-------_ .. _._-_ ...

Basic Carpentry·

Aoo-i~ I:)e.'j'ails Jllil III I III 1::1111 I I I 11~,

Basic hoJKh~;,;;. Ii_I! 1;;;,I,~;;",liil,!oIi" .1101,.1101 1M

~JIe~ Lftl} 'Mi<k Ar~" 100

lBUlliIilig a Psrttli"on wall:

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firmlig an Qpani'ng tor an

lntarler iJoo,r _._._._._._._._._._ 1 'nlfi

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IFl:nls~[r.~ WI'iUs: i!I Ci!~.lhl~S; .••• " •• .:130 ·ln91:aH1Dg W~ Ilil;;ln;l .. _._ .. _._ ..... _ .•. _._·~:a2

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I~ an Attic Cailing ._ ..... _._._._1-114. II'I$:~ .f:! II"t~hlJng

!f!~~r ti~ I I • .,.,.,.,llIlrnlllri • I 14.13

:5fi1jftlsnitig arJ llri~ Oooi" ... _._ ... _150 In-s'tding,,~ ,s., Ii!linOOw

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JiJ: til;>il(J ~r _ -; ~~, ~ ,~k:gr.

i~a,!ni:!

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:2:. lIlW~l~!F-MaJll"i'IBf;IlIJ'i[l8i aI'id! ~~l"-' JiimlPBure' ll'iBJl"ium~. C~li1iwi ~utli~ ilntElrm'lklfiai1 II. BI~ it WiB.~_~ ~1!iL3~'11M1h!!1 Cci~1 ~Il. MI:lJ

~7_'065 ,2O!)IIJ 169-4~1

. - -

Advanced Projects

l~" l:ar ~~!':II O:!l:lr'II1;gJ'~,

R\Qmo~~i")Ij W~llS "",,; ""-,; ,,, -- n~i

IRe: ewingl ~1!1J.oomjI u 172

:Reino'.'ingl Flla!!ter .. _ .. _._ _ .. __ ._._._. il;';jj

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Wlm;lO'llIi: __ ..... _ .. _._ .. _._._ ... _._._._._._. iaG

~~klF!~1 ieFfiD~ &!ppoFiiS; .. - .. -. '~~ ~ng, Ink::!;ior Wizins ......... ~ ... 186

,Ff1ml!l~ ,i!! IrrWiliing D~ " .. , ... _192 'Fr.Q~~ af.IlE.~iCFi~r IJc:o.r

O~ .. _._ ..... _ ... _._._._._,_ _._._ 193

il'il$t;lI~ .tan 1E'l'ItJy ~1_ .. no _ 'i~

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S/~e'W3S~ C:a,bfnlS! rs & C-o un ,I·e nop s

l~dl!W1I ShllllQ ._, ••••• a, •• ,., •• , •• _ ••• , •• 2~n llWrdin ~ FlC!O'",·';[Q-iC eiling

~l\ri3-8rll 1.1 .1 111 I I 222

~ing UIffi§y Sheitvea_ ..... _._ .. _._._.:22:ii ~inQ a!lIIlJl"idef@'~

WOrk Q.eni.l2f 1.1.1.1"'.1' 1111111111 I_I"'_I~

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Ot'd CanIMIS :?!iO

IPrsparirrI,jJ I@J" NEMr Ca'binets: .. _ •. _.~ ine!alllng C;S~~ .. _._ ..... _._ ... _._ .. _._~,

11!:1I~l»!llf!Ull)JllrrlBmlp!: •••••••••••• ,,,'262 In!it@HrJ~ ;(',! P(JM·1'(m1J

Ct!b1n~iop ...... _." .•.•.. ,_,_._,_._ .• ,_.~,

IBl,J1L1;1ing :I!I CI,!~gl'l1l lLamina!;g

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loon, . " .. " .. "." .. " ..... , .... " .. " .. " .... ,,2M

Mat rial chronlory prawem au ors.klrn

A canpC3fl1ry pro~t can be lun and rev'a~ing. hut it F€lQuir~3 more 'lJl"mn .just a k.nack ~or Qull Ilg Il.!Im~ b~1f and pounding nails. In fact. yoo natural abilrty \;vitn '~ool~ may I"IO~ aftsclll1e f,inished p:.rod~c't as m-uch as. ~tOU~ emeFJlioll to details, materials, (()!5~, and local bu[ldl~~ ceees, Addt'6SS these. lssues lin u-.e p arming stagta~, S'O JOO cen use 'Y.o"U~ time' effiolanl1Y once you start tiQ CiJ~. St·an any lPi"OJecl ~Y . a-skling yoorw.J~ Ihe questlon"ls oolo'!\l. Once y'?1J ve addressed ead.1·C!uesIlIlJiFfl, !P'OOI can 'feel eMfl ent aboot t ie proI~t you",re eboui to start.

h~ a [~mn. required? Most btl~lding .dep.a~m!!i i'eQjIJire a permit if your cerpe _·'br)' project w!11 s.gn]ficMl wy aJ~er ]pIoot hOOle's: condilio . Yoo'il pll"ob-Et~ bly neea a pel1nnit b-r ~lI!hi~~ m~o:r,e e.:densvve than Ireplacing.a rQ1!1:ed 'iIfI ndO'lN_ Permlls. are requi ed 'for at:ltljing cr. re.placing D€6ImS" pQ;St~. . ioists. raft@r,s~ ibr buir.cJing ~:dditlo.ns: for COOfelf~ln{;l ~. basern-lI~n-'1Jf ~~~ic: arnd! for many o.ihe'J· Prw~c'ts. Ask yQU~ ooild-ng department far flll¥ rrteratur~ on carpentry projects. I'f a penni . [5 req red, you'll need mo shmN' an inspeckJr a dfilti!1 ed <dlagJl1'lffi and is! List o·f building mEltteri6lls before you Oeg-n.

lHow will 'the [~role'C<t .. atfeci. m,' 1I\!!I~g :space? Buitdillg a wall Of in'S~allll1g a fle\1I ~:. 1':11100 [ff'!ay dr,as..~ally change' your living envl~rmnenl. M&\(e SlJir~ you coneloer tile p as a:.d cone each project \\1111 [l:lroduce b~Qre 5tarting.

W,IiI&1: type~ 1!O:~' materlBI5 -wnU work bes'~' :k;t my project'?, To. rn.f!jlntain e oommon tllenne ~ro~g - out a room, ci'!c.QSe· b!Ji1d~l"lgl matel'iiars thai. mat-cll yoo . existing liYrJig space. AfrrNBiYS choose. "We.JI-craft.ed if'llate.rJaJls tat meet ltie {reQJuirements or local building codes,

Wlb~ol'l·t,ooI5, do II'ill.ee.d11 Each caspentry p~ct rli this bOOk.IJIDludes a list .a~ tools. fJlCluding portabl€ power tools .. ~ tools. such as i!l. , po""~r drill and crn::ILI~~r SBW. s.hDuld b0 CQ~SIQ.. tEN;;:dl ~:;;8.QntiaJ. OU,;frfS, such ~ a power mlllBif ,saw Of rooter, simpl,if'y ~Ile job" but ,are lfIot e.-;sse-ntla_~ .. Dado curs fm $helvas can be made !,;!$JFflg, al CIii'ClJ-· lair saw. instead of e touter. MakJingl miU~t· cu.& wlth a back "sew and m~te:r be Is al!iO pQS~ble_ Us-ngl di eil@nt tools to' cOl'ltolQte specif·ic tas1<s uswally .ak@s extra lima. bUI. yOu'll t:t.e able -Q enjoy a sense of crr!lfil_:sm~nship thaI: using h~nd tools bdngs,Q a IPrQj~ct

M atorial chronicnv prawem autorsklrn

!ll.8, ~:ttl!e, F,1irvi~t: !J~g Z m~g' ie;pe ,on the Hloor t'lJ< i'ndicate 'Iile brur'!.dar1ies of ~l1e pll"(l.i~ct, ;!!i,n as'l.!iJlBiI,siz:€ layoot wil~ ~e~p ~ visooJize, the end resutt and can ofoon draw Y'fi!!Jr <1il1Sit1k!n ~o 'l~sU-{lS tihat arerrt aD\liIDus froOiiI'l a scala 'drawlng'_

~tliIiiII c.:LJtitili~ ~8I!lIJ'$1'n8, to he!'p yQU m!;lKe I;!HidE;-IlI ~!ia oa f'l'1.;itai'iala. M~ i;;c,ale ,dr$Wings, ,of l;lheet g:oods ,(N'I gr'.a~1i1 j;!eper, :;![i6 ~~CIl6t!!jjing! Iline8 f'OF aa<:h part g~' yoor FJf:¢¥Ict. Whte-n laying: oLL1' i;;u~ti~

Ii ...... - r-I'lif"' .... "" .... r' 'lil-' th -: I. "I,;n ' -- -~h ·~""..,rfl; ,-f w

I ~!a., e ~II"~ ~ __ El" ~ __ e ilJlUw' __ QI p'a~ __ ~;yt:_ 'f Q_ :a 8a_

b!~e- ceneurnes up 10 It" ,Of rnale'Jie;!,

I~..rnne ~e iElreae. directly :oew'll !i!!11,-d! ilbove H-..e 'projec~ betlbre clJttir1g ilITlto a ~aJl ro determine l~e il!).. catioo 0f vvater lines.. duCtw!J1'K; aoo gas ptpf:s~ fn 'most C~S. plp0S., uUli1y lifl~~, and! ritlC1Wiltlk- run 'ItirCII.lgh tl1il wall 'ie;rtlcalty bi;ltwe.an floors~ 'OrigJi"lii'i1 bhJl:e~in'!~ Bo:r ygyr ~~~, il @.v~lI.3ole. tI~y!;!Ily ~~n(JlN '[ale :IOCa~Lolii~ of the utili'jy Iflie5l.

N!,p~e: iIiIl'l'l5.t,~ m:p-b;!ri8:J~J' 1.I~lng your plan dl!'{:I ..... ln!j'.!j. ~ndl !Ou:i il"'i9 {;;ii:;ligr@.rfi:;l a5i ~ ,guid~, Phic-1OCOpjy ,the rnaleria!~ !iGi. aFld 'use .it to ~'9a.li'1ize yoor work and estir:ne!~e ol;!!S.1s.

MElt rial chronlorv prawern au at ~klm

Your persoflal s8h~.,y whEW! working on ll}BjF!Pelilr)t projects dl~p~nd~. gr'~~U'f on wh~1 $~f~Ey m9'al$lllrl;!$ you t::lkiji. lI"hi3' I4g~f ~ools,·so_d tOOO!f offer man~ :sarety r,eahH',es •. !ZltilUh as b1Me 9!lJalfds. rDcks 10 iPlie''ffl,fYt eccidemal 5.tarts, and d@!Jo'le ~fi!ffiUr-' l.aitiool 'lu redUDe ~he rie&~ {)~ ~hack in ij)e ev.ei!~ of ~ ,~tJ~rt cjrc~1t. it~ up tc ~u to ta1<a ~d-· vaJiitage 011 '~i!ese sately f'eBh.i!'ie$i, For: ,a:~mple, ille~r opewate :a :8a.W with ~j;e blade guard II'Bfillffi''8cL ¥OIlJ Ir~sk injuF!( ~I'OIT! IlyEng deb ns $ wlBll as lrorn beilllg CIJ~' b:y th~ bla~~,

FoIl~v aiD p:reeautl!Jift$ ootllFiad In 't 1"1 9' owriar's i'fHanuals 'for Y>OilJr too1s andl 'maj.;:e sure- YO!l.!, prQteet '!{~Jtsel'r WUfI 2sfety giasSieiS, e-~f p~ug~, ~nd a dUin mask or respl~,at.of 10 Hiler out dust ,end debnls,

Keep )'oor mrk 9nvir.onmefLIt c~eaIi, A cl uttered' w.oM aieB is· more' m.~elll ~o ri8~ul~ in aeeldemitS. Clean )lOur ;tools :a'i\d ptJt i.h,€'J1'fJ .awa.y a_I: l.he ,ena ·o~ efl;l8J1'Y ~V(lIjk per"odi; and S"iMeep up duM ana deonis,

Some m~:&€!fials ~mit dalilQleFG1.m fumes or !paJlkles,. Keep S\.r;Ch mastel"ia~. storedl awa.y 'f.ram ~eat SQ'l,Ir'CM. and Q1Jt' ,of ~flQ r'eaclti. of childmn: @1:'I.IJa,ys. u~ ~~se 1Pii'Qd!,llo'~s in a: well~v~IfH~Ia'te~ ar'E!!3.

MalFlM:lni ng '~af'$'~)! i$ . .;i;rlrt;mgoiJi'I@ proicect, ~~e Ule; time' to i,.ipO@ ;el Y0I)Jii" '~ir'$t,",aiQ ki~' and ifl'Vi!iIluat~ y',oI,Jr WCI(JK space, 1'001$, ,and ~f'l3~y '9C11uipm;an't en 13: ~@gulal' basls, To aVCiid :gj.ccidall"l~s. I"~p:aiiii' and Il'~plac~ olc;!l·and iWOil'n-out paJilS be'for(;! ~[)~~~"

IRe8d ltJe [!1W,Iiler's man!.!!S!IIbe;ore opera'litlg allY POl,!,(6[' 'boo!' Y·oor i~ may d1frl~r in many ~y$ fran iIlho:re described in this boclk. :M ir~ best to ~'arnIJlaflzJ'} )IQLm,~lt wIth: !oo f~~wil'€:s and cll~blml€'S or lh~ 10als YO!JJ ilJwl'L Atways W€!aJ' ,fl~ .aJi"ld [!Jar pF;:~G>L;~JOi1 wtI!i:'I1 ·opGraUng a pomr toel. Woor a (lusi mas~ wi1:4:;n i1h€l: iJ''fliElc! WIll pradlJ!J€!' dlJSt

!!:ilO:f'iliB wa II !ii may pOi!U.ain iiI_sbHfoli. Mafi!Y ~O«IOO ooilt or ·r.~i'I'1od~ bl}'lW{ll2!n 1900 andi ~ 9:50 l'Ia'VfI' old§f'V.aJill"OOs ot lrisLliaoonltiat liflc!lud';€!d asaestes .. COi1Rlll. a prlj}fQ~slonal '['Or 1l8~i of hnardJnL:ls. .poflutaI11s. I~ .0.sOOstGG;, and 11' yOU' find asbestos or malif:rJrus thilt rrnw conrl.'ain ,11$0 b!!iSlOS·. 00 oot . .aUetflpt to:! Fe-f'fIO\!\EI' ~il.em 011 YiJLfJ wufL EV"e'-fI 1I'!fOO [d~teFmine- In.at FI<;I' ,~$~QS IS IPr~nt, II Is a! gQOd Idea, to wear ~ paf"ilk;le' mB~k .and rnhl;!ll' 5afE!1~ !;lear 'i'i',han. doinu demdlitiDn.

Ma erial chroniorv prawem autorsklrn

,A8~mble iii, fl!,:5"t~k1II!:Jt Cll.:!~ trem 8l n&lld Or' power toot een be, serlous alllj r'equu~ Pl!Dmpt arnd tnCHJgl11fllli i~iUiUltlol'l!. BiB pl"~n!ld 'f« such Slltiarbs wi~h a 1N911~ i;'gUjpp~ 11rat .aJ.rl kit ~ha1: is, BaSV 'to lind_ ,~oorci BlfI)' 'l3lif11;1rgetl~¥ - ~elellt!c1ie niUfIi'itie~ On iU"!e li~~t :;;!!id. kit cr b~' '!;!he neat'es1' plllCi'le :so they' Sire ;a,~il$loie in all erifierg,-el'fll~iy.

Eq,U!p ~lJr ki~ wiih a variety of' [tern~, ~~-1ioto rlglll), irldlooi!)ij bLt~_' daQ@s" rJ0Bd!Bs, 'tiMoo'Lers, ,anti~ .ssptic aintmefl'l:' 'ootm :s'iNa'bs, OO'Ito:n balls, ~ dr~, a fifS't··a:Jd harJdoooK a ch!2frjlcal.tllf€ld cotd pa.a'k; ~Ia:i;lliic b;iFiIl:dages" fir.sl, aid laps, aAdl $~eriJe 9a~-

FOI pynr:l\l~ wounds, cuts, IbUM$. an;a iO~hoef ~erfOl,JS i[i,jur!~, alwa:fS ~e~ megiClll atte!l'tD1es 8~ .az lirst aid~1.Johi .;'ie, w~"irl9' e:nd WfE!!Dpi!"!g QJ OOls-hB.5 006fl p'J,Q'i,I\ldoo,

KMp Y61i111" ~'OGI, ~ aoo elaan, Ji,J)cidems ,ar1& more likely '.l'hlen ~s' i!llre du l.aJl'Id tools arQ iifled with Sal}ldIjJ8~ and dirt.

'16T:t--

AlDI

calDE

··-~~::~I

~!iil1B1 GFCII~BptaclB~ adapl'Elr, or ,&XiIeFl~ cord to i\Elijl~,iti!El' the i'is'k Q! ~sI'1Qcii: Whil-ei, qpei'~irlg ell pow!§r 'tool ~~'~OOf'$ or Iii'! ~\i~l COIfI·f:liiioM.

CbBck, wiltii, IBlIiiB!!l!f!1 ,etrcurt b!i~r to i:YiIalle :i;;UIN:I the f;)t'f.\'ei. ~e ~! bef0ii\9 ~tm'l'lng' ~'i'f;!r plates, eJ!i~' rfl~ w!ilE!$, ,Or drijiing 011' ¢1,J~ing ilTlt¢

w,jll~ 11'\a~ e'~:II'i~rli"l wiiiling. - .

Mat rial chronlory prawem autonsdrn

A ~1;iI~r>:p;j: 'W(!n~ll :5'haLJJB b!:rai w811-lti)l~ed ~Ce ~liIari; ~~e' ,enough te KeS',P oCOJfllTiQFiI ~~! _ liardwarEl. ,and ~ujpmen.l ea:;iJIj at)::a~eict~ BJlD we'll OFga!"lizec. 11;, 'INOr~!1IC" is ,Qgl'l\!\er'lienl 'fOr vari(Ju$

Wu:rksbap ,Isios

W'fl'9ther ~!jr 'WO!1(Si~Op Is in a ba'iiieme!'lt u"I~L)! 'FOOCIl, B, shed, or ,a ga.r,~gle. It ®f;'Joold 00 ,at C~ f'Ortable lP~oa ~ii) 'WO~ and :shOlJ.i~d' provicPe, con'i/E!n.leFl[ space, for Q:rga,If'!.2ing your tools ~ancJ ,equipment tour 'l,!'iOrk~p should l.nclude'lli gen-eroos, benollbop ,B~ a oom~orl:ahhe i'ttei!Qhi,

IP enl,y ,01 ''iVe~l-dill\ec~ed ~ightlr1g" endJ ,ampie floor :spaG€J~ ilO cperste a tabJii ~ 'OF' other SitatiooBl!"'j IpG'i.JmF toob~_ II' you, plan to gtOFB pain!l.S Dr sol\mIiJlts. maKcrl' sure Ul€l' room has. 'iP1~nly Ci~ ventllatiolll' and is eqJuipped with a Sfl'i.tDk.e detector and fire e.;dil'lg!J~sli1er', .

YOur W"(IIJksrnp shoo'id have enough reiectrjca~ eircuits to suppiy power to line ligtlts alfld seve.r~ Ipi~G€~ 'D~: E;:qlJlpm~fll without O¥€r[OOd~ing a. clrIi;;;L!Iit. C~I(iul~U9 YPlJ,,!1 sho~'s J';ircui~ c~'pad~y (Ot,p:poo.~ p~g~) and comaet an ei®cllliciiiWi if you lilead to add a c1fWll',

1;a.SI<S_ 11'5 CJP~Fa'IlB' a ~~oli3 ~W ut 15'1ll1et iarge I~r e(:juiprMnt, ~ou-,II need :ple'i'lty clspac:e fg; ~~andlin'91 ,LargE!! kJrWl)er ~n.d :5tlee~ g~ds.,

There are many devioos. for hangliflg 1001& OF'! workshop walr~'. but 1h-e most ~r:sa~Ua is stili a ~he~t or peg b~nd wl'uh umll'rlook-s h !.Ingl from ,II (~posl~e p~@e)- P'9Qboard S1JIO'WS ~lJ! to !fJi'ga.'ni~e '~he' necks ~o suit yOIJJt If!~d:s

Deep! SWIdy stJetves provide- a greallPilAOe to :s~or'e !QcrI boxes, bblc-k,e~s, 'ana portable 1P0'I!f€1l"' tools, 1R'e.Bldy~to4ilssE:mble 5hel~ !.inns are arvail· l3ibl€ all: oom€' CBllb~FS. Or; yOU can bui Ie! your OOll1l adjllJs~Ehle-neight· utility sh€tves

(pages ,228 to 231), .

I'f YOOF W"OIiltsnop is jn ~tJe house, 'you may' wanD to ,add loolJow-oore ti~-e5, t'lJ! the I lis.de Q~ ilflel ''!.'IDr~-' shop door '~Q reduce sound Iran~rrri:ssion and' aJ door SW~€P to. bl~ck: noise and 'k8~p dust f.rom tr<lv©lflng under ~hQ door.

M atorlal chroniory prawern autorskim

M!li!UIii:t a. ,&tur;liiy lbeliliii:h 'Wi1'$1BI wllih ell :!iwl~!~!il 'b&'OO li!(i -tl~~ .at:ld ,15'1' yOur 'i'i'Oriltb E-t1pn ~'~~.e!;i &.iii to 9'l} !o rua,(;9 marl:e~~-I'oru;JHing, Dr't-o usa as 8! ;clamp li'illiaFl gkJimg Cit a:!il'" sern'biln~ PMl$, ~1!;Icf t;!I 'IiiItie, ~l\al ~dFUst$ lea51~ at\dl ha~ a .mirilirrll.fil ~w ~(Iii'ig, -0'1 ,!i!I~i.I. 4'.

iQJg,,~ we1{.dry $~UjJp ''M',SU;;UgM ilwr gl.JXik.'(j.le;j;'!!i'iI ,ip'_ MAfI,Y p-~E-1. j~l$ [have- :att'rill;ohme~ ~n.aj .el1Qw Y.Q1II ~o CiQiltiec:1 11l~ 'Ii.;!lOU~Ffjr~ ~'1~ l'Q me 'tJt!Ol, ~i mogt dalDliii;l ii;i ~Gked Pi;fl't.E'(:~!~ into 'the l:;;tIMI~~r;_13I1.J~ .e, vacU\Jr'n Mii'i dura.:'Ple par!s and ,~ ,~~rr\!1 ~i:QJ,.

rc IO'!.\' Wllit!IhH ~r WDrio:sh.cp cifc!,.Iitry i9 5lIrfic~rll. til run ~r ~\1r ~I$ and Q11~ I9Ci!.lt 1;tI nli!flt &8~ery, fi~ dP.'i~Jn:Rllf,i lhe Clii'Clllf:;l· sa·~ CElJ}aIS'IIy-'1he ~~IrP'i.!nl luad cr W(3llOge ,hi! it Gal'l handll:l' Wllnoot cverheal ng l.OCffi€l It1e Cdloot circuit (In ~rour .selVioo pan~ flJ'lo[!l ~ Ihe ampilfcgel fi!LIIIlQ (rtgMI lOp) Mulupl~ ma1 nymber tJ~ ; 20 "'~I~, then subtract 20%. [I} 11M 1hlS saiID eapaeIIV NQ;(L, nr\oll 1MB ~alla~o 01 Q:.Cj_cl1 tool or appllancil tll.a't will u.oo lnal ci4'.culr.. All [OOIS Llnd :i1pPi1!afll:O:S am labeled witll .helr artip.~ and ¥iJIJt:tfjtli f.i!!ltJIiQ~ ~i Igill b~lLOrn) C.aleu:4.atG l,i'kmag~ !}y mulHpl~lng It~8< ampE:'ra,gE:! b~ iM~ 1j(jjlagl':;! A1id logelhar' c~

~1 ~~ JlII all oi lhe ~1XI1:s and .flVf;J4hml;;es y{wJ're likely 10 USE!' E!i~ !1TlU :J1!l'W);rHjel¥ to fil""d olJ'l whelMf 1hey are Will'lln 1he I;;:ircutfs. saie

.oapaolly Tr. a O{iarl shol,';l:;

..... F,JI~ge:;l ttr")!Jr;n;8 cgmmon ~'/'liiIr iCiQla ami applt.ai"'rC:e~ II 1ha o'ircvtf~ $i:I~e cl700Cilty Ia. :nor hrg Jil1'lc.ugh 1t:1 handle- lhe Ics~, yoo msy need ,l1InOLher tf.rcl..!i! In lhe v~rbh~, Ask" WI e~cITlcla'l to IfI600CL y~!Jt senric'13 parmi You carr ~jfQoably add a C1rGlJ I 10 InS'S€if\' (;0 pangJ and add oona' ruCOPil!ii::Jfls m you wfif,J{S:I"IO P

AIl!!r;!!lr>!i!i!Q~ ,ilmp:5i Wiillt!i

CI~1.I ~T;lv,. iti;.,;. I k: 1~ 10 ~C!

Orl :2 bJ·1 :r.' ~ esn

Ji'iII'1 I ]Xlf1~~ 2 1·11,}

if'ICFiJwr l'Poo.1li1l!?l 7' lD ii! R..:;Q rp 1 ,lAo

R'II u i [It 2" to 5 ~i i'} I(f 1300

SDliclJ:::' 2 ia 5 140 w. [j{',(1

1f!i.l::lr!: !IIIi'll 1'tO 10 I!.I!D ro IlOa

~ .... ;J~utrtTI r. I) ~ 1 "720 10 1.3.'10

• • • . ~ .

• •

• i ••

IHhiJil,Ijlji a I~ IOQI ff,a~1< QiI.! ,s, Ma~l'\nj wa,11 0)11 firSt. .:;itle.<:l:iJlng

~ x:2$ to il'$ ,".;jill io plOViJ;1li;!' :;J Iga:p fOr irllS.etllnQIIOOII il100K~_ ru~a'¢n-tfle 1 x ,2!5 wI!,h 1fI:;!!~i)' nails. ~tl~ ,at-

4a"'li1ll1-o;o, - --~-r""·'~"" .1;, .... , 1 :!'i::'1'"

'I_'" '" I,.. pei!JIl,II!,;I~!!.", IN ., I!'!OI ;;';oJ ..

~8iltlg l' r;;o.rew~ arne "'\I~11era:.

Mat rial chronlory prawem au oH kim

Lur be IS ict I(hQ. 011 ffial~nal a.\I'laHa~ r

harm 9 walls.. tl,l,stg I...IIj8 .at1d tracks 011 r afl

al~!l!ieLI1i'e----11 {ISS COTliiiOl'l- ehci e>D' or n{f';l.! oon· ~tfUC:1100 SWIl -lrarned walls can bfllllIstailfid

ra~ F t an ~'ood stud wsl n ~ .. fI): at taGhed by em lplr'i[;l ,a"d i;i~ ~ .... h !he f1aflgesMd .FIe ChannelS .Elr'.a pu~cut tQ ~11'Iad~le eleoctn ,I and plum :'fig ~ nes. Siee! Irsmlng ~ also igtner In ~el!.}ht. sy til rre.;;;yc 'I reprw:! ana ~pB.m:ble If! pr ce 1.(1 hsmber If~'011 are irI~ te es'Ietl In Ll61ng steel framll1g far ilj flew Wijll 111 a wooo·frarrred horne CO[lS\JI[.a pro e:5SICll~1 for 11"1~

mallo" .. boUL eleo1Ji car plumb n!&l ana 11;IBd.boa Iflog oofety p1"6c8.Ul:ion6 Stet!1 rrarn1n'J is. frxa tab'1e 8t 1'TfO'~ 00me cerners

14,

lumber lor structural apptlcailons such as walrs, f oors and c@llings is. usually r:n I~d from 'S~Tong sof woods and Is c:al~goril'ed by grar' r "'("liS urs CQ! terr~, and dimension.

