THE ROLE OF CHEMIST IN SAVING

WORLDS FUTURE ENERGY

Presented by: Arie Hardian, S.Si., M.Si.

Education and Training Sains

Presentation Section
A look at my presentation agenda

Introduction
Education, Work Experience, &
Activites

Flash Back
Story of My Life with Chemistry UPI

Energy Issue
Energy stock v. energy consumption
rate, Indonesia Energy Outlook

Global Warming Issue

Green House Gases, short-term and
long-term impact

Alternative Energy
Definition, type of alternative energy,
theirs principle & potential

Role of Chemist
Role of Chemist in support
development of alternative energy

BioFuel
Source, principle, development,
potential, & role of chemist

Solar Cell
Source, principle, development,
potential, & role of chemist

Fuel Cell
Source, principle, development,
potential, & role of chemist

Others
Geothermal, Hydro Energy, Wind
Energy, Biomass, etc.

Work Opportunity
Related to the development of
alternative energy

Closing
Conclusion

Section End
A look at my presentation agenda

INTRODUCTION
Education, Work Experience, & Activites

Name
: Arie Hardian, S.Si., M.Si.
Place & Date of Birth : Bandung, 27 Juli 1987
Address
: Sarijadi, Bandung
E-mail
: arie.hardian@gmail.com

Education
S1: Chemistry, UPI, 2005-2009
S2: Chemistry, ITB, 2010-2012
S3: Chemistry, ITB, 2012-Now

Activity
Studying
Researching
Teaching
Writing

Work Experience
Private Teacher, Profesional, 2005-Now
Math Teacher, EduLab, 2009
MaPhyChe Teacher, Clinic Genius, 2010-2015
Technical Editor, ITB Journals, 2012-Now
Technical Editor, HKI Journals, 2015-Now
Academic Assistant, ITB, 2012-2013
Lecturer, Dept. of Chem., UNJANI, 2012-Now
MaPhyChe Teacher, Ganesa Operation, 2015-Now

Story of My Life
When I was undergraduate student @ Chemistry, UPI

SNMPTN

LKTM

Seleksi Nasional Masuk Perguruan Tinggi Negeri

Lomba Karya Tulis Mahasiswa tk. Universitas,

semifinalis SCHOMEP 2008, Finalis LKT-Djarum

Organisasi

Olimpiade

Anggota KSI Ketua KSI & Pengurus Inti HMK

Sekertaris EXPO Kimia 2008

10 besar OSN-Pertamina 2008, 9 besar ON-MIPA

2009

Beasiswa

PKM

Beasiswa DPU-DT, Beasiswa PPA, Beasiswa

Djarum Bakti Pendidikan

Program Kreatifitas Mahasiswa Penelitian, Gagasan

Tertulis, Artikel Ilmiah, PIMNAS

Karya Tulis
Selama di bangku Kuliah S1

1. Arie Hardian, Fahmi Aprianto, dan Nuri Purnamasari, 2007, PLA (Poly Lactic Acid) sebagai alternatif plastik
biodegradable. (Juara 5 LKTM Tingkat Universitas)

2. Arie Hardian, 2008, Pemanfaatan limbah kelapa sawit dalam pembuatan bioetanol sebagai aditif bahan
bakar pada bensin. (Finalis Regional LKT-Djarum Bakti Pendidikan)

3. Adam Nugraha dan Arie Hardian, 2008, Kristal cair ionik sebagai elektrolit pada baterai superkapasitor
terintegrasi nanokomposit kertas-Carbon Nano Tube. (10 besar SCHOMEP, Material Fair ITB)

4. Arie Hardian, 2009, Prospek aplikasi dan pengembangan sel surya tersentisisasi zat warna (DSSC) sebagai
sumber energi baru dan terbarukan Indonesia. (Juara Chemistry Award)

5. Ali Fachrurrozie, Isman Kurniawan, dan Arie Hardian, 2009, Potensi polimer poli vinil asetat (PVA) sebagai
teknologi alternatif untuk mencegah erosi tanah di Indonesia. (120 besar karya atraktif dan inovatif PKMGT)

10

39%

11

Electricity Generation in USA

In 2014, USA generated about 4,093 billion kWh
1.7%
27%
0.4%

19%

6%

Natural
Gas

Nuclear

Hydro

0.4%

7%
Biomass

Coal

0.4%

Other
Renewables

www.eia.gov

Geo
Thermal

Solar

Wind

<2%

Petroleum &
Other Gases

12

Permasalahan Energi Indonesia

Jumlah penduduk Indonesia meningkat rata-rata 1,51% sejak tahun 2000
Data Penduduk Indonesia tahun 2012 mencapai 245.000.000 jiwa.
Konsumsi energi final di Indonesia dari tahun 2000-2012 meningkat rata-rata 2,9% per tahun
Konsumsi energi final Indonesia tahun 2012 mencapai 1.079.000.000 SBM (Setara Barrel Minyak)

Realisasi subsidi energi selalu lebih besar dari anggaran yang dialokasikan
Masih banyak kendala dalam konversi BBM ke BBG maupun BBN mengingat kebutuhan energi selalu meningkat

