INTRODUCTION

Savings form an important part of the economy of any nation. With the savings invested in
various options available to the people, the money acts as the driver for growth of the country.
Indian financial scene too presents a plethora of avenues to the investors. Though certainly not
the best or deepest of markets in the world, it has reasonable options for an ordinary man to
invest his savings.
The money you earn is partly spent and the rest saved for meeting future expenses. Instead of
keeping the savings idle you may like to use savings in order to get return on it in the future, this
is called Investment.
One needs to invest and earn return on your idle resoures and generate sum of money for a
specific goal in life and make a provision for an uncertain future .One of the important reason
why people needs to invest wisely is to meet the cost of inflation. Inflation is the rate at which
the cost of living increases.
The cost of living is simply what it costs to buy the goods and services you need to live. Inflation
causes money to lose value because it will not buy the same amountof a good or service in the
future as it does now or did in the past. The sooner one starts investing the better. By investing
early you allow your investments more time to grow, whereby the concept of compounding
increases your income, by accumulating the principal and the interest or dividend earned on it,
year after year. Tha three golden rules for all investors are :

Invest Early

Invest regularly

Invest for long term and not for short term

INVESTMENTS
The dictionary meaning of investment is to commit money in order to earn a financial return or
to make use of the money for future benefits or advantages. People commit money to
investments with an expectation to increase their future wealth by investing money to spend in
future years. For example, if you invest Rs. 1000 today and earn 10 %over the next year, you
will have Rs.1100 one year from today.
An investment can be described as perfect if it satisfies all the needs of all investors. So, the
starting point in searching for the perfect investment would be to examine investor needs. If all

those needs are met by the investment, then that investment can be termed the perfect
investment. Most investors and advisors spend a great deal of time understanding the merits of
the thousands of investments available in India. Little time, however, is spent understanding the
needs of the investor and ensuring that the most appropriate investments are selected for him.
The Investment Needs of an Investor
By and large, most investors have eight common needs from their investments:
1. Security of Original Capital;
2. Wealth Accumulation;
3. Comfort Factor;
4. Tax Efficiency;
5. Life Cover;
6. Income;
7. Simplicity;
8. Ease of Withdrawal;
9. Communication.
Choosing the Right Investment Options
After understanding the concept of investment, the investors would like to know how to go
about the task of investment, how much to invest at any moment and when to buy or sell the
securities, This depends on investment process as investment policy, investment analysis,
valuation of securities, portfolio construction and portfolio evaluation and revision. Every
investor tries to derive maximum economic advantage from his investment activity.
For evaluating an investment avenues are based upon the rate of return, risk and uncertainty,
capital appreciation, marketability, tax advantage and convenience of investment. The
following Table should give the clear picture relating to the investors investment decisions in
various financial market instruments. The choice of the best investment options will depend on
personal circumstances as well as general market conditions. For example, a good investment
for a long-term retirement plan may not be a good investment for higher education expenses. In
most cases, the right investment is a balance of three things: Liquidity, Safety and Return.

Investment Options in India

Some of the most preferred Investment Avenues

NoN-MARKETABLE FINANCIAL ASSETS
A good portion of the financial assets of individual investors is held in the form of nonmarketable financial assets like bank deposits, post office deposits, company deposits, provident
fund deposits. The main feature of these assets is that they represent personal transactions
between the investor and the issuer. For
Example, when you open a saving bank a/c , you deal with bank personally. In contrast, When
you buy equity shares in the stock market you do not know who is the seller.

Bank Deposits
Bank deposit simply refers to opening a bank a/c & depositing money in it. There are various
kind of bank A/Cs: current A/c, saving a/c, Fixed deposit a/c. While a deposit in current A/c
does not earn any interest, deposits in other bank a/c earn Interest.
Company Deposits
Many companies, large and small, solicit fixed deposits from the public.Fixed deposits mobilized
by manufacturing companies are regulated by RBI. Key feature of co. deposits are as :
1

For a manufacturing co. the term of deposits can be one to three years, whereas
for a non-banking finance co. it can vary between 25 months to 5 years.

The interest rate on it are higher than those on bank deposits.

Company deposit represent unsecured loans.

It offers the facility for premature withdrawal to attract deposits.

Public provident fund scheme

Individuals & HUFs can participate in this scheme. A PPF a/c may be opened at any branch of
the SBI or its subsidiaries or at specified branches of other nationalized banks. The subscriber to
a PPF a/c is required to make a min. deposit of rs.100 per year. The max. permissible deposit per
year is rs.70000/-.PPF currently earn a compound interest rate of 8% p.a. which is totally exempt
from taxes.