Gnade,: CI'Isi',acia;!'lMICS such ~'S knots. t.iPI~tS . .anel graM' slop~ artect Che streng,l" O. '"Ie lunwer and deterrli!!ne' ttte grade (chan. opposite page)

MQis!I1".1l'e QOnl\~Uilft~ LlJmbe i~ ~ so i!::.fIiteg,Elrl ed by _ olstul'a corY ant s-DRY (surfaced d y) IS Lhe designarlJoOI1 '0 I, moor with a rn.oiS'lur'f!' con ~f1'L or 19 'Percen'l Or le5:5 S-DR'f lur lber ts the le::ilst likely to wa p.or :sh L K and IS a good cl aiee for ~Tamjng walls. S~GRN (sur acec g~,een) means !Ihe lumber COO1:lins 8 rnoistura content O'f 19 pBr· ee tor more

IE.xl'C'n'lor lumt!'i}Il': Lumbar millfrd f om rGlGwoo Dr co8'Cl.a ' ~8 ria t ra_lly rGslS!afl'L to d'~c:my BInd lnsect

nfest:~tioo, and Is a goad chGlc€I 10r exterior applic a &OflS, Tho rnos durable 08 of a tree is the heartvIDDdi, 80 'Sp~c:ifi..' !rle,arl:\'.IODdl lor piQCi9S thai' 'AAlr boi;ll In COnlac( wllh the ground

TI!'Ieatedi ml!!!mber~ Imber ~nJ<ecteol wllh cl1emLCals ulloa pre:sslJre: 1:3. resiS-lant 1.0 dec-.ay ;and S' gafte ally less e:o:penslV09 than deeay-r€'Si:StantartWOOdS. s cn as redwood and oe.d-ar For o.uLdoor structures ike decks. use tre ted lumber FoOr poSLS. and joists, .anOi mare at facbve edwood or ceda 0: decks and Fafli gs.

Dimension Ill! iff!I(ber: lu f'100r ISo -eo!d aeeere ng [0 ls nornlnal slze, such as .2 x "'. 11.5 actual size (Char . page 1 'l) ~s smaJler Always use act I sizes tor rreasu rMng and estimating,

Material chronion prawern au orskun

~

\

'S~il:iN

GradS! slamps pliQ¥lda 'IjIeBI;Iah:la il'n1i!l)!fm!1!JtBan ~tJcli;i, ;3 ~i~ ¢'f kJ~F. The 'luiiiQe-,r':;i ~r'.;ldfii ~s 1,!i;l1,iij:!!1y ij[iQic~d by 'th.e 'l;;I;rgest numcer !iltEi!ililped Olll~ woo-d, A)S!);I' 'Elliaflilped 00 e~h piece !lJ~: !lJffJiber ,BJIe' its, rnelsrure corueru, 'spe;::i:e:s. 81!'!d lumber mt.'l! 04: ,(!;:rigin.

ILumbe'r Grnditrllg Ctmf'it

De.scripith~fii'~ l!!Iil$~S Free. or knots an(j defEl.Qt5

SE L. ST Fil (II" Seisct S1JuI;turs i,2,G

Good appi<E!1i!I'"II:lEl, 5iirenqi 11 a nd 5tiffll.e!:i~. U".3 g;r'8.ties lndlc:B_~ Kf'l1lI I5rJiI

CONSTor-

C O'n e ~ rr.J cHitin

Sf AND or star>{lBrd

UO'ln gri:-!de51 U6e-d for ,genf.!rlilr ~rafl'l ng G(loc SlrengtJl and selVice:abl i['lj,

SpeCIa.l d~,SIgi'l~UIOO ~d

n an~ stud appl~<lUDl:l 1['1-

cl!.;,I)]ln!;!j load .. J)sanng W"cIIi1s

STuD iF SltJd

E.e~i'10mlea.j .el"l~@ r~t bJQc.1!;Jr;.g and bC8C :ng

MILIch of iWEil~~5!t IlIIm~er '3 ~1J_ I foall'"l:,- w61 when: 11 l:!!i 'sold. SQ it'e Ii£lr~ 10 ptedl~1 hem I #III behavo 8,$ I dr1~, B;J! <I t"JI..I1CI\ n~-c:lk:.r'! ~ ~c:h bQ,=qd ,[1.1 th-e 1! •• :mb6I'"y,tlrd or horne GentJ:r wilJ ilellJ ~ dl~q~f11 fy rlll'H'ied t;ll;Iar~, L-ul"J'"lb.lilr lh~1 ~ .arJP1J~ Jl.l'.!Sti!'d, or GffX»fed .snatJld not be 1JSfd' at 11,1111 l'~n{[lh p.QWE:'.':er yg\I ma:l be able' Ie cut .:lu.I good 6ec.1FO!)s lor IJS{! ,;13 blocking er ather .si"!W1 frr:.ming ~k:GOS" I~ a tKJii1Q Is .sli{l-hlly 00r~'"I;'j o/Ou ClJrJ proJ;:t{!Dl~ '1\a1)l:f:Fi1 it (I!3[ as you n~illl' Cnooks WG'fli5!S. ~nd RrlOiS arn I;>C!srnetlc. ,"a~ Illal sn dorn arj~) tne :stl{lflgtl1 of 1h1l b081C! ThO 0~C:{jp tlop Is .:t MoL I~I Is lOOSE!! or mls~!Ing in Itll:s ca~, CUJlI df1 tha dei'r)a'!;fsd 5rea Se-olion'S. WIItJ ~ff~'!i :shOUld al:.=lO be! C-tli O'I! $pill:;; Sl'E! I :JIialy ~c epl€cGI0 oE!5 Itt{! ~0Ild dries,

'15 Matsnaf chroniony prawem au or .kirn

How 10 Salem: ~.I R~g~: MamnalS 1b~' ,a Projleot'

Pkkino 'Ibel ,Ql:}ht !tiOi.J!J rolf ;81, proj~i' ~5 ,a: deC6ioo 'tMfi wli!l ,effe.et 'If)!;!, ooirabm~ iIlliId ailra_cti'Yene:ss 10 'ma ilinal [prodool. ~. ~5! are: 1liIO«iI1=!fOO9'lll;ll1 Wat'plflQ thafrl others. 'som_e: ,are liFI!lf'e Il"e~ismnt ro de!~;Ly" ,aM] 00i'fJU!I' aNii :SlliipeIlDl' wli'rfOO ,I~ iCOi'I'I&S, ro iMoldfii,,' a. coal. of pWIt 1M~h:1ng :s..\)!klSI ,~~ WOOid 'M'~11~s, '!AliI! hi!!llp, 'to meall!!i'13, ~ 111~ Ut!fbl~ut '!j'.U!LJ1' hUl1ii19-,

ILluI'f1.be~ sttes, :9001ill as ~ )( ,4, are )~aJl' ~~~ not 1:;i~a.1 diroo!il5.l~ The ~1M!r1 ~~ ~i' ~Ymbe:r Ta, ~H~hti!J smaH'ar '~rl ni'ie nafl'lirlal :siiil!:e. Mefl il ,i~, w,igifl8iil~' 'i'f'ii.' led" i\iM1:)e1 i!1; ¢iJI: at ~llrt9! lftIfiminalilsia'. hO'We'!I€r, Ire OOaiciJS,Ii3re tllen p,lBl'!ed d!lWf! 'f;,x'a 5~er I~ l1'-~uoing '1M ~ dlmen~, ~ ~ III ijle ~IDre. See ili'la (ihart ill" f!hi:l IOpPO'sltt) ~g@! ~or ~ooJ ,andl adJ.18J d1men~s.

Softwood

Eas:t 1D ruL nolds pain; ~~I H:eartr WOOd 8.$JG]S dBC<'lt

:;, H naro 'p:i!tJOO_ HtJt~s nans ~ ... eJI ;Sami!' \r.:llrl~;:::; ale hard ~:o iAJt.

LI\I~M.;rij1hl aO'll ~ ..... Ifn d. ,sn.i(jElnt:y 10 :5ilnnk H~ld~ (1,;l:IJt:5- we~ ~ Vil.r1ette:~ restsr der,:a~

Llgnl\"'aJ~l. eo t \l'1OOO loot hE=1ds P.EI fit W« Easy [0 cui Iioart'WOOd f$::'1.$ d.E'l:ay aflOlflsJ!lr:u:tarnage

CI"E!Ili!lC.i;ilHV ~rBa1"~ tD f~LSI IlIMi3i!l S~~, n hUe WeFLr p(D~Ij"e: eyE l'leat' al1'd '::IOLtung to avou:i ~.1Jl. ILJIlg. and eye II'Ti"abio::):n

Hardwood

Har~, strontj;! Yoiooll ltle.1 ~ easy '10 cul'l3f!d hGIrl:;; pali1t well

Healj"y'. nan Sotroog 1,",'0I;!t:I' ~IYII 15 c fflcWllO eut with r.-.olnd tools

Son. I ghj ~, tNl1 15 ~sy to ell] ,"lit! lta~cI or ~ef ~ools

He;W¥. hard stlWl(.! IMXXJ ina' I~ d. mcult 10 t:ut 'I'Ioi(1'1 ha'lC toCJls

~I,'J'. ~rd stfOOg .?i'tlolJ 1nal13 easymc.ut

16

[).g!::. s. sha~:s sh(ngrilS_ pooiiS andi otl~er deC:3~-Q(OOB surfa-cs-a.

~r$Tlifl!i!l Q'1.atElrrl;;l $. ~I~ir,g. iai..tl 5lJbf h:i[IIl~

T'ilf"tIil In'i}. IFII1i $1dlnljil and tda;;ks

Or..iLlloor applJC,atlDflS. sul!:ih1lls 'I1ecke. po.s~s. El.fJd rfl.flCtiE

GfQi!.Jrrl-oonri'l~t ann D her IJU1dJ:H::l' a~;>!io.t:lJIOI1S ...... .n~lel t-9'Si$1...ance to a!ef;ay $. rnpar Q,nL

Piiif\~d cab nel'S., trtm,.aoo IOlIY'l"o'Wd

Palrli))(J catJ:Jle'IB IDm" tDngIJe-IDlO- 1;!.POO'!.J'e. parun ~ and ~tywoo:I cores

Fine' ·/{(IOOk"lOrIi:. p::nelirlg and man-elplf}!:,s:s

Matsnaf chroniony prawem aulorskirn

10 fmelll&lOI'L>IIJ 11 .... bar

fu-mng ,S,hEpill,

Common [Nominel ~iHS

'-grado d r

'foEit! o~1el u ~n '5uJia:cl!;:5i 9r

m ng CI' a.Le C!'1.a space 011' ~r{jpar~ l!rurfa:l;:~.s or In51J31 IrLg rl1al'" litIS

:2 , . j

13 1.':1 i3ltl! s t.J:SaI td I n 'I, a I ~S:CoJ t 111Gl a Il(j ftJlI IIYIg P nel 01 ails. and C£!ilhnIJ9,

u~ n tnm, ~I g ca tty, ~

:a"d ~tlgr appl..::;al qlS 0\, I"K:r~ 1 ;to( 6

r f~ s aqu: ~ 1 a

10 1 12

,Actual sizes

Vanes depen on Inn proces'S D,j}pIlCal

61:1 rn '1Jfl'IOtIsed la £I~ Of "" 10
h.,ltnber I lna~~ 10 to (:I 2
slJliCil pft'l.u . Us-eo r~ bearris 6 Q a
e: d 0'tSL&. 6 2 3:-;- 12 Bsa C(HY! ~ lilJI

ers ghJllfl mqelrtar iQI I.J e m;

[01 and~s,

3' 11W

Ma rial chronic Iy prawem au nr~, I. irn

P rwl:Dd I Sbeel a,oods

rru~!,e a~e manydmerent ~ypas ,Of shea~ goods, but plyw.oodl is. the moot widtaly used, Plywood!

is an 91(t,rem~dy' v,4H's.atil@ s,'OO€lt ma1:ij'rial dl.at is. mads tllP oJ il:hin~V sliD~d Ia.yers or: pftBfS af wood. I?IY'NDDd is ,8!vailarb~e in thicknesses ranging from ~lIi~O}j' and is graded A through D, de,perufrng on1he quality 01: 'IlIle WDod ill ijts outer plies_ It is also graded for irrt€lrio'I' or @){treFJim usag€l. Cli;lsgi~ frca.tiQflis f'OG' ply.io'QOd ,are- :based on lha WGiiJd spooies i.I~ fOt lH'ie la.ce and back VEWi.~rs. GrOtLP 1 species are the suoogest and s:Ufesl, Gra p:2 ls, 1h-e. naxt ~s!rong:es

Flnls!n pl~liiMo.d ~$. graded el~ ArC. ma~Jrli["Igl;tt lMas ,a rIFli$h-qU:8.II~y 'WOOd '!Iene9F en ona sidle andl a, 1!.J1illty-g~ad'(} ply an Ihe o.1tir9f' sit.;ll@, OF A·A, lndica~mg it bas a unish ve.rIi9~ on both sJd_e.;s_

SneeJhlngl ~Iywood ~$ gr.ade-d C-D with tv;'Q roug, Sides. a -d fe.an.m~s a bond betl,l't'sen pi ies IIfla:t Is waterpmofl. PlyW{)od ratedi EXPQSUIR E 1

l:;i fOt use whe~ SOftlrQ i'1f'10iS~UF."~ is pres9n~, and pl~'ood· F8iledl EXTEHIOR is u£ad 10 .aJPip~lcallions Iha:C .ara.lPeMTfl~ru;tllltiY. '@.>qf)OSl:)lldi to w€la!her, Shaa~tfing, plywood also carries a tl"'lic!k.n~ss, faJ'· il'1lQ a I'll dl a roof .al'1ld 'flo.Qf" span index, which appsar as 'two F'luFlflbeF~ separaJ!9d by a diagonal slast" Dl.a ·fiFS~ numbr9'r, fur rQofing ;a.ppricaoon. f!'lldiicales Ihe ma::dff!lwwn spacing f'CI' rafter,s. The

Filfll!l ~

~~i;!~

Til 'fllrnish 11iI'1~oi!!iilll!J.r, In Slamlili 5l1w.ws. 'It!e griloo of "acilli aoo 00': . veneers sceeles group, IlUm ber, and a ma4sture {!),(JJCl5. e.l'i'a~ing, Mil~ numbef:;l ,find product numbersare for 1iIl!::lJ1~~l;iIl\'!f"er'lP- ~-

Mat rial chronlony prawern autorsklrn

:~8CQF.ld F'lumbe-I sp.eci~ie$ the' ioist s:poo'ln_g wh~11i pilywood is used 'f'OF 'SI.Ib:floo~lilg. s~ PJ~dl is, ~taMped "si~dllor 5~a~jng." This mea_fils '~ha[ the actuai d imens[orJs i31re sUQ1h~ly SfII\aller than

,4, )-C 8 H. to Gl!JI~ space 'f{)F eii1paf!8i~ oot'!h\een ,Sheets ,aner tns~:aliaitioo.

Phdlii:e 'laminates maikeo durable surfaces fat coonf,~rtop5 fEJl'1Id 'furniture. 'Piastrc: larflinat@5 are wnne-linn@$ ool'1ld~dI to p~r~icl€lbaard 'for usg. lin s<helvtng, cabinet~, i;Ifl'd, coun!:e:r!~ps.,

,S-tf'~I!I(h parlJdI~ a!l!!d w.~reJboa!'!dI are mad:e from waste chips: er ~ne~pe-n®!~ 'WOOd! 'spaeies ,Md 8lf,e ij9_e~ f'Of stJe .... ilf!g ,tllr'f!d 1]0Qf, uoo.erJ~mer!~3

f..oam In6IJlllal~liIg, board ls ngh~we~gtn ,and Sfirva~ as i!flGull.atloo 'for ~s-effleli'l!~ wt1llls.

Cernelliitboarfl\d 'i5 used rbe~lind cell'emic wa] Iljles and in 0:1iter lhigh~mo'sfuIe 8l,eas.,

Wildilloard~ a:l~ knowlll as ,d ryw~tI, Sh~~~l'Qck. and pfla~terbO@Jfd. c~s' in panels ~~Il. md~ ~nd 2, ,4. 8;, to. O~ '~2'-n. long. 9ii!d ~n11i", W, and 'ft" ~hicki~$ses.

Pegboard ,and hardboam (y"9' made from wood fiber~ Md resins oof"!cDed '~og;ethe~ under hi:gh pressll!i"ei, and ~e used 'fm ~ool or-g:Mti~tloo wUh iEL 'iNOrko.encn .and ,as :she1~ backing.

PIi'CdIll!!:I:

Fi'llifffltiiOr

Sheathing pl~ 'gr,mlng 5ttimp!,S:hoW;5!. thk:k~ l'i1es~, roof O~ iloor span ind@c, ;sOO e~posuJe rating, il"! I§Iddilioin to ~n-ulil'E!UIr~r's. IlfifOlflffla!Iioo ..

!tit I

D8iGDfi3i!i~ iiIiIll!ldill1~:5 gl ... e- a lin Shed aepaaranca 10 a GiarpflrllJy proJoct Omcr fillish materli:ihs inc:hJde ooer and ..... ina'OW' c.aaing:!i. t;&eaat)Mrd. and ~r.er r~pe-s of tl im.

Trim M~.diin s

'Trim moldings give character and d~fin~ioo to many carpentry PTo~tS .. I n ~ad1tlon you can SCIIT~tinlQ.S U~!'2I lnem 10 cav151 up ca rpenjry rnistakes, such as hiding small gaps in wa~1 corners when 1he ",,",;}lloo<1ir.cl hasnt been cut pmtocUv_

lt's rmportam to m~asure :::lind cur moldin.g~ preci~Aty M that when rnS1"ali£'d. they ri~ 1DQ~100r sflugly Wl!hool gaps Pre-drilling mo~dings Is raeommended·, espsc ially when ha rdwoods such

85: oak are used Pred rill In!] makes nei ling e4R€lfer, reduces- splrltlng during ms.taIJMion. end m&es i~ eE!ls~er to set nails Ole.anly

MO!it mQldin--gs si'louhj be p.z'JIlltedi Or slain-s-tl berme installa1iOn. CO\iIe mOldrngs and w~einsoo~illg, can be purCtla;ged wi!h a t8Jctory. coat or white paini. Care musl be 'la1<en to ell9ure tbe~ palm or 'a1:.tiln i1Oe5, not imeJ'iere wi~h rl~61~16I1ron ~see "11'1- .Siall~[lg T('ifL.g~Je--and-g !Jove WaJ flEiI:::o'lng,· page f62). Pine and poplar are goad choices If y.oo plan ~o paint. For slalned sUl'"fa;::e~, uee a he.rdwood with a Olea5ir~g grain, such as oak.

i!Js,'EI' Ihe ·same WOM speshll,s; \I'~h:~flS'./e-:; j:.iQSS,bl~ n sB!acbil'lg Ir rr'l rna.l:e[ Iai:S tor walls. dUb"! £i ...... i~""S, and bUllt-ins_ Sim laJ mal;aools. 'NIU prill'id'fl !JislJaJ con- 8i::;tef1[;Y ~m1Jg lDUC a room

Ma erial chroniorv prawem autorsklrn

lrim DiiGmd i'iilg9, are ibQtn ~urtll::lronElI and de 0 (HI"ElIJljle. n!ll;[lY can IbI'J used 10 conceal gapiS at ~ nas€: ~lind around the :skies of a caffpan~ry pi'OI .... et,

'to h -de the edges o~ plywood

su faGe . or .9itnply to add ~s :al interest to -. e PfO-l9Cl M~:Mjl gs ail'te avai~b'19 If'! dozens of styles. but1 ~' samples shown here are widely a .... iE!Jla :.;lIe

,a~~ all heme Jrnproveml9.'l1il centers

S¥iliUheHii:: t~ilflfl mot~ lli1IQS. available In rn:any styes. are less expensivE! ~an hardwood molding~_ Synthetic molding.s :B e made of tood composttes (A) CJIf rigid foam t 8) 'CQI;.iIsred 11th a Ja.y8r 0.' ms am ina,

B-selloaPd'liifiicldlngJ (el 5 sed to mrn ths ooUOII"n edge or e 'NaJI alo(lg the [1001 line. Choosing, mOltllng that matches the baseMafd e.!se.wftere in you,' horne hel ps your proje;:: t llt ln 'iI/l";th its 5<Lmo:uooings.

lHaJidIwQO'd slI~~ps (D) are used to eonsbue mOB Ir~m~ , carpomrv pro acts and 10 COWf" unlini:shed ;gages of pl'f'NOOd s al'M'BS. Mapl!9, oak, ~ro [pop r S'l1'i s are wid~l,y avai lable In 1 x 2.

1 ::.:: 3. 9fId ; >:: A sjzes.

Crown moldJii'ig~ (E. F) cover gaps belwesn

I ;Eli top 01 a wal' and the fe.lting ey can also

add a decoralive accent te 01 er prOJects.

CO!'le Imolding (G ~ is 8 tSlmple. unob' usive ilrim 101' coverllllg gaps,

OmamefiitBl moh!::I]fiI11;rS" including spjndle and: rail (IHI} and embossed moldi gs U. J), give a di;sfil1clivrl'lodk'tD rnar'l)' pmjOC'ts.

IPoor--edge rfiUJRriLlli1g (l<)., a so called cap rn~cfr ing. I's, at Iy avallab e in .s.peclalt!l stOF~S 1"1

~or'fl'le areas. It 1$ uood wilh fm[~h-gr a(j~ p~y~\'oOO ~o ,c~te panel 6l)'te-<doors. Md draVieF faces.

SMlr~gel moldingj {I .. l. a,loo called oose CBP

I oldi 9, provides ~ dec~atlve e(1g& to p l~iIOOC! sli'le4~ ()f ca be Wood 1.'0 Ore t 1m "'/Icier bueIbood mol Irlg

[ " . "ilh~ m~lltij!FIg (M) cover's gaps ruoLnid I e top, botfom, aJ'TId! s des 01' a wadi BeCErl1JW n ibetltls easily. base-shoe mold ng workS wall to CO",e.r t FeQU- 1I;'ilr QeliPS, caused by uneven walls and loose floors.

H"fIe wide 1o!~J'le1y of nail styles. £IlFilO Si;tM, make~ rt, possible 't'O choooo ~aclly ~he right Eas.teoor' r..,.. aach 100. Nalls aIlS! id8!l"Itl ed tlV1lOOir ttpicaJ P\l Fpesa, such as c.aSoingl, flooring. or roan:ng n~jls: or b~ a plnysfcaJ !€li!FI~UriBi! such as galvallizOO. rDoat13 d1, or spiral, ,~ nai~s E:om€l 'n both I~ galivElllize.d andl non~galvanized version Use gailvarJiz.ed nails 'br outdoor projects 5.lld non,gail't':,anized illdOOr.s_ Nail Ie 19ths mey. be specified il"! it1tches. or by numbers ~'1"O'.fI1 .a to 160 fQlto\!IOO by ~tJe le'tt:er "d! • Which stanes for Np9llrry~ (S~ "Nail Siz,€IS." opp.osil~ pagiD)

Sc:IJne of tile 'll1Os1 popular nails 1m c.arpen~y Pfojec~ inClljoe:

Common Sili!d b~: nails, ~Of gene.ra~ fratl1ing VlOrk. 130): flails are smal er in diameter, which makes them lass rikely ~'O spJl1: \\i'OOd. 80]( naiJs, wem d~srgn€!d for cons Jfucting boxes ~ndl crates. but ttley ,can be used in ,:1my applEcation W' ere lhrn, ldry WCK!d will be nai led clase to the ,edge 01' Ihe, piece. iMill'SI eommon a.f~d bo~ nails !1IaIJs' a !tefJ1,enl or vinyl coalrilg ~hat Improv~ their hol'dfng power,

F1Inlsh i8md clUlin!l!l1 [IIUllis whk:h haw sm~H heads and am dFil'Vm just below 1t1n \'l.Ol'k surface Wi~h a nail set Finish nails are used l'Of a~~gjchiTlig moldings and oiher trim [0. ~\'aJ Is. Cooing nails are used to ~asten door jam sad elxterior n im. The~ I'a''''~ a $I~hjl:t larger head 1ha' 'finish naris to' better hafding power,

Blil',liu:illSl. :s.imilar to aIDall ~jnish naile, ii3.I,e IJ~~ in fln.!Zlh caJ'pe-h'bi'y ;and; '~workiflg, They have .tJJ sma!1 head designed for co il'be.rslnklng, unllke the broader, Ha.t l"Iead'S 01 WI'I;!! nal]s.

Filooll'irn;g nails, whicil aIS 0 ~€lrl spiraJ~hanked 'for extra- holding powe:r to prevel1t 'fica' boards 'from separa~frrg or s.queaking. Bpi a~ flooring i:rails are ,sorneliflles used mother .e.pplk::aHoolS. ,51!J~i~ as itlstal1if"lg llOr:i!Ql.l.e-enrfjilr'OOve p~fieling {IF:! oe11l1:'l9&,

IQaJ'!rII'anl_ nans~ which, hav€! a zinc C.Q~I.rng that resists rliIs~ing. They are used 'for c!.rtdolJf projee.ts..

'W_ ~. board m~tills;; once tI"Ie S:1:and.;ifd fastener for iJ'1,allbooll'd. are lsss cornman l.(riday b~!U$0 0" th~ dev€llo.pm€lm, 01: IPhrilipfi·ilead waIlbcard screw'S 'thaI drive quic Iy wi~h a. wrew gun or

d ill and oller superior hcildling pO\~ (page 2.4).

Mat rial chroniorw prawom autorskm

, ~

} .

