GCSE CHEMISTRY

THE PERIODIC TABLE

ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 1
noble/inert/rare gases

(ii)

two out of helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, radon.

(i)

(ii)

atoms do not combine/monatomic atoms/inert gas so atoms dont join/

A, B and C show molecules and group 0/8 elements do not form molecules

splint goes out/does not burn

(c)
(d)

all unreactive/stays the same

(ii)

density increases

(iii)

all non metals/stays the same

(iv)

measure the density of each

ma

ctiv

(e)

(i)

om

(b)

(i)

e.c

(a)

QUESTIONSHEET 2

(b)

1
1

TOTAL 10

(ii)

A has 11 electrons and atomic number of sodium is 11

A has one electron in outside shell but ions have full outer shell

1
1

(iii)

one electron in outside shell

(i)

charged atom/group of atoms

(ii)

K+

he

(c)

(d)

(i)

ww
w.c

(a)

Any two from:

very reactive
react with air
react with oxygen in the air
react with water in the air

(i)

oxygen (in the air)

(ii)

potassium oxide

(iii)

potassium + oxygen potassium oxide

(iv)

4K + O2 2K2O

TOTAL 13

GCSE CHEMISTRY

THE PERIODIC TABLE

ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 3

(b)

(i)

lithium + chlorine lithium chloride

(ii)

2Li + Cl2 2LiCl

(i)

group 1

(ii)

(iii)

(c)

C1

Li

C1

e.c

Li

om

(a)

1
1
1

(i)

more reactive

(ii)

common/table/cooking salt

he

ma

ctiv

diagram to show:
chlorine seven electrons
lithium one electron being transferred to chlorine
lithium ion one positive charge, chloride ion one negative charge

ww
w.c

(d)

1
TOTAL 10

GCSE CHEMISTRY

THE PERIODIC TABLE

ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

(ii)

sodium ion

(iii)

chloride ion

(iv)

attraction of opposite charges/ electrostatic attraction

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(v)

(vi)

(i)

sodium needs to lose one electron

to empty outside shell/ to give full/complete outer shell/octet/stable electron arrangement
sodium transfers electron to chlorine atom
which completes its octet

1
1
1
1

x
Na

(ii)

e.c

om

C1

ma

(c)

ions

Na+

C1

he

(b)

(i)

one sodium ion electrically balances one chloride ion

ww
w.c

(a)

ctiv

QUESTIONSHEET 4

TOTAL 16

GCSE CHEMISTRY

THE PERIODIC TABLE

ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 5

(ii)

antiseptic/put on cuts to kill bacteria/germs

(i)

halogens

(ii)

non-metal

(iii)

non-metal

(i)

17 protons in nucleus/17 electrons in uncombined atom

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

sodium iodide
NaI

om

e.c

(c)

to kill bacteria/germs in water

ctiv

(b)

(i)

QUESTIONSHEET 6

(c)

goes dark

(ii)

photosynthesis/colour fading

(i)

ion/anion/negative ion

(ii)

no

(i)

go dark

(ii)

Ag+(aq) + I (aq) AgI(s)

he

(b)

(i)

ww
w.c

(a)

ma

(a)

1
1
1
TOTAL 10

1
1
1
1
1
3

(2 marks for correct equation; only 1 if ions not shown. 1 mark for state symbols)

TOTAL 8

GCSE CHEMISTRY

THE PERIODIC TABLE

ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 7
isotopes

(ii)

different number of neutrons

(iii)

number of protons
number of electrons in uncombined atom

1
1

(iv)

35 (neutrons + protons) 17 (protons)

18 neutrons

1
1

(i)

no difference

(ii)

Any two from:

chemical properties stay the same
both elements have 7 electrons/same number of electrons in their outside shell
chemical properties depend on number of electrons in outside shell

e.c

(iii)

no

(iv)

different masses/physical properties depend on the mass

QUESTIONSHEET 8

(b)

(c)

2
1
1
TOTAL 12

(i)

(ii)

second electron shell is full

next electron has to go into third shell/one electron in outside shell

1
1

(i)

sodium, magnesium and aluminium/Na, Mg and Al

(ii)

go from metallic (left hand side) to non-metallic (right hand side)

(i)

6 (electrons)

(ii)

sodium oxide: Na2O

magnesium oxide: MgO
aluminium oxide: Al2O3

ww
w.c

(a)

ma

(c)

mixture if different isotopes/chlorine-35 and chlorine-37

ctiv

(b)

om

(i)

he

(a)

(all three needed for mark)

TOTAL 9

GCSE CHEMISTRY

THE PERIODIC TABLE

ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 9

(b)

(c)

group 0/8 / noble gases/inert gases

(i)

drop/go down/fall

(ii)

Any two from:

lower down in the group
group 0/8 elements get denser as the atomic number increases
krypton denser/heavier for the same volume than the gases in the other balloons/air

(i)

om

(a)

(i)

very light/less dense than air

unreactive/does not react with air/non-flammable

1
1

(ii)

unreactive/inert/full outer electron shells

wont react with hot filament of light bulb

1
1

(c)

group 1

(ii)

alkali metals

(iii)

white

ww
w.c

(b)

(i)

ma

ctiv

outer shell complete

helium does not combine/react with anything

QUESTIONSHEET 10
(a)

1
1
1

(ii)

he

(d)

e.c

TOTAL 11

1
1
1

Any three from:

use platinum/nichrome wire
clean wire/by dipping in hydrochloric acid and putting into a hot flame
dip wire into salt/solution of salt/hydrochloric acid and then salt
put into blue flame/hottest part of flame/side of a blue flame
look at colour of flame.

