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1000 LEKTIONEN ENGLISCH

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Bibliographisches lnstitut GmbH, Mannheim.

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IlpHHUHil KHHrH MaKCHMaJibHO npocT: Ha KIDK.l(OH He'ieTHOH
CTPaHH:Qe Bbl HaH.nere ,l(Ba ypoKa, KOTOpbie C.JI)')KaT BBe,neHHeM B pa3fOBOpHbIH .sl3hIK, npe.l(JiaraIOT ynpIDKHeHHe Ha TO HJlH HHOe rpaM MaTH'-leCKOe SIBJieHHe, BOnpoc Ha 3HaHHe JIHTepaTypbl, reorpacl>HH
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pyccKHH SI3blK) Bbl Y3HaeTe, nepeBepttyB CTPaHucy. TaK H3yqeHHe
.sl3bIKa CTaHOBHTCSI JierKHM H YBJieKaTeJlbHblM: OT ypoKa K YPOKY pacTYf Il03HaHHSI B COBpeMeHHOM aHrJIHHCKOM (YKa3aHIDI Ha aMepHKaHCKHH BapHaHT nOKa3hIBaIOT OTJIH'iIDI Sl3bIKOBOro o6HXO,lla
CIIIA). B Ka1:1eCTBe 6ottyca Bbl noJiyqaere ueJlbm Ha6op YMHbIX MhICJie:H H acl>opH3MOB (Ha aHrJIHHCKOM H PYCCKOM), KOTOphIMH IlpH CJIYqae MO)K}{O 6JieCttyTb.
IlocKOJlbKY aHrJIHHcKasI cPoHeTHKa npe,llCTaBJI.s!eT onpe.neJieHttyIO
CJIO)K}{OCTb, ,lI,.IUI Bcex HOBblX CJIOB .naeTC.s! TPaHCKpHilUIDI, COOTBeTCTByIOIUasl OCHOBHbIM IlOJIO)l(eHIDIM Me)l(,IJ,)'HapO,llHOH cl>oHeTH'ieCKOH acco:u;ua:u;HH (International Phonetic Association - IPA), 'ITO
3Ha'-IHTeJibHO o6Jief'-laeT IlOHHMaHHe H 3ailOMHHaHHe HOBblX CJIOB.
IlO,llp06HbIH YKa3aTeJib (CM. c . 447 - 448) Il03BOJI.sleT He TOJibKO :u;eJieHanpaBJieHHo HaxO,llHTb ypoKH no HHTepeCyIOIUHM BaC rpaMMaTH'ieCKHM TeMaM, HO H H3yqaTb fpaMMaTHKY ruyrn H Bcepbe3
B npOH3BOJibHOM nop.sl,llKe.
He Tep.siifTe BpeMeHH - npHcTynaifTe K 3att.siTIDIM, '-IT06bl HH
B OTnycKe, HH B yqe6HbIX 3aBe,lleHH.s!X, HH B npocl>eCCHOHaJibHOH cpe.ne Bbl He qyBCTBOBaJIH ce6.si OTCTaIOIUHMH.

Ilo.HCHelllUI K Tp H pHlll

<l>oHeTWieCKlUI TpaHCKpHilU.IDI .u.aeTC$1 I

.uyHapo.u.ttoH. <t>oHeTH'IecKoH accou.Hau.101 11

ThacHL1e H ~cl>roum
[a:]

[A]
[re]

[ea]
[ai]
[au]
[ei]
[e]
[a]

[i:]
[i]
[ia]
[au]
[:):]
[:)l

[:)i]
[a:]
[u:]
[u]
[ual

plant, arm, father - plant - .u.o.JITH:H a IDIJKO 11 )'I M 1(n blK

OTO.U.BHraeTC.SI )l.aJlbllJe HaJa,n)
but, son - but - KpanarH. a, noxo)!(HH Ha pyccKHf..I y,r,apHbIH a B CJIOBax IlOCThI, XBOCThl
man, sad - man - OTKPhITbIH KpaTKHti: JBYK; npH npoHJHecemrn ry6bI HeCKOJlhKO paCTsrnyTbl, HIDKH..Sl.SI 'leJIJOCTb onyllleHa, KOH'fHK SIJbIKa KacaeTCSI HIDKHHX Jy6os
there, care - there - He CIDllIIKOM OTKpbITbrH IlOJIY.U.O.JITH:i:l: JBYK,
npH noHIDKemrn TOHa nepeXOJUilllHH B [a]
life - life - .i::u1<t>TOHr aH
house - house - .u.w<t>TOHr ay
name, lame - name - .U.H<t>ToHr 3'1:
get, bed - get-TIOJIYJaKphITbrH KpaTKHlt e (npOHJHOCHTCSI KaK
3)
ago, better - ago - JBYK cpe,nttero pSI,na cpe,nttero not1,'heMa,
scert1.a 6eJy,napHhrn (atta.rrornH B pyccKoM: cpe,nHHlt Me)IGly6eJy,napHhIM 3 H a)
see, me, beat, belief - see - .nonmlt JBYK H
it, wish - it - KpaTJGd;I: JBYK H (npOHJHOCHTCSI He TaK M.SlfKO, KaK pyccKHJt H - c HeKOTOpbIM OTreHKOM hi)
here- here - nonyoTKpbITbtii: nony,no.JITHH JBYK H, npH noHH)l(eHHH TOHa nepeXO)Ullll.HH B [al
no, low - JaKphlTbIH JBYK O, nepeXO)UllllHH B Y
law, all - law - t1,onm.H JBYK, cpet1,HH'1: Me)l(.ll:)I O H a
not, long - not - KpaTKHH OTKphITbIB JBYK, cpe,nHHH Me)IGly
0 H a; ,nJI.SI Toro 'IT06hI npOHJHeCTH 3TOT JBYK, Ha.no npHroTOBHTb opraHbl pe'IH K npOHJHeceHHIO a H npOHJHecnt
O, He BblllSl'fHBlUI ry6 (B aMepHKaHCKOM sapHaHre 3TOT JBYK
'lacTO npoHJHOCHTCSI atta.rrOm'IHO pyccKOMY a)
boy, oil - boy - .U.H<t>ToHr OH
bird, her - .u.onmlt JBYK [a]
you, do - you - .nonrIDi Y
push, look- push, look- KpaTKHH Y (npoHJHOCHTCSI 6eJ BbIIl.Sl'IHBaHIDI ry6)
poor, sure - poor - IlOJIYOTKpbITblH IlOJIYAOJIIBH JBYK Y' npH
IlOHH)l(eHHH TOHa nepeXOJUIIIIHH B [al

CornacHL1e
[I)]

Lil
[r]

ts

[fl

(3]

lct>l
[v]
[w]
[z]

[o]

[8]

long - HOCOBOH 3BYJ< (He H + r!)

youth - 3BYJ<, cxo.ntthill c pyccKHM H
red - npu npoHJHeceHHH 3Toro nrna 3Byi<a p , HMeiomero
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(BbICT)'IlOB He6a); npOH3HOCHTCSI TOJlbKO nepe.n rnaCHbIMH,
HO He Ha KOHI..(e CJIOBa (KPOMe CBSl3KH c Ha'IaJibHbIM rnacHbIM c11e.nyiomero c11osa)
stand - fJIYXOH CBHCrnmHH C
ship, Station - rnyXOH 3BYJ<, CXOJ].HhIH C pyCCKHM III, HO
npOH3HOCHMbIB MSII"le
pleasure - 3BOHKHH 3BYJ<, CXO.IUU>IH c PYCCKHM )!(, TaK)l(e
npOH3HOCHMblH MSir'Ie
bridge - act>ct>PHKaTa Jl.)I(, npOH3HOCHMaSI MSITKO
voice - 3BOHKHR ry6HOH B, npOH3HOCHMblH HeCKOJibKO
3Heprn'IHee, 'IeM B pycCKOM
water - O'IeHh KPaTKHH ry6Ho-ry6ttoi1. 3BYJ<, cpe.nHHn Me)l(JJ.Y B H Y
zeal - 3BOHKHH CBHCTSII.I.J;HH 3
this - 3BOHKHH IIIeJieso:H 3Byi<; npu npoH3HeceHHH Sl3hIK
pacnJiaCTaH H HeHaIIp.SDKeH, a ero KOHeu. HaxOJ].HTCSI Me)l(JJ.y
nepe)].HHMH 3y6aMH
thank - rnyxoii 1Ile11eso:H 3BYJ< c TeM )Ke cnoco6oM apTHKY-

JUUJ.HH

[b, f, g, k,

m, n, p] - npOH3HOCSITC.Sl CXOJJ.HO c COOTBeTCTBYJOIUHMH 3B~MH pyccxoro .Sl3bIKa (f - HeCKOJlbKO 6011ee 3HeprH'IHO)

[h] - npOH3HOCHTCH Ha BbIJJ.OXe, ropraHHO
(d , tj - aJibBeOJUipHble 3ByKH (.Sl3blK npIDKaT K BblCT)'IlaM He6a)
[l]
- aJlbBe011.SlpHhrn 3BYJ<, HMelOIIIHli M.SlrKYJO H rnep.nyio pa3HOBHJ].HOCTH (nepe.n COOTBeTCTBYJOIIIHMH rnaCHhIMH)

Oco6ble 3HaKH
[:]

- JJ.BOeTO'IHe B TpaHCKPHHU.HH 03Ha'IaeT )1.0Jirory rnacHoro

[']

- 3HaK y.napeHH.Sl CTOHT nepe.n y.napHbIM CJIOroM

[,]

- 3HaK cJia6oro ynapeHHsi

We live and learn,

but not the wiser grow.
John Pomfret

M w JKHBeM u Y1f11MCJ1,
HO 11 cTanoBHMCJI MY.z.pee.
,UJlcoH IloM<t>peT
6

Squash
Lyn:
Tom:

Lyn:

Were you serious about your New Year's

resolution to be a bit more active this year?
Of course. I'm
always serious
about matters like
that. Why do you
ask?
Because I've enrolled us both in
a squash club this
morning. I've already paid for the
first five lessons.

EXERCISE
The Possessive Adjective
Look at the example and make up sentences accordingly:
Peter is playing football. It is his football.
Anne is wearing pyjamas. Mr. and Mrs. Smith decorate the house. Colin is playing with a dog. John is
showing Mike a record. Mr. Scott is looking at the
poster. We are travelling in the car. You can wash the
bicycle. Linda is listening to a cassette.

KBOW

Jhrn:

ToM:
Jhrn:

Tb1 Ha Hoawtt ro.n ecepbC

W.M
JlbJJJ aHHMaTbCSI
cnopTOM B 3TOMro.u.y?
KoHe"!HO . .H ecer.na cepbe3HO OTHowycb KTaKHMeew.aM. A no"!eMY Thi cnpaw11eaewb?
IloTOMY qTo cero,11.iui yrpoM si Jan11cana Hae 06011x
e cKBorn-KJI)'6. 11 }')Ke onnanma nepeb1e JU!Tb JaIDITHA.

squash [skwoJl
serious ['si~ri~s]
matter ['mret~]
to enrol [in'roul]
lesson [lesn]

CKBOIU
cepbeJHhrn
.neno, eemh, np11'111Ha
BCTynHTb
ypOK, JaIDITHe

IlpHTJDKaTeJihHOe npHJiaraTeJihHOe

PacCMompume npUMep u cocmaebme coomeemcmey10w,ue

npeaA0:>1eeH UJl:

Peter is playing football. It is his football.

Anne is wearing pyjamas. They are her pyjamas.
Mr. and Mrs. Smith decorate the house. It is their house.
Colin is playing with a dog. It is his dog.
John is showing Mike a record. It is his record.
Mr. Scott is looking at the poster. It is his poster.
We are travelling in the car. It is our car.
You can wash the bicycle. It is your bicycle.
Linda is listening to a cassette. It is her cassette.

3
Epiphany
January 6th is a Christian festival which commemorates the manifestation of Christ to the gentiles in the
person of the Magi or
three wise men, as they
are better known. In
Britain this is not celebrated as in Germany. A
British tourist to Germany
would be surprised to
see children dressed up
as the Magi going from
door to door, collecting
for charity.

EXERCISE

"Much" or "Many"
Insert 'much' or 'many' in thefollowing sentences:

1. _ _ _ people like apples.

2. Too
food is bad for you.
3. There are ____ sparrows here.
4. He found

people sitting in the park.

