Sten Rentzhog

OPEN A IR MUSEUMS
THE HISTORY AND FUTURE OF A VISIONARY IDEA
Translated by
Skans Victoria Airey

Published in cooperation with ALHFAM

and The Association of European Open Air Museums

Carlssons

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Jamtli

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Published with financial support from:

Nordisk Kulturfond, Statens kulturrd, Letterstedtska freningen,
Reykjavikurborg, Norsk Folkemuseum, Maihaugen, Sverresborg,
Trndelag Folkemuseum, Den Gamle By, Frilandsmuseet,
Gamla Linkping, Jmtlands lns museum, Kulturen, Skansen.

2007 Sten Rentzhog

Published by Jamtli Frlag and Carlsson Bokfrlag
Picture editor: Kristina Berg
Graphic form and digital production: Bo Herlin
Printed by Kristianstads Boktryckeri in Kristianstad, Sweden 2007
ISBN 978-9-7948-208-4

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Contents

Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi

INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1. ARTUR HAZELIUS AND SKANSEN
The Skansen of the 1890s .
Know Thyself. . . . . . .
The best possible moment .
Hazelius as innovator . . .
Hazelius and the museums

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2. FOLLOWERS AND COMPETITORS

Museums for ordinary people . . . .
Open air museums and nationalism .
A museum of buildings . . . . . . .
The very first open air museum . . .
We do not aim at any illusion . . . .
The innumerable small museums . .
A romanticist with an artistic spirit .
The rebellious free thinker. . . . . .
Two regional open air museums . . .
A town history open air museum . .
We are, and want to be, Dutch . . .
The vision is passed on . . . . . . .

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3. BETWEEN THE WARS

Baltic nation building . . . . . . . . . . . . .
An open air museum as a sociological experiment .
Museums in Czechoslovakia and Nazi Germany .
French museum theory and Welsh nationalism . .
Continuing Scandinavian initiatives . . . . . .
Skansen and the Swedish Peoples Home . . . .

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4. OUTDOOR MUSEUMS IN AMERICA

Industrialist and social reformer . .
The Edison Institute . . . . . . .
Greenfield Village as a forerunner .
Convincing a millionaire . . . . .
The eighteenth century resurrected .
A national place of pilgrimage . . .

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5. A FIRMLY ESTABLISHED MOVEMENT

Village museum and folk home
A total experience . . . . . . .
The perfect landscape museum.
New areas, new countries . . .
A collection of buildings. . . .

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6. THE OPEN AIR MUSEUM IN THE SERVICE OF SOCIALISM 184

Contemporary life in museums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Skansenology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
The living tradition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203

7. MUSEUMS AND INDUSTRIALISM

208

An open air museum of technological history

Industrial archaeology . . . . . . . . . .
A Victorian town . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nostalgia is the sugar on the pill . . . . .

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8. LIVING HISTORY
A village in New England . . . . .
The America of the Pilgrim Fathers
Singing seamen . . . . . . . . . .
Secrets of the imagination . . . . .
The America of the Pioneers . . . .
The beginnings of a new state . . .
European immigrants . . . . . . .
Agrarian history . . . . . . . . .
A provoking new method . . . . .
The long route to the slave auction .

9. OUT INTO THE WORLD

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10. THE RETURN OF MAN

296

The regeneration of Frilandsmuseet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301

A museum about people . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307
Historyland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311

11. OPEN AIR MUSEUMS AND THE CHANGING PRESENT

A growing time gap . . . . . . . . . .
Norway takes the lead once more. . . . .
The needs of the visitor . . . . . . . . .
Bridges to the past . . . . . . . . . . .
Drama, games and play . . . . . . . . .
German reorientation . . . . . . . . .
Mirror, Mirror, on the Wall . . . . . . .
Americas Greatest History Attraction . .
Opening doors . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Back to the founders . . . . . . . . . .
Open air museums throw off the shackles .

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12. CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

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371

A triple strategy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372

New needs, new possibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374

13. THE BOUNDS OF POSSIBILITY

380

Large or small . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381

Illusion and reality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383
True and false . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387

14. CREATING A NOAHS ARK

A reserve for threatened buildings
An advisory centre . . . . . . .
Craftsmanship and craft training
Biological diversity . . . . . . .
On with the dance . . . . . . .
Open air museums and research .

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15. THE NOBLE ART OF INTERPRETATION

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Sense and sensibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414

A democratic history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416
Getting things to talk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419

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Meeting people . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425

The inverted time perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429
Onlooker or participant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436

16. ON COMMON GROUND

440

Play and imagination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441

Joyful learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447
The open air museum as an arena . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451

17. AS FAR AS THE VISION CAN REACH

The need for visionary leaders .
The soul of the museum . . . .
Joining forces . . . . . . . . .
Doorways to the future . . . .

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Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 469
Illustration credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 470
Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473
Literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525

Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .531

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Foreword

When Skansen, the first open air museum in the world, was opened in 89,
thanks to the beneficent activity of Artur Hazelius, even the founder himself
did not think that this kind of museum would be so successful and would have
such a magnificent career internationally. In the last 5 years, several open air
museums have been established in different size and quality all over the world,
in more waves. At the beginning, this museum type set root only in Northern
Europe, then in Westernand CentralEurope too; later it appeared on the
American continent, in Asia and Australia too, and finally, it started to emerge
in Africa also.
The popularity of open air museums is best proved by the fact, that in 2004,
in the 25 countries of the European Union there were 500 million museum visitors. This number is higher than the whole population of the European Union
and 33% of these people visited open air type museums. Consequently, the significance and social prestige of open air museums cannot be queried, the existing cultural policy and social dialogue must always deal with this important
segment of culture.
The Association of European Open Air Museums, the professional organisation, assembling the open air museums of the European Continent, had a mile
stone in its 40-year long history in 200, a general meeting in Szentendre, Hungary. With the title New Millennium, New Challenges for Open Air Museums
the conference drew up the most important questions the open air museums
of Europe and the world have to face: first of all, there was a topic with the title
Survival of a 9th century idea in the 2st century; the conference also dealt with
visitor expectations and the answers the museums give in return; and finally,
there was a discussion concerning the limits of museums in time, space, topic
and interpretation.
Sten Rentzhog, the author of this volume was a very thoughtful participant
of this conference. He diligently collected data, information and pictures of the
open air museums of the world throughout the years in the Nordiska museet
in Stockholm and in the Jamtli Open Air Museum, Sweden. The result of this
conscious and meticulous work is in the hand of the distinguished reader. The
book has a revolutionary significance: on the one hand being a comprehensive
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summary, it exceeds the works of previous European authors. In 974 Adelhart

Zippelius (Germany), at the end of the 980s Jerzy Czajkowski (Poland), and in
2004 Ji Langer (Czech Republic) gave a summary about the European open air
museums. The aim of these volumes was not a deeper analysis but to inform the
general public, to sum up the knowledge about open air museums for a wider
circle of people.
Sten Rentzhog wrote a book, which is based on professional experience,
gained during the decades of work in open air museums and the personal experiences from several continents. This is not a guide book, not a list of open air
museums, not a publication for tourists. The author examines the open air
museums of almost all continents in a very special way. Beyond the analysis, it
also includes serious statements on the basis of comparative analysis, besides an
extremely readable introduction to the museums, which sketches the historic
development of this museum type, its past, present, exhibitions and characteristics unawares. Connected to the general meeting of the Association of European Open Air Museums in 200, he also delineates the varieties of a possible
future in several closing chapters.
The book, written by Sten Rentzhog, becomes available in English not just
for the growing number of those who are professionally interested, but also for
those laymen who visit these museums. This book is a summary, being a scientific product and an enjoyable reading at the same time. On behalf of the Association of Open Air Museums and myself I kindly recommend this volume.
Dr. Mikls Cseri
President of the Association
of European Open Air Museums

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Preface

This is a more-than book, more than a story of the museums, more than a
handbook and critique, more than an armchair travelers guide. It is all of these
and much more. It is the first comprehensive study of open air museums in
Europe and North America, including the well-known, the less-recognized,
and a few that the author admits are not true open air museums. It is a sensitive
examination of visionary and not-so-visionary leaders, of the ideas that moved
them, and the strengths and weaknesses of what they created. Most important,
perhaps, the book is a provocative and earnest call for open air museums in
Europe and North America to do things that will help them survive and succeed in the 2st century. The call is supported with many good ideas that actually are carried out in museums the author discusses. Theory and practice are
combined here in ways that will be interesting and useful to staff and supporters. The armchair traveler will discover not only what museums are out there,
but gain an understanding of what museums can do, becoming an informed,
and even demanding, visitor.
The author is an experienced museum professional and scholar. His book is a
product of a lifetime of work in Sweden, of engagement in international museum
organizations, and travel with a perceptive eye in Europe and North America.
As much as the past is always with him, so is the future. He is intrigued by the
possibilities of the many forms of living history and the many possibilities of
role playing and story-telling in museums.
As Rentzhog explores in many places in his book, the debates about the proper
form and functions of open air museums have gone on over time since the beginnings. In the 890s, the founder of Swedens Skansen, Artur Hazelius, and the
Norwegian counterpart at Norsk Folkmuseum, Hans Aall, had different views.
So did many other lesser known leaders and followers, as he terms them. In
the United States, ever since Henry Ford and John D. Rockefeller gave form to
their versions of the past in Dearborn, Michigan, and Williamsburg, Virginia,
controversies have come out repeatedly.
The Association of European Open Air Museums was founded in the 960s.
At its biennial conferences the debates have often become heated; so, too, among
staff in museums.
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In North America, the Association for Living Historical Farms and Agricultural Museums (ALHFAM), was founded in 970. At the annual conferences,
lively discussions, sometimes heated ones, about accuracy, historical reality,
and proper modes of interpretation have occupied conferences. Could the living history farm recreate the past, or was it really only a model, and should
visitors be made aware of that? The educational role of the museum was never
a question, but the how certainly was. What was most appropriate and effective: third person interpretation or first person with the interpreter playing a role
of someone living or working in the place? Should the first person interpreter
break role to answer a question of a visitor? Should period social, economic and
political issues be brought into the museum? More recently, the retention of
the acronym ALHFAM but the change of the name to Association for Living
History, Farm and Agricultural Museums is symptomatic of the desire of many
in the organization to be focused upon interpretation and re-enactment.
Rentzhog does not shy away from expressing his views, his hopes and concerns. In his hands, the old view that open air museums in Europe were only
concerned with preservation and collections, and that Americans were too concerned with education and the public, goes by the board. Since the 970s, many
of the same concerns and efforts to reach the public have been visible. In the last
chapters of the book, many of the matters discussed in the contexts of particular museums are dealt with suggestively and more comprehensively. The open
air museum to succeed in the 2st century must consider the needs of various
publics. Nostalgia is not enough to bring younger generations to museums.
Here is a book for all interested in open air museums, whatever they are called,
outdoor museums, skansens, museum villages, working historical farms, or
peasant museums. Rentzhogs messages are important and must be heard. Visitors want to participate in various ways in the museum experience. They must
be able to find real people or fictional people inhabiting the urban dwellings,
the farmhouses, and the workshops. In interpretive and educational programs,
themes should provide means to explore issues but not give fixed answers. The
reader will do well to remember Rentzhogs words at the close of the chapter on
Industrialism. No museum is ever complete. Wherever one goes, one sees
possibilities. It is as if the whole museum stands waiting for the next phase.
Edward L. Hawes
Association for Living History Farm and Agricultural Museums
Consultant to museums

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Literature
Aall,Hans 920: Norsk Folkemuseum 1894-1919.
Trekk av dets historie. Kristiania.
Aaraas,Olav 987: Fra rykstover til ferdighus.
Museumsnytt : 25-27.
Aaraas,Olav 994: Maihaugen, hva n? Maihaugen rbok : 2-7.
Acta Scansenologica, 8, 98-200: Muzeum
Budownictwa Ludowego w Sanuko.
Sanok.
gotnes,Jakob 99: The ideology of folk museums. Tagungsberichte : 73-83.
gotnes,Jakob E. 993: Maihaugen i nordisk
perspektiv. Maihaugen rbok : 8-27.
Ahrens,Claus 990: Wiederaufgebaute Vorzeit.
Archologische Freilichtmuseen in Europa.
Neumnster (Karl Wacholtz).
Alexander, Edward P. 968: A Fourth Dimension for History Museums. Curator XI:4 :
263-289.
Alexander, Edward P. 97A: Museums in
Motion. An Introduction to the History and
Functions of Museums. Nashville (American
Association for State and Local History).
Alexander, Edward P. 97B: The Interpretation Program of Colonial Williamsburg.
Williamsburg.
Alexander, Edward P. 983: Museum Masters.
Their Museums and Their Influence. Nashville (American Association for State and
Local History).
ALHFAM Proceedings, Papers from the
ALHFAM annual conferences, The Association for Living History, Farm and Agricultural Museums, 974-2006.
Alin, Margareta-Johansson,Ella 200: Friluftsmuseets aktualitet. Kulturen: 6-9.
Almqvist, Victor 907: Artur Hazelius, Ngra
minnesord. Ord & Bild : 307-35.
Alsford, Stephen 984: The Looking-Glass
World: A Study of Reconstructed-Community Museums in Canada. Ottawa, National
Museum of Man (stencil).
Amundsen, Arne Bugge-Rogan,BjarneStang,Margrethe C.(red.) 2003: Museer i
fortid og ntid. Essays i museumskunnskap.
Oslo (Novus Forlag).
Anderson,Gail 2004: Reinventing the Museum.
Walnut Creek (Altamira).
Anderson, Jay 976/99: Immaterial Material
Culture.The Implications of Experimental
Research for Folklife Museums, in Keystone
Folklore 2, 976, reprinted in Anderson
99:27-32.
Anderson, Jay 982/99: Living History. American Quarterly Review, Fall 982, reprinted
in Anderson 99:3-4.

