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TEXTOS ESPECFICOS
DE
PSICOLOGA
INGLS I
2014
TEXT 1
ETHICAL PRINCIPLES OF PSYCHOLOGISTS AND CODE OF CONDUCT
This Ethics Code applies only to psychologists' activities that are part of their scientific,
educational, or professional roles as psychologists. Areas covered include but are not
limited to the clinical, counseling, and school practice of psychology; research;
teaching; supervision of trainees; public service; policy development; social
intervention; development of assessment instruments; conducting assessments;
educational counseling; organizational consulting; forensic activities; program design
and evaluation; and administration. This Ethics Code applies to these activities across a
variety of contexts, such as in person, postal, telephone, internet, and other electronic
transmissions. These activities are distinguished from the purely private conduct of
psychologists, which is not within the purview of the Ethics Code.
Complete the following sentences.
1- This Ethics code applies to ______________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
2- The areas covered are __________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
3- The purely private conduct of psychologists is not ___________________________
______________________________________________________________________
GENERAL PRINCIPLES
This section consists of General Principles. General Principles, as opposed to Ethical
Standards, are aspirational in nature. Their intent is to guide and inspire psychologists
toward the very highest ethical ideals of the profession.
TEXT 2
The substance of phenomenology
Phenomenology takes its start in the fundamental problem of describing accurately and
completely the essential features of everyday lived experience. By everyday lived
experience we mean the kind of active, engaged experience we have of the world
throughout the course of our everyday life: hearing the toll of a campus bell, seeing the
smile of a friendly face, grasping a coffee mug by the handle and bringing it to ones
mouth to sip. These experiences present the world to us; they do not at least not in the
first instance present our experience of it. By the essential features of everyday
lived experience we mean those features that are necessary and sufficient for them to be
experiences, and in particular for them to be the very experiences that they are.
Phenomenologys most basic premise is that it is more difficult to capture the essence of
everyday lived experience completely and accurately than one might have thought.
Answer the following questions.
1- What is the meaning of everyday lived experience?
2- Provide examples of everyday lived experiences.
3- What do these experiences not present to us?
4- What do these experiences present to us?
5-What is the meaning of essential features?
TEXT 3
superficial charm
need for stimulation/prone to
boredom
manipulative
shallow emotional response
parasitic lifestyle
promiscuous sexual behaviour
lack of realistic long term
goals
irresponsibility
revocation
release
of
conditional
pathological lying
impulsivity
adult psychopaths do not benefit from traditional counseling therapy and may in
fact offend again and sooner because of it
the brain of a psychopath may function and process information differently from
those of non-psychopaths
psychopathic behaviour may have once had a strong genetic "survival of the
species" value
TEXT 4
Psychosis
Definition
Psychosis is a symptom or feature of mental illness typically characterized by radical
changes in personality, impaired functioning, and a distorted or non-existent sense of
objective reality.
Description
Patients suffering from psychosis have impaired reality testing; that is, they are unable
to distinguish personal, subjective experience from the reality of the external world.
They experience hallucinations and/or delusions that they believe are real, and may
behave and communicate in an inappropriate and incoherent fashion. Psychosis may
appear as a symptom of a number of mental disorders, including mood and personality
disorders. It is also the defining feature of schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder,
schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, and the psychotic disorders (i.e., brief
psychotic disorder, shared psychotic disorder, psychotic disorder due to a general
medical condition, and substance-induced psychotic disorder).
Schizophrenia,
disorder
schizophreniform
disorder, and
schizoaffective
Delusional disorder
The exact cause of delusional disorder has not been conclusively determined, but
potential causes include heredity, neurological abnormalities, and changes in brain
chemistry. Some studies have indicated that delusions are generated by abnormalities in
the limbic system, the portion of the brain on the inner edge of the cerebral cortex that is
believed to regulate emotions.