Fixed INCOME SECURITIES

Government Securities
Debt securities issued by the central government, state government and quasi-government
agencies are referred to as govt. securities or gilt-edged securities. Govt. securities have
maturities ranging from 3-20 years and carry interest rates that usually vary between 8 and 10 %.
RBI Savings Bonds
Individuals, HUFs, and NRIs can invest in these bonds. The minimum amount of
investment is rs.1000/-. There is no upper limit. The maturity period is 5 years from the

date of issue. The interest rate is 8% p.a., payable half-yearly. These bonds can be
offered as security to banks for availing loans.
Private sector debenture
Akin to promissory notes, debentures are instruments meant for raising
Long-term debt. The obligation of a co. towards its debenture holders is similar to that
of a borrower who promises to pay interest and principal at specified times.
When a debenture issue is sold to the investing public, a trustee is appointed through
deed. The trustee is usually a bank or financial institution.
Public Sector Undertaking Bonds
PSUs issue debentures that are referred to as PSU bonds. There are two broad varieties
of PSU bonds: taxable bonds and tax-free bonds. There is no deduction of tax at source
on the interest paid on these bonds. They are transferable by mere endorsement and
delivery. There is no stamp duty applicable on transfer. They are traded on stock
exchanges.
Fixed Deposits
It same as a term or time deposit. Money may be placed with a bank, merchant bank, building
society or credit union for a fixed term at a fixed rate of interest which remains unchanged
during the period of the deposit. Depositors may have to accept an interest penalty if they break
the deposit, ie, ask to take the money out before the agreed period has expired.
Few points which FD investors must consider at the time of investment,
1. Safety
FDs have conventionally been the premier choice for investors with a low risk appetite; assured
returns is the key factor which attracts investors towards deposits. Stick to FDs of the highest
credit rating i.e. those with a AAA rating even if their rates seem modest vis--vis those
offered by company deposits.
2. Tenure

Short tenured fixed deposits continue to be your best bet. With interest rates on the ascent, a
further hike in rates offered by fixed deposits cannot be ruled out. Locking your investments in
longer tenured instruments may lead to an opportunity loss.
3. Liquidity
Find out how FD fares on the pre-mature encashment front i.e. how easily can your investment
be liquidated. Also enquire about the penalty clauses, e.g. do you suffer a loss of interest and/or
principal amount. Compare how various FDs rank on this parameter and pick the best deal;
thereby try to minimise the impact of illiquidity which is typically associated with FDs.
4. Additional benefits
Fixed deposits from reputed entities offer additional benefits, e.g. they can be used as collateral
against which loans can be raised. Select a fixed deposit scheme which scores favourably on
such parametersAny investment portfolio should comprise the right mix of safe, moderate and risky investments.
While mutual funds and stocks are the favorite contenders for moderate and risky
investments,fixed deposits, government bonds etc. are considered safe investments. Fixed
deposits have been particularly popular among a large section of investors in India as a safe
investment option for a long period.
With fixed deposits or FDs as they are popularly known, a person can invest an amount for a
fixed duration. The banks provide interest rates depending on this loan amount and the tenure of
deposit. Here are the benefits, drawbacks of fixed deposits and precautions one should take while
making such investments.

Mutual funds
A Mutual Fund is a trust that pools the savings of a number of investors who share a common
financial goal. The money thus collected is then invested in capital market instruments such as
shares, debentures and other securities. The income earned through these investments and the
capital appreciation realized is shared by its unit holders in proportion to the number of units
owned by them. Thus a Mutual Fund is the most suitable investment for the common man as it
offers an opportunity to invest in a diversified, professionally managed basket of securities at a
relatively low cost. The flow chart below describes broadly the working of a mutual fund:

ORGANISATION OF A MUTUAL FUND

There are many entities involved and the diagram below illustrates the organizational set up of a
mutual fund:

Mutual fund units are Issued and redeemed by the Fund Management Company based on the
fund's net asset value (NAV), which is determined at the end of each trading session. NAV is
calculated as the value of all the shares held by the fund, minus expenses, divided by the number
of units Issued. Mutual Funds are usually long term investment vehicle though there some
categories of mutual funds, such as money market mutual funds which are short term
instruments.

Equity shares
At the most basic level, stock (often referred to as shares) is ownership, or equity, in a company.
Investors buy stock in the form of shares, which represent a portion of a company's assets
(capital) and earnings(dividends). As a shareholder, the extent of your ownership (your stake) in
a company depends on the number of shares you own in relation to the total number of shares
available For example, if you buy 1000 shares of stock in a company that has issued a total of
100,000 shares, you own one per cent of the company.
While one per cent seems like a small holding, very few private investors are able to accumulate
a shareholding of that size in publicly quoted companies, many of which have a market value
running into billions of pounds. Your stake may authorize you to vote at the company's annual
general meeting, where shareholders usually receive one vote per share.
In theory, every stockholder, no matter how small their stake, can exercise some influence over
company management at the annual general meeting. In reality, however, most private investors'
stakes are insignificant. Management policy is far more likely to be influenced by the votes of
large institutional investors such as pension funds.
a

STOCKS SYMBOLS

A stock symbol, or 'Epic' symbol, is the standard abbreviation of a stock's name. You can find
stock symbols wherever stock performance information is published - for example, newspaper
stock listings and investment websites. Company names also have abbreviations called ticker
symbols. However, it's worth remembering that these may vary at the different exchanges where
the company is quoted.
b PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
Here is a list of the standard performance indicators
Performance Indicator

Definition

Closing price: The last price at which the stock was bought or sold
High and low : The highest and lowest price of the stock from the previous trading day
52 week range: The highest and lowest price over the previous 52 weeks

Volume:
Net change:

The amount of shares traded during the previous trading day High and low
The difference between the closing price on the last trading day and the closing

price on the trading day prior to the last.