Anderson,Jay 984: Time Machines. The World

of Living History. Nashville (American Association for State and Local History).
Anderson,Jay 985: The Living History Sourcebook. Nashville (American Association for
State and Local History).
Anderson,Jay 99: A Living History Reader.
Nashville (American Association for State
and Local History).
Anttila,Veikko 964: Suomen Kotiseuduntutkimus 1894-1920, Helsinki.
Appleton,William Sumner 99: Destruction and Preservation of Old Buildings in
New England, Art and Archaeology, The
Arts Throughout the Ages, Vol.VIII, No.3:
3-83.
Arcadius,Kerstin 997: Museum p svenska.
Lnsmuseerna och kulturhistorien. Nordiska
museets handlingar 23, Stockholm.
Armstrong,J.R.(ed) 976: Weald & Downland
Open Air Museum Singleton. Main Guide,
Singleton.
Arndt,Ernst Moritz 807: Resa genom Sverige
r 1804, Andra delen. Carlstad.
terblickar, 99: Samfundet fr Hembygdsvrd
75 r, Bygd och Natur rsbok.
Atkinson,Frank 968: Regional museums.
Museums Journal, Vol. 68, No. 2, Sept. :7477.
Atkinson,Frank 97: New open-air museums,
Museum, Vol. XXIII, 1970/71:No. 2: 99-07.
Atkinson,Frank 999: The Man who made
Beamish. An autobiography. Gateshead
(Northern Books).
Att levandegra historia. 2000: (Rapport frn)
Museipedagogisk konferens. Jamtli/Jmtlands lns museum.
Baeckstrm,Arvid 933: Ngra flyktiga Hazeliana frn 890-talet, Minnesbladet : 20 (28).
Baer,John W. 992: The Pledge of Allegiance.
A Centennial History,1892-1992. Annapolis
(Free State Press).
Baker,Andrew-Leon,Warren 986/99: Old
Sturbridge Village Introduces Social Conflict
into Its Interpretive Story, in History News,
March 986, reprinted in Anderson 99:04.
Baker,James 990: World View At Plimoth
Plantation: History And Theory, ALHFAM
Proceedings:64- 67.
Baker,James W. 997A: Plimoth Plantation.
Fifty Years of Living History, Plymouth.
Baker,James W. 997B: Plimoth Plantation. A
Pictorial Guide. Plymouth.
Balassa,Ivn M. 200: Ein Gedanke aus dem

509

OAM_Book.indb 509

2007-02-05 16:08:32

9. Jahrhundert im 2. Jahrhundert,Tagu
ngsberichte: 63-68.
Ballenberg Jahrbuch 998: 20 Jahre Schweizerisches Freilichtmuseum Ballenberg. Brienz.
Barucki,Tadeusz 990A: Skansen w Kawasaki,
Japonia. Acta Scansenologica 6: 74-85.
Barucki,Tadeusz 990B: Skansen w Bangkoku,
Tajlandia. Acta Scansenologica 6: 88-205.
Bather,F.A.903: Presidential Address to the
Museums Association, July 903. Museums
Journal, Vol.III: 6932 + 36p. illustrations.
Bather,F.A. 96: The Triumph of Hazelius.
Museums Journal, Vol.6: 32-36.
Baumeier,Stefan 996: Idee und Realisation.
Zur Geschichte des westflischen Freilichtmuseums, in Baumeier-Carstensen 996:768.
Baumeier,Stefan 200: Die vergessenen Nachbarn, Tagungsberichte: 234-24.
Baumeier,Stefan 2005: Stoppt den Huservielfrass! Entwicklung und Optimierung
umweltvertrglicher Verfahrenzu Bekmpf
ung von Schdlingen, Tagungsberichte.
Baumeier,Stefan-Carstensen,Jan 996: Westflisches Freilichtmuseums Detmold. Geschichte
Konzepte- Entwiklungen. Detmold.
Beamish One, 978: The First Report of the North
of England Open Air Museum Joint Committee, Spring 1978. Beamish.
Beamish, 99: The Making of a Museum.
Beamish.
Beamish, 2003: The Experience of a Lifetime.
Beamish.
Beck,Larry & Cable,Ted T. 2002: Interpretation
for the 21st Century. Fifteen Guiding Principles for Interpreting Nature and Culture.
Champaign, IL (Sagamore Publishing).
Beckmann,Uwe 993: Fotografien von Wilhelm
Claas. Architektur und Technische Kulturdenkmale 1925-1950. Hagen.
Beckmann,Uwe 995-996: Wilhelm Claas und
das Westflische Freilichtmuseum Hagen.
TKD- Technische Kulturdenkmale, 30: 8-;
3:2-5; 32:2-5.
Behm,A. 90: Skansens zoologiska trdgrd.
Kort vgledning. Stockholm.
Bengtsson,Bengt 972: Skansens stadskvarter
som levande milj, Fataburen:3-8.
Bengtsson,Bengt 973: Kulturen i Lund. Fakta
och planer. Lund.
Bennett,Tony 990: Museums and the people.
The museum time machine, ed. R.Lumley,
London&New York (Routledge): 63-85.
Bennett,Tony 995: The Birth of the Museum.
London & New York (Routledge).
Berg,Gsta 933: Artur Hazelius. Mannen och
hans verk. Stockholm.
Berg,Gsta 982: Karlin och Hazelius, Kulturen:
63-78.
Berg,Gsta 986: Karlin und Hazelius, Acta
Scansenologica: 923.
Berg,Jonas 980: Drktdockor Hazelius och
andras, Fataburen: 9-28.

Berg,Marit 2004: Its all the same, Museum i

Friluft, By og Bygd XXXVIII:26-38.
Bergstrm,Erik J.986: Hrjedalens fornminnesfrening, Jmten: 38-46.
Berlepsch-Valendas,H.E.905: Skandinavische
Museen. Eine Reisestudie. Kunst und Handwerk. Zeitschrift des Bayerischen Kunsgewerbevereins zu Mnchen, 55 Jahrg., 904/905:
69-92, 20-227.
Bernhardt,Kirsten 2005: Das Armenhaus im
Westflischen Freilichtmuseum, Detmold.
Bineva,Rossitsa 2002: Ethnographic Open-Air
Museum Etar and Problems of Enlivening of the Museum Exposition, in Working
Session of the Association of European Open
Air Museums, Muzej Staro Salo, Kumrovec,
Croatia, September 2002.
Bing,Morten 2004: Hjem p museum.
Refleksjon rundt innredninger i et friluftsmuseum. Museum i Friluft. By og Bygd
XXXVIII:0-25.
Birnstad,Arne 985: Mte om friluftsmuseer i
Hagen och Detmold, Svenska museer, Nr.1:
25-31.
Birnstad,Arne 987: Friluftsmuseerna i framtiden, FRI, Samarbetsblad fr svenska friluftsmuseer, nr 7 (fredrag frn mte i Lillehammer sept. 987, stencil).
Birnstad,Arne 99: Artur Hazelius och
Skansen, Skansen under hundra r. Hgans
(Bra bcker): 77-96.
Birnstad,Arne-Liman,Ingemar 972: Skansenprogrammen och tidsandan, Fataburen: 972.
Bjerknes,Kristian 972: Peter Holm og Gamle
Bergen. Kbstadmuseet Den Gamle By
rbog:5-6.
Bjrkroth,Maria 99: Frn vision till verklighet,
terblickar. Bygd och Natur rsbok:23-78
Bjrkroth,Maria 2000: Hembygd i samtid och
framtid 1890-1930. Diss. Papers in Museology 5, Ume.
Bjorli,Trond 2000: Kultur, vitenskap og
samfunn. Samling og ideologi p Norsk
Folkemuseum 1894-1914. Hovedfagsoppgave
i etnologi. Bergen.
Blaesild,Benno 2003: Making Christmas an
Additional High Season, Tagungsberichte:908.
Bloch,Marc 930/993: Om friluftsmuseer och
bygdemuseer i Skandinavien 930, Nordisk
museologi 993::73-76.
Bloch Ravn,Thomas 999: Den Gamle By er
et laboratorium for bevaring af de gamle
bygningshndvaerk, Bygning.By og Land,
nr.42:4-7.
Bloch-Ravn,Thomas 2000A: Dansk Center
for Byhistorie ved Historisk Institut og Den
Gamle By, Den Gamle By:7-.
Bloch-Ravn,Thomas 2000B:Levendegrelse.
Den Gamle By: 3-54.
Bloch Ravn,Thomas 200: New ideas in
harmony with tradition.Gamle By as an
example from Denmark,Tagungsberichte:7986.

50

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Bloch Ravn,Thomas 2002: Den Gamle By. Et

vindue til historien. Kbenhavn (Gyldendal).
Bloch Ravn,Thomas 2002: Den Gamle By. A
Window into the Past. Copenhagen 2002.
Bloch Ravn,Thomas 2003A: Industrisamfundet
p frilandsmuseum. Den Gamle By: 7-9.
Bloch Ravn,Thomas 2003B: Developing identity and managing PR. Experiences from
Den Gamle.
By,in Lyck Lyse (ed.): Turistattraktionsstudier i
et konomisk perspektiv, Nyt fra Samfundsvidenskaberne: 325-333.
Bloch Ravn,Thomas 2003C: A 20th Century
Addition to The Old Town. Tagungsberichte:5-55.
Bloch-Ravn,Thomas 2004: Historie der smager
af noget. Samvirke 2004:7.
Boardman,Kathryn 997: Revisiting Living
History: A Business, An Art, A Pleasure,
An Education. ALHFAM Proceedings.
Boe,Liv Hilde 2004: Mosk p Norsk Folkemuseum? By og Bygd, XXXVIII:42-55.
Boesmans,Annick 200: The sky is the limit
(?), Tagungsberichte: 94-99.
Boesman,Annick 2003: No stranger would
sit alone where everyone feels at home,
Tagungsberichte: 59-70.
Bogdan,Robert 988: Freak Show. Presenting
Human Oddities for Amusement and Profit.
Chicago and London (The University of
Chicago Press).
Boken om Skansen 980: Red. N.E. Baerendtz.
Hgans (Bra bcker).
Bondegrd og museum frilandsmuseernes teori
og praksis Rapport fra seminar i anledning
af Frilandsmuseets 00-rs jubilum 997,
red. Mette Skougaard m.fl. Kbenhavn
998. (Landbohistorisk Selskab).
Bk,Fredrik 923: Artur Hazelius En levnadsteckning, Stockholm.
Borgstrm,Britt Marie 2003; Tidsresan. Lek och
fantasi som pedagogisk metod. Stockholm.
(Nordiska museet).
Bothmer,Heinz Karchow,Paul (no date): Das
Deutsche Dorf. Volkstmliches Freilichtmuseum zu Brandenburg a.H. Berlin.
Bowie,Beverley M. 954: Williamsburg:
Its College and its Cinderella City, The
National Geographic Magazine, October
954:439-486.
Bragelien,Jarle 2004: Fr Maihaugporten til
Framtidshuset. Museets utvikling gjennom
00 r, Maihaugen rbok:53-65.
Bramsen,Bo 97: The History of the Old Town
museum in rhus. rhus
Brandt,Anthony 978/99: A Short Natural
History of Nostalgia, in Atlantic Monthly,
Dec. 978, repr. in Anderson 99:200
205.
Brears,Peter C.D. 980: Kirk of the Castle,
Museums Journal, Vol 80: 90-92 London.
Brinchmann,Chr.900: Sandvigs samlinger paa
Lillehammer, Kringsjaa XVI, hefte 7-8:48489;609-67. Kristiania.

Bringus,Nils-Arvid 972: Artur Hazelius och

Nordiska museet, Fataburen: 7-32.
Bringus,Nils-Arvid 992: Karlin och Kulturen.
Kulturen 992.
Briscoe,Virginia Wolf 977: Living Historical
Farms, ALFHAM Proceedings
Brooke,Michael Z.970: Le Play: engineeer and
social scientist. The life and work of Frdric
Le Play. London (Longman).
Brough,James 977: The Ford Dynasty. An
American Story. New York (Doubleday).
Bubp,Ken and others 2003: A Study of Family
Learning Leads to Changing Approaches to
Interpretation at Conner Prairie, ALHFAM
Proceedings:277-287.
Buchanan,R.Angus 2000: The origins of industrial archaeology, in Cossons, N.: Perspectives on Industrial Archeology: 8-38, London
(Science Museum).
Bucur,Corneliu 993: Museum vivum Tagungsberichte: 96-02.
Bucur,Corneliu 995: Romanian Millenary
Civilazation, in Astra Museum Sibiu.
Sibiu.
Buggeland,Tord-gotnes,Jakob 987: Maihaugen. De Sandvigske Samlinger 100 r. Oslo
(J.W.Cappelens Forlag).
Buggeland,Tord 99: Farming as a part of
the museum work at Maihaugen, Tagungsberichte: 27-28.
Buzek,Ladislav-Langer,Ji 976: Das valachische Freilichtmuseum. Ostrava.
Callender,Don W. Jr. 976/99: Reliving the
Past: Experimental Archaeology in Pennsylvania. Archaeology, July 976, reprinted in
Anderson 99:33-37.
Caramia,John A.Jr.2006: Living History,
ALHFAM, and the Future of Historic Sites,
ALHFAM Proceedings.
Carnegie,Ron 2000: Playing the Game: Teaching First-Person Interpreters to Help Visitors
Get the Information They Seek, ALHFAM
Proceedings:75-78.
Carson,Cary 98/99: Living Museums of
Everymans History, Harvard Magazine,
July-August 98:22-32, reprinted in Anderson 99:25-3.
Carson,Cary 994: Lost in the Fun House:
A Commentary on Antropologists First
Contact with History Museums,The Journal
of American History, June:37-50.
Carson,Cary 995: Mirror, Mirror, on the Wall,
Whose History Is the Fairest of Them All?
The Public Historian, Vol. 7, No.4:6-67.
Carson,Cary 998: Colonial Williamsburg
and the Practise of Interpretive Planning
in American History Museums, The Public
Historian, Vol.20, No 3:-5.
Carson,Cary (ed.) 2002: Becoming Americans:
Our Struggle to be both Free and Equal. A Plan
of Thematic Interpretation. Teaching History
at Colonial Williamsburg. Williamsburg.
Carstensen,Jan 999: Historic ecology and a

OAM_Book.indb 511

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new environmental awareness, Tagungsberichte:69-78.

Carstensen,Jan 2004: Die Grsseren Freilichtmuseen in Deutschland 2004. Eine
Umfrage, Museums Mitteilungen RheinlandPfalz 2002/2003:27-39.
Celander,Lisbet-Hermansson,Lottie
998:
Blommors poesi. Frn Fredriksdals herrgrd.
Hgans.
Ceuster,Paul de 997: Political culture versus
museum culture,Tagungsberichte: 82-87.
Chew,Nigel 2003: A childs eye view, Tagungsberichte: 7-90.
Chodakiwski,Mikola 997: Von der Vergangenheit in die Zukunft/From Past to Present,
Tagungsberichte :64-70.
Christensen,Arne Lie 2003: Landskapet i
museene museet i landskapet, in Amundsen-Rogan-Stang 2003: 95-6.
Claesson,Anna Maria 2005: Till de ddas frsvar, in Svensson, Birgitta (red.): Freml fr
forskning. Stockholm (Nordiska museet):7478.
Clark,Henry 2000: Using Magic Lantern
Shows To Make Your Site Seem As Though
It Has More Staff Than It Actually Does,
ALHFAM Proceedings: 46-55.
Clawson,Marion 965: Living Historical Farms.
A Proposal for Action. Agricultural History
No.39, April 965. Berkeley.
Cleaver,Joanne 988: Doing Childrens Museums. Charlotte, Vermont.
Clemetsen,Morten 996: Landskapsplan for
Maihaugen, Norges Lantbrugshyskole.
Coleman,Ann 2000: The Story of Fortress
Louisburg, ALHFAM Proceedings: 4
Conn,Steven 998: Museums and American
Intellectual Life, 1876-1926, University of
Chicago Press.
Conrad,Kurt 990: 00 Jahre nach Skansen;
ein europisches Freilichtmuseum in MittelEuropa,Tagungsberichte: 08-.
Cossons,Neil 979: Ironbridge The First
Ten Years, Industrial Archaeology Review:
79-86.
Cossons,Neil 980: The museum in the valley.
Ironbridge Gorge, Museum, Vol. XXXII,
No. 3:38-53.
Craig,Tracey Linton 983 /99: Retreat into
History, in History News, Vol.38, June 983,
reprinted in Anderson 99:42-49.
Cseri,Mikls 999: Historic Structures in the
Hungarian Open Air Museum in Szentendre, Tagungsberichte: 06-0.
Curman,Sigurd 933: Artur Hazelius. Ett
hundrarsminne. Ord och Bild: 589-599.
Curtin,Kathleen 2000: I Know It When I See
It: Effective Orientation to First Person
Programming at Plimoth Plantation.
ALHFAM Proceedings:68-72.
Czajkowski,Jerzy 976: Die didaktisch erzierische Rolle der Freilichtmuseen, Tagungsberichte: 80-83.
Czajkowski,Jerzy 980: Actual State of Erection

Work in Open Air Museums in Poland, Acta

Scansenologica :46-59.
Czajkowski,Jerzy (ed.) 98: Open-Air Museums
in Poland. Poznan.
Czajkowski,Jerzy 982: Skansen Museology in
Socialistic Countries in the Years 945-982,
Tagungsberichte: 8-22.
Czajkowski,Jerzy 984: Muzea na wolnym powietrzu w Europie. Historia-Dzin Dzisiejszy
Perspektywy, Rzeszw-Sanok.
Czajkowski,Jerzy 986: Muzeum Budownictwa
Ludowego w Sanuko. Park Etnograficzny.
Sanok.
Czajkowski,Jerzy 999: The Ethnographic Park
in Sanok. Museum Guide. Sanok.
Czajkowski,Jerzy 2004: Muzeum Budownictwa Ludowego w Sanoku z perspektywy
45 lat/ The Folk Architecture Museum in
Sanok from a 45-year Perspective, Materialy
Muzeum Budownictwa Ludowego w Sanoku
36, Sanok.
Dauskardt,Michael 2002: Das Prinzip der
produktorientierenten Vorfhrung im
westflischen Freilichtmuseum Hagen, in
Working Session of the Association of European Open Air Museums, Muzej Staro Selo,
Kumrovec, Croatia, September 2002.
Davydov,Alexandr N.982: Cultural Ecology
of Etnos and Open Air Museum, Tagungsberichte 1982:84-87.
Davydov,A.N. 984: Das System der Freilichtmuseen in der UdSSR, Tagungsberichte:
244-266
Dawydow,Aleksander N, 985: Muzeum
Ludowego Budownictwa w Archangielsku,
Acta Scansenologica 3: 89-20.
Davydov,Alexander N. 2005: Open Air Museum
as an Ambassador of Local Communities,
Tagungsberichte.
Deetz,James 969/99: The Reality of the
Pilgrim Fathers, Natural History 56, No.6,
November 969:32-44; reprinted in Anderson 99:0-09.
Deetz,James 97/99: The Changing Historical House Museum: Can It Live? Historic
Preservation, Jan-March 97:5-54; reprinted
in Anderson 99:5-7.
Deetz,James 980 /99: A Sense of Another
World: History Museums and Cultural
Change, History News 59, May-June 980:4045; reprinted in Anderson 99:9-23.
Deetz,James 98/99: The Link from
Object to Person to Concept, in Museums,
Adults, and the Humanities, Washington
D.C.(AAM) 98:24-34; reprinted in Anderson 99:206-22.
Deetz,James-Deetz,Patricia Scott 2000:
The Time of Their Lifes. Life, Love and
Death in Plymouth Colony. New York
(W.H.Freeman).
Dethlefsen,Dr.(Richard) 93: Fhrer durch das
Ostpreussische Heimatmuseum. Knigsberg.
Dickerman,Marion 965: The Three Founders.