'r

How to ~s~lrrnal'e' Naill Quantities
E f:.Lin1a;l~ I h 8 number 61 p:ie.nrlV wt. ~d 3i!i1 ,;t.dl i51!1 6~ ?iiI ,elflI, 10~, ~ 2d1 16~ 21lk1
na I S, you II n~!3d iOr
a pfoJer.;t then U'\i;~ tha ilUef1~h ,[lD.l 1 1 ' 2 2 2~ 3: :3. .2 4
!:::ha i1 10 at!le~mll'&E!'
apptJ;,J);Jtn.al'i3ty how Clllim!inl;!!r! ~37'O 543 2~L '1:54 167 iG~ 66 61 1:17 ,2flJ
mtIllY 'PI'jUrtUS QI f"'ialhl. :
10 ~1J~t:i.I1.I!i:;El ,~ 'B:g[lt ElJS A73 .:IW asS! ~-a i4S ~ M 71 ss ~ •
,"-
Nffi[:: SI.!8~ and CiUi3&l~I~Il~~ iIol !IDe' . r
'1OIi. " . mel'll--
riot lI~etl are h;:;ja. COm- '1,(1 C:oatt<dl 621 lai 29l B23 1M 11 1 Sj 61i 52
ITt!JfI aJrhN:Jgh tt ~ may ii
be a~a,ilab!e thn::!lJgt1 ;z IF.iTIiIi&11 135,(J a,aD 152(] 586- (613. 100 1~ L 113 9J 39
~QmE! manulaensrers.
IM8'!iitllillrY i55 i:31;!i HID fe Btl 41:1 ~ 34
MElt rial chronlorv prawern au~ofl§klm The ~nny 'o\,1iI~gJlj liu:;,;;Jle Illai m~LJiar: IlJrBr~ 1.tSJ! to 51t~ n8~ was ~d Oer.ll.Ifies ago.,fIo -IEIll appr(»:IFI"".aHon or 1he number 1J1 pelTli25 II wraJlti ta Ej I;Q buy 100 I"'IH Ism that size The 8;'f!-ge ot!'lal woes aV.fL!iIDt.e ~OOR:!l (fini] wr-:.al [hell' cost) ts much wder, bur ~hB scam I:;::· ~J I In usa, E~ch PIlIlf'1\" WBlQhj

rE!il1::lrs:~O.a c6pGtl1lc It:-ng1h ($~'i::l alart, bf:!]l,:Jw) altfll!JUqh yQ.l '!,',!l lljJ~CI st gf11 'O'B-tiatiOrl!!i in len~~h 11"(1f'11 ~e nall lypa til 2 r'!if":1 For 1;!':or.ampIB, ~ 1'IFI~5 !;If a (lO/en P2flny wal{jJll ~lJre 1"(I~1l~ , • l3~er innn 1J(lrTL1Ti1Yl nails of 'he same we ght

•

l~fJ] B. ti:b II'eBd w~o:.~Clle~

The <1~t of th~' sc~\vgun ~nu n1Jm~rQ'IJS. types of ,dli'IJ1211 bits 'fOr drills have made 50l-elft!s

a mains~&y' of ~h€l: carpen "fY trade. With I~t@ral~ hundreds of ENff,~rent screws and typ~s. of fasWfil" ing hardwar·e aVlIJirBlo'le. 'Ihere is a ipe.ciltc SCj'ffifW for almost ,every Job. IBut. hJll" mast G~(pe.ntry 10b::o; you 'Nill only need to' consider a. Jew general purpose ~pe8:, Although flails. are Btiil prejarred 'for lTaming joo~, screws tla:V€!' repiaaed nails for hanging wiSllloo~rd. insb:il.llI~l1Ig 'blook,ing ootwe~n .snrds, and: attachi ng !Sh€~'fling and 'floorililg_ -Screws are also treed to' aJitaQh a workpiece ttl ptsster, bFic~" ti~ concrete, whiDh requires an anchCi~ing de'!ilta~ (.opposite p.age', top)_

Sor!3'N5 are categ01ized according to, ~elilgr~h,. SlOt s .yle, head shape. and !Jaugie .. The tliiickl1es~ <0 : the .OOrew bOdy is mdicaled by 1tle gaiJ~pe. number The ·Iarger 1fie number, the Iffrger the' 8Q~'Il, Lar'g€" Screw:Sl pl'OVide extra ,holdlng !pOwet~ smail screws a1€ less lilii€1¥ 10 split a 'Ih'Orikpiece. There ang· V8iOOlJlS styl€-S of S£i'~W slot, inci'uding. PhiJlrps, . slotted, and square, :Square drive :sGrgi,~river~ EIIr€' locreasing in popUlarity because they grip the .sar,ewooBio 1igh1~y, but Phil1ips, nea-d sc·re'i!,iS rue :sti!l the mOS11POplJlat,

U:!e wallboard Siiiir.oW.$I, 'fll1l' g£i)~i'ai-purpo~!§, oea ... S:FI i i) Fit f.as'8iiirlg_ Eas ... .I'j i1oo~.fIlzabiGi

II}y U)9ii' iDugf{l-' ~apQd i~aoo; w.3]UxiQrd screws me .a~i:gned to

d"lmpl'e ·LtJI]: s.tj!1';z!;(:12 (lr

wal1t:oortl loffl.l!i:!at!t rlp-

!ping H~ 'fa.oirl:g peper. H~' .. -

ever, '!hey ~r'e otb~1l used ~or nO!l'-wal1bp.Etr,d tplQ'}eCW becau5I!;!· the)' ,ljrive <e~sily Ipi'lh oEi {frill or eCl'e'o'i' 9llll, don't reqlJ!i~ pilot t1~a~ artd setdom pap I!.IrJ 8."5 wood cries. ,1J'!i l5O~ 'ffQod. 1J'i!e' bugle-8MPed head's allow the ocrews .t.lJ COlJ.niersi'r,:Jk llhelrrl8·eJives~ De-r:k OO~· al(te' oorfOsim-resi51li:Jnl \'I,!B.GbMid ~rew.5i In;jde- !ilpecifit:~ly for oy~diXIr l.I~e,

MEl rial chroniorv prawsm aulorskim

Uee Wlin I!InC'~m Ie :E!i~~n Ilafd~a~·~' ili.!frlber to plaster. cenerete, or brkl<:~ Crnoose an aocl'rlaf iItIat is. equal in leJl{l1f11.'0' th€ 'thr(ikllffilS of ~he waJlls ~1Jmraee: ~t91ii:lI.IP,I8)g'lic, ptugs are: usad for <ilochoflllg n hotli:m !.'.!'E!Iiis,

To I ns~JI ~ IWtLll ;:aMttO~'1 ell'fll! a ,pIIOL ihoJi!II equal In dit;l:me:I~~ !OI tf'ile. pIa_aH\C ,Elir1cf10r'. 1t.J!9e.n. 'Wle MCtIer i'n 'ltie tiCi'le :;!lnd dri~ ijt ~\Jrg!'fl WitllllITJe willi &!~ce. IIl~er~' '!he oo~ ,enLllligilterJ il; as 't!'le' .anchm expandsi, II wiU cl'€are' a ~ight grip.

Spi;cf.Bl~ hB.~Jie Is y~ 'fQr mBfly ,di~la;eri~' cariReiltry a!pplft:~!JiO(!e. :EIi'>e!:e-s RI!1IC plat€$ pIDoJide' e;;.ctr,8i :5.1.IP3XJ1'"i: eo 'H'OOd joints, 1n':JW11 ~t:Iem1 QlJfi"!J a_!3~lembly oil' a, 'proJect ibr ,addlirl SUpp.DriI: OF to I'n{ind ill. tJr~n }DlfI~,

uSe ihJn,,:es to attam 'eaDQ1e:~ 1\?iiI::es .. d~, and lid'S:.. Building 'shJel\i'es W1lM1IbI~kHt~ saws tlFfl@' ,andl creams G! ro IlQ I, weI] JTI'OO nl:{! d !JfIil:$,

~rpe!llb.y :a_~-~i~~, h1!c~ooe ~Ch;;I1:~-:.rii:[le i'rom lOp Jig~: clear adlilesN8! oa'L!IR, fO!f ~81lil1g gaRJG. [Tj damp areas; Ylat-eifProo1' CQf!strlE~ion adlleshre. for bond ng kimoof, foi" Ou~_dOi:it [proj!N;[s.: j'fJiJJI.i-purpo!1i~ adl1€lslwr for ,a;llaichlng paJn@lling and :formlng stroog bonds.

When l,:IS!e'd IP~QP'6r1ly, 'glues ,and a!dlhl;';lsi~s ;;:;:an b~ stronger than Ihe ma~~Fials 1Jh~y Mid togenTer. Use' ~ot 9 IWIB in 1l9lht\N~i9~lt 'INOQdv-rortin 9 proJ~ct:s, carpamers glu@ lOt w-aoo ioints. and carp9filllFY ;;!!dhesiv~ ib~ pre-'Iimina~y in;stall@liQl"l 01 ~h in l;!alll9'ls ~!ildi hiJimbe·r. P'aFi1~1 adhesiVoe. a, ~h inrit<i" fI)JrfflIlJla 'I'ha~ Gao b~ ,ap,p1ied fi'i(;JiT! a Uube or 'iVith a. brush, is used. 10 ifliS~all pane·ling; waln~:mOljfilgl, and O~1FJ\~H' Ilght'lVelg'ht tongue-Bnd@roove mal:e~ials, Most caulk .9, aplPl ied 'WiU~ ,a caulk gun. bul some type~ are available in squeeze tubes 'for smaller a,ppticalions, Gaul ka. a'f'e de5igF'!e~ ~o perrrl'afleW!~Jy close joirrrt5, fm

beli!."feelil lumber pieces; e!etlNI;} hol glue gun antd ~~!Je siJicki3, f!!J!1" ooPiding :srn~lI decorative lrim pieces Oil ooirt-ins; 'N000 gi!ue!ii ,!:'!Jld ,BJI-purOO8e g!IJi!, 'for man)! woodwo~lngl pr~c'L$i,

g'aJP'$ in 'iNe!o~r:f;;, and hlde S!U bl la rmperf'ections, Din~r€i'nt c;~ulks ~r{f m~d~ '01' dlffern-nt CQm~ pounds, ;;l;Flid vary '9IflE!alfy ~n dlurab ility and wor.kahi lit)!. 'Whfh;; $ilicoo:e 'caulks lasl IOI"lg;~r, th€!y are ilo~ ~~intabI8 ~fl1:1 a.r'El' di'fficult ,t'O Simoolfl Gut Lale-:x ca_ll"Ilks ;;ire Ie£s (:hJilable than silicQlI1'e, but ar~ 'il'!lJch eaisi-er t'o wor'k ~ill1. es~i~nly I#heff! used. to hide' gapa., Many caulk.s ,are rated @I'II scales ,oJ 1 to ,4 'to rnd icale 11'OW well Ihe~ bond to ma_sonry, glass. tile, metals. ~ooo, fH}er'gf,acS:Z:, ,and plastjc, Read Itr;e label 'carefully Il~ cheese the' ~ight c-8lulk 'lor '!he Job..

Ma erial chroniorv prawem autorsklrn

S1fl!1ngjUU:U~, ';ro(ll~ ,ali'id dJeckl: i;In~ reduce iS~'\,J8aki;i wiW1 ~t and d:eCK e.dh~$i ... e. F'OF oi!,Jtc:h:iI;)r appllCca,tiofO!il, m:z;!ke 'svre YQ1,.1 g~:;!e I;!l Wi~,'tel"pn~'II;;lf ~Q.neSiiJ,r~',.

,P1IatQ' wax [~per' [be_an ,8, p~, elamp 01" C-elam~, ,$ll'Id lJ)la wc.tkpi8C~ 'lOi} pF1!I ... eA! ,tIfI~ gillJe; $€Ia:pi~ !l:Iut Qf lila w.ood joiftt$lf't;IFi'lI t::I!:iFIi::J:jl~91 II:i l~e. Clal"fip_

IJse ~, Pl"iIl!::!f kriliEE_i, 10 gElntl!P' PI)!' @ U'fi~ edge oi lihe ,I~ae:~Il1E!E1F. taFElfu~l~ ,g~8,pa' ~wa¥ U1H;1' oldi ghJa.

2 Appty a, l1'Iin COM ", r yelltlw ea, Ji_ p.ertilltin5 g]i,i!;I '1:0 tlt;g I;;Llir~.oE!'! UiS.1ngl is:! cGlMn S'H'BD 1:::1[ 'Dr'i;l:11, ~tiCf(. Pree~ tih~ v.eneer' ln place. -artid wipe, away an.,v 9l4lC":ess glidi!il ;;/,Iii! ,a: damp~tli,

3 ~~~ ,~~~g~6i:p a;~u:~~t~X

,Mel di(Bitlp, it \'i.!il~) BI bioel!o!. or 'IWOOd ,and' ~ C-~latiI'Ij:I_ La~ if,InE[ll ~]LI~ dr~

OV{ImigJ"l~., '

MElt rial chronlorv prawern au~o~"lm

Wlil;!~ ,!ijTe' 'I;\vo b!;I$!(:, tY1P'e'Sl q~ '1;(I0'! !!lielt5l: ap.'JI'l-3tyle aM Slde--rnounl-ed bags (:shQ'H'I~ h>BrEI~, Sial;! OF.! 9s crfal1't g'!;!~ in your WiilV W~"refl y.:JIJ crO:]l[oi]h, aoo maKE! lhe 1~ easlE!r' 10 r~ch H~ ... er II' 5 e~~;er 10 ~ bEtiJNe811 ~'Lldl;l wi Ie WElaring ,Eln alJl'"(Il"I-!;ltyle bell

Op-il®na'il ,belt: ;~:ohm,Jfjlnts. Sil.ieh as ~1:ers fOf d1il~, l'YfIip oFgani.2e yoor tool, load, T1hey can be 'WOfn aiooll Qf wi1h oU1€lr' tool bags,

Carpentry lobs are easien ~helii your tOOI1S, ere or.ganized ifll .til too!' be~t. bec::"lu5'e 'you spend r.ess time se€lrchfng 'for the righ~' ~ool,

St~ndtaJfd !eaJ.li (as flOr toO'l bens in(.lu~e slots 'r\Qr 'scr,ewd rivers" "~as, i!J ICarp~)l\6~ pencii, ,~ndJ a lilili Ly knife; at ieast one OOrlilmer loop: a$ld a deep pouch or two ~'or carryi FJg nails, and scr.9"ws, MlaiFilY belt61 alSOC! have 8i .slot f'QF ,a ta~a meaiSUf.'!e ,and a hook for haR!g,in~ ~ S'rnal~ levek

,

ihlf!~ aboul Ihe tools :f!Ou 'most otten usa, and cn~l:ti_se' a tool bal~ ~het ha$ Ihe rig~t number of S ots, p~elS, or loo:ps 'fOr ij!'.:ffi.i'd' ~ool 10,%0, Tti.~ mor:e vaJied the ~askr5 yoo 'It ~ I"!andling, the If'f'IOre elaborate ~lJ!r belt sbould be, I'r '~~ 'IJ ,on'v' oe frl;!ming. a simple c.eu"!v,a'S Ji'!-ail'Ing ,rlPFOfI. 'l.vith a tiafflft:il9r IO:OID l'lUI!y b€ aJI you n~~"

If yOIlJ Garry ,81 lot of too~ arl yOlJ~ !OO11~ a [pair O'f 'susp~nd'~rs can 00 Us€,fUiL 8:u81pmdm$ F@~ lease SOOl.e of the' ~j9ht 'from )tOur hip~, ~€~al romp8l1';li'as of!lgJ' suspenders d€si~fj~d to attach 10. y.Dl,Jr 'tool ibe~t..

For proj0ds that req l,.Iir>e toots you cant 'fj!, into, ycll"lr biijl~~ CO'IL'sider ,I.J!SjIilQI a bucket aPlpn {page oppa€ii~:e)_,

i~ you plan to 'oarr)! a, drill, you may wanllo ,purcha56: a. sepe~ete drill ho~slej wi'~h sfots; for commonly used b.ta"

Mat rial chroniorv prawem autorskirn

1!Jj~ ii, ,tM~ bu:ck_M l'or latr~ar 't;)ir I~~ ~'~Cj~~~ly i'iEI~c:!e-d !lOO'1~ ,aJfid a W~lllI ~II, '~ (l,l,iICk aeesss !O sm~1 '[001$, The bL1Ckst ~PKli"l ia,~ CCrl~V8f1~~t way to ¢a.fr'y SR:le~iatty ~00.f$ mat 'I,!,!tll ~t 'lit tnt(:; yOUl 11001 ,beU, aUii:itl ,as a Irmg' .re ... s'l

or a c.e~Jlk gun" "The '~I Oi,X:ket' aJao ,e_!IIj'H\S tSieve"ral pe(Jpte' to snal,e- I~" .

Matsrtaf chroniony prawem au o~Jklm

Prying 10015 are' an ,es.senlial part o'f ,any c6Irpe:.nter's tool: ar:selina!. because many carp@I"l~r.y p oiects start wi'hll the rennQvBiI of !Elx,ist:ing maJlelial$. Willn the rig tt toors. you can cnen ifeImove f1Iai~s, ~",ithOIlJ\ dal"llaging tllJe I u moor, so flat I. call be usoo again.

Pry. bars are avalLa'bJa fn'many !S~9~. Choos~ qual i~y pry oo.rs 'forged ~'rom htgh-carbO!fl slea~ in a si'ng e .pie~, ~or.got!'d tools are' st~fig-eF than those made 'frorn \!/elded psrts,

Most pry bars ha.'!;\Ie a curved cla,w at OIiJe erid Jm puUing .Mil's andl s chisel-shaped up at tile oPPOSite] end °for other prying jobs, You can irmplov..e Ie",rerage by placil11QI .Ell wood bl.oc~ all linch. OIr t..·1010 8JW8y 'from ~ rnateri6l1 you're !l.rying ilO p .y loose.

A net bar- is made of iflarLel1l1d I Sligh1ty 1fe)(ibk! steel. This tool 15 useful fOlf a variety. of Ming end rl'€rn;;!I[oon ~. Bolh ends can be usen tor pulli[lg ooils.

chronlory prawarn autorsklm

PQlng toots, iruellJd:e "lI"€ck;in~ bars fur I'H:~ aOOlofitiDIl' 'iNOr.k. est's paws rer 1f€lliKWiIlg ooas, and a' bm"d pu'iler, ~ bars Bl€l made 'of 'II ane 00. d ~®e~ and carne irI a variety <of sizes fur f.1gl1t., and heavy-d!J1y. use,

4 'W~~!'ligi ~r:. $O!'il-e'Im'i~ c~QJ ij! ~r~blil!r, i5: a rig'i(;! '00'1 fu~r de'lT1oJitiQll ,and J'hea'l,i'ff pf)ing jobs, Use scrap wood lIJr:l!da' ilP!e bar to protect surtaoas ..

A C~~~ ~ h~ :a ~!1t!fpeliiled ~i~ 'f.or r,~jng Ia,tuooorn nalls. L!lee a haJ'!'!,!ITIer ti:o .ol'ilrffl, the, ,claw inlo Ihle ~ under tfl!) nail 'heat1, IFl8f1 le'\I\ilr 1lr1il aca ro, pull up tMifI' n~IL

M atorlal chroruony prawern aLltoF§'kllTI

An irrn"Oiilant !S1~P in aV43ry car.pe'l'iItry !project is me~~t5L!fing aocurately, IBIJY a 25-~L staal t!t:ipe measur-e wi a !f'-wl . a bla,da. for genaralJi.!sa. MOOI ~apa· fiIleawres al'le r~r:aC1able, se ~ ',e tape returns esslly. Make SuFe yoor {ape JIIas a 100 .rugl mechanism. so y.ou can keep il e'xtsnded 10 8! d~s-r~ ~ngth. A 001' cltp is: ~I~ @ssenti~L

Wi~ar ~apes Fl!Oil'!'fIiilly ha\tt! a longe~ .standourtha' d~tance a I:ap~ can I)a extended before· it o.ends, u der [its own ·!/j,'eigtrt. A ~ol"!g standout ,15 en e.:dteme~l tI~eh.! leatui'e' wfl.en you"a measuring witf'iOU'l: BI partner to' support the far 511Di 01 ~he, tape, Opers a, Ul.pe in I:he store, 8:1110: e:delildl it until it tlends_ II: shculd h8Voe a standoui of 8~ least '7 'H_

Ta.~~ me--a-.sUl\e~ ~re comm!l;)(nly set If! ~. ~norjemej"Jt$ a Oiig he, top ~dge .and ~ '. irJ~remel'l!ts for the· Hr:$l six i ~l'ie$ aerees the, ~ott'OfYI. Se !ect oo.e wi'h nL!mbe~51hat ariEl eaS'f t'O r'e.&C:, "Easy reader' 'tape~ :fea~U(fe e, I'Jaclior"la~ re,eooul Ibt' people: ~"Iho have difficulty reading i'J'leEisuremen~ caJibrarbed wi~h dash marks. M05't ~8pe' measures tesnrre n moors lhat are marked or labe.led E1~ry 16'" for ,;]asy malt:ing of susds, A high-quaili~y !:ape ~SIjJ\il aJso has; a ·two- or 11h1;~EI~rh.!'Qt ho~~o cOTItrol ~he amount 01 play till the' tape, ·ensyrlng ~tOl.:ir measurements we as accurate as pOs.'Silbf:e ..

B!IIJ ,3 2_1!ji..lft rnw.a.Q~le· .9!im 'tape' 'fa geJ!le'JaJ carpe-.()Iry p $cts. I~ y.ElU aMt i.irooongr·OI1l a larg8lIPtqJ!lC~' like a de~. pathli. or rata n[ng !Hait, eoesldar eurehasi 9 a. 5{)!..1t real-wpe j,ape.

Ma rial chroniorw praw m au orsklrn

'~aUf1i' !In in~h}, Ttia 8!ld hook, M 21, tape ii'Wa£'l,lffl has a small il!lFIilOlIIFll: ,or pla.v. a.fId s~id' i"D1: be usad when .all"l'EI~i\'EIniIEI!1!I i3i:i(:uralle m~a!.!m£!man.1: ts ~qui~cL F'Oi' plIeci~ i'r'i~a.>S'lJrafm'iiiiin~. l,;.I$e I rue· 1- II1'Ili!irk as your :!it.al'Wig poiFit {-ca!ied Jou'I)'inrg an in:eh), men sub'tr:i{:., '1" frofri your Fe8l!Ji!1'gL

Use ItlFi'ly one itafliill i'iil'i!l;]!iYW@!, II p¢-5S(o!i:I. while 'lNotkiilg M .a pmje~t I r ~0Li f'i'k.iat \ .... 0.:'1< 'Wl1n '1'Ml t~:!i 'lfia.~ iSLIre !n.ey reoo.rtd ina !:';atnl;' rt'IBa:;li.J1,ernenL. Dillarliilm ti:lp9 rne8.S'lJrei:i do noL al!Ma~8 n1ea~ure ~quall~, A. alLghl diff'811!i1nl;ill;l in 1he, end t1W~ can cref.l1e ~n (!171;li1 1;11 }': • or n:wr'e beiwe€ln lWO '!..::Ipe.s. eYlY! il they are of itli! same mEind 8f!d Bt~le.

lShlil~lfy 'Iliia t_k: CJ4' making ~1i'a:iQt11~ 1'[O~~il Ci,J]a in w,af:ltJMM, 1L(ici<.a, h'l,PE!' Iii'iie~n\e' ,iiJil: lhe' de~ired wkHh .and p~iti(!ltl ,81 Il,IWiW kl'iiif,e- brade I!.!liider '!.Hie ~l;!pe; 1Ii~, ~gldl ~rua' ta,P& body il'ii IlJfIe' I1i!:tnd ,end the l!tn~e and 'tape h>t!O'k :irli i~' olfJe:r as YOUi rslloe U-..e 'blade a_[g~g ltJe 'lrva1IboW'd.

C_k tro~ Iq,lliJr,e iilfJe>1'i bliilildingl ~~mes. ~~ .. cabin~, araw-er~~ ,afId oWJe1IRroj~t!;l w~~, 'fit 'i!;l 'imp!l:lF~'g!fl', Hold B, ~a.J;lE ~~1.!n;!lM:l'!OeS, 'th_e ~i$.nonSiI5; oJ: th-e ~Die;;e ~C, 'EbD). TIh~ lIT1ea~lJJ!remel1lli wU! be ide1ltical: it the wo.rkpiecoS!' is e:q~E!J'e'.

MElt rial chronlorv prawern au~oi'~s! irn

· p umb bob IS ij, stl'1 P ,~I ex'remely prec se 1.ooJ used 1.0 esltibls a It~ 'that Is pluiI1D---Of etaclly vemoal Plumb' bO~9 are comm.only used 10 tlnd mar'r:;ln4J POLfI.1'S Co position .E) sole pla~· Yo!tJe:n bu lcling a ""aiL Plumb Carl ba a, hard concep! 10 vlsl.JeIIllzia Pl rnb laiars 10 ,a h:ipo~hi9'JCal ~Ine. unfling 10 [he 9'¥act can! n Ihe eanh Ano1t!e1 'oVa' lO conceptual 17..e r rnb rs to tr Ink or 11 as a ina

I lis esac '!j perpe d cuar to a ~evel s rraQe

.aha!. I i'fI IS fiI 100 used 10 marK ®eighl ~Ines. oolla • surtaces for l8iyoot or '0 mar ' Sheet goods anc lumol][ fm cutting. A chalk line Is. room eecue:1~ han a peoci. whan m~~king over longm distancss Typica1 eha lines contain 50· ; 00 n. or lln~ ~'.I'OtJnd tip if'll Ell case'M led wi t'1 clkllik. Always; tap !he .box I ghtlyo r 11'11 coat til Ii' -e with chalk be4C1tE! puillng It OI.JL To fr"Iar . 6 line, e~tend It rrom

e case, pull it taut, and .snap It LJ!:i ng, [he [hum!) and a e I geT.. Cha Unes ave a eran &hat is

~l!Id to reel In 1:00 I when Ihe Job is complete,

and 11 locking rnecha 18.'1i to help ~e.p the. line taut d I1g marking.

Most of 100ar's cna~1< Iinas (sor'rle~~mes cal~CI chalk ooxes. (double a'S plumo boos. for gene~al use (see photea. oppos be page, bottom), A chafl< bQX lsn'l quire as 61cmJ a~a as :3 plumb !bOb far

e:s ablishing a 'Jerticl€l lines. Ii!Jwever. rr you dorf't aw :l plumb bob, usi 9 a c al oo:!: IS an ea.sy .alterna - B.

, , ,

I! Stud kK:ii!ltloo

IV ---

j

1"c sna,p "ill slili!ll1k: '13n~ ~GVlIr ,i!! !j,j\~' :aho:Ji'!t!, dkibantJ&,. pin titi9 string d!':.'fWrl with !he' e.dge; Gif y.nur' palm. '!1ien ~~S'e' '~oLir illMi.iliIb anar fl5J~lingeF on tile ~eme hand '00. efilS.p the IilflB, '{~9i"I :snapp f'lg 1in!3~ '[0, m~rk ~tudllg¢~liOIl5i. mi!1lM!!I! SUrE! yOU snap QlieJ ,1tI~ cen!l;if .g.~' 'th~ ~l\!d$, ~O \i'l5u Wlil k~ w:I~Bf$ 'I~ ,fjrw-ar 8Dr'~8 Q1r rn~II:;:_

To ll"lillle !Ii!! Glgn: ehll1k' mri. place 1lile 1M 00 hi ,over nhe 'edge rn rttJe 'ali:!rt Sli.Jrfac0 iOif hang! H en a flaiL At your endpoint,. OOI~ nllec 11fIf3 t:iL,rt again$! 'bne wC\rk ,l;:iPf.l;loe. ,t~1'iI ,,," -II ,'~'" ... 1._"," iI\" lfn - '" - "'. "f ...... m ~h""

IF'!J~ L!I'!,.. '!.'t!!a!'" . 'Ie ~J'(>Q'f _I v ~ _""

:su ri'a 00' wi'lltl ~r nu.!mb and forefinger. Rel:€a-OO'il so ;ht~ lin® s,naps. r(~uEkI~ OOO}i:. tt)av.i~ a c:lear. S:1:f~~hl. lifl9 ar etlJm:. Trij rooka a chalk .ioo ionger Itlarrl 12 n_. lP'iFi 'ItIs line dcrdirli 1ft tu,9 1C1;ii\1er. iil1en ~:flap it itlilII:i8 0tiI r8~ct1 ,aide 0:1' the midj;l(lint. ~f ~r ,~~Ik line i:i!i faiftit, it Wlay ~ 1iIf'fJ~ 10 l-eil);Jd' ,t~ iine, Or ~ may Mw' I¥LOi~~L,mre in ')lour :~. l¢!~pinOI Ute bo._:( :e, 'r,e-'i'i" ~ilif1es .agaif1lst your hammetr re~i).Fe IPIJlling aut Ahe: Ime shoLdd enSUjijl 1Imil: Ilislu1l:.' .cQar~d wHh rehalk. ~I no't. yQUiliia.\te rnoiatl,lfie· in '!i'CU1' !~ i¢' illry gut r.OUIf lin_e'. pl"d! 'ltle rEliffibire ~illEl' o-\!~ -Ell: the lella ,01' t~ QIiY and se~' i~ near a. heat OCII .. Uc€: ovemighit.

"fig i~~ltton i(!!1 ,~~. 'plat~! htar'ii9 a p!!.!!i1b b-'lJb, 'firom the red~;E! 'm ~he b:!p-prate so,'[tJat it nearty teuches the flOOr. When it h-mgs mofQ1!ess, JiIl:ilJK 1Jle ~'oi]lr dlret:~ly be!~ tfr!e point o~ ltle plumb 'bQt;. Repeat iIFIe ,pr-ooes8 ,aj' '~xf.1l end' m the l'lIew wal1 space 1:0 rnelerIminE;? n!t~ pmper 8:Dl~ pr.ate 5JOsiliol1.

