IELTS WRITING

Source: IETLS-exam.net

Quang Ngo

Writing test

PART 1. WRITING TASK I ACADEMIC

I.
-

Write Introduction
1. Three possible ways to start
Refer to the visual directly
E.g.: This graph shows the population of Canada from 1867 up to
2007.
** This method is not advisable, since the instructions in the IELIS
test will normally give you just this information. If you copy
directly from the paper you are wasting time, since the examiner
cannot assess your English from a copied sentence.
Refer directly to the main message conveyed by the visual
E.g.: There was a sharp increase in the population of Canada from
1867 up to 2007.
** This way is perfectly acceptable, and shows that you are able
to recognise the main concept or message that the graph or table
shows.
Combine the two
E.g.: The graph shows that there was a sharp increase in the
population of Canada from 1867 up to 2007.
** This is also acceptable, and is often used as a convenient way
to start.

2. Introduction Expression
The
shows/indicates/illustrates/reveals/represents...
It is clear from the graph/table...
It can be seen from the graph/table...
As the graph/table shows,...
As can be seen from the graph/table,...
As is shown by the graph/table,...
As is illustrated by the graph/table,...
From the graph/table it is clear....
Starting

The given
The
supplied
The
presented
The shown
The

graph/table

Presentation
Type

Verb

Description

diagram / table
/ figure /
illustration /
graph / chart /
flow chart /
picture /
presentation /

shows /
represents /
depicts /
illustrates /
presents /
gives /
provides /

the comparison
of
the differences

the number of
information
on

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provided

pie chart / bar

graph / line
graph / table
data / data /
information

describes /
compares /
figures / gives
data on /
gives
information
on / presents
information
about / shows
data about

data on
the proportion of

the amount of

3. General trends
In general, In common, As is presented, Generally speaking,
As is observed, Overall.
Example:
-

In general the employment opportunity has increased till 1970

and has dropped down afterward.
As is observed, the figures for imprisonment in the five
mentioned countries show no overall pattern of increase or
decrease rather shows the considerable fluctuation from country
to country.
Generally speaking, USA had far more standard life than all the
other 4 mentioned countries.

4. Comparison / Contrast
a bit / slightly / a little / only just / approximately / about / almost /
precisely / quite / nearly / considerably / a huge / a great deal / quite
a lot / completely / exactly
Example:
-

This year population growth of the country is slightly larger than

the previous year.
This year population grown is almost twice than 2007.
Sale of the company has increased quite a lot this year.

5. Conclusion Expression
To draw the conclusion : In conclusion / To conclude / On the whole
To Summarize : In short / In brief / To sum up / In summary
Examples:
-

In conclusion, third world countries have improved their

production sectors like: garments, over the last 10 years whereas
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the first world countries have improved their technology and

research sectors in the same period.
In brief, the overall sale of the company has improved in the last
5 years except 2005 when the sale reduced significantly due to
retrenchment.
6. Warnings
Avoid using the phrase: according to the graph
The expressions as can be seen from the graph or as is
shown/illustrated by the table DO NOT contain the dummy
subject it. Avoid these expressions if you think you are going to
forget this unusual grammar.
Avoid using the word presents. It requires a sophisticated
summarising noun to follow. (For example: The graph presents an
overview of the population growth of Canada between 1867 and
2007.)

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LINE GRAPH
I

The first to know

1 Verbs of movement
Soar
(v.)
(soared/soaring/soars)
= to increase to a high
level in a very short
time
** Soar is probably a
more extreme term
than rapid increase
or steep increase

Plunge (v.)
(plunged/plunging/plunges)
= to fall a long way in a
short time
** Plunge (and plummet) is
only used when there is an
extreme fall.
Plummet (v.) (plummeting
/ plummeted/ plummets) ~
Plunge

Plateau (v.) (plateaued) = to stay at the same level over a period of

time, especially after increasing significantly

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E.g.: There was a

plateau in the share
price between 1995
and 1997

Level off (v.) = to stay the same over a time, especially after a
period of increase.

Fluctuate (v.) (fluctuated/ fluctuating/ fluctuates) = to move up and

down repeatedly over a period of time.

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Double to (v.) = to increase by

two times over a period.
** Doubled from is used when
looking backward

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Bottom out (v.) = to

remain at the lowest
level for a period of
time
** Bottoming out can
also be written as a
noun (Ex: There was a
bottoming out of the
share price between
1995 and 1997.)

7. Trend
Upward Trend (adj. +
n.) = overall up and
down
movement
of
something over a long
period of time in an up
direction.
E.g.:
"Although
the
share price fell in two
years of the decade
there was still an
overall upward trend."

