Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
(SCE)
DEPT. OF INFRASTRUCTURE AND
GEOMATIC ENGINEERING
I, hereby confess that I have prepared this report on my own effort. I also admit not
to receive or give any help during the preparation of this report and pledge
that everything mentioned in the report is true.
_________________
Student Signature
Name
Matric No. :
Date
PAGE NO.:
EDITION:
REVIEW NO.:
EFFECTIVE
DATE:
AMENDMENT
DATE:
1/10
1/01/14
1/01/15
1.0 OBJECTIVE
TO DETERMINE THE PARAMETER OF SHEAR STRENGTH OF SOIL, COHESION, c AND
ANGLE OF FRICTION, .
3.0 THEORY
The general relationship between maximum shearing resistance, f and normal stress, n for soils can
be represented by the equation and known as Coulombs Law:
f c tan
where:
c = cohesion, which is due to internal forces holding soil particles together in a solid mass
= friction, which is due to the interlocking of the particles and the friction between them
when subjected to normal stress
The friction components increase with increasing normal stress but the cohesion components remains
constant. If there is no normal stress the friction disappears. This relationship shown in the graph
below. This graph generally approximates to a straight line, its inclination to the horizontal axis being
equal to the angle of shearing resistance of the soil, and its intercept on the vertical (shear stress)
axis being the apparent cohesion, denoted by c.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Loading pad
Perforated plate
Porous plate
Retaining plate
PAGE NO.:
EDITION:
REVIEW NO.:
EFFECTIVE
DATE:
AMENDMENT
DATE:
2/10
1/01/14
1/01/15
PAGE NO.:
EDITION:
REVIEW NO.:
EFFECTIVE
DATE:
AMENDMENT
DATE:
3/10
1/01/14
1/01/15
5.0 PROCEDURES
1. Verify internal measurement using vernier calipers. The length of the sides, L and the overall
depth, B.
2. Fix base plate inside the shear box. Then put porous plate on the base plate. Fit perforated grid
plate over porous so that the grid plates should be at right angles to the direction shear.
PAGE NO.:
EDITION:
REVIEW NO.:
EFFECTIVE
DATE:
AMENDMENT
DATE:
4/10
1/01/14
1/01/15
Proving Ring
Displacement
Dail Gauge
L (mm)
Dail Gauge
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
360
380
400
420
440
460
480
500
520
540
560
580
600
620
640
660
0.04
34
55
67
76
85
93
100
105
110
116
120
125
127
131
135
137
140
141
144
146
148
150
151
154
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
162
162
Load, P (kN)
Shear Stress
2
(kN/m )
Strain
0.2975
82.64
0.00067
20 0.002
60
0.00067
34 0.0875
0.06 0.06
82.64 kN / m 2
PAGE NO.:
EDITION:
REVIEW NO.:
EFFECTIVE
DATE:
AMENDMENT
DATE:
5/10
1/01/14
1/01/15
PAGE NO.:
EDITION:
REVIEW NO.:
EFFECTIVE
DATE:
AMENDMENT
DATE:
6/10
1/01/14
1/01/15
L (mm)
Proving Ring
Shear Stress
Dail Gauge
Load, P (kN)
Strain
PAGE NO.:
EDITION:
REVIEW NO.:
EFFECTIVE
DATE:
AMENDMENT
DATE:
Specimen No.:
Loading :
Displacement
Dail Gauge
L (mm)
Proving Ring
Dail Gauge
Load, P (kN)
Shear Stress
Strain
7/10
1/01/14
1/01/15
PAGE NO.:
EDITION:
REVIEW NO.:
EFFECTIVE
DATE:
AMENDMENT
DATE:
8/10
1/01/14
1/01/15
Specimen No.:
Loading :
Displacement
Dail Gauge
L (mm)
Proving Ring
Dail Gauge
Load, P (kN)
Shear Stress
Strain
8.0 DISCUSSION
9.0 CONCLUSION
PAGE NO.:
EDITION:
REVIEW NO.:
EFFECTIVE
DATE:
AMENDMENT
DATE:
9/10
1/01/14
1/01/15
10.0
PAGE NO.:
EDITION:
REVIEW NO.:
EFFECTIVE
DATE:
AMENDMENT
DATE:
10/10
1/01/14
1/01/15
QUESTION 1
a. Why perforated plate in this test with teeth?
b. What maximum value of displacement before stop the test?
QUESTION 2
a. What is the purpose of a direct shear test? Which soil properties does it measure?
b. Why do we use fixing screw in this test? What will happen if you do not removed them
during test?
ANSWERS