Matsnaf chroniony prawem au (skim

carFJillln~_IiII":!I ir,;'I,!~lg,'

'!if o iii !i!iM:Guld ow"' at ~IJHI Mo ~!11!""~Ii!i~ a ;2.~~_ earpentifitS 'i !IIN(i II lor ctJockl'nQI S~iJlilf:i" ilGt<sts, and otner lon.{ll ,c:()f1Slli'lJ£llon SJ:.irf~C{lf:i • and a a to '9"' IOf~da Igv.~ that is, 9aS,Y to carry If! a ;00Ii ben: and is peri'oci 'fa( cooc~·,

Levels

L@l\,!\il!ls are oeS!$€:lfItia~ to virtuall'!! ~wry carpentry pro,jec~~ They help 'YOlJl h1L1i~di walls. mat are per'fecUY ve~trc.31 (plumbh shelves. countertcps SInd steps lfii~t ,are level, .and 'roofs, mart ilicl[IlIB st acerreet and oGllsis~:ent pilch,

lake C;)Fe of 'your IlEvel's_ Do not '~h~cw Dhem in~:o a tool bucket or box. U Illik_@, some Clth€:~ ta~s·! aJ l~v8!1 is 311~ly H,ll:l;§ilj ~nstn,jJTII4InI: ~Il~t is ,0asily ,brOK'€In- 8e'f(lre )!"'OIJ buy all level, 't>es,t ·i~ Oiil a! lelllel '~a,Jfra@9 'to, make surs Ihe vfa!ls ,are 3ccurale (Oflp~91iL~ pag;e),

Most le-\;\ets c(ri["ijt.ej.n one or n1!OFe' ibubble.

.I"'i "", i'j ....... -----"""''''t'''''', , ..... j - : ,';1'11 "" 1'·'''''-1 .... ,,",o;'T'Li'i I" ",,' .. , '1:iIG!J:::!,'E'~~"'Gl ",!oJ! 'l!D.S 'ilI11'l a su Ig.~ ::O!'! _ ~ ell~

bub!]!e ,su!:1pended ln 'rluid----tha~ indicate ,~he :Ie'l.lier's or:len~lioo in space at .Bin}.~ mome.nt. As, the I~I is lmeo" me b!JIbb~e ~hifil.S its pogiUon i n-

39

Ili'MllYtl~ 'OilU'

l~rpOd:O Ii S\! eI

Ing shelves, and moor smadJ woo-kpfeces. A lj;.jl. ver ... sion oUne carpentes's liwel ~ j!i[jiJSt IJseiul 'for fram:iflQI projeo18" COllsiaf1IIlUrchasingl a :1 eve I WItt! ill pro1:ec,:.. tlve carry~rl!ti!' case,

sidle th€: vIal ~Q r,eil'ect the ehanqe, This type !lJof le\'e~ ls sometimes J,e(erred in as ,8, sprrit level becal,l~e 01 i1he use o~ 81Dohol irisi'ode the' gauge. There 8Ji",e 8~Q several l,!!pe5, of electronic t~vels. thait offer dig it8~ readouts instead! of' using a. bubo e gal!:.Jg€L

Mogt cafp~n~€:r':s ~1s. DDn~ajn ~hrl€!e gaJJges: om!:' tor ch~ckil'lg I~~ (horiZQrltai orj~n~tiooJ ons f-OF ptUIlilQ ('verlic~l: orteni~,1ijon). and 1'Jf19 'f!or 45;:' angles- Some' ~a\lEils inolude' parrs '01' gaJ!Jges wilh opposing cYrves to ~1'!fxO-'I,!Ie ~d~bllijty,

Top q!jJali~.v C9j''pe.l~(~, leve~s, cootain screw-in 01 !:ifla,P-inl vial cases ~hat Cafw be. [,eplaced rr '~ beoome damagedl, ,hea,'ity gla5~ lerl!!5€-S Io prateCct ,each vial or se~, 01: viats. 9f1d shock-abs.Qfbing rubber: end! caps lor adX.HtiOOi!3J proteo1l on.

Mat rial chronlory prawem autorskirn

Eli~:ilI~IiY"P!iil!N£i~!i!I ll!Ii!l!lilail ~evels, rep~riW3eiitt the latest achi'.:1JocQ m le ... f}'I '118- -sign. Olgi[al 19liie1s. p:l~O\!HjB '&'@Fy aceurata Cllgiril1 rasdouts, '00 ~OI,J dem 'la'WE!: te 'I! u~ !(oor a~Ei' !Udg lng' kRlbb[e po~llioo \",Ii!hll"~ OIl vial. OjgiHiJ 19'!iels ~IMI rr~a"6l,i[,E! ::;IO,P8 ar'l:d ~~-elf rI:!::S,ffun riil;l.JO:S, whit.h 8Je uaE-!"1ul lNnE!n Ol,l ~t1- ,ingl $1~il'$, i,he et-eclJriOiiLc cO~!ileli"its are lCom~ir1ied in ,eJ l'I1(Ioule tlrllat can be· YS~ :aIQIl~ as ~ 'borpeQg. I~~, or il'l5iel'ted imiJ lr8ilTle>.s of vaf'i/~n~: ,lellg~!1rS,

BuHd it'i 1!!<V!2'ltIrnglll!!l DiJ: cnees 'WaipMl al"iIJ bowtid lumoo! by cotIlflQ a ~1lI',,:ughl;:.uge on a la1Jl.a :s:;tr,v ar'ld i31!EI,!;.hii\g Ql0r! 2: x II blrn;;k.8 tD rie ElrtI~El_ 1I~ '~tr'g!jlgr1l'E!age et\itiyld ,be- $I'j~h'i~ $.tiio:rter ~lfian '!.!he 'I~ber YO!l.J ,(i~ c'heClijn~l Tap:e {!f claJli\P ,a !e"el to' tfle 5irailjh~edge IOn ~F!e 'side gprrosile ~lr!e :2 ;iil 4, broo'ks. Ho:ld tile blocks ,a-gEL.msi' '~e lumber and fi!lirli U~, l~io'!3-11:O cnllCk 't{lf plwnb ,OJ h~'Iroll. Jf Y'OIj,I" pmJecn: re~u1Ir~ Il, ~QU, can ,iootail a :s'i"forl, ~i,i~ Pc~oa'. ~ited a ¢~" '111M mil ~a bUM',erl i'ullitl)ar Into lime' ~t U'iIEl' 'I.!'ar~d ,Or bowed lOca~ '~.lbe~Qre VOl! Ils,i! i~ ill ~EIDe.

IMa'~' ,~re ¥w~ le'lIft;! ~'iSI, :ei~c;ry.., I~.(!ite.. HQI(j1 6ne ~ideo ,01' '~ne level ,agailit5.'l ::!i il~t eYefli OOriM~ {Wp photo), mark the ~calijon. and, Ilead til@! bubble g:mg~ carefuny. PiiW[ '1ti11li t(;I'Je.:l 180? (OOtoom phu:lo) .and raad. !:Me qaugS' ,again_ Na~1. f1 PI

'. ,ec. ~ ... &l a ... er aoo" ilfIaUl 'lhe; !!;ia~_ flil& bubble shooid' giV1;!' U"ie $affjE;i ,f~dif1'!g Eta~h 'I.a"fle. II' (iIOl!, adJ.ust ii'le i"fIOuIi'liimg :s.t:r~, '[\0. 1;i;31~,EUE 'IrIQ ilI!.Jbbls, or buy r:I! "'e'W'~8\1eL

Mat ri al c h ron i ony praw rn au i039 kim

SQjuares come in

many shapes and sizes, but 'Lh8~{ are all designed

wi tI arm g€:ne.ral pu pose: to hal p you mark lumber and sheet ~o.~ far cutting.

Thera are, howeI\le.r, distinc!t dif~ FereFllces bet'Ween Ule Vilrious types 01' S.q)U.a!reIS, Sgme' are made rm rnaJlking s.:traigh~ cum ali sheeR goOOs, whl~e 0 hers are best {Qf making .qu.lck OrOOSI]Ui5 on 11 l( 48 OJ mal'kiing angles on afters, Using ~he' .

A 'i'ilaiatlo.rmil ifj':'cSq 1.1 II NIl simpll1i€ls

U les~ af rnaffking afllj Ci.1L~l.fIg ISlraignL linea ,00 S~lEISI.'$ or w.a.[j·_ bOa a. The, to;i=!' o! 1tJe T ha~ e ... ~r lhis !!dee of iLi1s' 'lf2llLc.oara !lilnil.a

.g- IElg is 'used a.iS a 'S~;:;fgt\'alJigEi. j!;, T -square ~8 aiso ~ aoov 'lOr

, rlarking GuLLu-IQ LiMS 00 pl:,o·· WCJCtd afId o1her 0001:11 goods. SOfi'ja modofllS halte .aF! acjU$jabla T tl1at can. b~ 001. te common angle~_

40

~ight OOO~ will speed yoo~ wtlfk 8Jndllm,pF'O!Je' the acC'IJi\~:Cy of 1'00- c~}ts.

'Famtlian.z'e yoo sel with Ule dif'fere.nt type·s o sq,oorgs am.(:i their uses 50 YOli can clil oos e.' tn€. righl: 1:001 Ibr tie joo.

.A, frliml'ng sq,uar,. IS comnoonl~ usad 00. m.afto;. right aJf1{jiles Oil smoom gjood:s. andl other iarg~.a aurf£iDi:ls, bu'l it t::.ar."llilll'S.il:l be LiSSI('d te 'e&tab~

Ii sn ifili'rt91' 9 j"jg II'$S IBy u S I rJ g d I j ~1Jl!Wl ~ i'rlBasuref'OOnLs alOFl9 100' body (Ibr.g <:II'T") aFldi U1I9 tooglJ):e (~ort arm), -he teornas 'gradatrkins marked in ~l.rJ:.' locrrernents, and

rna 'iii eOO"1e. Iitii.tJ d Q IJalfe d ~a'b I !'IS 1.0 !'tel", you make .aPlgle~.

C~mmon Fra:mlng Square AflI,gles

Angl. ' To n;g !JI' Boct~
;30 '1;2u ZOO
45" 12" T
so '1;i:!" j/
loa 12- 4'"
75." '12," 31! "
Boa 1 ;2" 2!idi' Ttt, ,nl1 8H\iI!I SOOuSi nhIJ markings te LIse on t.I'it3 framing SqOOf€l 10 iflblein ro'rIiilOFlI'y' mquirild ang}e:!L I r you warn'! W m~ a lJfIe a.1. a 30D rEllfIgle Mark 'itJe ~pl!!K;eJ at 12" or lhe toogua and 2IYG on Ihe DOd:,' ,afId connect Ill€! marks wiW~ aJ :s.'I"~jghl 11M.

nat chroruon prawern autorsklm

To ftl.iiIrk !II ~.rtiII<~ c~ .. ~ll!lg. hoi!] tne square 8iQBfIlst ~.IIite !Bag€!~' <Iile: ~ OO!}, then ~ UhB ~dg!l of ~ bladil 10 g~ldG 1{{Iur p9i'l1f:i, ~ ,tti~ hm'idl'Q!s, ~ IIDgg; itO malic iOOards ~{lt' mit.aif eurs,

TiO' Ilin!Irk, an-g't& ,GUI:S_, p;os~1oi'!l me; If,a1ter SQtJiai1Ei1~:;; lP'iljot ~int ag~iilll~t ,the edr;JEI' >Of ~h!e< '!NUF~e a-rid ~.< 'It! I;t ~J:lol t;;Q the' d '*' i rl£l d an g ~ fi\.!i rktrigl is .;i.ltgMci' '!hilI'! 'illia Eali'il~ 8(:198_ ~rlm9 fa fine to ~ 1~, ~ Ct'i tne ~. ~ Ine ~ool ~ to mark ~l'lIgh~~. in qh!~ QPpoeite 'l1ir~i!J!l,

'To mai1k ailine I~nlnllel t~J> the edge ![I~ ill bOaJd. kick 'title blade at iOO' d®slred m~aoor€ll1l0m; [~n

h ofd 'It! 9 ~l p 0 f: 'It! Ell pi;! fIIC [I ;al0 flQ iIEIl3l edg~ ii1~ 'Ihe ltiilarloe ~ ~iJ ~ide ~~~ IDtlli ~ibng 1M 'IHdrk ~ta~L Thi~ iii; i;.isi?flllli wtm.a~ marking F:$V~I iii'!S$ or'll Wind'~w arid! dwr jatnba, (pages ~,52 to ']:5~1.

'Te ltI_ar.k ero5llcms. place 8. rafter ~t1:!Plre'6 raised edg:e <~lush wilh one edge of ~l1e boar,d and lm' the perpe.l'lIdlc!J!.'iIr edge to 'guid.i1':' )"Olf.f penc~, Om ,",ldl2ll~rd~; :f0u"'l lfI~cI [0 Ilip ~b~ SlfjUa-Hl te iItIi!!l ooard~s: O~!£lr' OO~9 10 e~tend ~he ~n~ aeress ~~Q iixtard,

To ehB, torsqUil'Ife', !Set the !J4ad~' ,m i3 square ftustJ 'W11h ~me ilBflil o.~ thiE WOI1kpl~e ,and. tile 'hil1In· dIe ihJish IiWIh 009 iQd~-e- If 'II~' e'41d1 is a ~r~,'OOP, Ii~jl"~ lAIili li'Iat I~ a ~:.ap, I!;Jstw~1'II U,!El ~{ji!3 ,~f"!g: ehlB ~piece,

TQ QI!f~ IP ¢h'i~Tsf:ea"<wheiiil maloiJng: crose:C:'l!tEl. '!1rE;~ SHgfll n~el Ibl~ ,of ihe SeM,i< 'Wi~h :yelJr '~~l!rm li~_ k VQU! !l::1,l1'. hqldllh~ ~,(:Ij~d .edge Q'I"th-e ~1;lI1J.(:!1fe agB..tn:;ll< the ~$t edge of the 'WO'rkpiece. and ~!Me Il-eFlJ'SI'liJJicl.!J.a!r edge <l1!usll ~iljlij ~!i"!e ~'oo ~ tl1€ saw,

M ateri al c h ron I any pra we m au o.fi k I m

fa every portab e p.!DWer saw a.vai~aWe today, liler,e i$ al'$O a hafld§'l.l'~ ,available 'ihB:t W;B;5 ar.iginally used lo 1fOO:'k~ lh€· sarna type of 001. AJ'Iilough ¥DU wi.1I probably use a eirc~I~. jig. Of m~1er saw for most cut:ning. lhe' ,e are times '!,I';'llen u~ing a hand StJiU Is easier:, m@re COIilY.enle 1, aild prod' i~.;eS batter results.. Hoodsaws ansa "Mias ltJe do-it-VOUJ6'elfef n coot-decwe alteri'fit:1ltlve to Ihe higher price of p~ver tcols,

~F€' ale many tlifterer1c.es·

!be "Wt;l1'lI1l hand.saw&. 'lMlm you shop for 8" -saw, look for 000 that's designed iOj( the ~Y1pa of c.utLing ~ p an to 00. Di 'er-~ eOO9S, in handle design and 'Ine iilumber; shape, and <!Ingle' (set) of 1n>e tea~h m~~a ·each :sa~ work. best In specific.

appl ca~IIiJi1'6.

'For gene aJi earp9fl1fV cuts, usa ,f!j crosscut saw with ,8 'to . (I teeth per inch. Crossout SPi'f'YS have [poi J~dl teeth dleSrgned 10 slice. Ihrough wood] 011 thetorw,ara Sll'oke and to ceepen ltJe cu~ and ~ sawdu.s~ ~rcm ·the kerf en th~ back stroke .

. Always U~EI·~. handsaw lor ~ts Ir!1ended purIPO$~. Mi;su8.€i of ,a handsaw 'Mill only damaqe 1he toof, o Ii.!I I h~ lblaciiij, O-I Wad iI;o Injury,

When sa\ I ·blad'ecs beoome' dul • lake them to a. pr.;Jifession;;l_J blade 5Jlarpene for tlAnlng" U:s. worth Ihe' 9(:(tra oost ~:o e-nsUJ'EIi I.he· j.OlJ Is, dooe right

M:akEr\tI a Il:O'Lfltlll.!!t !by he.:nd requi ree II 00,",' ~i\ilh .I:!i rlaIrow, 'l;;1!perl;'c . blade thall: . i;8 into oormn.ed spaces, Use 8 k-eytm.le saw fQl mak.i1lg ou tours in 1I::d~.rwooc!i, panel-

g. and mner ·tt1in maL-eriBts, Bind a wallboord saw lor rn.akillg "fi:d.ure. cuiects n wallbc!a1d. rur tips on I!.Jsin;g t he 00' saws see ·page 47"

hroruon prawern autorsklm

,A, ~I"OIKm: !i8w comes in handy .or sil1gle-ctI~, pro[ects or in 0i)fiiil"loo ~0S Wfl€Fe ~Il" oXlb Wi\DI"I'~ flit. At 'ltJiJ {md 04' aJ cl.t!t, saw .slowl~. and ,sU'PPOtt W@S~!l ImabeffuaJ with yow "[Ii'ile Ilarlld 'tel' pre ... ~I, spliftta:tii'iig.

,A, ,!:Oping :MW has a Ihlil.; 119_xlb[e' blad!l dl£Jsigned to ,~u~ (;1.:J1"if{!8_ I~, Is, also .essefi1Ial' f5'.l' makirYg p~f)'r~88iofL~I~ i~g .ii[)if'lts; iFif.Ftll'I mQi~ff1gs;: 'nH~ Iti!lada- or a !CQPin~ saw Ibi~ easiiy 1NMei'I Ul'l!:;h¥' ilEI~y Ii,Jse- 18L!1y El:ldr~ . blatles:,

,A, DHksaw m~n a m~e!i I:!m:: cuss preclse ang'les on moldfngs and GitieI Mm, Clamp IlJf hoJd the workpiece· In 1Jr:J81 mit€lll' OO~ and rmik€l: stir€; th€l mU~r boo Is :00:,c.urel)!, filst~flifld to ~oo 'iNOrfi:, sLfr~ac~,

,A, ,hack_w' nes a ~1ID:ible.. fIFI@·lwn h1ad€l, d0slgnlld ~ OLH. mGta!. Carp;ef1~fS !!.liS~ j,'!Jae;ksa'Ws to ou~ plUJi"i:l!biFflg 'f;:iipa 6ii' to eut away' :s'1;uboom rni;i(;alll'~'ef'll;!t.e. T,o av(Ji:dl ml?~kilflg 'Ilhe Ibia,>d&, :Wst(;1iI ~Il'la ~a.d:EI' ti~if:tt in tM 'haO"ri,mw ~'~rne before (:I;l!L1iri1J,

M ateri al c h ron I any pra we m au of- -'k I m

lfiwteet halileDW ~ee.Wl ;fIl'T!d pr'ev~~ aQl)iaeflts by re-O'o'IlIlng 'th€l €nD!l 'htltJ a proteme shm:ath lIrilen the saw IS net in, LiSB. A SaM' sh~a~h can be' mad€! from a Fl.2InilWl' Sc1Jrip ,Gf WOOd, tlg"1Id 'foam. ,wan aid g:ar~f1i nose. Cut a f€f1I9ttlwisl'J! s"1tlt into ene ,@{j'{jie of 1M' i:J'lIBeLl,. ~8!fI .1 •. im,~r 100 !ia'W"Ilfi!£!tM,

IihmgITil a h~li'Ids'<l'iY ~ut with an 1JIp-lHard! Sjrok0 to es~b'iah me 'cut Idl@, ~Jnm1 I1'I!ak@ Uig, :smoo1h Slil'ct€~ W11M 'I},e lCia&i, at .:11 ,~5~ .am~ie_ R'i£!~FfID,ar: A 'SaW bladE:!' ~on:!;IJjI'fii3$, 'fro:i'n %I. to :f' Of wood. Start '!f'i1U1r ,f:.tit .IU!;1i' wide 01 !ria m~rkaCi wt~if!;g lif.l!a to ~d li!.;Jtlilf'lgl orr teo mLtCn mateJla1. Ail, ,~ou siart the; cut. guide ,Iti~ sa,IN

'Wl1h me s.k:le of, ywF lJ'itlJmb.. .

Develop ~ IPr~~ell" siI!ln~ '1"1 S~jWhllgl;, AI,"a~r.l takft tl1£l ltma 'ID gilloomfor1able bIJ[ar6 .sawing and rnak!} !5ur~ ~ur I'and, oalOOw, a."Id s~ld~F ara Ohl"{JC'lJ~ InImEt ..... ill' mtla- 8r:1r'iN bla:d~. UMi your ~.humb l.o guid!! 1181 Eia\V EIs you sJ:art. Sew with a ~raCl:dy rhyinrn, ClppLy-ng 51~h~ pre~9ure an 1ni:!< p"Jah :!tltllko£ia i!:!:nd r~taxlng on tn'l;l pull atro!H!:s

FregU~iii!W !i3)t8ft1'!hilB ,ilen diS3W& lor si1.;:IJ:j}J~es!:i eM ,11,;111 sawe. -Lhe l-eeifi !iltH)!,!! wwr ,;lr'Idi are v Sit!!)' ml,!lllaed (ton). Sharp ~WB hF.l'i.!'E! pojn'ed te!?"m Wl1n cleer, smootll edges- Du!J ,~WS shouted be sharpened by a .prof€s9iCl'IBr, Ghock ttl€ !Ie-How page-s urtd:er 'S~I.'J~ Sh;aI'lPI;!r1ing ,

Mat rial chroniory praw rn auiorsklrn

l!C~p lliili'lid:IH\iW ellllS ,!itjJlMiftl1.eJ U'ie I~Cti aM, Sidas f:if a Wfiikpia~;g_ iMa,ke, th~ ,kib aasiefl by itruiMIi'1i~ a 8qlJ.ja,fii'1l~ gu}dl) rroFJ'u:cr-a~ MrlfMiOOd Of lor 'p1~. U££! a OOt'f.ItliFila,11on ~lJare ~t.i mak'fl' $I;,!ir~ l;;I~trI ~i~~ is ~~uaii'~' tiac-, r"OrEI a~rnblil'lg 'lhE .gull]!;', Join ihe. p;;-eQes wiifl (;.;IFp'E!n!:er':El911.1'E!' afi9 ur w.i;lll~r~ 5.cre:ws; cnOOk. tn.a 'MI'IaJI as-I5'emb!y a-gain '~IJ [flake 5:1J.reo it is. i;ilijUar,e,

Ho'Jfll Ure s.aw at ill! 4JS· angt13 to t~ work~el1 lor mast CLltI..TI!l;j jees n~IS an~i11!1 ptOOUUE!S til raul,,! sfrIIlOlh eui

'IH~I!:I 'lhe ,saw at a 9ft' angl!fll '0 'irle 'I'ffif"'plooe In maM 'ast cuts Thla 1/I:Il':;l\rllq Ul!i lea ... ~-a rouqtl'E!dged cui

Hi;ld' 'Ihe 'HW at !II :;2CJ! angle 'l'a 'Nle wakpiec.0 l{] rneke WJry smornh cuts. [jawll'lgat Ihls all', ~1!!!J &qUI ,i)'S" ~:.;I:'l'"a CiLJL1 ng ~1mt1

Matsnaf chroniony prawem au r§klt'n

'~I~mJli 1Ji!-El '",I)I:;I~el'!! JIli~r :box ttig,'hll:lt '10 y~tJr WQrf(,oe::rll;;:h bef'C'",e- CUliing stock U~e- ~ soscer ir necesSIllY 10 Ilelp brace the mslerial 51J II doesn t shiN' duril"'lg clJtting.

Use a :8My-ej).,'Iype mIter 'Q;Q,x 10 rn;;.ke r:;U15 up 10 ,~§a

1 ellh!i::!r du ec!lon. S'IoiivEd lt1E!! blada iI~rnbly 114 tru;. a:t;a::;~, any~, ~'I)U need '10 !:: LH. Lni ns Itt-e m.ler :';CF.l~ Res a gUide. an't! ym 1 le blside hpp' 1[] hold tll::E! blade In plac@ (l:lIfll'ig Cl.Jljffl!~l Malt.!J oor.:1 [fI~ f1~i:l:i£lr aJ L~ jlu~h Will'I 1M ranoe Mfor.e y01J oot;Jln tUli.II~1.

46

l1hfl1lik Icd '~ be~, @, the m:1~e'.!' b(!ll( as 1M Of' ling and 'it1e tence as 'the ~vall wl"'>en pCOC5ltiooing co'o'e moldings. Tbls ~"III reminD you ttl place til€: maicllflg irl 'Ihl} mrt'l3f fIXt>; u pslde dDwn and Spiui'"I~ a.t a .1.:50 afigloB.

lPoSlJIiJI~f!1 covt'!, moldtf'k1Js i!Lg:lli1"IS! 1M ferrCe JLJ&t as you WClLIld 00 a Wl[jod rnusr 00;(. upsid..e dtoo.·n ':'00 :s.prung -at a, 0!1:5" anglil ThO" t)aC",.saw ills Into a igid a:!lsbl1iltJIY Utfll 'slides' up aoo dawn so YOlJi CaJI Insa- I aoo r91- rroee m81ten..'li:s. as nec:esBar,. To s!-"p-po.rl 'i'tld~ !>tccio; and ~o ~roIDCIIOO, IT'lliter 00:': basa, 'n10IJ.""lt a plses 01' hardboard .::IF pdrlrel~boafa Ciil '1M base

Ma~erl::Jf chroruony prawern aulorsklm

1 CQpe:dl ptr;ts 'MJIi11Jl neM inei.d'e camera '!,!,!ffrer:J inml~ir\g basebosms or e<eiling 'trilin. 'Inst.ai1 ~ti~ JiDi5it eorner ~8ce with squar~01JE l~d8. ~vel,oU!l 'the' S€COI'iId .pi~~ at ;§ 4i~ ,.;;Jngle.1li'I1Nl 'lXip€ ~rang 1t1e ~;(PO&ad !fI1r.a.lnlo 1brrn an eagfi' that wliU o1J,e;rlap '!till ~ltgt p:l~jf;~.

'''iIfJ. .. iii ... , lA, ·w· .,..... i, '1:;':1., '.' "i' "".. A

,I! IPS IIUr .... djjl~[!"Ig uut~. ;:)(111 eel, ~Q!Ou5:

I!JJM ,3 Ik~nol~, ,saw ~m!' 1M eut plywood ,amd rnJrJiH :sMe0't goods 'f'CIi!' ~o~l.\a.Ci~. ~lXliJr~! an..ill ot~i" smiIil1 op9nings. Malk '!tie (iYl1in!Ji fineS wilh a pencil! '~hel1i drill-pi[o~ !hales ,aM, ~ne Corne-ta, ,and 'i~n1 the 8a.~ '1l!I cut ~raF1i9 '!he cl,iIl1ing' Ijne!;l~

2~1 Te~'-fli tM' pieces: to ~ke $!Ji'EI [he (opelj jpie.ce .. ' ~i~e snug!'y egttin~' the profile (Ii "he fir8~ iPie-c.e. II lflet€!S!!H9I!'l. ma~' 8!l'1GII adjL.!5bf!len~El' IJ)!' U':liiflll ~rntll~ paper 10. ~th i'ireg!JlaJ cuts.