THE STOCK EXCHANGES
A marketplace in which to buy or sell something makes life a lot easier.
The same applies to stocks. A stock exchange is an organization that provides a marketplace in
which investors and borrowers trade stocks. Firstly, the stock exchange is a market for issuers
who want to raise equity capital by selling shares to investors in an Initial Public Offering (IPO).
The stock exchange is also a market for investors who can buy and sell shares at any time.
a

Trading shares on the stock exchange

As an investor in the INDIA, you can't buy or sell shares on a stock exchange yourself. You need
to place your order with a stock exchange member firm (a stockbroker) who will then execute
the order on your behalf. The NSE AND BSE are the leading stock exchange in the INDIA.
Trading is done through computerized systems.
b The trading process
If you decide to buy or sell your shares, you need to contact a stockbroker who will buy or sell
the shares on your behalf. After receiving your order, the stockbroker will input the order on the
SETS or SEAQ system to match your order with that of another buyer or seller. Details of the
trade are transmitted electronically to the stockbroker who is responsible for settling the trade.
You will then receive confirmation of the deal.
c) Types of shares available on the stock exchange
You cannot trade all stocks on the stock exchange. To be listed on a stock exchange, a stock must
meet the listing requirements laid down by that exchange in its approval process. Each exchange
has its own listing requirements, and some exchanges are more particular than others. It is
possible for a stock to be listed on more than one exchange. This is known as a dual listing.

Derivative Market
Is a product whose value is derived from the value of one or more basic variables, called
underlying. The underlying asset can be equity, index, foreign exchange (forex), commodity or
any other asset. Derivative products initially emerged as hedging devices against fluctuations in
commodity prices and commodity-linked derivatives remained the sole form of such products for
almost three hundred years. The financial derivatives came into spotlight in post-1970 period due
to growing instability in the financial markets. However, since their emergence, these products
have become very popular and by 1990s, they accounted for about two thirds of total transactions
in derivative products.

Types of derivatives
The most commonly used derivatives contracts are forwards, futures and options, which we shall
discuss in detail later. Here we take a brief look at various derivatives contracts that have come to
be

used.

A. Forwards: A forward contract is a customized contract between two entities, where

settlement takes place on a specific date in the future at today's pre-agreed price.
B. Futures: A futures contract is an agreement between two parties to buy or sell an asset at a
certain time in the future at a certain price. Futures contracts are special types of forward
contracts in the sense that the former are standardized exchange-traded contracts.
C. Options: Options are of two types - calls and puts. Calls give the buyer the right but not the
obligation to buy a given quantity of the underlying asset, at a given price on or before a given
future date. Puts give the buyer the right, but not the obligation to sell a given quantity of the
underlying asset at a given price on or before a given date.

D. Swaps: Swaps are private agreements between two parties to exchange cash flows in the
future according to a prearranged formula. They can be regarded as portfolios of forward
contracts. The two commonly used swaps are:

Interest rate swaps: These entail swapping only the interest related cash flows
between the parties in the same currency.

Currency swaps: These entail swapping both principal and interest between the
parties, with the cash flows in one direction being in a different currency than
those in the opposite direction.
Insurance

People need insurance in the first place. An insurance policy is primarily meant to protect the
income of the familys bread earners. The idea is if any one or both die their dependents
continue to live comfortably. The circle of life begins at birth follower by education, marriage
and eventually after a
Life time of work we look forward to life of retirement. Our finances too tend to change as we
go through the various phases of life. In the first twenty of our life, we are financially and
emotionally dependents on our parents and their are no financial commitments to be met. In
the next twenty years we
gain financial independence and provide financial independence to our families. This is also
the stage when our income may be unable to meet the growing expenses of a young
household. In the next twenty as we see our
Investments grow after our children grow and become financially independent. Insurance is a
provision for the distribution of risks that is to say it is a financial provision against loss from
unavoidable disasters. The protection which it affords takes form of a guarantee to indemnify
the insured if certain specified losses occur. The principle of insurance so far as the
undertaking of the obligation is concerned is that for the payment of a certain sum the
guarantee will be given to reimburse the insured. The insurer in accepting the risks so
distributes them that the total of all the amounts is paid for this insurance protection will be

sufficient to meet the losses that occur. Insurance then provide divided responsibility. This
principle is introduced in most stores where a division is made between the sales clerk and the
cashiers department the arrangement dividing the risks of loss. The insurance principle is
similarly applied in any other cases of divided responsibility. As a business however insurance
is usually recognized as some form of securing a promise of indemnity by the payment of
premium and the fulfilment of certain other stipulations
Types of insurance
A