52

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Mystic (The Marine Historical Association

Inc).
Doak,Richard 979: His goal: A Midwest showcase. Des Moines Tribune, October 2.
Drake,Knut978: A Short Talk: Open Air
Museums and the Preservation of Monuments, Tagungsberichte 978:65-68.
Drake,Knut 995: Forntid, nutid, framtid. bo
stads historiska museum bo landskapsmuseum 1881-1981. bo landskapsmuseum.
Ekstrm,Anders 994: Den utstllda vrlden.
Stockholmsutstllningen 1897 och 1800-talets
vrldsutstllningar. Stockholm (Nordiska
museet).
Elder,Betty Doak 979: Behind the Scenes at
Living History Farms, History News:33349
Elfstrm,Gunnar 99: Town quarters in open
air museums,Tagungsberichte 99:84-93.
Elfstrm,Gunnar 995: Criticism against Old
Linkping in the 960s. Tagungsberichte:
62-69.
Elfstrm,Gunnar 996: En bok om Gamla
Linkping. Linkping.
Elfstrm,Gunnar 997: See the people/Ein
Blick auf die Menschen, Tagungsberichte:
60-68.
Elle,Vunder 988: ber estnische Freilichtmuseen, Tagungsberichte: 5-55.
Ellenius,Allan & Wonders,Karen 99: Verklig
eller blott mlad. Tvrsnitt -2: 20-29.
Engen,Arnfinn 2004: Samlaren Anders Sandvig.
Oslo (Det norske samlaget).
Ernst,Eugen 988: Aussereuropische, insbesondere US-amerikanische Freilichtmuseen,
Tagungsberichte: 83-9.
Eurwyn,William 988: The concept of change
in history:Recent developments at the Welsh
Folk Museum, Cardiff, Tagungsberichte: 4850.
Evans,Michael 99: Historical interpretation
at Sovereign Hill, Australian Historical Studies: 42-52.
Evans,Michelle&Heiwig,Douglas
999:
Development of the Underground Railroad Program at Conner Prairie, ALHFAM
Proceedings.
Evans,Michelle&Heiwig,Douglas 2000: Follow
the North Star: An Update, ALHFAM
Proceedings: 25-28.
Faber,Michael 983: Das Freilichtmuseum als
Lernort. 25 Jahre Rheinisches Freilichtmuseum
Kommern, Kln:66-73.
Faber,Michael H. 998: Larger events The
Funfair of yesteryear, Interpretation in Open
Air Museums. Transcripts from the training
seminar 24-26 June 998:48-57. Verband
Europischer Freilichtmuseen. Singleton.
Festin,Eric 96: Frn nabolandet i vster (Ur
anteckningar frn en studieresa i Norge
96), Jmten: 94-0.
Festin,Eric 928: Jmtsljd-Heimbygda 20 r.
En terblick. Jmten: 3-.

Filippova,A.A. 2004: Vitoslavlicy. Novgorodskij

Muzej narodnogo derevjannogo zodcestva.
Moscow.
Floris,Lene 994: Frilandsmuseets Skolestue.
Museumspaedagogik og formidling gennem
30 r. Dansk Tidskrift for Museumsformidling
4:69-80.
Fosa,Gheorghe 959/962: The Village Museum
in Bucharest. Bucharest 959, new ed.962.
Fosa,Gheorghe 972: Das Museum des Dorfes
Bucaresti. Bucaresti.
Ford,Henry 922: My Life and Work. London.
Ford,Henry 926: Today and Tomorrow.
London.
Ford,Henry 93: Moving Forward. London.
Fornvrdskommittn 922: Kulturhistoriska
freningar och samlingar. Srtryck ur Kungl.
Fornvrdskommittns betnkande. Stockholm.
Forsslund,Karl-Erik 900: Storgrden. En bok
om ett hem. Stockholm.
Forsslund,Karl-Erik 94: Hembygdsvrd.
Stockholm.
Fortier,John 978/99: Thoughts on the Recreation and Interpretation of Historical
Environments, in Schedule and Papers of
the Third International Congress of Maritime Museums, 978, reprinted in Anderson
99:8-24.
Fortier,John 98/99: Louisburg. Managing a
Moment in Time, in Anderson 99:35-45.
Fosdick,Raymond B.956: John D.Rockefeller,
Jr. A Portrait. New York.
Freas,Dan 2000: Orientation to First-Person
Interpretation: A Three-Part Approach.
ALHFAM Proceedings:73-74.
Freier,Ute und Peter 2000: Freilichtmuseen
in Deutschland und seine Nachbarlndern.
Mnchen.
Gailey,Alan 990: Cultural Identity and the
Open-air Museum: The Challenge of
Cultural Change, Tagungsberichte: 2-30.
Gailey,Alan 992: Conflict-resolution in Northern Ireland: the role of the folk museum.
Museum (UNESCO) No.75:65-69.
Gailey,Alan 2000: Domesticating the Past: The
Development of Open-Air Museums, Folk
Life Vol.38, 999-2000:7-2.
Gammersvik,got 2004: Maihaugen 00 r,
Maihaugen rbok: 27-220.
Gammon,Billie & Richards,Glenda 978:
Rural Reflections. A Living History Program
At Norlands. Livermore.
Gammon,Mrs.Alfred 98: Norlands Adult Live
In. Livermore.
Gammon,Mrs.Alfred (no date): Norlands
Schoolhouse. Livermore.
Garnier,Charles-Ammann A. 892: LHabitation
humaine. Paris.
Geijerstam,Gustaf af 892: Hur tankarna
komma och g. Intryck frn Skansen, Ord
& Bild:8-27.

53

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2007-02-05 16:08:37

George,Alberta Sebolt 990: Managing for the

Future, ALHFAM Proceedings:24-27.
George,Alberta Sebolt 996: Presidents
message, in McCallum 996:7-8.
Gerits,Jan 992: Denkend aan dr.Jozef Weyns,
Heemkunde in Vlaanderen:huldeboek dr Jozef
Weyns. Winksele (Boek en Vorm): 9-5.
Gjestrum,John Aage, 200: Museumsmaend
og deres skidne ti, Nordisk museologi, -2:
2-32.
Gooch,Pernille 200: Experimentell agrarhistoria p Kulturens starp, Kulturen:20-33.
Goodacre,BethBaldwin,Gavin 2002: Living
the Past. Reconstruction, Recreation , Reenactment and Education at Museums and Historical Sites. London (Middlesex University
Press).
Goodwin,Rutherford, 94: A Brief & True
Report Concerning Williamsburg in Virginia:
Being an Account of the most important
Occurrences in that Place from its first
Beginning to the present Time. 3rd edition,
Williamsburg.
Goodwin,W.A.R. 937: The Restoration of
Colonial Williamsburg, The National
Geographic Magazine, April:402-443.
Gormsen,Gudrun 989: Living Historical
Actualities at the Open-Air Museum at
Hjerl Hede, ALHFAM Proceedings.
Gradmann,Eugen 90: Heimatschutz und
Landschaftspflege. Stuttgart.
Gram,Magdalena 2005: Nordiska museets
mrke, in Svensson, Birgitta (red.):
Freml fr forskning. Stockholm (Nordiska
museet):22-34.
Grandien,Bo 99: Grogrunden. Tiden fre
89, in Skansen under hundra r, 99:932.
Graur,Tiberiu 99: Ethnographic museum of
Transylvania and the ethnographic national
park a hope for the future of our forgotten
past, Tagungsberichte 99:5-7.
Greenleaf,William 964: From these beginnings. The early Philantropies of Henry and
Edsel Ford,1911-1936. Detroit (Wayne State
University Press).
Greenspan,Anders 2002: Creating Colonial
Williamsburg. Washington (Smithsonian
Institution).
Gretschel,MatthiasOrtwin,Pelc 998: Hagenbeck, Tiere, Menschen, Illusionen. Hamburg.
Grimm,Birgit 997: Wilhelm II och Norge, in
Skandinavien och Tyskland 800-94. Berlin
(Jovis Verlagsbro/Nationalmuseum): 002.
GSchwend, Max 998: Geschichte und
Geschichten, in Ballenberg Jahrbuch 998:2845.
Gushchin,Boris A.&Viola A.Gushchina 992:
Everyone needs Kizhi!, Museum (UNESCO),
No 75:70-73.
Gustafsson,Gotthard 953: Skansens handbok i
vrden av gamla byggnader. Stockholm.
Gustavsson,Karin 997: Gisela Trapp, Kring
Krnan: 43-63

Gynnild,Svein 993: Vern og visjon. Rros og

Trndelag Folkemuseum. Bakgrunn, forml og
utvikling. Hovedoppgave i historie, Universitetet i Trondheim.
Haan,David de 996: Ironbridge from
Museum to World Heritage Site, Nordisk
museologi: 2:4-50.
Haarstad,Kjell 986: Den lokalhistoriske
bevegelsen i Norge, bakgrunn og oppkomst.
Heimen 2:42-49.
Haffner,Susanne 997: Freizeitparks. Dsselfdorf.
Hhnel,Joachim 983: Das Rheinische Freilichtmuseum Planung und Aufbau, 25 Jahre
Rheinisches Freilichtmuseum Kommern,
Kln:25-78.
Hallstrm,Gunnar 905: Vid Gunnar Hazelius
ddslger. Ord & Bild:27-29.
Hamilton,J.G. de Roulhac 93: The Ford
Museum. The American Historical Review,
Vol. XXXVI, Nr 4, July 93:772-775.
Hammarlund-Larsson,Cecilia 2004: I denna
tid af slapp nationalknsla. Om Artur
Hazelius, vetenskapen och nationen, i
Hammarlund-Larsson et al, Samhllsideal
och framtidsbilder.Perspektiv p Nordiska
museets dokumentation och forskning: -66.
Stockholm (Carlssons).
Hammarstedt,Nils Edvard 902: Artur
Hazelius, Nornan, Svensk kalender: -3.
Hamp,Steven K. 2006: The Value Exchange:
Museums and Their Context, Curator
vol.49, no.:25-54.
Handler,Richard-Gable,Eric 997: The New
History in an Old Museum: Creating the
Past at Colonial Williamsburg. Durham NC
(Duke University Press).
Hardin,Wes (ed) 999: An American Invention:
The Story of Henry Ford Museum and Greenfield Village. Ed. by Wes Hardin, William
S.Pretzer, Susan M.Steele. Dearborn.
Harris,R.(ed) 987: Weald & Downland Open
Air Museum. Guidebook. Singleton.
Harris,Richard 990: The Bayleaf Medieval
Farmstead. The Reseach. A Road to Discovery. Singleton.
Harris,Richard 997: A True Cottage. Weald &
Downland Magazine, Vol.8, No 7.
Harris,Richard 998: Buildings as technical
entities. Interpretation in Open Air Museums.
Transcripts from the training seminar 24-26
June 998. Singleton:-0.
Hawes,Edward L. 976/99: The Living
Historical Farm in North America: New
Directions in Research and Interpretation,
in AHLFAM Annual 976, reprinted in
Anderson 99:79 97.
Hawes,Edward L.984: New directions in the
agriculture and rural-life museums in the
U.K., Museum (ICOM), No.43:38-45.
Hawes.Edward L.Koulouris,Helen D.992:
After the Fall, Museum News, May-June:555,77-78.

54

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Hawes,Edward L.994: Icons, Museum Eyes,

and Other Realities: Rural Life as Represented in National Museums in Germany,
England, and Denmark, ALHFAM Proceedings:9-20.
Hawes,Edward L. 2000: Central Europes
Open Air Museums: Between Myths and
Realities. ALHFAM Proceedings:29-34.
Hazelius,Artur 873: Ngra anvisningar vid
samlandet av folkdrgter och bohag mm.
Skandinavisk Etnografisk Samling i hufvudstaden. Stockholm.
Hazelius,Artur 900: Ur Nordiska museets historia. Nordiska museets tjugofemrsminne 18731898. Stockholm:-55.
Hazelius,Artur (utg) 90: Sommarbilder frn
Skansen. Stockholm.
Hazelius,Artur (utg) (no date): Bilder frn
Skansen. Skildringar af svensk natur och
svenskt folklif. Stockholm.
Hazelius,Gunnar 906:Om patriotism. Ord &
Bild :49-54.
Heckscher,Eli F. 937: Tre generationer. Johan
August Artur Gunnar Hazelius. Ord och
Bild::9- 27.
Hegard,Tonte 984: Romantikk og fortidsvern.
Oslo.
Hegard,Tonte 994A: Hans Aall mannen,
visjonen og verket. Oslo (Norsk Folkemuseum).
Hegard,Tonte 994B: Museet i parken.
Bygdy, Drmmen om Arkadia, Byminner
nr 2/3:00-29.
Heidrich, Hermann 2005: Freilichtmuseen im
Spannungsfeld von Wissenschaft, Kommerzialisierung und Freizeitkultur, Tagungsberichte.
Heikel,Axel O. 92: Friluftsmuseet p Flisn.
Finskt museum XIX:-9, 78-82.
Hein,Hilde 990: the exploratorium. The
Museum as Laboratory, Washington and
London (Smithsonian Institution Press).
Hellbom,Thorleif 99: Fred, vardagsliv
och museistrid, Skansen under hundra
r,99:39-78.
Hellman,Bo 962: Museer, hembygdsrrelse
och kulturminnesvrd, i Vsternorrland. Ett
sekel 1862-1962. Hrnsand:48-73.
Hellman,Theodor 98: Freningen fr
norrlndsk hembygdsforskning. Dess
uppkomst, arbete och uppgifter, Arkiv fr
norrlndsk hembygdsforskning:3-5.
Hesselgren, A. 897: Utstllningen i Stockholm
1897. Beskrifning i ord och bild. Stockholm.
Hillstrm,Magdalena 2006: Ansvaret fr kulturarvet. Studier i det kulturhistoriska museets
formering med srskild inriktning p Nordiska museets etablering 1872-1919. Linkping
Studies in Arts and Science No. 363.
Hirschfeld,Christian 990: Theorie der
Gartenkunst. In Ausz. Vorgestellt, herausg.
F. Ehmke. Stuttgart.
hjemme best. Maihaugen rbok 998.
Hjerl Hansen,Finn 980: Hjerl Hede. Frednin-

gen og frilandsmuseet ved Flynders. Kbenhavn.

