TUGAS HELICOPTER

NAMA
NPM

: SUPRIYANTO MAULANA
: 14113052

PROGRAM STUDI : TEKNIK AERONAUTIKA

FAKULTAS

: TEKNOLOGI KEDIRGANTARAAN

UNIVERSITAS DIRGANTARA MARSEKAL

SURYADARMA
2016

TRANSVERSE FLOW EFFECT

In forward flight, air passing through the rear portion of
the rotor disk has a greater downwash angle than air passing
through the forward portion: The downward flow at the rear of
the rotor disk causes a reduced angle of attack, resulting in less
lift. Increased angle of attack and more lift is produced at the
front portion of the disk because airflow is more horizontal.
These differences between the fore and aft parts of the rotor disk
are called transverse flow effect. They cause unequal drag in the
fore and aft parts of the disk resulting in vibrations that are
easily recognizable by the pilot. The vibrations are more
noticeable for most helicopters between 10 and 20 knots.

A condition in helicopter forward flight when the air flowing

through the rear of the disc is more perpendicular than that
flowing through the front. This flow causes a decreased angle of
attack and the tendency of the rear of the disc to descend.
Precession causes the effect to be felt 90

in the direction of

rotation and the helicopter has a tendency to roll to the right.

( Source : Datwiki.net )

Transverse

flow

effect

is

an

aerodynamic

effect

encountered when the helicopter moves (typically forward)

through the air.In a hover, the air above the rotor disk is being
pulled down from above and is equally distributed around the
rotor disk. The air is descending (Source : Wikipedia)

The unequal drag in the fore and aft parts of the rotor disc,
which results in vibrations in most helicopters at speeds between
10 and 20 knots. In forward flight, air passing through the rear
portion of the rotor disc has a greater downwash Aviation
dictionary ( Source : Aviation Dictionary )

DISSIMETRY OF LIFT

Dissymmetry of lift is the difference in lift that exists

between the advancing half of the rotor disk and the retreating
half. It is caused by the fact that in directional flight the aircraft
relative wind is added to the rotational relative wind on the
advancing blade, and subtracted on the retreating blade. The
blade passing the tail and advancing around the right side of the
helicopter has an increasing airspeed which reaches maximum at
the 34 o'clock position.

The unequal lift produced across the rotor disk of a

helicopter moving through the air. The advancing blade, the
blade whose tip is moving in the same direction the helicopter is
flying, has a speed equal to its own speed plus the speed of the

helicopter. The retreating blade, the blade whose tip is moving in

the opposite direction, is traveling at a speed equal to its own
speed less the speed of the helicopter. Since aerodynamic lift is
determined by the speed of the airfoil through the air, the
advancing blade produces more lift than the retreating blade.
Dissymmetry of lift is compensated by allowing the blades to
flap. As the lift produced by the advancing blade increases, it
flaps upward, decreasing its angle of attack, and thus its lift. As
the lift produced by the retreating blade decreases, it flaps
downward, increasing both its angle of attack and the lift it
produces.
(Source : Datwiki)