Term insurance plans

Term insurance is the cheapest form of life insurance available. Since a term insurance contract
only pays in the event of eventuality the life cover comes at low premium rates. Term insurance
is a useful tool to purchase against risk of early death and protection of an asset.
B Endowment plans
Endowment plans are savings and protection plans that provide a dual benefit of protection as
well as savings. Endowment plans pay a death benefit in the event of an eventuality should the
customer survive the benefit period a maturity benefit is paid to the life insured.
C Whole of life plans
A whole of life plan provides life insurance cover to an individual up to a specified age. A whole
of life plan is suitable for an individual who is looking for an extended life insurance cover
and /or wants to pay premium over as long as tenure as possible to reduce the amount of upfront
premium payment.
D Pension plans
Pension plans allow an individual to save in a tax deferred manner. An individual can either
contribute through regular premiums or make single premium investments. Savings accumulate
over the deferment period. Once the contract reaches the vesting age , the individual has the
option of choosing an annuity plan from a life insurance company. An annuity is paid till the life
the lifetime of the insured or a predetermined period depending upon the annuity option chosen
by the life insured.

E Unit Linked Insurance Plans

Unit linked insurance plan (ULIP) is life insurance solution that provides for the benefits of risk
protection and flexibility in investment. The investment is denoted as units and is represented by
the value that it has attained called as Net Asset Value (NAV). The policy value at any time
varies according to the
value of the underlying assets at the time. In a ULIP, the invested amount of the premiums after
deducting for all the charges and premium for risk cover under
all policies in a particular fund as chosen by the policy holders are pooled together to form a
Unit fund. A Unit is the component of the Fund in a Unit Linked Insurance Policy. The returns in
a ULIP depend upon the performance of the fund in the capital market. ULIP investors have the
option of investing across various schemes, i.e., diversified equity funds, balanced funds, debt
funds etc. It is important to remember that in a ULIP, the investment risk is generally borne by
the investor.
In a ULIP, investors have the choice of investing in a lump sum (single premium) or making
premium payments on an annual, half-yearly, quarterly or monthly basis. Investors also have the
flexibility to alter the premium amounts during the policy's tenure. For example, if an individual
has surplus funds, he can enhance the contribution in ULIP. Conversely an individual faced with
a liquidity crunch has the option of paying a lower amount (the difference being adjusted in the
accumulated value of his ULIP). ULIP investors can shift their investments across various
plans/asset classes (diversified equity funds, balanced funds, debt funds) either at a nominal or
no cost.
Expenses Charged in a ULIP
Premium Allocation Charge
A percentage of the premium is appropriated towards charges initial and renewal expenses apart
from commission expenses before allocating the units under the policy.
Mortality Charges

These are charges for the cost of insurance coverage and depend on number of factors such as
age, amount of coverage, state of health etc.

Fund Management Fees

Fees levied for management of the fund and are deducted before arriving at the NAV.
Administration Charges
This is the charge for administration of the plan and is levied by cancellation of units.

Surrender Charges

Deducted for premature partial or full encashment of units.

Fund Switching Charge
Usually a limited number of fund switches are allowed each year without charge, with
subsequent switches, subject to a charge.

Service Tax Deductions

Service tax is deducted from the risk portion of the premium.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS of investment avenues
Return

Safety

Volatility

Liquidity

Convenience

Equity

High

Low

High

High

Moderate

Bonds

Moderate

High

Moderate

Moderate

High

Co. Debentures

Moderate

Moderate

Moderate

Low

Low

Co. FDs

Moderate

Low

Low

Low

Moderate

Bank Deposits

Low

High

Low

High

High

PPF

Moderate

High

Low

Moderate

High

Insurance

Low

High

Low

Low

Moderate

Mutual Funds

High

High

Moderate

High

High

Unicon Investments is a service sector company, providing financial services, which has now
emerged now as a one-stop investment solutions provider. Mr. Gajendra Nagpal and Mr. Ram M.
Gupta, who had great expertise and vision in the field of finance, founded the company in 2004.
The Headquarter of the company is in New Delhi and its has its Corporate Offices in Mumbai,
Kolkata, Chennai, Hyderabad and Noida.
Unicon, a professionally managed company, is lead by a team with unparallel managerial
acumen and an experience of more than 200 years in the financial markets. The company boasts
of having more than 3500 employees, 100 branches, more than 600 partner locations and 2500
remisers providing it with a national footprint.
The company has a customer base of more than 200000 customers. It caters to both- the
short term as well as long term financial needs through a comprehensive diversification of
investment services. These services include offline & online trading in equity, commodities,
currency derivatives to debt markets to corporate finance & portfolio management services. The
company has a humungous presence in the distribution of the 3rd party financial products like
mutual funds, property broking and insurance products. It also has prolific expertise on Advising
on Life Insurance, General Insurance, Mutual Funds & IPO. The distribution network is backed
by in-house back-office support to provide prompt and efficient customer services.

