TEAM INTRODUCTION

Greetings! We are from Cakrawala team; Ardela Ari Wibowo, Fadli Bakhtiar Aji, Nisa
Aziza, and Wischa Tsaniya R. Cakrawala or in English are called Skyline or Horizon has a
meaning of the line along which the surface of the earth and the sky appear to meet. We
choose cakrawala as our teams name because cakrawala represents our point of view to
see things between two categories, which in this case we would like to combine two
different disciplines, industrial engineering and mechanical engineering into one to make an
extraordinary product.
Our team decided to make a stove that will be very useful for all travelers, mountain
climbers (mountaineers), back-packers, campers, and any other outdoor adventure. Our
versatile stove is eco-friendly, for it produces less smoke as we are using gasification
technology and biomass combustion. This stove is also able to generate electricity using
thermoelectric technology which can be used as a source of electrical energy.

BACKGROUND
Indonesia is a vast equatorial archipelago of 17,000 islands extending 5,150 kilometers
(3,200 miles) east to west, between the Indian and Pacific Oceans in Southeast Asia 1. The
islands are mountainous with dense rain forests and some have active and non-active
volcanoes. With these beautiful wealthy natural places, Indonesia has become the tour
destination for many domestics and international travelers.
Minister of Tourism and Creative Economy, Mari Elka Pangestu, said the number of
foreign tourists visiting Indonesia during January to March 2014 reached 2.2 million people,
an increase of 10.07% compared to the same period in 2013. In March 2014, the number of
foreign tourists reached 765,607 people and the average tourist arrivals per month during
the first quarter of this year approximately 740,000 people. Many of them stated that the
main reason they come to indonesia is because of holiday reason. For example, in 2010,

Source:http://travel.nationalgeographic.com/travel/countries/indonesia-facts/, accessed on 27th June 2014

06:25

92,9% of Australian tourists as the third with the most tourists in Indonesia stated holiday as
the main reason to come to Indonesia2.
Outdoor travelling such as camping, hiking and other related activities is a way of
recreation worldwide. People come from around the world to discover the beauty of
Indonesia. To feel all that adventurous activity, traveler have to travel in long distance path
mostly on foot. Sometimes they have to camp in the woods or other outdoor places
because of the length of time taken to reach that certain places.
For Indonesian people themselves, to be on vacation out of town or camping outdoor
become an interesting thing to do. Nowadays, technology development contributed to the
variant and sophisticated camping gear sold in the market. Gadgets and portable electronic
devices have become a must-brought items as entertainment while adventuring.
The main problem of gadgets and portable electronic devices brought to camping is
the energy source. Some gadgets and portable devices today cannot be separated in their
everyday activities, the people who are camping and the traveler will need energy sources
when the battery of their electronic devices are running out. Carry a spare battery or a
power bank might be able to provide a solution, but if the amount that requires to be
charged are a lot, and the backup battery also runs out, it will cause the problem of shortage
of electricity sources. Besides, using power bank or back up batteries is not so environtment
friendly.
Therefore, our team makes an innovation i.e. Biovolta-S (Biovolta-Stove). Biovolta-S is
a biomass stove that can generate power source. Biovolta-S can be a solution for the
traveler and naturalist to be the energy source of their electronic devices, especially in
places that are far away from settlement where it is difficult to get a power source. This
stove will generate electricity from the heat of the combustion process when the stove is in
use and can directly charge our electronic devices. Biovolta-S is very useful for travelers and
naturalist who enjoy using gadgets as a complement to their hobbies.

Source: http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Lookup/4102.0Main+Features20Sep+2010, accessed on

26th June 2014 22:41

PRODUCT DESIGN
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
Biovolta-S is a tool that helps travelers cooking activity, especially hikers and
backpackers who love to go on an adventure. Biovolta-S is a field stove fueled by biomass.
This stove uses gasification technology which is able to reduce smoke due to incomplete
combustion.
Biovolta stove is not an ordinary stove, it also can generate power whilst you cook.
Unlike solar cell that can generate power only when there is sun, our stove can generate
power anytime, be it day or night.
Basically, Biovolta-S consists of two parts. The first part is the gasification stove and
the second part is the generator module (thermoelectric generator). Thermoelectric is the
kind of generator that use thermal energy directly into electricity. This generator system is
placed under the combustion chamber thus the optimal temperature and durable enough
to withstand biomass ember. In other words, as long as the fire is lit there is electricity.