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Downward trend (adj. +

n.) = the overall up and
down movement of
something over a long
period of time in a down
direction.

E.g.: "Although the share

price increased in four
years of the decade there
was
still
an
overall
downward trend."

8. Recover
Recover
strongly
(v. + adv.) = to
improve by a large
amout after having
fallen previously.

E.g.: "There was a

strong recovery in the
share price after 1995."

Recover slightly (v. + adv.) = to improve a small amount

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E.g.: There was a slight

recovery in the share price
after 1995.

9. Noun
Movement

of
Rise (n.) = a higher
movement, an
increase.
Increase (n.) = a
higher movement
Improvement (n.) =
a recovery, the state
of getting better
E.g.: "After 1993 the
share price rose /
increased / improve."

Reduction (noun)/ Fall/

Drop/ Decrease/ Decline
= a down movement, a
decrease or fall
E.g.: There was a
reduction in the share
price because of the poor
profit forecast.
E.g.: After 1993 the share
price
fell/dropped/decreased/declined.
E.g. The share price is in decline.
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Recovery (noun) =
improvement, the
state of getting better

E.g.: After 1993 the

share price
recovered

10.
Describe position
Stand at (phrasal verb) = the position something is at a certain
time.
E.g.: The share price is currently standing at $3
peak /
climax
touch
vertex
point

culminated /
/ reach / hit /
a peak / a
/ the highest

E.g. I think the share

price is reaching a
peak right now, and
will go down soon
E.g.: The share price
reached its highest level
for (in) there years
touch (get) the lowest point / the lowest mark / bottommost
point / rock bottom point / bottommost mark

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E.g.: The share price fell

to its lowest level for (in)
there years

11.
Adj.
Increase

Steep increase = a
quick
and
sharp
increase or rise
E.g.: The share price
increased
steeply
between 1991 and
1992

Steady increase = a
consistent increase over a
long period
E.g. The share price
increased
steadily
between 1990 and 1993

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Slight increase = a
small increase or rise

E.g. The share price

increased
slightly
between 1990 and
1993

Significant increase = a
stronger
and
more
important rise, especially
when compared to the
previous increases.
E.g. The share price
increased
significantly
between 1991 and 1992

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Sharp
increase (adjective +
noun) = a quick and
steep increase or rise.
E.g. "The share price
increased
sharply
between 1991 and
1992"

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Moderate increase = a
small increase or rise

E.g. The share price

increased
moderately
between 1992 and 1994

Marked increase = a
stronger and more
important
increase,
especially
when
compared
to
the
previous increases.
E.g. "The share price
increased
markedly
between
1991
and
1992"

Gradual increase = a small, constant increase over a long period.

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E.g.: "The share price

increased
gradually
between 1992 and 1994"

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12.

Adj. + Fall
Sudden
fall (adjective + noun)
=
a
quick
and
unexpected
drop,
especially after long
period of increase.
E.g.. "The share price
fell suddenly between
1997 and 1998"

Sharp fall (adjective

+ noun) =
a quick and sudden drop.

E.g.: "The share price fell

sharply between 1992
and 1993"

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Slight fall = a small

or moderate drop; not
a bad fall.

E.g. "The share price

fell slightly between
1992 and 1993"

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Significant fall = a large

and important drop. A fall
that shows that there is
reason for concern.
E.g. "The share price fell
significantly between
1994 and 1995"

Moderate
fall (adjective + noun)
= a small or slight
drop; not a bad fall.

E.g.. "The share price

fell moderately
between 1993 and
1994"

Rapid fall (adjective + noun) = a quick and large drop.

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E.g.. "The share price fell

rapidly between 1995 and
1996"

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Marked
fall (adjective + noun)
= a significant
decrease; a larger and
more important drop
when compared to a
previous fall.

E.g. "The share price

fell markedly between
1991 and 1992"

Gradual fall (adjective +

noun) = a slow decrease
over a long period.

E.g. "The share price fell

gradually between 1990
and 1993"

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Dramatic
fall (adjective + noun)
= a quick and large
drop.

E.g. "The share price

fell dramatically
between 1995 and
1996
13.
Split
graph

the

4
1

2
7
3

(1)
remain (-ed, -ed)
unchanged, steady, stable, constant, plateau, fixed/static
- From January to March the percentage of children using supplements remained fairly static at
approximately 10%.
- The percentage of children taking dietary supplements was relatively stable during the first two
months of the year.
- During the first two months, supplement use remained fairly unchanged.