MISSION & VISION OF UNICON SECURITIES PVT.LTD.

Mission:
To create long term value by empowering individual investors through superior financial services
supported by culture based on highest level of teamwork, efficiency and integrity.
Vision:
To provide the most useful and ethical Investment Solutions - guided by values driven approach
to growth, client service and employee development.
GROUP COMPANIES_____________________________________

UNICON CAPITAL SERVICES

PVT. LTD.
UNICON INSURANCE ADVISORS
PVT. LTD.
UNICON COMMODITIES PVT.
LTD.
UNICON REAL ESTATES PVT.LTD.

UNICON SECURITIES PVT.LTD.

UNICON FINCAP PVT. LTD.
UNICON FINANCIAL
INTERMEDIARIES PVT. LTD.

The company proposes the following to the customers:

1. Personal Relationship Manager

This facility is provided to the customer on opening a trading account with the company.
A Personal Relationship Manager is provided to the customer who can be reached 24x7 and not
only for instructing him in the trading affair but also get specialized and customized advice and
tips about the market which is their competitive advantage.
2. Competitive Brokerage and DP Charges
The Company offers a brokerage of 0.50% (negotiable) on Delivery and 0.10%
(negotiable) on Intraday and F&O transactions plus Service Tax, SST and Transaction Charges.

Only one time account opening charges and no annual maintenance charges.

Margin Financing @ 18%

Margin trading of 4 times the cash deposited for delivery based trade.

Margin trading of 10 times the cash deposited for intra-day based trade.

Buy today Sell tomorrow for all securities facility.

Management of portfolio and advises.

Electronic transfer of funds can also be provided.

PRODUCTS OFFERED___________________________________

Equity

Commodity

Depository

Distribution

NRI Services

Back Office

Fixed Income

Portfolio Tracker

Mutual Funds

General Insurance

Life Insurance

The snapshots of products of UNICON are:

EQUITY________________________________________________
UNICON facilitates trading in secondary market in equity trading & derivative (future &
options) trading through its corporate membership of premier exchange of the country namely
National Stock Exchange (NSE), Bombay
Stock Exchange (BSE). Unicon provides equity trading to the clients online as well as off-line
service. Unicon offers the unique feature where the customers get to trade on NSE, BSE and
Derivatives all on one screen.
Products offerings for Trading
I. Unicon Plus
It enables users to get a browser based trading terminal that can be accessed by a unique ID and
password. This facility is available to all the customers of the company the moment they get
registered with it.
II. Unicon Swift

Self directed investors get an application based terminal which is replica of NEAT terminal for
trading actively with more speed, greater analytical features and priority access to relationship
manager to trade over the phone
COMMODITY___________________________________________
GOVERNMENT of INDIA has been given the permission to the multi commodity trading after
approximate thirty years of globalization & liberalization in world. By inspiring from the N.S.E.,
& B.S.E. many other stock exchange LIC, ICICI Bank, NSE, Central Warehousing, Agriculture
Industries etc. had setup the Online Multi-Commodity Exchange. This exchange will provide the
present rate of the commodity to the on line market these exchange

will control by the forward market commission which do work under ministry of consumer
affair,food & public distribution ,government of INDIA.
UNICON is the member of the two commodity exchange at present:
I. NCDEX____________________________________________________
National Commodity & Derivatives Exchange Limited (NCDEX) is a professionally managed
online multi commodity exchange incorporated on April 23, 2003 under the Companies Act,
1956. It obtained its Certificate for Commencement of Business on May 9, 2003. It has
commenced its operations on December 15, 2003.
NCDEX currently facilitates trading of thirty six commodities - Cashew, Castor Seed,
Chana, Chilli, Coffee, Cotton, Cotton Seed Oilcake, Crude Palm Oil, Expeller Mustard Oil,
Gold, Guar gum, Guar Seeds, Gur, Jeera, Jute sacking bags, Mild Steel Ingot, Mulberry Green
Cocoons, Pepper, Rapeseed - Mustard Seed ,Raw Jute, RBD Palmolein, Refined Soy Oil, Rice,
Rubber, Sesame Seeds, Silk, Silver, Soy Bean, Sugar, Tur, Turmeric, Urad (Black Matpe),

Wheat, Yellow Peas, Yellow Red Maize & Yellow Soybean Meal. At subsequent phases trading
in more commodities would be facilitated.
II. MCX__________________________________________________________
MCX an independent and de-mutulised multi commodity exchange has permanent recognition
from Government of India for facilitating online trading,
clearing and settlement operations for commodity futures markets across the country.
Headquartered in Mumbai, MCX is led by an expert management team with deep domain
knowledge of the commodity futures markets. Inaugurated in November 2003 by Shri Mukesh
Ambani, Chairman & Managing Director, Reliance Industries Ltd, MCX offers futures trading in
the following commodity categories: Agri Commodities, Bullion, Metals- Ferrous & Nonferrous, Pulses, Oils & Oilseeds, Energy, Plantations, Spices and other soft commodities.
DEPOSITORY_________________________________________________
Depository offer a safe, convenient way to hold securities as compared to
holding securities in paper form. Their service provides an integrated single platform for all the
clients ensuring a risk free, efficient and prompt depository process.
Facilities Provided by Unicon

De-materialization:

Physical shares can be converted into

electronic form

through dematerialization at any of the Unicon Branch.