Hoffman,Marta 980: On the History of the
Norsk Folkemuseum. Tagungsberichte:9708.
Hofren,E-Hvarfner,H-Rentzhog,SZachrisson,S. 970: 70-talets museum.
Stockholm.
Holm,Peter 927: Den gamle bys historie,
Kbstadmuseet Den gamle by rbog: 5-28.
Holm,Peter 933: Den gamle by i Aarhus.
Tidskrift fr hembygdsvrd: 96-0.
Holm,Peter 95: Den gamle By i Aarhus. Dens
Grundlaeggelse og Udvikling fra Borgmestergaard til Kbstadmuseum 1909-1945. rhus.
Holm,Peter 972: Peter Holm 1873-1973. Kbstadmuseet Den Gamle By rbog.
Holmgren,Ann Margret 928: Artur Hazelius,
Nordiska museets skapare. Verdandis
smskrifter nr 32. Stockholm.
Holst, (Christian) 886: Fjerde beretning om
Bygd Kongsgaard. Christiania.
Horton,James O. 2000: Controversies and
Representations at Historic Sites Presenting Slavery; The Perils of Telling Americas
Racial History. ALHFAM Proceedings:326.
Hosar,Kre 996: Hjemmet p museum.
Hjeminredning p Maihaugen i et historisk
perspektiv, in E.Johnsen, M.Bing, L.H.Boe
(red.), Menneske og boligmilj, KULTs skriftserie nr.69, Oslo.
Hosmer,Charles B.Jr. 965: The Presence of the
Past. A History of the Preservation Movement
in the United States before Williamsburg. New
York.
Hosmer,Charles B.Jr. 98: Preservation Comes
of Age. From Williamsburg to the National
Trust,1926-1949. New York.
Hudson,Kenneth 987: Museums of Influence.
Cambridge University Press.
Hughes,Robert 988: The Fatal Shore, New
York (Knopf ) 986.
Hurt,R.Douglas 980/99: Agricultural Museums: A New Frontier for the Social Sciences,
in History Teacher 1980, reprinted in Anderson 99:6368.
Hvarfner, Harald 966: Norrbottens museum.
Frsksmuseum, Lule (stencil).
Indns,Juris 99: Lettland das Freilichtmuseum und der Nationalismus, Tagungsberichte: 0-2
Indns,Juris 997: Freilichtmuseum und Zeit/
The Open Air Museum and Time, Tagungsberichte: 50-63
Jacobsen,Gaute
2004:
fremtidshuset@maihaugen.no . Maihaugen
rbok:57-65.
Jmten 986, red. Sten Rentzhog (Temargng
om lnsmuseets och hembygdsrrelsens
historia i Jmtlands ln). stersund.
Jamtli Historieland 1999. Kulturellt utvecklings-

55

OAM_Book.indb 515

2007-02-05 16:08:40

centrum. Turistiskt nyckelprojekt. Frslag frn

Jamtliutredningen. stersund.
Janisch,Peter, 995: Religion in Daily Life in the
Open-Air Museum The Example of the
Hessenpark Open-Air Museum, Tagungsberichte:44-5.
Jrvel-Hynunen,Raija 992: Seurasaari. The
Open-Air Museum in Pictures. Vammala
(The National Board of Antiquities).
Jensen,Chr.Axel 972: Peter Holm som museumsmand og ven, Kbstadmuseet Den
Gamle By rbog: 83-93.
Jensen,Inger 2004: Friluftsmuseet fortidsromantikk eller samtidsrealisme? Samtida inn
i friluftsmuseet. Museum i friluft. By og Bygd
XXXVIII: 56-75.
Jensen,Niels Erik 200: Frilandsmuseets
bygninger. Nyt fra Nationalmuseet, Nr
9:8-2.
Jeppesen,Torben Grongaard 989: Funen
Village Open-Air Museum, ALHFAM
Proceedings:38-40.
Johannisson,Bengt 2005: Entreprenrskapets
vsen. Lund (Studentlitteratur).
Jong,Adriaan de 988: Vom Traditioneller
Leben zur Alltagsgeschichte,Tagungsberich
te:20-25.
Jong,Adraan de 989: The Netherlands OpenAir Museum. ICOM Express, Saturday,
September 2, 989.
Jong,Adriaan de 993: Presenting community life in open air museums: Exhibition
or Performance? Tagungsberichte 993:6
66.
Jong,Adriaan de 995: The Open-air Museum
as a Pilgrimage Site? Tagungsberichte:668.
Jong,Adriaan de 996: Objects, Representation
and the Message. New trends in open air
museums. Contribution to the conference
of Swedish Open Air Museums (stencil).
Jong,Adriaan de 997A: You are lucky, the
farmer has just returned! The role of the
open air museum in interpreting life of
individuals as opposed to the history of
architecture,Tagungsberichte: 80-88.
Jong,Adriaan de 997B: Approaches and
Concepts. Museological, in Oliver, Paul
(ed.): Vernacular Architecture of the World,
Vol.. Cambridge University Press:49-52.
Jong,Ad de 200A: De dirigenten van de herinnering. Musealisering en nationalisering van
de volkscultuur in Nederland. Nijmegen.
(German edition see de Jong 2006).
Jong,Adriaan de 200B: Hazelius revisited?
Survival of a 9th century idea in the 2st
century, Tagungsberichte:69-72.
Jong,Ad de 2006: Die Dirigenten der Erinnerung. Musealisierung und Nationalisierung
der Volkskultur in den Niederlanden zwischen
1815 und 1940. Mnster (Waxmann).
Jong,Adrian de & Skougaard,Mette 992: Early
open-air museums:traditions of museums
about traditions, Museum (UNESCO) no.3:
5-57.

Jong,Adrian de & Skougaard,Mette 993:

The Hindelopen and the Amager Rooms.
Journal of the History of Collections 5, no.2:
6578.
Jontz,Polly 99: Balancing education and
entertainment in U.S. open-air museums,
Tagungsberichte: 28-32.
Jrgensen,Karsten 2004: To hundre rs internasjonal innflytelse p norsk landskapsarkitektur. Byggekunst, sept. 2004:35-43.
Kamphausen,Alfred 975: Viele Dcher unter
einem. Zur Geschichte des Schleswig-Holsteinischen Freilichtmuseums. Neumnster.
Kamphausen,Alfred 989: Das SchleswigHolsteinische Freilichtmuseum. Neumnster.
Karlin,Georg J:son 898: Museumssystem.
Kulturhistoriska meddelanden 1897-98 hfte
:3-6.
Karlin,Georg J:son 908: Kulturhistoriska
museet i Lund 1882-1907. Lund.
Karlin,Georg J:son 924: Kulturhistoriska
museets starp. Dess natur, historia och
ndaml. Fstskrift vid invigningen den 2
aug. 1924. Lund.
Karlin,Georg J:son932: Kulturhistorisk frening
och museum i Lund 1882-1932. Malm.
Karlin,G. J:son 934: Mitt sista r p Kulturen.
Lund.
Keim,Helmut 986: Freilichtmuseum des
Bezirks Oberbayern an der Glentleiten
Museumsarbeit im Umbruch. Acta Scansenologica 4:07-5.
Keim, Helmut 2005: Historische Kulturlandschaft als Museumsexponat, Tagungsberichte.
Kelsey,Darwin P. (ed) 972: Farming in the New
Nation. Interpreting American Agriculture
1790-1840. Washington (The Agricultural
History Society).
Kelsey,Darwin P. 975/99: Historical Farms
as Models of the Past, ALHFAM Proceedings
975, reprinted in Anderson 99:73-78.
Kelsey,Darwin P. 976/99: Harvests of
History, Historic Preservation 28, 976,
reprinted in Anderson 99:6972.
Kemp,John 990: World View And The Interpreter, ALHFAM Proceedings:68-72.
Kempers,A.J.Bernet 973: Het begon in Bokrijk. Volkskunde LXXIV:20-208.
Kempers,A.J.Bernet 983: Der Verband
europischer
Freilichtmuseen
und
A.Zippelius. Rheinisch-westflische Zeitschrift
fr Volkskunde, Band XXVIII, Bonn und
Mnster:-20.
Keyzer,Laurens de 200:The Open-Air Museum
Bokrijk. Bruges (Ludion Guides).
Kjaer,Birgitte 984: Et museum bliver til, Den
gamle by rbog: 9-32.
Kjerstrm Sjlin,Eva 200: livet har sledes
icke upphrt, det fortgr, Kulturen:6477.
Klein,Ernst 930: Nordiska museet svenska

56

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folkets egendom. Ett femtiorsminne. Nordisk tidskrift:8-03

Klein,Janine 997: Vang stavkirke reiser til Berlin,
in Skandinavien och Tyskland 1800-1914:
8-85, Berlin (Jovis Verlagsbro/Nationalmuseum).
Klem,Knud 972: Peter Holm og danske
museer. Kbstadmuseet Den Gamle By
rbog: 73-82.
Kley,Ron 976: Norlands: A Case Study of
Small-Scale Funding for a Living History
Operation, ALHFAM Proceedings:20-24.
Klueting,Edeltraud (Hrsg.) 99: Antimodernismus und Reform. Beitrge zur Geschichte der
deutschen Heimatbewegung. Darmstadt.
Knudson,Douglas M Cable,Ted T
Beck,Larry 999: Interpretation of Cultural
and Natural Resources. State College, PA
(Venture Publishing Inc).
Koenig,Wilhelm, 898: Ein eigenartiges Museum
fr Natur- und Vlkerkunde. Stockholm 898.
(Srtryck ur Illustrierten Familien-Zeitschrift
Universum, XIII Jahrgang, Heft 2. Leipzig
896,897).
Kopper,Philip 986: Colonial Williamsburg.
New York (Harry N.Abrams.Inc.).
Kos, Anton 2002: Demonstration of Traditional Crafts in Open Air Museums: a
Mean (or Way) to Pass on Knowledge, in
Working Session of the Association of European Open Air Museums, Muzej Staro Salo,
Kumrovec, Croatia, September 2002.
Kufel,Tadeusz 999: Muzeum Budownictwa
Ludowego Park Etnografisczny/Freilichtmuseum Ethnografischer Park in Olsztynek.
Olsztynek.
Kulik,Gary 989: Designing the Past: HistoryMuseum Exhibitions from Peale to the
Present, in Leon- Rosenzweig 989:3-37.
Kulturen runt. Lund 977.
Kuplais,Martins 997: Estland, Lettland, Lita
uen,Tagungsberichte:38-48.
Laenen,Mark 974: ber einige Aspekte der
edukativen Arbeit im Flmischen Freilichtmuseum Bokrijk, Tagungsberichte:49-52.
Laenen,Mark 976: Einige grundstzliche
Bemerkungen zu den edukativen Aufgaben
und Mglichkeiten der Freilichtmuseen,
Tagungsberichte:84-92.
Laenen,Mark 982: Open Air Museums and
Society, Tagungsberichte:45-5.
Laenen,Mark 989: Provincial Open-Air
Museum Bokrijk. Guide. Brussels.
Laenen,Mark 99: Open-air museums and
architecture, Tagungsberichte: 33-5.
Lagercrantz,Bo 99: Nordiska museet,
Skansen och hembygdsrrelsen, Skansen
under hundra r: 77-96.
Lang,Merike 995: Estnisches Freilichtmuseum
als eine Wiederspiegelung der Geschichte
und der volkstmlichen Baukunst Estlands.
Acta Scansenologica 7:27-43.
Lang,Merike (no date): The Estonian Open-Air
Museum, Tallin.

Langer,Ji 986: Dzianoc muzeum na wolnym

powietrzu w Ronovie pod Radhotem. Acta
Scansenologica 4:53-70.
Langer,Jr 2005: Evropsk muzea v prod.
Baset (Atlas Primtek).
Larkin,Jack 996: A Great Picture of Society,in
Mc Callum 996: 9-.
Larkin,Jack-Ashton,Mark 996: Celebrating
50 years of History. Old Sturbridge Visitor,
Spring 996:4- 6; Summer 996:6-7.
Larkin,Jack-Sloat,Caroline 983: The Four
Seasons at Old Sturbridge Village, A Guidebook. Old Sturbridge.
Laszlo,Maggie, 984: The Village of Villages.
European Museum of the Year Award 1984.
Zuiderzeemuseum.
LeBreton,Clarence, 2003: Yesterday in Acadia.
Scenes from the Village Historique Acadien.
Quebc (Les ditions Faye).
Ledin,Gunnel 994: Erik Fundin 1843-1932,
skapare av Hrjedalens Fornminnesfrening.
Funsdalen.
Leduc,Norbert 983: Zur Geschichte des
Rheinischen Freilichtmuseums, in 25 Jahre
Rheinisches Freilichtmuseum Kommern, Kln
983:2-24.
Leinhardt,Gaea-Crowley,Kevin
Knutson,Karen 2002: Learning Conversations in Museums. London & New Jersey
(Laurence Erlbaum).
Leon,WarrenPiatt,Margaret 989: LivingHistory Museums, in Leon-Rosenzweig:
History Museums in the United States: 6497.
Leon,Warren-Rosenzweig,Roy (ed) 989:
History Museums in the United States: A
Critical Assessment. Urbana (University of
Illinois Press).
Leone,Mark 98/99: The Relationships
Between Artifacts and the Public in Outdoor
History Museums, New York Academy of
Science Annals:30-33, reprinted in Anderson 99:75-83.
Leslie,Kim 990: Weald & Downland Open
Air Museum. The Founding Years 1965-1970.
Weald & Downland, Singleton.
Lewis,Peter 996: Oblandat tvivel och inre
gldje.Museet som makt och motstnd. Festskrift till Erik Hofrn, Norrkping:33-40.
Lewis,Peter 997: The sense of the past.
Going too far or not far enough? Tagungsberichte:46-59
Lewis,Peter 200: What did Confucius know of
dinosaurs? Tagungsberichte: 266-268.
Lignell,Carl 94: Fornvallen Jamtli. En kort
historia om dess tvriga tillvaro, Jmten:3767.
Lindberg,Ernst Folke 957: Gunnar Hazelius
och Nordiska museets installationsfrga, Rig
:65-5 (Eng. summary).
Lindblom,Andreas 930: Tal vid Nordiska
museets 50-rsjubileum, Fataburen:60-67.
Lindblom,Andreas (utg) 933: En bok om
Skansen, till hundrarsminnet av Artur
Hazelius fdelse. Stockholm.

57

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2007-02-05 16:08:42

Lindblom,Andreas 934: Hazeliusjubileet,

Fataburen:7-27.
Lindblom,Andreas 949: Nordiska museet 75
r, Fataburen:7-8.
Lindblom,Andreas 952: De gyllene ren. Stockholm.
Lindblom,Andreas 954: Utsikt frn Skansen.
Stockholm.
Linder,Gurli 898: Nordiska museet 25 r, Idun
28.0.898 (omtryckt i Nordiska museets
tjugofemrsminne 1873-1898, Stockholm
900:33-37).
Linder,Gurli 98: Sllskapsliv i Stockholm under
1880- och 1890-talen. Stockholm.
Lindqvist,Gunnar 97: Hembygdsrrelsen
i Jnkpings ln, Smlndska kulturbilder
:20-33.
Lindstrm,Mrta 982: Konstindustrianstalten
och lotteriet. Kulturen:49-62
Linsley,Stafford M. 2000: Industrial archaeology in the North East of England,852900, Perspectives on Industrial Archeology,
ed. N.Cossons, London 2000 (Science
Museum):5- 38.
Living History. Open Air Museum for the North
of England. Barnard Castle (968).
Longsworth,Charles R.98: Communicating
the Past to the Present. Report on The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation 1980 and 1981.
Williamsburg.
Lovric,Branka Sprem 2003: Craft demonstrations in Open Air Museums: Fiction Versus
Authenticity, Tagungsberichte:56-64.
Lowenthal,David 966/99: The American
Way of History, Columbia University Forum
9, No. 3:27- 32; reprinted In Anderson
99:57-62.
Lowenthal,David 985: The Past is a Foreign
Country. Cambridge University Press.
Lowenthal,David 990: The Dying Future
The Living past? ALHFAM Proceedings:3.
Lundstrm,Catarina, 2005A: Fruars makt och
omakt. Kn, klass och kulturarv 1900-1940.
Ume.
Lundstrm,Catarina, 2005 B: Den hemvvda
historien. Kulturarv och Historiebruk. Fornvrdaren 28. stersund:0-5.
MacDonald,George F.& Alsford,Stephen 989:
A museum for the global village. Hull.
Maclean,Terry 998: The Making of Public
History: A Comparative Study of Skansen,
Colonial Williamsburg..and the Fortress
of Louisburg, Material History Review 47
(Spring 998):2-32.
Maihaugen 2004: Maihaugen 00 r evig
ung. Maihaugen rbok 2004.
Maincheva,Anna 992: Almighty time. Museum
(UNESCO) No.75.
Marky,Peter 990: Die Mitwirkendertypen
und ihre Kulturaktivitten in den regionalen
Freilichtmuseen in der Slowakei, Tagungsberichte :94-99.

Marky,Peter (ed.) 994: Open Air Museums in

Slovakia. Bratislava.
Marciniak,Maria Jolanta 986: Ziele w Parku
Etnograficznym Muzeum Budownictwa
Ludowego w Sanoku metody, bada,
upraw, ochrony/Greenery in the Ethnographical Park of the Museum of F Folk
Building in Sanok. Acta Scansenologica 4
:20-22.
Marschall,Birgit 99: Reisen und Regieren. Die
Nordlandfahrten Kaiser Wilhelms II. Heidelberg.
Martinussen,Atle Ove 2004: Vidarefring
av handlingsboren kunnskap. Maihaugen
rbok 2004:9- 99.
Mastromarino,Mark A.989:Interpreting Early
American Agricultural Fairs, ALHFAM
Proceedings:90- 95.
Matelic,Candace T.980: Through the Historical Looking Glass. Museum News March/
April:35-45.
Matelic,Candace T.988: American open-air
museums. Types, work methods and tourism, Tagungsberichte: 79-82.
Matelic,Candace T.99: Overview of the openair museum idea in America summary of
developmental trends and current issues,
Tagungsberichte:22-24.
Mathisen,Kjell Marius 2004: bygge en
by Byen og Boligfeltet p Maihaugen.
Maihaugen rbok 2004:3-55.
Mattsson,Anders 970: Minnen. Jmten :732.
Maure,Marc 994: GHR Georges Henri
Rivire og folkemuseets genesis i Frankrike,
Nordisk museologi 2:2-3.
Maure,Marc 995: Dukker, gjenferd og
skuespillere Bondekulturen iscenesatt av
Artur Hazelius, Bernard Olsen og Anders
Sandvig. Dugnad:: 57-9.
Maure,Marc 2004: Bnder, nder, dukker og
skuespillere i de frste folkemuseene, Nordisk museologi::59-84.
McCallum,Kent 996: Old Sturbridge Village.
New York.
Medelius,Hans 998A: Installationen, Nordiska
museet under 125 r. Stockholm:26-53.
Medelius,Hans 998B: Nya satsningar och
framgngar. Nordiska museet under 125 r.
Stockholm:32-343.
Meiners,Uwe (Hrsg) 997: 75 Jahre Heimatmuseum-Museumsdorf-Niederschsiches Freilichtmuseum in Cloppenburg. Cloppenburg.
Meiners,Uwe 2005: Der Spinne im Netz.
Das Freilichtmuseum als Partner regionaler
Baudenkmal- und Kulturlandschaftspflege.
Tagungsberichte.
Meyer,Niels 2005: To preserve heritage by
keeping up good trade and craftsmanship,
Tagungsberichte 2005.
Michelsen,Peter 964: Nordamerikanske
friluftsmuseer, Budsticken :27-50.
Michelsen Peter 966: Afgraensningen fremefter
i tid for museernas virksomhet. Friluftsmuse-

58

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ernas stllning i dagens samhlle. Symposium

p Skansen 7-8 maj 966 (stencil).
Michelsen,Peter 972: Museerna og samtiden.
Kbenhavn (Nationalmuseet).
Michelsen,Peter 973: Frilandsmuseet ved Sorgenfri. Museets historie og gamle huse. Nationalmuseet (ny uppl. 984, tredje uppl.985).
English edition 973: Frilandsmuseet.The
Danish Museum Village at Sorgenfri. The
National Museum of Denmark.
Michelsen,Peter 974: Einige allgemeine
Bemerkungen ber die edukativen Aufgaben und Mglichkeiten der Freilichtmusee
n,Tagungsberichte :23
Michelsen,Peter 976: Vi en grd jer bygget
har. Frilandsmuseet ved Sorgenfri 1901-1976.
Kbenhavn (Nationalmuseet).
Michelsen,Peter 990: Fortid p Friland.
Hvordan et frilandsmuseum bliver til. Kbenhavn (Frilandsmuseets venner og Greens
forlag).
Midura,Franciszek 98: Skansen Museology in
Poland, in Czajkowski 98:32-55.
Millrath,Sigrid 993: Tror frken det klarnar?
Sigrid Millraths minnen frn Oscar II:s tid och
Artur Hazelius Skansen. Stockholm (Nordiska museet).
Mork,Paul 998: Museer i Australia ved fem
av dem. Museumsnytt 6: 6-7.
Mowat,Philip 2005: Retracing the Footsteps of
Emigrants. Recreating the movement and
settlement of Ulster immigrants in America
in an open air museum in Northern Ireland,
Tagungsberichte.
Morris,Jane 2005: Nederlands Openluchtmuseum. A breath of fresh air. Museum Practice
25, Winter 2005:24-29.
Moscardo,GiannaPearce,Philip L. 986:
Historic Theme Parks. An Australian Experience in Authenticity, Annals of Tourism
Research, Vol.3:467-479.
Mller,Sophus 897: Museum og interir, Tillskueren, september 897:683-700.
Murray,William G.97: The Martin Flynn
Farm. From Public Land in 845 to Living
History Farms in 970. Annals of Iowa,
Vol.40, No.7. Des Moines.
Murray,William G.975: Financing the Living
History Farms: A Personal Account,
ALHFAM Proceedings.
Murray,William G.98: Making Friends for
Making Funds. ALHFAM Proceedings:5963.
Murray,William G.983: The origin of Living
History idea. The Almanac Souvenir Edition.
Living History Farms.
Murray,William G.987: Walking Through
Farm History an Update, ALHFAM
Proceedings:9-9.
Muzeul satului si de arta populara romania/
Village and folk art museum romania. Muzeul
Satului 1936- 1986. Bucuresti 986.
Mygind,Finn 2005: Historien om Hjerl Hedes
Frilandsmuseum. Hjerl Hede.

Mystic Seaport. The First Fifty Years. Mystic,

Conn. 980.
Nse,Li (red.)990: Ur Sagalunds gmmor,
Folkloristiska institutionen vid bo akademi
smskrifter . bo.
Nse,Li (red.)2000: Sagalund, Min kostbara
leksak. Kimito (Sagalunds museum).
Nicolaysen,Nicolay 885: Gols kirke paa Bygd.
Gols gamle stavkirke og Hovestuen paa Bygd
Kongsgaard. Christiania.
Nielsen,Yngvar 885: Hovestuen og Berdalstaburet paa Bygd. Illustrationer til Hovestuen og Berdalstaburet paa Bygd Kongsgaard.
Christiania.
Noble,Ross, 998: Storytellers and museum
interpretation. Interpretation in Open Air
Museums. Transcripts from the training
seminar 24-26 June 998:3-36. Verband
Europaischer Fr Freilichtmuseen. Singleton.
Noble,Ross 200:We need to save more than
buildings. Tagungsberichte :05-09.
Nordby,E.J. 980: Vesterheim Outdoor
Museum, Tagungsberichte :58-59.
Nordenson,Eva 99: Skansen during 00 years,
Tagungsberichte: 50-55.
Nyrop-Christensen,Henrik 984: Peter Holm
og hans museum. Den gamle by rbog :3368.
Nystrm,Bengt 998: Att gra det frflutna
levande, Nordiska museet under 125 r, Stockholm :52-87.
NYT fra Nationalmuseet nr.9, juni-juli-augusti
200 (Temanummer om Frilandsmuseet 00
r).
Ohlsson,Karin 997: Fredriksdalsminnen.
Kring Krnan :65-80.
Olmert,Michael 998: Official Guide to Colonial Williamsburg. New Edition. Williamsburg.
Olsen,Bernhard 885: Dansk Folkemuseum.
Illustreret Tidende 884-85:573-578.
Olsen,Bernard 897A: De gamle Huse i Kongens
Have: Vejviser i Bygningsmuseet . Kbenhavn.
Olsen,Bernard 897B: Friluftsmuseer, Salmonsens Konversationsleksikon. Kbenhavn.
Ottenjann,Heinrich 956: Das Museumsdorf
in Cloppenburg. Zeitschrift fr Heimat und
Kultur, H.:3- 0.
Ottenjann,Helmut 990: Everyday History
in the Open-air Museum, Tagungsberichte
:53-59.
Pall,Istvan 980: Open Air Museum in Sst.
Acta Scansenologica :7-28.
Palm,Per-Olof 99: Alarik Behm och Carl
Fries zoologer p Skansen. Skansen under
hundra r. Hgans (Bra Bcker): 5-38.
Passarge,L. 897: Das Nordische Museum und
Skansen. Stockholm (Sonderdruck aus
Passarge: Schweden, Fahrten in Schweden
besonders in Nordschweden und Lappland,
Berlin 897).

59

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Pattersson,John 986/99: Connor Prairie

Refocuses Its Interpretive Message to Include
Controversial Subjects, History News, March
986:2-5, reprinted in Anderson 99:58.
Pedersen,Ragnar 2003: Noen trekk av museenes
historie i Norge frem til tidlig 900-tall, in
Amundsen, A.B. et al, Museer i fortid og
ntid. Oslo (Novus Forlag) 2003:25-45.
Pedersen,Ragnar 2004: Anders Sandvigs museumssyn verdier og ider. Maihaugen rbok:
-3.
Percy,David O. 98: Living Historical Farms:
The Working Museums. Accoceek Foundation.
Perkins,Martin C. 99: Old World Wisconsin:
Preserving a states ethnic architectural traditions, Tagungsberichte: 78-85.
Permilovskaya, Anna 2002: Traditions in
Carpentry in the Russian North and their
Realization in the Open Air Museum, in
Working Session of the Association of European Open Air Museums, Muzej Staro Salo,
Kumrovec, Croatia, September 2002:4358.
Perrin,Richard W.E. 975: Outdoor Museums.
Milwakuee.
Pesch,Dieter 983: Einfhrung, 25 Jahre Rheinisches Frelichtmuseum Kommen, Kln: 8-.
Pessireron,Sylva 2003: Molukkers in Nederland.
Wij kwamen hier op dienstbevel , Arnhem
(Nederlands Openluchtmuseum).
Petersson,Bodil 2003: Frestllningar om det
frflutna. Arkeologi och rekonstruktion. Lund
(Nordic Academic Press).
Phillips,Charles 983: Greenfields Changing
Past, History News: 9-4.
Pttler,Viktor Herbert 970: Fhrer durch das
sterreichisches Freilichtmuseum. Stbing
bei Graz.
Pttler,Viktor Herbert 99: Geschichte und
Realisierung der Idee des Freilichtmuseums
in sterreich. sterreichische Zeitschrift fr
Volkskunde, Band XLV/94: 85-25. Wien.
Powell,Bob 993: The Traditional Rural
Image Are We Correct in Making Time
Stand Still Tagungsberichte: 56-57.
Pudor,Dr.H.90: Nordische Freiluft-Museen.
Deutsche Stimmen. Halbmonatschrift fr
vaterlndische Politik und Volkswirtschaft:
589-592.
Pudor,Heinrich 90: Museumsschulen. Museumskunde: 248-253.
Pudor, Heinrich 93: Heimbaukunst. Wittenberg (U.Zimsen Verlag).
Puijenbroek,Frans J.M.van, 988: Relationen
von klassischen Aufgaben und edukativen
Aspekten, Tagungsberichte: 4-9.
Puktrne,Tommy 986: Program fr projektering av Gde sjukhus till lnsmuseum.
Hrnsand 985-86 (stencil).
Rasmussen,Holger 966: The Origin and
Development of the Danish Folk Museum,

Dansk Folkemuseum & Frilandsmuseet: 7-36.

Kbenhavn (Nationalmuseet).
Rasmussen,Holger 979: Bernhard Olsen Virke
og Vaerker. Kbenhavn (Nationalmuseet).
Rasmussen,Holger 982: Georg Karlin och
Bernard Olsen, Kulturen: 36-48.
Rasmussen,Holger 993: Hvorfor opstod
Folkemuseet, Nordisk museologi: 2:28-38.
Rasmussen,Holger 997: Jeg har i Dag kbt
12 Tnder Land. Museumsmageren Bernard
Olsen. Kbenhavn (Nationalmuseet).
Rehnberg,Mats 943: Den 6 juni ett
halvsekelminne. Ord & Bild: 269-277
Rehnberg,Mats 957: The Nordiska Museet
and Skansen. An introduction to the history
and activities of a famous Swedish museum.
Stockholm.
Reid,Debra 99: Watch Your Step! The
cultural landscape in open-air museums and
historic sites in North America, Tagungsberichte: 29-226.
Reid,Debra 992: Responding to the Times:
Open-Air Museums and Modern Mandates
of Inclusion and Relevance, ALHFAM
Proceedings: 93-200.
Reid,Debra 994: Preserving the Twentieth
Century in Open-Air Museums, ALHFAM
Proceedings: 40-43.
Reid,Debra A. 997: Research and Living
History: Facing the Challenges, ALHFAM
Proceedings.
Reid,Debra A. 2000: Living History Social
History or Post-Modernism: Toward a
Historiography of Open-Air Museum Interpretation in the United States. ALHFAM
Proceedings: 35-40.
Reid,Debra A. 200: Material Culture and
Living History, ALHFAM Proceedings.
Reid,Debra A. 2003: Helping Interpreters Tell
the Tale: Suggested Readings on Interpretation, Material Culture, and Rural History.
ALHFAM Bulletin 33:30-36.
Rentzhog,Sten 973: Ett nytt Jamtli. Jmten:
93-98.
Rentzhog,Sten 977: Den svenska hembygdsrrelsen, Bygd och natur rsbok: 9-8.
Rentzhog,Sten 200A: Survival - a matter of
change. Tagungsberichte: 73-78.
Rentzhog,Sten 200B: Children and Open Air
Museums. Tagungsberichte: 24-28.
Rentzhog,Sten 2002: Jamtli, i Med tro p framtiden. stersunds-Posten 125 r. stersund:
3-36.
Rentzhog,Sten 2005: Samtiden en ny uppgift
fr friluftsmuseerna, Laboratorium fr folk
och kultur 4:9-22. bo.
Rentzhog,Sten 2006: Forskning och museer. En
debattskrift om museernas behov av kunskap
och forskningens behov av museer. Stockholm
(Nordiska museets frlag).
Ring,Herman A. 893: Skansen och Nordiska
museets anlggningar Djurgrden. Stockholm.
Ring,Herman A. 897: Skansen Friluftsmuseet
K. Djurgrden. Stockholm.