5. A simple meal should not cost _ __

KpeineuH
6 m-rnapsi: - xpHCTHaHcICHit npa3,!JJU1.K, noca11 w 1111bl1-l JI OJI 1111 t0 Xp11cTa Sl3bl':IHHIGlM B 1mue MarOB, HJlH BOJIXBOB, K 11X ' I 1we Ha3bJBalOT. B Ep1nattID1. ero npa3.LJ;lfY10T He nu<, KaK B epMaH1111. BpHTaHCKHlt TYPHCT B fepMaHHH 6y.n.eT y.LJ;HBJieH npH BH.LJ;e .n.eTel-i, O.LJ;CTbJX
BOJIXBaMH H H)J;)'l.UHX OT .!J;OMa K .!J;OMY, co6HpaSI IlO)l(epTBOBaHl1SI.
Epiphany [i'pifani]
Christian ['kristj:m]
festival ['fest:w;}l]
gentile ['d3entail]
Magi ['meid3ai]
three wise men [waiz]
to collect [k;}'lekt]
charity ['tfreriti]

6yKe. Eorosi:BJieHwe; B KaTOJiw1ecKo.i1

TPa.LJ;HUHH - noKJioHeHHe BOJIXBoB,
,[(eHb TPeX KopoJieH
xp11.CTHaHcICHit;xpHCTHaHHH
npa3.LJ;HHK
Sl3bl':IHHK
MarH, BOJIXBhl
TPH BOJIXBa
co611paTh
IlO)l(epTBOBaHHSI; 6naroTBOp11.TeJibHOCTh

"Much" HJIH "many"

Bcmaebme much UJIU many e CJ1ei}y10U(ue npeoAo:JtCeHUR:
1. Many people like apples. 2. Too much food is bad for you. 3. There
are many sparrows here. 4. He found many people sitting in the park.
5. A simple meal should not cost much.
1. MHorne JI106SIT si:6JIOKH. 2. BaM Bpe.n.Ho cmn11KoM MHoro ecTh.
3. 3.n.ecb MHOro BOp06beB. 4. OH y1m.n.e11, 1iTO B napKe CH)J;HT MHOro mo.n.eJt. 5. IlpocTasi: nmua He .n.oJDKHa CTOH'Ilh .n.oporo.

YfOJIOK 3KCilEPTA ----~

False friends

JlO)l(HhlMJ1 .n.py3hSIMH nepeBO)l'fHKa Ha3blBalOTCSI MHHMble COOTBeTCTBHSI B JieKCHKe .LJ;Byx Pa3JIH'IHbIX Sl3hIKOB. n PH H3)"1eHID! HHOCTPaHHoro SI3MKa OHM TPC6YIOT oco6oro BHHMaHHSI, nocKOJihKY HX
HeBepHoe npHMeHeHHe MO)l(eT npHBeCTH K .LJ;OCa.LJ;HhIM He.n.opa3yMeHHSIM, HanpHMep:
artist He TOJibKO ap'THCT, HO 11 (3Ha'Il'!TCJihHO '!a.IIJ.e) xy.LJ;O)l(HHK
element He TOJihKO 3JieMeHT, HOH CTHXHSI
magazine He MaraJHH, a )l()'PHaJI.

10

IAterary Sisters

Three famous sisters lived in England, in West Yorkshire,

at the beginning ofthe 19th centwy. All three produced outstanding literature. Some of the novels were later made into films. The oldest sister, Charlotte, wrote "Jane Eyre".
The second oldest, Emily, wrote "Wuthering Heights", and
the youngest, Anne, "The Tenant ofWtldfell Hall" . They
had a brother, Branwell, who had absolutely no success as
an author.

I Do you know the surname ofthese sisters? I

EXERCISE - - - - -

Translation
Pay special attention to inversion:
1. H YMeIO IIJiaBaTb. Ott TOX<e.
2. Otta He YMeeT IIJiaBaTb, H MbI TOX<e He YMeeM.
3. HHKOr)l,a ew.e OHa He BH.n:eJia TaKHX R:6JIOK.
4. Ott pe.11.Ko npocHJI o noMOW.H.
5. E,nBa OH fiOKHHYJI )],OM, norneJI )1,0)(()1,b.
6. OH roBopHJI TaK rpoMKO, trro Bee MbI MOrJIH ero
CJibilllaTb.
7. 11 MalllHHa noexana!

11

CecT}>LI-JIHTepaTOpbI
3TH 3HaMeHHTbie ceCTJ)hI )!GIJIH BAHrmm, B3ana,r:ofoM MopK11rnpe,
BHaqane XIX aeKa. Bee TPH co3.ll;aJJH 3aMeqaTeJibHbie JIHTepaJYPHbie
npoH3Be.ll;eHJ.UI. HeKoTopbre H3 poMaHoB 6bmH no3)1,Hee 3KPaHH3HpoBaHbr. Craplllru1 cecrpa, IllapJiarra, HanHcana ~eihl: 3:Hp ("Jane
Eyre"). Cpe)J,m:u1 , 3MHJIHH, Han11cana fpo3oao:H nepeaan
("Wuthering Heights"), a MJia)J,IIIaH, 3HH - poMaH He3HaKoMKa H3
Ya:HM<l>eJIJI-XoJIJia ("The Tenant ofWtldfell Hall"). Y HHX 6hm 6paT
Ep3tty3JIJI, KOTOpbr:H BKaqeCTBe aaropa aoo6UJ,e He HMeJI ycnexa. Bbl
3HaeTe <l>aMHJIHIO 3THX cecTep?

I Bronte

cecTJ)hI EpoHTe

My3eil J>pouTe
B XoyopTe, tteno.ll;aneKY OT KeH.rrn (3ana)J.HbIH MopKllIHp), MO)!(HO
TIOCeTHTb )],OM cecrep Epottre, BKOTOpoM OHM )!GIJIH c 1820 no 1861 IT.
B HeM co6patto MHoro opHrHHaJibHhIX npe.n.MeToB o6craHOBKH HaeIIIeif, CBH3aHHbIX c 3TOH ceMheH.

IlepeBOA
06pamume oco6oe 8HUMaHue Ha UH8epcwo:
1. I can swim. So can he.

2. She can't swim and neither can we.

3. Never had she seen apples like those.
4. Seldom did he ask for help.
5. Scarcely had he left the house when it began to rain.
6. So loudly did he speak that we all could hear him.
7. Off wentthe car!

~-----

YfOilOK 3KCilEPTA - - - - - - - - ,

French window

Brussels sprouts
Venetian blinds
German measles
French horn

)J,Bepb Ha Teppacy,
6anKOHHaSI .uaepb; 3pKep
6p10cceJibCKaH Kanycra
)l(aJll03H
KPacttyXa
BaJITOpHa

12

"I don't want to achieve

immortality through my work...
I want to achieve it
by not dying. "
Woody Allen

EXERCISE
1hmslation
Translate the following sentences:
y ~OHa CBO.H Maunrna. Jbrn,ll.a C'beJia CBOH 3aBTpaK TOJibKO HanoJiosmzy. Y M-pa CMHTa ecTh .usa seJioc1me,ua. Bee
ero ,11.py3h.H e,11.yT Ha Mope. 11x ,ueTH (o6a) co6HpaJOTC.H noCTYflaTb B ymmepCHTeT. y IDIX HeT co6cTBeHHOfO ,ll.OMa.
Ilo<JeMy ThI He B03bMernh csoIO co6crneHttyIO PY<JKY? Ha
CBOeH HOBOH pa6oTe OH 6y,ueT IlOlIY<JaTb B,ll.BOe 60Jibllie,
<JeM ceH<Jac.

13

.SI He xoqy CTaTh 6eccMepTHbIM 6.1mrdJ1ltpB cBoeH: pa60Te... .SI xoqy

.nocTH'lh 3Toro, He YMHPaH. - Byn.li AmieH (p. 1935), aMepHKaHCKHH aKTep H pe)l(Hccep

MecTo Koceeuuoro H np.aMoro .zi;onoJIHeHH.H

1. Subject

Mr Evans

Verb

Indirect object

Direct object

cooked

his wife

a steak

(not a curry)
2. Subject
Verb
Direcl object
Indirect object
Mr Evans
cooked
a steak
for his wife
(not for his children)
Ec.1u1 npH rnaro.11ax c JJ.BYMH .nono.11HeHHHMH 60.11ee BIDKHO npBMoe
.nono.JIHeHHe, c.11e.nyeT npHMeHHTb nopH.nOK C.IIOB, KaK BnpHMepe 1
(M-p 3BaHC c.ne.Jia.JI CBOeH)J(eHe 6u<jJwmeKc, a He KappH). IlopMOK
c.110B, KaK BnpHMepe 2, ynoTPe6.Jljle1'CB, ec.JIH Hy)J(HO no,nqepKffYTb
KOCBeHHoe .nono.JIHeHHe (M-p 3Ba\.tc c.ne.11a.11 6mp1meKc iJJlH ceoeu
JH:eHbt, a He .nm1 .neTeH:).

Ilepeeo.zi;
llepeeeiJume npeiJ110JH:eHW1 Ha aH211uiicKuii R3btK:

John has got a car of his own. Linda has only eaten half her breakfast. Mr. Smith has got two bikes of his own. .All his friends are go-

ing to the sea. Both their children are going to university. They do not
have a house of their own. Why don't you Use your own fountain pen?
He will get double his present income in bis new job.
~------wrn

3HATOKOB

------~

Money Down the Drain

B TO BpeMH KaK BpyccKOM H3bIKe MhI Bb16pacb1BaeM .neHbrH Ha BeTep, B aHr.JIHHCKOM roBopHTCH: "to pour money down the drain"
(6yK6. CnyCTHTb ,neHbfH B BOJ],OCTOK ).

14

EXERCISE

"lie, lie, lay"

Fill in the appropriate form of the verbs above and pay
attention to their meaning:
1. John
the letter on the table. (past tense)
2, ~e ~\dn't tell the truth yesterday, he _ __
tQ ll\~

3. Aflef the 10,000 metre run, the winner _ __

OI\ tne ground completely exhausted.
4. You shouldn't buy that fish, it's been _ __
in the sun for six hours.
5. Our ten chickens
ten eggs a day.
6. Our guests are coming. Please,
the table.

"Power tends to corrupt and

absolute power corrupts absolutely. n
First Baron Acton

15

9
K.Jnoq
BcmaBbme HYJICHYIO rjJopMy Z!lazo.Jla, o6paU(a.Jl BHUMaHue Ha ezo 3Ha1teHue:

1. John laid the letter on the table. 2. He didn't tell the truth yesterday, he lied to me. 3. After the 10,000 metre run, the winner lay on
the ground completely exhausted. 4. You shouldn't buy that fish, it's
been lying in the sun for six hours. 5. Our ten chickens lay ten eggs
a day. 6. Our guests are coming. Please, lay the table.

1. ,[QKOH IlOJIO)!(HJI IlHCbMO Ha CTOJI. 2. OH B'lepa He CKa3aJI npaB.uy, OH coJiraJI MHe. 3. IlocJie 3a6era Ha 10 000 M no6e,nHTeJlb Jie)l(aJI
Ha 3eMJie BnonHOM H3HeMO)l(emm:. 4. BaM He cJie.uyeT noKYfiaTh 3TY
ph16y, oHa npoJie)l(ana Ha coJIHI.J,e 60JlbIIIe IIIeCTH qacoB. 5. )J,ec51Th
HaIIIHX KypHll, HeCyT .nec51Tb 51Hll, B.neHb. 6. H.nyr HaIIIH roCTH. Ilo)l(aJIYHCTa, HaKpOH Ha CTOJI.
BHHMauHe!

JiraTh, o6MaHbIBaTb to lie, lied, lied (-ingform: lying)

Jie)l(aTh, pacnoJiaraTbC51 to lie, lay, lain (-ingform : lying)
KJiaCTh, noJIO)l(lfTh to lay, laid, laid

BJiaCTb pa3BpamaeT, a a6COJIIOTHa51 BJiaCTh pa3BpamaeT a6COJIIOTHO. - C3p .[QK.oH 3MepHX 3.nBap.n )J,an6epr, nepBbIH 6apoH 3KTOH
( 1834- 1902), attr.rnrit:CKHH IlOJIHTHK HeMell,K0-6pHTilHCKOro npOHCXO)l(,l(eHH51
IlpHT.SDKaTeJibHOe npHJiaraTeJibHOe H MeCTOHMeHHe

B attr.rnrit:CKOM 513hIKe HMeIOTCH cJie.nyIOlll,He npJIT51)1(aTeJlbHbie npHnaraTeJibHbie (JieBbIB CTOJI6eu,) H MeCTOHMeHH51 (npaBbIB CTOJI6eu,):
IIpHJiaraTeJlbHble

E,zv1.
my
your
his
her
its

MeCTOHMenHJ1

MH.11.
our
your

E.z..11.
mine
yours
his
hers
(its own)

their

16

Mn.11.
ours
yours
theirs

"A Parliament is nothing less than

a big meeting of more or
less idle people. "
Walter Bagehot

Going by Bus
Lyn:

Tom:

Lyn:

There's a bus stop at the end of the road. If

the service is quite good, we could leave the
car in the garage
more often.
I haven't used
buses for years.
But I suppose
we should do
our bit for the
environment.
I'll see if I can
get a timetable
tomorrow.
17

IlapJia.MeHT - He 6oJiee 'leM J<pymme co6pa.HHe 6oJiee HJIH MeHee npa3.UHhIX nto.netb. - YoJITep lia.IOKOT (1826-1877), aarop H H3.D.aTeJih

IlpoBHCHa.R 6YKBa B aurJIHii:CKOM .R3b1Ke

HapH.D.Y c HMeHaMH co6cTBeHHhlMH ( <l>aMHJIHH, HaJBaHIDI crpan, ropo.noa) H JIH'IHhIM MeCTOHMeHHeM I (SI:>>) B anrJIHHCKOM .Sl3bIKe
c 60JibIIIOH 6}'KBbl IIHIIIYTC.SI cne.nyiom:He CJIOBa:
a) Mec.si:QbI H .D.HH He.nenH (January .SIHBapb, Wednesday cpe.na)
6) HMeHa, OTHOC.SIW:HeC.SI K c<t>epe 6o:lKeCTBeHHOfO, H o603Ha'laIOUIHe peJIIITH03HYJO npHHll,lUle)l(ffOCTb (God Doi'>>, Our Lord fOCIlO.llb, Holy Bible CBS1Ta.S1 liH6JIH.S1, a Christian xpHCTHaHHH,
a Protestant npoTeCTaHT)
a) HaJBaHH.SI naprnit (the Liberals JIH6epanbI)
r) rrpHJiaraTeJibHhie, o6paJOBaHHhie OT HMeH co6CTBeHHbrx (German
HeMeQKHH, English aHrJIHHCKHH, French <l>paHQY3CKHH)
.a;) THTYJibI (Elizabeth the Second, the Queen EJIHJaBeTa Bropa.si:,
KOpOJieBa)
e) cymecTBHTeJibHbie, rrpHJiarareJibHbie H 'IHCJIHTeJibHbie B tta3aaHIDIX KHHr H JaI'OJIOBKaX (The Oxford Companion to English
Literature 0Kc<t>op.ncKHH cnpaBO'IHHK no aHrnHHCKOH JIHrepaTYPe, The Old Man and the Sea CTapHK H Mope)

Iloel,l:Um ua asTo6yce

ToM:

B Konue yJIHQbl ecTb aBT06ycHa.si: OCTaHOBKa. Ecmt: TaM xopol.IIHH cepBHC, Mhl CMO:lKeM qam;e OCTaBmJTb Marmmy B rapa:lKe.
.SI }')Ke .naaHo He ewtJI Ha aBT06yce. Ho .nyMaIO, qro MbI .llOJI)l(-

JlHH:

HbI BHeCTH CBOH BKJia.D. B oxpany OJ<p}')l(aIOW:eH cpe.nbl.

