1.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

2. GENERAL

3. BASIC PRINCIPLES HEALTH AND SAFETY LEGISLATION

4. DANGERS, RISKS AND PREVENTION

11

5. ACCIDENTS: CAUSES AND PREVENTION

20

6. SAFETY BEHAVIOUR

27

7. TASKS, RIGHTS, OBLIGATIONS AND DISCUSSION

35

8. PROCEDURES AND INSTRUCTIONS, SIGNALLING

49

9. PREPARATION FOR EMERGENCY SITUATIONS

59

10. DANGEROUS SUBSTANCES

63

11. FIRE AND EXPLOSION

77

12. WORK RESOURCES

86

13. SPECIFIC OPERATIONS AND CIRCUMSTANCES

100

14. ELECTRICITY AND RADIATION

113

15. ERGONOMIC WORKPLACE

122

16. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)

130

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 2 of 139

2. GENERAL
2.1 Introduction
This document describes the content of the PlusPort VCA training. It is based on the
objectives of the Stichting Samenwerken Voor Veiligheid (SSVV) and contains the most
recent changes until April 2012. It is part of the PlusPort VCA training package and is
available as a reference work in the complete package:

The interactive e-learning training with sound, questions and exercises;

The tests of knowledge of the material with feedback;
The test final exams;
VCA Handbook.

This document contains copyrighted information from PlusPort B.V. This document may not
be reproduced or distributed without the written permission of an authorized PlusPort official.
PlusPort reserves the right to make changes to this document at any time.

2.2 About PlusPort

PlusPort is an organisation for digital learning via internet. PlusPort helps organisations with
solutions in the areas of training, testing and personal certification for, amongst others, VCA,
NEN 3140 Vakbekwaam Persoon, NEN 3140 Voldoende Onderricht Persoon, BHV, HACCP,
ATEX, Veilig werken aan de weg en het spoor, Sociale hygine and many more.
For more information see http://www.plusport.com.

2.3 About the Handbook

This handbook describes all the information for the exam subjects for Basic Safety VCA and
VOL-VCA.
All information concerning the VIL-VCU certificate is printed in italics in this handbook.

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 3 of 139

2.4 Contact
For extra information and/or questions about the VCA training you can contact:
PlusPort B.V.

Customer Support

SeaView Office

E-mail: customersupport@plusport.com

Gevers Deynootweg 61
2586 BJ s-Gravenhage
Netherlands

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 4 of 139

3. BASIC PRINCIPLES HEALTH AND SAFETY

LEGISLATION
The candidate can explain the ARBO concept

Working Conditions

The candidate can describe the goals of the H&S legislation

Protection when carrying out work

Improving health and safety of employees at work
The best possible working conditions

The candidate can describe what the H&S legislation is concerned with

The legislation describes the rights and obligations of both the employer and the
employee with regard to health and safety at work and the conditions in which work
is carried out

The candidate can name the places at which the H&S legislation is applicable

All the places where work is carried out

The candidate can name the persons for whom the H&S legislation is applicable

Employer
Employees (including temporary employees and similar, such as students at work,
volunteers)

The candidate can name the domains with which the H&S legislation is concerned

Safety
Health
Welfare

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 5 of 139

The candidate can describe the basic principles of the H&S legislation

Employer and employee have rights and obligations

The employer ensures the health and safety of employees with regard to all workconnected aspects and executes a policy for this
Work may not have a disadvantageous effect on the health and safety of employees
Prevention of risks
Support via expert persons or services
Informing and educating employees
Discussing and cooperating with the employees (representatives)
Different employers at one workplace work together and coordinate their
performance

3.1 The concept welfare

The candidate can name the various domains that welfare at work is concerned with

Work safety
Health: protecting the employees health at work
Psychosocial stress caused by the work
Ergonomics
Work hygiene
Embellishment of the workplaces
Environment: enterprise measures regarding environment (internal) in as far as they
affect the above points

The candidate can name the ways in which the employer must guarantee the H&S (the
welfare) of the employees

Design of the workplace must be adjusted to suit the employee

Personal factors of the employee such as age, sex, knowledge of the language used
and craftsmanship must be taken into account
It must be ensured that the employee can exercise influence over their own work
Avoid monotonous work

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 6 of 139

3.2 Expert support

The candidate can describe the way in which the employer is supported in the areas of
prevention and protection

The company takes on one or more experts

If the enterprise does not possess sufficient internal expertise, external support is
called in

The candidate can describe the function of expert persons or services in the areas of
prevention and testing

Supporting employer and employees in the application of H&S legislation

The candidate can describe the most important tasks of the expert persons or services in the
area of protection

Cooperation on risk inventory and evaluation

Cooperation on accident and incident investigation
Advising and working with the employees (representatives)
Carrying out work medical examinations
Guidance for employees who, because of illness, are not able to carry out their work

The candidate can describe the purpose of health supervision

Suggest measures to prevent harm to health while carrying out work

Prevention and timely tracing of professional illness

The candidate can describe which duty the employer has with regard to health supervision

Periodically give employees the opportunity to be examined to prevent and limit

health risks

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 7 of 139

3.3 Care of persons other than employees

The candidate can name persons for whom the employer is required to take effective
measures to avoid risks as far as possible

Employees of other employers who are at the workplace

Suppliers, visitors, patients etc.
Neighbours

3.4 Supervision of H&S Legislation

The candidate can describe the authority of the inspection services

Supervising compliance with Health and Safety legislation

Start an investigation in response to an accident
Ask employees for valid identification
Make demands regarding the means of compliance with the Health and Safety
legislation
Call a work stop if there is serious danger to persons
Formulate a summons in response to a punishable offence

The candidate can describe the general rule regarding responsibility

The employer who gives instructions, supervises and issues resources, is also
responsible for compliance with the H&S legislation

The candidate can name which sanctioning possibilities the Government Inspectorate for
Health and Safety has

Formulate a fine report in response to a fineable offence by the employer

Formulate a fine report in response to a fineable offence by the employee

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 8 of 139

3.5 Basic principles environment legislation

The candidate can describe the goals of the environment legislation

Protecting persons and environment against harmful effects of activities

Limiting emissions and waste streams
Ensuring an efficient and correct disposal of waste substances

The candidate can describe which elements the company and employees must influence to
achieve the goals of the environment legislation

Adjusting production processes

Limiting emissions
Limiting and separating waste streams
Use energy sparingly and efficiently
Use natural resources sparingly and efficiently

3.6 Basic principles working times legislation

The candidate can describe the goals of legislation with regard to working times

Defining maximum work times and minimum rest times to prevent danger to health
and safety
Promoting the combination of work and care tasks / family

The candidate can describe the basic principles of working times legislation

Taking the employees personal situation into account

Relationship with Health and Safety policy

The candidate can name the persons for whom the working times legislation is applicable

All employees below a certain salary level

3.7 Basic principles temporary work legislation

The candidate can describe the goals of legislation regarding temporary work

Ensuring that temporary employees, with regard to health and safety at work, enjoy
the same degree of protection as the other employees who work for the temporary
employer

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 9 of 139

The candidate can say who is responsible for health and safety of the temporary employee
during work

The temporary employer

The candidate can say who is responsible for generally informing the temporary employee

Temporary employer and temporary employment agency have a shared duty of

informing the temporary employee; the temporary employment agency must supply
the temporary employee with information about the workplace and function
requirements

The candidate can say who, with temporary work, is responsible for specific information and
instruction of the temporary employee

The operational manager of the temporary employer takes care of specific

information and instruction of the temporary employee

3.8 European Guidelines in relation to National legislation

The candidate can describe the relationship between European guidelines and National
legislation

A European guideline must, within a certain period, be converted into national

legislation

The candidate knows the principles of the application of CE-marking

CE-marking must be applied by the manufacturer or importer

The CE-marking may only be applied on the basis of a technical dossier and
declaration of compliance, in which the manufacturer or importer confirms that his
product meets the safety requirements of the guideline

Design of the CE-marking

CE-marking applied to a product means that one may assume that the product (e.g.
work resource, machines, PPE) meets the relevant European Guideline with regard to
safety

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 10 of 139

4. DANGERS, RISKS AND PREVENTION

4.1 Concepts: danger and risk
The candidate can describe the concept of danger

Characteristic of a substance or product that can cause an accident

Situation that can cause an accident

The candidate can describe the concept of risk

Risk= chance x effect

The risk is determined by the size of the chance that a danger will cause an accident
The risk is determined by the size of the damage (the consequence)

4.2 Recognising risks and dangers

The candidate can name several dangers at work

Height (Falling )
Fire
Explosion
Poisonous substances
Noise
Radiation
Moving parts (e.g. being caught or hit)
Falling objects, loads
Vehicles, traffic

The candidate can name possible sources of danger at work

Sort of work
Workplace or surroundings of the workplace
Work resources
Products, materials worked with
Behaviour of the employee
Competency

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 11 of 139

The candidate can name work or circumstances at work that can contain danger and risks

Working with dangerous substances

Working with dangerous tools / machines
Working with high pressure
Working with radiation sources
Digging work
Working with electricity
Working in the cold
Working in heat
Working in a noisy environment
Working at heights

The candidate can name factors that increase risks in connection with the workplace and the
workplace surroundings

Untidy workplace
Too much or too little light
Vibrations
Weather conditions
Dust or contaminated air
Working close to radiation sources
Traffic in the surroundings
Working in a confined space
Working at heights
Workplace difficult to access
Workplace with little room for movement
Workplace with few escape routes
Dangerous work in the surroundings
Complexity

4.3 Prevention hierarchy

The candidate can describe the concept of prevention

Preventing an increase of risk

Take measures to reduce risk
Preventing accidents
Preventing harm to health
Preventing harm to the environment

The candidate can name sorts of prevention measures and the order in which they are taken

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 12 of 139

Firstly, measures aimed at the source: eliminating dangers, removing causes,

prevention, choose other, safer work methods
Secondly, limiting or reducing the risk: collective protection and security, suitable
work methods and work resources
Thirdly, if risks still exist: personal protective equipment
Guidance measures: 1. Education, information, instruction 2. Signalling, warning,
labelling 3. Reducing exposure duration, frequency, intensity, number of persons
Organisational measures: Reducing exposure duration, frequency, intensity, number
of persons

The candidate can describe the way in which prevention is dealt with in practice

Prevention of unsafe operations and unsafe situations

The candidate can describe the concept unsafe operation

An unsafe operation is an operation that is not carried out according to the safety
regulations and that can lead to an accident

The candidate can describe the concept unsafe situation

An unsafe situation is a situation where work is done without the conditions for safe
work being met and that can lead to an accident

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 13 of 139

The candidate can name examples of unsafe operations

Working without a permit or permission in situations where this is required

Not using the required personal protective equipment
Turning security measures off
Incorrect use of tools
Using broken tools
Moving a load incorrectly

The candidate can name examples of unsafe situations

No or insufficient lighting
No or blocked escape routes
Untidy work floors
Not or insufficiently secured equipment or machines

The candidate can name the ways in which unsafe situations can be dealt with

Removing the cause

Screening off / securing
Warning
Bring in others

The candidate can describe the way in which action must be taken if there are unsafe
operations

Report to direct manager

Stop the operation or have it stopped

4.4 Risk control and executing policy

The candidate can describe the purpose of a risk control policy

The planning of prevention and making it possible to carry out H&S at work

The candidate can describe the various steps of a Risk Inventory and Evaluation

1. Identification of dangers
2. Taking inventory of risks
3. Evaluating the risks

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 14 of 139

The candidate can describe the parts of the risk control system

Planning of the policy (methods, task distribution)

Carrying out the policy
Evaluating and adjusting the policy
Effects of the policy (goals and resources) on the basis of a RI&E: Risk-Inventory and
Evaluation

4.5 (task-) Risk Analysis and LMRA

The candidate can describe the concept (task-) risk-analysis

An analysis of the dangers connected to carrying out risky tasks with regard to the
health and safety of employees

The candidate can describe the purpose of a (task-) risk-analysis

The analysis and evaluation of risks to agree on control measures for the execution
of a (risky) task or a task in a risky environment

The candidate can name situations in which it can be necessary to carry out a (task-) riskanalysis
For carrying out tasks and operations for which there are no procedures
Before starting new projects
When purchasing new machines
For building or renovation
When setting up and evaluating procedures
If a requirement of the permit system
When taking on a young person, student at work or temporary employee

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 15 of 139

The candidate can name situations in which a (task-) risk-analysis must be adjusted

The work plan is found to be impractical

The correct tools or resources are not available
The installation is no longer pressure/gas free or free of voltage
Work conditions have changed

The candidate can name the points of attention of the LMRA (Last Minute Risk Analysis)

Before commencing operations or a new task

When the working conditions change
Also for routine operations
Do it yourself

4.6 H&S action Plan

The candidate can describe the concept of a yearly action plan

A written plan for improving working conditions

The candidate can describe the contents of a yearly action plan

Goals to be achieved
Concrete prevention measures
Resources to be used (organisational, financial, material)
Task distribution

4.7 Communication of risks and control measures to the work floor

The candidate can name the general guidelines regarding the communication of risks and
control measures

Before commencing operations

Preferably to be done at the workplace

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 16 of 139

The candidate can name methods of communication regarding risks and control measures

Meeting with employers and contractors

Discussion manager and operational employees
When changing shifts
HS-meeting (toolbox meeting) with operational employees

The candidate can describe general guidelines regarding communication about risks and
control measures to temporary employees

General basic information about risks at the introduction/reception of the temporary

employee by the inter-agent:
- about the activities and circumstances
- about the function and the workplace

Specific workplace related:

- at the introduction/reception of the temporary employee by the temporary
employer
- preferably at the workplace
- before commencing operations

4.8 Safety aspects in the work preparation

The candidate can describe the purpose of the work preparation

Establishing a way of working that is safe and causes no harm to health

The candidate can name the elements that must be examined during the work preparation
to enable the work to be done safely

Time planning for the total work

The order in which the operations can be performed safely
Which materials, tools and machines are needed to do the work safely
The necessary time and measures to carry out the work in a safe and healthy manner

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 17 of 139

4.9 Risky operations

The candidate can describe what risky operations are

Operations in a risky environment

Carrying out risky tasks

The candidate can describe when a task is considered risky

Within the enterprise, risky tasks are established on the basis of the RI&E and the
(task-) risk-analysis

The candidate can describe the rules of behaviour that apply before commencing risky work

Availability and knowledge of the work permit

Availability and knowledge of the (T)RA
Refer to precautionary measures in the employers company regulations
Only commence work when all conditions have been met
Carrying out a last minute risk analysis (LMRA)

The candidate can name the rules of behaviour for deviations from the work plan

Stop operations
Adjust the (task-)risk-analysis and discuss it with all concerned
Discuss the adjusted (task-)risk-analysis with the responsible supervisor and/or
employer and possibly with the prevention employee / safety expert

The candidate can name the rules of behaviour for the manager during the execution of risky
operations

Regular checks that the work is being carried out according to the agreements made
Make use of the agreed control measures
Be sufficiently present
Intervene if there is deviation from the agreements made

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 18 of 139

The candidate can describe the approach for the inter-agent in connection with temporary
work involving risky tasks:

Information to the temporary employee about the risky tasks

Agree with the temporary employer how the temporary employee will be informed
(instructions, training, tests etc.)

The candidate can describe the conditions under which there may be deviation from the
originally agreed tasks for the temporary employee

Information beforehand from the employment agency and the temporary employee
Description of specific extra prevention measures
Agreement about who informs, instructs and issues protection resources to the
temporary employee

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 19 of 139

5. ACCIDENTS: CAUSES AND PREVENTION

5.1 Concepts
The candidate can describe the concept accident

Undesired event resulting in damage (to material, environment or regarding time

lost) and/or injury

The candidate can describe the concept near-accident

Undesired event without damage or injury, that under other circumstances could
have led to damage or injury

The candidate can describe the concept incident

Undesired event with or without damage or injury

5.2 Accident theory

The candidate can name the two direct causes of an accident or incident

Unsafe operations
Unsafe situation

The candidate can name the progressive phases of the causes and effects series

1. Background (organisation)
2. Human failure
3. Unsafe operations and/or situations
4. Accident
5. Injury and/or damage

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 20 of 139

The candidate can describe the possible points for attention from the causes and effects
series for the policy needed to reduce the number of accidents

An accident is the result of various causes

The causes can originate from different levels in the company (such as management,
direct management, operational)
The policy to be carried out must therefore be aimed at the different levels

The candidate can describe the accident pyramid

many risky situations and operations can eventually lead to an accident with very
serious injury or a fatal accident

The candidate can name the factors that affect human failure

Person-related factors
Task-related factors

The candidate can name examples of person-related factors that could lead to an incident

Insufficient knowledge
Insufficient experience
Insufficient motivation
Insufficient attention

The candidate can name examples of task-related factors that could lead to an incident

Insufficient and/or incorrect management and supervision

Incorrect work method
Getting insufficient time for the work
Unavailability of necessary equipment or tools
Poor maintenance of tools or equipment

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 21 of 139

The candidate can describe the concept lack of control

Insufficient activities aimed at preventing undesired events

Insufficient guidelines for prevention or repression
Not following guidelines

The candidate can describe the consequences of the accident pyramid for the policy to be
executed to reduce the number of accidents

Preventing and combating ALL unsafe operations and ALL unsafe situations leads to
fewer accidents

The candidate can describe the possible action points for the directors that come from the
accident theory

Establishing a (multi-year) plan for improving working conditions

Delegating tasks and authorities to departments and employees in the company
Ensuring good organisation of the working conditions policy
Ensuring a good discussion structure about working conditions and responsibilities
Translating the working conditions policy into procedures and regulations
Ensuring sufficient training and instruction

The candidate can describe the possible action points for operational managers that come
from the accident theory

Supervising compliance with procedures and regulations

Carrying out periodic inspections
Giving instruction and training about health risks at work
Systematic reporting of accidents
Planned approach for unsafe operations and situations
Discussing problems and complaints with regard to working conditions policy during
departmental and work discussions
Regular evaluation of results of improvements carried out in regard to unsafe
operations and situations

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 22 of 139

5.3 Accident prevention

The candidate can describe preventative measures regarding the aspects: the person, the
organisation, the technique and the environment
The candidate can name the aspects at which prevention is aimed

The person
The organisation
The technique
The environment

The candidate can give an example of a preventative measure regarding the person aspect

Acquire knowledge
Possess competence
Behaviour, e.g. concentrated work, tidy workplace

The candidate can give an example of a preventative measure regarding the organisation
aspect

Effective work methods

Supervision by managers

The candidate can give an example of a preventative measure regarding the technique
aspect

Use machines with a safe technical design (CE-marking)

Maintenance of tools
Ergonomic design

The candidate can give an example of a preventative measure regarding the environment
aspect

Safe layout of the workplace that offers optimum protection against environmental
stress

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 23 of 139

5.4 Dealing with incidents

The candidate can name the steps necessary to avoid repetition of accidents

Act immediately
Report
Register
Investigate
Action plan (plan of attack)

The candidate can describe how to act in the case of accidents

The accident must be reported to the direct manager

Accompanying the victim to the medical service
Immediate measures to avoid repetition
Follow internal instructions

The candidate can describe how to act in the case of incidents, near-accidents, unsafe
situations and operations

Take immediate measures (mark situations / stop operations)

Report to the manager

5.5 Registering incidents

The candidate can describe why accidents, near-accidents, unsafe situations and operations
must be registered on a registration form

Recording data for the company policy

Learning from mistakes and taking measures to avoid repetition
Complying with the legal requirements in that area

The candidate knows how incidents and accidents must be registered

All incidents (accidents and near-accidents) must be registered

On a registration form

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 24 of 139

5.6 Accident investigation

The candidate can name the purpose of the accident investigation

Finding out which factors caused the accident, to formulate suggestions for
preventing similar accidents in the future

The candidate can name the basic elements of a good accident investigation

Investigate at the location of the accident

Gather facts and data that led to the accident
Interview those concerned and witnesses
Analysis of investigation results
Final report with recommendations/action points for avoiding repetition

The candidate can describe points of attention for the investigation at the location of the
accident

As quickly as possible
Make sketches and drawings
Documents present
Look at unusual circumstances, for example the weather

The candidate can describe points of attention for gathering facts and data that led to the
accident

Take samples at the location of the accident

Store the gathered material in a suitable place
Record how and where the material was obtained

The candidate can describe points of attention for interviewing those concerned and
witnesses

Record who must be interviewed

Interview every victim and the witnesses
Avoid distortion of witness information
Look for causes and not guilty parties
Record the witness statements
Give feedback to the witnesses

The candidate can describe the points of attention for the final report

Description, facts and data

Analysis

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 25 of 139

Specific recommendations to avoid repetition

The "Verbetering Poortwachter" legislation has the goal of improving the chances of re-integration of
sick employees within or external to the organisation. The obligations of the employment agency in
regard to this law are:

A plan of attack for re-integration of the sick employee is set up and executed based
on the problem analysis of the Work Inspectorate
If the employment agency is negligent with regard to the plan of attack, the
continued payment of salary can be extended by 1 year

The hiring company is obliged to report work accidents concerning temporary employees to the
Government Inspection Service for Health and Safety (formerly the Work Inspectorate).

5.7 Action plan (plan of attack)

The candidate can describe the concept action plan (plan of attack)

Written report of the results of Risk Inventory and Evaluation or Task Risk Analysis
and the measures that the work floor will take

The candidate can describe the purpose of the action plan (plan of attack)

Ensuring that the results of the investigation (TRA) lead to the execution of effective
measures
Ensuring that repetition of incidents is avoided

The candidate can describe the contents of the action plan (plan of attack)

The measures to be taken

Resources and people to be used and possibly the costs
Term for execution
Person responsible for execution
Follow-up
Evaluation of measures

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 26 of 139

6. SAFETY BEHAVIOUR
6.1 Behaviour and safety
The candidate can describe why taking advantage of behaviour must be a part of HSM policy

Behaviour or acceptance of behaviour is an important cause of accidents

After policy aimed at technique and organisation, behaviour takes advantage of the
human factor

The candidate can name causes of unsafe behaviour

Tolerance of offences, lack of leadership

Lack of knowledge /information (= not knowing)
Wrong way of doing task (lack of competence = not being able)
Reluctance (= not wanting to)
Conflicting goals/assignments
Missing example function

The candidate can name elements of policy that influence human behaviour so that work is
done safely

Policy aimed at better safety performance

Clearly formulated assignment
Clarity about desired and undesired behaviour
Clarity about the priority of working safely
Sanction- and reward policy
Communication- and awareness campaigns

The candidate can describe why the role of the manger is important for human behaviour

Manager determines the way of working

Manager supervises
Manager has the necessary knowledge about employees, the work and the
circumstances

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 27 of 139

The candidate can name elements of the organisation that influence human behaviour so
that work is done safely
Structured discussions
Safety behaviour observations
The right man at the right place
A good reception/introduction
Deal with questions and complaints adequately
Ensuring the right primary facilities such as: sanitary, canteen

The candidate can describe general rules of behaviour for working safely

Employees keep to the safety regulations

Employees speak to each other about unsafe operations
Employees intervene immediately in unsafe situations
Employees ask questions in unclear situations
Setting a good example
React consistently
Supervise and correct
Also be critical of yourself
Obtain advice in unclear situations
Take into account employees opinions, suggestions, wishes and advice
Give employees clear and convincing instructions (how and why)

The candidate can name behaviour that promotes safety

Ensuring your own health and safety, and that of other persons involved
A positive attitude
Keeping to the safety regulations and following pointers and instructions
Speaking to other employees about unsafe operations
Reporting unsafe situations and incidents and intervening in a suitable manner
Paying attention to personal hygiene, neatness and tidiness

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 28 of 139

The candidate can describe the negative effects of alcohol- and/or drugs use on working
safely
Reduced alertness
Reduced or problematic functioning
Reduced ability to evaluate situations
Lowered threshold for unacceptable behaviour
Over estimating own possibilities
Increased work pressure on colleagues and disturbance of the work organisation

The candidate can describe the behaviour that is expected with regard to alcohol- and/or
drugs use to be able to work safely

Abstain from alcohol- and drugs use during work being under influence at work
Report occasional problematic use to the manager and avoid dangerous operations
or work that could present a danger to others
Seek help for chronic problematic use

6.2 Influencing behaviour

The candidate can name the basic principles for influencing behaviour to reduce accidents

Stimulate safe behaviour

Curb unsafe behaviour

The candidate can describe two strategies for stimulating safe behaviour

Emphasise the success of safe behaviour

Reduce the disadvantages of safe behaviour

The candidate can describe two strategies for curbing unsafe behaviour

Clarify the consequences of unsafe work

Make unsafe behaviour more difficult

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 29 of 139

The candidate can describe ways to emphasise the success of safe behaviour
Regularly discuss safety subjects in a positive way
Give employees clear and convincing instructions
Evaluate employees safe behaviour positively
Set a good example
See working safely as good craftsmanship

The candidate can describe ways of reducing the disadvantages of safe behaviour

Ensure realistic safety regulations

Ensure good accessibility of safety facilities
Ensure comfortable personal protective equipment
Ensure sufficient time to be able to work safely

The candidate can describe ways of clarifying the consequences of unsafe work

Supply information about the dangers

Show and discuss accidents and their consequences
Give instruction on avoiding unsafe operations and unsafe situations

The candidate can describe ways to make the possibility of unsafe behaviour more difficult

Fit guards and barriers

Ensure that equipment will only work when the associated safety devices are used
Remove bad tools and materials
Impose sanctions on unsafe behaviour

The candidate can name advantages of safety behaviour observation rounds

Safety behaviour observation rounds increase safety awareness and give a good
insight into the safety situation at the workplace

The tasks of the consultant to promote safe working and improve the mentality of temporary
employees are:
Promotion:
A correct selection with regard to the requirements of the temporary employer, the task content
and the capacities and experience of the temporary employee
Verification of the basic health and safety knowledge of the temporary employee (e.g. Basic
Safety VCA)
Evaluation of the temporary employee on completion of the task
Providing information to the temporary employee about the necessity, advantages and
importance of safe working
Mentality

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 30 of 139

Strive to obtain as much insight as possible into the nature and capacities of the temporary
employee
Do not give the temporary employee task that are above or below their capacity
Take into account the opinions, suggestions, wishes and advice of the temporary employee
himself
Check for possible negative work experiences
Let the temporary employee know what you and the employer think of him, including
achievements in the area of safety
Evaluate the temporary employee as objectively as possible
Ensure, when correcting, that the temporary employee is not degraded in his value as a
professional or person
Ensure a healthy dose of self-criticism
Avoid emotional situations as far as possible
As consultant, do not be bossy
Strive to listen to what others have to say to you

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 31 of 139

The candidate can describe guidelines that must be followed during safety behaviour
observation rounds
Make sure you have enough time
Clarify your intentions
Observe one person at a time, never a whole group together
Ask if you may carry out a safety behaviour observation round
Observe the operations and pay particular attention to the safety aspects
Check whether the procedures and regulations are being followed
Where your presence changes the approach to work, say something about it
Make note
Dont just watch, but listen, interview, give advice and make agreements
Inform the persons concerned of the positive and negative safety aspects you have
observed
Communicate in such a way as to preserve the dignity of the employee

The candidate can name subjects that the safety behaviour observation can focus on

Use of PBM
Positioning of employees
Operations by employees
Use of tools and equipment
Neatness and tidiness
Application of procedures

The candidate can name the elements of a safety behaviour observation report

Findings
Was safe behaviour easy/difficult/impossible
Were observer and observed in agreement about safe behaviour

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 32 of 139

6.3 Neatness and tidiness (good housekeeping)

The candidate can describe the influence of neatness and tidiness on safe working

Prevention of incidents
Prevention of contamination, environmental damage
Higher efficiency, time advantage
More pleasant work environment, positive influence on motivation and attitude
Prevent loss of tools and materials

The candidate can name examples of neatness and tidiness (good housekeeping)

Tidy up surroundings
Dispose of/store left-over materials
Storage system for tools and materials
Hang up cables (safety-hooks) or conceal them
Good layout of the workplace/yard

6.4 Stumbling, slipping or tripping

The candidate can name the causes of stumbling, slipping or tripping

Not smooth or lose ground

Small height difference
Larger height differences
Causes associated with the limitations of the human body, such as a high step
Loose tiles
Running
Slippery floors, waxed floors
Unsuitable footwear

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 33 of 139

The candidate can describe methods and measures to prevent the dangers of mis-stepping at
the source
Design: during design and preparation one must take care to avoid unsafe situations
Good housekeeping: ensure a neat and tidy workplace
Alter unsafe situations as quickly as possible
Pat attention when moving around on foot
Do not wear anything that could restrict your field of vision
Follow the provided roads and paths
Wear suitable footwear

The candidate can describe methods and measures to control the dangers of moving around
on foot

By separating person and danger with the help of physical barriers

Customised lighting

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 34 of 139

7. TASKS, RIGHTS, OBLIGATIONS AND

DISCUSSION
7.1 Tasks, rights and obligations employer and employee
The candidate can name the general obligations of the employer

Promote health and safety of the employees by executing a prevention policy

integrated into company policy
Planning of prevention and execution of policy with a system approach (setting up
and carrying out a global prevention plan and yearly action plan)
Carrying out a (written) risk analysis
Asking advice of experts (internal and external prevention service)
Enter discussions with the employees
Customise the work (workplace, work and production methods, work equipment) for
the employee
Limit risks as far as possible, taking into account technical developments
Limit risks of serious injury by taking material measures with priority over all other
measures
Ensure safe work resources
Give information about the dangers of the work and the measures that aim to
prevent or limit these dangers
Give the employees suitable training
Supply effective protection resources and make sure they are used
Issue suitable instructions to the employees
Establish guidance measures for a reasonable guarantee of compliance with these
instructions
Supply suitable safety and health signalling at work
Register, report and investigate accidents with and without work hinder
Arrange work accident insurance for all employees
Reporting and investigation of serious work accidents to the Government Inspection
Service for Health and Safety (formerly the Work Inspectorate)
Refrain from all acts of violence, bullying or undesired sexual behaviour at work
Ensure that the safest way of working is chosen
Reporting and investigation of serious work accidents to the work inspectorate
Take effective measures for help and evacuation if a calamity occurs
Supervise compliance with the instructions

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 35 of 139

Take the necessary measures to ensure health and safety of third parties at the
workplace
Ensure suitable reception, information, training and instruction

The candidate can name the authority to which serious work accidents are to be reported

Inspection Service for Health and Safety (formerly the Work Inspectorate)

The candidate can name the general obligations of the employee

Take care of your own safety and that of other persons involved
Use and care for personal protective equipment in the correct manner
Make correct use of machines, equipment, dangerous substances, transport
resources and other resources
Report accidents or near-accidents
Report serious and immediate danger to safety and health
Cooperate with the employer and the prevention service in the area of promoting
H&S at work
Contribute in a positive way to the prevention policy
Refrain from all acts of violence, bullying or undesired sexual behaviour at work
Follow training
Follow information
Follow instructions
Do not change or remove fitted security devices, and use them correctly
Report dangers to health and safety immediately to the manager

The candidate can name the employees general rights

Right to information and training

Right to stop work when there is a threat of serious danger to persons
Right to a safe and healthy work environment

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 36 of 139

The candidate can describe what he must do if there is serious or immediate danger

It must be a serious danger to persons, there must be an immediate threat, and it

must be reported immediately to the manager
The responsible person cannot act in a timely manner

The specific division of tasks, responsibilities and legal liability regarding health and safety for the
temporary employer and employment agency are:

Relationship between temporary employer, temporary employee and employment agency

The temporary employer ensures conforming with health and safety legislation
The employment agency has specific tasks: providing information to the temporary employee,
medical supervision

The difference between the formal and material employer is:

The formal employer actually employs the employee
The employee works under the authority of the material employer
The legal liability regarding health and safety of temporary employees is organised:
With temporary employment the is a triangular relationship: employment agency, employer
and employee
The employment agency is liable with regard to transit duty
The material employer is liable for the working conditions of the temporary employee
The HS aspects that are important when setting a temporary employee to work are:

HS risks and control measures for the employment functions

Procedures to be followed when requesting temporary employees and the recording of
agreements with regard to HS aspects (instruction, information, PPE, education, experience)
Requesting necessary HS documents and correct interpretation, for example: the results of a risk
analysis, HS rules and regulations, professionalism
Careful selection of temporary employees
Informing temporary employee(s) about HS aspects and agreements made with the temporary
employer
Procedure to be followed in the case of a serious accident involving a temporary employee
The candidate can name the elements that must be present in the dossier of the temporary
employee
Personal details, social details, work permits
Copy of an identification document
Copies of relevant professional education, further education, education concerning risky tasks
Work experience
Copies or evidence of required valid certificates / diplomas
Evaluations, notes regarding temporary employment, incidents etc.
Functional limitations
Language proficiency
Proof of medical suitability (if relevant)
Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 37 of 139