520

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Rivire,Georges-Henri 936/994: Les muses

de folklore letranger et le futur Muse
franais des arts et traditions populaires,
Revue de folklore franais et de folklore colonial, no.3, mai-juni 936; Folkemuseene i
utlandet og det fremtidige Muse franais
des arts et traditions populaires, Nordisk
museologi 994:2:7-20.
Robertshaw,Andrew 992: From Houses into
Homes. One Approach to Live Interpretation, Social History in Museums, Vol.9.
Robertshaw,Andy 997: A Dry Shell of the
Past. Living History and the interpretation
of historic houses. Historic Houses, July 997,
vol.2, No 3:7-20.
Robinson,Philip 995: Problems of representing Urban Life in Open-Air Museums,
Tagungsberichte 995:45-6.
Robinson,Philip 200: From Ulster Folk
Museum to the Living museum, Tagungsberichte:0-3.
Rockefeller,John D. 937: The Genesis of the
Williamsburg Restoration, The National
Geographic Magazine, April: 40.
Roede,Lars 2003: Diachronic Interpretation: A
Tenement-house in the Open Air Museum.
Tagungsberichte: 8-87.
Roede,Lars 2003: Kopi og original flytting og
autencitet, i Amundsen, A.B. m.fl, Museer
i ntid og fortid: 7-4, Oslo (Novus
Forlag).
Rosenthal,Ellen & Blankman-Hetrick,Jane
2002: Conversations Across Time: Family
Learning in a Living History Museum,
in
G.Leinhard,K.Crowley&K.Knutsen
(ed.), Learning Conversations in Museum,
Mahwah, New Jersey (Lawrence Erlbaum
Associates):305-329.
Rosander,Gran 967: Herrarbete. Dalfolkets
ssongvisa arbetsvandringar. Uppsala.
Roth,Martin 990: Heimatmuseen. Zur
Geschichte einer deutschen Institution. Berlin
(Gebr. Mann Verlag).
Rumar,Lars 985: Lillhrdalsgrdens historia.
HUR nr :5-34.
Rumar,Lars 986: I fosterlndsk och konstnrlig riktning, Jmten: 66-88.
Salin,Bernhard 909: Artur Immanuel Hazelius,
Nordisk Familjebok.
Salwa,Wojciech, 98: New Tasks of Skansen
Museology, in Czajkowski, J. (ed.): OpenAir Museums in Poland: 56-69. Sanok.
Samzelius,Hugo 893: Skansen. Nordiska
museets friluftsannex p kongl. Djurgrden.
Nornan, Svensk kalender fr 1893: 54-83.
Sandberg,Mark B. 2003: Living Pictures Missing
Persons. Mannequins, Museums and Modernity. Princeton University Press.
Sandstrm,Erika 2005: P den tiden, i dessa
dagar. Frestllningar om och bruk av historia
under Medeltidsveckan p Gotland och Jamtli
Historieland. stersund (Jamtli Frlag).
Sandstrm,Josef 90: Ornsstugan och dess
inventarier. Fataburen:23-220.

Sandvig,Anders 907: De Sandvigske Samlinger

i tekst og billeder. Et bidrag til Gudbrandsdalens kulturhistorie. Lillehammer.
Sandvig,Anders 928: De Sandvigske samlinger.
Fra aettegrden til husmannsplassen. Oslo.
Sandvig,Anders 947: I arbeid og fest. Oslo.
Sandvig,Anders 943/200: I praksis og p
samlerferd. 943. Tredje upplagan = Maihaugen rbok 2001.
Schlebecker,John T.967: The Past in Action.
Living Historical Farms. Washington D.C.
(Smithsonian Institution).
Schlebecher, John T.968: Living Historical
Farms: A Walk Into the Past. Washington
D.C. (Smithsonian Institution).
Schlebecker,John T.Peterson,Gale E. 972:
Living Historical Farms Handbook. Washington D.C.(Smithsonian Institution Press).
Schlereth,Thomas J. 98/99: It Wasnt That
Simple, in Museum News January-Februry
98, reprinted in Anderson 99:63-69.
Schfmann,Stefanie 2002: Was wchst denn da?
Historische Kulturlandschaft im Freilichtmuseum Glentleiten. Grossweil.
Schubert,Ottmar 975: Das Konzept des Frelichtmuseums des Bezirks Oberbayern an der
Glentleiten. Freundesbltter 2. Grossweil.
Schulze- Schmidt,B. 890: Bleistift-Skizzen.
Erinnerungen an die Pariser Weltausstellung
von 1889. Bremen.
Selling,Gsta 972: Peter Holm og de nordiske museer. Kbstadmuseet Den Gamle By
rbog: 62-72.
Sewan,Olga G. 995: Plany generalne i
poszzeglnych sektorw muzew na wolnym
powietrzu rejonw archangielskiego i wologodskiego - The methods of designing and
arranging open air museums in the Russian
North. Acta Scansenologica 7: 66-90
Sieraczkiewicz,Janwich,Jan 999: Skanseny.
The Open Air Museums of Poland. Olszanica.
Simmonds,William Adams 938: Henry Ford
and Greenfield Village. New York.
Sjberg-Pietarinen,Solveig 978: Nils Oskar
Jansson och Sagalund. Budkavlen 977978:70-87.
Sjberg-Pietarinen,Solveig 993: Nils Oskar
Jansson och Sagalund. Sagalund. Museiguide.
Sjberg-Pietarinen,Solveig 2004: Museer ger
mening. Friluftsmuseerna Klosterbacken och
Amuri som representationer. bo.
Skansen under hundra r, 99. Hgans (Bra
bcker).
Skougaard,Mette 99: Gardens and landscapes
at the open-air museum in Lyngby, Tagungsberichte: 208-20.
Skougaard,Mette 995: The Ostenfeld Farm at
the Open-air Museum: Aspects of the Role
of Folk Museums in Conflicts of National
Heritage, Nordisk museologi, 2:23-32.
Skramstad,Harold 2004: An Agenda for
Museums in the Twenty-first Century,

52

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in G.Anderson (ed.): Reinventing the

Museum:8-32, Walnut Creek (Altamira).
Skramstad.Harold and Susan 2005: Dreaming the Museum. Museum News March/
April:52-55.
Slettan,Dagfinn 986: Den lokalhistoriske
bevegelsen i Trndelag. Heimen 2:50-66.
Smithers,Helen 2005:Sovereign Hill, Ballarat
Australia. Ballarat.
Snow,Stephen Eddy 993: Performing the
Pilgrims. University Press of Mississippi.
Sgaard,Helge 972: Peter Holm og Den
Gamle By. Kbstadmuseet Den Gamle By.
rbog 972:99-2.
Sonnenschein,Helmut 984: Das Westflische
Freilichtmuseum Technischer Kulturdenkmale in Hagen. Tagungsberichte: 62-64.
Sonnenschein,F.H.Kleinert,Chr. 984: 1000
Jahre Technik- und Handwerksgeschichte.
Das Westflische Freilichtmuseum Technischer
Kulturdenkmale. Hagen.
Srlin,Sverker 998: Artur Hazelius och det
nationella arvet. Nordiska museet under 125
r: 6-39 Stockholm.
Staniknas,Vytautas 200: Lietuvos Kaimo
Muziejus The Lithuanian Open Air
Museum. Vilnius.
Steinmann,Ulrich 964: Die Entwicklung des
Museums fr Volskskunde von 889 bis
964. 75 Jahre Museum fr Volkskunde. Festschrift. Berlin.
Stenseth,Bodil 993: En norsk elite. Nasjonsbyggerne p Lysaker 1890-1940. Oslo (Aschehoug).
Sternschulte,Agnes 996: Felder und Wlder,
Grten und Tiere, in Baumeier-Carstensen
996: 75-92.
Stika,Jaroslav 976: Einige Erfahrungen bei der
pdagogischen Arbeit im Valassk Muzeum
in Ronov, Tagungsberichte: 03-06.
Stika,Jaroslav 982: Das Freilichtmuseum als
Zentrum des Kulturellen und Gesellschaftlichen Lebens, Tagungsberichte: 5-53.
Stika,Jaroslav 985:Valassk muzeum v prode
Ronov pod Radhotm. Neprodejn.
Stika,Jaroslav 986: Freilichtmuseum und der
regionale Patriotismus,Tagungsberichte:124128.
Stika,Jaroslav 990A: Das Streben nach der
Identitt im Freilichtmuseum, Tagungsberichte: 4-46.
Stika,Jaroslav 990B: Platz und Mglichkeiten
der Folklore und der Volksbruche im Freilichtmuseum, Tagungsberichte: 2-4.
Stjernstrm,Gust. 95: Skansen, friluftsmuseum, friluftsskola, friluftsteater. Fysisk
fostran 95 :29-23.
Stoica,GeorgetaGodea,Ioan 993: Muzeul
Satului Bucureti. Bucureti.
Stoklund,Bjarne 993: International Exhibitions and the New Museum Concept in
the Latter Half of the Nineteenth Century,
Ethnologia Scandinavica, 23:87-3.
Stoklund,Bjarne 200: Idn om ett friluftsmuseum, Kulturen: 0-27.

Stridsberg,Laura 97: Ur Skansens krnika.

Ngra erinringar vid dess frsta kvartssekel.
Ord & Bild: 2:65-80.
Stridsberg,Laura 933: Artur Hazelius i sin
brevvxling. Minnesbladet: 6-9, 9. (Nordiska museet).
Sugimoto,Hisatsugo 980: Open Air Museum
of Old Japanese Farm Houses in Toyonaka
City. Acta Scansenologica :33-46.
Sundin,Bo 986: Folkrrelser och kulturliv,
stersunds historia III: 25-228. stersund.
Svensson,Sigfrid 972: Under krisr och krigsr,
Fataburen: 57-74.
Svensson,Sigfrid 982: Georg J:son Karlin, Det
stora ventyret. Efterskrift. Kulturen: 34-35.
Tagungsberichte = Verband europischer Freilichtmuseen/Association of European Open
Air Museums, Conference Reports 1966/1972
2005. Most German articles have English
summaries.
The Williamsburg Restoration 93: Published
by the Williamsburg Holding Corporation
MCMXXXI, Williamsburg.
Theobald,Mary Miley 200: Colonial
Williamsburg. The First 75 Years. Williamsburg.
Thode-Aurora,Hilke 989: Fr fnzig Pfennig
im die Welt Die Hagenbeckschen Vlkerschauen. Frankfurt/New York.
Thome,David & Mary Jo 2003: Old World
Wisconsin. Americas Heartland: A Guide to
Our Past. Eagle.
Thompson,George B. 986: Some Considerations Concerning the Significance and
Status of Open Air Museums in Present-day
Society, Acta Scansenologica 4 :49-64.
Tichinov, V.V. 2003: Analiz metodiceskoj bazy
muzeev pod otkrytym nebom Rossii. Irkutsk.
Tilden,Freeman 957/987: Interpreting Our
Heritage. Third Edition, Thirteenth printing. Chapel Hill 987 (University of North
Carolina Press).
Toffler,Alvin, 970: Future Shock. New York.
Tolstrup,Inger 200: Frilandsmuseet fr, nu
og i fremtiden, NYT fra Nationalmuseet
nr. 9.
Tompkins,Toby 992: Small beer, large pigs
and the Anglo-Dutch War of 627, Museum
(UNESCO), No.75, Vol.XLVI, No.3: 5864.
Tramposch,William J.983: Standing between
the Past and the Present. Colonial Williamsburg Today: 2-6.
Trettiotalets Skansen, 939. Utveckling och omdaning under decenniet 1929-1939. Stockholm.
Trifonova,L.V.Keim,Helmut 996: Freilichtmuseum Kizhi. Grossweil.
Trinder,Barrie 984: A Philosophy for the Industrial Open-Air Museum,Tagungsberichte:
87-95.
Trinder,Barrie 2000: Industrial archaeology:
the twentieth-century context. Perspectives

522

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on Industrial Archeology, ed. N.Cossons:3956. London (Science Museum).

Tschudi-Madsen,Stephan 993: P Nordmanns
Vis. Norsk Folkemuseum gjennom 100 r.
Oslo.
Tunander,Ingemar 99: Andreas Lindblom,
Skansen och kriget, Skansen under hundra
r: 97-4. Hgans.
Uldal,Kai 956: Frilandsmuseets metoder.
Museumsmte i Gamle Bergen 1.-3. september 1956:30-40.
Uldall,Kai 957: Open Air Museums, Museum
X:68-96.
Ungureanu,Nicolae 98: Village and Folk Art
Museum. Bucharest.
Unser Egerland, 3, 909 :98-00: Das Deutsche
Dorf, ein volkstmliches Freilichtmuseum
im Grunewald bei Berlin.
Upward,Geoffrey C.979: A Home for Our
Heritage. The Building and Growth of Greenfield Village and Henry Ford Museum, 19291979. Dearborn.
Valen-Sendstad,Fartein 95: De Sandvigske
samlinger. Lillehammer.
Vaessen,Jan, 989: Opening and closing: On
the dialectics of the museum, in Generators
and Culture, Amsterdam (AHA Books).
Vaessen,Jan, 2003: A Moluccan Barrack.
Coping with post-colonial history. Tagungsberichte 2003:43- 58.
Valentine,Nina 980: First Act. Sovereign Hill
and how it all began. Ballarat.
Vallin,Hervid 964: Botaniska trdgrden inom
Fredriksdals friluftsmuseum. Hlsingborg.
Veveris,Ervins - Kuplais,Martins 989: Latvijas Etnogrfiskaj brvdabas muzej/In the
Latvian Ethnographic Open-Air Museum.
Riga.
Vilkuna, Janne, 2005: Friluftsmuseerna i det
finlndska museilandskapet. Laboratorium
fr folk och kultur. Bulletin 4:3-8. bo. Also
in English: Open-Air Museums in the Finnish Museum Environment, Tagungsberichte
2005.
Vold Halvorsen,Kari Bjrg 2004: Friluftsmuseets formidling av samfunnets forteljingar.
Behovet av ein overordna ideplan. Museum
i friluft. By og Bygd XXXVIII:98-09.
Vourax,Myron 976: The Conner Prairie
Concept. ALFHAM Proceedings: 5-6.
Wagemakers,Tom 200: The Memory Machine.
Tagungsberichte: 60-64.
Wakefield,Darcy 2006: No Flies on Bill. The
Story of an Uncontrollable Old Woman, My
Grandmother, Ethel Billie Gammon. Orono
(The Maine Folklife Center).
Waldn, Bertil 935: Ett planerat Kultureservat
i rebro, Svenska museer: 57-62.
Wallace,Michael 98/99: Visiting the Past.
History Museums in the United States,
Radical History Review 25, 98, reprinted
in Anderson 99:84-99.

