3v, 4.

5v, 6v, 9v, 12v, 24v, Automatic Battery Charger with

Indicator Circuit
An all-in-one automatic voltage battery charger circuit is discussed in the
following post; the circuit can be modified in many different ways as per
individual requirements and applications.
The following circuit will allow you to charge any battery right from 1.5V
to 24V simply by setting up a given preset.
The circuit functioning may be understood with the following points:
The IC LM3915 which is a Dot/Bar voltage display chip forms the main
section of the circuit.
The IC has ten linearly incrementing output which sequence one after the
other in response to a rising potential fed at its pin#5.
Thus the output sequence corresponds to the instantaneous voltage level
at the "signal input" pin out of the IC.
The 10K preset associated with the above IC is set as per the battery
voltage which needs to be charged.
After this the LEds connected at the output linearly indicate the charge
level of the battery by illuminating in sequence, and finally when the last
LED is lit which happens when the battery gets fully charged, the SCR is
triggered shutting off the charging process permanently until the power is
reset.
The stage comprising the IC LM338 is a standard voltage regulator IC, the
preset associated with IC is set as per the required full charge limit of the
connected battery.
The transistor BC547 provides a fixed 3V for the connected LEDs for
controlling the IC dissipation.
The transistor BC557 remains switched OFF as long as the last LED in the
array which may be selected for the full charge indication is not
illuminated.
As soon as the last "full charge" LED switches ON, the BC557 is also
switched ON triggering the SCR. The SCR instantly grounds ADJ pin of the
LM338 completely disabling the IC and the output to the battery.

The battery now stops receiving any voltage and thus it is inhibited from
getting over charged.
How to Set Up this all purpose battery charger with Indicator
Circuit
The circuit can be used for charging 1.5V, 3V, 6V, 9V, 12V, 15V, 18V, 21V
and 24V batteries, in fact any voltage that may lie between 1 and 24V.
Suppose you want to charge a 6V battery, the full charge level for this
battery would be 7V.
The setting of the circuit may be done in the following manner:
Do not connect the battery initially and also keep the SCR gate
disconnected from the BC557 network.
Apply a relatively higher DC potential at the input of the IC LM338, may
be a 9V or a 12V input.
Adjust the 10K preset under the LM338 such that the battery terminal
points receive a 7V output.
Now adjust the 10K preset under the IC LM3915 such that the last LED
just flickers ON at this voltage, meaning at the applied 7V.
Restore the the SCR gate connection as per the circuit diagram.
That's it the circuit is all set now.
During the charging process each LED will correspond to 7/10 = 0.7 volts,
meaning say at 5V the 7th LEd will be illuminated and with a rise of 0.7V
the subsequent LED will be lit and the sequence will proceed from 7t to
8th to 9th and then finally to the 10th LEd shutting off the circuit and the
charging of the battery.
Alternatively if you you are interested in making the circuit respond with
all batteries from 3V to 12V then you may adjust the LM3915 preset such
that the last LED barely illuminates at 14.4V.
Now each pinout of the IC corresponding to the relevant LED would
sequence at the rate of 14.4/10 = 1.4V, therefore for a 6V battery the full

charge LED pinout would be 7/1.4 = 5, meaning the 5th LED illuminated
would indicate that the connected 6V battery is now fully charge.
For enabling automatic cut off for the above situation you just
have make sure the base of the BC557 is connected to the 5th pinout of the
IC LM3915 from left to right.
For a 9V battery it would 9/1.4 = 6.4th LEd, meaning when the 6th LED is
fully glowing and the 7th LED is barely flickering, the 7th LEd may be
selected and joined with BC557 base for acquiring the required automatic
cut off.

If the above circuit fails to respond with an SCR, the following circuit using a
transistor latch can be employed: