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Prof. Gosney
Spring 2015
Homework #2
For Monday, January 26, 2015, read Chapters 4-5 (pages 53-98)
Chapter 4: Power Plants
Chapter 5: Environmental Impact of Power Plants
For Wednesday, January 28, 2015:
Chapter 4 Questions: 4.13, 4.14, 4.15, 4.16, 4.17, 4.18, 4.19, 4.20, 4.21, 4.34 (pages 86-87)
180
60 .5
= 94.25 m/s
Now, Pw = Pinp
Pin =
50
0.88
= 56.8 MW
Pc = 2 f (Vi Vc) Vc
Vi = Vc +
Pc
2 f V c
Vi = 94.25 +
56.8 10
3
2( 10)(10 )(94.25)
Vi = 124.4 m/s
FYI: 124.4 m/s x 3.28 f/m x 60 mph/88 f/s = 278.2 mph
4.14) the physical head of an impoundment power plant is 100m.
When the penstock is fully closed, the pressure at the outtake end
is 106 N/m2. When the penstock is fully open, the pressure is
reduced to 9X105 N/m2. Compute the effective head.
Solution:
h
H
=
Pr P r 0
h=
100 (9 x 105 )
106
h= 90m
Alternative solution (and better):
The actual pressure at the outtake end for 100 m of physical head
is 9.81 x 105 N/m2, rather than the 106 N/m2 reported in the
problem.
Consequently, when the penstock is full open and the pressure is
reduced to 9x105 N/m2, the effective head is:
H = Pr/g delta = (9x105 N/m2)/(9.81 m/s2*1000 kg/m3) = 91.74
meters.
4.15) a man owns a land that includes a low head water fall and
wants to build a small hydroelectric plant. The effective head of
r2 L
gh
t
( 0.52 ) ( 3 )
( 1000 )( 9.8 ) ( 20 )
=
2
= 230.91 kW
b.) Coefficient of performance= 0.95
Efficiency () = 90%
Pexpected = 0.9x0.95x230.91
= 197.43 kW
c.) Cost of building = $10M
Cost of Electricity = $0.2kWh
Assuming the water flow is constant,
10 10
0.2197.43 24 365
Payback period =
= 28.91
28 years
f =AVi
V i=
16.9
( 22 )
V i=1.34 m/ s
m 10 5
flow rate= =
=100 m 3 /sec
1000
5
b) power entering the tube=mgh=10 9.8 80=78.4 MW
c)
Pout =P h t g
Pout =78.4 0.95 0.9 0.92
Pout =61.67 MW
W =21096 kJ
ideal =
W 21080
=
=41.67
Q1 50592
ideal =
W 17918
=
=37.78
Q1 47430
254 1023
14
=8.19 10 J
9
31 10
6132043.8
100=99.92
61320
Total SO 2 leased=16.28 10 7 10
1.139 1011 kg of SO 2