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A Synopsis on Internet of Things (IoT) Using

Power Line Communication
KHATRI NIPUN, CHIRAG HARIYA, VIKRANTH BHAT, DIALEN DSOUZA

AbstractThe internet of things the network of physical objects

that enables machine to machine communication which
transforms regular device into smart connected devices. The
Power Line communication can be used as backbone for IoT. This
document is aimed at providing a project synopsis on Internet of
Things Using Power Line (Power line communication). The said
project is centred at designing and developing a technique for
sending high speed data over the existing infrastructure of 230V
50Hz power line. The system makes use of multi carrier code
division multiple access (MC-CDMA) wherein the data is send
using moderately high frequency. The proposed project is aimed
at preparing a smart automation system for IoT using power Line
Communication modem based on wavelet packet analysis to
combat the adverse communication environment.

II. IMPLEMENTATION
It is proposed to make PLC modem using Digital Signal
Processing chips and ARM processor. The figure 1 shows a
proposed block diagram for our implementation.

I. INTRODUCTION
here has been and still is much hype about the Internet of
Things. The idea of a globally interconnected continuum
of devices. Today, a large number of different means are used
to enable communication between heterogeneous devices. We
see these as "Intranet of Things", representing vertical silos that
do not support interoperability. However, this balkanisation of
efforts will lead to a predictable slowdown in devising a viable
global solution. Furthermore, existing solutions do not address
the scalability requirements for a future Internet of Things. One
of the solution to the above problems would be to deploy Power
Line Communication. The Power Line Communication channel
is notoriously bad channel that has been developed without
regards for any communication consideration. However, it is so
widely distributed that considerable cost saving can be achieved
if used for data transmission. This is the sole reason why, power
line communication is becoming a hot research topic since it
provides wide range of application over the existing
infrastructure of electric lines. The major challenge in PLC is
to tackle the hostile environment of spiky and noisy high
voltage power line. The proposed project aims to use MCCDMA for data transmission and thereby avoid the problem of
time varying channel attenuation, multipath frequency selective
fading and noise. The technique of wavelet analysis can be used
to deal with impedance matching. Phase Shift Keying
modulation technique would be used to provide bandwidth
efficient modulation.

Figure 1: Block Diagram Of Proposed IoT System

Base System: This block serves as a gateway for intra

net of things to connect to Internet of Things i.e. a
bridge between local network and external internet.
This is the heart of or central processing block of the
proposed IoT. The main components of this block are
digital signal processor, ARM microcontroller, Power
Line Communication modem.
Slave System: This block encomprises of systems
which actually interact with electronic and nonelectronic appliances in IoT network.
Home Router: This is usual TCP router which is used
to connect main system to the internet.

III. POWER LINE COMMUNICATION.

Power-line communication (PLC) carries data on a conductor
that is also used simultaneously for AC electric power
transmission or electric power distribution to consumers. It is
also known as power-line carrier, power-line digital subscriber
line
(PDSL),
mains
communication,
power-line
telecommunications, or power-line networking (PLN). A
number of difficult technical problems are common between
wireless and power-line communication, notably those of
spread spectrum radio signals operating in a crowded
environment. Power-line communications systems operate by
adding a modulated carrier signal to the wiring system.

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Different types of power-line communications use different
frequency bands. Since the power distribution system was
originally intended for transmission of AC power at typical
frequencies of 50 or 60 Hz, power wire circuits have only a
limited ability to carry higher frequencies. The propagation
problem is a limiting factor for each type of power-line
communications.
The following block diagram depicts the proposed Power Line
Communication.

technique in order to get good noise rejection and better

utilisation of bandwidth.
C. PSK Modulator and De-modulator:
This block provides reliable modulation of the data. It is
intended to use M-ary PSK to get proper utilisation of limited
bandwidth.
D. Isolation and Filters:
This block basically provides isolation of the cold line
(signals/data) from the hot (mains line). The basic element of
this block is high pass filter which allows only high frequency
components i.e. data signals to enter into the PLC model and
completely rejects the low frequency (50 Hz) high voltage line.

Figure 2: Power Line Communication

A. Digital Signal Processor:

This block at the transmitter end accepts the data from the main
microcontroller using UART and adds appropriate error
correcting features and converts it into optimised line codes. At
the receiver end an opposite of this occurs i.e. line coded
information is taken in from the CDMA receiver and
corresponding data is transmitted in UART form to the main
C.
B. CDMA:
This block is used to provide port division multiple access data
transmission. It is proposed to utilise the multi carrier CDMA

Figure 3: Generalised block diagram of PLC

Figure 4: Block diagram of proposed IoT system

Figure 5: Simplified block diagram of the PLC system