Use'i:!il wallho:!lrd ,saw ~Ol !ili:Ul :s'PTlall,QPooillllgs in waii:OOard, Mark eUHIFilj;a Ilif}l3S. than ~slfrl 'Iti@ poLrWof I he' s~w 1tli:'QI.JOIl ~, wilbioaJfd afld' Sa'IN ,~~ t,h~ CUlling lin~. -

M aterial chronlory prawsm au r ~'klnl

Jig In,s

Th€ iig saw is a very good pnrtabl€. power a:ool JiJf c!J.JL1Jl1"19 CUI""I€S_ The c.um@illg, c~pt.~city of a Dg s~w d~,pl;ln1JS 'Of! its !pO'iI;ii!3f' and '~he length of l~s bladi3 sm,oke. Choose a :saw r,ated to CIJ~ 2"-ltJick '9.oft\vood and %-, thio1<. harchrtooa stock. Many Jig S:tl\N:S have. a pifli'u4ing b:a\se:pnBte thai can be laced 5'0 yOu can ,make beve~ cuts as wei.

A v.emieole.-.speetfl jrg :saw is, lite bec9a cooic.e, oecau!i'9 dlilf:el"€!nit Wa.de s~les r:equir€. dii1re:r€!rni cuttillg SP~u;lds for be,st r~sulls, 11'11 gJ~n9If,al. taster Iblad-e speeds lare, used fOil" c tting 'Nith coa~sa-looth blades and slowau $pea~~ wilh fine~~,oo1h blades,

Jr.g se~s vibrate mOiie 'thM other power ,saws because' of the up-and-dO'M'll blade action. Haw8'i.8F, top"'quality jigl saws have .Eli hea"ly-gauge steel ba:sepla;te ,thaJI: educe'S '{;ibra~ tioo, to he p. you 1C1~ Ihs.' sew 'tigh~~y ag:ains.t thE! Id!tIfk$l'eCe for better ronDrol,

8€:caUiS~ jig saw bli3d~s ,cui an the up:w.ar,d s~roI<J~! 'nile ~op side Q'fDh€l' w.o:J1;(pil¥lce may ~Prlinter •. fI' the woOO nas a. gCl(lod s.id€! to p-'l'o~a(t cut rMtll th~s surf,ac~ 'hlcing dO'NrIr"N.a:rO-

,J Ig I~W' liila;d!ls ICOiilQ in an arr,a~1' 1311 d'9$lgn:; tor C1Jmr.g t1itr-e.roan'l Mi!lrEki'IBiIIil_ Cl'Ioa~ the rLg ! bla(de tor 1 M I,CII:I WI t h Ilrle'-'1.OO IfI b I a d EM> illial ha 'riel '14 0 ~ mor i~eln pe iru::i1. set 1he saw ,Bit a !low :speed. Coa;se otade.s r~uir8 faster Ma,d~9 SP.OOdS,

Ma erial chronlorw prawe-m a.U orskirn

Do l1IiDiti t1!iree bladel. Jig S~ blades are ~!7.;iol1bie and Ifl1!!r~ brn~ If l'orOQifll, M'o'l'P1! 1f1@ ~w siowi!y !i.klS;Fl CiU:~ Ung I~avel$ Or' '~gh mater'tal I 'Ja krrH)1S in "\'OOd-

l!I~ gr ng~iIiQW 1b'!~ge'I(11 miii'!i(l!! l$iCroJl Or CUlVedi cUtts, ~ 'iSle ~!,;!Vi' w«Jy to- a.V'tIld ooPldi!'1l~ 'Uie 1b'!aDe'. $i)~ ji~ M:W$ Ifila"fe ,e; ~roliHigi li;r.'!~ lllao1 ~,lIow!;ll yw to il[;!f1i'1 'it!e ibla-de- wji.fJal1-1 t1J1!iin911he !!law,

M'ake: plunge rCtl;UI: by' Upping n~-e 'saw 00 [hie 'F'ronl. edgg, of ~hi}. oosa;piat~ is h~idlllrrnly a§!am!li~: work· pi9~'_ Stall n~ saw. ~ncd s'!owl~ h::m,i~l I~ 10 :a ncailoFltal OO$i~i'on! ~~tii\g U'iie ~~e .g~du.all¥ Cl.lIt Ui1JrOLf;g;'Ji

th-e workpLeoo'. -

Matsnaf chroniony prawem au o~klt'n

Circularl Saws

,A, 1J00liiitlb e cLrcvJaii saw has be,conw the mQst fJrequ~flitly IJsed CUlling tool for do.-il~YOlJ.rself,er,e.. Wlltl tie rl@hl sal. of bJladas, you ·cart use a cI,·cutar :saw to cut woad. metal, !plaster, concrele, <Dr Q~hllH' masanty materials, An aojustable b'as-€!plate fats VOl! set tlia blade depth ter your wOMkpiooe. and also pivots

frOffil 5.lld'e to, side, for be.ve~ CU~S,

Most ptofea.aio.nal CQjfpenle~s Lise aJ7r.· -blade circular SElW, F,or horne carpen~ry, 1~· -bJJade and 6W"-biade models ere the most PGPu~ar. A smaller blade mssns a sma lI.e f', lighter ·saw My, but bear iii mi 'd 1-' -~:a smalle 5.BiW is usually less, po~verful, iBJld ilS rimfted \lffi._el1 cutting be~ culs or material 1JIl~ 'is; th'ickl!Zr 1h_an 2x slack.

Cordfess CbFCU lar UWS hl;;JjlJ6 S~·-'iVid'e blada:$-=INida eoough to cut thFQilP{:!h -sn@B't goods. or to rna e square cuts on 2M Il.!Im~ ber. Onrdle.ss !TIoda~ ~re U~ll'!lI;ll In sitoatiOfi9., '.i;!tl;er~ 8i ~r cord ge~£ In the way. However. most Cor'd~eS:9 circ>ulm saws aren't PJJwIilrr1lJ1 enough to be th€: primruy cutting 1001 fa big p'fO~ts.

8acal,lsel ci~'CIJI¥ :sa.W b~ade-s cum irn an UpWarfei diilr€.'lc.tioll. ~h!'a: top 'face of 'the· 'I'ifOfkpiece; [Ili'laty .splln ~ e'. To protect t e rt ished ,ekje. or ~Jne wf1(p.leoo, mark [measurements on iIfie beck g-de and place the' g,ooc:I side. ,dO'!Nn 'for .cul~iing_

G€:I' Ih~' moot out O'f yool!' .sa.w by ins;p€lCling your bla.d~ retguraorll' and changill9 it;a;:& rl!!!€ldsdi (pag!eS 52 to 5:3.). Y'Q(] can ~1SQ im~rove your' ,resul~s. ~Iih a 's.n-aigl'TltOOge gIJide {page .5 7), vmich rrla~ it oolliler 'k) .cut long S ook prooisely.

chronic IV praw m auto kim

•

!

DECKO

Seleaili1lg 8, MaJinta]nrng CillrClLllar Sa.w· iEI~~deEi,

1], gEt' full UH out of yoo:r ;;;lrculair :saw. you'll need! an aSiiiru1.~nt 01; b ' des., Yow c~lectioo shouldl Irt!C~ude 9.llea,it (me' ~r· bide-tippee combination bl_ada mid a: ]Ja.J1~11b13ldft tor 'CUlling pIYJNOOd- BIJY additional bla{j~ b~St9dl on Ine type' ~'f cum 9 you ptan to do~

itA paneJ blade. has smaf tee.th designee 10 cur ~.tuough p.ly~ wlXlod ~nd otha~ 'Vel1aar pa.Flels 'wi1lhoul' chi~ping Itl~,

,,~ h03lo-w-groui'lId p1an9f blade has e. tape "·s suface Ihat reduces tric ion For iMJ'iIDiJ tJQI" cuts in fine 'INOOd'INo ing .

.. A .carbide-tipped oornbinati~ bla~e e.:a g,&'OO1'8J1 pUrpose t).laae' designed raJ fa;s[, seml~IJii wood\cUlt~ing' in any dii-· reetion

'!Ii/!i, masomy b.latdE;! is: uoSad 10 score er OLft nna$'onry.

tlA, metal~cullirilgl h lade ts used to cut throlJg m€ a] pip8s, studs shifll!lj' rrHrlal and] fasten-

• . "_ - I ~_

ers, 16.o,h ma90fHY and metal ,culling blades wear dbWrn quiCkl1!j '~th hea'ifl/ use.

V:'OLI can keep a. Saw blade in good 'collld~iion [by using it only 'fo~ the mat,effl~ 'that it's de- 3igl'lled to, c t" de'3Jning it If it becomes di' tV. Md avoldii1gl 'CUltil'flg ·tnl"{;IIJ1gh nejis ,and .ome ' 'f'asteners., Nailffi· and SCfEiUiIj . .oW"! break ,EiI bi~.de'l eeuse saw -kial<ba;ck., or project mEl!EJ kag merits. C ean a blade with 'ker,ooElne and :51,001 woa4. thm

,0 ry ltJe b3ad0 and c:oaIt it ~igh1l1y with rnachlne oil as a pm!!Elcitant ~gatnsl rust.

A d~)!1 b~de puts IIJi'KfIJ9 strain ,onsaYls: motor, IReplace blades ~hBl are du~l, or "av-e them ,sfuarpetled!!by iii prof:es-.· SIlOlllaJl. Ne'\i'"er use 8 blade wiltl clf,ac.kedi or ch~p;ped ;:eeth_

chronion prawern autorskim

The btad;;t Qil'I <;I, Ciircvjar ~,W d~~ i"!Cit move \vh;.an ifQl,I $e~ 'jj;i3 IbIEl.{!~ d~p~!1I, 1~1:e~d, gn ~ c,;rou :at saw~, tfle saw ~ii_se\P!M-e pivot5l up ar:i~ QO'Nf.l, ~l'ria_ll'!girtrg "[!he' amQiu!lt Of b~EI,d';E!' that is -e';:':p:Jaec. Ur;P!u!lj1 ihe!

- - _ ~-n - -- II - ,n.. J.-I - j.I.o" flAi 'm - • II - r Ii.rli

saw, I! e'l1 pu _ OU~ '" ,e ""e:';P-!.!! ~lJ.5.u _efI~ ew_ ~_ '!.!I

~!ide' it ~[l! or dtI'Ml to it'Djl..tst ~he b~Qe d-~ti1.

Unp11,1g !he' ~aw 3ndl tnsp.ee:t ~fu@ 1J4ad-€!,. 'IN~11lg glO\.l{Js, to prn~!3CI: yiJIU~ hands, R~Jac~ ~.htl bl'i,tC!iQ it y.uiJ findl 'h"!Of.ft. cf.ackBfd. er dhrpped n@e1h. IReFM'o'B, ~he blade fa' ~enrng rf: r;l~igky resin ~r pltch nae, ~~IJfr!IJ!ai:ed' ..

... . - - --- --- --------------

2 ''Fo leesen the blade" fIf,st, depr-(Jss ttl!) l§lmor lock b!.illM (If lil'iIGr t-o lock thJ:i.l bloo£l In pos.ltloo. '!.heft .i1Xl$l;!Il 'Ilh~ bOl' '!.-"1~1 ;;Ii W;j',e:nctJ .emd ~id!3~I'iIe' bOtit :;1I1i@ ~asher" 14U~ m 'itJe ii:I~~~bl!t" ~: Cit:! Ofd.er Irnooe!s Wtlh no arbor !ook" jn5e!1 a wood block betweeo '~he b'lade and b.a!Sep')8fI:e to ~ep 'Ifle br':Hde -r-rOOillwnmg as VO!JII~1l! HJ.iB bdL

3 11i"r!~~JI ~ OOii'l. bladi!!!, Of; .r l!le· old biad0 Is ,Mtloo now' in if!Ioor'!.~~ ,gOOd, ,COii"Idilioi1, clQ.QIil,arJd F-ei~l.'!aiJ r~, Lisa '1,tI~ dir~c<'tblla.I 'markIflg:!i, 011 UlEI' ~id';' of the blaOie as !;! gmde 'Irilefll atk:!I;;,,'hrng' :.\Ii b!ade.l~rt 'It~, boll arid wa~h€r., then iigNen the bon with ,:31 ~rel1:Ch ,1K1~illlns' bolt is snug.iOo not evertighten,

M aterl al c h ron i any pra w em au o,~~ik I til

1 S~L1rn ilia 'l,vOtlq::IIOCfi 'IfflItJ f:.iI@fflp'S and POSH10fl Uta ba.'!:.ap!a'Ei 'I.'iJlth. ~hE! wade ~pprO;.;:lrMrE!f!J 1· ~mm 1he ed!;!E! Align '11'18 gJ.JlOE! mark wllh tile Gutting li~. NO'IIf:; lir.e [SaW '~!! FeIl'JO"'e a !irn~1I erncunt cl l'iIlB.lel!al on each side ~ [he blaole- If your pnojel:l re(j,1Ji;·~ e.xoc1 CtJj8 make yo~ r flre~ eur in I~ ~,;!I;:te-aree, You C~1l ITIB~e a 6eG-ood pass with 'r.e 58ii",! fl8· necessarv to relT\!:J'I!3 more matenel

How to Ma.Ire. PI ul'iige Cuts

,- BlJPD«1 ~he worl(pll5lC~ by clsmp:'.flg II 00Wll ('11 sawhorsoo. cuarnp a 2' ~ -4 on !.he edge as a gUI(di} Retract 1Me brede 'l}J~rd .:;i'ld posiiJlJl"l1he 'S~1 &!} the frQl"ll edge or lI''ie:foot fl{N me made, :sag8iI['J$l the ~!i\pi~e,

34

~2" . \I'Ilhl I) hof.r!ilflg ;I!'!e saw !,!'1111"1 [IV" hands, squoozo

.' r- lft~ 1tlg!d~r a:Jld g[Jld~ LfI~ 'Blal1a- Into 1M '1lOrkj::llece ttJ.EliiW1i'lg ml:l culling hna ",Iri L Ihe guide mark .;'_Ild' aplJly no;] :;ileado/ ptE'S;~1m3 EtS VOI,J puah the sa ..... rDfWard The g:uiOE! m.arf'l; on 13~'E'ry sa .. \, I~ dltr~IBlnt II ~DI,I ",tall be cIJ111ll9 ITil3tE!'fii::lll ...... hh ~maal'1!!il it.'hiia-'Ij; !:>aW, rnt:i[o;e a FF,! ..... p!a(:il(:~' cu1~ tr:. lami IFlfi::oe YQ!.H!5el~ Wllh tMe new S;:(1,!,0

2 Hok! 1he !3!3iJo,! with r"",o hands .as l-fOU l"J";:;i~e 1t'1!3 ctlt ~ Stan tt'l€ $;:!.W 3J"Id S!O'W!v lower tne btaoe iruo me YIOrklDiece, ke'ep!11g lhe oosepl6ite f't:!]S In:;]'l tile 2 )( .4

Mat rial chronlory prawem autorsklrn

.~dl8Cfil 8i ·cgmm~~~8i11 iSil_filr,gllib;!~g~ 'gl)liille ~D 1hE' Ib~~h:I~e o!1jQIl;!r' cirt:ul~r .se.w. Fot gr~li;'r ~t.abWl¥" aHacp.! ~ !1!~r.;!ignt :e' .~tri~ of h~rd'NQ~ lQ tihe IMi;ie ~ tile 9u"de. I..I5!irog II:\ta.lilttead sc..r'e'i'i'5i. f,~ even I'riO!'e re!iable e~qea! build YOIJ.I 0'Nf1 Straightedge guide (page 5-7) ..

!Cla:i"m;p !II! .51r<III'g'l1dedge ito yoor 'IHOi'f.:.pj.ooe lor'StJaiight, 'Iong, cuts, I:(;IHiP the: b~~:e 1ig'hl ag,:!ifi1fi~ ,I.ti~ :stJ81ighredg!8 and, rKWe the saw s!"l)OO'~h~ IhrolJgh t!he m~t~ri8.1.

~y,~ ~~f"Iil.~ 1J1a~ ijlra lJniO'ltlat 1li'1at1 ths .f'r'i.;ii(ii'Ii\UFiiiI d\!:Ip~i'iI ,of )'0'1,11' ~iK:l.:,illi;lir .~aw !by ·~~tinQ Un~ b1aee· .depth to EilrgJi.i;i ~1':'iI ffi~f1 l'iijiil ~n.e, '~i~F Ulii~e5~ ,f;Iliiel i;:t;Ikil1i(l lI'fIe!tt!1ii!\g culi5. ih;IITI I;[pp~ite ·eiQ1e~:., f~ke care 10 !I;~p Ute ,1;"t!tiZ: !i:iJfa10h.l~

DriWI.1Ii wt!Od shim il110 the· kerf a'fter )'-OIJi have SMifl'€fd til€: CtI~tl~ ~piec~ toll koop ~OIJi' ~w drmn binding. for longer CU~£~ ,soop ~he S;3M! aJld position the slYm a1J.Dut " 2" ibet1indilM base-pla1:€!.

M aterl al c h ron i any pra w em au oP§'k I m

'1'll~t, 'ne DB-.rElI adjl.i~lm~t

knob atld slide mt\8 knoo ~o 'the required i5atiJ,nq. NO~ SI).'Tle~~I!ll h~ ... e (:I ~ets.t;rEw ~~f CQITIl'I[}fI a.ng!:€:5 8Ul:tl !iJ.S 90' {ro beiJ~' and fl5~ T'gnten lhe !91ob,

2 IPooi IIqr'l I~e 1;l'~:;;eplai.(J oi yout , 'S:.!iW on w..e WOrkl1--eee. As ylIU cu! ~ghi dawn 118 !blat!£! to ensure i I'lIrn,J;liri:.;: F,lJign:eo '/iiJl,n i he 1;"U~tll"1'!) Jjll'f,!. 011 ttle -w-~te 'sid!!;! Q'I: the workpiece

1~ To Gut dadoes ..... Ith a clIc-tllar S8IW 5el the blade ~.e-p,1h to ~ 1:1'1~ 4j€!~red devth 01 the owe. and I'fI:ar~ ,J e otJj~l6e edges where ViA! want tl'I.e daco, Secure jne WOTJ<;PieOO W'Ln a clamp SInd cut ~~e outSi!ti~ line'S u::::il1g ~ t5:1r.,8~hl~d~i:ll. MF.lKe !,';~r,f.ll p.'Ir~!IEI P.;1l$Se$ ~rwei;!5l the DI.Iteld~ nura, e v er), "

Ttl'; Copy ~~Lmg ii;I~lE(s ..... ith. a

T -De'.·eL Transpose Hte r:,uI~ll"'Ig line ~o your workp ece ,f3l1JoI ,f.IdjU::;i the .angle or yoor C irCl.d.ar seW ~o cut on ~r.e ]I ne

2 Clean IltII the TJl8"tellal be moo 1'1 the cut:. with e wOO>!:! crn8ef T-0 aVD".id gwgl!l!L] ~h.e ""'orkp;:€O~ ep~ tianQ ples:scJm i]J tap [he CllI$E!I wrl" the bl7'¥'€l aIDe up wi~h a mallet. Fo-r more intorrnaliol'lo 011 cruse 9- BeE!! P'"!ge B§

Mat rial chronlory prawem autorsklrn

,_, ,atr.e'Ig'hledge gli.l!d!:i OVef>C:01lOO'S the dmfioolty ,of making :SqUBl.e rtp eMs and O'Iftf:if square cuts !!J!1l iOFl~ ~pl~s. Th!}. guide Is, bulli: 'SCj~. oo8L1rll'1l~ tha.~ .any cuts ma;ng. lfilitfi iI, will b9 Sqtl<lf'!3i as w@ill.

,Building 81,Straiigbledge Buldel

Makilflg E;tr.aighl~, ,8rlO ac:curat,e ~ip cuLs ,ar' cutt.iIflQ long ~h~~ts, '01 ~~ GJ' p~ul~ling ii~ a 'chall· 19'J1Qe" .E\I~n h· 005~: caF\Pl!ffilmr C;;f!n'il ~Iways l(e;ep the bl!5lJJe' en tl19 cutli'1l9. l3special~y ove;r a longer' span. A :s~J',eJglt'lt'edge' guide or jigi ~oJ~,B ~he' problemn, As long as yo!..! keep 'the, ~~ baseplate Hush wilfl1ne edgi9 allfle dealt as you milil~~' line cut, V'Du're assure-d 01 ~ SIH!!t-ght cui: 00 your 'lNQrkpi€C8"

TIFh9 gulda~ claa~'9d edge provides ai, r~ljablQ 9Jf![:-OOF f'Or 'hlle baseplate ,erf the eireYla~ saw ,as lliie Ibled;e passes thrcrugh the iFtn'c;tefliaJ. j=,o~ aeeur,ate cutting. die cleat IfriU5t 'n~,\!\e ,a, pe~~e,ctly straiGfht €idg'l1!.

E\i\EHY~hin.9: YOUI N:eed:

Tools: C.clarnps. penell. circular sew Materials ~. jmisih plWro9d base (10 96"), ',I{" pl'l,iW!Jod cle:1t' (2. ;;;; 961. ca~plEnter"s glue

1 Apply C;arperiDer's ,glue ~o ~he . !JciqO'm of Ulf!' ,;!o:!,' :plywood cteffi! ~MIl'i poo.itiim tn~ ckiat on ~tJ@ W ~oodl oos~" 2,' f'i'OO'l 009 edgB. 01mJf1p 'ttl€: .plocl9s togetnilF un111 ~h~ gkia dries.

i·2 .... PosNian ~he oimullilf S\H,'N w~ta,.

I·· /. its i!X!l: tight a.gains-t the *. !p'ly'·' wood c:;1~ai_ C!.it ~'if~ lltJ@ !2:(efiS~' portion of 100' ~IVWOOd ~asGl' M1FI a slngh~llP:ass of 11'1191 S3\1,f to mooA@;a, sql.iaJiJe' MQ9.

3·, li·· .. - ~'~.. . j.rllr.- ~'~j, II' """"" ... : 0 U~~ me g1! !;J.":' POS!l.~ .. """" I

.... top '01' '~ne 1NOrkpreoe, 80 the !duicle's sq!JID',rn, ~g@ is m"lSn wi~h !J'KI' ,f:.tIHing ~ioo, !lfl tl'lfl workp.~oi1.. Clamp 'ItI!1 !i;illld'.e IIliI IPlac!l!! '>vllh C· clamps,

M aterial chronlory prawsm au D~~klnl

,For any 9~ ieus do-ll-ym.rsali carpenter, a table saw J8 One Of 'I e mos~ uso' U o· a 1100ls Table saws rna,s F'fwtlE!r rip. c ass, a d bevel cuts, They can aise prO(JUce dadoes. dovma~ls, rabbets. and tenon loinlS tal' countless carpentry projects

5e ... ~rat hand-mads accesaones can imp ove your .results and fIIIinlmiz~ ~h<E1' lis, ot 1nlur)' when using a 1abla rsBW Pushstic sandi S11addli2stfcks. (page 60) mal'<B it easier to ;:Iusl'! sicck fhrougn

[h b dii:s p~~ while keep-Ing your Itflnds st Ell safe distance. Fi gerboruds (page 61] he'D keep your gtock flat ~d srraigh1 du -ng Gut rng

I you wa . t to add a lab e saw to your workshop bUD don I ha~ thg fI"IOn€lY or enoogh space fur a I"" 11-$1 e model. consldar buving a portab B table

saw, All.hOI"Jgli .hey a 6 smeller, thasa saws. hav-e most of the ca~birl'le-9 of a fwll-.sizG table saw

Dr general C.i3.rlpell1ry work, use a eombi nat 01"'1 blade I~ yo i p.lan to do a 10 of F pp-ng Dr CfOOS OUtl ng an wanl 1he most accu rale CUIB posslble, swl1{: 11 to a ItIIHde th;aL's designed e~clus~'"rely fDF thal purpcse.

Mm E Using is! table saw requires extra cauucn b-Bc~IJSEl a the exposen pOSltlor 01 he b-Iade R~ ember tha yOUJ hands and iF'tgers are vu 1- ne stile, veil wi h a sa f@ty guard in P ace Read the OWl ers rnan al 'for specific mstructlons on hcroN 'Lo operate your se'.11 and always w.car eve a.nd ear protscuon whea Lls1ng a 'ao '8 sa\"l

Ma erial chroruony prav ern autorskirn

I!l.~r" wnM: me ~m~ !!!i"d~ ,~~~~telS Qf .e. ~!i!ble' eaw' do beiore operartlill'QI O!l!!!'. Thi~ ~!ii.able mtlf.e· .~aw ioo!ude5:: blade Qoord; riifyfer:!tle', for aJ"gll! n{!l ihe o!JUil9g line on ~Jhe ''6!lJ~pj~e with .he l:.!lade; biad'f! ,tl~igN arljt!~:er an a beyeJ .fI§.Igle S:Q'a!e~ onlofif switoGh; be¥el.adjlJiSter~ B11d mi~r gauge, lor selUrigl rniber an'gles.

CliiJi[!iililk 'I:he, '!IlEIfI1lc~il.,~llliUjl~f'tt 1l:J~ aJ !abl~ ~.W b:1~ by aldJ~s~n91 ~he 'b~i to a" !Ind' ~dil1g ii, ~!y .!;;ql.l!i!te 61~ii!iin.$t it "Tl1e I!;;;laQe' andl squmre m!Jsl be ,ID.J!!ln, II' nat', :ad~ jl!!S't ~lr.ie ~e ,acocH~Ifi1g to tha ln.sHJH)liolls mn H~ 'OWll8jr'S m8!nuat

~k 'lh~' loo~~11 bh!.'19U~m~

mlBnl 'i"o, .- _.",,3,..- tirV!! 11h- dj""''''-i. __ .-. _ -- 'J'i ! ............ !.! '"l;:I! I;!i _ ,<,!!!:lr!l1.'g

between ·tt1e Ib:lade' Bmdllm riP renee ifLt oo~h e!lds 9l'bhe !blade-~

Iii 'the iblam' is, M11 parallel 'tOI the rellC€_ [t may ca~ 'blooJllg jJf kJck-· oock. Adflils~ ·1tJG! ~ 1lCQo:rdilllg to U'iIfI' m\lner':s manual.

t'iSB ;aJ rcll§ staffid '1.'0 Iii:i!d 1OIi19' piiWB_'Sl O~' 'ti:tI:;;)C.k aq 'Irla prOpe-;r l,e.igM Wr!l;~n, GlLJ~liFflg 'lihSiill ,Oli !;!! '~ble sall¥. A If-oller' ·~t~!lnd allow;;:

YQIJ to :iSlid'e' 'l9ie m~1:eria~ ir]tlJi ql1~ cuwlig tirade ~i~!'itJl;i!t l~Utin.g ilia workpiece 'fan ~o ·tile ~1'oOf'"

Set '!.tI:eI,tdadel ~o rt exbatlds, t10 mOitIe IMn !d" ,a_~"'e ~!le; :suril~ce O:f 1ne 'fi'!lJ~pie{;e, 'Fhi:il i!T!mi!Tiiote5i suafn C11 the mot9r. and Ipr'O!]!l'Des bElAie'f cuttingl results,

M aterial chronlory prawsm au o~jklnl

1 UnpiuQ bhe 'l~bIEi ~ fleu rlove lha L~IBd~ g!JelirO ~i1d! Ih.~ !able lnsert, lhetl WEn the bl.ad~ 11EIghi a'CijuSimenL kOOfi clockwiSe. id raise illa bla'cfe !o Its rnaxrrnurrt t"Jetgh1

2- I WSr:rJ 1r'Jg gIOVEl!i, h~ld ~~Ki

I ~~alfl ~I:.ElIIOMty With eo plOC~ O'l srrap W1:l(ID l...LiD~n at'JoI remt!V8" .hB E:i.rbar nut by IiJr'l'ling it LiloGkwl!Sa_ [A.n arl::iLlf ~'ll'el"it:ll is 5upphed ....nIh mos: Eii;rl.'!S}.

llIse a ~l.I!sn5t"i. Lo guide your INC!r~pjece ..... ithout p~cilloQ y.Dl..Ir fing~s near ttl0 .blaiki Tne ,DtIs.hstlc;.Fl: 81"rOWJ1 has M1CI'it1!:i 1:0 accommod"al:e di1~e:refll tnlckna:sses· 01 111000.

