ChE Calculations 1

Special Topics
1. It is a process of comparison between an unknown quantity and a known
quantity
a. Measurement
b. conversion
c. dimensional analysis
d. dimension
2. It is a property that can be measured
a. Units
b. measurement
c. dimensions
d.
magnitude
3. The numerical values and units of quantities maybe added, subtracted,
multiplied and divided to produce any combination of units.
a. True
b. false
c. incomplete data
4. It is the ratio of two units of the same quantity numerically equivalent to one
a. Conversion factor
b. unit ratio c. dimensional ratio
d.
base units
5. What is the equivalent of 0.088

kg cm
2
s

a. 23
b. 32
6. The derived unit of force in CGS
a. Newton
b. dynes
7. What is the equivalent of a 2

in

lb m ft
min2

c. 15

lb m ft
s2

c. ergs

d. 10
d. slug

force in lbf?

a. 2
b. 19.6
c. 2/32.174
d. 39.2
8. Every valid equation must be dimensionally homogeneous: that is, all the terms
appearing on both sides of the equations must have the same dimension.
a. True
b. false
c. lack of data
9. Those operations in which change is brought about by means of or the
application of physical forces is known as:
a. adiabatic
b. unit process
c. isothermal
d.
unit
operations
10.It is the removal of one or more soluble gases from a mixture of gases by
treatment with a liquid such that material is transferred from the gaseous phase
to the liquid phase.
a. adsorption
b. absorption
c. filtration
d.
crystallization
11.It is the process of cooling that produces a saturated solution.
a. adsorption
b. absorption
c. filtration
d.
crystallization
12.A unit process in which a material is burned in the presence of air and is
accompanied by the emission of light and generation of heat.
a. thermal cracking
b. combustion
c. oxidation
d.
calcination
13.When a component in a solution is recovered by adding another solvent
a. combustion
b. pyrolysis
c. extraction
d.
thermal
cracking

14.It is a process by which a dilute solution is concentrated by removing a

considerable amount of the solvent
a. evaporation
b. drying
c. distillation
d. filtration
15.The process by which the raw materials are charged to the vessel at the
beginning of the process and the vessel contents are remove sometime in the
future.
a. steady-state
b. continuous
c. unsteady state d. batch
16. If 1 L of ethy alcohol is mixed with l L of water, how many kilograms of solution result? How many
liters? Sp. Gravity of alcohol is 0.789 and water 0.998.
a. 1.787 kg, 2 L
b. 2 kg, 1.787 L
c. 1.787 kg, lack data d. lack data, 2 L
17.What is the most commonly used reference substance in measuring the specific
gravity of solids and liquids?
a. air
b. water
c. mercury
d. all of the above
18.The presurre of a liquid at the base of a column is also called hydrostatic
pressure
a. true
b. false
c. Lack of data
A solvent storage tank, 15.0 m high contains liquid styrene (sp. gr. 0.909). A pressure gauge is fixed at the
base of the tank to be used to determine the level of styrene.
19.
a.
20.
a.

Determine the gage pressure when the tank is full of styrene.

134 kPa g
b. 235 kPa a
c. 1.32 atm g
d. a, b and c
What will be the new pressure with hexane (sp. gr. 0.659) to indicate that the tank is full?
96.9 kPa g
b. 126 kPa g
c. 202 kPa a
d. 49 kPa

You have a gas mixture containing 30 kg CH 4, 10 kg H2, and 60kg N2

21.Determine the percentage (by mass) of H2.
a. 10%
b. 30%

c. 60%

22.Determine the mole fraction of CH4.

a. 0.42
b. 0.21
c. 0.79
23.What is the average molecular weight?
a. 22.18
b. 11.09
c. 8.05

d.

90%

d. 0.1
d. 12.52

24.At what temperature will the Celcius scale equals the Farenheit scale?
a. 40
b. -23
c. -40
d. 77
25.The number of particles in 1 lb mole
a. 2.73x1026 b. 6.02x1023
c. 3.01x1023 d. 2.73x1023

26. The waste acid from nitrating process contains 23% HNO3, 57% H2SO4, and 20% H2O by
weight. This acid is to be concentrated to contain 27% HNO3 and 60% H2SO4 by the
addition of concentrated sulfuric acid containing 93% H2SO4 and concentrated nitric acid
contain ing 90% HNO3. Calculate the weight of waste needed to obtain 1000 lb of the
desired mixture.
a. 418 lb
b. 390 lb
c. 192 lb
d. 130 lb
27. A steady state process is a process in which conditions remain unchanged with time.
a. True
b. False
c. incomplete date
28. Batch process is a steady state process.
a. True
b. False
c. incomplete data
29. Continuous process is a steady state process.

