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Organic molecules
For health, growth and reproduction
Source: DIETARY
Deficiency metabolic defect
o intake
o absorption
o production
Classified according to their solubility:
o Water-soluble
o Fat-soluble = ADEK
Water-soluble Vitamins
Vitamin Name
B
B1
Thiamine
Brain function
*HPLC
common in
pregnancy
Food
Sources
Deficiency
Diagnosis
Yeast,
Legumes,
Enriched
Gram
Products &
Pork
Beri-beri
Clinical
evaluation,
confirmed
w/
therapeutic
response to
thiamine
administrati
on
B2
Riboflavin
Part of cofactor
FAD (flavin
adenine
dinucleotide)
Yeasts, Meats,
Legumes, Milk
B3
Niacin or
Part of cofactor
of NAD &
NADP+
Part of
coenzyme A
Liver, Yeast,
Milk, Meats,
Whole grain
Widely
distributed
Nicotinic Acid
B4
Pantothenic
acid
B5
Biotin
B6
Pyridoxine
Tissue source:
liver, adrenals,
kidney, brain
heart, testes
coenzyme
Cofactor of
B9 and
B12
Folic Acid
Cyabocobal
amin
Decarboxylase
Deaminase
transaminase
Associated w/
anemia
Widely
distributed
Widely
distributed in
foods
Folic acid:
green-leafy
vege
Cyabocobala
min: Meat
Scaly dermatitis
Glossitis
Hair loss
Aorexia
Depression
Hypercholesteronemi
a
Cheilosis
Angular stomatitis
Glossitis
Dermatitis
Polyneuritis
Anemia
Fat-soluble Vitamins
Vitami
n
Name
Retinol
Retinoic acid
Food
Sources
From dietary
sources retinyl
esters or from
metabolism of
dietary
carotenoids
(provitamin A)
primarily carotene
Deficiency
Animal
products,
pigmented
fruits and
veggie
(carotenoids)
irradiated
foods,
commercially
prepared
milk
Rickets (young)
Osteomalacia
(adult)
Mild hemolytic
anemia (newborn)
RBC fragility
Ataxia
Night blindness
(Nyctalopia)
Growth retardation
Abnormal taste
response
Dermatitis
Recurrent infections
Stored in liver
Transported in
circulation
Cholecalcifer
ol
Tocopherol
Phytomenadi
one
Essential for
vision, cellular
differentiation,
growth,
reproduction,
and Immune
system fx
Proper skeleton
formation &
mineral
hoomeostasis
Antioxidant and
1 defense
against harmful
oxidations
Protect RBC
membrane from
oxidant stress
Formation of
Prothrombin and
at least 5 coag
proteins
F7,F9,F10,C,S
Small
amounts in
butter, egg
yolks, liver,
sardines,
herring, tuna,
and salmon
vegetable oil,
fresh leafy
vegetables,
egg
yolk,
legumes,
peanuts, and
margarine
cabbage,
cauliflower,
spinach and
other leafy
vegetables,
pork, liver,
soybeans,
and vegetable
oils
Hemorrhage (easy
bruising to massive
bruising, esp. posttraumatic bleeding
Diagnosis