'3-'--) Ci:U':E!Jwily rsr~jvE!l 1;18 (lid b!ada, '-' 21l':id IfI.:~.I:a1l II~ f'I~W ~Ii!lde se tha ilE!alh J:;1Jnte tOVilBJCi lhe IrOll"!f ~ II La :1iI:lW, Don't O'IfBrllyh~BtI ttJ:,e a:,bor nut, H~plaoa tha tah'e InEe'Il and ttta blade '9l,Jardi.

Use a 51J,RtltI~'.SH~1!t ~Df added s8fe~ wrrE:n CUriJ11:g ~tloQrds. A s1f.adClI~licl!1 IS a IDtlshstn::Jf;: 1na1 rits OV~j'" ,hl3 lop cl L'he rip jet1t;9. S!raddlestlC'ks ~r'ld p~~1J(lks ean 15~ ~d~ wUIl ~ piJ.'!:!tf! Col j:lLYJt,'Md. 01' pufe;t~ad~; WOOdWf:(klrl9 £,lmeJ~ GI' tU.lIi1E;i -Cen1i3r~

Ma~erl::Jf chroruony prawern aulorskim

1 ,~~~~r~~~~~!~~~ :~k:~!d~is~~~~~,

pi~C->e ,~r :~ilfl.3iSti~ 1 x ill '[f!~t i.E lli'ee !!In Ik)nots al'ifd (:r~C'ke: mark a Sb:Jp lille :9,' 'flOfill tfne iI1l!:'llj Q'!: 'the ,bMrd. ~ a series dj parallel lines !&' eJpart ~rom H~e end of.1t!e board '00 the ,Sl\Bp IiFl9_

:3 ~~ ~~:~oo~~,~~:,'I:~~:r~~~:~~~~:fc~t:

~ing lIines. Let ~J1.e bl!~ide 'Corne 1.'00 ,8: OOIiIlplet-e; stop iDe .. ~o:r,e r!emD\l\in~ it.

2~ , wil\ti: ~n8i end e.! 1tJ~ ooaftJ. ~t .;ii, 2tI~ ai'I~I'.a:.and

, ciam~ U"E! wofkp~a~ liffii'liy 1i.IFII'I 'li'Ie {lnd liif'll'!!J ov-~r-

h.aru~i,~ '~e ~1( ~rift;ioe- Cut orr ~I\ie Qfir;:!l or ~t!J8i bOOJl"ld uSlflg :!i!i ,11i! ~aw.

TilP: To !J'.Sie' BI nngerboaJ·d. sel the wo:rkp!elJ€: 4'" fn '[loot o~ 1ti~ saw b'ad~. Clamp, the 'f1~riOOard !S ighL1y ~r th~ OO{li€:S 'O'f iOO, worlo:~ so '&lIlli:t. ,aw1lF" ,Ugh~' ' IPrDSSUillft. 10li'oiJifl§! ths workpi\0cil again54: the rip r~~~ ;aRid 'th@ table, Too "~lf:lg€!i's~ S'no!1ld 'rkix s!J.gnlW as 'ttle WOfkpli£:~ '8'aV{lls iD~rdl.

M aterial chrornory prawsm au D~"klnl

62

P '.1 Sa'

- - -- 1- ',-

_ 0 __ Ir __ _lr:_II,,' '.·11

Power miter saws are ,,",!Efs:at~~. portable tools 'rhl!l!t anE: U;S!!1:d to CU 8fig es in trim. 'mmililQI lumber, and oOther narrrow stock.

The brace ass€rnibly of .BI POW€.f miter saw 5wh,;l@!:s up 1.0 4,51l- in e.iiher direetion, allowing i~ nil make slJaigbt. mitered', and bi9~aI8d1 'c.u~s. Ho~ei!ler. when the assembly is turned to a 45'angle, thB cutting depth is con:sid era!bty shml'€nedi.

I'f you ;;tre conside,ing !buying

or r~nting a POW€if mjt@r ~w 'fQr a S!pC!lciic pICr ·c:t. such a'S

b iltfllQI a d~ck, don't assume 1Jh.-.m- !B'I.!'G:lry sa.w wm ha,l.!\~ une ca'P@cily tocut wider beards ~ •. 0;1. 45'[]o ang la, Aslli: 'the' sates. lP!9fSQn abil:!iut the ma:t:ilff!ll.wn CUUifllQ carpacily tor eae !law lilt e 4Sl!! angie end mak_e' sure '~he' saw you choose can 1JTit8ke clean cuts 'tihrot[.gh the stock you use most ftreqlJen'tly,

A compound miter saw I(appp :si~E page, top) has a second .pDvO~ poin~ on tbe blatOO ~.~ QLY that malws II' possible to :cu~· a Ib a\lEi I Slf'!d mlla~ ang e .at the sams lime, T i~ OJl)~iOO i~ usef I Wtl~l c uttingl ~e moltjrfigS, See page 00 'f'O m~ i!lro~ma- 1lion aoolJl: 00 mpwnd rniL~r euis,

The btg~esl Imita1.lOflI of a

pO!/Ver miler :gew. is o!d!tting a.:(II"8/,.' 'iMde SL'ock~ A slfditBg compound miter s.m (opposlte page, 00tttJrn). e.timinates this ~irniitaJtion. The entire btad~ assembly ts mDLJnted 00 a Sltding ci§l.~,riage, giving the sa.. a mil,Ji);h greater

C rUng capacity than a ala '_aro or oompound mi~er saw, FUf Elps, @1 C ., tting e.x~rarwide ooaralIl, '1,~OOlJt a! ~stid1ngr C-'Wff"1ipoo,nd rntar saw, ~ pag~ 67.

Ma erial chroruony prav ern autorskun

,A, ~llmllitUJ'ftl1 fliiIltQ'J' Si!,W cuts be\i'flfs an'lll mitg-IS 031 tl'te same 'ikn11 TI16 m'reF~no!l bl:i'"lel sesles make ~t easy to s,el iI'li:! i:l:ELW CiJu .(;10:11 lor preci:::ie ar..gloo. Bi5[orn [;'LU~ir'\g ii!a:ke :SUra I~e i Ila1i1rialliEl, jllish with glle glJl!:I.g f~Cf!'. OtherwisE', 1n.E! 8tng.1~ yOLl 'dut 11 .. 11 be m~OrrJ:1lc;. Et~ertSlOf1 8!ITIa pr.;wide :;I Sf.l~~ WRy ,0 t'lCild longer mi3,.. tecrie.ls in ptace Scme rnOO.e!s also QHer '&100lr cramps tN:II secure wmkpl~ce3 to'lMe MW table, A!wa:;os rsIll[l~O debns or sl'JlI]ll wa.ad SCfi?iPS lllat i'TI3y be blockIng ~he kG'J~ IjJOOIFa lIJe~or~ roofjinnlrng MlY 'eu~ and. F~membfri tij} ~p!y th~' dLiSrOOll!E~lofi, oog' regularly.

A ~I'i!l:i!iiiilg ,comjill!l!!UI1i!l!l1 miler .s~w nas all tno eernpctlel1la, Oil: I;i! r,ooui';ar CClilPOull'ld ii'III~r SI;fW. ",,,Un 1i'1e .B.d'ditiOiti (II: a $lidi1ig blade .i:ls.sefl1tloly 'ltia!t makes II, poo-sible 1101 ClIt liTii,lK:fI \tlj,jii;jf S!ocr.;..

M ateri al c h ron I any pra we m au Ot~"( I m

--.",-;: .,;- 17: 1'1-11 .

'( /. ! - J [, .

I : I I ~ I I .

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11 Llnpl~g tlte eelli'!.' 8n~ if-ispe<:1 _ ~t~ bl.;iOe: ;;;::hleo~ "fqr dll!J gr C$lTIageQl ~~ltTi,

21 Ir ~rue blade ts owll I)I A~ ;~

_ I ~f:(!&\1 type 'fuJr b.ha 'lils.ll;1ri~1 y~.,J \'i.\Btlt to (:lJ'i~ dE"'pr~ WilE! ,albeit !JOO)j; Ibu~too .arlid 1J;,JrFl me- aifbor-IFI!.l1t en 'lliIs; tit:lde ciockwJs& too rerrlO,,"" It

'TI'lie! !l,!.!!;(ilily 01' 1Ji!e' I~~: EJ~ll1iil:h.i!G~ bo/ ~ pQ\W~ mi~er S8M' de;pef"lds on H~e' bfade yoo use and the speed at w'hk:h 1tie Iblaoo is Ieresd ihroLiQrt the wml<pieoo'_ leI iiM~ l'llllIor raach rull spee:d !before cut~ing, 'lrien lOWEr' rhe blade ¢!~!3m~ ~I!I 'rol:ir ~1'it8, be;;[lt r~~ull$.

A 11~I:QOth ~rbi~e-'Jj['p;~ b:!'ilde tAl cuts @k:kly and! is: good 'FQIr rtll,,!lgll-~Hi~ 1'r,ElfI1!i~ lumber

Ii;. 6~1Wth Inrbid~~pped b(lade (18) makes, srnoOlti 'Guts. In 0011 softwoods and hwtl~s. ~t Is a gooo ~i!-Pl.ilJPDg;~ b~~~ ~ gE!-m"!-

er-ell c~rpei'irttY work. -

A -- ,.....,..'~~.. -: ,-' .":".. - -' 1;1;, lr;l!r"""C!:;;!itQn~p-!.[n!O!l C-ftloSKUIlo

,!I!!lfId mH:eIl" 1D'!la'd'e' tel makes srooottl, splifltiJ.r·i'r€~ cuts. It is, ,mn ideal blool} lm i'lnish crupl2:ntry p~;eC'I£.

,A~ a~a;IJiMi; '~lr1leliltiiiil bla:Lio (D') 'fOOk~ f~f:i~ cuts on 'I.filn :~tflel. gat-. 'oIafl!Zfld roo!a:ls. ~l'1Id iron iJllp9S.

"3' WMn Ihe- r'i1,J'!. i$ rre~, C:i;ltii;!llJllI)!

_ _ _' rEmOVE! a.e' bl;ade ~no eli;fl\a' tJie new iblao(J9' into pa$iliar~. iigl:1l1el1'l ~h.e. arbor- fl\il Ufltll snug. !la, 001 OV9'Hlgl':il:enths lfI!.it .•

Mat rial chronlory prawem autorskirn

AIii~not ~he !lUW' ~'Ol ,Iaj ,!I1a1Iillilllall!' lWorl!!lHntlil~ IJiSing C-clamps._ T-u· suppe..r[ long 'FflJJldLrigs or dlh8f stock. Ib.:uild a ~alii o~' Iblooks I~ ilEIlgtJl m the,:s.~w ~able; !iJ$m il'l,91 ,tx ~i'tJl::i;e~. AI~n ~I\ie' blg~~ witfii In.e ~aiW fen(:e .artie Clamp 'itleJil to tile 'WOrkbEIn.t:f!.

Po.tItlOl1ll 'I.lfe; DdJllIl-tatlile fe;n~ to 's!Jpport 11he ~~ piece. ~n!3"fl '~ghten ~h8i ~'e-.noet. clamp_ .

~: C~$ider buiiding ~,'Cynh'iig t;;lbfe' wnn .a reo . .e;a:~ii~BdI ~2!I '1fIf!:'! ~n'iIEI' eliilPti'l, \'!!~ 'Ifle ~w ~ed, Thl;ll ta.~, !,tilll :;l~ppl)jt moJ1ger St(:¢k. elirfliliiali1"ig tne ,need r.or. s,u[,)i}Oi't ;aI1'f'f\$,

O!?'J1l~r.r. RoE!nt !1J1'" ~ ~, j!;Io~a:ble ~r m'ibl;!~ ~w ~albie igiJ ~Jdle.n~ G\!lfir»g ilJlloo9 !ilte(;k. Or. uee a pOr18l~le wc!~!iiiC"E!_"d Eli r.QIler'-typ~ &.!ppOr1' 5ltanc ~page 59)1 I~ &Jf)OOI1 '(our ~aw ,!Wc 'worll;~C8'!S.

M ateri al c h ron I any pra we m au o,j1{ I m

TIps for CUlti ng wnh a Power Miler Saw

'irQI 'a'!.!'ill!I~· Im'lbItd9!l1! off ~!:I!O Ii1lliUilih, stan OtiC b'y maJo:iflg a cot abou! .{" 10 U"Ie 'MII:!itQ side 01 'It"u) eu~tlll;;J II'l~, .1"'01"1 ·nLb51~' al II'W:! workple~ wllh OM Clr ~ ati~JI.<lf'Ial cut:=.. Ul"'ll~1 ycIU h;w.e c:u~ UIO to the cuHIJl~ llna WE!l1 until Ihi;i tlt:l~ ~b;jPS tj.;otore rs.i5ir'9 ~he" arm Ct1 .every cul,

To C1li!Ml mylliple p.eces, of s~Ciek tn the &::lrnD h::ng,r., clamp 8 !;llc.D block to ~r S!1'Pport tiii~ 801 the CIe~ OOM 6~w~e ~rQm~he br~e M:er CUl1JriQ me 11'.1:01 ~I;E!-, POSTi 1011 E!:5:l;:h ad.dil~rlfIl lang,ih a~'F;!ll"'ISt thp !ioLcp bttck aoo 1t-.e ~efleE to c.u1 pieees or eCl1JEI1 IIBf1Q1h

C!lit 11I81il\OW ~slt{!!!:;ik. such as PVC pfp!l, 00'!l£ moldII1,ys, ,and :2 x. 4 S ~I"I £I PO\V~I rrmsr saw. Cf'ieel< 'ifial U"ItI MW ~ i21r!lC:hec'~ !O 1hll ~abl~ or[)p~rl~ ane! i"I5Ia Itle ~rkplece st.eady while CLJtl ng, A 51andRrd pO'!,l,ier mi~r S8W with a 10" biaci;I makes .;:;I ~II~ 5):1'" lorllQ wi~h. 'itle bla!!ie set ~l 9() ,

Set ~,,~ saw o15!SC'mbly; .Iftl ~hCi d~I!IIPO~~iilt!fi 'htJ~ slor'"g or mQ'ting it, or- ~e,'-1 ~'OIJ wont ea !J!sil1'g 11' lor .3 long oerod of lime

Mat ri al c h ron i ony praw rn au tors kim

1 Mai-Jiea 'ftjil.~W2lfd e:1,IiI:. Fie- 1~5_~ 'lha_'lr,~g$r I;I!n_d1 ~~'~e b;1,E:1,dle IXIf'I'Ie tQ i;!fu Q :5-~ 0 1;1, iii en r.a~' t h.oS ® 9il'ii' ,a!\iTI-

!~ut 'IinfI\Dli,Igh 'wkiar bo~ui!ll! by r.tlEing !!he i1'I~Qht or 'lria .... ~kpiece. P.litlCe I;! :5''Cl'ap :2 x 160 und'.er trne '\t:iOi1l.-' plece. Ele'ltatillg ttle ~pie.'(:e albNs a wtder ,areBi of the !blade, to OOf'Itact lfle wood. lihel l'Jla)iimum ,ctJIttin~1 wld1h when using th~ !blocK Is 6~ ~lti the blade se~, ~:,OOil ,and -4~ at 4i5~.

2_,' , il,lfn he' '!i!lOfkpi1:iCEl' .~r. and ,~ ca:r,gI'ully 8!lign the ~ill'$1; gyj' '!,'lilti1 'the 'saWJ blade. M~(.:;e .a S~jJnd dow('L-'j'ffi__rd cut ~,o iir]i~1!1 ttie ;00 ...

,A ~1I~iiig c!ii!ml:l~f\d If:'Il'ilttr ,QIW ~implr~ie~ Wl~i~9 wida :M¢~. !boOi;:ei'! '~e c~r!!ii,El.g:.e e;lamp BiiO j;l1l,J1!1 aui' '!)he !C:arr.j!ii,,9iE!'. 'lflen' ~Ufn On tiilJeo saw, 'I~I' 1ne blade. :and Plr.r.h this

carriage in to cut ttle stochi.

M aterial chrornory prawcm au of)~klnl

1: M.a~ cul'iu'lg Im;as M sae tl pl~e;a 01, ftIO[.:jil'fg or _' oll1f:'r rMtEJ:ri!':l!1 YI)'lJ pl.,:!lJ1 ~n cul. On ..... In{dnw af\d Ijoor CI3:5Jfl9S, ml;lJIi; 8 IlJle across !tie 11"0I'"!t face of me pi~e as: 3 referercs Tor il': e CU1(il"lg direct0!0fJ RelTl{lmoor Only the beglrllnlflQ of nre GUlling line ~l'1o!J'lcl .actually be used 1(1 line up the Nj.'N tJ~d{l fho Jrechand lina aC10SS the i'a{:@ oJ tho molding Is :3 duoetlonat rereronce only

lM!affl ~ 1~,ffil1i~1 !ifl~ aloo!tl ttJ€ top edge (l1 baseboards so mrne:.ete the 3'lB:rtlng poim and drrection ~o:r e~h cut l6asebooros ~f\d moldings that fUf'l tho mg~h or a ~II am i:JIJt bt s.tmdlng I!h~ staok agall'l!;t 'ltill ~w 'eone!}

68

II ~y door al'ld ..... irlldow G::I Sirtg :slao~' if.a~ (:c"I Ihe $:a'u ,~ t8ble end set !he blade 'b!J I1"J.atCtl the !:utllnglill€ It you hR,!/€ a compoond saw, set ii1e b~1 adjustmen ~o 0" Mc:hor the caslrl!;i wi~n YQur hand at a ~'I] ollis~!lnce trom 1M blade.

How 'to MiEIlke Scarf Joints.

Jio!':nJ mald!Iil!al ,p~e:s; t!j)j' ~OI'i'i9j;r:s~ns by mlmlln~ t~ I3!1ds at 45 an-gl~. The rnitarud Jol~'1 ($'Cari) canI'"'ICt 0,per'I up ar.-nl 000'1;" a CI"af:1o!. t I ~j'tfl wOiXlI st"iFtf'li'=S:.

Mat rial chronlory prawem autorskim

t1) - - - t - M'I"" - 'C' '"' - I..ii - t ... , - - - - if'!! - - - - - - .,i ".'1, - I~ - - -

_ OWO __ Jwir ·._: .... 'i,i'8 1i,i;,iil_;umgiSi 0'1"1 Ii! 'r;...ompOUni.Y I!.r~h.:er JQa,w

Ley' 'Q1i13' n"iI!:;i!ldii'ig fl~i' rm ~he' ~o~ 'tHb!e 8:nd set ~h-(l mrl-er and OO ... llll B{i,idll:iS For 00II9 m01dln~~, ~~ ~rUi8-rd seltinge .are ~,,,, ~mi~ef.l e:nd 31.62'l' ~bevel}, Oil! m.:my :sca.ws; ~oos~ OOUirll}i .Qil'{j·l\Igtl'ligntaa f;o1.aaay Id~nli~i~a'~tor!. !~:

'Ifla w!il!s ,91.,e 1'i!}tperpEH1!JiclJlar! '~ou Mil need to 'i3~nm@nN: toO flllld 1tie correct $et!i:nS$-. -

1 ~: :'~-::~~~;~l~~~:~!r~~=~~i~:I'

fion ~!'ile; !'J'iIQf!;jing t!p~ide;-ljlJl'H'n, so 'ltie UfitS {l1'li 1h@ ooQk oi ~f;je. l'IXI+!]illg BJie· 'Fi!.iSh witIl t:h@ saw table ;§Inca ·[floce.

1.11 Set ~he blad€l aJ: ,~a tIDd eut ttle moiding. To cut &1 'fh"@ moidirr'lg 'kif an ad~ai~if1Q waH, :swi,",~1 'IDle' miter saw m 100 ,5PJ~~ir.e1 41Sf" :;;e'~1in~ §nQj ~ke :Ii!, Ol1,t on ~ne ~aco!!'!j IPiece, ~!I ltIat ~ 'i!i!IM 'd'i~h ;Hie.li~ p;Bce

~o l'Onif! :8, e'.gmer'. .

M aterial chronlory prawsm au cMklnl

[BD-Iers

C t decol'a~iw~ shspss, make grooves, a!'1ld trim ~aminale6 wlln a rolteF, A !'Outer is a tJlg'hsp€:ed powell' 1.00.1 !hat uses bits to perform a wille. v..arie~.y o~ Cl1tHng and 'shaping h'1is'~_ The t"WO main ~y.pes of rooters 13.v-ail~ able are l1ne plunge fQU.'Ef, . and tile standard 1101JI'oli!'f,

A st,endard r'outer rs good f{tir' edtgBng work and is easier lC) use w en mQun~ed 00 a FQ'iJL'eF table' (page 73).

A. plunge router has; .8 5JJrlng-· 10&:100 bi:lSS Ihat .a;IJo.'NS '!fOOl to pooftlofl the. bi~: a~"9 ]he wOl"kpiece, and "p.liU~ go9" nto a exact spo . F Lmg8 roL:lte rs ere. 'parlieulmty well suited! to I'Tl8! -1"191 mor~j;g!fj and dado cuts,

Rooiter:s rot~~g, ~t ,sp'~$ up to. 30,,000 rtl\KI~utions [pel minute, ,and range tom ~ to. 3; horsepcwar.

F'o~ genell'al purpose· ~'OiJ~iflQi, choose a outer thB~ is rale.o 911

¥.: horsepower or more, Cl1her 'fea.uI.EJS to. look 'fOF include a c0f1\i'9nitm~l¥ placEid-CN/OFF sWlitch, a clear plastic: ctrip g,uard, and a bLllitt~ln work lig'ht

Roo [er bJts: ,spin in a ,e:h:x::k'Nise dli~ctl~iiI. CaUoSLI1QI the 1:001 to pull to Ihoe left. Foli' beast 'resl.ll~. ~eed I. e fruL'er 'from le1t to rl~h~ 50 thal ~ .. culling edg;e 0 :' e bil: feeds Onto tie 'WOod.

chroniorv prawem autorskirn

A eome.II" fal:lndl'n;g bit makes, simple ~ifli:31h ,gd~8 '0'11 'ftJrnit!J1lB; and 'iV'OOd I11.Old~ngs..

A t$li!rjiglilt t>.J~ c~~ a ,!;:QOO!1li!'. 'fl~t~tlJt1r!e.d groove. 'Use iiI: til !I11!i_1il;e 'I'!'OO_dwcl'ktngl piIlts 011" ~'oF freeflaml rooting.

Ani cgae bIt, CI;1L:s iIJl'adiLiol"liiil, d€C!Dr~llV€I s'h&P~ HnJ vlOOd. C1g~~ bits ;§r~ ill trnFI u~d to c;~a]@ wood I'J'1(JldF InGjs aI'Id t.o :!ih~oo, tri!i;lle~ge:!:, or. .l,iImi~ui';.a ~~~~f'ilS~

A l!IlrmJnate· minmer' ,tilt cule, Sf ~jf!i~li1ed 'edg:e, 00 p!a!Z:~ lie ~8_millaJie insAi3JJ!aBl. A ba!!..:bB'aoog' p[IQ1: !Dre'!fen~5, Ehe bll 'from ,sc_(IFChing ~he ~'a{:e o.~' ttle ~amilJl8.le.

A go-1,!'~§U l1Iit 00!8 'Wedg&5'i'1I@,ped groo'Ves used ~o m~ irrte~kirT!g joints ~br 'fumirure cons.lructij.Ofl .:md C8bi:netw!Nk.

A '!fE!i[l1i~!9I blt 15: a ro!Jnd~tGtlled CIJ.-,ti3'1' used fQ!i' ~ree·lm1d deeoraIi'!€! carvtng and, r-€!trefin~.

M aterial chronlory prawsm au ofSklnl

Ufl pILi 91 ~hi} ~oot{li .and Il'1lseft ~he deslred bit fflt-o Iha. oo1iet unlil It rsaehas the bottom of ,he 8ha~1. iIi'Ie!'iJ, :;iliQe; Ihe- bit out appr1lY.t[i'fiaJI!Eli~ ~i 00 'too: ,CDI el does l'iot beCQffil;!' d$lr'r:t;!gad as nne bit i£;:o:pand\'e.

31 ~Ur1g~_I~,.r:'OUJ~I9I1,~~ ~f1li.1 ~h81 ~Ip O'r1F.J~ ~jt . to'Udhal;l Ina W!4JtkPfE08l. LocI< ltJe ,phJflge lev91.

Wl[h the {;ol1'l"C'1 b-E3i If~'hin.g .on ~hi;!o If(IL;lbE!1i' ba$iiil, :Slide the ~ptn in'ilic-a!Or 'L9 uO· On ~!'ie !J:i~ ~~ih OOr;!!19, IR'aise 1.tie eorurol bar U11r1i! 'Lt1e indiit';~to;r is .aligl'lledl 'h)ijjh 111@ deSf"H~d deplh 00 the scale, ana lock: 'the 'oonbrol Ibar 'I!'\J plaoe by IIig(hlen-ng ihe' p[t!Fiige l-e';fflr,

'l~

2 Dep~e!il' the ~ht!1t ~lX:k bl,!foon, l!lien '1~9ht'9ili tins oo-!Iet v.Mt! ,EI, '/i'tFe-tJr;h, ~r YQl.!r !"f'1Qoel e!1)E!$Jll'1 h~ ... e :;. :S'ha'ft ~ck, use a second wrenc!l ~IJ notd ~M' ehiej~'

wl1lle yc.i:J 111m 'Lfle collet. . .

4- Use a pteee of sc~p, 1NCiOO to te~l th-e plun~'f!

! ! d~pth b.;zfor>G' cuuing !roo!'" oompioce, Measure tile d€lplh of 1i'1e d-BsIH!d CUlt on ~h!} scrap wooo ~nd rnark 100' OiJlOUI aJ~_ AdJIJSt iOO; ptUI'!IQ@ d€ip~.h as needed.

Mat ri 8,1 c h ron i ony praw rn au tors kim

'TQ ~ ,Ii!! ~iOI"at<iw. etlg:e .. liM up the It!>it (if'1tJe

lI"oo~er 1· !il!wi:!IY ~'l'(Im U'ije' edge a : the '§Mfkpiece. Stan 'ifle !!timor and push 1lhe: bit ~hrough '~h® mamrted !Mit! €""felll pr'~r€. Edgirlg bits have a ~fkM: tip. 00 tn.e), will cut at an €Iii'~i'1 depth wtnnoi,ij: i,iS1fi9 :;!!, ,strQigt'il~dge-

Keep, '~ f(l(!tt~r." b'.a$i ,tfi!trt w'tJe!l ciJtlirlg ,Ell deCDf.a~ive sage, b:y clSilTigitigl I;i piece iIl'1: eiCirap I!.JFFlb~ 'Ilhe same thlrilkil~$ sa, the WofkFJieoe: to llhe iSJu!1ooe Q': 'tale

we i'l!'.ba n c.h_

'iliol maM stra~nt ,ollftS ii~l'asi.il'~ rnafl'k a, ,Ct.i~tiflg liii\9' on th€ warkpliElCa a:fId OIarnpdl5WiM.:II ~l1eiQl!ttE!dge Q!illh:le. t(~pr ~~ b~' t;1r ihie roU'laF ~liTifIly a:gaiFl~I' the atreigntEldge whei:l! ~:5Singllh1{~i'JQIti 'ifle-wQ{,kpiee:e

Use' a l'Cul&!' mb'te, to rr.er~.l;jSI'1! yoor oonlJi1o:J ifIl '1lM~ 'MJmpi~e anI] ;jjmcr0~ set up 'IliFfl~, YOIJ (ian, build ~-O!J' ;[I'MI rouier -naD4fi' or b!.t]i 9, 'P.aetory mwuel bloile 1hie one Shown,

M aterial chronlory prawsm au ol~klnl

Ma1 rial chroniorv prawem autorskirn

F~,_I!!

hBlITllTllilf

F'«1Jml':l'i !'JEn'tIl1!I!' r

Hillmers

Se.recmi g, the righi, Mmmer 10 ' a taslk depends mainly on ~in{j· ~l1Igl one ih.at fi3i:§1ls. coml:orl~Jbte and manag~~lbt~. burt !h~l a.1S'D hl.;L:S anol,llgh weight to 9\e~' Ilne' job dena. lFoo' gafle-~ Ci;!lpenU'Y. choose' ii!I, llam~r 'r;,-tli a, smooth fiiflish, a hfgh-carbOfl Sllee~ ltiead. afld a qli~llL'y ha - die made of . ie, 'ory, 'fibei!'g lass, Of solid sleel Less ,s);!penswe s.t'~ffilll handles of tern ha"IJ13 hdllO'W C01I;lS. thaI' ~nEl not 'as! ~f.ficlel'lt ~t .ranS!T!ittirJg l'of(~e W the h€'a~.

!For lighl'-dluty Inai1irtg, a 16- OlIooe. CU 'l,;'9ij-cla.w fjnislTi barnmer is 8J popular cneiee. It is designed or driving. semngi! and pullingl nails,

A mallet w'ith a ooF11-maJrkil1g wboor QF !plastic tie-ad is the best tool 'for drMng :chtSi8;1S l.i'Uit~ul d~m.a;glf"lg 'Ih~ 't()ols~ MaJI~'l'6 ¢lj'9 ~Js@ Wl~h.:il f'Or making 81 ight ad.tustmenlS: '~O a, workp~ece wit.hout IIT'IsFnlng Inel surface of the 'I'!lOOd,

A sled.gsnammQ or n'l'aLllI is;

9. €!ctive 'foil' dlemalisJtiing Old coos uuc jon Oif ad~s;Ung ~h!l:l pOSi~iQj'rIoj' ~amlrWJ i'lI'lember:s.

Stralghl.-C~c&w "r,Bming namme:15:~usually wli~h ;a,2CI-ounce m- heavier ooad (opposite pag:~)-are used for kamirlg wa~ls and a her hB.a,vy~d tv ~a~k..S. The €>ira weighl, helps! drive large najls. with f€"'Ner S\vings. ~.' est 'framing: hammers. are too heaV'lj "Of finish earpsn~ry. wh~re oonlml lSi of pnim~ry importance.

Ff'Q!Jiiiilg' ~B:m~m WfJ ill :ifiJ~,. lie!'!gthi, ~ndl ha_ndle l1i!Bferial" hI:;!,nd~'~pes include ~iber,;glass, 80Udf !3leEl~, h!of!CM,! core, ana wood', Hsrnmees typioCally range ln lellg~ from '14' to 'Ii". Most fJ.amlFL{I! hammers 1'iIa,\t{l a h~d !H€lgnlf'ilQ ,at l~aGt ro OUfl~!L but [!~i1ler ,a,fId

u~ ,a ~~liil!unffiMii' '!.'O ,da1iti~iShl mil nramni!lg an(ll ~o dri'!ie '8pl~~ ~i1Ill,s:1efll9S. :si1$C!lgatJatnFflBfS i.I.aty lfI"iI!,'eoiQhl fJ.MI ,2 to 20 poundS. aoo in i8li!;i;lEh ITom '10 10 36~,

t"!~~r !'JlQd'el!ii! ,!i!1e ~v~ilable, Soi"11e lhea,g~ 'fe:MtJ!'"e a wp.'Mre ,p8ittem across iIlile '~e 'itlat increases, the ha:fillll1€!r"s hOld 00 1fle nail 'for IDOf.i3I e.'flic~nc:y ~nd !a_ccLllracv, Framin~ ihaITIi11K1~ h~ straight eiaJ!,rS, r:wq

pr~lfiI,g ~rd.s. '

A m!!nlet 'w!1h ,Ii!! ~ ~ pl~~le !head a1rives WOOd!\UOF&l.ing Uh~'I~, A :oon m~I!~t lace wii] r'lot d'.tI~ge 'iine \i'tQOdwDrkitlg toola_

M aterial chronlory prawsm au DT~klnl

Shoppi ng f,or a H amm ~ r

1i!\e' 'eilfgfEgE!:s;t, ~Ji! 1:g~ 1TIa1i!~~~' h~ '!.'.Wit.! !Jraon. 'Illa1 1'IJIls. par:sltell:c1 'iJle- tool :head (leM, HBJIldies wilil 'ina g!lain running per,pel'ldiculBJ to the 100 head trlghL) am i'rIQf~ likG-'¥ 10 br{:a~ CllBck tho iBi1G grain Ioof'iJl'€i bilYlfl!d a l":fIifl tool or tool h8l'ldle Too4 h@ndlBS ihaulr'a (:f<aekeld Of [0Cli.8 Y1ouli:l' be r"8plac~,j_ WOO:ti hlIDdllBi; absorb 111fi'£)' ::;1'Iocl'i tnan I I I)arglSa:!! rn' i'tilItal

i~o,,",c ~tLlbboml fli!fliInS. by pJ.aelllg ,~ brc.c,' (i~ wood und€N" ltit) hanlft10f t"iead lor alEd8il flwrag~ T)) a~oid damag!J 10 lfIQ WBIkpl~09 U!~ a eleek big IIJl"IDUgh to iJ'V{lnl!,' distrlbLiI'{l pr(lSsur~ fmm 1n)} hammc-r heaa

A 1iI-;g~ hEimt1ilil!i1l' ms,'Y have ~ V€ry ~J;)(Jtl11'ace that ceIlas: 11) slip 01~ me neRds of nails. Friloogh up • he! i.a;ge Wt1n sandpeper to increase l'ricOOn be1wee" ~MEI hfIJTI' rrer and! ~M naJ.1. For fitHSi1 harnmGr1flQ, ~ou i1'1:&~ wnl [0 s~ck li'Jlm a snlOo1h~aca hammJ3t iNDTI"" You Call also rJS~ IlfI~ ~Mpa.Pfl~ ;0 i'ai1'10'!.0'B v.'noi:l' ra!1;lf'ls ;anal f'flaN l:Dal1ng:!: lIt~~ eu lt1 u~ on 'n~ tsea 01 ~DUI harl1r'1ler5

PIlI!!1 ~"Ir!QCI nal~? by Y'ledgTIg ~M sl\Eink of the Mit tlghll~ "' U'IJ} claws and lali'~flf'l~ 'In£) hanlJ"J)ei' hafid)e sia£l'NilI'r's.

Mat rial chroniory praw rn autorsklrn

M'kI tille, IhB.li!Il"!tier wHn ili!l rel!L~1!id grifp. Take :advanritage 01' 'itle !hammer's, rncrnentsm and W€igtn b)! releasing yoor wrist ,art Ihe botrom of ttle S/W,il)g as i : yoo WBi,fj; Ihr'O'!Ning the :n€lad ~: 'the hammiiif o.ll'tcl the Inail, Hit. 'ItIa flail s~tJarB:i!i (fr.I 'ttla ihead, il"fI~ea/!iFlg !he me- 1ion 1!,!1"It11 the, (l.ail h~l!l ~ 11u~1'ii with ~h:e '\i'iOr~ sur.~'(i~.

"tr.QI :!iet :ell 'linitilh mOO! 1bekJ'N ~ile, !Surf Me, i)O:i!Nioti! if!e iLtgi qj: Eli nail set 'on ,~~, 0011 net;lJJ and !9t'lJrlillie ·!Jie obner end! wilh;fl, halwine:r,

Use.tllle pn:!per' IrlllJUnQ! 'temfl31:!1~e ~br lJi'ie task Erid~ Ilailing is used ~o ati!lEh perpendrcufilr boards when modefa!e s.[]\~gth is required. If'"!.1IeMII' ara ,45~' angle fa" ema 8'iIrBlnglh when pnirW"ig, p~iJI)€ooioo!ar Imming Fl:\(!mOOrs'_ F:aoE~a 111:0 C~!J. stFIJt''1g h!'1:.aJ:I~r·s. for docIr

8..l'lIa wlndow o.penlngs, ~lindTi8!il ~OfIgl.i!e-'aJ""!..d.,groo...,e \boords to cooC€a1 nails, ,efiiniooting the flood to oo~ nells :and ~r trfem !MtI1J j1Il1y bii.fore pairnlng or stairmg_lLocKfl1.ilii w~, mitBt' jc!ints in irim pr.n:i,0C~, to Pi1Wflf1t 'gaps rr~ d'I1 .... l3topIFiig as 1h€i: 'HIm pl0G@s dry.

M atorlal chroruony prawern aLitotf:IkllTI

78

Ic.rewdr~ ers

Ever)' carpent'er :siloold 000 se\l\eral Pltiillips. Bnd slotted. :6cra~dri'i,fers. Even ~hoogh fhe, drillm@.JJn~ed SCr'el.'l bit has becClrl1e U"e s!and:ard roll'

rge Pf,o~c:ts; sCiewdrivers me s.till e;ss;en~l<.8!1 1m :!ii, vallie-tv of carpentry i:.asks. Look 'for qu~I]~y S)c.rm",driv~r'S wiin Mrd€ln@!d-st'9~1 blades and

ha' dies that ;aJe easy to, grip. Other fe'al1J!reS to

1.;.;.0. k." for ' ... .r-,Iu ' Iii" 1 .... '· .... - ... h' ''"'' ~.-.III,.,... 0 - i'\~- ",.~.

!V IV I".... u r_ _",th:nt::'IJ or,'1d r;::;'';)'. . jpfVLe .... L

against .electriCal shock and ol'ride-co~red tips, (Oi a slrong nord on screw heads, For worldng in I"ghrt spots, a scrgwjjrMsJ W'ith a magn8 -D tfp CaJJl also be helpru~.

COfd'I~$S· p.~r SCfawO'rive.'rs sarviS time; arid e~:r~t, For '!1imal~ pfq~ctS, they are. an inexpensive aJ£erna~i~ to ti c.ordless drm or !jcrewgur;, 'Most mode-Is include 8. removable batttery pack arrnd charger. 80 you can . eep' 0; e Di5Uery. in thiEl' cnarg€lr. at all times. Co: dless Ilovmr ':sCfi!jW~ drivers haV€I a U:riliv~rsa1 ~ drive ,and c::orna wi1ll1 a slotted! bjt aild a ·iIif;.2 F'hi lI]ps.lb~t. Oll'lll;i!f b.!!s.

$ ch as Tb~x a.nd! ~oo ~, bits: ar~ al$.'o ava.i lable ..

~Ol~ A!~y~ 1J~e- the CQrIl\GC~ sc:r-ew-d I¥$f f~r U~e ,i~b, Soc fewd~i\fiers. f!!houldl fit t e slo.1: of 'fhe :sor,e\!\! ligntly so yOlo;! can a.void s.tripping !he hea:o of the serew or damaging Ill€: 'WOn piece,

DlllIer' drl'vlngl apUctills melud. 8qlj.3r{1-d,ri .... e and Tor- driv~' screws, Square-:drWfl sor~dr;-OJ,efs are ga Ilin{ll iXlPularlty becQIJIS"e sq~rlr~·drrl;'ii SCrl1liHS aro ,di~ficu t 0 !fiUip, TOl');.mdri'lffll"S arc. !J'S:€.d If! eleetrcnes and aumrnot ve apP!Jcatlons,

Ma1 rial chronlory praw m aulorskirn

C'omiffiOJI :~~~llVfjI~; In~i~, ~i;!d '~i\E!'«dfi~r '~i1 'iru;yl,ated llandiE!, Pi1i1i~p~ ~~wdriveF mli"! in~y~~ed h!;Lndr-e 8TIQ Q:(igg' '~p lotJr be~15 COn;(!l'{IJ, rnt'!Jtlet drp..eef' wi~h in!ero'ha!"J;@eil'lb!e bi~:z:. ofiJfiea: sr;rewdrj;,;lf!l1'or d_(r.'i!!1t!J in iighl, 'D!ace~. 8J]d ,1;:-otIrd!e5'8 ~i' ~crewdri~eJ' wi.h 1ba1~Eif!j ,pacK ,81'!d, p~wti!'llg :s'h~tt.

~~ ;!;!i S~Wd!1~lU' er R!lSW bit Ihal ,alooe!y rnatct1e5! Ihe 'SCrew' hefild. A lip ilhal"s too bfg or 100 small willi d~m.ag:€ the 'S,Cf'1iIW and tlhe ,drlwr. and i11!Iilke 'ttJ@ S!f;r:.ew ha:rd to r~fiiXIiJ'e la19L

R~liIdHl@!lI ,iii illomed ecre~l'!dlr..eT 00 ,Eli re~1il grifl-d&rif 11"~' tip, becomes dama-ged, Il)jp 1fle ~ij) 01' ti'l£I, sor'!lWd~r IrI 'c:.utdi 'fi\a.te:r p!l1iodlcally to k~p it Imm getljFi~1 '00 hoi ,dLlrif:'1l~ 'g,Mdtflg~

M aterial chronlory prawsm au o~sklnl

1l1!e.lPowe~ dlllls ons d the mast pa~iJilar, and v.ersatl ~ iP~ve1' tools. Thanks to a OO~[ of !m-. IProvememls In its design. todlay'S d-rrlis harVa " many mare 'h.mctioos V - n just drlmng ,ool~s, Mlcts! of ilOda,y's dring, rue vafiable~speed everB4ri1g1 (\lSR) drills. makfrilgl them oolilvooient 'for driving :and Ifemrr ... - 9 SGrn'i'iiSi, n ts, and bofts. as 'iWilI as. far drilling, sa II! dln gJ, and stirring paif1.~ 'The keyless ehuck 00 ~l nelA' - :tnls ma'kes ~t 'ea5Y to ~ap b[te or qu[okJy. convert a dilll into 8i grirnder, ~ander, all" f)alnt mixer. Newer nnod'"e15 :allow.' YOOI t'O ad~t. the tlf'tWS, ctul'dh 'for dr1ltln9: or (or drivlng 'nto 'lfwioo:s mSft'9r11els, :s.Q_~e elul'ctl wm al.riL~BiticaUy disengage before ·screw heeds :s~rip or ~ink ilOO f'aT Iflto iItIe rne!l'eFial.

Drills me oommcllnl¥ a,va:ilable i %"" ,,', mid ~. sizes he· size ref,ern to the rjjalilemer of the bitS _ and 04Jrief accssserles mat iltJe drill wm accept A ~. a-iii is :Sj:afld.ard rim carpen~ry protects because it accepts a widE! v.miaoly of bolts and accessories

and runs :tilt ill ~Igher speed Ihan W nl!.xf~a C'Ordlesa 'rechnot~gy h~9., ma_de dulls rnere portable ltJQf!1 ever, But II'S im artent '~O uF!der~ stand Ihe 5-1ie:rngilhs 01 corded arrtdJ Gmdless d&-· ~gns booe aeckliingl ", " . iell one ~oo shoutd

own_ Most cad I;:SS drills. op~rat0at sll'JWe' ~L'1)!Bds, and wi~h l~s.I:OIfqIlJ8ft:l~n oord.ed mOO~l:s_ Yet, rordless models arli9 convert_em ~!J6a ~hey allow up to. several Murs of oper~lioo beMean charges end! e1lmmate 'the needl k!q e)I:Jten:siool ClC!ifd-s. TQP~oH:he-i'liie eoreless drills geflera1'e about] .200 rpm, C(!(ded ,driil:s ~i9'h ~lgnjrican~ less because mey don't if:eq!JIl~ ibaJ~ery packs, end seme ope~iI.e' at f!lGf,e than 2~OOO npm, FClf most iOoo, ,111 OO~!lle5S ~rill~, 5_I?Wer Speed is not a probfem, 'but as the 001ile'4}i' \~rs dlown dlfilJing beeorres di iCIIJ and more of! a _ s'iJa.irll 00 Hla moto.r_ S.pm~ b..atiBlY pac S csn o-fl'~ set iitlJs pmblern. ~ you ownlbo1ln types of 'DIms, ~ your COii'doo mod~1 QlI1 inalln as ~ backlUPl

Mat rial chronioru prawern autorsklrn

W,Ile;n i5!li!!Dip!iji!i~!ilg "[(iF ;i!! dHm, reI"J'I8l'1'1be1 'iflEJt .he ~t pO"Werf~ roo{ t.s J'lot noc@ssaJl~y ~h!l oost, one f{lf 1hBl rOO, Th s lIS o!iIS~· ciali), uue of corososs dlilts, tiraoa.'l.l~a rr'llgl~i£li' voltail¥! rating~ l'equire' heaIJIE!r' batt,aI'lEiS, fA 1TI{If.e!' f.I(1JNeriul c(]ra.l~ ~I Is ~l'lefl.l[ ~or ne:!!l'l'j-oJi.!ty dri:lllng. wheflo e~[l;i 'pcwer will alb'll VOl! IlJ dM~1 holes l(llhitik limbers or Il""LI3_sonry Il'\OI'e qlJlc, ty &id easll~. for dr~lJing OC"'!3WS .and 'F.nr lijdhl,-dLiLY wil lng, a FIl~dlum,.. 'IICIi~ag8 cordl.g::;$' f'tM(1ai Wi( B corded dr111 'is BI belte"I 'Choice FI}J Gowenlert{:e .f!l'1d versaulit';', bok r'CIl'" features 8!l':h as a k.{'!~. BS8- chuck, ad.Lusril:ble "Clutch

;arlO varlaOI& sj}o€d and rs\,I(J~ ~VSFl'). Try out sa ... oral drllis so :rou: can campiafEt iFrEl' fa~ ~ l;1'Ie OOI:;i LIjl0€lr lo8;d-

'Ciiill'liIerii grut~ !ire e.~.iTl ~i~e'i:!Ji! ,ai!{~nl!igle because (hey can ~F'1et,ate IIli:3 oJ ii:oFqlJe and opera.te at s;peeds ~of ,2:.000 rpm Of more, If yw wal'l~, ,11 'iast. pow€r~'lJt, Ilght~ w~h.t drill. a corded dr1lmay I:i~ '11"19 riglU: tool 'fo.r yoo_

A [Ilif!mme!!' d:lfm 'CCI"IifI'bJfI;e:5! lne rOlaf)' motion of if! canven1:ii:w!ii!J drm with '~he impad actiOfl of a hemmer. Iii can drill OOl'€s, In maooJ'lllry fI1lIcih 'f:as'OOr ~OOI'1l a regulard'llil. IH!~i'iiiI1n~ drills can also !b9i sat r'(1i" lfi'i'lp.a~l mbt1~ or rata:ry ImO'b~ ooly" mak"ll:lIg tham ~.i.D1 'f'Of' ~:EIt:11er.aJ dlimn"gl 8ppli~UDn~ aa weil as c:ruvil'ilg w~, .

Matsnaf chroniony prawem au [)I~' It n

IEH'LlI lll1ils th;l;ih.!ld';8~ .a ITiagn.e1iC drive gl,lide, '!h1.~I· ~t !:iet ~revro~i~'i;:'l .and 1lo\J~ drFV.er eet, pltlgl c~jt1er. gli£'!~e ~m;l' 11m b Is. ~J"l.ade bit sat, hgle S!;J_W bils. :and ad(;\Jstable COl!I'"iI'!3r]:)o(e· tilt The&'E! accessenes are o'Iien so!d 1!'A1h a dlil or are 3vai'ab1e !3eDaral:el~

l!iSc :i\'j m<liQii'liIl'lh:! cI ril'!oll!J g;l.iiid~' IHh!:i;l~ you i'iI\:ied to

r!: ..... II\CI"I i4a:ek a:n(:f fOrth F{lM cfIlr.lng 10 ~rfr'''''ln9. rh~ 9 ulce 8110\\'8 '100 'to sWitch bits tqr..ur::;kry .and 'E:!J!slly

r ... -IlhO!J1I00SiE!r'ling and tightening the chuck

Jii!'l3bcrm ,1ti!:i!lBiEi hill i:1eTtlW'or)tI. st'!rri, 'fl1lh a sm3lJ 'e.lt.

i hen drrll a~ltJn ",,~irJg 8, b I or ~ha' r'E!I;('!.!ir,ed:5r~ The e;r.:1J"oEi st~ will Pf~I'lI' bl1d:rrg andl S'olil"lterin.g as the larger br. cuts [tlrougtllhe '.t,.'[Iod

Ma erial chroniorv prawem autorsklrn

URi lin iadjUliltab'Je' WiJMVRJDre IbH: to pilot, CD.tJnt€rsink; and! iCOi.llfl!BrbtJ~ ilQI@s, w.1!h (ii"l8i ac;I~I:1I" ~S:~ ~h~ '~E!Ii.$~~w to ffi'I~dh

blle tm 1.0 'ti'ie si~e and Sltlie~ :01'

i:l1e ,e:Cl'~; -

DrUIIl1101es ,toO It, ~r kno'b5i aild 'qlin!ileJi!Iil, '!,N{1tI a !'rOe ~S!!'N.! 'Ctopl andi a .sp&d€i bit (~nse~). To p~en~, 'Oh@ door lrom spl]n1ermg. ,dlill u.fl~il' 100' ~ ,saw IPlI'ol ~rn=lndre~ Just ClOOfIM ~i'1Irou~tJ the Cl4Mr s de o.~ :the mer'. ,CDil1~ 'pie.~, th~ hOhii 'f'l(MiI'I '11'19 OJ~ptiail8 :s;id~, U~ ,a ~da ibi! '1'ii:I' drlii 'fh;;ll~h1·, bolt I'IO'I~ perpendicular:' 10 the (f'OOr'.

U"$1ii II ba¢k&:nbo!l~ ..... Iten dFiging h~ile:s ~n I"itat~ af'!i1;II ~ilil¥l PlyWOOd. or al'il)!' 'i"rne ~U1 Watl~ to, pre!o'eni' b)renffish.e~. Ii!, oockerbOfl_rd iPlaued '00 the bo-rn:om 01' tli€ workpioce IPreY<e:r1~s :spli'nte;ring as Ul€ bir brea"'-s thfOOgh.

Remow' ,ill bro'Italll :lGI'Ia:W by drilling a pilot hole ·n

Ih€ rop I)f 1m screw all'Id r€mo.vlng I~ wllh iIJ properLY :Si2@!l ,gcX.ilT\§tobl~ b"Jt. ~f,gjalllil,g b.lts can bS'iUSQd lii1I a dr-II 'wlhefi I~ 18 ~S8~ on rff'l'®18!31 or ~I.ti a ff'laflLJaJ !9X~raDt~ ing,tooL

M atorlal chroruony prawern au 018.3, lin

iOomml!jn, CirpeilJlTil 'P!~ '~trl¢h[ide~ a jack plal119" I'!l)F lr~rnr1i!irigl ~r8ITtiinQllu('IiJbet, itl'oore. and 'o'i.1"II;O:f liS!!rge WQl,Kp;ie.;::es; a pl:!M'er plener, '[I:!I{ 'femovi~ Iole,'¢ !'J1!Iite'li~! 'QIJ'!~; it! b!oc-l:;pIe_llle, 'ret" :shavil'T!g 'rnarerlial f~ 111m an'l:!! oth£:F lIilarrow 1NCirl,rpleces; aoo surface· Imming rasps, 'for ~fIimm:ing ~Iat ![!f C!ID'OO surl\!1lees.

IPlanes

Planes 9i1'>e de!j.lgne~ 1'01' removi!f!g i!lli!JL19rJaJ 'from lumber when a ~w ''A'ClILllo CU~, off too much rnateFie~ ~i'fI(j s.anOling 'i'IrOUld remOVB too lilJUe_ A h.and plane cOlltsi:s~s o~ 8. razor-sharp cutting b~.de. O~ iron, set in a gleel or ~"QCl{jj bst~e. M~ ~LJMililg Uie blade, reqUEres s.o:rnelJriaJ alfld error, ~;fter making an aajllS''IJ'M!nt i:es~, ~t1e plane en a sCIl",ap piece I:)e-ro~ u~ilfl9 it till YDUIl" WOIl"Kpf..eCE!_

nne bl~,d!9i Of'! a SL!rl6tCe 'fOrrntngl ,ra~p calf'! t 00 adjusLac:fl" b!Jt imer~11a..FIgeaibt-e bl~K~es are

avel1eble fmr 'fin~ afiidi rough 'iNO~. SUl'rlac.9 'ro~mrrig rasp 11lades have e, ,ser,ies (ii' holes stamped in the Flli9tal, so shs.'!tiiflgs seldom become ciog,goo in Ime. tool s blade.

n you plaJ1l on prBlfiling many 181918 wC!fNp;eceH~. consi\dsJ purch8silflg a IPOVteF IPI2Irii2I_ A pG'iU~r ~Ianer does die ],00 IfI"£)JEi' qlJJ iCkily thalli :EI nana plane, and 'Mth ,equ8.lly 'fine results.

Clamp Jour' workplKe' il'nikli ;IIi 'Ii!IM. Op&,;;:Ue Ul~ p1aM so the ~ gJi'aJnl' rUM Mu,Philf" a'ti1OO.d; 'of 'Itla ~~" G~ !oo,100 koob .aoo harl!::iie iif1il'l'i,!/. and pkIne j,\!1~h 100g_ m'loolii :~li'ilkGtS. 'To, tPf'~fll ~rplafliPlg';at nf'f.a bagillFDi'lg ~OO end ,~f rfI!'J [joard" e.alted ~. pm:;s d'owfl"OFlll}Je 1'Cia'lkinO'i:) ~t~. 00- g1rininQ of 'IiIe :!JFdKe. ~f)Ij ~a:r d'C1wn on rna tie;£li .:!II ~ha' and 04 'iIf'Ie sl)td;.ae

'UH a lbl:ock, IP~n: Iffi' {iol'flrTOCln Jdbs.llke ~J;iiFflmlfl'gi end .grain. ~FI'iFig 'Ii1B adg~5 6f parlicl8 booirdl and pl:\iW®d. and t(lmffllflg 1~i1inaMs_

Mat ri 8,1 c h ron i ony praw rn au tors kim

Chisels

/it. wood ,chis~1 Qomr.sh~ 'of a sharp ~.~I b~ade; ~ed 'on

~t ~east, ot"!~ ai(j',fj and ~et Irti a ~ood, OJ JPIe~tic ~ai1d:le~ It cuts with IIghl: ha:f'Hi pr;e5esJJ.Jj'9. Of 'w1iien '~he, end 01: !.he heli"ldle lis ta,pped mtlti a rrml~et. A wood chi~1 ls ort~n used 10 CUlt, hknge

and 'Iad;: I'Jf1Qr~i~," .

Wlhen cli\es.tJngl d~p euts,

make ,several sn:a1loo CU~,S illi~ s~,e;,ad of C1n~ C€!e',JJ cuL Forcihg ~a chisel to make d~p, cuts onil~ dl.W~l$ '~he 'tool, and 'C~Ill; datJla~ iIM wo:rkipii!lCI!L

Sh~r'f~i@1l"i ~fi@' bl?!d~ of :YOUI'" clllisels, oftten. 'us[ng ,a ,~harpentng S!iO!"IS, (:h..;~els .ar:e' ,ea~~ and sereno u5e and p(Od!l.!~e ~erllt#I IFesults woon iIit~ ,are :snaJfp"

11 Cu~, 1ti@ QhlItHoo of Iht~ iRKI~'. l;9'oldi '1M c~1 oo'.!"~I·~dlPin ,a[;1Jd '~ nllil oont €lfli:d 'iighti~" wi~hI a mallet urnil 'vh€ cut has reached 'lti 12: IP r,o P er d!Sj)1.ti_

'Ty'PM; '!fit c;hlsels In.dLldl! (frQi'lrllrdb' to riwn~ aJ 1r::~m'ingJ ch.'lD! used [or rouQi" !fltinFti.fJg ,of !\jFli\'tiioaii; a ~aii woodl chiS'e{; t'Ui'i' .Iignt-dwJty wood Daii"ll-' Itlg;",a ['Ii'jOFt"~ ,ctJi:5!al. 'f.u~ kaffliiig h.ifigl;i1 andl ~O'k ftliw.:lti$ei:l; a, m~SQtj'J':!I, ohi5'E!n, lor clA'!ing, ~tl;;llle ~rtig maiotmry; ,effie aJ OOId cniael. wi'ticn il;l rfLiEde of oolid ~ree.J ar~g~!ll !!..!tea fm o!tilill1l:,l '~h~~n l'i1Ie~::JlI",

2 M~f;j9~, ooii"l~ Q~ [paii',a!l0j d'€lp.~h cuts ~ ~part across th!l n'iiJIIo iIlse. wl~h Ihe c'h Joo I; hm:ld ,aI, ,a, 45'" angle, IlJlr'i'i2: ~h@ clli&ei with I !g'h I: m.aI!!3:'I: bloiHS' W 1110' hilil'ldle.