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(2)
fall (fell, fallen), decrease (-ed, -ed), drop (dropped, dropped), plunge (-ed, -ed), decline (-ed, -ed)
slight (slightly), steady (steadily), gradual (gradually), gentle (gently), slow (slowly)
downward trend
- It then fell gradually in March.
- There was a slight decrease in the use of dietary supplements in March.
- The graph shows a slight decrease in March.
- Supplement use experienced a steady decrease in March.
- Supplement use decreased slightly in March.

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(3)
fluctuate (-ed, -ed)
wildly
- It went up and down widely over the next two months.
- It fluctuated for the following two months.

(4)
rise (rose, risen), grow (grew, grown), climb (-ed, -ed), shoot up (shot up, shot up)
dramatic (dramatically), sharp (sharply), significant (significantly), rapid (rapidly)
upward trend
- There was a significant increase in the percentage of children taking dietary supplements between
June and August.
- The period between June and August saw a dramatic growth in the use of dietary supplements.
- Between June and August, the percentage of children taking dietary supplements shot up
dramatically.
- The greatest rise was from June to August when it rose by 22% for two consecutive months from
June to August.

(5)
peak (-ed, -ed), reach (-ed, -ed)
- The percentage of children taking dietary supplements was at its highest level in April.
- Supplement use peaked at close to 25% in April.
- It reached a peak of 25% in April.

(6)
fall (fell, fallen), decrease (-ed, -ed), drop (-ed, -ed)
dramatic (dramatically), sharp (sharply), significant (significantly), rapid (rapidly)
- Between August and October, this figure dropped dramatically to 11%.
- From August to October, there was a drop of 14% in the percentage of children taking dietary
supplements.
- Between August and October, There was a considerable fall in the percentage of children using
supplements.
- This was followed by a sharp drop of 14% over the next two months.
- Supplement use experienced a dramatic fall between August and October.

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(7)
fall (fell, fallen), decrease (-ed, -ed), drop (dropped, dropped), plunge (-ed, -ed), decline (-ed, -ed),
reach (-ed, -ed) its lowest point
slight (slightly), steady (steadily), gradual (gradually), gentle (gently), slow (slowly)
downward trend
- Between October and December, the decrease in the use of dietary supplements was at a much
slower pace than in the previous two months.
- Supplement use continued to fall steadily over the next two months until it reached its lowest point
in December.
- It fell to a low of only 5% in December.

II.

Writing Samples

1 Sales and share prices for Coca-Cola.

The chart and graph below give information about sales and
share prices for Coca-Cola. Write a report for a university
lecturer describing the information shown below.

Model answer:
The pie chart shows the worldwide distribution of sales of Coca-Cola
in the year 2000 and the graph shows the change in share prices
between 1996 and 2001.
In the year 2000, Coca-Cola sold a total of 17.1 billion cases of their
fizzy drink product worldwide. The largest consumer was North
America, where 30.4 per cent of the total volume was purchased.
The second largest consumer was Latin America. Europe and Asia
purchased 20.5 and 16.4 per cent of the total volume respectively,
while Africa and the Middle East remained fairly small consumers at
7 per cent of the total volume of sales.

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Since 1996, share prices for Coca-Cola have fluctuated. In that year,
shares were valued at approximately $35. Between 1996 and 1997,
however, prices rose significantly to $70 per share. They dipped a
little in mid-1997 and then peaked at $80 per share in mid-98. From
then until 2000 their value fell consistently but there was a slight
rise in mid-2000.
14.
Acid level in mouth from consumption of
sugars/honey
Eating sweet foods produces acid in the mouth, which can
cause tooth decay. (High acid levels are measured by low pH
values)
Describe the information below and discuss the implications
for dental health.

Model answer:
Anyone who has visited a dentist has been told that eating
excessive amounts of sweets risks harming the teeth. This is
because sweets lower pH levels in the mouth to dangerous levels.
When the pH level in the mouth is kept above 5.5, acidity is such
that teeth are unlikely to be in danger of decay. Sweet foods,
however, cause pH in the mouth to drop for a time, and the longer
pH levels remain below 5.5, the greater the opportunity for decay to
occur.
By comparing fruit sugar, cane sugar and honey, which are all
common ingredients of sweet foods, we find that cane sugar lowers
pH levels for the longest period, thus producing the greatest risk of
the three. Approximately five minutes after consuming cane sugar,
pH levels drop to as little as pH 3.5. They then begin to rise slowly,
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but do not rise above pH 5.5 until at least 30 minutes have elapsed.
By contrast, fruit sugar, which causes the mouth's acidity to fall to
just above pH 4, poses a danger for a shorter period: tooth decay is
unlikely 20 minutes after consumption. Honey appears an even less
risky substance. Though acidity falls to about pH 4.75 within five
minutes of consumption, it returns to above pH 5.5 in under fifteen
minutes.
The implications, then, are that people who insist on eating sweet
foods should be aware of the ingredients, and that fruit sugar or
honey appear preferable to cane sugar.
15.

