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Introduction
The Kostanjek landslide is the largest landslide on
south western hilly zone of Medvednica Mt. and
belongs to residential area of the City of Zagreb. It is
activated in 1963. due to massive uncontrolled blasting
for mining purposes and excavation in a marl quarry at
the foot of the hills.
Geological model of Kostanjek was developed by
Ortolan (1996) and it is in use even today as a base for
design of remedial measures. According to this model,
Kostanjek is a complex landslide with three sliding
surfaces: (1) sliding surface with maximum depth of 50
meters on lithological contact between thickly (massive
marls) and thinly (marls intercalated with limestone)
bedded marls, (2) sliding surface with maximum depth of
65 meters along thin layer of clay in thinly bedded marls,
and (3) sliding surface with maximum depth of 90 meters
on the contact between thinly laminated clayey marls and
coarse grained rocks of Sarmatian. That model was based
on the correlation of data from four boreholes. The main
criteria which he used to define that model were
lithostratigraphical identification of sediments and
plasticity index of marls.
One of a key point in the investigation and
interpretation of landslides is the role of mineralogical
composition in physical and mechanical properties, and
sensitivity of landslide sediments to swelling and sliding.
Therefore, the aim of this paper was to investigate
mineralogical composition of sediments from Kostanjek
landslide area which is one of the pilot areas in the frame
of CroatianJapanese joint research project on Risk
Identification and Land Use Planning for Disaster
Mitigation of Landslides and Floods in Croatia.
Whole investigation will encompasses the following;
(a) review of existing data, (b) mineralogical analyses, (c)
chemical analyses, (d) interpretation of analytical results,
and their (e) comparison with results obtained in
engineering geological laboratory. In this paper it will be
represented the existing data carried out by Balen (1975)
and Slovenec (1989) with a new mineralogical data
obtained from 17 samples from Kostanjek borehole (B-1).
J. Martinevi, S. Mihali Arbanas, S. Bernat, M. Krka, . Miklin, L. Podolszki Mineralogical composition of the Kostanjek landslide sediments and
its possible influence on the sliding and swelling processes
Geological background
From geological point of view the landslide body is
developed within Miocen sediments. They are
characterized by great vertical and lateral lithological
diversity, mostly of marls and sandstones, as well as
gravels, clays and limestones (clasticcarbonate
succession).
Miocen sediments are covered by Plioquaternary,
gravely silty and clayey sediments with variable thickness
in the top part (0-10 m).
clay
78,8
65,5
61,8
57,0
62,0
49,4
51,6
64,6
48,5
56,1
51,9
49,3
43,2
52,6
35,9
81,7
55,3
calcite
4,0
33,1
24,7
44,6
42,9
31,2
43,6
41,7
44,8
49,0
55,4
44,0
63,5
11,1
40,0
quartz
12,9
22,0
19,6
9,9
8,3
2,9
1,8
4,2
7,0
2,2
3,3
1,8
1,4
3,3
0,5
4,7
4,8
feldspar
8,3
12,4
14,5
dolomite
5,0
3,1
3,5
3,1
6,5
Figure 2.
K1
K2
K3
K4
K5
K6
K7
K8
K9
K10
K11
K12
K13
K14
K15
K16
K17
Illite and/or
muscovite
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**
**
**
*
**
**
*
*
*
*
**
*
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**
chlorite
~
~
~
~
~
~
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
~
*
*
kaolinite
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
smectite
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J. Martinevi, S. Mihali Arbanas, S. Bernat, M. Krka, . Miklin, L. Podolszki Mineralogical composition of the Kostanjek landslide sediments and
its possible influence on the sliding and swelling processes
References
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Ortolan, . (1996) Development of 3D engineering geological model
of deep landslide with multiple sliding surfaces (Example of the
Kostanjek Landslide); PhD thesis; Faculty of Mining, Geology and
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characteristics of sediments from SLOBODA quarry in
Podsused); Department for mineralogy, petrology and economic
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University of Zagreb, Zagreb, p.56.
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