The necessary points for attention that must be recorded following a request from a temporary
employer:
Name of function
Place, department and work environment
Work and tasks to be performed
Risky tasks and control measures for the task and work place
Required medical suitability
Risks present (dangerous substances, machines, situations, processes)
Which PPE are used to control these risks
Who supplies the PPE ( employment agency or temporary employer)
Who gives instruction regarding the use of PPE (employment agency or temporary employer)
Professional training/ training level
Experience
Language proficiency
Being in possession of a valid VCA Basic Safety certificate/diploma, unless noted and motivated
in the temporary employer's request that VCA Basic Safety is not obligatory
Demands in connection with risky tasks
Other relevant education

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 38 of 139

The points for attention when making the selection:

Selection procedures of temporary employees who meet the requirements of the request
A deviation or exception from/to the requirements in the request is discussed with the
temporary employer before the final selection takes place
Additional precautions or statements are recorded on the selection or application document (s)
The hirer agrees to the differing selection. When there is a difference between the request and
the selection, this is noted by the employment agency (date, name, function)

The temporary employee must be aware of the specific HS risks and the HS rules and regulations of
the location where he will be put to work:

The risks and precautionary measures of the function in which they will be placed
Sector/branch specific HS rules and regulations
PPE specified by the temporary employer and
Instruction about correct usage
Medical examination, if necessary
Reporting procedure for accidents with lost time / work stoppage

In connection with control of the agreements made with the hirer, do the following:

Reception in the company, introduction to the boss

Person to whom he must report for instructions about workplace and task
Issuing and wearing personal protective equipment (PPE)
The task that the temporary employee carries out; the work location and conditions
Authorisation and medical suitability for carrying out risky tasks

Attention must be paid to the following aspects when evaluating the temporary employee with the
hirer:

Professionalism, theoretical knowledge, independence, carrying out tasks safely

Motivation; attitude; communication; language proficiency
Following HS rules and regulations; complying with work permits; conforming with agreements
Correct use of tools; care of tools, tidying up
Correct use of PPE; care of PPE; keeping clean
Keeping to work times; work tempo; accuracy; application
Asking questions for clarification; reporting deviations; reporting unsafe situations
Communication and contact with the employment agency

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 39 of 139

Attention must be paid to the following aspects when evaluating the work with the temporary
employee:

Introduction and receiving instructions regarding rules and regulations (HS)

Issue of personal protective equipment and work clothing
Communication with contact person and/or direct manager
Work situation and working conditions with regard to health and safety
Tasks carried out; work tempo; conditions; supervision/work times; breaks
Facilities such as changing rooms, canteen, sanitary
Attention and supervision of safe working conditions
Involvement with HS instructions/meetings (toolbox meetings; start work instruction)

What must happen with regard to accidents with lost time/work stoppage:

Procedure for reporting and registration

Communication of the procedure to the temporary employee
Correct and complete filling in of the accident form
Registration of all accidents mention lost time/work stoppage duration
Annual preparation of accident statistics (IF)

In connection with medical examination, the following must be discussed with the hirer:

For which of the hirer's functions or specific work locations a medical examination is required
(before commencement or periodically)
Medical examination by authorised persons or recognised medical services for company
health care
Information to the temporary employees about required medical suitability and medical
examinations to take place, inspections and re-inspections
Checking and monitoring of medical suitability of temporary employees for the functions that
they will actually carry out
Find out which medical examinations the hirer will arrange themselves and offer co-operation
if necessary
Being aware that medical examinations may not be misused to select the most healthy
candidate

7.2 Tasks, rights and obligations of operational managers

The candidate can name the HSE tasks of operational managers

Formulate suggestions and advice to the employer

Investigate accidents and incidents and suggest measures

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 40 of 139

Carry out controls on work resources and personal protective equipment

Get advice from prevention services
Verify that employees possess the require competencies and information
Guard over compliance with the instructions
Ensure that the employees understand the information and put it into practice
Organise the reception of new employees and assign an experienced employee to
give guidance
Cooperate on risk control (RIE and TRA)
Carry out safety inspections
Organise HSE meetings (toolbox meetings)

The candidate can say when an employee must follow training or instructions

Before commencing operations (when taken on, including temporary employees)

When moving or changing work position/function
When bringing in new work resources or changes to a work resource
At the introduction of new work procedures, new technology

The candidate can name the characteristics of good information and education

Tuned to the nature, capacities and experience of the employee

Tuned to the specific operations
Understandable
Practical, not only written

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 41 of 139

The candidate can name the contents of information and training

Health, safety and welfare in general

Dangers at the workplace
Measures taken
Rules and regulations set out by the employer

The candidate can describe the concept of behaviour in the context of promoting safety

The motivation to obey and cooperate with regard to safety

The candidate can describe ways in which the manager can improve the employees
motivation

Try to obtain as much insight as possible into the nature and capacities of your
employees
Do not give employees assignments that are above or below their capacities
Take into account opinions, suggestions, wishes and advice of your employees
Let your employees know what you think of them, and also of their achievements in
the areas of health, safety and environment
Evaluate your employees as objectively as possible
When correcting, ensure that you do not affect the dignity of the employee as a
professional and as a person
Ensure a healthy dose of self-criticism
Avoid emotional situations
Do not be a bossy boss
Try to listen carefully to what others have to say to you
Do not only tell employees how to do something, but also why
Set a good example

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 42 of 139

7.3 Workplace inspections

The candidate can describe guidelines that must be followed for workplace inspections

Ensure sufficient time (about 30 minutes)

It is a regular and not an occasional task for the manager (every manager at least
once a month)
Observe preferably with two people, at a maximum with three persons
Avoid interrupting operations, do not get in the way of employees
Observe the operations and pay particular attention to the HSE aspects
Check that the procedures and regulations are being followed
Your presence leads to reactions; if these are negative you should discuss this at a
later moment with the persons concerned
If your presence affects the work approach, say something about it
Make notes
Do not just watch, but listen, interview, give advice and make agreements
Inform the persons concerned about positive and negative safety aspects that you
have observed
Correct in a way that is positive for the employees motivation
Pay attention to incidents that have occurred

The candidate can name subjects that the workplace inspection can concentrate on

Collective protection resources

Personal protective equipment
Layout (place) of the employees in relation to each other
Operations by the employees
Resources: machines, tools and equipment
Neatness and tidiness
Application of procedures

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 43 of 139

The candidate can describe the elements that are to be included in a workplace inspection
report

Findings
Is safe work and behaviour easy / difficult / impossible
Were observers and observed in agreement about safe work and behaviour
Which actions will be taken
Which persons/services are responsible for these actions
Which persons/services are responsible for following up these actions

The candidate can name the advantages of workplace inspections

Increasing safety awareness

Gives a good insight into the safety situation at the workplace

7.4 HSE discussions

The candidate can name the characteristics of a work discussion

Takes place regularly

Is structured (regular, agenda, report)
Is interactive, from above and below

The candidate can describe the discussion in relation to H&S legislation and VCA

The candidate can name the two forms of discussion

Discussion between employer and employees representatives

Work discussion with the employees HSE meeting (toolbox meeting)

The candidate can say who takes part in the discussion

Employer (chairman)
Employers (delegation)
Employees (delegation)
Experts (e.g. prevention advisors)

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 44 of 139

The candidate can describe the most important subjects/attention points in the report

Discussion and advice (e.g. personal protective equipment, dangerous substances,

work method)

The candidate can describe attention points for the actions agreed at an HSE meeting
(toolbox meeting)

Make clear agreements and record them in writing in the meeting report
Check that the message(s) is(are) understood

The candidate can name the subjects for an HSE meeting (toolbox meeting)

Use of personal protective equipment

Neatness and tidiness
Work methods
(Emergency) procedures
Incidents, accidents
Workplace inspections

The importance of discussion about health and safety within the employment agency is the
involvement of the directors and managers.

The temporary employee is involved with the HS meetings (toolbox meetings)

The consultant informs the temporary employee about the existence and purpose of the HS
meetings (toolbox meetings)

The temporary employee must participate in the HS meetings (toolbox meetings), which are
organised by the hirer

The candidate can name the persons who take part in an HSE meeting (toolbox meeting)

Manager of the department/service

Operational employees

The candidate can describe the concept HSE meeting (toolbox meeting)

Short meeting at the workplace

About health, safety and environment
In an informal atmosphere
With interactive participation of all present

The candidate can describe the purpose of an HSE meeting (toolbox meeting)

Inform and motivate employees in order to prevent unsafe operations and unsafe
behaviour

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 45 of 139

7.5 Certification, Safety passport and training risky tasks

The candidate can describe the meaning of the abbreviation VCA

VCA stands for VGM Checklist Aannemers (Safety, Health and Environment Checklist
for Contractors)
VGM: veiligheid, gezondheid en milieu (Safety, Health and Environment)
Checklist: list of questions worked out as investigation and screening system
Aannemers: companies that perform work for and at the locations of other parties
(customers)

The candidate can describe the purpose of VCA-certification

Control of the activities on the work floor regarding HSE (VGM)

Purpose: preventing incidents (HSE)

The candidate can name the Group of companies for whom VCA-certification is intended

Companies who allow their employees to perform risky operations or operations in a

risky environment, such as factories, installations and building work

The candidate can describe the meaning of the VCA-certificate

Mark of approval to demonstrate that a company practices HSE control, according to

the VCA rules

The candidate can name the different levels of VCA-certification

VCA* (one star). This certification level is aimed at direct HSE care during activities on
the work floor
VCA ** (two stars). In addition to the elements in VCA*, the safety structures and
systems within the contractors company are evaluated
Petrochemical: for companies that Carry out complex and risky operations in the
petrochemical industry, there are additional requirements beyond VCA**

The candidate can name the meaning of the abbreviation VCU

VCU stands for "Veiligheid en gezondheid Checklist Uitzendorganisaties" (Safety and

Health Checklist for Temporary Employment Agencies)

The candidate can describe the purpose of VCU-certification

Control by temporary employment agencies of the process of making temporary

employees available with regard to health and safety at work

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 46 of 139

The candidate can name the meaning of the abbreviation VCO

VCO stands for Veiligheid, gezondheid en milieu Checklist Opdrachtgevers (Safety,

Health and Environment Checklist for Employers)

The candidate can describe the purpose of VCO-certification

The employer ensures the right conditions and circumstances to enable VCA-certified
contractors and temporary employees, who are supplied via VCU-certified
organisations and who will carry out risky work on their sites, to work according to
HSE; safe working

The candidate can describe the meaning of the safety passport

Personal document (small book) with important information about education,

training followed, medical suitability and inoculations

The candidate can describe the conditions for filling in the safety passport correctly

The employer has set up a procedure to ensure that the safety passport is filled in
correctly and on time

The candidate can describe the meaning of the SSVV Training Guide

In the petrochemical industry it is required that, for a number of activities/functions,

the employee takes the exam at a recognised centre

The candidate can name a number of examples of activities in the petrochemical industry
with mandatory exams by a recognised SSVV Training Guide exam centre

Working with a fork lift truck

Working with a telescopic handler
Working with a tower wagon
Working with low pressure flanges
Working as outside guard
Moving loads
Working with independent breathing protection
Measuring gas: explosion-dangerous and toxic substances and oxygen

The candidate can name the educational requirements for employees with regard to VCA

For operational employees: certificate, affidavit, diploma Basic safety VCA (B-VCA)
For operational managers of operational employees: certificate "Veiligheid
Operationeel Leidinggevenden (Safety for Operational Managers) VCA" (VOL-VCA)
For risky tasks: certificate of the relevant test

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 47 of 139

The educational demands that are imposed on the temporary employees and employment agency
personnel:

The temporary employees who are sent to hirers with a VCA certificate:
certificate or diploma Basic Safety VCA
The temporary employee who is sent to a hirer as operational manager: certificate or diploma
Safety for Operational Managers VCA or VOL-VCA
The consultant and managers in the employment agency with a VCU certificate: certificate or
diploma Safety for Consultants and Managers VCU or VIL-VCU

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 48 of 139

8. PROCEDURES AND INSTRUCTIONS,

SIGNALLING
8.1 Safety procedures and instructions
The candidate can describe for whom general safety rules are intended

For the whole organisation

Own personnel
Temporary employees
Other persons at the location
Personnel of contractors and sub-contractors

The candidate can describe guidelines for the use of general safety rules

Must be recorded in writing

Must be made known to every person who enters the location for the first time
Must be sufficiently clear and unambiguous
Must be understandable by those who speak a different language
Must be explained to the employees concerned
The employees concerned must be tested to ensure that they have understood the
rules
Must also be understood by those who speak a different language

The candidate can describe what general safety rules are concerned with

Logging on and off

Traffic rules at the site
How to act if there is an incident
Separating waste
Reporting accidents, fire and incidents

The candidate can describe for which situations specific safety rules are intended

For tasks, functions and operations with an increased risk

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 49 of 139

The candidate can describe what specific safety rules can be concerned with

Entering confined spaces

Working at heights
Warm/hot work
Working where there is a danger of explosion
Use of the required personal protective equipment
Digging work
Use of specific tools, equipment and instruments

The candidate can describe guidelines for the use of specific safety rules

Must be recorded in writing

Must be available to the relevant/involved employee
Must be explained
Must be tested that the rules have been understood

The candidate can describe guidelines for the use of specific safety rules

Supervision
Training
Inspection
Screening off
Ventilation
Signalling
Marking

The candidate can describe the content of general information for new employees

General safety and health rules

General regulations for fire and alarm
Reporting procedure for (near) accidents and unsafe situations
The guidelines to be followed if an accident occurs on the way to or from work
Necessity and use of personal protective equipment

The candidate can describe the content of specific information given by managers to new
employees

Dangers at the workplace

Measures taken
Specific workplace related safety and health rules
Specific health and safety rules connected with installations, machines, work
resources
Specific company related data about dangerous zones, evacuation routes, canteen,
sanitary, etc.

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 50 of 139

Information about the workplace (function demands, dangers, control measures) on

the basis of information from the employer

The candidate can describe what the passing on obligation contains

Temporary employer and temporary employment agency have a shared duty in

connection with informing the temporary employee
The temporary employment agency must inform the temporary employee about the
workplace and about the requirements of the function and operations
This information is supplied by the temporary employer

The candidate can explain what the contents must be of the instruction given to the
temporary employee by the temporary employment agency with regard to VCU

General health and safety rules

General regulations for fire and alarm
Reporting of unsafe operations and situations
What to do if there is an accident at work or on the way to or from work
Details of the temporary employment agency (branch) and the contact person
Policy declaration of the temporary employment agency
Necessity and rules of use for personal protective equipment
Sector specific information (e.g. icons)
Information about the workplace in question: function requirements, dangers and
control measures
Specific information supplied by the temporary employer
Specific rules and regulations of the temporary employer
Explanation of the temporary employers permit system
Handing over of documentation

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 51 of 139

8.2 Securing the workplace and installation

The candidate can name the function of a connecting flange

Separating pipe sections

Closing off supply Pipelines to vessels, tanks or installations

The candidate can name situations in which a connecting flange is used

When cleaning, repairing, inspecting, rinsing, making gas-free or steaming out a pipe,
vessel/tanks and/or installations
Replacing valves and equipment on Pipelines that transport products
When working in a confined space (supply pipes must then be closed off)

The candidate can explain the function of securing installations and equipment

Unintended movement of equipment or installation parts

Unintended application of voltage to equipment, machines and installation parts
Control of depressurisation of installations and equipment

Conditions and priority of actions for securing installations and equipment:

The candidate can give examples of securing installations and equipment

Locking switches
Removing voltage from electrical power supplies
Signalling
Measuring whether the installation is indeed voltage-free

8.3 Permit for safe working (Work Permit)

The candidate can describe the purpose of the general permit

Ensuring that discussion takes place, and formal permission is given for operations at
the site and on installations

The candidate can describe the purpose of specific additional permits

The work holds specific risks

The work requires specific training or information
Condition to carry out that work is: it is in writing
Condition to carry out that work is: it has been explained

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 52 of 139

Condition to carry out that work is: it is signed

The candidate can name operations for which a specific additional permit can be needed

Entering a confined space

Work with a danger of fire also requires a fire permit or hot work permit, for
example welding, grinding
Digging in contaminated ground (ground with pipes, opening floors, streets)
Working on or with dangerous sources of radiation
Hoisting work above or in the neighbourhood of important installations
Working with or demolishing asbestos-holding material
Working with poisonous carcinogenic substances
Working at heights

The candidate can describe the functions of a work permit

Discussions with everyone concerned with the work

Making binding agreements with everyone concerned with the work
Recording the conditions under which the work may be done
Giving permission for commencement of the work

The candidate can name the contents of a work permit

Validity duration (mostly 1 day)