Rates of smoking in Someland men and women

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information in the graph
below.

The graph compares the rate of smoking in men and women in

Someland between the years 1960 and 2000. It can be clearly seen
that the rate of smoking for both men and women is currently
declining and that fewer women have smoked throughout the
period.
In 1960, 600 men in every 1,000 was smoking. This number
decreased gradually to 500 by 1974 and continued to decrease but
more steeply to 250 in 2000. In contrast, the rate of smoking in
women in 1960 was very low at only 80 in every 1,000. By 1968 this
increased to 170, and increased again but more steeply to 320 in
1977. The rate of female smokers then remained stable at 320 until
1984 at which point the figures began to decline and had dropped to
200 by 2000.
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In conclusion we can see that the rate of smoking in men dropped

throughout the whole period but was always at a higher level than
the female figures. The rate of smoking in women increased until
1977 but then decreased for the rest of the period.

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16.
Infant Mortality and Life Expectancy, 1970-1992
Write a report for a university lecturer describing the
information in the graphs below.

Model Answer:
The graphs show health and education spending and changes in life
expectancy and infant mortality in the UAE. Overall, as the
percentage spent on health and education increases, infant
mortality and life expectancy improve.
Graph 1 shows the percentage of GDP spent on health and
education between 1985 and 1993. There were big increases in both
areas. Health spending stood at about 8% in 1985 but rose to 9% in
1990 and 10% in 1993. Spending on education was even higher. It
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was 10% in 1985, and shot up to 14% in 1990 and 15% in 1993, a
50% increase in just 8 years.
Graph 2 shows improvements in life expectancy and infant mortality
between 1970 and 1992. Life expectancy was just 60 in 1970 but
rose to almost 72 in 1992. In contrast, the number of babies dying
dropped dramatically, from 60 per 1000 in 1970 to only 22 in 1992.
In conclusion, people in the UAE are living longer and healthier lives
because of the government's spending on education and medical
facilities.
17.
Consumption of Fast Food in the UK
Write a report for a university lecturer describing the
information in the graph.

Model Answer 1:
The graph shows changes in the amount of fast food consumed in
the UK between 1970 and 1990. Several trends are apparent. First,
Britons are eating more and more fast food. Secondly, the type of
fast food has changed.
In 1970, the most popular fast food was fish and chips. Over 300g
were consumed each week. By 1990, however, this had fallen to just
over 200g - a 50% drop. Consumption of other fast foods such as
pizza and hamburgers increased, however. The amount of pizza
eaten shot up from about 20g a week to more than 270g, overtaking
fish and chips in the late 1980s. Hamburger consumption also
increased, rising from about 80g in 1970 to almost 300g in 1990.
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Accompanying this change in the choice of foods was an increase in

the amount of fast food consumed. In 1970, British consumers ate
about 450g a week of fast food. In 1990, on the other hand, this had
more than doubled, to 1000g.

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Model Answer 2:
The graph shows the amount of fast food eaten between 1970 and
1990 in grams per person per week. Overall, the amount of fast food
eaten more than doubled.
The amount of fish and chips eaten declined slightly. In 1970, the
consumption was about 300g/week. This fell to 220g/week in 1990.
In contrast, sales of hamburger and pizza rocketed. In 1970, very
little pizza was eaten - less than 50g/week. This rose to 280g/week
by 1990. In the same period, hamburger sales shot up by more than
500%, from 100g/week in 1970 to 500 grams in 1990.
In conclusion, although there was a big increase in the consumption
of pizza and hamburger, sales of fish and chips decreased.
18.
Dubai Gold Sales 2002
Write a report describing the information in the graph below.