Indonesia Energy Outlook 2014, BPPT

13

Konsumsi Energi Indonesia

Empat sektor utama energi (2012)

OTHER

Transportasi

Industri

28.8%

34.8%

Residen &
Komersial
34%

Indonesia Energy Outlook 2014, BPPT

Lainnya
2.4%

14

Perubahan Pola Penggunaan BBM

50%
42%
23%

37%

23%

7%
2%

Solar

Bensin

Avtur

Minyak
Tanah

Solar

Bensin
Tahun 2012

Tahun 2000

Indonesia Energy Outlook 2014, BPPT

Avtur

4%

Minyak
Tanah

Global Warming
Penyebab dan Dampak terhadap Lingkungan dan Manusia

16

Green House Effect

(Efek Rumah Kaca)

Efek Rumah Kaca

Alternative Energy
Definisi, Jenis, dan Perkembangannya

18

Alternative Energy
Alternative energy is any energy source that is an alternative to fossil fuel. These alternatives are intended to
address concerns about such fossil fuels.

BioFuel
Definisi, Prinsip Kerja, Sintesis, Potensi

20

What is BioFuel?
A biofuel is a fuel that is produced through contemporary biological processes, such as agriculture and anaerobic
digestion, rather than a fuel produced by geological processes such as those involved in the formation of fossil fuels, such
as coal and petroleum, from prehistoric biological matter. Biofuels can be derived directly from plants, or indirectly from
agricultural, commercial, domestic, and/or industrial wastes.

Bioethanol

Biodiesel

21

Bioethanol
Bioethanol is an alcohol made by fermentation, mostly from carbohydrates produced in sugar or starch crops such as
corn, sugarcane, or sweet sorghum. Cellulosic biomass, derived from non-food sources, such as trees and grasses, is also
being developed as a feedstock for ethanol production.
The French chemist, Henri Braconnot, was the first to discover that cellulose could be hydrolyzed into sugars by
treatment with sulfuric acid in 1819. The hydrolyzed sugar could then be processed to form ethanol through
fermentation.

Starch
Cellulosic biomass

22

Bioethanol Production

23

Bioethanol Production

24

Bioethanol Production

25

Bioethanol Production

26

Bioethanol Vs Gasoline

(+) Kandungan oksigen dalam etanol mampu menurunkan rasio air/fuel sekaligus meningkatkan sifat antiknocking
(high octane number)
(-) titik didih tinggi dan tekanan uap rendah menjadi masalah pada saat kondisi mesin dingin (~20C)

27

Biodiesel
Biodiesel refers to a vegetable oil - or animal fat-based diesel fuel consisting of long-chain alkyl (methyl, ethyl, or propyl)
esters. Biodiesel is typically made by chemically reacting lipids (e.g., vegetable oil, soybean oil, animal fat) with an alcohol
producing fatty acid esters.
Two chemists, E. Duffy and J. Patrick, are credited with first experimenting with transesterification using vegetable oils to
make soap in 1853, many years before the first diesel engine became functional. (Biodiesel Times, 2005). The resultant
biofuel by-product was later named biodiesel after a motor engine inventor.

28

Biodiesel Production

29

Biodiesel Production

30

Biodiesel Production

31

Biodiesel Production

32

Biodiesel from Algae

Solar Cell
Definisi, Prinsip Kerja, Produksi, Potensi, Perak Kimawan

34

Solar Cell
A solar cell, or photovoltaic cell, is an electrical device that converts the energy of light directly into electricity by the
photovoltaic effect, which is a physical and chemical phenomenon.

35

Solar Cell Work

36

Type of Solar Cell

Berdasarkan Material yang Digunakan
Perovskite Based
DSSC
Organic PV
CIS & CdTe
Amorphous-Si Based

Crystalline-Si Based

37

Dye Sensitized Solar Cell

This new class of advanced solar cell can be likened to
artificial photosynthesis due to the way in which it mimics
natures absorption of light energy.
Dye Sensitized solar cells (DSSC) were invented in 1991 by
Professor Michael Graetzel and Dr Brian ORegan at cole
Polytechnique Fdrale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
and is often referred to as the Gretzel cell, we call it GCell.

Fuel Cell
Definisi, Prinsip Kerja, Produksi, Potensi, Peran Kimiawan

39

Fuel Cell
Sel Bahan Bakar

A fuel cell is a device that converts the chemical

energy from a fuel into electricity through a
chemical reaction of positively charged hydrogen
ions with oxygen or another oxidizing agent. Fuel
cells are different from batteries in that they
require a continuous source of fuel and oxygen or
air to sustain the chemical reaction, whereas in a
battery the chemicals present in the battery react
with each other to generate an electromotive force
(emf). Fuel cells can produce electricity
continuously for as long as these inputs are
supplied.

40

41

Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

Challenge for Chemist

Tantangan dan Peluang Kerja

THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION !!!

44

Any Question ???

WHAT

WHY

WHERE

WHEN

WHO

HOW