Figure 1. Biovolta Stove (Biovolta-S)

Figure 2. Pact Biovolta-S

PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
The stove consists of 6 parts which are combined into a camping stove system with
total dimension 211 mm x 150 mm. Each part in the system has specification as follow:

Part 1 (Protective Tube)

This part has a cylindrical shape and is made of
aluminum with a thickness of 0.5 mm. It acts as a
barrier to protect the fire from wind. It is also used to
protect the user from heat due to combustion.
Figure 3.Protective Tube

Part 2 (Combustion Chamber)

This part has a cylindrical shape with and is made of
aluminum with a thickness of 0.8 mm. It acts as
biomass combustion chamber. At the top and
bottom of this part there are holes that served as the
entry points of air into combustion chamber so it can
produce a complete combustion.

Figure 4. Combustion Chamber

Part 3 (Thermoelectric)
This component is the most important component of
the power generation system on Biovolta-S. This
module is capable of generating electricity when
given the temperature at the top (hot side) and cold
temperature (cold side). This temperature gradient
results in the difference in voltage and creates
electricity.

Part 4 (Heat Sink)

Figure 5.Thermoelectric and Heat Sink

Heat sink is a passive heat exchanger that cools a device by dissipating heat the cold
side into the surrounding medium. The fluid medium that we use is water.

Part 5 (Water Cooling Bucket)

This part is used to intercept cooling fluid (water) as
the TEG generator systems cooling.

Figure 6 Water Cooling Bucket

Part 6 (USB House)

This part is a box for USB port. It is used to pass on
the electric current from Thermoelectric to cell
phone or any other electronic device. Inside of this
part there are 5 DC converters which keep the
voltage stable, about 5V, thus can be used as the
power source.

Figure 7. USB House

3D SKETCH OF THE PRODUCT

Height: 133.5 mm
Width: 150 mm
Figure 8. 3D Sketch of Pact Biovolta-S (dimension embedded)

Height: 211 mm
Width: 150 mm
Figure 9. 3D Sketch of Biovolta-S (dimension embedded)

INOVATION POINT
The idea Biovolta product derived from the problems that currently occur in real life.
Energy efficient is the primary requirement and is very important for human life today.
Therefore, the development of Biovolta is concerned and based on the problems and is
designed for possible solution. Before getting the solution, we analyze the cause of the
difficulty of getting energy when traveling in recreation activities.

Figure 10. Ishikawa (Fishbone) diagram to analyze electrical energy difficulties during travelling

From the diagram above, we can see that the problem occur are mainly because of
the natural place that has been preserved like rainforest and other natural places. Other
factor affecting the problem is the capability of human when they travel on foot and can
only carry less items. In that case, efficiency of a product is an important key in designing a
travelling aid. Therefore, we see this as an opportunity to develop Biovolta-S to be the
solution to meet the problem. Furthermore, there are not such thing that is available in
Indonesia. So it makes Biovolta-S as the first portable stove that can generate electrical
energy.

Figure 11. Biovolta-S FAST Diagram general function

After obtaining the causes of the problem, we analyse into more deep solution that
can be offered by Biovolta-S. The main goal of using Biovolta-S is to ease outdoor traveller
when they travelling. From the FAST Diagram above we can see that Biovolta-S has the
advantage on its function by combining and using efficient items. When outdoor traveller go
for several days in a long distance trip they have to bring all the stuff needed to survive,
because not all the equipment are available in the nature. To ease outdoor travellers there
are many kind of backpack sold on travelling gear shops. But not all the items can be carried
in a single backpack, so travellers have to bring the items that they most needed. Biovolta-S
combine two function at a time. It makes Biovolta-S more efficient to be carried than using
other kind of stoves available on the market.

Figure 12. Biovolta-S FAST Diagram

Figure 13. Biovolta-S FAST Diagram

Subsequently, Biovolta-S can provide excellence in the space needs. The advantages of
Biovolta-S is because of its practical form and can reduce the fuel needed, so it can reduce
the content of the bag. Moreover, Biovolta-S is providing the power source that can not be
found in nature in easy way.
The superiority of the product not only comes from its multi-function, but also the
ergonomic design. Until now, there is not any ergonomic portable stove that available in the
market or in industry. Biovolta-S, besides offering functions, also designed in accordance
with human needs and characteristics. The ergonomic design help user to use it more
convenient, so traveller will obtain more productive manner when they use it. Other
innovation that is offered by Biovolta-S is listed below.

Green Energy
By utilizing biomass energy that is abundant in nature, especially Indonesia, we were
able to participate in the energy savings of oil and gas that are usually become a
standard camping stove fuel.

No fuel carrying
Because this stove is aimed to all naturalists, backpackers and other travelers, we
especially design a stove that uses biomass energy, where all kinds of plant products
(branches, leaves, coconut shells, etc) that can be burned to produce heat. So you do
not have to bring any fuel with you.

Charging device
This stove is equipped with power generator TEG (Thermoelectric Generator) based.
Thus, this stove can be the solution to your power battery shortage problem when
you are on your trip. It is also equipped with USB port. You can always connect your
gadget by using USB cable with requirement of 5 Volt electricity current.