Wallace,Mike 996: Mickey Mouse History and

other essays on American History. Philadephia
(Temple University Press).
Walt Disney World, The First Decade. 982. Walt
Disney Productions.
Watts,Stephen 997:The Magic Kingdom. Walt
Disney and the American Way of Life. Boston/
New York (Houghton Mifflin Company).
Watts,Stephen, 2005: The Peoples Tycoon. Henry
Ford and the American Century. New York
(Alfred A. Knopf ).
Weeda,Arnout, 998: Meaningful learning in
an open air museum. Interpretation in Open
Air Museums. Transcripts from the Training
Seminar held at The Weald & Downland
Open Air Museum June 998:3-22.
Weilert,Bengt & Rentzhog,Sten 998: Jamtli
Historieland Jamtli History Land. stersund.
Welsch,Roger L. 974/99: Very Didactic Simulation. Workshops in the Plains.
History Teacher, 7, no. 3 (May 974): 356-364,
reprinted in Anderson 99:38-42.
West,Bob 990: The making of the English
working past: a critical view of the Ironbridge Gorge Museum. The museum time
machine, ed. R.Lumley, London&New York
(Routledge):36-62.
West,Carroll Van 989: Greenfield Village. A
Landscape for the Present, the Pastand
of Mr Ford. The International Journal of
Museum Management and Curatorship, no.
8: 263-277.
Weyns,Jozef 958: Bokrijk: The first open-air
museum in Belgium, Museum XI:8-22.
Weyns,Dr.Jozef 96: Bokrijk, Tuin van de
Vlaamse Volkskultuur. Heideland-Hasselt.
Weyns,Jozef 967: Omstandige Gids van het
Openluchtmuseum te Bokrijk, 2 uitgave.
Bokrijk.
Weyns,Dr.J. 973A: Bokrijk, Het eerste openluchtmuseum van het land (d.i.Belgi),
Volkskunde LXXIV: 209-232.
Weyns,Dr.J. 973 B: Het vlaamse openluchtmuseum na 20 jaar.Volkskunde LXXIV:233235.
Weyns,J. 973C: A short Guide to the Open Air
Museum in the Domain Bokrijk, 3th Edition,
Bokrijk.
Widn,Ellen 92: Kortfattad berttelse fver
Freningen Jmtsljds arbete. stersund.
Widn,Ellen 95: Varfr bra lnets invnare
stdja Jmtsljdslotteriet. Bilaga till
Jmten.
Widn,Ellen 923: Forntidsvrd framtidsvrd. Jmten:3-5.
Wildhaber,Robert 959: Der derzeitige Stand
der Freilichtmuseen in Europa und in USA,
Bayrisches Jahrbuch fr Volkskunde: 47-59.
Wildhaber,Robert 970: Das bulgarische Freilichtmuseum in Etera. Schweizerisches Archiv
fr Volkskunde, Heft 3-4:22-24.
Williams-Davies,John 998: Staff as Interpreters. . Interpretation in Open Air Museums.

523

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Transcripts from the Training Seminar held at

The Weald&Downland Open Air Museum
June 998:23-25.
Williams-Davies,John 200: Beyond the Limit?
A House for the Future at the Museum of
Welsh Life, Tagungsberichte 200:25-35.
Williams-Davies,John 2003: Museums and
Agriculture: The Challenge of Relevance.
Tagungsberichte:36-50.
Winkel,F. van 973: De oude stad in het
openluchtmuseum te Bokrijk, Volkskunde
LXXIV: 237-250.
Wonders,Karen 993: Habitat Dioramas. Illusions of Wilderness in Museums of Natural
History. Uppsala (Figura Nova series 25. Acta
Universitatis Upsaliensis).
Wrner,Martin 999: Vergngung und Belehrung. Volkskultur auf Weltausstellungen
1851-1900. Mnster (Waxmann).
Yellis,Ken 989: Not Time Machines, But Real
Time: Living History at Plimoth Plantation,
ALHFAM Proceedings:52-57.
Yellis,Ken 990: Dying Interstate: World
View and Living History at Plimoth Plantation, ALHFAM Proceedings:59-63.
Zachrisson,Sune 99: The guardianship of our
live cultural heritage. On living plants and
animals in the museum context, Tagungsberichte: 89-94.
Zeuner,Christopher 993: The Chairmans
Introduction to the Conference, Tagungsberichte: 7-20.
Zeuner,Christopher 994: European Open-Air
Museums:Social and Economic Changes,
ALFHAM Proceedings: 4-8.

Zeuner,Christopher S.H.999: Interpretation of Agriculture in Open-Air Museums.

Tagungsberichte: 84- 9.
Zippelius,Adelhart 974: Handbuch der
europischen Freilichtmuseen. Kln.
Zippelius,Adelhard 980: Tendenzen zur
Kommersialisierung in Freilichtmuseen.
Tagungsberichte: 09-34.
Zippelius,Adelhart 98: Das Rheinische Freilichtmuseum und Landesmuseum fr Volkskunde in Kommern. Geschichte und Ausblick.
Kln.
Zippelius,Adelhart 982: Freilichtmuseen in
Deutschland. Hamburg (Bildatlas Spezial).
Zippelius,Adelhart 986: Der Mensch als
lebendes Exponat, in Jeggle,U: Volkskultur
in der Moderne: 40-429.Tbingen.
Zippelius,Adelhart 988: Transatlantische
Denkmalwanderungen, Kieler Bltter zur
Volkskunde 20:355-394.
Zippelius,Adelhart 99: Zwischen Aufklrung
und Nationalromantik auf der Suche nach
den Wurzeln der europischen Freilichtmuseen, Tagungsberichte:29-49.
Zipsane,Henrik 2003: The Open Air Museum
and its new role as a museum of many
cultures. Tagungsberichte: 22-33.
Zipsane,Henrik 2005A: Makten ver historien
i Jmtlands ln, Kulturarv och Historiebruk,
Fornvrdaren 28:52-90.
Zipsane, Henrik 2005B: Lifelong Learning in
Open Air Museums A fascinating part to
play in Europe, Tagungsberichte 2005.
Zuskinov,Iveta 200: Open-air museums in
Slovakia. Liptov.

524

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Index
Bold italics refer to colour images, not to page numbers.

ASTRA museum, see

Sibiu
Aall, Hans xi, 52-62, 85,
89, 98, 99, 6, 23, 35,
59, 333, 460
Aaraas, Olav 33
Acton Scott Historical
Working Farm 263
Alexander, Edward P. 43,
44, 488/n99
ALHFAM, Association for
Living History, Farm
and Agricultural Museums xii, 3, 26, 262,
268, 275, 405
Almqvist, Carl Jonas Love
3
Alt-Schwerin 94
Amsterdam 4, 96, 249
Andersen, H.C. 324, 366
Anderson, Jay 239, 26,
275, 280, 4, 42
Annales School 3, 238
Antwerp 28, 56, 209
rbaer 209
Archangel 02, 87, 88,
207, 209, 397, 400, 407,
190, 30
rhus 85-88, 00, 6, 2,
67, 82, 209, 299, 363,
364, 370, 40
Armstrong, Roy 29, 220
Arnhem 89-97, 2, 53-55,
58, 59, 297, 299, 307,
36, 336-34, 364, 369,
397, 406, 423, 444, 462,
91, 13, 103-106
Asbjrnsen, Peter Christen
52, 53
Association of European
Open Air Museums ixxi, 3, 58, 66, 82, 272
Atkinson, Frank 227-234,
34, 383, 388, 47
Australien ix, 26, 255, 288290, 293, 35, 335, 353,
402, 446
Austria 39, 02, 06, 75,
76, 296
Austria-Hungary 38, 98
Avoncroft 29, 326, 397

Bad Windesheim 75
Baden-Wrtemberg 75
Ballarat 288-290, 292
Ballenberg 77-79, 327,
335, 369, 400, 44, 453,

23

Bangkok 295
Bank tiavnika 2
Baranovski, P.D. 02
Barnum, P.T. 23, 370
Bather, F.A. 38, 392
Baumeier, Stefan 70-73,
296, 349, 350, 394
Bavaria 27, 64, 75, 294
BC Forest Discovery
Centre 499/n25
Beamish, North of
England Open Air
Museum 29, 225-235,
272, 296, 309, 34, 36,
324, 326, 335, 336, 368370, 382, 383, 385, 388,
404, 440, 49-53
Belfast 28, 299
Belgium 92, 53, 55, 56,
59, 82, 342, 344
Belorussia 02, 87
Berlin 6, 34, 35, 39, 62, 85,
05, 07, 92, 20, 207,
38, 325, 372, 8
Beskow, Elsa 89, 92
Bielefeld 422
Biology Museum, Stockholm 29, 5
Birnstad, Arne 27, 326,
385
Birmingham 220, 263
Bismarck, Otto von 22
Bjrnson, Bjrnstjerne
69, 89
Black Country Museum
29, 36
Blists Hill Open Air
Museum 5, 220-225,
299, 382, 385, 400, 40,
433, 454, 215, 46-48
Bloch Ravn, Thomas 364368, 394, 40, 409
Bloch, Marc 3
Bbrka 2
Boesmans, Annick 343,
346, 47, 450

Bokrijk 53-60, 7, 75,

79, 8, 209, 297, 299,
342-347, 362, 40, 420,
422, 423, 447, 450, 462,
168, 19, 42, 107-109
Boston 236, 235
Bouma, S.J. 307, 308, 30
Bowes Museum 228, 232
Brandenburg a. H. 34
Brazil 294
Bremen 34
Brienz 77
Brinchmann, Justus 78
British Museum 4, 38
Brussels 28, 223
Bucharest 03-05, 50,
84-86, 204, 206, 207,
108, 109
Bucur, Corneliu 205, 207
Budapest 39, 20
Bulgaria 88, 205, 27, 400
Burnaby Village Museum
327
Bygd, Bygdy 25, 46-5,
89, 04, 383, 45, 54
Campbell, Colin G. 353,
354
Canada 236, 237, 289, 336,
352, 357
Cardiff 3, 4
Carson, Cary 283, 285,
287, 35, 352, 354, 48
Caspian Sea 294
Caucasus 02
Ceaucescu, Nicolae 85
Celle 94
Chicago 34, 3
Chiltern Open Air
Museum 454
China 294, 324
Churchill, Winston S. 49
Claas, Wilhelm 2-27
Clarke Hall 432
Cloppenburg 07-2, 5,
6, 55, 58, 59, 73, 36,
397, 398, 424, 110, 111
Cluj 03, 05, 99, 206
Colonial Pennsylvania
Plantation 4, 454
Colonial Williamsburg
35-5, 236, 240, 245,

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263, 274, 280, 282-287,

350-354, 360, 377, 390,
396, 399, 409, 43, 48,
424, 425, 427, 435, 449,
466, 137, 148, 149, 18,

75, 76, 113

Connecticut 236, 255

Conner Prairie 264-269,
334, 359-362, 366, 46,
47, 430, 433, 434, 443,
444, 455, 65, 116, 117
Conner, William 264
Copenhagen 6, 33, 4-46,
57, 66, 86, 89, 92, 94,
98, 6, 55, 58, 62, 73,
74, 82, 29, 298, 30,
34, 326, 340, 363, 364,
367, 403, 442, 449
Cossons, Neil 22, 222, 225
Croatia 27, 399
Crystal Palace 38
Cseri, Mikls x, 203, 450
Cutler, Edward 33
Czajkowski, Jerzy x,
95-97
Czech Republic x, 40
Czechoslovakia 40, 02,
06, 07, 88, 89, 94,
209, 299
Czernowitz (Chernivtsi) 39
Dahl, Johan Christian
49, 50
Dansk Folkemuseum 6,
42, 78
Dar Es-Salaam 293
Darby, Abraham 220
De Heibergske SamlingerSogn Folkemuseum
328, 33
De Sandvigske Samlinger,
see Maihaugen
Dearborn xi, 24, 26, 29
Decorah 23
Deetz, James 246-25, 265,
268, 275, 279, 427
Den Fynske Landsby 6,
305
Den Gamle By 85-89, 2,
208, 209, 299, 382, 394,
40, 404, 409, 40, 422,
444, 454, 10-12, 120, 121
Denmark 6, 28, 30, 34, 447, 5, 56, 57, 88, 94, 6,
53, 82, 86, 263, 27,
272, 300-307, 363-369,
40, 403, 40, 4, 438,
446, 454
Des Moines 273
Dethlefsen, Richard 35,
05, 384

Detmold 65-73, 75, 209,

23, 296, 298, 299, 345,
349, 350, 382, 394, 395,
397, 403, 404, 427, 168,
169, 24-25, 112
Deutsches Museum 22,
26
Dewey, John 3
Dietenheim77
Disney World 237, 238,
263, 338, 35, 356, 466
Disney, Walt 35, 237, 284,
35, 358, 42, 465
Disneys America 35
Disneyland 77, 237, 26,
466
Doylestown 32
Dreamworld 335
Dulles, John Foster 49
Durham 228, 230
Dybbl 366
East Germany 92, 94, 23
East Prussia 34, 96
Edison, Thomas A. 2630, 33-35, 355, 356
Edmonton 327
Edo-Tokyo Open Air
Museum 499/n37
Egypt 34, 222, 349
Eisenhower, Dwight D.
49
Elverum 20, 328
Emmen 420
England 26, 38, 5, 2,
4, 2, 28-236, 240,
24, 245, 248, 25-255,
269, 70, 272, 288, 296,
300, 308, 334, 336, 354,
397, 40, 4, 432, 444
Epcot 238, 338, 35, 356
Erven Dorens, Guust van
94-97
Erven Dorens-Bonnike,
Emmy van 94
Essen 2, 26
Estonia 40, 02, 84, 97
ETAR 205, 400
Europa-Park 324
European Museum of the
Year Award 222, 233,
369
Exploratorium 442
Farmers Museum 236
Festin, Eric 8, 83-85
Finland 40, 4, 58-60, 272,
273
Firestone, Harvey 285
Flanders 92, 53-55, 57,
207, 342-344

FNFB, Foreningen til

Norske Fortidsmindesmaerkers Bevaring 48,
49, 52, 57, 66, 67
Ford, Clara 29, 33, 35,
46
Ford, Edsel 33
Ford, Henry xi, 24-39,
43, 46, 49, 54, 67,
239, 240, 273, 284, 355,
356, 370, 4, 44, 449,
45, 460, 463, 136
Forsslund, Karl-Erik 59,
6, 23
France 5, 26, 3, 5, 38,
62, 74, 82, 238, 324,
397
Frnkisches Freilichtmuseum 75
Fredriksdal 7, 403, 404
Friesland 42
Frilandsmuseet 43-48, 79,
92, 6, 62, 73-74,
270, 298, 30-307, 363,
364, 366, 384, 403, 45,
462, 44, 302, 303, 87,

88, 119

Frognerseteren 479/n55
Funsdalen 60, 20, 64
Fundin, Erik 60, 6, 75, 64
Gabrovo 205
Gamla Linkping 209,
20, 300, 336, 364
Gamle Bergen 209
Gammon, Billie 258-260,
36, 44, 252
Garnier, Charles 27, 40
Geneva 82
Georgia 87
Germany x, 22, 28, 33-39,
44, 52, 58, 59, 62, 89, 94,
06-3, 64, 7-75, 82,
92, 209, 2-23, 269,
274, 300, 324, 343, 347,
348, 365, 370
Ghana 293
Ghent 92
Glassie, Henry 265-268
Glentleiten 75, 369
Glomsdal Museum 328
Gol 49, 5, 383, 54
Goodwin, Mary 4
Goodwin, Rutherford 4,
45, 50
Goodwin, W.A.R. 38-4,
44-46, 50, 137
Grand Canyon 222
Grant, Ulysses S. 257
Graz 39, 76

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Great Britain 38, 3, 4,

59, 29, 23, 234, 263,
326
Greenfield Village 24-35,
46, 50, 5, 54, 208,
233, 236, 237, 240, 263,
28, 284, 285, 39, 354356, 362, 364, 370, 423,
440, 444, 447, 45, 452,
463, 136, 16, 17, 72-74,

163

Grieg, Edvard 89
Grimm, brothers 52
GSchwend, Max 77
Gusti, Dimitrie 03-05,
5, 85, 86
Hagen 2-27, 29, 349,
400, 4, 214, 43
Hagenbeck, Carl 27
Hgnan 80, 34
Haley, Alex 35
Halifax 228
Hamburg 34, 78
Hammarskjld, Dag 49
Hammarstedt, Nils Edvard
3, 393
Hamp, Stephen K. 354,
356, 452
Hansson, Per Albin 8,
38
Harris, Richard 4
Hartley, L.P. 506/n4
Hazelius, Artur ix,x, 4-32,
33-00, 8, 9, 44, 46,
63, 76, 80, 82, 28,
239, 26, 36, 335, 337,
365, 368, 370, 375, 386,
398, 402, 406, 44, 46,
44, 452, 459, 6
Hazelius, Gunnar 8, 32
Hazelius, Sofi 4
Heikel, Axel O. 40
Hellman, Theodor 8-85,
79
Helsinki 33, 40, 442
Henrik, Prince 93
Hessenpark 74, 8, 209,
336, 348
Hildebrand, Hans 29
Hindeloopen 42, 48
Hirschfeld, Ch.C.L. 50
Hitler, Adolf 2, 8, 389
Hjerl Hansen, H.P. 6
Hjerl Hede 6, 7, 300,
306, 307, 366, 40, 403,
438, 446, 302
Hoefer, Frederic 48, 89-97,
460
Hohenlohe 75