Which operations are being requested
Who will do the work
Measures to be taken/already taken by the issuer of the work permit
Measures to be taken by the operational employees, those who will actually do the
work
Measures to leave the work environment safe after work is completed
Empowerment/signature
Conditions for extending the work permit

The candidate can describe the requested operations part of a work permit

Here is a description of what the work entails

How the work is to be done
Where the work is to be done

The candidate can describe the measures prescribed by the issuer part of the work permit

The measures to be able to work safely

For example: securing: connecting flanges, electrical and/or mechanical
For example: measuring and detecting

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 53 of 139

The candidate can describe the measures to be taken by the operational employee part of
the work permit

The measures to be taken by the operational employee to be able to work safely

All personal protective equipment must be noted here

The candidate can describe what is understood by the signature on the work permit

Those who sign are in agreement with the contents of the work permit
The permit is signed by the issuer
The permit is signed by the holder
The permit is signed by the manager(s) of the operational employee(s)
The permit is signed by the operational employee(s) if authorised to do so

The candidate can name the rights and duties of the work permit issuer

Check that the installation is free before signing the work permit
Discuss the nature of the operations with the permit holder, the conditions and the
measures that must be taken before signing the permit
Signing the work permit
If necessary, the issuer ensures that the needed measurements are taken
If different operations are to be performed simultaneously, the issuer takes care of
the necessary coordination and agreements between the various parties

The candidate can name the rights and duties of the holder

The holder is mostly the manager of the operational employees

The holder gives explanation to the operational employees
The holder signs the work permit
The holder ensures that the work is done according to the conditions specified in the
work permit
The holder ensures that the permit is on site

The candidate can name the rights and duties of the operational employees

Knowing the content of the work permit

Keeping to the conditions for the operations as they are described in the work permit
Keeping to the measures that are in the work permit
Only work with a valid work permit and take the validity duration into account

The candidate can name the duties of the manager of operational employees

The manager must thoroughly discuss all measures beforehand with the operational
employees
The manager must ensure that the work permit is available at the workplace
The manager must check the measures to be taken by the issuer and the holder

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 54 of 139

8.4 Signalling and marking

The candidate can name the principles of legislation regarding signalling with signs

Possible dangers
Imposed measures
Mandatory wearing of personal protective equipment
First aid and fire fighting equipment
Evacuation routes
Signalling is a part of the prevention philosophy

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 55 of 139

The candidate can name groups of signalling signs

Prohibition sign
Command sign
Warning sign
Safety facilities
Fire fighting resources

The candidate can name requirements for health and safety signalling at the workplace

They must be placed in such a way as to be noticed by the persons for whom they
are intended
The design must be such that the meaning is clear for all concerned
They must be unambiguous
Preferably icons with as little explanatory text as possible
The size is dependent on the distance from which they must be seen

The candidate can name the shape of a prohibition sign

Round white sign with a red border and a red diagonal stripe.
In the white area there is a black symbol

Prohibition signs are:

No smoking
Fire, open flames and smoking prohibited
Prohibited for pedestrians
Prohibited to extinguish with water
Not drinking water
No entry for unauthorised persons
Prohibited for transport vehicles
Do not touch

The candidate can name the shape of the command signs

Round blue sign

In the blue area there is a white symbol

Command signs are:

Facial protection
Hearing protection
Safety helmet
Safety shoes

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 56 of 139

The candidate can name the shape of a warning sign

Triangular yellow sign with a black border

In the yellow area there is a black symbol

The candidate can name the general meaning of the warning signs

Danger
Warning
Watch out

Warning signs are:

Poisonous substances
Hanging loads
Low temperatures
Laser beam
Non-ionising radiation

The candidate can name the shape of a sign for a safety facility (rescue or indication)

Square or rectangular green sign

Contains a white symbol

The candidate can name the general meaning of the signs for safety facilities (rescue or
indication)

Where are the emergency exits

Where can the help resources and evacuation routes be found

The candidate can name the shape of a sign for fire-fighting

Square or rectangular red sign

Contains a white symbol

The candidate can name the general meaning of signs for fire-fighting resources

Indicate where fire-fighting resources may be found the way to them

Indicate where fire-fighting resources may be found the place itself

The candidate can name the various forms of markings

Ribbons
Markings

The candidate can name the form and application areas of ribbons
Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 57 of 139

Ribbons are not barriers; they indicate danger/risk

Ribbons are red-white or yellow-black colour

The candidate can name applications of yellow-black marking

Signalling of small/low passages

Signalling of objects that can knock, or that persons can knock against, for example a
crane block
Signalling of areas with dangerous substances

The candidate can name the purpose and shape of markings on stairs

Marking (stripe) of a contrasting colour (mostly yellow or white) to indicate the

upper step
Marking (stripe) of a contrasting colour (mostly yellow or white) to indicate the lower
step
When there is danger of stumbling
Where there is little to distinguish between floor and step

The candidate can name the purpose and shape of marking for passages and stacking spaces

White or yellow stripes

Keep passages free; do not stock or pile up
Stock or pile up within the marked area

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 58 of 139

9. PREPARATION FOR EMERGENCY SITUATIONS

9.1 Concepts
The candidate can describe an emergency situation

Emergency situations that are caused by accidents, fire, liquids, explosion,

uncontrolled release of gas, biological agents or radioactive radiation

9.2 Goals and parts of the company-(internal) emergency plan

The candidate can describe the concept company-(internal) emergency plan

A description of measures and facilities that a company has prepared in case an

emergency situation occurs

The candidate can describe the purpose of a company-(internal) emergency plan

Limiting the effects of possible emergency situations

The candidate can name the information about the company-(internal) emergency plan that
(temporary employees and) operational employees must receive when they enter the
company site

Plan of the company site (the evacuation plan)

Warning resources (the evacuation plan)
Alarm (the evacuation plan)
Exercises (the evacuation plan)
Location of available help resources (the intervention)
First aid (the intervention)
Removal of the cause (the intervention)
Reporting accidents, emergency situations (the reporting)
Warning help services (the reporting)

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 59 of 139

9.3 Emergency resources, facilities, people and external organisations

The candidate can describe what the part available help sources is concerned with

Available emergency facilities and manpower within own company and other
organisations

9.4 Control and combating emergency situations

The candidate can name the phases of control and combating emergency situations

First report
Actions and measures
Ending

The candidate can describe the term first report

Description of which way an emergency situation can be reported, and which

information must be reported

The candidate can describe the concept actions and measures, dependant on the severity
and scale of the emergency

Description of what must be done as a result of the report of an emergency situation

The candidate can name the parts of the ending

Who is authorised to declare the emergency situation ended

The way in which the ending is made known

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 60 of 139

9.5 Company aid

The candidate can name the requirements regarding company aid

Must be organised in every company/institution

That company aid for the company in question is guaranteed
Certain educational requirements must be met
It concerns a fixed task package

The candidate can name the tasks defined for the company aid

Supplying first aid

Combating starting fires
In emergency situations, evacuating employees and other persons who are in the
company

The candidate can name the minimum requirements regarding first aid

First aid resources always available

Trained help workers
Intervention: extinguishing, protection, clearing up
Rescue operations
Assistance

The candidate can name the purposes of training and exercises with regard to company(internal) emergency plans

Preparing the personnel for emergency situations

Testing the company(internal) emergency plan
Testing whether the personnel is sufficiently prepared for emergency situations

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 61 of 139

9.6 Evacuation
The candidate can describe the instructions regarding evacuation

Being aware of the muster place(s)

Being aware of the evacuation possibilities
Being aware of the employers instructions

The candidate can name the legal requirement for holding evacuation exercises

The candidate knows that an evacuation exercise must be held at least once a year
The candidate knows that all must participate in exercises organised by the employer

The candidate can name the actions he must take, and their order, when there is an
evacuation signal

Immediately stop work, stop external communications

Follow the employers instructions
Move to the muster station, in line with the evacuation plan
Do not use lifts
Evacuate into the wind
On arrival at the muster station, report your presence

The candidate can describe which information the temporary employee must receive on
introduction/reception about the company emergency plan

Routes
Warning resources
Alarm: types
Exercises and emergency situations

The candidate can describe which information the temporary employee must receive on
introduction/reception about the first intervention

Alarming, reporting of emergency situations

Warning of internal and external help services
First aid resources

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 62 of 139

10. DANGEROUS SUBSTANCES

10.1 The dangers of oxygen concentration in the air
The candidate can name the oxygen concentration that is in air under normal circumstances

21%

The candidate can name the minimum oxygen concentration in the air whereby work may be
done

19%

The candidate can describe the consequences of deviation from the normal oxygen
concentration

Higher than 21%: increased fire- and explosion danger

Lower than 21%: lack of oxygen, consequence dependant on percentage:
drowsiness, unconsciousness and death

The candidate can name the circumstances that can cause a too low concentration of oxygen

Lack of ventilation
Corrosion
Other reactions that use oxygen: e.g. bacteriological and biological reactions, fire
Products released in a space by which air and thereby oxygen is displaced (e.g.
Nitrogen, other inert gasses)
Presence of air-suppressing substances (e.g. nitrogen, other inert gasses)

The candidate can name the circumstances that can cause a too high concentration of
oxygen

Leakage of oxygen from pipelines, oxygen cylinders

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 63 of 139

The candidate can name measures for working in a space with a too low oxygen
concentration
Relieve oxygen shortage by mechanical air supply
Use independent breathing protection

The candidate can name measures for preventing a too high oxygen concentration in a space

Use hose break protection

No oxygen cylinders in the space (e.g. confined spaces)

10.2 Categorisation and dangers of dangerous substances

The candidate can name the categories of dangerous substances

Explosive
Oxidising
Very highly inflammable, highly inflammable, inflammable
Poisonous, highly poisonous
Harmful
Irritating
Biting or corrosive
Cancer inducing
Environmentally dangerous
Sensitising

The candidate can describe the definition of the concept dangerous substances

Substances that form a danger for the health and/or environment

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 64 of 139

The candidate can describe what the dangers are of working with dangerous substances
from various categories, can name examples and recognise the associated symbol on the
packaging

Explosive substances explode easily, also without oxygen, at a certain temperature in

contact with other substances, e.g. munitions, TNT, gunpowder
Very highly and highly inflammable substances catch fire extremely easily, even at
normal surrounding temperatures (21C), e.g. petrol, acetone, white spirit
Oxidising or fire promoting substances release oxygen and thus react strongly with
other inflammable substances and promote the combustion, e.g. oxygen water,
ozone, oxygen
Highly poisonous and poisonous substances have a large chance of serious effects
when inhaled, swallowed or absorbed by the skin, e.g. carbon monoxide, H2S,
methanol, benzene
Harmful substances cause less effects than poisonous substances when inhaled,
swallowed or in contact with the skin, e.g. paint, varnish, wood protecting products
Corrosive substances affect skin, eyes, lungs and mucosa on contact, e.g. acids and
alkaline
Irritating substances have a more limited working than corrosive products; they can
cause inflammation when in contact with the skin, eyes, lungs and mucous
membranes, e.g. dilute or weak acids and alkalines, many solvents, polyester mastic.
Carciniogen substances can cause cancer, e.g. asbestos, benzene, vinyl chloride,
diesel fumes.
Environmentally dangerous substances are dangerous to the environment and
animals, e.g. CFKs, certain pesticides
Sensitising substances can cause allergies, e.g. certain resins and dyes, some paints,
metal treating products, hair colouring

The candidate can globally distinguish the difference between use of dangerous substances
at the workplace and the transport of dangerous substances

Dangerous substances at the workplace are indicated by a square danger symbol

black on an orange background
Dangerous substances that are transported by road are indicated by a diamond
shaped danger symbol with a point upwards and the colour determined by the
category
The danger of dangerous substances is also related to the danger that can occur
during transport

10.3 Exposure to, intake of and effects of dangerous substances

The candidate can name the measures that must be taken successively against dangerous
substances
Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 65 of 139

In the first place, measures at the source (use other products, tablets instead of
powder)
In the second place technical, collective and organisational measures (local
extraction, ventilation)
In the third place, personal protective equipment

The candidate can describe the measures that can be taken at the source for avoiding
exposure to dangerous substances

Elimination: by not making use of the dangerous substance

Replacement: replace with a less dangerous substance (e.g. replace a solvent based
paint with a paint based on water)
Customising (e.g. use the raw material in tablet form instead of powder)

The candidate can describe the local extraction measure against dangerous substances

Extraction of dangerous vapour, gas or dust particles directly at the place where the
contamination occurs, e.g. when welding

The candidate can describe the separating person and source measure against dangerous
substances

Separating by a wall, panels or e.g. a fume chamber

The candidate can describe the ventilation measure against dangerous substances

Suck contaminated air outside and bring in clean air

The candidate can name the intake routes for dangerous substances
Via the mouth
Via the skin
Via the respiratory organs
Direct intake in the bloodstream

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 66 of 139

The candidate can describe the ways in which dangerous substances can be taken in

Eating and drinking with dirty hands

Touching solvents or solvents in paint
Inhaling of dust, gas, mist and vapour
Through an open wound

The candidate can describe the way in which intake of dangerous substances can be
prevented

Eating and drinking in a special space, remove dirty work clothing (dirt and dust
gather in clothing), wash, attend to and cover hands and face
Use of good personal protective equipment
Ventilation or breathing protection

The candidate can name environment and product factors that influence the intake of
dangerous substances in the body

Nature of the substance (dust, mist, gas, vapour, solid)

Toxicity of the substance
Concentration of the substance in the breathed air
Duration of exposure to the substance

The candidate can name the human factors that influence the degree of poisoning and
damage by dangerous substances

The degree of physical effort: heavy work makes you breath deeper and faster so you
will usually take in more dangerous substance
Condition of the victim: if you are fitter you have more resistance
Weight of the victim: the heavier the person, the less influence the substance will
generally have
Age of the victim: young and old people are generally affected more
Size of the exposed skin area: the greater the skin area that has been exposed, the
greater the impact
Thickness of the skin: the thinner the skin that has been in contact with the
substance, the greater the impact

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 67 of 139

The candidate can name the effects of dangerous substances on the body

Headache
Dizziness
Balance disorders
Stomach cramps
Sickness
Retching
Palpitations
Tightness of the chest
Blurred or double vision
Allergy

The candidate can describe the two sorts of poisoning

Acute poisoning: poisoning quite quickly or immediately after exposure to the

dangerous substance (e.g. CO-poisoning)
Chronic poisoning: poisoning after lengthy and repeated exposure to the dangerous
substance (e.g. Solvents, heavy metals in small doses, asbestos)

10.4 Meaning of limit values and odour perception

The candidate can describe the meaning of limit values for professional exposure

The maximum concentration of a dangerous substance as a time weighted average

over a reference period, above which no single employee may be exposed

The candidate can name the conditions under which the limit values are valid

With normal, healthy people

With a normal working day
With a normal working week
In normal working circumstances
With a normal physical effort

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 68 of 139

The candidate can describe why the perception of odour is not a good indication of the
presence or absence of dangerous gasses

Many dangerous vapours or gasses have no odour or colour

Odour limit can be above the permitted limit value
Odour of dangerous substances can be masked by other, non-dangerous substances
Odour is subjective and person-dependant

10.5 Labelling, danger icons and product information

The candidate can name the elements that must be contained on old labels for dangerous
substances

Name (names) of the product(s)

Dangers symbol
R-sentences
S-sentences
Details of supplier / importer

The candidate can name the elements that must be contained on new labels for dangerous
substances

Name (names) of the product(s)

Danger icons
Risks and dangers (H-sentences)
Prevention measures safety recommendations (P-sentences)
Details of supplier / importer

The candidate can recognise the danger icons for dangerous substances (following GHS
guideline)

Explosive / explodable substances

Highly inflammable and very highly inflammable substances
Oxidising substances
Poisonous and highly poisonous substances
Harmful and irritating substances
Corrosive substances
Environmentally dangerous substances
Asbestos
Danger to health in the long term
Gasses under pressure

The candidate can describe the meaning of R-sentences

The dangers (or risks) that a product can contain (R = Risk)

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 69 of 139

The candidate can describe the meaning of S-sentences

The safety measures to be taken to prevent risks when working with the product (S =
Safety)

The candidate can describe the meaning of danger sentences (H-sentences)

The dangers (or risks) of a product (H = Hazard)

The candidate can describe the meaning of safety recommendations (P-sentences)

The preventative measures to be taken to avoid risks when working with the product
(P = Precautions)

The candidate can describe the meaning of Danger / Warning

Danger means great danger

Warning means limited danger

The candidate can describe the purpose of the safety information sheet

Supply information about the dangers of the substance in question

Supply information about the safety measures to be taken

The candidate can name the most important points on the safety information sheet

Limit value (MAC-value)