IlocMOTpHM, y.nacTC.SI JIH MHe JaBTpa .nocraTb pacnucaHHe.

JIHn:

bus stop [bAs st~p]

to leave [li:v]
garage ['grera:3]
to suppose [ S;}'pouz]

aBT06yCHa.SI OCTaHOBKa
OCTaBJI.SITb
rapWK
rrpe.nnonaraTb; .nyMaTb,
ITOJiaraTb
oKp)')l(aIOrn:a.si: cpe.ua

environment [in'vai;}r;}run;}nt]

18

- - - - - EXERCISE - - - - -

The Progressive Form

Translate the following sentences, using the progressive form:
CBenn coJ1Hue.
Kor.na H BOilleJI B rocnrny10, oHa roBopHJia no Tenecj.>o-

HY

OttH )K,nY'T yxe 6onhwe qaca.

OH noo6eman .neTHM, qro 3aBTPa OHH noe.nyT K Mop10.
OH pa6oTaJI B ca.ny, Kor.na HaqancH ,no)!(JJ.h

A Prize in the Sweepstake

Janet:
Loma:

Janet:

19

IIpo,ll.oJDKenmUI cl>opMa (Progressive Form; Continuous)

llepeeeiJume npeiJAoJK:eHUR, ucnoAb3YR npoiJoAJK:eHHYIO rjJopMy:

The sun is shining. When I entered the living-room, she was telephoning. They have been waiting for more than an hour. He promised his children that they would be going to the sea tomorrow. He
was doing some gardening, when it started to rain.
- - - - - - - , [ ( J U I 3HATOKOB

------~

To Hoover
B aHnrnlicKoM qacTo c.rryqaeTcsi, qTo <l>HpMeHHOe Ha3BaHHe H3,a;eJIHSI npHMeHSieTCSI BOTHOllleHHH .a;pyrn:x H3,nemrn; TaK, HanpHMep, mo6oli nhmecoc Ha3hIBaIOT "Hoover". B 3TOM c.rryqae cymecTBHTeJihHoe ,nruKe npeBpamaeTcsi B rnaroJI: "I'll just hoover
the living-room!" - Mtte H)')KHO nponbmecocHTb BrocTHHOH!>>

BhlHrpwm ua cKa'IKa.X
~eHeT:

JlopHa:
LQK.etteT:

Ilo3,npaBJIS110, JlopHa, rnosi JIOllla,ub B cy660Ty npm1rna

nepBoii! ThI BhIHrpaJia 20 ipymoB!
3ro cqacThe HOBHqKa. JI HHKor.a;a eme He cTaBHJia Ha
CKaqJ<aX.
Mb1 cHoBa opraHHJyeM JI0Tepe10 Ha cJie.a:yIOmeii He.neJie. ThI, KOHeqHo, cHoBa KYfiHlllb 6HJieT.

prize [praiz]
congratulations
[k:m,grretju'leif:ms]
to come first [lwn fa:st]
luck [We]
ticket ['tikit]
surely ['.fu:)li]

npH3; BhIHrphllll
noJ,npaBITeHHSI; no3,npaBJIS110!
npHHTH nepBbIM, no6e.a;HTb
cqacTbe, y,a;aqa,BeJeHHe
6HJieT
KOHeqHo,HaBepHSIKa

20

Arriving at the Airport

John:

Eric:

John:

I have just looked at the monitor showing the

times of arrival. Mike's plane should land
infIVe minutes.
I suppose it will
be another half
an hour before
he is through
passport control
and customs.
I bet he'll be tired
after the long
journey.

"The great enemy

ofprogressive ideals is
not the establishment but
the limitless dullness of those
who take them up. "
Saul Bellow

IlpH6blTHe 8 a3poDOpT
,/:()Kott: 51 TOJihKO lffO IlOCMOTpeJI Ha Ta6JIO, r.n:e yx:a3aHO Bpewi:
npH6hITIDI. CaMoJieT MaH:Ka coaepIIIHT noca.n:KY qepe3
IDITh MHH}'T.
3pHK: .UYMaIO, npoH,n:eT eme nonqaca, noKa OH npoH,n:eT nacnopTHhIH KOHTpOJlh H TaMOlKHIO.
,/:()Kott: EhIOCh 06 3aKJia,n:, qro OH ycTaJI nocJie ,n:orrroro nepeJieTa.
monitor ['m::>nit~]
time ofarrival [taim ::>v ~'raiv~l]
half an hour [ha:f ~n 'au~]
passport control
['pa:sp::>:t k~n'troul]
customs ['kAst~mz]
to bet [bet]
journey ['d3.,:ni]

MOHHTOp, Ta6JIO
apewi: npH6hITIDI
nonqaca
nacnopTHhIH KOffTPOJlh
TaMO)l(}UI
cnopHTh, 6HThC$1 06 JaKJia,n:
nyTeIIIeCTBHe,neperreT

fJiaBHhlH spar nporpecCHBHhIX HAeaJIOB - He HCTe6JIHIIIMeHT,

a 6e3rpattffqHM TYfiOCTh Tex, KTO HX ycaaHBaeT. - Con EeJIJioy
(1915-2005), poMaHHCT, ypoxetteu. Katta,n:hI pyccKo-eapeiicKoro
npoHCXO)l()J;eHIDI (U.HTaTa H3 poMaHa B llepycarrHM H o6paTHO "To Jerusalem and Back")

Ymrri>e6JieBHe npo,ll.oJDKeHHoii ctopMbl

(Progressive Form; Continuous)
Ilpo,n:oJixeHHM q>0pMa ynoTpe6Jl$1eTc$1, Kor.n:a ,n:Ba npo,n:oJl)((eHHhIX BO BpeMeHH npou.ecca COBepIIIaIOTC$1 OAHOBpeMeHHO: While

he was writing a letter, the children were playing outside.

3Ta <l>opMa ynOTpe6Jl$1eTC$1 TaKXe, KOr,n:a OAHO ,n:eHCTBHe eme
MHTC$1, B TO epeMH KaK ,n:pyroe TOJihKO ttaqHttaeTC$1: Mr. Smith

was cleaning his new car, when it started to rain.

Ilpo,n:OJl)((eHHM <l>opMa ue ynoTpe6Jl$1eTC$1, eCJIH qTO-TO npOHCXOAHT onpe,n:eJieHHhIM o6pa3oM ecer,n:a HJIH coeepIIIaeTC$1 cttoea
H cttoaa: London lies on the Thames. Every Saturday Mr. Smith cleans

his car.
22

Outpatients
With her arm in plaster Sarah has to go back to the
hospital once a week. She goes to the outpatients'
ward. A nurse checks that
the plaster cast does not
cause her any irritations.
Since the bone was not
broken completely, the
plaster will come off in a
couple of weeks' time.
Then the arm will be
X-rayed once more to
check that it has healed
properly.

EXERCISE

The Progressive Form - Yes or No?

Fill in the missing form of the verb in brackets:

1. Mr. Scott

(to write) at his desk, when

a ball
(to come flying) through
the window. (past tense)
2. While the Smith family _ _ _ _ (spend) a
day at the sea, a man
(to rob) their
house. (past tense)
3. New York _ _ _ _ (to lie) on the Hudson.
(present tense)
4. I
(to have) a rest in the garden,
when someone
(to ring) at the door.
(past tense)
23

Y CapbI pYJ<a Brnnce. Ilo3TOMY otta )lOJDKHa pa3 BHe)lemo SIBJUITbcsi: B 6oJibHHizy. Capa u.neT B aM6yJiaTopmo. Me)lcecTPa rrpoBepsi:He BbI3BaJia JIH nrncosasi: rroBSI3Ka KaKHX-JIH6o pa:mpa.X<eHJlli. IloCKOJibK)' KOCTb He 6hlJla CJIOMaHa IlOJIHOCTbIO, fHilC CHHMYT qepe3
napy He)leJib. 3aTeM c)leJialOT peHTreH pYKff, qrn6h1 nposepHTh, see
JIH cpocJIOCb npaBHJibHO.
eT,

outpatient ['autpeif;mt]
ward [w:):d]
nurse [n.,:s]
to check [tfek]
plaster cast ['pla:st" ka:st]
irritation [iri'teif.,n]
bone [boun]
to come off [lwn :):fl
to X-ray ['eks'rei]
to heal [hi:l]

Ilpo~OJDKCHHaB

aM6yJiaTOpHblli 60JibHOH
naJiaTa(60AbHU~HaR),OT)leJieHHe

Me)lCeCTPa
rrposepsi:Tb
fHilCOBaSI IlOBSl3Ka
pa3)lpruicettHe
KOCTb
Y.llaJISITbCSI
)leJiaTb peHTreH
JieqHTb,HC~eJISITb;3aX<.HBaTb

J>opMa - ~a

HJIH

HeT?

3anOAHume nponyClcu ZAaZOAOM e HY:JtCHoii <ftopMe:

l. Mr. Scott was writing at his desk, whef\ a ball came Dying
through the window.
2. While the Smith family was spending a day at the sea, a man was
robbing their house.
3. New York lies on the Hudson.
4. I was having a rest in the garden, when someone rang at the
door.
l. M-p CKOTT IlHCaJI 3a CBOHM CTOJIOM, KOr)la B OKHO BJieTeJI MS{q_
2. B TO speMSI KOr)la ceMhSI CMHT npoBO)lHJia )leHb Ha Mope, KTOTO rpa6HJI HX )lOM.
3. HbIO-flopK pacnoJio)!(eH Ha peKe fy)l30H.
4. 51 KaK pa3 OT)lblXaJI B CaJlY, KOf)la Il03BOHHJIH B)lBepb.

24

Private Health Insurance

Eric:
Loma:

Our firm is offering us the opportunity ofjoining a private health insuran,:e. They will pay a
part of the monthly bill.
I would accept
immediately. It is
terrible to see the
waiting lists in
hospitals even/or
simple operations.
As a private
patient you don't
have to wait for
months or years.

EXERCISE
Idioms Using the Possessive Case
Keep in mind:
for God's sake
for goodness' sake
for Heaven's sake
for pity's sake
to one's heart's content
in my mind's eye
to be at one's wits' end

25

qaCTHaJI Me.zuuumcKaB crpaxoeKa

3pHK:
JlopHa:

Hama qmpMa npe.n:ocTaBJUleT HaM B03MO)l(HOCTb JaKJIJO'IHTb qacTH)'JO Me.11.HUHHCK)'IO CTpaxOBI<:y. 0HH 6y.ll.YT onJiaqHBaTb qacTb exeMecsrrnoro cqeTa.
51 6bI cpa3y npHIDUia 3TO npe.11.JlOXeHHe. 3Ta JanHcb
B 6oJibHHUax .n:axe Ha npocTeiirnyro onepauHJO - npocTO
yxac. IlrraTHOMY nauHeHTy He tty)!{HO )!{.ll.aTb Mecsi:uaMH
HJIH ro.11.aMH.

private ['praivit]
health insurance [hel0 in'.fmmms]
opportunity [ opa'tju:niti]
to join [d3oin]
bill [bil]
to accept [ ak'sept]
waiting list ['weitiQ list]
operation [opa'reifan]

qacTHhlH, JIHqHbJH; IlJiaTHbIH

Me.11.HUHHCKaHCTpaxOBKa
B03MO)l(HOCTb,C~aH

npHCOe.ll.HHHTbCH, 3aKJIJO'IHTb
cqeT
npHHHMaTb .
CilHCOK oqepe.11.HHKOB
onepauHH

YcToirlHBLie ewpIDKeHHJI c npHTSDKaTeJILHLIM na,n.e)KOM

for God's sake
for goodness' sake
for Heaven' s sake
for pity's sake
to one's heart' s content

Pa.11.H 6ora
panH 6ora
Pa.11.H Bcero CBHTOro
YMOJIHJO sac, noMHJiyiiTe
B.11.0BOJih,BBOJIJO,CKOJibKO
,eym.e Yf0.11.HO
no MOeMY MHeHHJO
6bITb B TYfiHKe, YMa He
npHJioxy

in my mind's eye
to be at one's wits' end
~------.[(JUI

3HATOKOB
Catch-22

------~

IloIDITHe " catch-22" (qacTo TaKXe "a catch-22 situation" ) 03HaqaeT TplOK HJIH JIOBYIIIKY - 6e3.11.eiicTBHe, BbJ3BaHHOe .ll.BYMH B3aHMOHCKJIJOqaJOJUHMl1 YCJIOBHHMH. 3To IlOIDITHe BBeJJ aMepHKaHCKHH nHcaTeJib JJ:xoJecl> XeJIJiep B ceoeM 0.11.HOHMeHHOM poMaHe
JlOByrnKa 22.

