BAR CHAR Each activity is represented by a bar; the position and length of the bar reflects the start

date,
duration and end date of the activity. This allows you to see at a glance:
What the various activities are? When each activity begins and ends? How long each activity is scheduled to
last? Where activities overlap with other activities, and by how much? The start and end date of the whole
project? To summarize, a Gantt chart shows you what has to be done (the activities) and when (the schedule).
Advantages of Bar Chart: - time-scaled; - simple of prepare; -can be more effective and efficient if CPM basedstill the most popular method; -bars can be dashed to indicate work stoppage; -can be loaded with other
information (budget, man hours, resources).
Disadvantages: -does not show logic; -no practical for project with many activities (a small group of activities,
summary schedules).
PERT - The Program Evaluation and Review Technique is a network model that allows for randomness in
activity completion times. PERT planning involves the following steps:
Identify the specific activities and milestones. Determine the proper sequence of the activities. Construct a
network diagram. Estimate the time required for each activity. Determine the critical path. Update the PERT
chart as the project progresses. PERT is useful because it provides the following information: Expected project
completion time. Probability of completion before a specified date. The critical path activities that directly
impact the completion time. The activities that have slack time and that can lend resources to critical path
activities. Activity start and end dates.
CPM Critical Path Method - is one of several related techniques for doing project planning. CPM is for
projects that are made up of a number of individual "activities." If some of the activities require other activities
to finish before they can start, then the project becomes a complex web of activities.
CPM can help you figure out: How long your complex project will take to complete. Which activities are
"critical," meaning that they have to be done on time or else the whole project will take longer. Critical Activity
an activity on critical path; any delay on the start or finish of a critical activity will have result in a delay in the
entire project. Critical path the longest path in a network from start to finish.
PDM Precedence Diagram Method - Precedence Diagramming, or the Precedence Diagram Method,
alleviates the difficulties of combining the representation of sequence and duration. Precedence Diagramming
was originally referred to as activity on node. In Precedence Diagramming the activities are identified by
nodes or blocks. The sequence between activities is shown by arrows. Early start the earliest date by which
an activity can start (Early Finish can be completed). Late Start the latest date by which an activity can start
(Late Finish needs to start before it will delay the projects completion date). Finish-Start: In this dependency,
an activity cannot start before a previous activity has ended. Start-Start: In this dependency, there is a defined
relationship between the start of activities. Finish-Finish: In this dependency, there is a defined relationship
between the end dates of activities. Start-Finish: In this dependency, there is a defined relationship between
the start of one activity and the end date of a successor activity. This dependency is rarely used.
Types of float: Total float (TF) the max. amount of time an activity can be delayed from its early start without
delaying the project TF=LS-ES; TF=LF-EF; TF=LF-Dur-ES. Free float (FF) - indicates maximum delay from early
start of an activity without delaying the earliest start of any of its immediate successor activities.
ADM Arrow Diagramming Method - Also called activity-on-arrow (AOA) network diagram. Activities are
represented by arrows. Nodes or circles are the starting and ending points of
activities. Can only show finish-to-start dependencies.