Composition
Means of intake
Means of storage
Immediate dangers
Labelling
First aid

The candidate can describe the meaning of the four areas of the dangers diamond

Red area (top): fire danger

Blue area (left): risk to health
Yellow area (right): instability
White area (bottom): reaction with extinguishing water and possibly specific dangers

The candidate can describe the meaning of the numbers in the dangers diamond

Number from 0 to 4, the higher the number, the greater the danger

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 70 of 139

10.6 Personal hygiene

The candidate can describe the importance of personal hygiene when working with
dangerous substances

Dangerous substances can also be taken up in the body via the mouth or skin
Dirt and dust gather in clothing

10.7 Monitoring and medical examination

The candidate can describe the concept orientating workplace investigation

The determining of possible risks when working with dangerous substances and if
necessary the setting up of strict rules for dealing with these substances

The candidate can describe the concept monitoring during work

The measuring during work, for short and/or longer periods, of possible exposure to
dangerous substances and evaluating the results on the basis of limit values to
estimate and prevent the chance of harm to health during this work

The candidate can describe what medical suitability for working with dangerous substances
involves

The candidate knows that for working with dangerous substances a medical
examination is needed to find out, depending on exposure and state of health, if he
is suitable and if he remains so

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 71 of 139

The candidate can describe the concept periodic medical examination

Periodic medical examination must determine if the candidate remains suitable to

continue working with the dangerous substance
The period is dependent on the product and the exposure; for most substances once
a year

10.8 Specific dangerous substances

The candidate can describe legal requirements regarding asbestos

Every company must take inventory of the asbestos present in the enterprise
New use and re-use of asbestos is prohibited
Waste containing asbestos must be gathered and collected separately
Where there is risk of contact with asbestos, a specific label is placed

The candidate can name asbestos products that may be removed by anyone

Gaskets that can be removed without breaking or stressing

The candidate can name possible asbestos locations

Warmth-insulation on all sorts of equipment and gear

Flanges and bearing seals
Making steel constructions and constructions of above-ground tanks fire-resistant
In and behind brickwork for furnaces and kettles and constructions of above-ground
tanks
Insulation in electrical equipment
In fire-resistant blankets
Brake linings
Sewer pipes
Sealing material
Roof- and wall panelling
Floor coverings

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 72 of 139

The candidate can describe the way of working that must be followed when material
suspected of containing asbestos is found in a place where work must be carried out

If there is a suspicion that asbestos is present, work must be stopped immediately

A sample must be taken by an independent laboratory to establish whether it is
asbestos

The candidate can describe the dangers to health from exposure to asbestos

Chance of asbestosis
Chance of asbestos lung cancer
Chance of mesothelium

The candidate can name examples of organic solvents, cyclic compounds and heavy metals

Organic solvents: often made from oil, for example turpentine

Cyclic compounds, for example benzene, phenol, toluene and xylene
Heavy metals: for example lead, mercury and zinc

The candidate can name the harmful effects of organic solvents, cyclic compounds, heavy
metals, carbon monoxide, paints and varnishes and cement

Organic solvents: via inhalation, headache in the short term, brain damage in the
long term
Cyclic compounds: benzene and phenol are poisonous, benzene is also carcinogenic
Heavy metals: highly poisonous
Carbon monoxide: via inhalation, is highly poisonous, prevents oxygen take-up in the
blood and has a danger of explosion
Paints and varnishes (see organic solvents)
Cement: irritating for the respiratory tract and the skin, danger of eye damage, when
wet chemical burns after prolonged contact

The candidate can name the dangers of household substances

De-blocking substances: corrosive

Paints, varnishes: possibly contain organic solvents
White spirit (organic solvents): inflammable or highly inflammable, after prolonged
use brain damage, removes natural oils from the skin
Washing up products: irritating for washing machine, chance of serious eye injury

10.9 Leaks and biological substances

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 73 of 139

The candidate can name the dangers of leaks

Spreading of product in the air breathed

Danger of fire
Environmental contamination
Slipping

The candidate can name the causes of leaks

Poor maintenance of installations

Poor fitting of flanges
Incorrect procedure for pouring over
Leaking taps

The candidate can name preventative measures against leaks and corrective measures after
leaks have occurred

Regular checks that the installation is in order

Only trained personnel carry out repairs and operations
Every starting leak must be reported
Sufficiently large leak tray under tanks
Leaks must be professionally repaired
Leaked product professionally disposed of

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 74 of 139

The candidate can name situations where biological substances can be present that can
cause harm

Waste processing
Health care
Agriculture
Food industry
Contact with animals
Sewers
Water purification installations
Contaminated ground

The candidate can name forms of harm to health that can be caused by biological substances

Infections
Poisoning
Allergy
Moulds

The candidate can name the prevention and hygiene rules for working with biological
substances

Skin protection such as: protective clothing, gloves, protective cream

Eye protection against danger of splashes
Breathing protection
Washing hands
Inoculations

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 75 of 139

10.10

Industrial gas cylinders

The candidate can name the principle whereby gasses in cylinders can be distinguished from
each other

Colour coding according to the old and new code

The candidate can name the colour code on cylinders containing oxygen, nitrogen, carbon
dioxide, air and acetylene

Oxygen (white shoulder)

Nitrogen (black shoulder)
Carbon dioxide (grey shoulder)
Air (light green shoulder)
Acetylene (chestnut Brown shoulder)

The candidate can name points of attention regarding use of the correct gas cylinder

Look at the colour code on the cylinder (gas bottle)

Verify using the label

The candidate can describe the safety measures for storing gas cylinders

Fasten securely
Protect against disadvantageous weather influences
Protect from sun rays and other sources of heat
Do not place batteries of gas cylinders at the workplace
Sufficient ventilation of storage space
Do not store in cellars or pits (many gasses are heavier than air and stay hanging
around)
Keep oxygen cylinders separate from cylinders containing inflammable gasses
Keep suitable extinguishing resources and water for cooling close to the storage
space

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 76 of 139

11. FIRE AND EXPLOSION

11.1 Dangers of fire and explosion
The candidate can describe the factors needed for the creation of a fire or explosion

Inflammable substance
Ignition energy
Oxygen

The candidate can describe the concept flash point (ignition temperature)

The lowest temperature at which a liquid develops so much vapour that this can be
ignited in the air present by a spark, measured under normal air conditions
Ignition energy: usually a spark, also hot surfaces

The candidate can describe the concept explosion limits

Minimum or maximum amount of gas/vapour in air with which an explosion is

possible
Borders of the explosion area

The candidate can describe the concept spontaneous combustion temperature

The lowest temperature at which a substance spontaneously burns without any

assistance, measured under normal air conditions
Ignition energy: high temperature

The candidate can explain the concept explosion area

Mix relationship between air and a gas/vapour whereby an explosion can occur
The area between the lower and upper explosion limits

The candidate can describe the concept lower explosion limit (LEL)

Lower Explosion Limit

The minimum amount of gas/vapour that must be present in air to cause an
explosion to occur

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 77 of 139

The candidate can describe the concept upper explosion limit (UEL)

Upper Explosion Limit

The maximum amount of gas/vapour in the air whereby an explosion can still occur

The candidate can describe the concept ignition source

An ignition source supplies the energy whereby a substance can burn or explode
Examples of ignition sources: sparks caused by hand tools or welding, surfaces at a
high temperature

The candidate can describe the concept catalyst

Certain products can influence the burning (reaction of fuel and air): positive
catalysts increase the reaction speed, so will speed up burning
Certain products can influence the burning (reaction of fuel and air): negative
catalysts slow the reaction speed, so will slow down burning

The candidate can describe the influence of smoke and burning gasses on the surroundings

Limited visibility
Possibly poisonous or harmful
The burning gasses are lighter than air

The candidate can describe the influence of the heat of fire on the surroundings

Fire heats up products in the surroundings, whereby they can reach their
spontaneous combustion temperatures and thus spontaneously combust
Radiation warmth heats gas cylinders and reservoirs in the surroundings such that
they can crack and explode
The heat can make it difficult to approach the fire

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 78 of 139

11.2 Categorisation of fires and the associated extinguishing resources

The candidate can name the fire classes

Class A: solid fire

Class B: liquid fire
Class C: gas fire
Class D: metal fire
unclassified fires

The candidate can describe the fire classes

A: fires of solids, so-called dry fire sources, e.g. wood, paper, cotton, plastic, textiles
B: fires of liquids or substances that become liquid, so-called fat fire sources, e.g.
petrol, oil, alcohol, paints, rubber, paraffin, solvents
C: fires of gasses, such as methane, propane, butane, acetylene
D: fires of metals, such as magnesium, aluminium, calcium, sodium, metal alloys
unclassified fires, such as fires in electrical equipment

The candidate can name the extinguishing method for a class A fire

Extinguish with water

Extinguish with extinguishing powder (class A)

The candidate can name the extinguishing method for a class B fire

Extinguish with extinguishing powder (class B)

Extinguish with foam
Extinguish with carbon dioxide

The candidate can name the extinguishing method for a class C fire

Close off gas supply

Extinguish with extinguishing powder (class C)

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 79 of 139

The candidate can name the extinguishing method for a class D fire
Extinguish with specific extinguishing powder

The candidate can name the extinguishing method for an unclassified fire

Extinguish with carbon dioxide

Extinguish with custom foam

11.3 Extinguishing resources

The candidate can describe the most important extinguishing principles

Eliminate/remove fuel
Eliminate warmth by cooling
Exclude oxygen
Intervene in the chemical reaction of the fire, negative catalyst
Remove the ignition source

The candidate can name the dangers and disadvantages of extinguishing with water

Causes water damage

Electrically conductive
There are many chemical substances that react violently with water
Dangerous if used on burning fluids: burning fluids splash apart resulting in a burst of
flame: many fluids float on water so that the fire spreads
Sensitive to freezing
Environmental damage from contaminated extinguishing water

The candidate can name the disadvantages of extinguishing with foam

Causes limited damage

Sensitive to freezing
Foam can be electrically conductive

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 80 of 139

The candidate can name the disadvantages of extinguishing with sand

It quickly melts together and solidifies

The candidate can name the disadvantages of extinguishing with extinguishing powder

Limited cooling
Reduces visibility in small spaces
Causes damage
Contaminates

The candidate can name the dangers and disadvantages of extinguishing with carbon dioxide

Chance of freezing wounds because of the low temperature

Can be suffocating because of exclusion of oxygen

The candidate can name the dangers and disadvantages of extinguishing with extinguishing
blankets

One must approach the fire closely

If not used correctly, dangerous to the extinguishing person
If not covered or completely covered, there is a greater chance of injury or damage

The candidate can name the extinguishing properties of water

Limited oxygen suppression because of steam

Cooling power

The candidate can name the extinguishing properties of foam

Shuts off oxygen supply to the fire

Cooling

The candidate can name the extinguishing properties of sand

Shuts off oxygen supply

The candidate can name the extinguishing properties of extinguishing powder

Slows the burning reaction between the inflammable substance and oxygen,
negative catalyst
Limited oxygen exclusion

The candidate can name the extinguishing properties of carbon dioxide

Excludes oxygen

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 81 of 139

Cools down the air

The candidate can name the extinguishing properties of extinguishing blankets

Shut off oxygen

For use with burning persons or objects and fire on a flat surface

11.4 Actions in case of fire

The candidate can describe the actions to take when a fire is discovered

Ensure your own safety

Report the fire
Warn people in the surroundings about the fire
Close doors and windows
Take people to safety
Extinguish the fire if you can

The candidate can describe the actions to take when extinguishing

Ensure your own safety

Choose the correct extinguishing resource
Aim at the burning object, not the flames
Keep paying attention if the fire seems to be out; it can flare up again
If you cannot handle the situation, stop and evacuate

The candidate can describe the action to take when treating burns

Rinse with water as quickly as possible for at least 15 minutes

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 82 of 139

The candidate can name the tasks of the hot work watch according to the hot work permit

Preventative actions to avoid fire

Supervising the requirements of the hot work permit
Calling in help services if there is a fire
Start extinguishing until the fire brigade/intervention team arrive
Supply first aid

The candidate can name the demands made of the hot work watch

Suitable training

11.5 Explosion danger environment (not required as of sept 2012)

The candidate can describe what an explosion danger are is

In this environment it is possible that an explosive mixture can occur

In these zones special measures must be taken to prevent the ignition of explosion
dangerous circumstances that may be present

The candidate knows the signalling sign that indicates an explosion danger area

Warning sign indicating explosion

The candidate can describe the various zones, for both gas and dust

Zones 0, 1 and 2: gas

Zones 20,21 and 22: dust
The lower the number, the higher the risk and the chance of an explosive
atmosphere and the more severe the demands on installations and operations

The candidate knows which products can lead to explosion danger zones

Inflammable gasses/vapours
Inflammable liquids with a flash point lower than the surrounding temperature
Inflammable dust clouds

The candidate can describe what to watch out for if he enters such a zone

Approved written permission for performing the task

Prescribed personal protective resources
Work resources and activities according to the work permit
Preventative measures according to the work permit
Presence of written instructions

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 83 of 139

Suitable training for involved employees

The candidate can name the factors that are important for the use of an explosion meter in
explosion danger zones

When setting up, take into account: possible source of gas leakage, wind direction,
density of gas, distance from the source
In case of an explosion meter alarm signal, eliminate ignition sources, leave the zone
and make the situation known
In case there is another alarm, and if applicable, eliminate ignition sources and leave
the zone

For employees and employers in an environment where there is a danger of explosion,

special rules apply.

European ATEX 137 requires a safe workplace in relation to areas with a danger of
explosion
Obligation to indicate zones

Mechanical equipment falls under the ATEX guideline:

Because mechanical equipment can develop hot surfaces, hotspots, when there is a
defect or when used incorrectly, whereby an explosion can be caused, mechanical
equipment also falls under the TEX requirements. This also applies to hot surfaces
such as pipelines.

A few precautionary measures for working in areas where there is a danger of explosion:

Hot Work permit

Equipment security
Maintenance programmes
Gas detection

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 84 of 139

Tools can be an ignition source:

The energy in the battery of a mobile telephone can cause sparks

A falling hammer can cause sparks

Material that is suitable for an exproof area can be recognised by the identification/coding.