26

"Pessimism,
when you get used to it,
is just as agreeable
as optimism."
Arnold Bennett

The NHS
The National Health Service is a system offering free
medical treatment to evecyone in Britain. It came into
being in 1948 and is financed by taxation. When it
was first introduced it was
thought an excellent idea.
However, nowadays a lot
of people are dissatisfied
with the standards of the
service and take out
private insurances in
addition.

27

IlecCHMH3M, ec.JIH K HeM)' npHBbIKHYfb, TaK )Ke npJ.UITeH, KaK onTHMH3M. -ApHOJlb.!1. EettHeT (1867-1931), aHfllHHCKHH poMaHHCT

IlpHTIDKaTeJibebm mme:>K (Possessive Case)

IlpHTIDKaTeJihHhIH na,ue)I( o6o3Ha'laeT BJia,ueJlbu:a BeIUH H.JIH npoH3BO.LJ;HTeJUI neiicTBJ.UI. Ott ynoTPe6JU1eTCH rrpe)l()J;e Bcero rrpH o6o3Ha'lett11H JIHU: (John's friend) , )l(HBOTHhIX (a bird's song) H npH y1<:a3aHHH Ha3BaHHH (London's history). IlpHTIDKaTeJlbHbIH rra,ue)I( 06pa3yeTCH nYTeM npHCOe.LJ;HHeHJ.UI K cyiu:eCTBHTeJlbHOMY anOCTPO<l>a
H OKOH'laHHH -s (her mother's shopping-bag). Bo MHO)l(eCTBeHHOM 'IHC11e npHcoenHHHeTcH TOJihKO anOCTPOcP (my sisters' handbags). C11e.LJ:YeT o6paTHTb BHHMaHHe Ha TO, 'ITO B cPoPMe MHO)l(eCTBeHHOI'O 'IHCJla HeKOTOphIX cyiu:ecTBHTeJlhHhIX ynoTPe6JU1eTCH anOCTPOcP + s:
women's, children's. B HMettax co6cTBeHHhIX, 0KaH'IHBa10mHXcH Ha
-s, CTaBHTCH JIH60 's, JIH60 TOJlbKO anOCTPOcP, XOTH 's 6011ee ynoTpe6HTeJ1bHO: Dickens's novels.

Hau,uouaJibuas1 CJIYlK6a 3,ll.paeooxpauellllB

Hau:HOHaJihHaH CJI}')l(6a 3.LJ;paBooxpatteHHH (National Health Service) - c11cTeMa, npennara10maH 6ecIIJiaTHoe MenHU:HHCKoe o6cny)l(HBaHHe .LJ;JUI Bcex rpa)l()J;aH BeJIHJ<o6p1naHHH. Otta 6bma OCHOBaHa B 1948 r. H cPHHaHCHpyeTCH 3a C'leT HanoroBhIX OT'IHCJieHH11. Korna ee BBeJIM, 3TO Ka3allOCh OTJIH'IHOH H.LJ;ee11. OnttaKo cero.LJ;HH MHorne
JIIO.LJ;H He.LJ;OBOJibHhI Ka'leCTBOM ycnyr H .LJ;OITOJlHHTeJibHO 3aKJIIO'laIOT qacTHhie CTPaxOBKH.
National Health Service
['nref~nl hele 's~:vis]
medical treatment

Hau:HoHanbHaH CJI}')l(6a 3.LJ;paBooxpaHeHRH

MenHU:HHCKOe o6CJIY)l(HBaHHe

['medik~l 'tri:tm~nt]

to come into being

[lwn int~ 'bi:il))
to finance [fai'nrens]
taxation [trek'seif~n]
to introduce [intr~ 'dju:s]
dissatisfied [ di'sretisfaid]
standard ['strend~d]
to take out [teik aut]

B03HHKaTb, 6bITb OCHOBaHHbIM

cPHHaHCHpOBaTb
Hanoroo6JIO)l(eHHe
BBO.LJ;HTb
He.LJ;OBOJibHbIH
CTaH,llapT, HOpMa, Ka'leCTBO
3aKJIIO'laTb

28

23
Plans for the Visitor
John:
Mike:

John:

Are there any special places of interest which

you would like to see during your .stay?
When we are in
London I would
really like to see
Big Ben and the
Houses of Parliament.
We had thought
ofgoing to London by train either next week or
the week after.

EXERCISE

The Possessive Case

Fill in the appropriate form of the possessive case:
1. The jackets belong to the children. They are the
_ _ _ _ _ _ jackets.
2. The car parked outside the house belongs to
Mr. Miller. It is
car.
3. Mr. Smith built a kennel for his dog.
It is the
kennel.
4. The purse which was found in the shop belongs to
the woman who had just left.
It is the
purse.
29

IlJiaew AJUI rocTJJ

.UXott:
MaH:K:
.UXott:

KaKHe Jl;OCTOIIpHMe'lareJil>HOCTH re6e oco6eHHO HHTepecHO 6bmo 6bl y1mi:i;eTh, rroKa Thl Ji:i;ecb?
Kori:i;a Mhl 6yi:i;eM BJlott.n:oHe, MHe O'leHb xoreJiocb 6bl yBHi:i;eTb BHr BeH H rraJiaTbI IlapJiaMettTa.
Mhl Jl;)'MaJIH oTrrpaBHTbCH B JloHJi;ott rroe311;0M Ha cJiei:i;yiomeil: ttei:i;eJie HJIH i:i;ruKe ttei:i;eJiio crrycTH.

special ['spef~l]
place of interest
[pleis 'JV 'intrist]
stay [stei]
Big Ben [big ben]

cneUHaJibHbIH, OC06bIH
JlOCTOIIpHMe'laTeJibHOCTb

Houses of Parliament
['hauziz 'JV 'pa:fam~nt]
to go by train [gou bai trein]

rrpe6bIBaHHe
BHr BeH - KOJIOKOJI Ha qacoBon
6aurne JJi;aHHH IlapJiaMettrn;
m:HC. o6oJtta'leHHe caMoil 6arnttH
JJlaHHH IlapJiaMettTa
exaTb rroeJi:i;oM

IlpHTJDKaTCJihHbIH na,n,eiK
Bcmaebme HYJK:HYIO <jJopMy npumHJK:ameAbHOW naoeJK:a:

1. The jackets belong to the children. They are the children's jackets.
2. The car parked outside the house belongs to Mr. Miller. It is
Mr. Miller's car.
,
3. Mr. Smith built a kennel for his dog. It is the dog's kennel.
4. The purse which was found in the shop belongs to the woman
who had just left. It is the woman's purse.
1. KYPTKH npHHa,u.Jie:lKaT Ji;eTHM. 3To KYPTKH i:i;eTeil:/i:i;eTcKHe

KypTKH.
2. MarnHtta, npHnapKoBaHHaH nepei:i; i:i;oMoM, npKHa,u.rrellCHT
r-HY MHJIJiepy. 3To MaIIIHHa r-tta MHJIJiepa.
3. f-H CMHT nocTPOHJI KOHYPY J1;J1H cBoeil: co6aKH. 3To co6alJbH
KOttypa.
4. KorneJieK, KOTOpbIH 6hIJI HaHJl;eH B MaraJHHe, npHHa.IJ)JellCHT :lKeHmHHe, KOTOpaH TOJibKO 'ITO BbllllJla. fuo KOilleJieK :lKeHIUKHbI.

30

Royalty
As Mike comes from America, he is very interested in
the Royal Family. But not only foreigners are fascinated by royalty - the majority of the British population agree with the
monarchy, and the Queen
Mum is a favourite with
most people. John agrees
to take his friend to Buckingham Palace. Perhaps
they will see the Queen at
the changing of the guard.

"Education:
That which discloses to the wise
and disguises from the foolish
their lack of understanding."
Ambrose Bierce

KopoJieBcKa.sI BJiaCTL
IlocKOJlhK)' MaiiK H3 AMepHKH, OH oqeHh HHTepecyeTCH KoponeBCKOH ceMheit Ho He TOJlhKO HHOCTPaHIJ;hI BOCXHIUaIOTCH MOHapXHeii - 60JihlllHHCTBO 6pHTaHCKOfO HaceneHHH npHHHMaeT ee, H KOponeBa-MaTh - Jll06HMHUa MHOIBX. ~OH COfJlalllaeTCH CBOJU1Th CBOero ,npyra B DYKffHreMCKHH .D:Bopeu. Bo3MO)l(}{O, OHH YBHJJ:HT
KoponeBy Ha uepeMoHHH cMeHhI Kapayna.
royalty ['roi~lti]
foreigner ['farin~]
to be fascinated by sth
[bi: 'fresineitid bai]
majority [m~'d3oritil
population [popju'leiJ~n]
monarchy ['mon~ki]
Queen Mum [kwi:n rrwn]
favourite ['feiv~rit]
changing of the guard
['tfeind3iIJ ov o~ ga:d]

KOPOJieBCKaH BJiaCTh
HHOCTpatteu
6bITh oqapoBaHHhIM,
BOCXHIIIaTbCH
60JiblllHHCTBO
ttaceJieHHe
MOHapXHH
KOPOJieBa-MaTb
mo6HMbIH, JII06HMeu
CMeHa Kapayna

06pa30BaHHe - 3TO TO, qTo OTKPbIBaeT MY.D:PeUaM H CKpbIBaeT OT

rJIYIIUOB, HaCKOJibKO MaJihl HX 3HaHHH. -AM6po3 bHpc (1842 - OK.
1914), aMepHKaHCKHH nHcareJib (J..I.JITaTa 113 " The Devil's Dictionary")

Oco6euuocTH ynoTpe6JieHHH npHTIDKaTeJibHOro n3,!J,eJKa

B cJIO)l(}{bIX cymecrn11TeJJhHhIX anocrpocp npHcoe,n:HHHeTCH K nocne.11:tteu octtoBe: his father-in-law's farm (cJ:>epMa ero Teem).
06bJqHo CYilICCTBHTeJibHOe B npHTIDKaTeJibHOM na,ne)l(e CTOHT nepe.11: .D:PYTHM CYilICCTBHTeJlhHhIM. Ho ecnH KaKoe-JIH6o CYilICCTBHTeJibHoe CBH3aHO, HanpHMep, c qffCJIHTeJlbHbIM, CYilleCTBHTeJibHOe
B npHTH)l(aTeJihHOM na.11:e)l(e pacnoJiaraeTCH nocJie onpe.11:eJIHI01Uero CYilleCTBHreJibHoro: Three friends ofmy sister's came to see her. 3.11:ecb
no.11:pa3YMCBaeTcH: Three friends ofmy sister's ffriends] came to see her.
PaBHbIM o6pa30M npH o6o3Hal.Jemrn MeCTa MbICJieHHO .11:e11a10TCH .uonoJIHemrn: St. Paul's =St. Paul's [cathedral]. We'll go to my aunt's=

We'll go to my aunt's [house].

32

EXERCISE

Plural Forms
Put the following words into the pluralform:

copy
roof
handkerchief
woman
half
foot
toy
man

life
wife
goose
boy
cliff
safe
city
knife

child
mouse
lady
tooth
wolf
ox
leaf
proof

Going to the Disco

Jill:
Pete:

Jill:

A new disco opened in town last week. I was

thinking ofgoing tonight with a few friends.
Since you are telling me, I suppose it means
that you need
some money.
Well, now that
you mention it,
Dad, I could use
afew pounds. I
spent rather a lot
on clothes this week.