Model Answer:
The line graph shows estimated sales of gold in Dubai for 12 months
in 2002 in millions of dirhams. There were two main seasons for gold
sales.
The main season for sales is in the December to May period. Sales
were consistently above 200 million dirhams per month, rising
sharply to a peak of 350 million dirhams in March. However, for the
next four months, sales declined steadily, reaching an annual low of
120 million dirhams in July.
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In August, there was a sudden increase. Sales almost doubled, rising

from 120 million dirhams in July to 210 million dirhams in August.
This was followed by a drop in September, back to the July figure.
From September to October, sales recovered, from 120 to 180
million. In October and November, sales remained steady, and there
was a small increase in December to 190 million dirhams.
In conclusion, the main sales period is in the early part of the year,
slumping in the summer, except for a sudden increase in August.
19.
Expenditure on Fast Foods by Income Groups,
UK 1990
The chart below shows the amount of money per week spent
on fast food in Britain. The graph shows the trends in
consumption of fast foods.
Write a report for a university lecturer describing the
information shown below.

IELTS WRITING | 32

IELTS WRITING | 33

Model Answer:
The chart shows that high income earners consumed considerably
more fast foods than the other income groups, spending more than
twice as much on hamburgers (43 pence per person per week) than
on fish and chips or pizza (both under 20 pence). Average income
earners also favoured hamburgers, spending 33 pence per person
per week, followed by fish and chips at 24 pence, then pizza at 11
pence. Low income earners appear to spend less than other income
groups on fast foods, though fish and chips remains their most
popular fast food, followed by hamburgers and then pizza.
From the graph we can see that in 1970, fish and chips were twice
as popular as burgers, pizza being at that time the least popular fast
food. The consumption of hamburgers and pizza has risen steadily
over the 20 year period to 1990 while the consumption of fish and
chips has been in decline over that same period with a slight
increase in popularity since 1985.
20.
Australias share of Japans tourist market
The charts below show the number of Japanese tourists
travelling abroad between 1985 and 1995 and Australian
share of the Japanese tourist market.
Write a report for a university lecturer describing the
information shown below.

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Model Answer:
This chart shows us that Japanese tourists go abroad for travelling in
a decade and Australians share of marketing for Japanese tourists.
Between 1985 and 1995 Japanese tourists travelling abroad was
dramatically increased. In 85 there was about 5 million traveller go
abroad. Since 85 number of traveller went up dramatically until 40.
It was almost twice then between 90 and 93 the number remain
stable, which is about 12 millions. From 93 to 95 it rose slightly.
Therefore in 1995 there were about 15 million people went abroad.
I am going to write about the other chart, which is Australians share
of Japanese tourist market. This is also between 1985 and 1995.
About 2 million Japanese tourist went to Australia in 1985. Between
85 and 89 people went there is increased sharply, which is almost 3
times more. In 1990 it fall number slightly but from 90 to 94 number
is went up. However 94 to 95 is not so went up number of people
who went to Australia. It remain is the same or slightly decreased.

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21.
London Underground station passengers
The graph shows Underground Station Passenger Numbers
in London.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the
main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Model Answer:
The graph shows the fluctuation in the number of people at a
London underground station over the course of a day.
The busiest time of the day is in the morning. There is a sharp
increase between 06:00 and 08:00, with 400 people using the
station at 8 o'clock. After this the numbers drop quickly to less than
200 at 10 o'clock. Between 11 am and 3 pm the number rises, with
a plateau of just under 300 people using the station.
In the afternoon, numbers decline, with less than 100 using the
station at 4 pm. There is then a rapid rise to a peak of 380 at 6pm.
After 7 pm, numbers fall significantly, with only a slight increase
again at 8pm, tailing off after 9 pm.
Overall, the graph shows that the station is most crowded in the
early morning and early evening periods.

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22.
Cinema attendance in the UK
The line graph below gives information
attendance in the UK.

on

cinema

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the

information given.

Model Answer:
The given line graph illustrates information on the percentage of
people who went to the movies in the United Kingdom between
1990 and 2010. The people's attendance is divided into four
different age groups.
Overall, younger people seemed to, and are predicted to, be more
active in movie going than their older counterparts. However, all
four age groups showed a gradual increase in attendance numbers
during the given period, except for a slight drop between 1995 and
2000.
To be specific, a larger percentage of people between the ages of 24
and 34 went to, and are expected to, go to the cinema than those in
any other age group. Approximately 51% of the respondents from
this age group are expected to attend movies in 2010 compared
with only 38% in 1990. Even in the group that had the smallest
number of movie goers, those between the ages of 44 and 54, there
was an increase of 6% in their attendance.

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23.
Visitors to Australia by overseas residents
The line graph below shows the number of annual visits to
Australia by overseas residents. The table below gives
information on the country of origin where the visitors came
from.
Write a report for a university lecturer describing the
information given.