A = sodium chloride
B = lithium chloride
C = potassium chloride

1
1
1

TOTAL 9

GCSE CHEMISTRY

THE PERIODIC TABLE

ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 11

(c)

chlorine, bromine, iodine

(ii)

atomic number

(i)

(ii)

molecules

(iii)

Any two from:

outer shell incomplete
each chlorine atom needs one more electron to complete its octet
each atom shares one electron

om

(b)

(i)

xx
x

(i)

x
x

e.c

(a)

x
xx

1
1

(ii)

gas

(iii)

-220 C (accept 200 C to 250 C)

ww
w.c

he

boils/becomes a gas/vapour

QUESTIONSHEET 12

(b)

ma

ctiv

diagram to show: two electron shells

two electrons in first shell, seven in outside shell

(d)

(a)

1
1

TOTAL 11

(i)

colourless

(ii)

Any two from:

a solid
in a liquid
very small particles of solid.

(iii)

silver chloride

(i)

silver nitrate + sodium chloride silver chloride + sodium nitrate

(ii)

(aq)

(iii)

(s)

(iv)

AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq) AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)

(c)

B and C

2
TOTAL 11

GCSE CHEMISTRY

THE PERIODIC TABLE

ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 13
1

(ii)

metals

(iii)

Fe = iron, Cu = copper, Zn = zinc

(i)

(ii)

A
high melting point/B would melt when the water boiled

1
1

(iii)

hard
can be pulled out to make a wire
shiny surface that can be polished

1
1
1

QUESTIONSHEET 14

(c)

TOTAL 11

ma

one out of scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel,
zinc, or between atomic numbers 39-48, 57, 72-80 including silver, gold, platinum and mercury

(ii)

limewater

(iii)

lime water went cloudy/milky/white precipitate

(iv)

carbon dioxide

(i)

copper(II) oxide

(ii)

gas made
copper carbonate changed colour

1
1

(iii)

copper carbonate copper oxide + carbon dioxide

(iv)

CuCO3 CuO + CO2

(i)

(ii)

Any two from:

there was a reaction in B/no reaction in A
zinc carbonate/transition metal carbonate breaks down on heating
sodium carbonate/group 1 metal carbonates do not break down on heating
zinc oxide is yellow when hot and white when cold

Any two from:

A was sodium carbonate
sodium carbonate does not break down on heating
group 1 metal carbonates do not break down on heating

(iii)

he

(b)

(i)

ww
w.c

(a)

om

transition elements/ transition metals

e.c

(b)

(i)

ctiv

(a)

TOTAL 14

GCSE CHEMISTRY

THE PERIODIC TABLE

ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 15
1

(ii)

blue/green

(i)

add a small amount of sodium hydroxide solution

colour of precipitate indicates which metal ion is present

1
1

(ii)

A = copper
B = green
C = iron(III)
(all three for 2 marks one or two for one mark)

(i)

Fe2+

(ii)

OH-

(iii)

Fe2+ + 2OH- Fe(OH)2

ma

ctiv

(c)

transition elements

om

(b)

(i)

e.c

(a)

(b)

(c)

TOTAL 9

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

the number of electron shells

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

the number of electrons in the outside shell

(i)

6 protons in atom/ in the nucleus

6 electrons in uncombined atom

1
1

(ii)

mass number/ relative atomic mass

(iii)

number of neutrons plus number of protons

he

(a)

ww
w.c

QUESTIONSHEET 16

1
1

TOTAL 10

GCSE CHEMISTRY

THE PERIODIC TABLE

ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 17
1

(ii)

One out of: H, N, O, F, Cl, He, Ne, Ar, Kr.

(iii)

One out of: Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu. (allow Sc and Zn)

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(i)

inert/noble/rare gases

(ii)

unreactive/do not react

(iii)

outer electron shell contains 8 electrons/ complete octet

(e)

TOTAL 11

lithium

(ii)

rubidium

(iii)

potassium

blue

ww
w.c

(d)

(i)

(b)
(c)

1
1

QUESTIONSHEET 18
(a)

e.c

(d)

number of protons/number of electrons in neutral (uncombined) atom

ctiv

(c)

om

One out of: Li, Be, Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge.

ma

(b)

(i)

he

(a)

1
1

(i)

burnt with a pop/small explosion

(ii)

hydrogen

(i)

more reactive

(ii)

hydrogen and sodium hydroxide

Any two from:

react with water to give alkalis
all metals
hydroxides are alkalis
hydroxides all dissolve in water to give alkaline solutions

2
TOTAL 10

GCSE CHEMISTRY

THE PERIODIC TABLE

ANSWERS AND MARK SCHEMES

QUESTIONSHEET 19

(c)

(ii)

expensive/copper compounds are poisonous

(iii)

good conductor of electricity

ductile/high tensile strength

1
1

(iv)

cars: strong/high tensile strength/(relatively) cheap

planes: high density

(i)

speeds up a reaction

(ii)

with transition elements

(i)

positive/cation

(ii)

Cu2+

C or E
F or A
A
D
D
G
E

he

I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII

ww
w.c

(i)

e.c

Fe3+

QUESTIONSHEET 20

om

Any two from:

high melting point
good conductors of heat
strong/high tensile strength

ctiv

(b)

(i)

ma

(a)

1
1
1
1
1
2

TOTAL 12

1
1
1
1
1
1
1

TOTAL 7