2 - AHrn111L1cKaA rpaMMarnKa wyrA

33

Ynompe6ume CAe0y10~ue CAoea eo MHO:JtCecmeeHHOM ituCAe:

lives
wives
geese
boys
cliffs
safes
cities
knives

copies
roofs
handkerchiefs
women
halves
feet
toys
men

children
mice
ladies
teeth
wolves
oxen
leaves
proofs

YfOJIOK 3KCIIEPTA
to know all the answers
to know the ropes
to know on which side
one's bread is buttered

= 6b1Tb 3HaTOKOM
= pa36HpaTbCH, 3HaTb TOJIK B qeM-JI.
= 3HaTb rrpeHM~ecTBa, (CBOIO)
BblfO)zy

IlocemeHHe ~cKoTeKH
.[()l(HJIJI: Ha rrpoUIJio1:t He.u:ene B ropo.u:e OTKphmacb HOBaH ,nHcKOTeKa. H .u:yMaJia cxo,u:HTb TY.U:a cero;:i:IDI seqepoM c .u:py3hHMH.
IlHT:
EcJIH Thi MHe 06 3TOM rosopHllih, 3HawT, re6e H)')KHhI
.U:eHbrH.
~: Hy, rrarroqKa, pa3 YJK Thi 3TO cKa3an, TO MHe 6b1 rrpHro.U:HJIOCh HeCKOJibKO <l>YHTOB. H Ha 3TOH He.u:ene AOBOJihHO
MHoro rroTpaTHJia Ha o.u:e)l(,lzy.
disco ['diskou]
tonight [t;)'nait]
to suppose [s;)'pouz]
to mention ['menf;)n]
to spend, spent, spent
[spend) [spent]
rather ['ra:o;)]

AHCKOTeKa (pll3z.)
cero;:i:IDI seqepoM
rrpe.u:rronaraTh
yrroMHHaTh, roBOpHTb 0 qeM-JI.
TpaTHTb
.U:OBOJibHO

34

An English Painter
This English painter is regarded as one of the greatest
landscape painters. He was born in Suffolk in 1776
and joined the Royal Academy in 1799. He began to
win recognition in the 1820s when he won a gold
medal at the Salon in Paris in 1824. He worked out-ofdoors, making sketches for the paintings which were
finished in his studio. He had no real successor in
England after his death. His son, Lionel, turned more
to formal compositions.
What is the name of this painter?

EXERCISE

Singular or Plural?
In the following sentences put the verb in the correct
form of the present tense (singular or plural) and select,
where necessary, the right possessive adjective:
1. Our team _ _ (be) discussing its/their chances of
success.
2. The audience _ _ (be) the largest we have ever
had.
3. The police _ _ (be) chasing the bank robber.
4. The Smith family _ _ (go) to the zoo on
Sunday.
5. The Government _ _ (vote) on a tax increase
today.

35

AllrJIHHCKHH xy,IJ;OlKllHK

3ToT a.HI'JIHitCKIIB xy)J;O)K}{HK C'IlITaeTCH O)J;HHM 113 BeJIHllaitlllllX rrei:t3IDKHCTOB. Ott po)J;HJICH B 1776 r. B CycpcpoJIKe 11 B 1799 r. rroczyrrHJI
B KopoJieBCK)'lO AKa,n;eMHIO. B )J;Ba,n;I.J,aTbIX ro)J;ax XIX B. OH nocTerreHHO CHHCKaJI rrpH3HaHHe IIOCJie TOro, KaK B 1824 r. IIOJiy<IHJI 30JIOTYIO Me)J;aJih Ha BhICTaBKe B flapIDKe. OH pa6oTaJI Ha IIJieH3pe
H )J;eJiaJI 3CKH3bI K KapTHHaM' KOTOpbie OKaH'rnBaJI B CBOelt MacTepCKOlt. TiocJie ero CMepTH B AHrJIHH y Hero He OCTaJIOCb IIOMHHHbIX
nocJie)J;oBareJielt. Ero ChIH, JialtoHeJI, 6oJibIIIe 3aHHMaJICH cpopMaJibHbIMH KOMII03Hl.l,HHMH. KaK 30BYT 3TOfO xy)J;O)K}{HKa?
John Constable (1776-1837)

JlyqIIIee co6pami:e rroJioTeH ,lX)KoHa KottcTe6Jia Haxo)J;HTCH B My3ee

B11KTopn11 H AJ!b6epTa B JloH)];oHe.

E,IJ;HHCTBeaaoe HJIH MHOlKeCTBeaaoe 'IHCJio?

Ynompe6ume B CAeay10w,ux npea11o:J1CeHwix ZJ1aw11 e HY:JICHOU </JopMe

HaCmO.R.UJ,eW 8peMeHU ( eauHCmBeHHOe U/IU MHO:JICeCmBeHHOe 'tUCAO)
U 8bl6epume, zae Heo6xoaUMo, npaBU/lbHOe npUm.R.:JICGme/lbHOe npUllazameAbHOe:

1. Our team is discussing its chances of success.

2. The audience is the largest we have ever had.
3. The police are chasing the bank robber.
4. The Smith family is going to the zoo on Sunday.
5. The Government is voting on a tax increase today.

1. HaIIIa KOMaH)];a o6cy)K)];aeT CBOH IIIaHCbI Ha ycrrex.

2. 3TO KOJIH'IeCTBO 3pHTeJieti - HaH60JibIIIee BO Bcelt HaIIIeii
rrpaKTHKe.
3. flomn.1.HH rrpecJieeyeT rrpeczyrrHHKa, orpa6HBIIIero 6aHK.
4. CeMhH CMHT co6HpaeTcH rroiiTH B socKpeceHbe B JoorrapK.
5. Cero)J;HH rrpaBHTeJibCTBO roJiocyeT 3a noBhIIIIeHHe HaJioroB.

36

A Cordless Telephone
Sue:
Pete:
Sue:

Pete:

Since we have had this cordless telephone,

I can neverfind it when it rings.
I quite often leave it in
the bathroom.
When I have a
bath, I certainly
do not want to be
disturbed by the
phone ringing.
Well, I always
think it might
be something
important.

EXERCISE
Articles
Fill in the correct article (if necessary):
I. _ _ John Smith was born in Glasgow.

2. For _ _ long time _ _ Millers lived in

Thackley, _ _ small village near Bradford.
3. Peter went to _ _ school in _ _ city of York.
4. After _ _ couple of jobs, he became _ _ civil
servant in _ _ town of Bingley.
5. _ _ success of _ _ novel made it possible for
her to be _ _ professional authoress.
6. In all her books she describes _ _ Scotland.
37

Cb10:
IIHT:
Cb10:
IIHT:

C rex nop KaK y Hae 3TOT 6ecnpoBO.U.HOH reJie<t>oH, SI Be'lHO He Mory ero HaHTH, Kor.u.a OH 3BOHHT.
.SI qacro OCTaBJU1IO ero B BaHHOH.
Kor.u.a SI npHHHMaIO BaHtty, MHe coBepmeHHO He xotieTCSI, 'IT06bI MeHSI 6ecnoKOHJIH 3BOHKH.
Hy, a SI Bcer.u.a .u.yMaIO - B.U.pyr TaM 'ITO-HH6y.u.h BIDKHoe.

cordless ['k::>:dfas]
to leave [li:v]
bathroom ['ba:8rum]
to have a bath [ba:8]
certainly ['s~:tnli]
to disturb [dis't~:b]
important [im'p:>:t~nt]

6ecnpOBO)J.HOH
OCTaBJUITb
BaHHaSI
npHHHMaTb BaHtty
TO'IHO,onpe.u.eJieHHO
MeIIIaTb, 6ecnoKOHTb
BIDKHbIH

BcmaBbme HY:NCHblU apmuK.llb (eCAu Heo6xoiJUMo):

1. John Smith was born in Glasgow.

2. For a long time the Millers lived in Thackley, a small village near
Bradford.
3. Peter went to school in the city of York.
4. After a couple of jobs, he became a civil servant in the town of
Bingley.
'
5. The success of a novel made it possible for her to be a professional authoress.
6. In all her books she describes Scotland.
1. L{xoH CMHT po.u.HJicSI B fJiaJro.
2. CeMbSI MHJIJiepoB .u.oJiro :lKH.Jla BT3KJIH, He6oJihrnoM noceJIKe 6JIH3

Ep3.u.<l>op.u.a.
3. IlHTep yqHJICSI B IIIKOJie B ropo.u.e :A:opK.
4. CMeHHB PM MecT pa6oThl, OH CTaJI CJIYXaillHM Bropo.u.e EHHrnH.
5. Ycnex poMaHa .u.an eif B03MOlKHOCTb cTaTb npo<t>eccHOHaJibHOH
IlHCaTeJibHHUeH.
6. Bo Bcex ee KHHrax onHChlBaeTCSI illoTJiaH,ll.HH.

38

"Of all the nations in the world

the English are perhaps the least
a nation ofpure philosophers."
Walter Bagehot

A Pamphlet
Lyn:

Tom:
Lyn:

I was handed this pamphlet while I was shopping. It's about a demorzstration against
the government's
policy on the
environment.
Shall we go along
and see what they
have to say?
I would like to go.
There are a few
famous people
invited who will
give their opinions.

39

lfa scex ttau1dl: B MHpe aHrJlllliatte, ITO)!(:arryH, B ttaHMeHhllleH cTerreHH CKJIOHHhI K rrpaJ,n:ttoMy qnrnoco<PcTBosaHHIO. - Y01nep EaJ1:)l(:OT ( 1826- 1877), aHrnlllicKID\: asTOp, "The English Constitution"
( AiirJIHHCKa51 KOHCTHTYI.J.HSI)

CpaeeeHHe e npeAJIOJKeHHH c Jill'IHblM MeCTOHMeHHeM I (B)

B pa3rosopttoM H3h1Ke rrpH cpasHettHH qame yrrO'rpe6AAeTCH o6'heKTHa51 <l>opMa JIHqHoro MeCTOHMeHHH (Hanp., me BMeCTO /). qT06hI H36e~Th HenpaBHJihHOro TIOHHMaHml, Heo6XO,n:HMO see )!(:e BMeCTO 06'beKTHOH <t>opMbI yrroTpe6AATh <t>opM)' HMeHJ.ITeJibHOro na.ne)!(:a + rnaroJI.
John can play basketball better than me/than I can. (... qeM SI.)
Mike's neighbour has known Sue as long as us.( ... KaK R ttac.)
Mike's neighbour has known Sue as long as we have. ( ... KaK 11 MbI.)
Frank loves cats more than me. ( ... qeM MeHSl/qeM SI.)
Frank loves cats more than I do. ( ... qeM H.)

JIHCTOBKa

JlHtt:
ToM:
n11H:

Mtte .!laJIH 3TY JIHCTOBKY, Kor,n:a SI xo.n:HJia B Mara3HH. 3To

0 npoBe,!J,eHHH ,n:eMOHCTpaUHH npoTeCTa npOTHB TIOJIHTHKH
npaBRTeJibCTBa s o6JiacTH oxpattbl 0Kp~a10metl: cpe,!!,hI.
Mo)!(:eT 6hITh, HaM CTOHT noHTH H nocJiyrnaTb, qTo TaM 6y.n:yr rosopHTb?
51 6bI CXO,!J,HJia. TaM 6y.n:yr HeKOTOpbie 3HaMeHMTOCTH, KOTOpbIX npMrnaCHJIH BhICKa3aTb CBOe MHeHRe.

pamphlet ['premflit]
to hand [hrend]
policy ['polisi]
environment [in'vai~r~nm~nt]
famous ['feim~s]
opinion [o'pinj:m]

JIHCTOBKa
paJ,n:asaTh, pacnpocTpaHSITb
TIOJIHTHKa
0Kp~a10ma51 cpe.n:a
3HaMeHMTbIH, H3BeCTHbIH
MHeHHe

40

EXERCISE

Comparison
Give the comparative or the superlative form of the
words in brackets and add: than, as, if necessary:
1. The Eros at Piccadilly Circus is _ _ _ _ _ __
(famous) statue in London, although it is not even
- - - - - - - - - ( l a r g e ) a grown-up person.
2. If you want to avoid another bump, drive _ _ __
_ _ _ _ (carefully) next time!
3. After dark, Piccadilly Circus is - - - - - - (lively) in the daytime.
4. From any point in London, you can get to Piccadilly Circus
(easily) by Underground.

Baby-sitting
Lyn's sister has had a baby recently, and Tom and Lyn
offer to baby-sit so that her sister and her husband
can go out for a meal.
Lyn has her sister tell
her everything two or
three times. Her sister
tells her that the baby
should sleep until they
come back, but that the
milk-bottle is in the
fridge just in case he
does wake up.

41

CTeneHH cpasaellllJI
Bcma6bme 6 c1Co61Cu npU11azameJ1bHble 6 cpa6HumeAbHOU U/lU npe6ocxoiJHou cmeneHu u ynompe6ume, ziJe HY;JICHO, than U/lu as:

I. The Eros at Piccadilly Circus is the most'famous statue in London,

although it is not even as large as a grown-up person. 2. If you want
to avoid another bump, drive more carefully next time! 3. After dark,
Piccadilly Circus is livelier than in the daytime. 4. From any point in
London, you can get to Piccadilly Circus most easily by Underground.
1. CrnzyH 3poca Ha TIJiom.a,u,H IlHKa,u,murn - caMaH HJBeCTHaH cTaTYH B JlOH,LJ;OHe, XOTH OHa ,UIDKe He ,UOCTHraeT poem B3pOCJIOfO 'leJIOBeKa. 2. EcJIH Bbl XOTHTe H36e)l(aTb CTOJIKHOBeHHH B 6y.uym.eM,
B CJie.Uyrolll.HH pa3 Be,UHTe MalliHHY OCTOpO)l(Hee. 3. IlocJie HaC1)'IlJieHHH TeMHOThl IlJIOlll.a,u,b IlHKa,u,HJIJIH CTaHOBHTCj{ 6oJiee O)l(HBJieHHOH, 'leM ,utteM. 4. lfa mo6o:H TO'lKH JloH,LJ;OHa .uo IlJIOlll.a.u.H IlHKKa,u,HJIJIH JieNe BCero .uo6paThCH Ha MeTPO.