Mechanical equipment can be an ignition source:

Hot bearings, slipping belts, sticking fan, seals, dragging chains

Visible circumstances or actions that invalidate the means of protection

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 85 of 139

12. WORK RESOURCES

12.1 Machines, power tools and hand tools
The candidate can describe the general dangers when working with machines, power and
hand tools

Being caught by moving parts

Being hit by material / particles flying around
Getting stuck
Electrocution
High or low temperature of the work piece
Hearing damage because of noise
Physical complaints from vibrations
Physical overload because of incorrect posture
Defect in the controls or source of energy
Operator becoming distracted
Cuts or grazes
Poor maintenance
Dislocation of hand and wrist and bruising through incorrect use
Fire or explosion caused by sparks
Burns caused by short-circuiting
Injury from biting tools
Injury because of an air hose breaking loose
Long rundown time of machines
Touching cutting parts
Inhaling harmful substance
Shooting away of a nail (nail and staple machines)
Kickback of nail and movement on hard materials (nail and staple machines)
Penetrating work piece with nail (nail and staple machines)

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 86 of 139

The candidate can name the requirements that machines and power tools must comply with
in general

Periodic testing
Duration of validity with a sticker or colour-code
Possessing use and maintenance information in the language of the country where it
is used
After 1995 must carry a CE-marking
Moving parts are screened off
Must be in good condition and suitable for the work to be carried out

The candidate can describe the general safety measures for working with machines, power
tools and hand tools

Switch off when performing maintenance

Never use with an exposed drive
The floor around machines and fixed location tools must be tidy, clean, flat, dry and
not slippery
For operating the machine there must be sufficient walking and movement space
Personal protective equipment must be available and used in the correct way
Operate correctly
Screening off of dangerous zone
Brake so that the machine does not run on too long
Presence of an emergency stop (if applicable)
Presence of an instruction card for operation (machines)
Good dust extraction (if applicable)
In spaces where there is a chance of explosion, only use explosion-protected
machines and power tools
Use safe voltage (if applicable)

The candidate can describe the working of the dead mans button

If you release the button, the machine or tool stops

The candidate can describe the function of the emergency stop facility

In an emergency stops the machine as quickly as possible

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 87 of 139

The candidate can name the requirements that the emergency stop facility must comply with
Good accessibility
Clearly visible and recognisable
After use of the emergency stop, the installation can only restart with the normal
start-up procedure

The candidate can describe the function of the no load switch/no voltage switch

A no load switch/no voltage switch ensures that the machine does not automatically
start after the voltage has been removed and restored

The candidate can name the requirements that the operator of machines and power tools
must comply with

Must have sufficient training and experience

Older than 18 years
Do not wear loose clothing, jewellery or hair
Do not wear gloves when contact with rotating parts is possible and/or there is a
danger of getting caught
Do not bridge, disable or remove security devices
Do not leave a working machine unattended
Know the location and function of the emergency stop

12.2 Fixed machines

The candidate can describe the dangers of working with (column) drilling machines

Work piece coming loose

injury from a broken drill bit
Injury from brushing swarf away by hand
Injury from splinters
Splashing of cool- or cutting-oil

The candidate can describe the requirements for working with (column) drilling machines

Transparent screen between drill and user

The candidate can describe the preventative measures for working with (column) drilling
machines

Properly secure the work piece

Remove swarf with a brush or hook

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 88 of 139

The candidate can describe the dangers of working with fixed grinding machines

Particles flying around: eye injury

Breaking grindstone
Jamming of the work piece against the grindstone
Injury by touching a rotating grindstone
Inhaling grinding dust

The candidate can name the requirements that fixed grinding machines must comply with

Grindstones are sufficiently round

Grinding side of the stone is flat
Two grindstones o none machine may not differ too greatly in size
Distance between the support and the grindstone is a maximum of 3 mm
The sides of the stones are screened off
There is a protection window

The candidate can describe the preventative measures for working with fixed grinding
machines

Only expert personnel may fit or replace the grindstones

Support must be regularly adjusted
Support may only be adjusted when the machine is stationary
Protective window must always be used

The candidate can describe the dangers of working with a fixed circular saw

Being hit or caught by the saw or other moving parts

Being hit by cut off parts of the product that fly off
Health complaints from inhalation of nuisance or harmful dust

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 89 of 139

The candidate can name the requirements with which fixed circular saws must comply

Machine must have a suitable protective cover fixed to a strong stand

Board splitter support must be present, with a board splitter that matches the saw
blade
A well-adjustable, suitable help guide must be present
One or more connections for dust extraction must be present

The candidate can describe the safety measures for working with fixed circular saws

Use a push rod for feeding through small or narrow work pieces
Adjust the saw blade correctly
Use a second person or rollers for large work pieces

12.3 Power hand tools

The candidate can name the requirements that electrically powered hand tools must comply
with

Double insulated if not earthed

The candidate knows the limitations of double insulation under damp circumstances

Double insulation does not provide protection against water or a damp environment

The candidate can describe the safety measures for working with pneumatically powered
hand tools

Take a regular break from vibrating operations

Close off air supply after use

The candidate can name the requirements that hand grinding machines must comply with

They must have a side handle (depending on the power of the hand grinding
machine)
Protective cover over the grindstone
Powered hand tools must have a dead mans button

The candidate can name which information must be on a grindstone

This information consists of: the name of the manufacturer, maximum permitted
revolutions, size of the disc, application, year

The candidate can describe the safety measures for working with hand grinding machines
Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 90 of 139

Work piece must be fixed

The maximum revolution speed of the disc may never be exceeded
A hand grinding machine may only be put down when the disc is stationary
Do not use the side of the disc (for example, for de-burring)
Use de-burring discs for de-burring
Use cutting disks for cutting only and not for de-burring

The candidate can name the requirements that a hand circular saw must comply with

Protective cover completely screens off the part of the saw that does not do the
cutting
Automatic protection cover for the cutting part of the saw
Board splitter: adjusted to the diameter and thickness of the saw

The candidate can name the safety measures for working with a hand circular saw

Saw blade and guide must be adjusted so that the blade sticks out as little as possible
under the work piece to be sawn
Assistance of a second person if necessary
Do not let the saw get stuck
Always keep the electric cable behind the saw

The candidate can name the requirements that a nail-, staple-machine must comply with

Protection against unintended shooting

The candidate can name the safety measures for working with a nail-, staple-machine

Control the maximum work pressure

Guide must be empty when placing the loader
Staples and nails suitable for the machine, material and shape of work piece
Keep free hand far away from the machine
Press head firmly on work piece

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 91 of 139

The candidate can name the requirements that a chain saw must comply with

Hand grips: vibration free with anti-slip

Internal vibration damping
Rear hand grip: protection against chain break
Protective guard
Chain brake with kick-back protection
Chain catching mechanism
Double handed operation (hold with two hands)
Protective cover (for the chain)
Balanced
Operation lock with automatic disconnection of the operating button

The candidate can name the safety measures for working with a chain saw

Operator has suitable training with a test

Trousers and gloves with anti-cut and blocking fibres
Set up so that if there is a kick-back the chain cannot touch the body
Use the correct saw blade/chain combination
Always operate the chainsaw with two hands

12.4 Hand tools

The candidate can name the requirements that a hammer must comply with

Head must be properly secured to the handle

Handle undamaged
Head in good condition

The candidate can name the requirements that spanners and wrenches must comply with

Must be undamaged
Must fit nut exactly
Hammer wrench has a string to prevent it falling or shooting away if it is knocked
loose

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 92 of 139

The candidate can describe the safety measures for working with spanners and wrenches

Do not extend the handle

Preferably use a ring spanner instead of a stab spanner

The candidate can name the requirements that screwdrivers must comply with

Exactly the right size for the screw slot

Blade not too sharp

The candidate can describe the safety measures for working with screwdrivers

Secure small work pieces

The candidate can name the requirements that files must comply with

Must have a strong handle

Handle must be fitted securely to the file

The candidate can name the requirements that cold chisels must comply with

No burrs on the chisel head

Chisel must be fitted with hand protection

The candidate can name the requirements that pliers must comply with

Jaws and hinge are undamaged and clean

The candidate can name the requirements that knives must comply with

Blade suited to the nature of the work

Sharp blades

The candidate can name the safety measures for working with knives

Cut away from the body

Do not pull out and extendible blade too far
Break off the worn out part of the blade with a blade breaker or pliers

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 93 of 139

The candidate can name the requirements that saws must comply with

Saw must be suitable for the work

The candidate can name the safety measures for working with saws

Only use properly sharpened saw blades

Set up the saw correctly
Tension the blade correctly
Teeth forwards

12.5 Hoisting general

The candidate can name examples of hoisting equipment

Hoisting cranes, tower cranes, roll bridges, hand tackles

The candidate can describe what hoisting equipment is used for

Vertical and horizontal movement of loads

The candidate can describe what hoisting accessories are

Help resources for hoisting loads (e.g. Eye bolts, fastenings, hoisting belts, chains,
cables)

The candidate can name the general requirements that hoisting equipment and hoisting
accessories must comply with

The Machine guideline

Tested, proof of testing present, test details recognisably fitted to the hoisting
equipment

The candidate can describe where details of maximum loading of hoisting equipment may be
found

On the hoisting equipment, a plate or ring, stamped in the material

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 94 of 139

The candidate can describe the general dangers when working with hoisting equipment and
hoisting accessories

Hoisting equipment (e.g. crane) falling over

Dropping the load

The candidate can describe the general safety measures when working with hoisting
equipment and hoisting accessories

Do not exceed the permitted work load

Connect the load in the correct way
Regular visual control of the material
Keep the spread angle of the two- or three-way as small as possible
Follow the manufacturers instructions

The candidate can describe what determines the choice of hoisting accessories to be used

Size and shape of the load

Distance to be moved
Weight and material of the load, sort of packaging
Hoisting equipment

The candidate can describe the dangers of working with hoisting cranes

Crane falling over

Hitting equipment
Being hit within the turning circle of the crane
Bad weather

The candidate can describe the safety measures for working with hoisting cranes

Regular control of damage and wear

Crane operator and assistant must be able to understand, see and hear each other
Stamping
Good coordination when multiple cranes are used

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 95 of 139

The candidate can name the documents that must be present with hoisting cranes

Crane book (in which all tests and maintenance work is signed for)
Hoisting tables and hoisting charts (which show which weights may be moved which
distances)
Proof of testing of straps, tackles, hoisting masts, extra chains, hoisting harness and
other hoisting tools)

The candidate can name the documents that demonstrate the professional knowledge of the
operator

Expertise proof (hoisting license) (mandatory for tower cranes, mobile cranes and
hoisting equipment with a maximum load moment of greater than 10 ton meters)
Registration book (which shows how long the operator has worked and with which
sorts of crane he is experienced)

12.6 Hoisting accessories

The candidate can describe the safety measures for working with chains

A link may only be put under load in the direction of the long axis
Do not force chains
Reject chains with stretched or distorted links
Protect against sharp corners of the load
Only extend chains with a special coupling link
Completely tighten fastenings and bolts
Never load the point of a hook

The candidate can describe the safety measures for working with steel cables

Store in a rack in a dry, well-ventilated space

Avoid contact with damp and corrosive substances
Regularly inspect for corrosion and damage
Protect with side wood or corner protectors if the load has sharp corners
Do not knot
Do not use with bad splices
Do not use if broken or with broken twine
Do not use if there is excessive rusting
Do not use if there is external damage
Do not use if there are broken or torn connections
Do not use if the diameter is reduced

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 96 of 139

The candidate can give examples of hoisting tools used together

Hoisting harness
Two-way, three-way, four-way

The candidate can name the maximum angle of spread in a combination

120 degrees

The candidate can name examples of situations where a hoisting harness is used

Moving a load with complicated dimensions exactly above the centre of gravity
If there is little space above the load
For multiple movements of similar loads
Since the cables hang vertically there is no chance of them slipping towards each
other over the load

12.7 Hand tackles

The candidate can describe what a hand tackle is

Hoisting equipment without drive that is operated by hand

The candidate can name examples of situations in which hand tackles are used

Positioning in vertical and horizontal directions of loads during hoisting operations

If the use of a crane is impossible
If the use of a crane is not efficient

The candidate can name the dangers of working with hand tackles

Part of a tackle breaking

The point where the tackle is fastened breaking

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 97 of 139

The candidate can describe the safety measures for working with hand tackles

Use sufficiently firm connecting points (never on landings, pipelines etc.)

Do not load the point of the hook
Do not overload
Never extend the handle with a pipe
Inspect before use; if defective return for repair and report to the manager

12.8 Fork lift truck

The candidate can describe what a fork lift truck is

A vehicle for moving loads on the forks or with special help resources

The candidate can name the dangers of working with fork lift trucks

Dropping the load

Load tilting over
Vehicle tilting over
Driving into persons, goods, buildings
Damaging goods or equipment by incorrect use
Inhaling diesel motor fumes when working in a closed space with a diesel fork lift
truck

The candidate can describe the safety measures for working with fork lift trucks

Load in a stable way, spread over the two forks

Never increase the counterbalance weight
Do not lift people without a special work bin
Drivers vision must be optimum
Do not lift without special help resources
Do not carry passengers without special seating
Take people in the surroundings into account

The candidate can name the demands made of a fork lift truck driver

Possess tested expertise

Use of a safety belt

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 98 of 139

12.9 Pallet wagon

The candidate can describe what a pallet wagon is

A vehicle with a lifting height of 20 cm that is suitable for manually or electrically

moving pallets

The candidate can name the dangers of working with pallet wagons

Back complaints because of an incorrect work posture

Painful shoulder and arms because of pulling a pallet wagon with a load that is too
heavy
Trapping fingers, ankles, feet and toes
Dropping the load
Driving into people, goods, buildings
Damaging goods and equipment because of incorrect use

The candidate can name the safety measures for working with pallet wagons

Stable load spread over two forks

Drive over flat ground
Ensure enough manoeuvring space

The candidate can describe the safety measures for the operator of pallet wagons

Pull the pallet wagon

Good posture

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 99 of 139

13. SPECIFIC OPERATIONS AND CIRCUMSTANCES

13.1 Welding and fires
The candidate can describe the dangers of electric welding

Electrocution
Fire and explosion from heating flying sparks
Burning of the skin by released UV-radiation
Burning of the cornea by released UV-radiation
Blinding by released infrared radiation
Heat radiation
Poisoning by welding smoke
Lung complaints from breathing welding smoke
Incorrect work posture

The candidate can describe safety measures for welding

Work permit system

Extraction of welding smoke
Ventilation
Personal protection: welding hood, welding apron, welding clothing, safety shoes, air
ventilated welding hood
Welding curtain for protecting persons in the surroundings from UV- and infrared
radiation
Extinguishing resources within hands reach

The candidate can describe the dangers of autogenic welding, cutting and burning

Oxygen cylinder under pressure, fire promoting, oxidising

Cylinder with acetylene or propane, inflammable and explosive
Flame flash back
Fire or explosion
Propane is heavier than air and stays around in pits, excavations and cellars

The candidate can describe the safety measures for autogenic welding, cutting and burning
with oxygen and acetylene/propane
Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 100 of 139

Store the acetylene cylinder standing vertically or lying at an angle of at least 30

When using propane take measures with regard to ventilation and/or continuous gas
measurement
Flame extinguisher in hose between acetylene cylinder and burner
Hose break protection
Back flow limiters on gas- and oxygen hoses of burner

13.2 Demolition
The candidate can describe the dangers of demolition work

Tripping and stumbling

Sticking out parts of the construction
Working at heights
Instability at the demolition front
Falling demolition material
Collapse
Release of dangerous substances
Noise

The candidate can describe the safety measures for demolition work

Personal fall protection

Take into account the supporting capability of remaining construction
Without a specific plan do not work above or below each other
Use waste shutes
Personal protective equipment; helmet, safety Shoes, overall, breathing protection,
hearing protection
Take inventory of the concentration of dangerous substances (asbestos inventory)

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 101 of 139

The candidate can describe the specific safety measures for removing asbestos and ceramic
fibres by simple actions

Apply a fixative
Break as little as possible
Use a P3 dust filter
Wear disposable overalls
Do not use a waste chute
Edge protection / safety nets

13.3 Working close to wall and floor openings

The candidate can describe the dangers of working close to wall and Floor openings

Falling through a wall opening

Falling through a Floor opening
Being hit by an object that falls through a wall or floor opening

The candidate can describe the safety measures for working close to wall and Floor openings

Cover with supportive material, secured firmly to the base

Fit railings or fences
If protection is not possible, mark dangers and make approaching difficult

13.4 Digging and working close to or in excavations

The candidate can describe the importance of careful digging and the prevention of digging
damage

Risk to safety
Risk to environment
Economic damage
Continuity of supply from utility companies

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 102 of 139

The candidate can name the dangers of digging

Electrocution by damaging cables carrying a voltage

Fire and explosion by damaging gas- and oil-pipes
Being buried by a collapsing trench
Water nuisance from water streaming in
Ground contamination by damaging pipes containing dangerous substances
Suffocation by damaging gas pipes
Ground contaminated by dangerous products and/or biological products

The candidate can name the rules for careful digging

Only dig when the site details are known

Only dig on the instructions of the manager or contractor
Dig test trenches
Follow the indications of the net administrator
Only dig when the location of cables and pipes has been established by test trenches
within 1,5 meters of the indicated location
Report possible deviations of locations or damage to the manager
When using a digging machine do not use a digging bin with teeth

The candidate can name the requirements according to the Ground Disturbance ruling

Orientation by requesting location details

Obligation for the ground disturber/actual digger to dig carefully and providing the
opportunity to do so
Reporting damage to a cable or pipe to the net administrator
Required report of all digging activity to the land registry (KLIC/Kadaster)
Reporting deviations in location (deviation > 1 meter) and presence of unknown net
(orphan pipe) to the land registry
Only (permit to) dig when the land registry information is available

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 103 of 139

The candidate can describe the safety measures for working by or in excavations

Good buttress and bank facilities

Adjust the slope of the banks to the depth of the excavation and nature of the
ground
Dug out earth at a safe distance
Facing properly connected to the edge of the excavation
Vehicles and materials at a safe distance
Fence work around the excavation
No gas cylinders in the excavation
Place two ladders
Treat a deep excavation as a confined space

13.5 Working at heights

The candidate can describe when regulations for working at height apply

From a standing height of 2.5 meters above the floor

Working with danger of falling above a dangerous point such as moving parts or
water surface

The candidate can describe the dangers of working at heights

Falling (e.g. from the edge of a roof, storey etc.)

