Bridge Engineering

group Assignment -1
: Influence line
diagram
GROUP MEMBERS
AMANUEL MULUGETA
MASTEWAL BITEW
ZENEBE KEBEDE
BANTU ELLY

Influence line diagram for Reaction at A

Lets first determine the indeterminacy of the structure
A structure is determinate if NR<NE; and not if NR>NE.
Their fore, the structure is indeterminate structure, with one Degree of
indeterminacy
NR=4 and NE=3
To determine the influence line diagram we shall use the Maxwells
reciprocal theorem,
Yxa
Ra= Yaa
Where,
YXA= The deflection at the support A because of load application at any
distance X.
YAA= The deflection at the support A because of the load application at A
And we know that RB = 2 and RC = 1
Now lest calculate the values of YAA & YXA, using the moment deflection
method.

EI

2 y
x 2 = -1x

EI

y x2
=
+C1
x
2

EIy=

x 3
+ C1 x+C 2
6

Lets calculate the and find the value of the constants C1 & C2

At x= 14; y=0

At x= 28; y=0

0=

;
143
+C1 14+C
6
2

0=

283
+ C 1 28+C
6

14 3
=C1 14+C
6
2

28 3
=C 1 28+C
6

Solving the for the above equations we get

C1=228.7 & C2=-2744.5
Substituting C1 & C2
x 3
EIy=
+ 228.7 x2774.5

6
At x= 0;
EI y AA=

Y=YAA
03
+ 228.7 ( 0 )2774.5
6

y AA=2774.5
At X=x;
EIy=

Y=YXA

x 3
+ 228.7 x2774.5
6

For influence line we are taking the value of X as a function of 0.1L

The following table shows at each 0.1L interval for the whole 28m beam and
gives the reaction at A for each interval.

Interval (a)

Interval(x)

YXA

YAA

-2774.5

0.1

2.8

-2137.8

0.77

0.2

5.6

-1523.0

0.54

0.3

8.4

-952.2

0.34

0.4

11.2

-447.2

0.16

0.5

14

-30.0

0.00

0.6

16.8

277.3

-0.10

0.7

19.6

453.0

-0.16

0.8

22.4

475.1

-0.17

0.9

25.2

321.5

-0.11

1.0

28

-29.5

0.00

14

-1

Influence line diagram for reaction A

Calculating influence line for bending moment at D (i.e. we

took point D, because its not specified at which point we
should do the influence line.)

28

i.e point D be at the center of beam segment BC

Again, lets use the Maxwells reciprocal method to find the bending
moment at point D when the load is moving from point A to point C.
The formula is as follows:
Y'
M D = XD
DD
Where;
Y ' XD = Deflection at any section X due to unit couple at D.
DD = Rotation at D due to unit couple at D.
Step-1: Finding Reactions
Lets consider the equilibrium of the portion to the right of D.
M D =0=R C ( 7 )1
RC =

1
7

Lets consider the equilibrium of the portion to the left of D, segment

AD.
M D =0=R A ( 21 )+ RB +1
R A ( 21 )=R B ( 7 ) +1
Now consider the whole beam
F y =0
R A + RC =RB
1
R A + =R B
7
Solving for the above equations we get the

RB =

1
7

RA=

1
7

Rc =

2
7
Y ' XD DD

Step 2: Formulating
For span AD
EI

+(x-14)

EI

2 y x
=
x2 7

( x14)
y x
=
+C1 +
x 14
2

EIy=

( x 14)
x 3
+ C1 x+C 2 +
42
6

At X=0

Y=0

At X=14

Y=0

C2=0

14
EIy=0=
+C 1 14 +C2
42
C1=4.67
Hence, The slope and deflection equation for span AD are:
2

EI

( x14 )
y x
=
+4.67 +
Eq.1
x 14
2
3

EIy=

(x 14)
x 3
+ 4.67 x +
Eq .2
42
6
3

at x=21

EIy=

21
+4.67 ( 21 ) +57.17=65.26
42

For span DC
X is measured from D to the right

The shear force near D is

1
7

because it will be the opposite of Rc.

2 y 1
EI
= x1
x2 7
EI

y x2
= x +C 1
x 14

EIy=

x3 x2
+C1 x+ C2
42 2

EIy=65.7

At x=0

C2 =65.26
EIy=0=

At x=7

73 7 2
+C 1 765.26
42 2

C1 =+ 11.7

Hence the slope & deflection equation will be:

2

y x
EI
= x +11.7 Eq .3
x 14
3

EIy=

x
x
+11.7 x65.26 Eq .4
42 2

Calculating DD
DD is calculated as the angel difference at point D, Mathematically:y
y

=
x DA x DC DD
2

( x14 )
y x2
We know that EI x = 14 +4.67 +
2

; for segment AD

EI

y x
= x +3.49 ; for segment DC
x 14
at x=21; from the right of A(segment DA)
( 2114 )2
y 212
=
+4.67 +
=2.33
x
14
2
At x=0; from the right of D (segment DC)
0 3 02
EIy= +11.7 ( 0 )65.26=+65.26
42 2
y
y
DD= x DA x DC =2.33( 65.26 )=67.59
Y ' XD

Calculating

The following table shows the value of

a
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.75
0.8
0.9
1

X
0
2.8
5.6
8.4
11.2
14
16.8
19.6
21
22.4
25.2
28

From D
1.4
4.2
7

Y ' XD

Y ' XD
0
12.55333
21.97067
25.116
18.85333
0.046667
-30.7813
-58.4733
-65.2633
-49.7947
-23.176
0.306667

MDD
0
-0.18573
-0.32506
-0.37159
-0.27894
-0.00069
0.455412
0.865118
0.965576
0.736717
0.342891
-0.00454

Therefor the influence line diagram will be

Influence line for bending moment at D

1

-1

28