C~ C pe6eHKOM

Y ceCTPhI JlHH He,uaBHO po,uHJicH pe6eHOK. ToM H JlHH npe,uJiaraIOT IlOCH,ueTb c MaJibllllOM, 'lT06bl ceCTPa c ~eM MOfJIH CXO,UHTb
B Kacl>e. JlHH npHXO,UHTCH CJIYlllaTb o6bj{CHeHHj{ ceCTPbl no ,UBa HJIH
TPH paJa. CecTPa roBopHT e:H, 'ITO pe6eHOK, HaBepHoe, 6y,ueT cnaTb
.uo HX B03Bpam.eHHH, HOB XOJIO,UHJibHHKe CTOHT 6yThIJIO'!Ka c MOJIOKOM Ha CJIY'laH, eCJIH OH BCe-TaKH npocHeTCH.

to baby-sit ['beibisit]
recently ['ri:sntli]
to offer (':)fa]
to go for a meal
fridge [ frid3]

CH,ueTb c pe6eHKOM
He,UaBHO
npe,uJiaraTh
IlOHTH noeCTb
XOJIO,UHJibHHK

42

A Phonecall at the Police Station

The cat which had suddenly appeared at Lyn's and
Tom's door seemed to like being with them. Even
when they put it out of
the house, it kept coming
back. Lyn decided to
phone the police to ask
if anyone had reported a
cat of that description
missing. No one had.
They talked the matter
over and decided to keep
the cat as long as it wanted
to stay with them.

EXERCISE

Adjectives
The adjective from 'flower' is 'floral'. Make adjectives
from thefollowing:

music
coward
trouble
friend

accident
pride
love
faith

43

bloom
child
anger
fear

3BOHOK B DOJillIUllO

IloxmKe, 'ITO KOlllKe, B.u;pyr nomJHBIIIeii:cj{ y .u;BepH JlHH H ToMa, nottpaBHJIOCh y HHX. ,[(!l)l(:e Kor.u;a OHH ee BhlnyCKaJIH, OHa B03BpamaJiaCh CHOBa. JlHH peIIIHJia TI03BOHHTh B TIOJIH.WUO, qTo6hl YJHaTh,
He 3~BJlj{JI JIH KTO-HH6y.u;h 0 npon!l)l(:e KOIIIKH, TIOXO)l(eH Ha OTIHcamcy10 e10. Ho 3MBJieHHii: He 6hmo. JlHH H ToM o6cy.u;HJIH CHTYau;H10 H peIIIHJIH .u;ep)l(aTh y ce6j{ KOIIIKY CTOJihKO, CKOJihKO eii: caMOH JaxoqeTCj{ y HIDC ocTaBaThCj{.
phonecall ['founk::>:l]
to appear [~'pfa]
to keep doing sth [ki:p]
to decide [ di'said]
to report missing
description [dis'kripf~n]
to talk sth over

TeJie<l>OHHhlH 3BOHOK
Il0j{BJlj{ThCj{
.u;enaTh qTO-JI. CHOBa H CHOBa
peIIIaTh
J~BJlj{Th o npon!l)l(:e
OTIHCaHHe
o6cy.u;HTh 'ITO-JI.

IIpuJiaraTeJibHbie

IlpUJ1azameJ1bHOe om cyU{ecmeumeAbHOZO flower - floral. 06pa3yume

npU11azameJ1bHble om CJ1edy10U{ux cyU{ecmeumeAbHblX:

music
coward
trouble

~
~
~

friend

~friendly

accident
pride
love
faith
bloom
child

~ accidental
~proud
~lovely
~faithful

anger
fear

~angry

musical
cowardly
troublesome

MY3hIKa
~ MY3hIKaJihHhIH
TPYC
~ TPYCJIHBhIH
6ecnoKo:HcTBO ~ np~Hffj{JOil(HH
6ecnoKOHCTBO
.u;pyr
~.u;p~eCKHH,
.u;p~eJI106HhIH

~blooming

~childish

~fearful

cnyqa:H
rop.u;ocTh
JI1060Bh
Bepa
UBeTeHHe
pe6eHOK,
JJ;Hrn
rHeB
CTPax

~ cnyqaHHhIH
~rop.u;hIH
~ MHJihIH
~ BepHhIH
~ UBeTYil(HH
~.u;eTCKHH ,

~
~

pe6j{qeCKHH
rneBHhIH
CTPaIIIHhIH,
~aCHbIH

44

A Silver Wedding Anniversary

Eric:
Loma:

Eric:

EXERCISE
The Plural Form
Build the plural form of the following nouns:
goose
ox
mouse
child
woman
deer
cloth

brother
louse
man
sheep
tooth
Scotsman
foot

45

Cepeop.S1HaJ1 csa.zu,oa
3pHK:
JiopHa:
3pHK:

Ilpe,1wraBJU1elllb, Mhl c To6oit xeHaThl noqTH ,nBa,i:maTb

illlTb JieT!
H)')l(Ho npe,nnpHIDITb qro-HH6y,nb oco6eHHOe BqecTb
Halllero 106HJieSI, HO MHe He xoqeTCSI 60JibllIOH BeqePHHKH.
Bbmo 6hl 3,nopoBo, ecJIH 6bl MbI npocro C'be3.D:HJIH xy,naHH6Y.D:h BMecre B KOPOTKHH OTTIYCK. KaK HacqeT IlapH)l(a, xy,na MbI e3,nHJIH B Halll Me,D:OBbIH MeCSIU.?

silver wedding ['silv~ 'wedi.JJ]

anniversary [reni'v~:s~ri]
to realize ['ri~laiz]
to be married [bi: 'mrerid]
to fancy ['frensi]
honeymoon ['lwtimu:n]

cepe6pSIHaSI cBa,nb6a
ro,nOBillHHa, 106HJieH
npe,ncTaBJUITb
6bITb 3aMY:lKeM/:lKeHaTbIM,
COCTOSITb B 6paKe
.nyMaTb, Boo6pa:lKaTb
Me,D:OBblii MeCHU.

MHoJKecTBeHHoe 'IHCJIO
06pa3yume </JopMy MHOJK:ecmeeHHow 11uCAa:

goose- geese

brother - brothers/brethren

ox - oxen
mouse- mice
child - children
woman - women
deer- deer
cloth - cloths/clothes
(TKaHH/TIJiaTbH)

louse - lice
man-men
sheep - sheep
tooth. - teeth
Scotsman - Scotsmen
foot- feet

(poocme.jpe.nuz.)

~------

LLJUI 3HATOKOB

------~

HeKOTOpble ycroii'IHBMe o6op0Tbl co CJIOBOM day

to save the day

let's call it a day!
that made my day
one of these days

cnacTH noJio:lKemre
KOHeu. pa6oTe!
6naro,napSI 3TOMY .neHb y,nancSI
O.D:HIDK.DJ>I, Bo.rorn npexpacHbrn ,neHb

46

At the Vet's
Lyn took the cat which had wandered into her house
to the vet's to have it checked over. The vet recommended that the cat
should be wormed. He
also gave it an injection
to protect it against several
illnesses specific to cats
and told Lyn to bring it
back for a second injection
in approximately ten
weeks' time.

''Advice is seldom welcome;

and those who want it the most
always like it the least. "
Philip Dormer Stanhope,
Earl of Chesterfield

Y ee-repHHapa
JlHH rrpHHecna KOlllK)', KOTOplUI rrpH6Jiy,llHJiaCb K HHM B ,llOM, Ha
ocMOTP K seTepHHapy. BeTepHHap nopeKoMeH.llOBaJI BbIBeCTH
y KOlllKH rJIHCThI. OH TaIOKe c,lleJian eJt npHBHBKY OT pa3JIH'IBhIX
KOllla'lbHX 6oJie3HeJt H rrorrpocHJI JlHH eme pa3 npHJtTH c KOlllKOJ:i
rrpHMepHO qepe3 ,lleCHTb He,lleJib Ha BTopyIO IIPHBHBK)'.
vet [vet]

BeTepHHap (c01cp. om veterinary

surgeon BeTepHHapHbIJ:i spa'I)
peKOMett.nOBaTb
rHaTb fJIHCTbl
HH'beKl.(HH;rrpHBHBKa
3amHman
crreumpH'leCKHJt, oco6b1J:i
rrpHMepHO,IlpH6JIH3HTeJihHO

to recommend [rek~'mend]
to worm [w~:m]
injection [in'd3ekf~n]
to protect [pr~'tekt]
specific [spi'sifik]
approximately [ ~pr::>ksimitli]

COBeT - pe,llKO )l(eJiaHHblJ:i: fOCTh; H Te, KOMy OH 60Jibllle Bcero Hy)l(eH, pa,llb1 eMY MeHbllle scero. - <l>HJIHII )J;opMep CT3HXoyrr, rpa<P
qecrep<!>HJIJl (1694-1773), H3 IlliceM K ChIHY ("Letters to his Son" )

Onpe.zi;eJieHHLIH apTHKJib npH yica3aHHH epeMeHH

De3 apmKJU1:

C apTHKJieM:

on Sunday, on Friday afternoon,

next Monday (B BOCKpeceHbe ...)

on the Sunday before the strike

(B socKpeceHbe rrepe,ll 3a6acTOBKoJt)

at night, at noon, by day, by

night, during breakfast
(H0%IO ... )

during the afternoon, in the

morning, throughout the day
(.llHeM ...)

at Christmas, at Easter, in July

(Ha Pm1c.uecrno ... )
December isn't cold here. (B ,lleKa6pe 3,lleCh eme He XOJIO,llHO.)

The December of 1975 was

very cold. ()J;eKa6pb 1975 r.
6bm O'leHb XOJIO,llHbIM.)

Orrpe,lleJieHHhrn apTHKJib yrrQTPe6JIHeTCH rrpH TO'IHOM HJIH rro.llpo6HOM o603Ha'leHHH speMeHH.

48

Denationalization
Pete:
Sue:

Pete:

Quite a lot ofstate-owned industries have

been denationalized over the last years.
I am not so sure
that industries
such as energy
and water should
be sold to private
businesses.
I don't know if it
is a good thing or
not, but a lot of
shareholders
have made money out of it.

EXERCISE

Articles
Fill in the co"ect article (if necessary):
I. Janet Smith, who was a grammar school teacher,
went to _ _ school every morning.
2. _ _ school was a huge building which had only
been built two years before.
3. Going to _ _ church played a great role in the
life of the Browns.
4. _ _ church where they went every Sunday was a
magnificent medieval building.
49

)J:euaQHoHaJIH3a....,.
IlHT:
CbJO:
IlHT:

Y:iKe MHOro rocy.napCTBeHHbIX npe.nnprurmil: nepellIJlo 3a

nocJie,nHHe ro.nbl B qacTHble pyirn.
R He }'BepeHa, qTo TaKHe OTpaCJIH, KaK 3JieKTP03HepreTHKa HJIH BOJJ:OCHa6:iKeHHe, tty:lKHO npo,naBaTb qaCTHbIM
KOMITaHIDIM.
He 3HaJO, xopomo 3TO HJIH HeT, HO MHOrHe aKI.J;HOHepbI
Ha 3TOM HeITJIOXO 3apa60TaJIH.

state owned [steit ound]

industry ['ind.istri]
to denationalize [di:'mefn.ilaiz]
energy [ 1enoo3i]
shareholder ['.fe.ihould.i]
to make money ['mmi]

B co6cTBeHHOCTH rocy.napcTBa
HHJJ:YCTPIDI; npOMbillUieHHOCTb
.neHaQHOHaJIH3HpoBaTb
3HeprIDI
aKI.J;HOHep
3apa60TaTb .neHbrH

Bcmaebme HYJICHblU apmW,.!lb (eC.!lu Heo6xoiJUMo):

l . Janet Smith, who was a grammar school teacher, went to school

every morning.
2. The school was a huge building which had only been built two years
before.
3. Going to church played a great role in the life'ofthe Browns.
4. The church where they went every Sunday was a magnificent medieval building.
l. )hK.eHeT CMHT, rrpeno,naBaBmasI B rHMHaJHH, xoJJ:HJia B llIKOJIY Ka:iK.noe YTPO.
2. IIIKoJia pa3MeII1aJiacb B orpoMHOM 3,naHHH, rroCTPOeHHOM Bcero
,nBa ro.na HaJa.n.
3. noceII1eHHe QepKBH HrpaJIO OOJiblllyJO poJib B:lKH3HH ceMbH EpayH.
4. ll,epKOBb, B KOTOPYJO OHH XOJJ:HJIH Ka:lKJJ:oe BOCKpeCeHbe, 6bma Be-.
JIHKOJieilHbIM cpe,nHeBeKOBblM 3,naHHeM.

50

"Don ,t part with your illusions.

When they are gone, you may still exist,
. but you have ceased to live."
Mark Twain

In the Office
Lyn:

I think my boss must have been in a bad mood.

He almost had one of the secretaries in tears,
shouting at her.
Tom: He probably had a
bad weekend.
Lyn: That may be so,
but it really doesn't
excuse his behaviour.
Tom: That's the good thing
about being the boss.
You can be in a bad
mood anytime you
feel like it.

51

He pacCTaBaifTeCb co CBOHMH HJIJII03WIMH. Be3 HHX Bbl, noxanyit,

cMoxeTe c)'lUeCTBOBaTh, HO nepecTaHeTe :JKHTh. - MapK TBeH
(1835-1910), aMepHKaHCKHif IlHCaTeJib

<l>opMbl naCCHBa
Present tense:
Past tense:
Present perfect:
Past perfect:
Future I:
Conditional I:
Future II:
Conditional II:
Auxiliary+ infinitive "to be":

The dog is beaten.