3 ~ mil: CINaSt.ii CI1~P,S by Il1tUld"iFlg I th.€l dllS11l1 at ill! ~ ~f!lgll1'l with 11"19 ba'l~IM 's d9 Imvmd -rftG work ~rfa~ D~' tile' ,cl'iis.el ,lJEillg ilght fla'fldl P[o€:SSl.iro.

M aterial chronlory prawsm au o~klnl

IUH~ :iii under to r®movil.lJ.JllWantea material aM ere,ale a snoooth 'firnish, This rand'IJ~bilal sander is 'Lised in gooerai ,i!ljJ}plic~1tons' 'ltJat flB14lJl{lQ f'l1If1dlLii'lTllb In_il;1aii,l"ij ~f'I~ing_ Tnt;!; Qrnt~j ~iQn combrfl@s a elrcuJar ~!li~3i;1rn wi!h $ioe-tg,.-!!liCIi;i rnLiIliOO_ IJnlik~ diso

PO'!HeF $;;Iftd~i!g 1001$ sha;p~ and Sffloolin wood1 and olher titijldr~g matf'ri~ls in prepaf~Uion rOt' painting ·and 1lin~hing, Camenle:s also use Iflem lDF F€flIDvlng E1nrmdl 8Jl'IDUm.s o~~ mat!3li"i8!], Finish sanders ('opposite p@g€:" top) a.r'~ b€$t 'folf Ijg ht to fIf'Iadlurn sanding a nd 'for ach~e\!',ing very smooth '5t!rr~es, l3eJlt senders (O'pposil'e' !page', benom Jen) ~re, su[t.ttble, fm most iNOfil< inYdlvi~g i'Ough. 'r,eM refl'lOv.tiil cd malm1al, For '¥ety 5rmal~. int~icaloe., or oonlrored areas, send! by hfmd with r'olded :sandpap.er or a sanding brock. ~ use fjrili-

mOJiJfI ted! :sanding acceescrles ~,op'po~te page, 'OQtt(Hil rightjl,

s:wders, ranO'Qrtri orbit !Sarbde.-!3 1e-aVE! no >c·rCi.!t~r m~rkjllg~" and ~~r-e's no ne-aQ. to ~OIliJW' tM gl".ailf! ~ 'ttl!! wood, ·8i3;(ld ngl dlscs are avalhabre 'W\tn ,hoo-1v .and-!J.oop' 'fIiSl1fj!l~rn or pressure 'Seflsilivf: a;ilhesive. .spOflQ£I applicarors and aoeessones .ami a'i'aJla'bl~ for: tM.i~riflQ and .~plylng pasta· wa;.:~.

When $anding i;I: F04.Jgh '!.!IQri;:pi~!ha1: ~ql!JiFe's a 'firle 'fIni@!h, beg:in sanding 'i.'ii(h. a 100000F grit sandpap~r, SIO'ii'ly move u p W a higner grit to, a~hieva the, ~irlish yQU want, Melli!Jm 5enditl(g ~ob~ fl'prmafiy consist 01" iihree sanding ·Sctep.s; coarse,

rn~diu-m. and fin@,. -

S;a:rlJ(Jllng 15 P9:IF'lst'-alking wor:k. Ta-lea your lim~ aftO' d-o i~' Ii'~ght tile ~r6.: ~nme'. H you auempt to (;~t CQr~ ners whePJ sanding a p.:r,oiec~~ you 'Nill see i~: ~n Ihe lend f'e"Stilt.

NoTE: SaJilde~s create airbii)/fl>9 partiGles or materiat Cilfll$icie;r buying a sender llhat has a dust OQIIBC1:iOJ!l [bag" and al'WaYs W~@I" a dust mask ,~nd @yi3' PFOi~c~ion_

Ma t lal chroniory praw rn autorskirn

Fln'lsh! tSEmIlI~, STeI ,I!IHigned for ,[obs, that Ifeq:uL'l!e. medium" ~:o ligtlt~duty sanding to 8£hie\l€' aJ fine ifm~ ish. TYP9S ol'flrtisn sande~ incl!Jfd&: .3-11"1-·1 !SaFlcLG! 'fILII" 'finiSn' sanrlifl{li. mad3ufiliI material. reFl"OCl'l'ai. £ilrnd ~e~all work fA;: tFadl~ioi'l.aii ~ilffli$hI :!>2IFildB'1 'for liniatlii~ lal'gE!t

arMs (IB): aet.ail s.anrtel!' ibr detail ,"«k (.c): and ~hm sander 'flJil smaller-scale lin ish W!JfK 8Jr!d 'BfI£Y iJIlJUleF aeoiJSS ~)_ Th!l d{l~ail !sarJd!:lf Is alse [mal Wi IiXIllsl'F ii'ilQ .aJl'Id sctu:h'bing ~ wtlem li~ted wltn the appropjjg~_e ;;II::ic~SSOi'i~.

RelinOWI material mrom Ifarge 1iIFBi!i~ "Iui$iy wi[ft ,~ bei!. :aa:ndar- OispoG~ <i3h'i9 beilsate a"'i;iJilabla Ifa]~gifig' ~roml 36 ~a);trl!i-~r$a) ~I) 100· Cline). ~ beH ~i'1Idif1jg ia It:!iOl'le wilh ~h1a; 9 :aif'l_ HD'W~r. i;lsii®'!g' ~E;rO:S~ II1H3I gli~ii'l ilEi· Ian ,1}j]!X~j'i/€'~ 1.0 mFl1Q'I1i!: m~~rlai 'from roI,l9~-I'It;·Mij'~-h..iml:1i9f.

San!!U!l~1 _~"$OfiBt!l fgr ~~. driln~ ~liii:=h.id!i';!l (1~bf:~I'frOFf'i t.Q@ Iriglflt)·: {jIisit:: ~11IC1~r f-CJF iast ~I'ltdirn!;ll. sanding ·dFl!,J~. a.J'j~: liar;.; ':;';;i.1lders tel, E:r'rJQQih ,c9n.~Qurad ~1i.3C:"EI~_

M aterial chronlory prawsm au Dr"lklnl

Ch::OI!f11 s:~dpo:llpt::r wiltll Q 's:tIIrtf-:biiliS5ll;r:: ltu!J.Isn 10 FeI"'l'Xl'o'i:! 'SEI'itd1.iS1 and. gr It !.hal, Offi I L.-lc;g ~h9 sanepaoer ~,J1d r't:lduGEI 11i::i EiI1st:l1c"!jilmE!'S.~.

Maiko yo..1J r ownl ~I'QI:II si!I'n!l:kl'l' flJe' ~'I'I OOJilII\g 'd' 00 d c.ot."'I [.Q.u rs, Wi I'.g

a W l:angl h 0'1 ~" Wilod~r; dowet and R 'j" :5.irip 01 clo1n-oocke:~ sandpaper, such as that used for sanding belts. To rnaae tne flap 'SanCie-r, cut a 1" deep slm down Ins CQn~Gi' 01 the dtr\ .... el. 1Hb-1-:tQ11lB me :MFIP of r::JOU"l~()~ !i.a.r~oIp.a.pel' n~o 'iJ"ie;!;.~ i=~t..ln.g ~he i!ikI:ted erni51 (}t lhe dtM.'i?l, wrap ii1e- $.!:IntiOfIpt;:I[ s~np emuM 1f'1e ~I in e, clai::~\'h'i8e 'tlirac:i!lDl'l. A1ta.ch ine 1Lap ~~nder no .a PQv,rer ~I'm

=x~nd liht!: me'm'a, S.i!lfidlif'l;Q liJBij~ by ciei:Lfm"lQ i! wlll"I an QI.d l€illJ"Iis 5F"tOO l:11at "IEII!:i.a n.tI.utaJ rubber oo,\e. Turn 'Ihe :!i.artd~l Qi1 and presa the ~1)1e or ~he- iilhC€il i;lg.;;:jin~l1he- ool~ f.:;:cr ,p ~~ ... 5'eOOr'lO!;l Wood !;II,;I5l 'jl",ap.ped o,et\!ieel'1 !ile ~ri1 011 th.,e ~BJ1diJ"!g bE;!l~ Wi I

Cl 'ng '0 1he- :#ic;e 50 rubb;er sole

Mat rial chroniory praw rn autorskirn

'~~tftg ~ne ed~'~ Ii ~ '!'i\i!!hl,a bert _ ~!i!if!i;l'er, :01a1fiilp. it lbetweet'! 'lWlll!iteQ~ !O~ m:rap ru~f '~IJ! EJl!B'lterrt U-e belt OOJiide'f :~ wlJ!'blblill1~ ,!l_nd F!lJundJ.. f!!TiQ dli 'blie eC!ge~.

Un fir;.lIr1t HiPS. ~J1idpap'iH Of1Ilhilrdwood 'NDorfrig, afi~ Ii'J .grind dow-n oo.dly :scr~tch!l!!d surfaoos~ Mo,",!) ~anmr ,eOJlOOS i!h!ill ~la1n '1m ~i.tlc~gt iJle{lfIWfii~t

Utse 1 ~t 'tifne' sar!lIjpapell" ~o PU~' a :srnooth~i!'1iish ctn ~ :s.urt!a.ces, use'line SE!Jfildpa:per. to prepare '/~ a~r1ia,Qe:5; 'for $!:i!ining er [Q el'l'i.lW'!.h w.eJ board jojn!~:.

U'.Ie '1 oo.gr~: lear,H aandpaaer lor ~FLitiaI smocitlYfI_{ll G~' wood_ MiJiJ& HlI8' sander IlIIIlhe dlrec:1fm~ oHtili1 wood grain no ac.hlaV€! 'ltJe gjfjOO~t\{:S!: :i!iurf.aolJ;..

-1 IU~' :M~!'fi i~~HJne el!!il1-~peF tlJ ~th i91I~ill'E!dI ~~d oefCre' vel!li~Mig '[),F ,be1~eil ~tEl !I)'i !o'errllen,

M ateri al c h ron I any pra we m au D~~k I m

Clamps

V"r:se-s 8Ji1d clamps ar'E! used to' hold 'W'Grkp:i€lces in place dur'ing ctl:ttill'lg or oth~r ta~ks, and to hQ1dl p-i~ce--s IQgether whi'le [g~ue, sets,

Your wt;ir~bench should incrude a heavy.du~:y' CaJIpellll.er's vise. iF.or s~ac:iany ~larmpjng.iob.'S. a, wide \f,ari~1y o~ e;la~ps ~f!I\e availabie, inCriJdln~ C-cl~mps, ,locking ItJlieJs,. haJi'dse~eI,iV5, web Clamps, 0[' rai'C tiieMvpe clamps,

[For lcla.mpirt.g 'J!.i'id'i;! .stook, I"I~ 'Pap~ clan'l~s.; or bar QI~mps (QPP~S~l\G page). The ja'!'VS O<f pipe G!amptS ate O,~FiFieet'edJ bly a s~.eel pipe, The d;smnCe' be'[ween 1.he jaws, is. 'limited only [by ~he lengilh £If' ilne pipe,

IPfQt~t ~pi~e :~l!.! rtfra~~~. by padding the jaws Q' c:1E!..l'ITlp~. Metal jaws can d.rirnag:e V'lCrkpiiece.s, Use a 00 glue gLJI"! to allacil protecth.le pads mad':-s' 'from; t~t, pJ.as,.. '00 CB.!DS lmm 'l'ilm canisters, I).f ..:small scraps of wood.

chroniorv prawern aulorskim

IU. h8im:lls~!i'iI"i: to !holdl FmiiBrlals 'l.'(!gi0tl9€lr at v~Jb.Js an 9 ti3s, 'Wtiirfl' gillie' is d: !iiFil~. ,HiaflO$!:irli;lws erB \'i.!COOElf'll (:f';!I'nP!;l wi~n t~adjl~1jn~1 scr,g,w,s. libe' Jam wani'~ "damage' '!oycodl s.unac--€s,_

U:se ra~hgt~ 'ci~rnp$, 'l'Q 'Diamp 8i ~PIEiC!B l3jui~ ali1D ,e;aSily., lSirge :rQ'L\t:llet-~~ ·clamp9 ~rIi i5pan I"Ip ttl ,~, ~t.! 800 can ~ higfiitE!!'ie<l 'i\'i~tl one' !\arlU mile SlJ'ppmting 'tile wO'.l"kpieC€' 1NIilt! the rn.h ~T oond.

lUBe: ,C'.CI am;p5!; 'fOl' clBm.pll)g jobs frOO"l 1 [06". To pr.otl2ellNOrl':.m pie(i~s. ~ia..tie sc:r~p w~ ~i~k:s :between 'tI'~, Jffi!.iS. Cir Ute' ~alif'lp and the wmkpieG:€( surtaae,

H~'dll~l iwgrkip:~ wiU~ ~ipe '~l;Im"plSl or ~Ii c1arnoo. Itil'~ cl'.3~ ,i;J,it,e- ao!d ~ 'b1ie Ibets. Pipe C!i:!mp ia-we at~ ~ailable tiD '!it it 'CiJ 'iir cI·_ ltJtie'i:er pipe, ,elr any ~liiigth',

~am.IjIi' MIge molding" toll the, si'dte, of sh!1lv~. ~abl!il0pS, or otl1~ 'Il~l SLIIF~aciBS ,",i~h .hr~'I.\iay (il'amps. A, ~rn~ee-w.a.y Cla;mp, ~laS. tl\r,e;e, th.!.Jm'bsorewfJ~ Pad ilhe jam 10 protect H~ workpmoa

M aterial chronlory prawsm au 0: jklnl

\N'hern a ca.flP~ry proiect calls for ill tool that )'00 don't own. yOILi need t.O decide wtJe~rner its ~lOrth the, investment to bury it Good quality tools can be ,~» lP!!iIfisW€:; making pur'cha£~$ tt.ard 10 jIJsti1\l if you won't 00 US~l1Igl thsrn ot[~n.. Ftor thasa typ~s ofl tools. F.antin.g. may. be; a better optioo,

A wide S!ss.ormmento. . tools. rn~ c.ludi ngl the ones fea~ur,ed on 'Ii\@~ pag~! are availabhB at r-eruaJ center-s at ,a reasonable ¢o~t. Reli!ting gives YQij an op.-· j:)Oi'lUnllll to ~y a too! tha~. you·re, c~File.idla~lng buyill.g, and gl\lies yOu aooe~ to toOls you 'W(iul'd nevel' consider b.uyklg. such :JiS a j8ckhamm€!lf. Iflat m8;Y rnakE: a sp~cific prO~CI' ~si~r.

Whem yOiJ reflil IOOls,. edwar{9 ssk for ·the, acoompanying O:WrJer's manuel and a tiernoo::::dm.~ 'ilion of the toor's operetion, You'll sav'D tim0 'Dill :lim Job and! avoid Lmsaf'€l (Ii [nnprGper usa,

Mlanv nElntal tOOl's 6:if<0 a,v.aj,l~bl~ by the heur rather. ~ha.n by d1e day .. Whafilireming by tl1e twur, prepare your '!voli:; erea prior .0 pic.kmQ up mhe l\OO~ to mini i£9 r,€!nlal COS"~S.

iii. hlmmer' chili COI1'1b.ii'1i~ rrnpac~. ~c.1icn wlih t10tary mallon for ~Lilc~ ~i'Ig n OO'iDrarte alia !'Eil.a.:!:O '1. To fnirnil"fiiZ.8, ouat atia to. keep !bits ~rom overtitaatilig, ~ylJ)rica1-e tna (filling :Site' iI:-LI1 water. A ttalliifflEH d: ill can tie I..I3ed . or 'CGIrmt·etltionaJ d'tilling when ina motor is $IiiIt 'riOr ~ary .:;.r;c!ion Qf'll:..' (~ge ij l),

Ma rial chroniorw prawern autorskim

,A. pneuma111l:: nailat' uses compre!3~ed air .tQ dJiWe nailS! or ~aple8 intO' wO!Jdl, maJ!:.ifJg It i!!J very effiaf-erilt ,ca~i'i'try tooL A naii~F '~rB~ up 009 tJaflotll m hold $~k in ~b whiie YW ,cclilrcl the 100 wlttl ~he o'iJM¢ hi!~. $Qf,n1;!l m;floais are Ge:!ilgi'li3d f.or fr~mii\ig!;

OUMeo.r·e rOlf tJr!iSii 'Wtitk.. .

A.[PQwi!lilljoo.l!'Q"tWt'Md MI_ ql:Jlckl~' d~ ~c:ia1 hardit!fIj9d-;sooei rtEli~s ithro.ugh ~lmingl or studs fflla eon(:rete. A lil'ig~lEIii-a,c:livatedi !fIarl! Qi,li'i ($t1O'!Nri) i::. 'e'2Isiest lID use, .but -a-lpIIJf!Qf!r Iype. ac1Ji¥ated wnen tie too! i!Zl !Struck 'Wiilil ,8. hammer, is, B'!so a ... ail!!!ible. Ask tM rental ag.errt 1:0 ~sHat-e.· pr~r !ll!se of ~Jhe ~oo. N'OlE 1he:~j]1 tools are loud ~Ild [~nlll~ WOOF t1Je-a~g PIf(!,. 1.a~1ruFi aoo EI!t9 ~9liiJOT'lI arJ~' ~lnle you use, them

A. i'e(;ipr~t1~ :9!iIW is oa._nven'ie1iit fgr _ilJlIg' ~gn cuts ;illi ,«~Jl5: or ·1100t.!Zi. wMre ,ft cjrculBll :5ti"« 'ffOt!ldJ 00. dll~lcu[t 10 use, Of' ·ror ;D!JtiIf.ng' me~a's· lik_e Iron ~ldl!lijbirng pipiEl$ (If :t' Ikfg bol~s. Al'1!cipmcalin.g :saws· ~.'I€ '1Mn~ dllring '~8 defi"i'lotitl00 ·stafl~· ,01' a· ifarp.0ntry proJoct A 'oo~ ~eiPrii"OOa1i.flg saw .eM~rs ,oosV porlabiii1y and et"I4f~~f1 '~D\Ve1 kit ~fldif.;ti many· s~il.;oc.s .

•

,A .. i8CIMWgI!II!l ean 00' IJSfldl 'htl~I'dY!U 'y.otI Il!a.~ a I <n{! €I. fKIF11)'beFl 0' :SCii'El'mllo drl'ln:!.lbl1~. ils. rnaln iPUIpOS& is diivlf\g ~r'Elws, tnto w£lilboardl wi&iol1i]: t~11irtg iUrle '(ac,.ing pEi;pell". The tool;5Ii1ignl)'··sefl~IM·'o.l!.!l:oh ~gJ~~ ga.ges ooce the screw ~!3, t!mpred tM ~!I~~ard·'5 Sl.lf~ac~; hel.pirtg yoo ihall)!} waflboord restef,. cleaner. and I1lDIl"{I ~cur,aI!lI~_ If you. hta\lEl a tJig wa11boara pro.1901'. a screwg!iJf1 li"rJay be. ,8. -\!V{ji1~i'iIiIQ I 1'tiKIf.ltn'Kl nt.

M atorlal chroruony prawern aLlto~klln

Builldb~g II Work'bench

Th~s workbench has heavy.dUly h~gs; to sepport hig loads; 81'ldi a sturdy dOL.!lbfe-18~ to{:I to wi1lh· ~~nd PCM .. mdJng. 'CoW'l In~ top, with a hardb091\dl SlIJ1aQ~ that ~an be removed when it bec~$,

Key Pieces Si~e ud 1~.striptio.Jl1.
A ' • I'ta1~Id IDp, ~a ... ,ga-
B _2 plY' .... oood top, ~4 60'
C ..!! ~:-t: <1 o~~g_ 21'
0 ~ :2 ;tt; ,II leg8. ~g'!o!'
E" ~ 2~4~,:M •
F .!I :2 :!I 4 1e;;!8 ,. •
G .3 2' 1I b["ijfie:3, 54'
H 2 ;.t Ii ~anl (l~' braes. 51"
'1 .... pty.\~~~, foll.:?: 5T
J PW.oOO st'CIf ta::f.(, gj:.!51"
If;" 1 1 ;...,.., b~p, ffiO" d'amagoo'- BUild a sh~lf b~k!w 1M work sur~ae~1 'for :s!o~iillg PO-'IIIer tool$. n~' ~sjred. mount sn al]~ purpQ~ "",lisa O!f! to;P of ~~ W(;irkooflch.

EyerVl~~ng Yj)u Need:

Tools: Circ:J.JIi3f ~ ;carperuer's SqUia1€i, dr I !lad bUs, in~Ju~ing St.;rnwd.riv.ei.t)iIS, il3jnh'fiJ~ 01 adjtJstable 1'm!1lGh. ~I naiJ WI.

M2It9~ifI,I$~ Wallbllard screwa~l~, 2~~, and ;?), lag seraws (1~' arid SOl. 4!:1 finish nalls,

Lurrbst LlSl.. ,six s.-'fl ,~ x .¢s, 'ElI"!j3 5-'[1... 2 x 6~ QflSI ; i.: Il-fl" sIfl~at of if,· p~~, one 4 It sft. sheet cl i':" pL~, one.r;J, ~ B-l~ sheet CIt

I 'G fFIard~. OOIS [!Jatt. 1 ).: 4.

M ateri al c h ron I any pra we m au a9J,k I m

Cut ~wo pr.eC!*'i of (:, D, E, and IF 'kif eacll enlJ Qj the bench. Assemb~ them w~lt1.2t.r wallboard se [19 i!'f&.,

G ~ia.i;F! M1P12 x ~ rear IDrat:e:; (G, G) loold!) i1he. ~ ba(:k 1i3~8 .of tMI ,a£_SElfflbIM oEIli'fids. 'u.Sinjd :2~' wallooard sor,ewi;l.

'!i

4 [lirirj pilot nClIe.s a~ j(in flte ,Z x 6hOti.l upp~r _ b/,!!!.Ce (H) ou1~~e .tyee 'frQllt leg!3 'Y.iitl!l3! lag ::YC 1i'EW>5.

Mat rial chronlory prawem autorskirn

5 Center ~M' bottom I.ay€F of W

I pl~d "NOr1!c; $ll.Jnace 1(9} on top of 100 1F3~_ .AJlgn 1f1!} ply·· wood iffllh thil back edg9, dJ,ai!N ii, Iraf'Elil'El,~e line lor' driving '!fle n~il$, ani:! 'faatelli [t I'm p!ac-e' wfih 4d1 m;i16.

B ~Iigl!'l fhe OO,lfoon and tQP l\aY€'fs I -of p~ood work slJr1iace (8, i3)i., and dr~.aJ Il'~j'@re:nofli li:n~ all~ :t' ci~1l' to '!.he; edge, '00, ar'ii(lid !he li"I~ii$ in 'itle 1u.et Uayer. [j~lv·e :)' wall~rd 60rev.r8, throogtl OOih ~r~ and illto tfle benoo trame,

8- ~.ai1[Ofil1f1t;!i wM ~~ orne. end Ib)~ tns baI"lCh __ On the bef1iCti. 'top, ili\a~ 1i01~ 11'01' th\S!, ¥ise ba~- !3:ore W P'ih~t Ihole~ i!l'lO ·tihe be-liell iOP.

7' " NarI ttfe hardboard work sur, race I(A) te Ire plyNooq, slllb~ ,strate (8. 18,) with 4d lifllsh il'Iails_ Set !he ~i:I$ b~ !he $_l!Jrt~8_

Ma erial chroniorw prawem au o'Jjklln

F®ld melal s~wJ'mli,sel;;and MI"QI 'i.tJ!lffl on tllG worKsrunp VillI! whE:lj'l11h~ ero j10~ il~ 'i..lse

Sa~ffioF$!Zs provid~· a g~:ab.~ INQrk :S1!"JrfaC@I '!hat O8l!'1l SiUppo:rl ma~f:lri'aIl!S d lI~ng marrking :aiild' cut~~ng. Tlt!~ can aliSo J'Cirm ~he' ba~e [\Or t'emporaF)!' scali~dling to use wllil-e ios~alling wallboard or ceiling pane:!s:, For SCf!Jrfoldrngl, place str~gJht, 2:"X las. Of' 2:;,,;; 1 2s EDFOSS a: pair of heavy-duty' sa~hG15!es (~H)r A wld\e ti:.'p ~ OOS~ 101 ~;LLppOiflif'iig l.arge; loags. Small break-down sa~hots-e!:l. are, ;tl! goM chDice i~' storage spaD~ ls limlted_

~ Shill ;~ n:~ 1[!iPi;!il1 P I1Jti h

£ Vtrheal t;ra~, l 4 1~ •

:2 To:c rB~, ::? ;<..4 ~oE"

eIoilQrt'l br~ :;1)0, -li) .!lB·

HdrizonLBJ br"aoer!i, ;2,:;.,;..'1 "

Everythir'!! Yo!'] Need

T!Ja~s:: Circular saW, tape measure, :5.Gre'!N gbJI~ Of cordless SClB'il.ldri'l,llElF.

Mamr~als Four :B~fi, :2 )( 480; :2 1f,' wall CLOOn;j 'S;(:" rews,

BllIr~ DI\i!"Clki!i!t!!: m.a.di£! f:rorn flberg~.@ss or m;atal and cut a >4B-iF'ii:tI ttIp ~fli1 and 'f'a!.1lF 26· leg:; 'f,~~ ,2 )oj; 4s_ Di:;as.semble aa.'i'i.'I~aFSE:la, rOt· :Slor~g~.

Matsnaf chroniony prawem aulorskirn

MeaIll,llre and ,ctJE' the 'ifBrnk:al bra.Qe3, top r,a;]s" and benern br-aDB 10 :tJle l€flgths spfcifioo in'ioo' Cuniilg llst ~QPposl~:e lpag;ec) usljl'lg a lap81 m€Q8LJi\81

anifll a 'cifC'Lit~r saw" -

3 Atlacl1 the_ti!p~a~s to the y,~iG'aJtmroe:s, as 800'Nfl. !.J_smgl2~ wallboard -SJJ['f'!'ts.

2 ~_ -~ tiLe cillt:ul;3jr!saw ~_:o a. rr'"' be'!'el angr.e·. (Be.v.el cuts, !.i'iiI1 matclliJ ttre arng!® stJawn 3bo'o'e.) CUll ~lle loocis, ,of tile' ooll'iz.oota! braces wilh opposing aflgkm~ Cut 1m, eJl~ or Ui'le IfIgs.·mltJ .::.Imllar atI9~S-

4' ~um;n tI1e_hor,i~~1 b[ooes.o ~T!e vernleaJ _ _ . _. braees .. -L!$tng 2;'-{ w.aIlboord oorem. AtlUoh a pau of. ~gs to i!hiil' i'fiorl~oolal braces and tMI'li to 'ttl€! bf'8OB' at each end. O!Jmplete: the 'sawhorse b~' a'Uacnil'1lg 'nhe bottom Or,ace iI.O tlhe InQflzon.taJ braces

M atorlal chroruony prawern au Ot$§I'tIITI