Hokkaido 294
Holland, see The Netherlands
Holm, Peter 85-88, 209,
364, 367, 10
Holst, Christian 48-52
Hornblower, Harry 245247
Hungary ix, 38,06, 78,
88, 94, 98, 200-203,
326, 336, 352, 382, 450
Husum 46, 74
Hyltn-Cavallius, Gunnar
Olof 4
Ibsen, Henrik 89, 92, 329
Iceland 209
ICOM 3, 64, 82, 96,
99, 448, 449
Indiana 264, 268, 269,
359, 362
India 294, 400
Indianapolis 265, 268,
283, 443
Indonesia 82, 294, 34
Iowa 23, 273, 274, 327,
359, 385, 404, 446
Ireland 25
Irkutsk 88, 209
Ironbridge 5, 29-225,
232, 233, 235, 254, 36,
363, 385, 40, 45
Israel 82
Italy 77
Jamtli ix, 6, 80-85, 20,
3-322, 335, 342, 343,
348, 366, 384, 393, 398,
40, 420, 429, 43, 433438, 443-445, 449, 450,
464, 90, 94-97, 123
Jansson, Nils Oskar 40
Jansson, Olof 6
Japan 4, 29, 294, 295
Jaronk. Bohumr 06,
07, 89, 460
Jefferson, Thomas 38,
43, 437
Jensen, Chr. Axel 86
Jong, Adriaan de 89, 337339, 34
Jnkping 80, 92
Jorvik Viking Centre 324,
338
Julita 404, 405
Jrgensen, Heinrich 66
Jutland 35, 43, 46, 6,
73, 30, 305, 306, 365,
40, 403

Karlin, Georg 7-85, 87,

95, 99, 7, 56, 79, 347,
377, 403, 407, 4, 460
Krnten 76
Kaunas 87, 209
Kawasaki 294,
Kelsey, Darwin 24, 26,
263, 275, 386, 404, 405
Kemi, see Sagalund
Kiel 74, 449
Kiev 87, 92, 93, 207,
400
Kirk, John 5
Kizhi 88, 397, 450, 27, 29
Kbstadmuseet Den gamle
by, see Den Gamle By
Kolomenskoe 02
Koltoff, Gustaf 28
Kommern 58-70, 73-75,
79, 26, 300, 30, 348,
397, 403-405, 20-23, 111
Knigsberg 35, 38, 94, 95,
05, 96, 384, 36
Korea 294
Kristiania, see Oslo
Kulturen 43, 7-83, 85, 87,
92, 94, 99, 377, 398, 73,
90, 9
Kyoto 295
Laenen, Mark 7, 297,
299, 300
Lagerlf, Selma 2, 70, 89
Langer, Ji x, 87, 95, 99
Latvia 40, 0, 02, 84,
87, 92
Le Play, Frdric 26
Leiden 4
Lejre 263, 300, 30, 4
Lemberg, see Lvov
Lenin, V. 84, 87, 94
Lewis, C.S. 360
Lewis, Peter 233-235, 296,
324, 335, 336
Liebknecht, Karl 33
Ligthart, Jan 89, 92, 32,
450
Lillehammer 62-66, 83,
04, 23, 227, 329, 330,
370
Limburg 53-55
Lincoln, Abraham 29,
34, 285
Lindbergh, Charles 285
Lindblom, Andreas 2, 2,
8-2, 27, 28, 54, 20,
32, 326, 337, 447, 452
Linnaeus, Carl 3
Linz 39
Liptov 200

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Lithuania 35, 02, 87,

209, 27
Little World Museum of
Man 294
Liverpool 233
Living History Farms 273279, 327, 359, 360, 362,
369, 382, 385, 404, 420,
446, 454, 67-70, 118
Logeman, Henri 92
London 38, 388
Loustarinmki (Klosterbacken) 477/n2
Lucerne (Luzern) 422
Ludvigsen, Arne 298, 30
Ludvika 23
Lukasiewics, Ignacy 2
Lule Gammelstad see
Hgnan
Lund 43, 7-79, 83, 94, 95,
99, 347, 377, 4
Lvov 37, 84, 87, 2
Lyngby, see Frilandsmuseet
Ms-Fjetterstrm, Mrta
78
Madurodam 500/n3
Maihaugen 6-7, 83, 92,
98, 6, 23, 27, 80, 8,
20, 227, 228, 300, 329333, 370, 395, 396, 40,
402, 65, 72, 98, 99
Maine 257, 259
Malaysia 294
Malye Korely, see Archangel
Mandelgren, Nils Mnsson
4
Martin 200
Massachusetts 236
Melbourne 29
Mercer, Henry 32
Mezhgorsky 20
Michelsen, Peter 304-307,
326, 384, 403, 449
Mickiewicz, Adam 98
Midura, Franciszek 95
Miller, Oskar von 22, 27
Milwaukee 268, 270
Minsk 87
Moe, Jrgen 52
Moe, Moltke 52, 53, 57
Montelius, Oscar 29
Moscow 32, 92
Muang Boran 295
Mller, Sophus 30, 46,
47, 57, 77, 78, 86, 383,
387, 393
Munich 22
Mnster 382

Murberget 80-85, 6, 208

Murray, William 273-278,
359, 404, 460
Museum Meiji-mura 295
Mystic Seaport 236, 255257, 309, 399, 422, 445,
253, 63
Ns 89
National Park Service 28,
282
National Trust 38
Nederlands Openluchtmuseum, see Arnhem
Neu-Ansbach 74
New Brunswick 327
New England 236, 240,
24, 255
New Jersey 26, 27
New South Wales 292
New York 28, 40, 46, 236
Newcastle 227, 230
Newtonmore 326, 382, 384
Nicolaysen, Nicolay 48-5,
57, 89, 393
Niger 293
Nigeria 293
Nihon Minka-en 84, 85
Nixon, Richard M. 85
Noble, Ross 335, 384, 40,
407, 427, 110
Nordanfjeldske Kunstindustrimuseum 52
Nordenskild, Adolf Erik
7
Nordiska museet ix, 4-7,
2, 4-22, 29-34, 38, 40,
42, 47, 52, 53, 60, 63,
69, 76, 77, 85, 89, 94,
95, 08-22, 54, 55, 22,
320, 404
Norlands 257-260, 36,
432, 252, 64
Norsk Folkemuseum 5-57,
62, 66, 83, 85, 92, 6,
2, 23, 209, 300, 328,
376, 55, 100-102
Norsk Skogsmuseum 20
Northern Ireland 3, 64,
27, 28, 269, 293
Norway xi, 3, 34, 39,
48-62, 66-69, 8, 84, 99,
6, 23, 80, 209, 20,
233, 260, 262, 320, 328333, 368, 376, 393, 40,
402, 424, 436, 455
Novosibirsk 87, 394
Nowy Scs 97
Nykbing 454

Ohio 285
Ohio Historical Village
502/n
Old Sturbridge Village
224, 236, 240-245, 249,
254, 256, 26, 263, 269,
272, 275, 280, 285, 323,
357, 363, 370, 386, 404,
408, 40, 429, 445, 446,
449, 455, 54-59
Old Sydney Town 293
Old World Wisconsin
269-272, 279, 287, 293,
352, 357, 369, 40, 44,

66, 71

Oldenburg 95, 07
Olsen, Bernard 2, 4-5,
57, 78, 79, 87, 89, 94,
96, 98, 58, 73, 74, 29,
30, 460, 44
Olsztynek (Hohenstein)
38, 96
Ontario 236
Oppenheimer, Frank 442
Oppenheimer, Jackie 442
Orwell, George 233
Osaka 294
Oscar II 25, 48, 5
Oslo 25, 33, 48, 53, 66, 85,
94, 96, 98, 00, 4, 6,
2, 64, 328-33, 333, 406
starp 79, 80, 99, 7, 56,
403, 4
Ottenjann, Henrich 07,
2, 5
Ovanker 44
Paris 5, 27, 28, 42, 56, 75,
3, 377
Parks, Rosa 355
Passarge, Louis 6, 9, 20, 35
Peate, Iorwerth 4, 273
Pennsylvania 32, 265, 4,
454
Perrin, Richard 269-27,
293, 44, 460
Petit Trianon 50, 38
Pisa 66
Plimoth Plantation 236,
246-255, 258, 264-268,
275-279, 280, 339, 358,
36, 363, 369, 382, 385,
400, 409, 4, 423, 427436, 440, 252, 60-62
Poland x, 35-39, 4, 02,
06, 34, 52, 83-92,
94-99, 209, 2, 226,
27, 272
Pompeii 6, 34, 392
Potsdam 479/n68

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Prague 39, 40, 06, 89

Pudor, Heinrich 33, 34
Rheinisches Freilichtmuseum, see Kommern
Riga 40, 0, 06, 84-87,
93, 190, 28
Rivire, Georges Henri
3, 4
Rockefeller, John D. III
49
Rockefeller, John D. Jr. xi,
35-44, 46, 240, 282,
377, 137
Ronsheim, Robert 47
Roosevelt, Franklin D. 269
Rosn, Karl Petter 6
Rosenthal, Ellen 360, 36
Roskilde 5, 66
Ronov (pod Rahotm)
06, 89, 99, 204, 207,
209, 299, 406, 15, 31, 32
Ruhpolding 75
Ruhr 2, 26
Rumania 39, 03, 04, 5,
85, 88, 92, 98, 99,
204-208, 370, 400
Russia 26, 39, 40, 02, 8588, 94, 96, 203, 207,
209, 27, 370, 397, 400,
47, 445, 450
Sagalund 40, 37
Salin, Bernard 32, 95
Salzburg 76
SAMDOK 304, 332
Sandvig, Anders 62-74,
80, 83, 85, 87, 88, 98, 3,
5, 23, 80, 228, 300,
329-33, 333, 44, 65
Sanok 95-98, 200, 209,
2, 191, 33, 35
Scandinavian Panopticon
46, 47
Schepers, Josef 67, 70,
73, 403
Schlebecker, John 262
Schleswig 46, 74
Schleswig-Holsteinisches
Freilichtmuseum, see
Kiel
Scotland 323, 326, 382, 40
Seaworld 335
Seurasaari (Flisn) 40, 37
Shilpgram Museum 294,
400
Siberia 02, 87, 88, 93,
209, 394
Sibiu 204-209, 26, 400,

39-41

Silesia (Schlesien) 49
Simbirsk 209
Skansen ix, xi, 4-32, 33-96,
04, 06, 2-5, 7-22,
54, 59, 66, 7, 74,
75, 80, 82, 94-96,
209-29, 22, 228, 26,
270, 293, 300, 32, 325,
326, 334-337, 363-366,
370, 385, 395-398, 400,
404, 406, 40, 422, 44,
444, 452, 453, 463, 20,
121, 1-7, 14
Skramstad, Harold 285,
354, 447
Slovakia 98, 99, 2
Smithsonian Institution
23, 262, 274
Sderman, August 26, 42
Sonnenschein, Helmut 23
Sost 203, 382
South Africa 293
South Tyrol 77
Sovereign Hill 288-293,
335, 353, 402, 422, 446,

77-93, 115

Soviet Union 02, 86-93

Spain 82
St. Fagans, Welsh Folk
Museum 3, 263, 299,
326, 327, 86
Stara Lubova 99
Staro Selo 399
Staunton 269
Stephenson, George 28,
235
Sterling, Peter 283
Stockholm ix, 4-32, 39, 46,
50, 5, 53, 60, 76, 78, 95,
06, 4-9, 25, 27, 55,
59, 82, 27, 400, 442
Stonefield Village 502/n0
Strindberg, August 89
Stbing 75, 76, 296
Sturbridge, see Old Sturbridge Village
Sundt, Eilert 50
uenskoe 93
Suzdal 88, 397, 445
Svidnk 99
Swan Hill Pioneer Settlement 288, 289
Sweden ix, xi, -32, 40-5,
59, 63, 69, 74, 77-85, 89,
94, 07, 3, 6-2, 27,
53, 54, 80, 82, 86,
95, 203, 209, 229, 294,
308, 3, 37, 328, 33,
342, 394-397, 40, 408,
424, 442, 450, 452

Swedish Panopticon 6
Switzerland 60, 02, 77,
79, 324, 327, 335, 400,
422
Sydney 26, 293, 35, 466
Szentendre ix, 20-203,
326, 336, 450, 34, 36, 37,

38, 122

Tallin 87
Tannenberg 96
Tanzania 293
Tennyson, Alfred 6
Thailand 294, 295
The Childrens Museum
(Indianapolis) 442, 443
The National Village
Museum Dimitrie Gusti,
see Bucharest
The Netherlands 89-93,
97, 53, 59, 82, 300,
307, 334, 336, 338, 34,
342, 369, 420, 440
Thompson, George B.
64, 28, 300
Tiflis 87
Tilden, Freeman 27, 48,
434, 438, 439
Timbertown 292
Toffler, Alvin 374
Tokyo 294, 295
Tolstrup, Inger 363
Toyonaka 294
Transylvania 03, 99, 207
Trinder, Barrie 40
Troels-Lund, Troels 47, 48,
77, 78
Trndelag Folkemuseum
8, 446, 455
Trondheim 52, 60, 66,
8, 20
Turkey 82
Turku 33
Turner, F.J. 30
Tussaud Group 324
U.S.A. xi, 23, 25, 26,
42, 43, 236-238, 258,
262, 269, 284, 29, 36,
35, 40, 445
Uganda 293
Ukraine 39, 87, 92, 20
Ukranian Cultural Heritage Village 327
Uldall, Kai 30-303
Ulriksdal 46
Ulster Folk and Transport
Museum 64, 27, 293,
327, 376, 449
Ulster-American Folk Park
293, 335

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Ungersheim 74
United States, see U.S.A.
Upper Canada Village 236
Vaes, Bea 345, 447
Vaessen, Jan 337-340, 462
Valentine, Nina 290, 29
Vallby 66
Vancouver 327
Vang 49
Velure, Magne 330, 33
Ven, Dirk Jan van der 9497, 54
Versailles 06, 38
Vesterheim 23
Victoria, Queen 224
Victoria, state 288, 290
Vienna 26, 28, 39
Vietnam 238, 294
Village Historique Acadien
327
Virginia xi, 38, 42, 44,
45, 269
Vologda 88
Vourax, Myron 265-268
Wadkping 20
Wahl, Anders de 26

Wales 4, 53, 292, 299,

305, 340
Warsaw 06
Warwick Castle 324
Washburn-Norlands Living
History Center, see
Norlands
Washington D.C. 32, 262,
274, 35
Washington, George 38,
43
Wdzydze 35, 39
Weald & Downland 29,
220, 334, 397, 40, 405,
4, 444, 44, 45
Wells, Albert B. 240, 245
Wells, George 240, 24
Wells, H.G. 360
Wells, Ruth Dyer 240, 24
Welsh Folk Museum, se St.
Fagans
Westflisches Freilichtmuseum, see Detmold and
Hagen
Westphalia 66, 67, 73,
23, 26, 422, 453
Weyns, Jozef 53-58, 8082, 207, 297-299, 38,
344, 40

Widn, Ellen 8-85, 79,

3
Wigan Pier 233, 234
Wilhelm II 34, 5
Wilhelmina, Queen 93
Williamsburg, see Colonial
Williamsburg
Wright, Wilbur and Orville
29, 73
York Castle Museum 5,
270
Yugoslavia 82, 88
Zachrisson, Sune 405
Zakopane 39
Zambia 293
Zeuner, Christopher 405
Zippelius, Adelhart x,
58-65, 67, 73, 80-83,
94, 95, 26, 296, 348,
37, 387, 388, 394, 397,
403, 404
Zuiderzee Museum 3073, 327, 334, 364, 375,
444, 89-93

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