Re-materialization: Electronic shares on request of Re-materialization enables

one to convert Dematerialized shares into physical form.

Transfer: One can transfer shares through inter and intra depository services.

IPO: Using the demat account details one can apply for IPO and on allotment the
securities are transferred directly to the demat account.

Corporate Actions: In case one is eligible for any bonus and right issues while
holding the stock in Demat Account then allotment would be transferred to the
account.

Easi: This facility empowers the clients to view, download, print updated holings
with respective valuations over the internet though Demat Account and avail host
of services.

DISTRIBUTION_________________________________________________

Unicon

is fast emerging as a leader in the Insurance and Mutual Funds

distribution space. Unicon has over 100 branches and a huge number of Business Development
Executives who help to source and service the customers throughout the country. Unicon is fast
becoming the preferred Vendor Independent distribution houses because of providing efficient
service like free pick-up of collection of cheques/DDs, Keeping track of the premiums etc to its
customers.
MUTUAL FUNDS________________________________________________
Mutual fund is a trust that pools the savings of a number of investors who share a common
financial goal. The money thus collected is invested into a variety of securities, including stocks,
bonds, and money-market instruments. Mutual funds issue units to the investors, which represent
an equitable right in the assets of the mutual fund. Thus a mutual fund is the most suitable
investment for the common man as it offers an opportunity to invest in a diversified,
professionally managed basket of securities at a relatively low cost.
INSURANCE____________________________________________________

General Insurance
Unicon offers all the products of general Insurance under one umbrella. Unicon comprises of a
team of distinguished professionals from insurance, finance and other management disciplines
who have vast business & managerial experience. Unicon team evaluates the client's business
environment and studies the risk profile. based on the results of these evaluations, Unicon team
then suggests the most cost effective , integrated insurance package that is perfectly suited to the
client's risk profile.
Life Insurance
Unicon offers you a Peace of Mind by offering various life insurance plans for your unique &
specific needs. For every financial problem, there is a solution also is the philosophy of Unicon.
And is here to give one a complete financial solutions. One can always have an access to their 83
Branch Offices situated at prime locations of the city, or can call to their Relationship Manager
for guide to Investments.
Following is the glimpse of Life Insurance Plans:
-

Protection Plans

Child Plans

Investment Plans

Saving Plans

Retirement and Pension Plans

NIR Plans

Health Plans

PROPERTY_____________________________________________________

Unicon is a specialized property broking company. It offers a total solution to the clients
inclusive of market research, marketing strategy, interaction with the professional teams and
sales or leasing of the property.
NRI SERVICES__________________________________________________
Unicon offers a convenient and hassle-free way of Investing in the Indian Securities Market to
the people who are living outside India and wish to participate in the Indian Growth story.
Procedure for NRI operations in Indian Capital Markets:

The NRI can deal with only one bank at any point of time.

He is allowed to invest only 5% of the paid up capital of a company. The aggregate paid
up value of equity of any company purchased by all NRI's and OCBs cannot exceed 10
percent of the paid up capital of the company and in the case of convertible debentures,
the aggregate paid up value of each series of debentures purchased by all NRI's and
OCBs cannot exceed 10 % of the paid up value of each series of convertible debentures.

He can enter only into delivery based trades, all deliveries must only be routed through
beneficiary accounts and not directly through the broker.

Shares bought by him cannot be sold unless the payout of the same is received from
exchange.

All purchase and sale transactions have to be reported to the RBI by the designated bank.
Original brokers contract notes have to be submitted to the designated Bank branch,
within 24 hours of the transaction.

He will be required to make bill to bill payments/ settlements. No adjustments of

purchase against sale consideration should be done.

Shares cannot be bought against the shares sold in the same settlement.

All Purchase and Sales will be dealt separately for payments / receipts.

Sale proceeds of any transaction not reported/approved by the RBI are allowed

to be

credited to the NRE/NRO savings/demat account. The transaction will have to be

reversed in the account and losses if any will be borne by the client.

All tax liabilities arising out of buying and selling of securities will be handled by the
designated bank.