The dog was beaten.
The dog has been beaten.
The dog had been beaten.
The dog will be beaten.
The dog would be beaten.
The dog will have been beaten.
The dog would have been beaten.
The dog can be beaten.

B Present Tense H Past Tense MO:JKeT 6hITb o6pa3oBaHa npo,uoJI)l(eHHa.SI <t>opMa: The dog is being beaten. The dog was being beaten.

B ocllHce
JlHH:
ToM:
JlHH:
ToM:

Iloxoxe, MOif 6occ 6blJI cero,ulUI B IlJIOXOM HaCTPOeHHH.

O,utty ceKPeTaPIIIY ,uoBen ,uo ClleJ, TaK Ha Hee HaKpw1an.
HaBepHoe, nnoxo npoBeJI BbIXOAHbie.
MoxeT, H TaK, HO ero noBe,ueHWI 3TO He HJBHIDieT.
BoT rrotJeMY xopoIIIo 6bITb 6occoM. Ilnoxoe HaCTPOeHHe
y Te6.s1 MO:JKeT 6bITb B mo6oe BpeM.sl.

to be in tears [ ti;;iz]
to excuse [iks'kju:z]
behaviour [bi'heivj;;i]
to be in a bad mood [mu:d]

6bITb B CJieJax
H3BHIDITb
IIOBe,UeHHe
6bITb B IlJIOXOM HaCTPOeHHH

52

In the Post Office

Lyn:

Please give me twenty first-class stamps and tell

me how much this parcel will cost.
Clerk: I can give you the stamps, but you will have to
go to the counter at
the end to have your
parcel weighed.
Lyn: But there's such a
queue over there.
Couldn'tyoujust
weigh it here?
Clerk: No, I'm sorry. If I
started doing it for
one person, I would
have to do it for everyone.

EXERCISE - - - - - -

Translation
Translate the following sentences,
paying attention to the use of the definite article:
l. MbI Beer.a.a e3.ZUt:M Ha Mope B aBryeTe.
2. B rro3anpolllJioe BOeKpeeeHbe MhI 6hIJIH B 3oorrapKe.
3. .UHeM 5.1 Beer)la BO~ eo6aKY ryllilTh.
4. Ha Po)l(JJ.eerno y Hae Beer)la 6brnaeT 60Jihllia5.I HHJ(e:H:Ka.
5. 3a 3aBTpaKoM ToM Beer)la qHTaeT ra3eTY.

53

Ha no'ITe
JIHH:
l<JiepK:

JlHH:
l<JiepK:

L(aH:re MHe, nmKa.rryitcra, .mia.zu~aTh MapoK nepBoro KJiacca H CKCUKHTe, CKOJlbKO 6y..a;eT CTOHTb ::na OOCbIJIKa.
H Mory ..a;aTb BaM MapKH, HO OOCbUIKY BaM Hj')KHO B3BeCHTb B OOCJie..a;HeM OKHe.
Ho TaM TaKru1 oqepe..a;b. A Bbl He MorJIH 6b1 B3BeCHTh :mecb?
IlpocTHTe, HeT. C..a;eJiaelllb )l]UI o..a;ttoro - npH..a;eTCSI ..a;eJiaTb
)l]UI Bcex.

first-class stamp
[fa:st kla:s stremp]
parcel ['pa:sl]
counter ['kaunt:>]
to weigh [wei]
queue [kju:]
to be sorry ['s:lri]

MapKa nepeoro KJiacca

(OAR yc1eopeHHoii iJocmae1eu)
OOCbUIKa

CTOHKa; Kacca; OKHO

(e y'lpexiJeHuu)
B3BeIIIHBaTb
O'lepe..a;b
COJt<:aJieTb

Ilepeao,ZJ.
IlepeeeiJume 3mu npeiJJlo:HCeHua, o6pa114aJ1 6HUMaHue Ha ynompe61leHue onpeiJe11eHH020 apmuKJlJl:
1. We always go to the sea in August.
2. On the Sunday before last we went to the zoo.
3. I always take the dog for a walk during the afternoon.
4. At Christmas, we always have a big turke.
5. Tom always reads the newspaper during breakfast.

. - - - - - - - YfOJIOK 3KCilEPTA - - - - - - - .

Blarney
IlOHSITHe "blarney" HJIH " to blarney" npoHCXO)l;HT OT Ha3BaHHSI JaMKa oJiapHH Heno..a;aJieKY OT KopKa. ToT, KTO noueJIYeT HaXo,!l,Slll.(lllicsi B 3TOM JaMKe TPY..a:HO..a;ocryrIHblit " Blarney
Stone" - KaMeHb KpacHope'IHSI, npHo6pereT 3TO Ka'leCTBO, paBHO KaK H cnoco6HOCTb y..a;a'IHO JlbCTHTb. Ilpe..a;noJIOJt<:HTeJlbHO, OOHSITHe 06S13aHO CBOHM npoHCXO)l(,!J;eHHeM KOpoJieBe BHKTopHH, B OTBeT Ha HeYMepeHJIYIO JieCTb Jiop..a;a
oJiapHH 6y..a;TO 6bI CKaJaBllleH: "What a lot of Blarney!"

54

EXERCISE

Translation
l . IIIornaH,llUbI - ropJJ.hlli ttapoJJ..

2. Hapo,llbl EBpoIIhl xoTn o6beJJ.HIDITbCH.

3. Y TiaynbI qepHhle BonocbI.
4. HecKon1>Ko yron1>KOB BhlTiano HJ KaMHHa.
5. Otta J<YITHJla pa3Hhle COPTa <l>PYKTOB.
6. Ha JJ.eCePT 61>mH <l>PYKTbl.
7. IlHrep XO':leT KYJIHTb HeCKOnbKO pb160K )J.nH CBoero aKBapH}'Ma.

8. Co6aKa ocTaBuna Ha KOBpe ttecKon1>Ko BonocKoB.

At the News-agent's
Eric:
Newsagent:

Eric:

I would like the "Times", please.

I am very sorry, but the newspapers were not
delivered this
morning. I have
phoned the delivery office, and
they promised to
send a van
immediately.
Oh well, not to
worry. I will pick
up a copy in the
railway station.
55

Ilepeao,ll;
l . The Scots are a proud people.
2. The peoples of Europe want to be united.
3. Paula has got black hair.
4. Some coals fell out of the fireplace.
5. She bought different fruits.
6. There was fruit for dessert.
7. Peter wants to buy some fish for his aquarium.
8. The dog had lost some hairs on the carpet.
3KCI1EPTA
.....------YfOJIOKWellies

-----~

~llies -

pa.JroBOpHoe COKPauJ.eHMe OT wellington boots - pe3HHOBhie canorn. OH Ha3BaHhI no HMeHH nepsoro repuora BeJUIHHITOHa ( 1769-1852), 6pTaHcKoro reHepana
rocy.napcTBeHttoro .nesnem1, nocKOJihKY BHa'Iane 3Ta o6ysh
HCilOJih30BaJiaCb BapMHH.

3prnc
Mtte TatfMc, nO)!(aJIYHCTa.
Ilpo.naseu: K CO)!(aJiemno, raJeT ceronm1 YTPOM He nocTamum.
51 Il03BOHHJI BCJIY)!(6y )lOCTaBKH, HOHH o6emamt: HeMe.llJleHHO npHCJiaTb MaIIrnHy.
3pHK:
HH'Iero, He 6ecnoKOHTecb. 51 K)'Il.IIlO raJeTy Ha BOKJane.
news-agent ['nju:z eid3;)nt]
to be sorry ['s:>ri]
newspaper ['nju:zpeip;)]
to deliver [di'liv;)]
delivery [di'liv;)ri]
immediately [i'mi:dj;)tli]
not to worry ['wAri]
to pick up [pik AP]
copy ['k:>pi]

nponaseu raJeT
CO)!(alleTb
ra3eTa
nocTa:BJIHTh; .llOCTaBJUITh
nocTaBKa;.nocTaBKa
HenocpencTBeHHo; HeMe.llJleHHo,
TOT'Iac, cpa3y )!(e
He 6ecnoKOHThCH
npHo6peTaTh; IlO)lHHMaTh,
non6HpaTh
3K3eMnJUip

56

Golfing Terms
Mike:

John:

Mike:

John:

"Education makes a people

easy to lead, but difficult to drive;
easy to govern,
but impossible to enslave."
Lord Henry Brougham

TepMHHLI arphl B roJIMI>

51 CMOTpeJI no TeJieBH30py rom4>, H TilM ynoMHHa.JIHCb
.lQKoH:

TITalllKH, OpJihl H 6yKH. qTO 3TO 3Ha':IHT?

IlTillllKa - o.zum y.nap .no PaBeHCTBa>>, OpeJI - .lUl<l y.napa .no paBeHcTBa, 6yx:a - O.D.HH y.nap cBepx paBeHcTBa.
3.uopoeo. A ':ITO JHa':IHT paBeHCTBO?
3-ro YCTilHOBJieHHOe KOJIH':leCTBO y.uapoB no Wiqy, Heo6XO.IJ.HMOe HrpOKY .nmi: JaroHa ero B 0.llHY JIYHKY.

06pa30BaHHe C03)laeT Hapo.n, KOTOpblJI: JierKO BeCTH, HO TPY.llHO npHH)')K.ll.aTh; JiefKO .nepxaTb BO BJiaCTH, HO HeB03MOXHO nopa60THTb. - Jlop.u feHpH DPYM ( 1778-1868), TIHCaTeJib H JIOP.llKaHIVIep

Some H any KaK MCCTOHMCHHble npHJiaraTeJibHhle

Some ynoTPe6m1eTCH 60Jlh1I1ei1: ':laCThJ{> B YTBeP.UHTeJihHhIX npe.llJIOxeHHHX:
Give me some tea, please. (Heonpe.ueJieHHoe KOJIH':lecTBo)
They need some money for their trip to the sea. (oco6bIH, HO He Bcer.ua onpe.ueJieHHbIJI: B OT)leJibHOCTH cy6'beKT HJlH npe.uMeT)
I had bought some interesting books. (Bo MHoxecTBeHHOM ':IHCJie some
o6oJHa':laeT Heorrpe.ueneHHoe KOJIH':lecTBo)

Any ynoTPe6m1eTCH no npeHMYII1eCTBy:

a) B npe.llJIOXeHIDlX c OTPHll,aHHeM (He has not got any money.)
6) B BonpocHTeJihHhIX npe.llJIOXeHHHX (ls there any cake left?)
B) B ycJIOBHhIX npe.llJIO)l(eHIDlX (IfI had any money with me, I would

lend you some.)

58

"In science read,

by preference, the newest works;
in literature the oldest. n
Edward Bu/wer-Lytton

A New Aerial
The Millers had to order a new roof aerial as a bolt of
lightning had hit their's and completely destroyed it.
Fortunately they were
covered by an insurance
so that they had no financial loss. Still they ate
determined to take the
television plug and
aerial plug out next
time there is going
to be a thunderstorm.

59

B ttayx:e cne.uye-r 'lHTaTh no npeHM}'Illecrny HOBettume TPYLlhI; BJIHTepaType - cTapettume. - 9.nsapn BynBep-JlHTTOH (1803-1873)

Some u any KaK MeCTOHMemm

Ecm1 some H any ynoTPe6mnoTcsi B Ka'lecrne cymecTBHTeJihHhIX, TO
OHM o6o3HatiaIOT: a) some - HeonpeneneHHoe KOJIH'lecrno, 6) some
H any c ofnepen o603HatieHweM MaTepwana HJIH BHL(a so MHO)KeCTBeHHOM 'lHCJie - Heonpe.neJieHHOe MHO)KeCTBO HJIH KOJI.H'leCTBO:

Some ofmy friends helped me to put up the tent. You may use any ofthe
towels lying around.
Some OTHOCHTCH 3L(eCb K TOJihKO 'ITO npe)J.CTaBJieHHhIM LlPY3hHM, anyK KaKHM-TO nOJIOTem1aM.
AHa.TIOIWIHO some w: any ynoTpe6JISlIOTcsi w cneJJ.YIOlll.He MeCTO.HMeH.HH:
somebody - anybody, something - anything, someone - anyone.

