TURING TEST (Artificial Intelligence Whether a Computer Can Think Like

Human Brain)
INTRODUCTION:
Artificial Intelligence is a combination of two little words that is Artificial and
Intelligence. Artificial is Non-natural or simulated. Intelligence is ability to understand,
think and learn. Combining these two aspects a system can be developed which has the
ability to understand and think. Artificial Intelligence basically is a study of how to make
system, which can think, behave and act exactly or better than what a human being can
act or react. Artificial systems or manmade systems are building intelligence into them.
Artificial Intelligence means having behavior which is like a human. This term was
coined by McCarthy in 1956. The base of Artificial Intelligence has evolved from four
basic subjects such as Psychology, Philosophy, Mathematics and Linguistic. The views of
Artificial Intelligence basically forced into four categories:
1. Thinking humanly: A system can be made which can think like human being. To
make efforts like a system can grasp information and process that information
what a human being can do.
2. Acting humanly: To develop a system which can act on the basis of the
information processing which can act like the human being on the availability of
the information which has been processed by system. In 1950s, Alan Turing
conducted a test called Turing Test. This test was meant to prove that a machine
can act humanly like the machine has ability to make almost 30 percent chance of
making fool a person up to five minutes like it can act like a human being.
3. Thinking Rationally: To develop a system which can think sensibly, which can
think wisely means which can think on the basis of available facts and on the
basis of available logics.
4. Acting Rationally: Systems that act rationally or systems that act in the best
possible manner. To develop a system which can act on the basis of available
facts.
TURING TEST:
Alan Turing considered by many to be the father of AI devised the Turing Test. In the
Turing Test this is the experimental set up that is devised. The TURING TEST was
designed as a behavioral way to judge whether or not a computer can think, as there is no
practical way of determining consciousness. If, through conversion, a computer can fool
an interrogator into thinking that it is human, then it has passed the test.
How It Works:
There will be a closed room and in this closed room there will be a being which may be a
computer and it may be a human. There is an interrogator outside the room. The
interrogator does not know whether the being inside the room is a computer or a human.
So what the interrogator does is that the interrogator asks the questions and the being
inside the room processes these questions and returns some answer and the interrogator
on the left room receives the answers on the screen. Now the interrogator has to make out
from the answers whether the being inside room whether it is a computer or human. Now,
if there is a computer inside the room the computer tries to convince the interrogator that
it is actually a human being in the way it answers to the questions and it is the task of the
interrogator to decide who is human.
THE TURING TEST: RESULT
If the interrogator cannot reliably distinguish between a human answerer and a computer
answerer then we can say that the computer system possesses Artificial Intelligence. This
is the test devised by Turing to find out whether the machine has been able to come up
with a right amount of intelligence to match human intelligence in answering questions.