Design Of Clariflocculator

Clariflocculator

The coagulation & sedimentation processes are effectively incorporated in a single unit in the
Clariflocculator. Sometimes clarifier & Clariflocculator are designed as separate units.
All these units consists of 2 or 4 flocculating paddles placed equidistantly. These paddles rotate on their
vertical axis. The flocculating paddles may be of rotor-stator type. Rotating in opposite direction above the
vertical axis. The clarification unit outside the flocculation compartment is served by inwardly raking
rotating blades. The water mixed with chemical is fed in the flocculator compartment fitted with paddles
rotating at low speeds thus forming flocs.
The flocculated water passes out from the bottom of the flocculation tank to the clarifying zone through a
wide opening. The area of the opening being large enough to maintain a very low velocity. Under quiescent
conditions, in the annular setting zone the floc embedding the suspended particles settle to the bottom &
the clear effluent overflows into the peripheral launder.
Design Criteria : ( Flocculator )

Depth of Tank
Detention Time
Velocity of Flow
Total Area of Paddles
Range of peripheral velocities of blades
Velocity Gradient ( G )
Dimension Less Factor G t
Power Consumption
Outlet Velocity

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

3 to
30 to
0.2 to
10 to
0.2 to
10 to
10
10 to
0.15 to

4.5 m
60 min.
0.8 m / sec.
25
0.6 m / sec.
75
4
5
to 10
36 KW / MLD
0.25 m / sec.

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

40 m 3 / m 2 / Day
3 to 4.5 m
300 m 3 / m 2 / Day
25 %
1 in 12
or 8 % for mechanically cleaned tank
1.2 : 1 ( V : H )
1
45 to
80 min.
40

Design Criteria : ( Clarifier )

Assuming a Surface Overflow rate

Depth of Water
Weir Loading
Storage of Sludge
Floor Slope
Slope for Sludge Hopper
Scraper Velocity
Velocity of water at outlet chamber
Assumption

Average Outflow from clariflocculator

Water Lost in desludging

=
=

555.48 m 3 / hour
2%

Design Average Period

=
=
=
=
=

Detention Period
Average Value of Velocity Gradient

555.48 + 2 % of
555.48 + 11.11
566.59 m 3 / hour
30 min.
-1
30.0 sec

555.48

Design Of Influent Pipe

Discharge ( Q )
=
0.1543 m 3 / sec.
Assuming Velocity ( V ) = 1.0 m / sec.
Q A V A

Q4

Q
d2
V
4
V

Hence Diameter ( d ) =
Provide an influent pipes of

d V

0.1543 x 4 1/2
1
450 mm diameter.

= 0.4434 m

Design Of Flocculatior : Wall

Volume of flocculator =
Provide a Water Depth =
Plan Area of flocculator =

566.59 x 30
= 283.3 m
60
3.50 m
283.30
= 80.9 m
3.50

Diameter of Flocculator ( D )

A
d2 d
4

A 4

Diameter of Inlet Pipes ( D P )

Provide a Tank Diameter of 10.20 m

80.94 x 4

0.45 m

1/2

= 10.15 m

Say 10.20 m

Dimension Of Paddles :
Here :

P G V
2

= 30 x 30 x

P =
Power dissipated in watts i.e.
N.m / s
= Absolute or Dynamic Viscosity of Raw Water in N.s
2
/m
G = Temporal Mean Velocity Gradient in ( sec -1 )
V = Volume of raw water to which P is applied in m 3
= ( / 4 ) x ( 10.2 x 10.2 ) x 3.5 =
285.85 m
0.89
1000

x 285.85

228.97

1
C d AP v 3
2

Power Input =
Cd =

1.8

= 995 Kg / m 3 ( 25 0 C )
v = Velocity of tip of blade = 0.4 m / sec.
= Velocity of water tip of blade = ( 0.25 x 0.4 ) =

0.1 m / sec.

228.97

= ( 1 / 2 ) x 1.8 x 995 x ( 0.4 - 0.1 ) 3 x A P

AP =
9.470 m

Ratio of Paddles to C / S of Flocculator

( A P ) x ( 10.2 - 0.75 ) x 3.5 x 100 =
9.47 /
9.11
( 10.0 to 25 % )
Provide A P =
10.5 m
AP=
x ( 10.2 - 0.75 ) x 3.5 x 100 =
10.5 /
10.12 %
( Which is Acceptable, hence O.K. )
Provide 5 nos.
of paddles
3.5 m height 0.7
1 ( One )
Shaft will support
5 Paddles.
The Paddles will rotate at an rpm of 4
V= 2xxrxN
= 2 x 3.14 x r x ( 4 / 60 ) = 0.4
60
0.955 m Say 1 m
r=
r = Distance of Paddle from C 1 of vertical shaft.
Let velocity of water below the partition wall between the flocculator & clarifier be
0.3 m / sec.
Area =
555.48 /
0.3 x 60 x 60
= 0.514 m
Depth below partition Wall =
0.51 /
(x
10.20 )
=
0.016 m
25
( 0.25 x 3.5 ) =
0.875 m
Provide Slope for Bottom =
8%
Total Depth of Tank at Partition Wall =
=

0.29 say ( 0.3 + 3.5 + 0.016 + 0.875 )

4.691 m say 4.7 m

Design Of Clarifier

Assuming a Surface Overflow rate

Surface Of Clariflocculator

=
=

Diametre of Clariflocculator
2
x ( D cf - 10.20 x 10.20 )
4

40 m 3 / m 2 / Day
555.48 x 24
= 333.29 m
40

D cf =

= 333.29

1333.152 + 104.04 1/2

= 22.992 m
Say 23 m
Length of Weir
= ( 3.14 x 23 ) =
= x D cf
72.22 m
Weir Loading
= 555.48 x 24
= 184.60 m 3 / Day / m
72.22
According to manual of govt. of india, if it is well clarifier, then it can be exceed upto
1500
D cf

Summary
S.No.
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11

Particulars
Detention Period
Diameter Of Influent Pipes
Overall Depth of Flocculator
Diameter of Tank
No. of Paddles
Distance of Shaft from C.L. of Flocculator
Paddles Rotation (RPM)
Distance of Paddle from C.L. of vertical Shaft
Slope of Bottom ( % )
Total Depth of Partition Wall
Diameter of Clariflocculator

Values
30 min.
0.45 m
3.5 m
10.20 m
5 nos.
4
1.0 m
8%
4.7 m
23.0 m