NUMBER OF VISITORS (million)

SOUTH KOREA
JAPAN
CHINA
USA
BRITAIN
EUROPE
Total

1975
2.9
3.2
0.3
0.4
0.9
1.1
8.8

2005
9.1
12.0
0.8
1.1
2.9
4.5
30.4

Model Answer:
The given line graph illustrates information on the number of
overseas visitors traveling to Australia in millions of people. Overall,
one notable trend seems to be that Australia has steadily become
more popular as a destination spot. For example, there were 20
million more visitors to Australia in 2005 than in 1975. That's a jump
from 10 million to 30 million in 20 years.

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The second table gives statistics showing the countries whose

residents went to Australia between 1975 and 2005. In both years,
the largest number of visitors came from Japan, followed by South
Korea and Europe. Britain, the United States and China also had
many people traveling to Australia in these years. In fact, the
number of people visiting Australia grew in every one of these
countries. For example, in 2005, 12 million people went there from
Japan compared with only 3.2 million in 1975.
24.
Flu Rates for Males and Females
In June 1996, an experimental flu vaccine was trialled in a
large country town on females only. Summarise the
information by selecting and reporting the main features,
and make comparisons where relevant.

Model Answer:
The diagrams show data for a flu epidemic which hit a large country
town in 1996. Figure 1 gives the number of persons who died; Figure
2 shows the percentage breakdown of females who received a new
flu vaccine; and Figure 3 gives the number of cases of flu before and
during the epidemic.
In Figure 1 it can be seen that the flu was responsible for the deaths
of 2 females but no males in the period from March to May. However,
from June to August, there were 4 female deaths and 1 male death.
According to the pie chart in Figure 2, only those females most at
risk were given the new flu vaccine; 28% did not take part in the
trial. Of those females who took part, 35% were aged (over 65 years
IELTS WRITING | 39

old); 24% were babies or children; and 13% were either hospitalised
or receiving other medical attention.
From Figure 3 it is clear that the new vaccine had a positive effect on
the number of new cases of flu reported in females. There were just
over 1000 cases reported in March, climbing rapidly to a peak of
3500 in June. Thereafter, the number of cases dropped slowly to
about 2800 in August, before levelling off at 2500 for the rest of the
year. For males, the figures were lower but showed a similar trend
throughout the epidemic.
25.
Fast Food vs. Sit-down Restaurants
The charts below show the percentage of their food budget
the average family spent on restaurant meals in different
years. The graph shows the number of meals eaten in fast
food restaurants and sit-down restaurants.

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Model Answer:
Over the past 30 years, the average family has dramatically
increased the number of meals that they eat at restaurants. The
percentage of the family's food budget spent on restaurant meals
steadily climbed. Just 10 percent of the food budget was spent on
restaurant meals in 1970, and 15 percent in 1980. That percentage
more than doubled in 1990, to 35 percent, and rose again in 2000 to
50 percent.
Where families eat their restaurant meals also changed during that
30-year period. In 1970, families ate the same number of meals at
fast food and sit-down restaurants. In 1980, families ate slightly
more frequently at sit-down restaurants. However, since 1990, fast
food restaurants serve more meals to the families than do the sitdown restaurants. Most of the restaurant meals from 2000 were
eaten at fast food restaurants. If this pattern continues, eventually
the number of meals that families eat at fast food restaurants could
double the number of meals they eat at sit-down restaurants.
26.
Visits to two new music websites
The graph below compares the number of visits to two new
music sites on the web.
Write a report for a university lecturer describing the
information shown below.

Model Answer 1:

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The graph shows the number of hits to two new music sites on the
web, measured in thousands over a period of fifteen days. As far as
Music Choice is concerned, the number of visits to the Site
fluctuated between 20,000 and 40,000 in the first eleven days,
except for Day 3 when they reached 60,000. By contrast, visits to
the Pop Parade Site fell erratically from approximately 120,000 hits
on Day 1 to around 40,000 on Day 7.
Between days 11 and 15 visits to Music Choice fluctuated
dramatically, hitting a peak of over 120,000 on Day 14. Despite a
drop to less than 40,000 hits, Pop Parade Saw a huge increase in the
number of hits between Days 9 and 11, reaching a total of over
150,000 hits on Day 11. At the end of the fifteen-day period the
number of hits to Pop Parade peaked at around 170,00, whereas
those for Music Choice Showed a marked decline to around 70,000.
Model Answer 2:
The graph shows people using new music places on the Internet in
fifteen days period of time namely personal choice and trendy pop
music.
The overall trend shows fluctuation with slight Increased towards the
end of the period.
Starting with Music Choice websites; 40,000 poeple went on this
new site on first-day. Half of them backed out the next day. In
Contrast to this Pop Parade net sites were visited by 120,000 music
lovers on day one which decreased slightly on the next day
thereafter regaining the same fame on 3rd day.
After 3rd day the enthusiasm for both music lines on Internet
dropped slowly- reaching maximum fall of 40,000 on 7th day.
Whereas Music choice gained popularity, slightly Improoving to get
the original strength of 30,000 viewers on screen, but was getting
still less visiters than their opponent Pop group i.e. 40,000 on day 7.
In the beginning of the next week both gained remarkable recovery
after a few fluctuations for 8th and 9th day having 40,000 and
50,000 visiters respectively, reaching to their peaks of one and a
half thousand new viewers for Pop Parade on 11th day showing a
contrast of very few people visiting Music choice for the same day.
Thereafter Music choice gained popularity on 12th day for having
more than 120,000 new visitors on web.