a. True at all times b. False

c. true but it begins as unsteady state
30. A paper mill ships to a Texas distributor 12,208 lb of paper. A sample carefully taken at
the mill is found by analysis to contain 4.28% moisture. A similar sample taken at the
destination by the distributor shows 7.88% moisture. What should be the weight of the
shipment as received?
a. 12,700 lb
b. 12,208 lb
c. 12800 lb
d. 12008 lb
31. An aqueous solution of NaOH contains 20% NaOH by mass. It is desired to produce 8%
NaOH solution by diluting a stream of the 20% solution with a stream of pure water.
Calculate the ration L H2O/Kg feed solution.
a. 2.5
b. 1.0
c. 1.5
d. 2.0
32. A liquid mixture containing 45% benzene and 55% toluene by mass is fed to a distillation
column. The product stream leaving the top of the column contains 95% of benzene while
the bottom product stream contains 8% of the benzene fed to the column. The volumetric
flow rate of the feed stream is 2000 L/h and the specific gravity of the feed mixture is
0.872. Determine the mass flow rate of the overhead product stream.
a. 978 kg/h
b. 766 kh/h
c. 1744 kg/h
d. 915 kg/h
33. In the processing of fish, after the oil is extracted, the fish cake is dried in rotary drum
dryers, finely ground and packed. The resulting product contains 65% protein. In a given
batch of fish that contains 80% water, 199 kg of water is removed, and it is found that the
fish cake contains 40% water. Calculate the weight of the fish cake originally put into the
dryer?
a. 120 kg
b. 130 kg
c. 140 kg
d. 150 kg
34. You are asked to prepare a batch of 18.63% battery acid as follows: 200 kg of
77.7% sulfuric acid solution is added to a tank with weak old battery acid
(12.43% sulfuric acid) to produce the desired battery acid concentration. How
many kilograms of abttery acid have been made?
a. 1910
b. 955
c. 2110
d. 4220
35. A crystallizer contains 6420 lb of aqueous solution of anhydrous sodium sulphate
(concentration 29.6 wt %) at 104 C. The solution is cooled to 20 C to crystallize
out the desired Na2SO4. 10 H2O. The remaining solution ( the mother liquor) is
found to contain 16.1 % anhydrous sodium sulfate. What is the weight of this
mother liquor?
a. 3330 lb
b. 3100 lb
c. 1650 lb
d. 4500

36. Two tons of 25% solution of NaNO3 is concentrated to saturation at 100C by evaporation.
The solution is then cooled to 20C. The crystals of NaNO 3 are removed by filtration. Onetenth pound of solution adheres to each pound of crystals. After drying, the NaNO 3 in the
adhering solution is deposited on the crystals. The solubility of the NaNO 3 is 1.76 lb/lb H2O
at 100C and 0.88 lb/lb H2O at 20C. Calculate (a) the amount of water evaporated to achieve
saturation at 100 C and (b) the total weight of NaNO3 obtained.
a. 2432 lb, 523.4 lb
b. 4864 lb, 1046.8 lb
c. 200 lb, 523.4 lb
d. 2432 lb, 4000 lb
37. A gas mixture containing 25% CO2 and 75 % NH3 is being scrubbed with an acid solution to
remove the ammonia. The resulting gas mixture contains 37.5 % NH 3. What percentage of

