Sludge gasification

Cristina VALEAN
DEGREMONT

Definitions

Pyrolysis, Thermolysis and Gasification are all

heat processes used to break down organic
matter and carried out in the partial or total
absence of oxygen.
The products created are :

a solid fraction, called "char",

a gas fraction, called "syngaz".

Few or no oxides (SOx, NOx) are produced because

the reaction medium is a scavenger.

International Symposium on Environmental Technologies Applied to Sewage Sludge

October 2-3, 2007, Montoldre (France)

Definitions

International Symposium on Environmental Technologies Applied to Sewage Sludge

October 2-3, 2007, Montoldre (France)

Definitions

Thermolysis : total absence of air, with a temperature

between 350 and 550C ( thermolysis is an
endothermic process)

Pyrolysis : a little air (strictly regulated) to start

breaking down organic matter (CO, etc) with a
temperature between 400 and 750C; these tend to be
long molecules (6 20 C)

Gasification : the same process as for pyrolysis but

at a slightly higher temperature (between 750 and
850C); these tend to be shorter molecules (1 - 4 C).

International Symposium on Environmental Technologies Applied to Sewage Sludge

October 2-3, 2007, Montoldre (France)

Thermolysis Pyrolysis Gasification

with production of syngas

International Symposium on Environmental Technologies Applied to Sewage Sludge

October 2-3, 2007, Montoldre (France)

Pyrolysis Gasification with Post-Combustion

International Symposium on Environmental Technologies Applied to Sewage Sludge

October 2-3, 2007, Montoldre (France)

Installation design Reactor type

Rotary reactor with indirect heating: Waste Gas

Technology, Thyde
Circulating fluidized bed: Lurgi
Fixed bed combined with a roaster: Thermo
Select
Vertical fixed bed: Lurgi
Multiple hearth pyrolysis reactor: Nesa

International Symposium on Environmental Technologies Applied to Sewage Sludge

October 2-3, 2007, Montoldre (France)

Installation design Reactor type

Rotary reactor with indirect heating:

Waste Gas Technology, Thyde

International Symposium on Environmental Technologies Applied to Sewage Sludge

October 2-3, 2007, Montoldre (France)

Installation design Reactor type

Circulating fluidized bed:

Lurgi

International Symposium on Environmental Technologies Applied to Sewage Sludge

October 2-3, 2007, Montoldre (France)

Installation design Reactor type

Fixed bed combined with a roaster :

Thermo Select

International Symposium on Environmental Technologies Applied to Sewage Sludge

October 2-3, 2007, Montoldre (France)

Installation design Reactor type

Vertical fixed
bed

International Symposium on Environmental Technologies Applied to Sewage Sludge

October 2-3, 2007, Montoldre (France)

Installation design Reactor type

Multiple hearth pyrolysisgasification reactor : Nesa

International Symposium on Environmental Technologies Applied to Sewage Sludge

October 2-3, 2007, Montoldre (France)

Multiple hearth pyrolysis- gasification reactor : Nesa

International Symposium on Environmental Technologies Applied to Sewage Sludge

October 2-3, 2007, Montoldre (France)

Water treatment evolution and impact on sludge

production
Increasing sludge production

1.

Various disposal and recycling option

2.

Reinforced and improved agricultural recycling

perspectives

3.

Reduce ultimate waste production

4.

Project in phase with sustainable development policy

(reduce energy consumption, emissions, )

International Symposium on Environmental Technologies Applied to Sewage Sludge

October 2-3, 2007, Montoldre (France)

Sludge Pyrolysis - Gaseification

55C

Pyrolysis
reactor
Dried
sludge

850C

Pyrolysis
zone

280C

Post
combustion

Flue gas
treatment

450C

Air

Fixed carbon
oxidation
zone

Air

Energy

Dryers
Mineral residue
Recycling

Ash

International Symposium on Environmental Technologies Applied to Sewage Sludge

October 2-3, 2007, Montoldre (France)

Discharged to
the atmosphere

Energy balance internal production covers 90% of

the energy required for the 3 dryers
Sludge pyrolysis oil
flue gas
exchanger

Air condensation

Dewatered
sludge

Oil circuit 260C 300 C

Oil air
exchangers

Recirculated
dried sludge
Mixer

Biogas from
digestion (50%)

Burner

Direct dryer drum

Dried sludge separation

and particle size grading

and / or
Natural gas (10%)

Dried and
granulated sludge
to storage

Re-use of heat produced by sludge

pyrolysis (40%)

International Symposium on Environmental Technologies Applied to Sewage Sludge

October 2-3, 2007, Montoldre (France)

Fines and dust

to pelletisation
and then storage

Thank You
International Symposium on Environmental Technologies Applied to Sewage Sludge
October 2-3, 2007, Montoldre (France)