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In the end of the period Pop sites were visited by maximum viewers
of 180,000 whereas sites located to Music choice were not explored
by more than 80,000 explorers on the last day of the report.

27.
Global water use by sector
The graph and table below give information about water use
worldwide and water consumption in two different countries.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the
main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Country

Population

Irrigated land

Water consumption per person

Brazil

176 million

26,500 km

359 m

5.2 million

100 km

8 m

Democratic

Republic

of Congo

Model Answer:
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The graph shows how the amount of water used worldwide changed
between 1900 and 2000.
Throughout the century, the largest quantity of water was used for
agricultural Purposes, and this increased dramatically from about
500 km to around 3,000 km in the year 2000. Water used in the
industrial and domestic sectors also increased, but consumption was
minimal until mid-century. From 1950 onwards, industrial use grew
steadily to just over 1,000 km, while domestic use rose more slowly
to only 300 km, both far below the levels of consumption by
agriculture.
The table illustrates the differences in agriculture consumption in
some areas of the world by contrasting the amount of irrigated land
in Brazil (26,500 km) with that in the D.R.C. (100 km). This means
that a huge amount of water is used in agriculture in Brazil, and this
is reflected in the figures for water consumption per person: 359 m
compared with only 8 m in the Congo. With a population of 176
million, the figures for Brazil indicate how high agriculture water
consumption can be in some countries.

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28.
Wheat Exports 1985-1990
The graph below shows the differences in wheat exports
over three different areas.
Write a report for a university lecturer describing the
information shown below.

Model Answer:
The three graphs of wheat exports each show a quite different
pattern between 1985 and 1990. Exports from Australia declined
over the five-year period, while the Canadian market fluctuated
considerably, and the European Community showed an increase.
In 1985, Australia exported about 15 millions of tonnes of wheat and
the following year the number increased by one million tonnes to 16
million. After that, however, there was a gradual decline until 1989
and 1990 when it stabilised at about 11 million tonnes. Over the
same period, the amount of Canadian exports varied greatly. It
started at 19 million tonnes in 1985, reached a peak in 1988 of 24
million, dropped dramatically in 1989 to 14 million tonnes and then
climbed back to 19 million in 1990. Seventeen million tonnes were
exported from the European Community in 1985, but this decreased
to 14 million tonnes in 1986 and then rose to 15 million in 1987 and
1988 before increasing once more to 20 million in 1990.

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29.
Radio and Television audiences in UK
The graph below shows radio and television audiences
throughout the day in 1992.
Write a report for a university lecturer describing the
information shown below.

Model Answer 1:
The graph shows the percentage of audiences over 4 yes old of UK
follows the radio and television throughout the day during the period
October-December 1992. It has been observed from the graph that
less than 10% audiences follows the radio at 6:00 am and the
percentage raised to a pick around 30% at 8AM and decline
gradually to around 10% during the period 200 to 400 Pm and
again raised a bi t to around 12% between 400 to 600 PM. It then
again dropped to below 10% at around 10PM. The rate again raised
to a bit between 1000 PM to 1200 PM and then dropped slowly by
400 AM. On the other hand, the rate of television audiences raises
0-10% during the period 600 to 800 am and remain steady up to 1
0AM and then gradually goes down by 1200 noon. The percentage
raised dramatically to around 15% by 200 noon. The percentage
raised dramatically goes down by 1200 noon. The percentage raised
dramatically to around 15% by 200 PM which again raised to a pick
above 40% between 600-800 PM and then gradually dropped
between the period 1200 PM to 400 AM.
Model Answer 2:
The blue graph shows the television audiences throughout the day. It
shows that the percentage of audiences is three percent in early
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morning but it gradually rises unto ten percent at 8:00 am and

