Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
using
PCA (Eigenfaces) and LDA (Fisherfaces)
Image Representation
1 2 3
3 1 2
4 5 1 33
1
2
3
3
1
2
4
5
1
91
Covariance Matrix
2 1 1
1
1 2 1 3 1
Face Space
Recognition
The test image x is projected into the face space to
obtain a vector p:
p = UT(x m)
The distance of p to each face class is defined by
k2 = ||p-pk||2; k = 1,,m
A distance threshold c, is half the largest distance
between any two face images:
c = maxj,k {||pj-pk||}; j,k = 1,,m
Recognition
Find the distance between the original image x and its
reconstructed image from the eigenface space, xf,
2 = || x xf ||2 , where xf = U * x + m
Recognition process:
IF c
then input image is not a face image;
IF <c AND kc for all k
then input image contains an unknown face;
IF <c AND k*=mink{ k} < c
then input image contains the face of individual k*
Expression
- Change in feature location and shape.
Mean Images
Let X1, X2,, Xc be the face classes in the database and let
each face class Xi, i = 1,2,,c has k facial images xj,
j=1,2,,k.
1 k
mi x j
k j 1
Now, the mean image m of all the classes in the database can
be calculated as:
1 c
m mi
c i 1
Scatter Matrices
SW
T
(
x
m
)
(
x
m
)
k i k i
i 1 xk X i
S B N i ( m i m )(m i m ) T
i 1
|W T SBW |
W argmax J(W )
|W T SW W |
^
SB wi i SW wi
Fisherface Projection
We find the product of SW-1 and SB and then compute the Eigenvectors
of this product (SW-1 SB) - AFTER REDUCING THE DIMENSION OF
THE FEATURE SPACE.
Each face image xj Xi can be projected into this face space by the
operation
pi = WT(xj m)
Testing
References