ERGONOMICS ASPECT
USABILITY
Biovolta-S has two primary function, for cooking purposes and charging gadgets. The
small dimension of Biovolta-S makes it easy to handle. Biovolta-S also provide efficiency of
energy, because the wasted energy from cooking is modified into useful electric energy.
With two different function, the person can decrease the amount of stuff carried. They can
also eliminate regular stove and its fuel from their bag that usually encumber users.
We breakdown the usage of Biovolta-S into two main activity category, handling and
using. Travelling required handling or carrying stuff as an important task during the activity.
Handling not only constitute carry-activity, but also include the activity to undo Biovolta-S to
be ready to use and resemble it again into the pack form. Use activity means the activity
when someone using Biovolta-S to cook and charge batteries.

Figure 14. Handling flowchart

Figure 15. Usage flowchart

From the flowchart above we analyze that the main activity that involved the most is
the activity on the ground when the stove is being used. For safety reason, stoves are
usually used on the ground when using it outdoor to mitigate contact with combustible
material. Using ErgoFellow software, we analyze the usage of regular portable gas stove and
misting (a common handmade stove for emergency situation used in woods). Those stoves
is 9,14 cm height in average. When using those stoves, Indonesian user has to bend for
about 610. With RULA analysis, those stoves have a score of 5 which means investigation
and changes are required soon.
Biovolta-S is 21.1 cm in used position. The height of the stove is suitable for
Indonesian with the average height of Indonesian people 165 cm.3 When using Biovolta-S,
users are only have to bend for about 20 0. With RULA analysis, Biovolta-S score is 3. This
means that it is a better design compared to two previous stoves, but required further
investigation.

Figure 16. ErgoFellow interface for trunk position

Source: antropometriindonesia.com/index.php/detail/artikel/4/10/data_antropometri (Table1)

accessed on 28 th June 2014 20:54

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ANTHROPOMEMTRICS
We apply physical ergonomics in our product design by using anthropometry to get a
comfort and safe product. Anthropometric analysis is applied to get the dimension of the
stove height when it is in use. We use Indonesian people anthropometrics, both men and
women over 17 years old.

Figure 17. Anthropometrics Aspect

Table 1. Categorized Anthropometrics Data of Indonesian People

Source: antropometriindonesia.com

The Biovolta-S has 21.1 cm of height, adjusted to elbow height of Indonesian people.
So, when in use users elbows forming an angle of 70 o-90o. Biovolta-S has 15 cm of width,
not too wide for an easier way to carry. We made this as comfortable as possible so that
when the stove is in used, the users arm will be less fatigued.

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Aside from the elbow, ergonomic stress area also present on the neck. The height of
our product has a difference of about 50 cm with the eyes height on sit position. Thus users
of Biovolta-S have to bend their neck with an angle of 10 -20. This angle may not be the
best condition to work, but the effects that it causes are relatively small. Users will stay
comfortable since the preparation of Biovolta-S does not take a long time.

Figure 18. ErgoFellow interface for neck position

Biovolta-S has a top diameter of 12 cm. We research the dimension of camping pots
nowadays, which is about 13 cm, to determine the top diameter of our product. Biovolta-S
is equipped with 3 vessels to support the weight on it during use so as not to easily fall or
shift. Moreover, Biovolta-S has a cylindrical part that acts as a barrier to protect the fire
from wind. It is also used to protect the user from heat due to combustion. So it is totally
safe for the user to move the stove while cooking. When not in use, you can undo Biovolta-S
into pact. It will reduce the height for about 36%; making it much simpler and easy to carry.
You can even put it into your bag.
Our product is an eco-friendly product. The fuel is easy to find because we can have
it from the nature. Pollutants resulting from the combustion process are also relatively less
than the existing biomass stove. By using gasification technology and biomass combustion,
it produces less smoke and complete combustion. This is certainly good for eyesight and
respiratory health of users and also produces less CO and CH4 gases due to burning by the
help of H2 produced by biomass burning. By minimizing CO and CH4 gases, it can reduce
the damage to nature, because these two gases are the cause of the greenhouse effect.
SAFETY, HEALTH, AND ENVIRONTMENT
Biovolta-s is safe to use with a top diameter of 11.5 cm, wide enough to support the
weight above it when in use. Furthermore, our stove has a cylindrical part as a barrier to
protect the fire from the wind and to protect the user from heat caused by combustion.

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When not in use, Biovolta-s can be undone into pact form, thus its easy and safe to carry
while traveling.
Our versatile stove is eco-friendly, for it produces less smoke as we are using
gasification technology and biomass combustion. It is certainly good for users eyesight and
respiratory health and also produces less pollution that can harm the environment.

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