maintains the same for the next two hours. There is a slight fall in
percentage in next two hours however after that it raises sharp unto
twenty percent within the next two hours. After this the graph rises
very fast and attains its peak at 10 pm which is about forty five
percent. The graph gradually falls down and at 2:00 am it is at five
percent. The red graph shows the percentage for radio audiences.
Unlike the television one the peak percentage of the radio audiences
is at 8:00 am which is about 30 percent. Then it gradually falls and it
corresponds with the television one at two pm. After that it gradually
falls but with a small increase in percentage at 4:30 to 6:00 pm. The
percentage of audience then gradually goes down and at four AM it
is the lowest which is near 2 percent. These graphs prove the
progressive popularity of television.
30.
Unemployment Rates: US and Japan
The graph below shows the unemployment rates in the US
and Japan between March 1993 and March 1999.
Write a short report for a university lecturer describing the
information shown below.

Model Answer:
According to the results of the labour-force research published
recently, the following conclusions can be drawn from it:
In March, 1993, United States had seven percent of their workforce
which might not seem disastrous until compared with Japan, where
2.5% were unemployed. However, the unemployment rate in United
States began declining slowly since March 1993, and reached 5%
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mark in the middle of 1996. Japan turned out to be less lucky, as

their unemployment rate doubled in three years. From then on, the
percentage of unemployed workforce in United States remained
roughly the same about 5% until March 99, although there were
minor falls and rises in the unemployment rate.
As for Japan, the percentage of unemployed fell rapidly by 0.50.6%
after March 1996, but from summer 1996 and onwards it grew
steadily and without any falls to reach 5.0% boundary in March
1999.
The major conclusion that I've drawn using the graph, is that
number of unemployed in USA decreased by about 2.0% in the
course of six years, while in Japan it actually increased by 2.5%. As a
result, in March 99, both Japan and US had about 5% of their work
force unemployed.
31.
Typical daily demand for electricity
The graph below shows the demand for electricity in England
during typical days in winter and summer. The pie chart
shows how electricity is used in an average English home.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the
main features and make comparisons where relevant.

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Model Answer:
The Demand for electricity in England during typical days in winter
and summer is illustrated in the graph. The use of electricity in an
average English home is shown in the pie chart. From the graph it is
generally obvious that the demand is in its maximum around 2100
in winter times and in its minimum around 400 being almost
constant between 1200 and 2100 in winter times. During summer
times on the other hand the demand reaches its top point around
1300 and the bottom point around 900 being almost constant
between 1550 and 2000.
In wither times the curve gradually increases to reach 40000 units of
electricity by 3 oclock in the morning. This is followed by gradual
decline to its lowest limit of 30000 units at 9 oclock. A gradual rise
is obvious again to reach a stationary level between 3 oclock and 9
oclock of about 40000 units again. Then there is a sharp rise in the
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next hour to reach its maximum before collapsing again to a lower

level by the end of the day.
In summer time the curve gradually decrease to reach its lower limit
around 9 oclock of a bit more that 10000 units. A gradual increase
is noticed to reach its top of 20000 after which a stationary phase is
obvious between 3 oclock and 10 oclock at night of about 15000
units.
The pie chart on the other hand shows that 52.5% of the electricity
is used for heating rooms and water. 17.5% is consumed for ovens
kettles and washing machines 15% is used in lighting TV and radio
and finally 15% is consumed in the sue of vacuum cleaners food
mixtures and electric tools.
32.
UK and Australia cinema admissions, 1976 to
2006

Model Answer:
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Chart (A) shows the cinema industrys share of the Australian and
UK cinema market by origin in 2001. In both countries, films made in
the United States predominated with 77% of the market in the
UK compared to 67% in Australia. UK films accounted for 21% of the UK
cinema market and 6% of the Australian market. On the other hand,
while 11% of the films shown in Australia were Australian, no
Australian films were shown in the UK. Films from other countries
had 16% of the market share in Australia as opposed/compared to just
2% in the UK.
Chart (B) shows cinema admissions in the UK and Australia since
1976. In both countries cinema admissions dropped/fell in the early
1980s. In Australia admissions fell/dropped from just under 40 million
in 1980 to about 30 million in 19846 while in the UK the decrease
was far more dramatic (from 100 million in 1980 to less than 60
million in 1984). Since then, however, the industry has recovered in
both countries. In 2001, cinema admissions in the UK stood at over
150 million, whereas in Australia they reached 90 million.
Overall, the charts show that the cinema has increased in popularity
in both countries over the last 15 years, but that the origins of the
films projected in Australia are more diverse than in the UK.

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PART 2. Writing Task II

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