the original ammonia has been removed, assuming that the CO 2 remains unaffected and that
no part of the acid solution vaporizes?
a. 8%
b. 80%
c. 100%
d. 10%
38. Skim milk is prepared by the removal of some fat from whole milk. This skim milk is found
to contain 90.5% water, 3.5% protein, 5.1% carbohydrate, 0.1% fat and 0.8% ash. If the
original milk contained 4.5% fat, calculate its composition assuming that fat only was
removed to make the skim milk and that there are no losses in processing. What is the
%protein in the feed?
a. 2.9%
b. 3.35%
c. 6.7%
d. 4.1%
39. A tannery extract mangrove bark contains 4% H2O, 37% tannin, and 23% soluble non-tannin
material. The residue removed from the extraction which contains 62% moisture, 2.8%
tannin, and 0.9% non-tannin material. What percentage of the tannin in the original bark
remains unextracted in the residue?
a. 10.95%
b. 7.95%
c. 8.95%
d. 9.95%
40. The feed to a unit consisting of two columns contains 30% benzene (B), 55% toluene (T),
and 15% xylene (X). The overhead stream from the first column is analyzed and contains
94.4% B, 4.54% T and 1.06%X. The bottoms from the first column is fed to the second
column. In this second column, it is planned that 92% of the original T charged to the unit
shall be recovered in the overhead stream and that the T shall constitute 94.6% of the stream.
It is further planned that 92.6% of the X charged to the unit shall be recovered in the bottoms
from this column and that the X shall constitute 77.6% of that stream. If these conditions are
met, calculate the percentage recovery of benzene in the overhead stream from the first
column.
a. 56.7%
b. 45.2%
c. 84.6%
d. 68.4%
41. A feed of 10,000 kg soybeans is processed in a sequence of three stages or steps. The feed
contains 35% protein 27.1% carbohydrate, 9.4 % fiber and ash, 10.5% moisture, and 18% oil.
In the first stage the beans are crushed and pressed to remove oil, giving an expressed oil
stream and a stream of pressed beans containing 6% oil. Assume no loss of other constituents
with the oil stream. In the second step the pressed beans are extracted with hexane to produce
an extracted meal containing 0.5% oil and a hexane-oil stream. Assume no hexane in the
extracted meal. Finally, in the last step the extracted meal is dried to give a dried meal of 8%
moisture. Calculate the percentage of protein in the dried meal
a. 76.9%
b. 67.9%
c. 37.8%
d. 85.2%
42. What is the principal advantage of the mole concept?
a) It allows us to know the number of atoms or molecules in a sample of a known pure
substance if we know the mass.
b) It allows us to know the mass of a sample if we know the volume.
c) It allows us to know the mass of an unknown sample if we know the number of moles.

d) It allows us to know the volume of an unknown sample if we know the number of moles.
43. A compound containing only H and C is completely combusted to yield 24.0 L of H 2O and 22.0 L of
CO2. What is the atomic ratio of carbon to hydrogen?
a) 0.545
b) 1.09
c) 2.18
d) 4.36
44. Oxygen and element X react to form a compound that has the formula X 5O2 and contains 11.72 g of X
per 1.00 g of oxygen. What is the atomic mass of element X in amu?
a) 375 amu
b) 188 amu
c) 75.0 amu
d) 37.5 amu
45. Consider the following equation. __C6H14(l) + __O2(g) __CO2(g) + __H2O(g). When this equation
is properly balanced, the numbers that fill the four blanks are
a) 1, 19, 6, 7
b) 1, 19, 12, 14
c) 2, 19, 6, 7
d) 2, 19, 12, 14
46. All of the following are true about a balanced equation EXCEPT
a) It always tells the exact manner in which elements and compounds in the equation will
react.
b) It is necessary for doing stoichiometric calculations.
c) It can be used for determining chemical equivalences.
d) It is a useful method for describing the nature of a chemical reaction.
47. What is the simplest formula of a compound that contains 52.2% C, 34.7% O, and 13.0% H by mass?
a) C4HO3
b) C12H3O8
c) C4H13O2
d) C2H6O
48. All of the following are true concerning the calculation of the formula of a compound from the
percentage composition of its elements only EXCEPT
a) It is assumed that the atoms of the elements are combined in ratios of reasonably small whole
numbers.
b) The calculation can be based on the idea of starting with 100g of compound.
c) The actual molecular formula can be calculated.
d) The relative ratios of the numbers of the different atoms in the compound can be determined.
49. Which of the following cannot be determined from the molecular formula of the compound C 5H12?
a) The molecular mass
b) The mass percent of the compound that is C
c) The mass percent of the compound that is H
d) The density of the compound
50. What is the theoretical yield of SO 2 for the reaction of 10.0 g of O 2 with sufficient S for a complete
reaction?
a) 40.0 g
b) 30.0 g
c) 20.0 g
d) 10.0 g
51. Which of the following is true concerning the calculated theoretical yield of a reaction?
a) It can be greater or less than the actual yield.
b) It tells you exactly how much product will be produced in a reaction.
c) It is used in the calculation of percent yield.
d) It is higher if the reaction is run carefully.
52. O2 will react with N2 to form NO2. What is the maximum yield in grams of NO2 that can be obtained
if 10.0 g of O2 and 10.0 g of N2 are reacted?
a) 7.2 g
b) 14.4 g
c) 16.4 g
d) 32.8 g
53. CO(g) reacts with H2O(g) to form CO2(g) and H2(g). What is the percent yield if 1.8 g H2(g) gas is
formed starting with 50.0 g of CO and 40.0 g of H2O?
a) 50%
b) 41%
c) 78%
d) 100%
54. Which of the following is always true concerning a limiting reagent?
a) It is the reactant present in the smallest number of grams.
b) It is the reactant present in the smallest number of moles.
c) A very slight increase in the amount of the limiting reagent will result in an increase in the
theoretical yield of the product.
d) Increasing the amount of the limiting reagent by any quantity will continue to increase the
theoretical yield of the product.

55. Sulfur can be recovered from the hydrogen sulfide removed from crude oil deposits, a process known
as sweetening, by roasting in air and using the sulfur dioxide initially formed to push the reaction to the
final product:
H2S(g) + O2(g) H2O(g) + SO2(g)
H2S(g) + SO2(g) H2O(g) + S(s)
The maximum number of kilograms of sulfur that can be isolated per kilogram of hydrogen sulfide
entering the process is (Hint: Are the equations balanced?)
a) 0.67 kg
b) 0.71 kg
c) 0.75 kg
d) 1.5 kg
56. If a 1.000 g mixture of Cu 2O and CuO is quantitatively reduced to 0.865 g of Cu then the mass of
Cu2O in the original sample of the mixture must have been:
a) 0.174 g
b) 0.250 g
c) 0.258 g
d) 0.742 g
57. Methane is burned completely in theoretical amount of pure oxygen gas. What is the Orsat Analysis of
the flue gas?
a. 100% CO2
b. 20% CO2, 80% N2 c. 15% CO2, 85% N2
d. 10%CO2, 90% N2
58. The maximum number of kilograms (kg) of CaO produced on heating 1.0 kg of CaCO 3 is
a) 0.56 kg
b) 0.44 kg
c) 0.40 kg
d) 0.12 kg
59. When 2.70 grams of Al reacts with excess Br2, the maximum mass of Al2Br6 that can be produced is
a) 8.10 g
b) 26.7 g
c) 239 g
d) 267 grams
60. A sample of an iron oxide weighing 14.8 g is heated in a stream of H 2(g) until it is completely
converted to iron. If the iron produced weighs 10.36 g, the percentage of oxygen in the original oxide
must have been:
a) 14.3%
b) 30.0%
c) 70.0%
d) 85.7%
61. Carbon is burned completely in theoretical amount of pure oxygen gas. What is the analysis of the
flue gas?
a. 100% CO2
b. 80% CO2, 20% O2 c. 50%CO2, 50% O2
d. 80% CO2, 20% CO

I MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE

Write the word TRUE if the statement is correct, otherwise modify the underlined words to make
the statement correct. (3 points each)
1. When the fresh feed consists of more than one reactant, the conversion can be expressed
for a single component, usually the limiting reactant, or the most expensive raw material
2. The most important application of recycle for systems involving chemical reaction is the
recycle of reactants, an application that is used to decrease the overall conversion in a
reactor.
3. Overall conversion depends only on what enters and leaves the reactor
4. Single pass conversion depends on what enters and leaves the overall process
5. Purge is used to maintain a concentration of a minor component of a process stream
below some point so that it does not accumulate in the process
6. Bypassing means that a fraction of the fresh feed enters the process in advance of the
feed to the process
7. A trace component in a stream or produced in a reactor has a negligible effect on the
overall material balance when recycle occurs
8. Recycle represents amount of material that leaves a process unit that is downstream and
is returned to the same unit or an upstream unit for processing again
9. 100 g moles of A combines with a recycled 900 gmoles of A and is then fed to a reactor
where 100 gmoles of B is produced based on the reaction A2B and is completely
separated with reactant A in the downstream process. The overall conversion is 100%

10. 100 g moles of A combines with a recycled 900 gmoles of A and is then fed to a reactor
where 200 gmoles of B is produced based on the reaction A2B. The fractional
conversion is 5%
II PROBLEM SOLVING
1. In the case of fluids, the local heat transfer coefficient (h) for long tubes and
using bulk-temperature properties is expressed by the empirical equation

0.023 G0.8 k 0.67 Cp 0.33

h=
0.2 0.47
D

where G = mass velocity of fluids,

Btu
2
h ft , Cp = heat capacity of fluid,

lb
ft 2 s , h =

Btu
lb , k = thermal conductivity,

Bru
h ft , D = diameter of tune, ft and = viscosity of liquid,

lb
ft s .

Convert the empirical equation into SI units.

2. A solution of sodium chloride in water contains 1 g NaCl per 4 g water at
33oC. The density of solution is 1.127 kg/L. Find the a. molarity b. molality c.
normality d. kg solute/kg solution e. mole fraction of solvent f. ppm of NaCl
3. A gas mixture has the following composition. C 2H4 = 30.6%, C6H6 = 24.5%, O2
= 1.3%, CH4 = 15.5%, C2H6 = 25%, N2 = 3.1%. Find (a) average molecular
weight (b) composition in mass percent (c) density at STP