BACKOFFICE____________________________________________
Unicon through its online back-office aims to increase the transparency

and

provides the link to view the details of the account online anytime and anywhere.
The following reports can be viewed online:
1

Sauda details

Financial Ledger

Net Position fot the day

Net position Detail

FIXED INCOME_________________________________________________
The Fixed Income vertical of UNICON Group deals in Sovereign Paper, Money Market/
Fixed Income Instruments and Merchant Banking Activities. Broadly, it undertakes the
following:
a.

Dealing in all types of money market instruments viz. Commercial paper

(Origination & Placement), Certificate of Deposit and Treasury Bills both in Primary and
Secondary market.

b.

Dealing in Government Securities (including securities of Oil, Fertilizer & Food

Bonds) and other PSU/ Corporate Bonds with counterparties like Banks, Primary Dealers,
Mutual Funds, Insurance Companies, Regional Rural Banks, Co operative Banks, Central &
State PSUs, Housing Finance Companies, NBFC & Corporates.

c.

Retailing of Central, State Government Securities and Bonds to PF Trusts,

Universities & Colleges.

d.

Advisory Services to PF Trusts.

e.

Arrangers for Private placement of Bonds & placing it with Banks, Mutual funds,
Insurance Companies & Corporates.

f.

Raising of capital by way of Initial Public Offers (IPO) and Follow-on Public
Offerings (FPO)

g.

Securitization of receivable portfolio of Housing Finance Companies, Banks &

NBFCs by way of Pass through certificates.
PORTFOLIO TRACKER_________________________________________The Portfolio Tracker is a simple yet powerful tool that lets you monitor the value of your
investments and other securities you've got your eye on. To set up your portfolio, all you need to
do is enter the quantities of your investments

in different things, and the price you made your purchases and sales at. Portfolio Tracker lets you
monitor certain securities, it is not intended to reflect your actual holdings or account
information at any broker/dealer.

COMPETITORS

India bulls Financial Services Limited

India Info line

Karvy Securities

Fortis Securities ( Religare)

Share khan ltd

ICICI Securities ltd

Motilal Oswal Securities

Kotak Securities

HDFC Securities

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

To understand all about different investment avenues available in India.
To find out how the investors get information about the various financial
instrument
To find out the saving habits of the different customers and the amount they
invest in various financial instruments.
In which type of financial instrument they like to invest.
How long they prefer to keep their money invested.
What is the return that they expect from the investment.
What are the various factors that they consider before investing.
To give a recommendation to the investors that where they should invest.

SCOPE OF STUDY
The study enables to have a better knowledge of investing option available in
the market. The study highlights some of the most important investing options
available with the Indian investors. It gives an overview of pros and cons of
investing in different avenues and also help in choosing best from them.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH DESIGN

A Research design is purely and simply the framework of plan for a study that
guides the collection and analysis of data. The study is intended to find the
investors preference towards various investment avenues. The study design is
descriptive in nature.
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH
Descriptive study is a fact-finding investigation with adequate interpretation. It is
the simplest type of research and is more specific. Mainly designed to gather
descriptive information and provides information for formulating more
sophisticated studies.

METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION

Primary data : Telephonic survey, Questionaire
Secondary data : Newspapers, Websites
Sample Size : 100
Research Area : Rohini, Delhi
Sampling Technique
Convenience method of sampling is used to collect the data from the respondents.
Researchers or field workers have the freedom to choose whomever they find,
thus the name convenience. About 100 samples were collected from Rohini
and Delhi city.

A.

Number of male and females in survey

Gender

Respondent

Male

83

Female

17

Total

100

Table 1.1
Male; 83

Female; 17

Male

Female

Figure 1.1
Interpretation
The male respondent are 83 and the females are 17 which shows the majority of
male respondent in survey.

B. Geographical Distribution
Geographical distribution

% of respondent

Noida
Ghaziabad

28
72
Table 1.2

Geographical distribution
Noida; 28; 28%

Ghaziabad; 72; 72%

Figure 1.2

Interpretation
As the sampling area is Noida & Ghaziabad. Here, 72% respondent are from
Ghaziabad & 28% from Noida.

C. Age of the respondent

Age
20-30
31-40
41-50
Above 50
Total

% of Respondent
25
36
27
12
100
Table 1.3

Respondant from diff. age groups

Above 50; 12; 12%

41-50; 27; 27%

20-30; 25; 25%

31-40; 36; 36%

20-30
31-40
41-50
Above 50

Figure: 1.3
Interpretation
The total number of respondent are 100.The % of respondent are : 25 % from age
group 20-30, 36% from age group 31-40, 27% from 41-50 and 12% from age
group above 50.

