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Key Points
Womans nutritional status before, during, and after pregnancy contributes to her well-being
and that of her infant
Physiologic changes during pregnancy influence need for additional nutrients and efficiency with
which the body uses them
Total maternal weight gain and pattern of weight gain are important determinants of outcome of
pregnancy
Appropriateness of mothers prepregnancy weight for height (BMI) is major determinant of
recommended weight gain during pregnancy
Nutritional risk factors include adolescent pregnancy; bizarre or faddish food habits; abuse of
nicotine, alcohol, or drugs; low weight for height; and frequent pregnancies
Iron supplementation is recommended routinely during pregnancy
Other supplements recommended when nutritional risk factors present
Both nurse and pregnant woman influenced by cultural and personal values and beliefs during
nutrition counseling
Pregnancy complications that may be nutrition related include:
Anemia
Gestational hypertension
Gestational diabetes
Intrauterine growth restriction
Dietary adaptations can be effective interventions for some common discomforts of pregnancy,
including nausea and vomiting, constipation, and heartburn