Falling through a floor opening
Falling objects

The candidate can describe the safety measures for working at heights

Safe scaffolding, fit a landing or work floor

Fitting effective fencing, railings or other similar facilities: at a minimum railings, in
between railings and plinth (side frame)
Fitting safety nets
Close up floor openings
Use personal protective equipment

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 104 of 139

The candidate can describe the safety measures for working on sloping roofs

Use walking planks: when the roof covering is not strong enough and to move
around on the sloping surface
Hang up safety nets: when there are large openings in the roof and at the edge of a
sloping roof

The candidate can describe the required safety measures for working on a flat roof when
within four meters of the roof edge

Fit roof edge protection or safety nets

Use a harness belt if collective protection is not possible

The candidate can name what a ladder is used for

For bridging a certain height

For carrying out light operations

The candidate can name the rules for the carrying out of light work with ladders

The ladder is approved and fitted with a test sticker

When the use of scaffolding or a tower wagon is technically or economically
impractical
Standing height is less than 7.5 meters
Standing time is less than 4 hours
Force exerted is less than 100N (10 kg)
Stretching distance is maximum one arms length
Ladders may not be used above wind force 6

The candidate can describe the safety measures when working with ladders

Set up at an angle of about 75 degrees

Secure the bottom against sinking or slipping
Secure the top against slipping sideways
The ladder must stick out at least 1 meter above the place to which it provides access
Place the ladder on a solid base, not back to front or upside down
Keep rungs and ladder Shoes clean, do not climb the ladder with smooth or soiled
soles
Climb with your face to the ladder
Keep access to the ladder free of obstacles
Block a door or opening behind the ladder
Place metal ladders at least 2 meters from parts carrying electricity
Maintain three points of contact with the ladder: 2 feet, 1 hand; 2 hands, 1 foot

The candidate can describe the function of the scaffolding card

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 105 of 139

Indicates the maximum permissible load

Indicates whether the scaffolding may be used
Indicates whether the scaffolding has been tested, and for how long the test is valid

The candidate can describe the safety measures for the use of hanging scaffolding
Operator may not leave when there are persons in the hanging scaffolding and the
controls are not on the scaffolding itself
If there is a defect, leave the scaffolding
Do not leave ready for use and unattended
If there is no, or limited, eye contact between the operator and the persons in the
hang scaffolding, use a help resource for communication
Do not exceed the maximum load
Test before use
Persons in the hanging scaffolding must wear a harness belt that is fixed to a special
fixing point
Fence off the area under the scaffolding with ribbon or fences

The candidate can describe the safety measures for the use of rolling scaffolding

Block all wheels before use

Climb from inside
Hoist material and tools up with a rope
Keep the work floor tidy
Do not stand on the supports

The candidate can name the rules for moving rolling scaffolding

Do not move it if there are still persons on the rolling scaffolding

Stabilisers without wheels must be kept as close as possible to the ground, those
with wheels must be kept on the ground
Ensure that the supports and shores cannot become offset during the move
The base must be flat and hard, otherwise use facilities such as rails

The candidate can name the requirements that work cradles for persons must comply with

Tested, and a written proof of this must be present

Suspended by a four-way
On the outside, contains information about permitted workload, own mass,
permitted number of persons

The candidate can describe the safety measures to be taken when using work cradles for
persons
Crane operator and persons in the work cradle must where possible be able to see
each other
Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 106 of 139

Crane operator and persons can communicate with each other

One person in the work cradle gives instructions to the crane operator
Persons in the work cradle must wear harness belts and be connected to a
connection point in the cradle

The candidate can describe what a tower wagon is

Moveable work resource set up for moving persons to work at heights

The candidate can name examples of tower wagons

Self-driving tower wagon

On a trailer, truck or van
Scissor lift

The candidate can describe the dangers of working with tower wagons

Electrocution
Collision
Object falling from the platform
Getting stuck between object and platform
Tower wagon falling over
Falling out of the platform

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 107 of 139

The candidate can name the requirements with which tower wagons must comply

Possess a valid proof of testing

Must have a visible test sticker
Must have a late with the maximum loading weight
Must have a users handbook
Clear indications on the controls

The candidate can describe the safety measures for working with tower wagons

Horizontal on a flat base

Driving over long distances: Only drive with non-extended support, the arm lowered
and the cradle in neutral position
Driving over short distances
Do not use for hoisting operations
Do not use as a lift for people
Persons in the cradle must use fall protection that is fasten to the cradle
If the persons in the cradle are more than 25 meters above the ground, they must
use a mobile telephone
When used in a risky environment there must be assistance on the ground

The candidate can name requirements for operators of tower wagons

Possess demonstrably tested expertise

13.6 Working in confined spaces

The candidate can name the characteristics of confined spaces

Narrow, small, wet, smooth and little room for movement

Not intended for persons
Little natural ventilation
Difficult access
Poor escape possibilities
Poor lighting
Pipes and cables in unexpected places

The candidate can give examples of confined spaces

Storage reservoirs or tanks

Sewers and pipes
Lift shafts and crawl spaces
Welding or soldering tents in deep excavations, contaminated ground or pipelines

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 108 of 139

The candidate can describe the requirements for entering a confined space

Minimum oxygen percentage 19%

Explosive gas mixture present less than 10% of the LEL
Concentration of poisonous gasses or vapours must be lower than the limit value
Sufficient air refreshing
Warning signs against entrance by unauthorised persons
Pipes connected to the space must be closed off or uncoupled
With a valid work permit or written mitigation
Those who enter must be at least 18 years old
When the space is clean and dry
With permanent observation

The candidate can name the rules regarding taking measurements in a confined space where
there is a danger of suffocation, stupefying, poisoning, fire or explosion

Carried out by expert person

In multiple places
Periodic or continuous

The candidate can describe the safety measures regarding supervision of a confined space
where there is a danger of suffocation, stupefying, poisoning, fire or explosion

Carry out supervision

Stay in communication with person in space
Alarming the help department/service if the person in the space is in danger
Checking ventilation

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 109 of 139

The candidate can name the requirements for the person with the task of permanent
observation

Possesses demonstrably tested expertise

The candidate can explain the increased suffocation danger in a confined space

Lack of oxygen because of the presence of inert gas

The candidate can explain the increased fire and explosion danger in a confined space

Insufficient ventilation, whereby the lower explosion limit is reached quickly

Presence of inflammable substances in the space
presence of inflammable substances in the material or when removing layers of rust
Open fire or sparks in the confined space

The candidate can explain the increased risk of poisoning in a confined space

Presence of poisonous substances whereby the concentration can exceed the limit
value

The candidate can explain the increased danger of electrocution in a confined space

Because of poor ventilation the body temperature is raised and there is more
humidity, which enables more conduction

The candidate can describe the safety measures regarding the duration of stay in a confined
space

As short as possible

The candidate can describe the safety measures regarding ventilation in a confined space

Natural ventilation
Mechanical ventilation
Local extraction when gasses and vapours are released

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 110 of 139

The candidate can name which extra personal protective equipment can be worn in a
confined space

Independent breathing protection (so: no filter masks) when there is a concentration

of dangerous gasses/vapours above the limit value and the oxygen percentage is too
low
Hearing protection (depending on the type of operations and the nature of the
confined space)
Rescue line, unless this creates extra danger

The candidate can describe the safety measures for reducing the danger of electrocution in a
confined space

Make electrical equipment voltage-free in the correct manner

In confined spaces with conductive walls use safe voltage

The candidate can name the rule regarding moving parts in confined spaces

Disabled by an expert and locked

The candidate can describe the safety measures for the use of oxygen and other gasses in
confined spaces

Beforehand check hoses for leaks

Place gas cylinders outside the space
During pauses and on completing operations place the burners and hoses outside
the space

The candidate can describe the safety measures for welding and cutting work in confined
spaces

Remove or cover all inflammable substances

Keep extinguishing resources within hands reach
Check for oxygen leaks
Local extraction in connection with welding fumes
For electric welding use a safe voltage

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 111 of 139

The candidate can describe the safety measures when applying paint products in confined
spaces

Use independent breathing protection

Ventilation of the whole space
All equipment must be earthed in connection with static electricity
Ventilation must be continued until several days after the painting work
Do not seal oxygen from the space for hardening

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 112 of 139

14. ELECTRICITY AND RADIATION

14.1 Dangers of electricity
The candidate can name the dangers connected with the use of electricity

Electrocution
Wounds from sparks and arcing
Injury from an electric shock and reaction to an electric shock
Fire and explosion danger

The candidate can name the factors on which injury as a result of current flowing through
the human body are dependent

Route that the current takes through the body

Current strength
Duration of current flow
The voltage and the associated current
Physical condition

The candidate can describe the influence that a current of 30 mA has on the human body

Increase in blood pressure, difficult irregular heartbeat, unconsciousness, chance of

fibrillation, cramps

The candidate can describe the difference between direct and alternating current

Direct current is less dangerous than alternating current (in general)

120 V direct current and 50 V alternating current are (under dry conditions) not
dangerous (guideline)
Direct current causes large arcs than alternating current when there is a short-circuit

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 113 of 139

The candidate can name the factors that influence the current strength when current flows
through the body
Voltage
Dampness of the skin
Thickness of the skin
Area of contact (the larger the area, the greater the current)
Resistance of the standing place (linoleum and a rubber mat have a high resistance, a
gravel covered earth floor or a concrete floor are good conductors and so have a
lower resistance)

The candidate can describe the way in which an employee can suffer secondary injuries
when working with electricity

When current passes the victim can jump and thereby be injured
With a short circuit being hit by material flying around
With a short circuit being thrown away by the pressure wave

The candidate can describe the way in which one can be wounded by fire phenomena

Wounds can be caused by coming into contact with an electric arc; cause of this arc
can be a short-circuit

The candidate can describe the creation of a short-circuit

When two parts carrying different voltages come into direct contact with each other

The candidate can name the factors that determine the creation and size of an electric arc

Size of the voltage between the parts

Current strength

The candidate can name the causes of the creation of fire and explosion by an electric
current

Sparks or arcing
Excessive temperature increases in parts of an electrical installation in spaces where
there is a danger of explosion or spaces with an explosive gas mixture

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 114 of 139

The candidate can name the causes of accidents in connection with working with electricity

Defective and unreliable machines, equipment and cables

Poor or missing earth connections
Incorrect installation or assembly
Direct or indirect touching of parts carrying voltage
Careless use of electrical installations and/or materials
Not paying attention, negligence and ignorance

14.2 Safety measures for working with electricity

The candidate can name the safety measures for working with electricity

Physical screening off

Double insulation
Insulation
Earth leak protection
Use of very low voltages
Earthing

The candidate can describe the concept physical screening off

By fitting screening or coverings parts carrying voltage are made inaccessible

The candidate can name examples of physical screening off

Switch box
The outside of a washing machine

The candidate can describe the concept insulation

Voltage carrying parts are made inaccessible by surrounding them with nonconductive material that can only be removed by breaking it

The candidate can name examples of insulating materials

Rubber
Plastic
Ceramics

The candidate can describe the function and working of the earth leak switch

Signals earth leaks; when current to earth exceeds a certain value, the earth leak
switch turns off the current

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 115 of 139

The candidate can name the limitations of an earth leak switch

Does not offer absolute safety

Must be tested regularly
Offers no protection against excessive current, warming up and short-circuiting

The candidate can describe the concept safety earthing

Connecting the external metal parts of electrical equipment with earth

The candidate can describe the function of safety earthing

When an electrical device is defective prevents external metal parts becoming live

The candidate can name the rule regarding fitting safety earthing

When earthing, connect to the existing earth network as far as possible

The candidate can say when scaffolding must be connected to earth

Earthing of scaffolding is mandatory when there are electric cables and/or electric
material (such as hand tools) on the scaffolding that are not at a safe voltage

The candidate can name the safety measure that must be taken concerning Electricity with
regard to containers

Connect according to the regulations, so also earthed

14.3 Working on and near electrical installations

The candidate can describe the concept layman for working on or near electrical installations
carrying voltage

Someone who is not electro-technically expert

The candidate can name the authority of the layman for working on or near electrical
installations carrying voltage

None

The candidate can describe the concept Sufficiently Instructed Person for working on or near
electrical installations carrying voltage

Someone who is sufficiently instructed by a professionally competent person,

whereby they are capable of preventing dangers that can be caused by electricity

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 116 of 139

The candidate van name the authorities of a Sufficiently Instructed Person for working on or
near electrical installations carrying voltage

Carrying out carefully described operations for which there have been demonstrably
sufficient instruction and under regular supervision: for electro-technical operations
of greater depth, an extensively qualified professional person is required

14.4 Temporary electrical material

The candidate can describe the safety measures to be taken before working with electrical
material

Visual control of damage and deviations

Report damage and do not use damaged material

The candidate can name the protection value of the earth leak switch that must be added to
the building current connection box for extra safety

30 mA earth leak switch (per exiting connection)

300 mA earth leak switch (general)

The candidate can describe the danger of the use of cable drums

If a cable drum is not completely rolled out when used, this can become very hot and
cause a fire

The candidate can describe safety measures for the use of cable drums

Always respect the maximum permitted power of the drum in rolled up and rolled
out condition
Roll out cable drums fully

The candidate can describe the danger of the use of power supply and extension cables

Overloading the cable

The candidate can describe the safety measure for the use of power supply and extension
cables

Ensure that the power supply or extension cable is suitable for the equipment to be
connected to it

The candidate can describe control measures for working with electrical tools

Visual control of damage and deviations

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 117 of 139

Do not use damaged material

Report damage

The candidate can name the various protections for the casing

Double insulation does not protect against damp and dust

Protection against entry of moisture (e.g. rain)
Protection against entry of dust
Protection against knocks and falling objects

14.5 Static electricity

The candidate can describe the concept static electricity

A build-up of electrical voltage in a different way than in regular electrical systems

The candidate can name situations in which static electricity can be present

Rising gas or vapour bubbles that cause turbulence

With paint spraying or other similar activities
Rubbing over plastic
Pneumatic transport of powders and granules in mixers, dosing locks of weighing
bunkers, tankers
Rubbing of clothing over the skin
Drive belts
For some liquids, when running through plastic pipes or when stirred
Walking over nylon carpeting

The candidate can describe the dangers of static electricity

Discharge of static electricity can result in a spark jump-over

Static discharges can damage sensitive electronic equipment

The candidate can name measures to limit static electricity

Earth Pipelines, equipment and tanks

Limit the falling height of the product in a storage tank or vessel
Limit the streaming speed
When earthing connect as far as possible to the existing earthing network
Wear anti-static footwear and clothing

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 118 of 139

14.6 Ionising radiation

The candidate can describe the concept ionising radiation

Radiation that is able to create electrically charged particles in the radiated material,
and thereby change the structure of that material

The candidate can describe the concept radioactive substance

Substance that emits ionising radiation

The candidate can name activities and situations in which ionising radiation is used or can be
created

Natural gas winning, processing ore

Medical, nursing
Atomic power stations
Detection equipment
Material control
Measuring equipment in the process industry

The candidate can describe the concept natural radioactivity

The spontaneous emission by natural substances of ionising and non-ionising

radiation

The candidate can describe factors on which exposure to ionising radiation is dependent

Distance to the source of radiation

Sort of radioactive substance
Duration of exposure to the radiation

The candidate can describe safety measures against ionising radiation

Keep at the greatest possible distance

Avoid contamination by a radioactive substance by practising good hygiene and
keeping packaging of radioactive substances unbroken
Fence off the area around the source
Wear the correct PPE
Place warning signs
Carry out (permanent) measurements

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 119 of 139

The candidate can name the obligations of employees who work with equipment or
substance with ionising radiation

Measure and follow up on the personal amount of radiation absorbed

Be medically tested

The candidate can name the tasks of the radiation expert that a company must call upon

Supervising radiation safety and hygiene

Checking whether employees, tools, material or workplace are contaminated
If necessary, prescribe extra measures or call a work stoppage

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 120 of 139

14.7 Non-ionising radiation

The candidate can describe the concept non-ionising radiation

Other radiation, less strong than ionising radiation, not able to create ions

The candidate can name examples of non-ionising radiation

Microwaves
Ultraviolet radiation
Sunlight
Laser beams
Infrared radiation
Radio waves

The candidate can describe safety measures for preventing harm to health by non-ionising
radiation

Attention to instructions and information on equipment

Respect the instructions regarding duration of use
Respect safety distances

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 121 of 139

15. ERGONOMIC WORKPLACE

15.1 System of person and work environment
The candidate can name the elements that determine the circumstances of the work
environment

Light
Sound
Climate
Vibrations

The candidate can name the elements that determine the physical stress of the person

Effort
Movement
Work posture

15.2 Workplace and noise

The candidate can name the dangers of too much noise

Loss of concentration
Temporary or permanent deafness
Reduced speech intelligibility

The candidate can name the possible consequences of too much sound

Disturbance of the communication that is necessary during the operations

Not hearing warnings or calls for help
Permanent hearing damage
Nervousness
Reduced concentration
Tiredness
Headache
Increased speed of breathing
Stomach and intestinal complaints
Raised blood pressure