D. Occupation of Respondent
Occupation
Student
Entrepreneur
Working
Professional
Retired
Total

% of Respondent
5
25
32
23
15
100

Table: 1.4

Occupation
Student
Student; 5; 5% Entrepreneur
Retired; 15; 15%
Entrepreneur; 25; 25%
Working
Professional; 23; 23%
Professional
Working; 32; 32%
Retired

Figure :1.4
Interpretation
As the sample size is 100, where major responses are from working category i.e.
32% & the rest are 25% from entrepreneur, 23% from professionals, 15% from
retired & 5% from students.
E. Knowledge about the available investment avenues
Investment Options

YES

NO

Mutual fund

55

45

Equity market

75

25

Derivatives

35

65

Fixed Deposit

100

Insurance

98

Table: 1.5

Knowledge of investment
Fixed Deposit;avenues
100
Insurance; 98
Equity; 75
Derivative ; 65
Mutual Fund ; 55
Mutual Fund ; 45 Yes

No

Derivative ; 35
Equity; 25
Insurance; 2
Mutual Fund

Equity

Derivative

Fixed
FixedDeposit
Deposit;Insurance
0

Figure :1.5
Interpretation
The responses mention in table 1.5 shows that people are more aware about
investment as fixed deposits (100) in bank because it is a common type of
investment since earlier time, followed by Insurance (98). Near about 75 people
knows about investment in equity shares & 55 in mutual funds. Only 35 people
knows about investment in derivatives because it is common to those people who
are risk taker.

F. Source of Information regarding investment avenues

Sources of information
Media
Newspaper
Co.s sales force
Advertisement

Responses in %
45
30
15
10

Table 1.6

Sources of information
Advertisement; 10; 10%
Co.'s sales force; 15; 15%
Media

Newspapers

Media;
Co.'s sales
force45; 45%
Advertisement

Newspapers; 30; 30%

Figure 1.6
Interpretation
Table 1.5 shows that media is the most powerful source of information regarding
investment avenues, for example: Zee Business, CNBC Aawaz. After media
newspaper is a good source of information. Co.s sales force & advertisement are
also helpful in providing such information.

G. Rating given to Investment Avenue

More preferred
Mutual Fund

25

Moderate
22

Less preferred
15

Equity

12

18

22

Derivatives

10

33

Fixed

80

15

75

15

10

deposits
Insurance

Table:1.7

Rating of investment avenues

More Preferred

Moderate

Insurance; 75
fixed deposit; 80

less Preferred

Insurance;
Insurance;
15
10
fixed deposit;
fixed deposit;
15
5

Dervatives;
Dervatives;
15
25 Dervatives; 33
Equity; 25

Equity; 28

Mutual Fund; 45

Interpretation

Equity; 45

Mutual Fund; 30
Mutual Fund; 25

H. % of Income As Investment
% Of Income As Investment

Responses

Below 5 %

37

5-10 %

28

10-20%

20

Above 20%

15
Table 1.8

% of Income as investment
Above 20 %; 15; 15%
Below 5%; 37; 37%
10 to 20 %; 20; 20%
5 to 10 %; 28; 28%

Figure:1.8
Interpretation

Below 5%
5 to 10 %
10 to 20 %
Above 20 %

I. Basis for making Investment

Basis of Investment

Responses in %

Market Sentiments
Fundamental & technical Analysis
Past performance

43
18
39
Table: 1.9

Basis of investment

% Of Responses

Figure: 1.9
Interpretation
As per the responses obtained from the survey of 100 people shows that 43%
people takes market sentiments as the basis for making investment, while there are
39% people, who considers the past performance & only 18% people makes
fundamental & technical analysis for making Investment .

J. Reason for choosing any particular investment option

Reason to invest

Responses in %

Maximum Return

45

Tax Saving

12

Safety

18

Regular Income Flow

30
Table : 1.10

Reason to Invest

Regular Income Flow; 30; 29%

Maximum Return

Tax Saving
SafetyReturn;
Regular
Income
Maximum
45;
43% Flow

Safety; 18; 17%

Tax Saving; 12; 11%

Figure :1.10
Interpretation

As responses obtained from people shows that maximum people makes

investment with the aim to gain max. return &regular income flow.Out of 100 ,
43% people Invest to gain Max. return, 29% for regular income flow,17% for
safety & 11% for tax saving.

SUGGESTIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS

To earn good return with less capital risk, a investor have to be
active while designing his portfolio.
Every attributes of investor like his age level, income level, his
expectation level have effect on their portfolio design.
An investor should go with well diversified portfolio in
compare to stick on only one or two investment avenue.
Investors should update his knowledge continuously to grab
good opportunities in market.
Investors should take decision carefully because updation of
portfolio is a costly affair.

LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The project is based upon various financial instrument that are available in India
and the perception level of the customer about these financial instruments. For
which there will be the need of information from the customers about their
knowledge of these financial products. The various limitations of the study are:
Total number of financial instrument in the market is so large that it needs a
lot of resources to analyze them all.
Handling and analyzing such a varied and diversified data needs a lot of time
and resources.
Reluctance of the people to provide complete information about themselves
can affect the validity of responses.
Due to time and cost constraint study is conducted in only area of Ghaziabad
and Noida.
The lack of knowledge in customers about the financial instruments can be a
major limitation.

 The Information can be biased due to the use of questionnaire.