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 122 of 139

The candidate can name phenomena whereby permanent hearing damage can be recognised

Trouble hearing high notes or soft sounds

Trouble using the telephone
Trouble following a conversation in noisy surroundings
Hearing whistles, beeps or hums that do not originate in the surroundings

The candidate can describe how the total sound pressure of two sound sources can be
determined

Two equal sound sources together cause an increase in sound pressure of 3 dB

(logarithmic effect)
The result of two different sound levels together can be determined from a table

The candidate can describe the measure of how sound level decreases with increasing
distance

Doubling the distance gives a reduction of about 6 dB(A)

The candidate can name the measurement units in which sound level is expressed

dB(A) or decibel(A)

The candidate can name a rule of thumb for estimating when sound is harmful

When at a normal speaking distance you have to raise your voice to make yourself
understood

The candidate can describe control measures against too much sound and their priority

1. Reduce the sound level of the sound source

2. Screen off the sound source
3. Damp sound vibrations in the surroundings
4. Personal hearing protection

The candidate can name from which sound level an employer must take which measures

From 80 dB(A), possibility of hearing examination, make hearing protection available

From 85 dB(A), control plan with measures, signalling with signs

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 123 of 139

15.3 Workplace and vibrations

The candidate can describe two sorts of physical vibration

Hand-/arm vibrations: can be created by the use of mechanical (hand) tools

Body vibrations: can be transferred by a vehicle, large installation or moving floor

The candidate can name health complaints that can be a consequence of hand and arm
vibrations

Pain in hands and arms

Damage to blood vessels and joints in the fingers and hand
Lack of feeling in finger tips
White fingers

The candidate can name the health complaints that can be a consequence of body vibrations

Stomach complaints
Back complaints
Tiredness
Headache
Muscle pain
Reduced concentration
Disorders of the balance organ

The candidate can name the safety measures against the health dangers of vibrations

Take into account when purchasing machines

Fitting damping/insulation, e.g. hand tools fitted with a damping handle or using
vibration damping gloves
Application of alternative techniques
Limiting the duration of exposure

15.4 Workplace and climatological circumstances

The candidate can name the factors on which work comfort is dependent

Climatological circumstances
Effort
Clothing

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 124 of 139

The candidate can name factors that influence the climatological circumstances at the
workplace

Surrounding temperature
Radiation warmth
Humidity
Nuisance air movements (draughts)

The candidate can name control measures for work comfort

Keep the temperature as comfortable and even as is reasonably possible and

adjusted to the physical effort
No annoying draughts
Limit exposure
If necessary issue specific PPE
Maintain correct humidity

15.5 Workplace and lighting

The candidate can name points of attention for determining the correct lighting at the
workplace

The smaller the details that people have to be able to detect, the stronger the
lighting must be
Older employees need more light
Contrasts in a work space must not be too great
Reflection of light must be avoided
The intensity of lighting reduces with use or age
Depending on the operations, the lighting strength must comply with existing
regulations

15.6 Physical and mental stress during work

The candidate can name factors that influence physical stress

Heaviness of the work

Movements that must be made
Work posture

The candidate can name working conditions that hold a risk for the creation of physical
complaints

Duration of effort

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 125 of 139

Sitting or standing for long periods

Incorrect posture
Exposure to vibrations
The need to carry out many repetitive operations
Excessive effort such as heavy lifting

The candidate can describe a function of a rest period during work

Prevention of over-stressing

The candidate can describe the concept static stress

Stress caused by continual tensing of the muscles

The candidate can name the dangers to health of static stress

Reduced circulation resulting in lack of feeling

Muscle pain and/or cramp
Chronic tiredness

The candidate can describe the concept dynamic stress

Stress caused by muscle movements, successively tensing and relaxing

The candidate can name health complaints that can result from excessive dynamic stress

Tiredness
Muscle pain
Injury

The candidate can name factors that influence mental stress

Pressure of work
Task versus capacities
Relationship with colleagues
Relationship with managers and subordinates
Physical work conditions
Work times ruling
Work (in)security
Infrastructure, equipment

The candidate can name a factor that determines individual stress limits for manual lifting

Degree to which people are physically able to lift

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 126 of 139

The candidate can name factors that determine how risky manual lifting is

Horizontal distance between body and load

Vertical distance between load and the ground
Vertical movement distance
Frequency
Degree to which the upper body is rotated in relation to the lower body
Contact area of hands with the load
Weight of the load
Dimensions of the load in relation to the centre of gravity

The candidate can name organisational rules for safe manual lifting and moving

Allow employees to set their own tempo

Take short breaks
Divide lifting operations amongst multiple persons

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 127 of 139

The candidate can name the measure that applies to pregnant women who perform manual
lifting

Pregnant women may not perform manual lifting in the last three months of
pregnancy

The candidate can describe safety measures that the employer must take to reduce the
dangers of manual lifting

If the work cannot be done safely in any way, the employer must apply a different
manner of working
If the rules for safe lifting and moving do not sufficiently reduce the danger, the
employer must issue suitable help resources and ensure their use
Arranging training and instruction for safe lifting and moving
Health supervision if there is a risk of back injury

The candidate can describe the correct posture for manual lifting and moving

Lift with a straight back and bent knees

Hold the load as close to the body as possible

The candidate can describe the dangers of manual lifting and moving

Back injuries from incorrect lifting

Dropping the load because of insufficient grip
Trapping fingers when putting the load down

The candidate can describe the safety measures for manual lifting and moving

Maximum weight to be lifted 25 Kg (advice)

Avoid lifting when seated
Do not lift too high
Do not move the load too far
Watch out for smooth, uneven floors, holes and steps
Determine the tempo yourself and take short breaks
Lift calmly

The candidate can describe the safety measures for the person who lifts loads

Wear safety clothing and PPE

Regularly change posture

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 128 of 139

The candidate can name guidelines for sitting correctly when working

Regularly change posture: walk, stand, sit, various sitting postures

Ensure an optimum sitting posture

The candidate can describe the optimum sitting posture when working

Good support for the upper legs on the seat of the chair
Good back position
Relief of the shoulders, e.g. arm rests

The candidate can name working conditions under which standing is preferable to sitting

If there is insufficient legroom

If forces greater than 45 N (4.5 kg) must be used
If one often has to reach low, high or far from the body
If one often has to stand up from the workplace
If downwards forces must be exerted

The candidate can name a help resource for working standing up

Standing support: this relieves the legs and feet because the weight of the body is
supported Personal protective equipment (PPE)

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 129 of 139

16. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)

16.1 Application, responsibilities and duties with the use of PPE
The candidate can name when PPE must be used

If dangers cannot be removed at the source

If dangers cannot be insulated or screened off
If dangers cannot be solved by collective measures

The candidate can describe what PPE is

Every piece of equipment intended to be worn or held by the employee to protect

him against one or more dangers that can threaten his health or safety at work
Additions and accessories that must be used together with the PPE

The candidate can describe the function of PPE

Must protect the wearer against dangers that can threaten his health or safety

The candidate can name the obligations of manufacturers with regard to the requirements
that PPE must meet

Actually supply the offered protection

Be reliable
Be tested
Have a CE-marking

The candidate can name the person responsible for making PPE available

Employer or temporary employer

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 130 of 139

The candidate can name the obligations that the employer has with regard to PPE

Regular controls
Correct maintenance
Correct use
Store carefully
Administer properly

16.2 Eye and face protection

The candidate can name the dangers to eyes and the face during work

Hard sharp particles flying around

Glowing particles flying around when grinding, welding, burning
Dust particle flying around when chopping, drilling
Splashes of liquids flying around: corrosive, irritating, harmful
Warmth, light, radiation: ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR)

The candidate can name various forms of eye and face protection

Safety goggles
Wide vision goggles
Face screens
Welding goggles, welding hoods, welding screens, welding helmets, welding masks

The candidate can describe the most important properties of several eye and face protectors

Safety goggles: glasses of hardened glass or plastic, mostly with side caps
Wide vision goggles: fits to the face, open or completely dust-free ventilation
openings in the raised edge
Face screen: screen covering the whole face made of plastic or metal gauze (no
protection against substances, gasses, vapours, dust particles that come from below)
Welding goggles: clear window or hardened glass or plastic and a darkened window
(mostly raisable)
Welding hoods, welding screens: over the whole face, with a darkened window
(sometimes in combination with a clear window)

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 131 of 139

The candidate can describe when various eye and face protectors are used

Safety goggles: against hard, Sharp particles flying around

Wide vision goggles: in a dusty environment, when grinding, chopping and drilling
and against splashes of dangerous liquids
Face screen: against dust flying around, dangerous liquids and glowing particles
flying around when there is a short-circuit, for work with high pressure cleaners (no
protection against substances, gasses, vapours, dust particles that come from below)
Welding goggles: for welding with gas and against particles flying around when
chiselling and grinding
Welding hood, welding screen, welding helmet or welding mask: for electric welding
and against ultraviolet and infrared radiation, warmth and metal particles flying
around and sparks

16.3 Hearing protection

The candidate can name the dangers to hearing during work

Noise deafness in the long term

Other sounds are masked
Intelligibility is disturbed

The candidate can name various forms of hearing protection

Cotton wool wads

Bungs
Plugs
Ear plugs
Oto plastics
Ear caps

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 132 of 139

The candidate can describe the most important properties and applications of several types
of hearing protection

Cotton wool wads or bungs: plasticised and give a maximum protection of about 10
dB(A)
Plugs: specially formed small plastic rods or malleable foam rolls that are worn in the
ear; the maximum protection is around 10 to 15 dB(A)
Universal ear plugs: specially formed; they are fixed to a brace that is worn around
the neck; depending on the pitch they offer a protection of between 10 and 15 dB(A)
Oto plastics: made from a mould in the ear, contain a replaceable or adjustable filter
that blocks sound, maximum protection approx. 25 dB(A)
Ear caps: look like large headphones, close off the ears from the environment,
protection factor is dependent of the sort of cap and the pitch of the sound,
maximum protection about 25 dB(A)

The candidate can name when an employer must make hearing protection available and
when it must be worn

Make available at sound levels from 80 dB(A)

Must be worn from a sound level of 85 dB(A)

16.4 Breathing protection

The candidate can name the dangers to breathing during work

Too low oxygen concentration

Too high concentration of vapours, gasses or dust particles
Hinder from vapour, gas, dust

The candidate can name various forms of breathing protection

Filter masks with a dust filter

Filter masks with a gas/vapour filter
Independent breathing protection with air to breath via a cylinder or ait line
Independent breathing protection that sucks in fresh air

The candidate can name the most important properties of several breathing protection
resources

Filter masks clean the air to be breathed

Independent breathing protection: the clean air from an external source is blown
into the mask for example via cylinders, air lines or a breathing air unit

The candidate can describe the most important properties of filter masks
Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 133 of 139

Do not use with an oxygen concentration that is too low

Filters have a limited use dependent on the sort of filter, the concentration of
product in the air and the amount of air that is breathed
Dust filters are categorised in the classes: P1 nuisance dust, P2 harmful dust, P3
poisonous dust
Gas vapour filters are categorised by absorption capacity and the sort of gas/vapour
that the filter blocks
Dust filters do not prevent gasses or vapours
Dust filters become blocked after prolonged use
Gas vapour filters become saturated and leak

The candidate can describe when breathing protection resources with filters are used

If the concentration of the contamination is higher than the limit value

Escape masks for use in emergency situations

The candidate can describe when independent breathing protection must be used

When there is less than 19% oxygen in the air

With large and unknown concentrations of dangerous substances in the air

The candidate can describe when independent breathing protection must be used in a
confined space

When working with substances above the limit value

The candidate can describe when various filter- breathing protection resources are used

Snout: only against dust, not for gasses or vapours

Half- and full face masks with an insert mechanism: only against dust, not for gasses
or vapours
Half- and full face masks (mostly made of rubber) with a screw edge: against dust
and gasses or vapours
Full face masks: cover the whole face

The candidate can describe the various independent breathing resources

Worn loosely over the head with support on the shoulders

Air is carried off via the chest
Additional air is supplied to the air hood without restriction
Additional air is supplied from cylinders, from a compressor via air lines or via pipes
on a ventilator

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 134 of 139

The candidate can describe how full face masks with air bottles work as independent
breathing protection

The air is sucked from the bottles via an automatic lung

The candidate can name the rules or use for breathing protection resources

Instruction and practise before use

Air for fresh air hoods, breathing air pipes and compressed breathing air bottles must
be filtered and of good quality
Maintain well and clean regularly
Check that the filter is suitable for filtering the gas/vapour or dust
Check that the mask fits properly (fit test)
No facial hair (can cause leaks and prevent correct functioning)

16.5 Head protection

The candidate can name dangers to the head during work

Falling objects
Knocks

The candidate can name various forms of head protection

Safety helmet
Crash helmet

The candidate can describe the most important properties of a safety helmet

Inside: absorb the shock and distribute it across the head

Outside: sufficiently strong to prevent the falling object or knock reaching the head

The candidate can describe how safety helmets are used

Adjust the inside properly

Replace after a certain period
Replace after a fall, knock or falling object
Metal helmets are prohibited in industry: they conduct electricity

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 135 of 139

16.6 Hand- and arm protection

The candidate can name the dangers for hands and arms during work

Sharp objects
Heat
Cold
Radiation
Dangerous substances

The candidate can name various forms of hand and arm protection

Gloves in various materials

Gloves with an extended wrist and/or arm protection in various materials

The candidate can describe when various hand and arm protection is used

Cut resistant gloves when cutting

Insulating gloves for heat or cold
Plastic or rubber gloves for dangerous substances

The candidate can name when leather or fabric gloves may not be worn during work

Do not wear leather or fabric gloves when using dangerous substances

The candidate can name when no gloves may be worn during work

No gloves close to rotating parts so as not to be caught

16.7 Foot and leg protection

The candidate can name the dangers for the feet and legs during work

Falling objects
Standing on sharp objects
Dangerous substances
Slipping
Build-up of static electricity

The candidate can name various forms of foot and leg protection

Safety shoes
Safety boots

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 136 of 139

The candidate can name the most important properties of several foot and leg protectors

Steel toecap to protect the toes against heavy falling objects

Steel in-between sole against standing on sharp objects
Anti-slip sole

The candidate can describe when foot and leg protection is used

In the building industry safety shoes with steel toecaps are mandatory
Safety boots are required where water or dangerous substances can be present
Anti-static shoes in areas where there is a danger of explosion

The candidate can name the rules of use for safety shoes

Regular maintenance and polishing

Do not dry wet shoes close to a heating radiator
Replace them if they are worn out or have been in contact with dangerous
substances

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 137 of 139

16.8 Body protection

The candidate can name dangers to the body during work

Dirt
Dangerous substances
Warmth
Cold
Rain
Poor visibility

The candidate can name various forms of body protection

Overall
Protective clothing
Disposable clothing
All weather clothing
Insulating underwear
Rain clothing
Signal clothing

The candidate can describe when various body protections are used

Overall: against dirt, for welding and grinding

Protective clothing: use of dangerous substances, heat, cold, radiation
Signal clothing: use for visibility
All weather clothing and insulating underwear: for low temperatures

The candidate can name the rules of use for body protection

Do not clean with compressed air

Soiled clothing to be cleaned immediately or replaced
Wear closed near moving, rotating parts
Damaged clothing to be repaired immediately or replaced
Disposable clothing is thrown away after using once

16.9 Fall protection

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 138 of 139

The candidate can name the danger of working at heights

Falling

The candidate can name the various forms of fall protection

Systems that prevent the fall: safety harness, a connection point and anchor point
Systems that catch the fall: safety harness, fall damper, connecting line and anchor
point

The candidate can describe when the various fall protections are used

Use the positioning system in such a way that falling is impossible by keeping
sufficient distance from the drop
Fall catching system: use such that the fall distance is as limited as possible and that
the shock of the fall is damped as far as possible
Personal fall protection resources: use where other protections such as railings, edge
protection or safety nets cannot be applied

The candidate can name the rules of use for the various fall protections

Fall protection that has caught a fall must be tested

Fall protection systems and harness belts must be tested at least once a year
Catching lines must not be dirty
Fall dampers and harness belts to be stored in a dry and clean place
Harness belts must fit properly and be adjusted for the wearer
Control by the user of amongst other things, wear and fraying

The candidate can describe the danger and the safety measures after a fall with a safety
harness

Cutting off of the circulation to the lower body resulting in unconsciousness and
possibly death within 10-20 minutes
Always try to keep moving the legs and try to pull oneself up on the fall line to
reduce pressure on the legs
Work with a minimum of two persons, to call for help

Version 2014

PlusPort B.V.

Page 139 of 139