Hosa.H auTeuua
CeMbe MHJIJiepoB npm1IJIOCh 3aKa3aTh HOBYJO Hap~ attTeHHY,
TaK KaK ynap MOJIHHH flOJIHOCThlO pa3pyUIHJI npe)KHJOJO. Ilo cqacThIO, y H.HX 6bIJia CTPaxOBKa, TaK 'ITO OHH He noHeCJIH y6hITKOB.
H see )Ke OHH peIII.HJIH B CJieLlYJOIIJHii pa3 BhIKJIIO'laTb H3 p03eTKH
TeJieBH30p H aHTeHtty BO BpeMH rp03bl.
to order ['::>:d;J]
roof [ru:fl
bolt of lightning
[boult ::>v 'laitnil)]
completely [k;Jm'pli:tli]
to destroy [dis'tr::>i]
fortunately ['fo:tfnitli]
to be covered ['kAv;Jd]
loss [bs]
determined [di't;J:mind]
plug [p~g]

3aKaJhIBaTh
KphIIIIa, KPOBJUI
y.nap MOJIHHH
noJIHOCThIO, cosepIIIeHHO
pa3pYIIIaTh
no C'laCThIO, K C'laCThIO .
6bITh 3aIIJHIIJeHHhIM
noTepsi
noJIHhIH peIII.HMOCTH
B.HJIKa (npu6opa ), IIITeKep

60

EXERCISE

something - anything - somebody - anybody

Fill in the appropriate forms:
1. Listen, there's ______ in the garden.
2. Of course there isn't
in the garden.
3. No, I didn't hear ______
4. Well, I heard _ _ _ __
5. There must be ______ there.
6. I can't see _ _ _ _ __

A Puncture
John:
Loma:
John:

Loma:

61

something - anything - somebody - anybody

Bcmaebme no0xoiJ11w,ue rjJopMbl:

1. Listen, there's somebody in the garden.

IlOCJIYIIIaii, TaM KTO-TO B ca,zzy.
2. Of course there isn't anybody in the garden.
KoHeqHo, B ca,zzy HHKoro HeT.
3. No, I didn't hear anything.
HeT, H H}{qero He CJihlIIIa.JI.
4. Well, I heard something.
Hy, a H qTo-To cJihIIlla.JI.
5. There must be somebody there.
TaM ToqHo KTO-To ecTb.
6. I can't see anybody.
51 HHKOro He BIDK)'.

IlpOKOJIOTaJI mHHa
micoH:
JlopHa:
micoH:
JIopHa:

KTO-HH6y.zi:h H3 Bae He.D:aBHO 6pa.JI Moii Benocnne.zi:?

Ilo-MOeMY, HeT. A noqeMY Thi cnpaUIHBaeIIIb?
51 xoren cero.D:HH BbiexaTh 3a ropo.zi:, HO y BeJIOCHne.zi:a npoKOJIOTa UIHHa.
'
3To MO)l(HO 6bICTPO noq.HHHTb. Thi cnpaBKillbCH H BnonHe cMmKelllb noexaTb.

puncture ('pAtJktf~]
bike [baik]
recently ['ri:sntli]
to cycle ['saikl]
out to the country ['lwltri]
it won't take long [teik bIJ]
to repair [ri'pe~]

npOKOJI, )J:bipa
Benocnne.zi:
He.zi:aBHO
eJ.D:.HTb Ha Benoc1rne.zi:e
Ha npnpo.zi:y
3TO He 3aHMeT MHOro BpeMeHH
qffHHTb

62

"People say that

life is the thing, but
I prefer reading."
Logan Pearsall Smith

A Polldcian
Born in Grantham, Lincolnshire, in 1925, the 'Iron
Lady' became Prime Minister of Britain in 1979.
She entered the House of Commons in 1959, and
from 1970to1974 she was Minister of Education
before taking over from Edward Heath as head of the
Conservative Party in 1975. During her time as Prime
Minister (until 1990), her policy of denationalizing
many of the state owned industries in Britain brought
her a great deal of unpopularity, especially from the
Trade Unions.
It shouldn't be difficult to guess her name.

63

JlIO.I:Ui fOBOp$1T, qTO rnaBHOe - )l(HJHb, HO j{ npe.nnoqHTaIO qTeHHe. - Jloratt IlHpC3JIJI CMHT (1865-1946), aMepHKaHCKHtf yqeHbiii, llHTaTa HJ Trivia

06pa3oeauue naccHBa
IlaCCHB 060JHaqaer ,nei1CTBHe, KOTOpoe COBeplUae'TC$1 B OTHOWeHJJH
cyfueKTa. (IlpHMep: People are manipulated by advertising.)
IlaCCHB o6paJye'TC$1 HJ .D;Byx qacTei1:
l) o.nttoti HJ <t>opM rnarona to be
2) npffqaCTffj{ npowe.nwero speMeHH (HanpHMep, beaten,

manipulated)
EcJrn BnaCCHBHOM npe.D;JIO)l(eHHH npe.nCTaBJij{eTCj{ Ba)l(HblM, KTO HJIH
qTo BbIIlOJIIDieT .nei1CTBHe, npOHJBO,nHTeJib .netiCTBffj{ BBO)J.HTC$1 c noMOIUbIO npe.nnora by. (IlpHMep: The letter was written by the secretary.)

Jle,IJ,H-IIOJIHTHK

)l(eJieJHa$1 Jie.D;H po.nHJiaCb B fp3HTX3Me (JlHHKOJibHIIllip) B 1925 r.

H cTana npeMhep-MHHHCTpOM BeJIHKo6pHTaHHH B 1979 r. Otta cTana 'IJieHOM nanaThI 06IUHH B 1959 r., a Cl970 no 1974 IT. 6bIJia MHHHCTpOM o6paJOBamui:, IlOKa B 1975 r. He CMeHHJia 3.nsap.na XHTa
Ha nocTY rnaBbI KOHcepsaTHBHOti napTHH. B 6bITHOCTh 3Toii ne.n11
npeMbep-MHHHCTpOM (.no 1990 r.) ee IlOJIHTHKa .nettaL1HOHaJIHJaL1Hl1
MHOfHX HaxO,JJ,HBllll1XC$1 B rocy.napCTBeHHoti co6crneHHOCTH 6p11TaHCKHX npe.nnpffj{THif c.nenana ee sechMa ttenonyMptto:H, oco6ettHO B cpe.ne npo<t>co10JoB. HeTpy.ntto yra.naTh ee HM$1.

Margaret Hilda Thatcher

MaprapeT XHJI,na T3T'lep

64

59
Decorating the Dinner Table
Tom and Lyn have bought a book which shows novel
ways to decorate a dinner table. As they do not have
too many table cloths or
serviettes they choose one
of the simpler decorations.
It still means that they have
to buy a few things such
as a new flower vase. But
with some of the other
ideas in the book, they
would almost have had to
redecorate their dining
room.

60
EXERCISE

Prepositions
Insert the correct prepositions in the following sentences:
1. The square was thronged _ _ people.
2. The salad was made _ _ lettuce, tomatoes
and cucumber.
3. Several detectives mingled _ _ the shoppers.
4. The square was full _ _ people.
5. The building was decorated _ _ coloured lights.
6. The statue is made _ _ aluminium.

3 - AHrn1-1'1cKa11 rpaMMaT1-1Ka wyrn

65

YKpameRHe croJia
ToM H JlHH K}'IIHJJH KHHiy , r)l.e rrpe)l.cTaBJieHbl HOBble crroco6b1 YKpameHIDI CTOJla. IlocKOJlbKY y HHX He TaK MHOro CKaTepreii H CaJl>eTOK, OHH Bbl6Hpa10T 0)1.Hy H3 KOMl103HUHH 11011p01ue. H ace )Ke
HM tty)l(HO 6y)l.eT K}'IIHTb HeCKOJlbKO rrpe)l.MeTOB - HarrpHMep, HOByJO Ba3Y. Ho ecJIH CJ1e)l.OBaTh .ll.PYfHM H.UeKM 3TOH KHHrn, TO HM rrpHllIJlOCh 6bI CMeHHTb rroqTH BCIO o6CTaHOBJ<Y B CTOJIOBOH.

to decorate ['dek;)reit]
novel ['n::>v;)I]
table cloth ['teibl kb8]
serviette [,s;):vi'et]
simple ['simpl]
flower vase ['flau;) va:z]

yKpamaTb
HOBblH, He06brqHblli
CKaTepTb
can>eTKa
npOCTOH
aa3a )J)UI 11aeToB

Ilpe)J)IOfH

1. The square was thronged with people.

,
2. The salad was made of lettuce, tomatoes and cucumber.
3. Several detectives mingled with the shoppers.
4. The square was full of people.
5. The building was decorated with coloured lights.
6. The statue is made of aluminium.
1. IlJIOIUa)l.b 6hma 3ano11HeHa HapO)l.OM.
2. CanaT 6hlJI H3 JIHCTbeB 11aT}'Ka, rroMHJiopoa H orypu,oa.
3. HecKOJlbKO ChIIUHKOB CMemanocb c To1111oii 110K}'Ilare11eii.
4. IlJloma)l.h 6bma 11011Ha Hapo)l.a.
5. 3)1.aHHe 6blJIO YKPametto HJIJllOMHHau,Helt

6. CTaTySI C.ll.eJiaHa H3 aJllOMHHHSI.

66

Valentine's Day
Sue:
Pete:

Sue:

It was very nice ofyou to buy me a bunch of

flowers. I didn't think you bothered much with
Valentine's Day.
I don't usually,
but as /was
passing the
flower shop I
noticed that
these bunches
were on special
offer.
How romantic
you are!

':4 statesman is

a politician who's been dead

ten or fifteen years."
Harry S. Truman

,Il;eHh ce. BaJieHTHna

Cb10:
I111T:
Cb10:

OqeHb M11JIO c TBoeH: cTopottbI, qTo TbI no.nap11JI MHe 6yKeT. A .R 11 He eyMaJia, 'ITO Te6.R TaK HHTepecyeT .neHb CB.R Toro Ba.rreHTHHa.
06bT':IHO HeT, HO Kor.ua .R rneJI MHMO UBeTO':IHOro MaraJHHa, .R JaMeTHJI, qTo 3T11 6YKeTbI 6hIJI11 co CKHD.KOH.
KaKoH TbI poMaHTH':IHbIH!

Valentine's Day
['vrel~ntainz dei]
bunch of flowers
[bAlltJ] ['flaun]
to bother with sth ['b:lo~]
usually nu :3u~Ii]
to pass [pa:s]
special offer ['spef~l ':lfa]
romantic [rou'mrentik]

.ueHb CB.RToro Ba.rreHTHHa

Ja60THTbC.R 0 ':leM-JI.; JaHHMaTb

KOro-JI.
06bl':IHO
npOXO)lHTb MHMO
crreu,HaJibHoe npe)J.JJO)l(eH11e,
CKH)lKa
poMaHTHqHbTH

focy.uapcTBeHHbIH .ues!TeJib - 3TO JIOJIHTHK, KOTOpbiti ~e )leCSlTb

HJIH JI.RTHa,nuaTb neT KaK YMep. - fapp11 C . TPYM3H (1884-1972),
TPH.1lUaTb TPeT11i:l: rrpeJH)leHT CIIIA (c 1945 no 1953 rr.)

Ym>Tpe6Jieuue apTHKJUI c cymecTBHTeJibHbIM

ApTHKJib He cTaBHTC.R a) nepe.u a6cTPaKTHbIMH cyrnecTBHTeJibHblMH (life) , 6) rrepe.u Ha3BaHH.RMH MaTepHaJIOB H rrpOD.YKTOB (tea ),
s) nepe.u npe.ucraa11TeJieM .uaHHoro KJiacca JIHU 11m1 npe.uMeTOB
BO MHO)l(eCTBeHHOM qJ1cJie (children) , eCJIH OHH ynoTpe6JI.RJOTCSl
B o6meM CMbICJie. Hanp11Mep:

a) Nature is in great danger because ofpollution.

Iristory is full ofsurprises.
6) Water is often scarce in summer.
Tea is mainly grown in India and China.
e) Parents are sometimes angry with their children.
Workers in the Third World don 't earn much.

68

63
EXERCISE
Questions
Insert a suitable pronoun or adjective:
1.

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

coat is this? Yours or mine?

country do you come from?
is wrong with you?
answer did he give to my question?
bus goes to the city centre?
is the matter?

64
Dialects
Have you noticed that the announcers on television no longer try to hide their dialect?
Jill:
True. Afew years
ago they all tried to
speak with a southeast English accent,
but now you hear
dialects from all
over Britain.
Pete: A Scottish accent
seems especially
fashionable at the
moment.
Pete:

69

BOIIPOCbl
BcmaBbme noiJxoOJlU{ee MecmoUMeHue wiu npwiazameJlbHoe:

l. Whose coat is this? Yours or mine?

2. Which country do you come from?

3. What is wrong with you?
4. Which answer did he give to my question?
5. Which bus goes to the city centre?
6. What is the matter?

l. qbe 3TO IIaJibTO? Barne HJIH Moe?

2. lfa KaKOH Bbl CTpaHbI?
3. qTO C BaMH?
4. qTO OH OTBeTHJI Ha MOH BOnpoc?
5. KaKoti aino6yc 11)1.eT JJ.O 11eHTpa ropoJJ.a?
6. B YeM JJ.eJio?

,II;uaJieKTLI
IlHT:
,U)l(J.iJIJI:

IlHT:

TbI JaMenrn:a, 'ITO ,ll,HKTOpb1 reJieBl1)1.eIDIB 6oJibllle He crapa10TCsi: CKPhITh CBOH JJ.HaJieKT?
To'lHO. HecKOJibKO JieT HaJaJJ. OHH Bce IlbITilJlllCh roBopHTh
c 10ro-BOCTO'lHblM aHr.IIBHCKHM npbH3HOllleHJ.ieM, HO Te. rrepb MO)l(HO CJibilllaTb JJ.HaJieKThI co Bcelt BeJIKKo6pHTaHHH.
l(a)l(eTCSJ, llIOTJialf,IJ,CKKH aKIIeHT cemac oco6eHHO MOJJ.eH.

dialect ['daiglekt]
announcer [g'naunsg)
to hide [haid]
accent ['reksgnt]
Scottish ['sk:>tiJl
fashionable ['frefngbl)

JJ.HaJieKT
JJ.HKTOp, BeJJ.YIUHH
npsi:TaTh, cKphIBaTb
aKIIeHT
llIOTJiaH)J.CKHH
MOJJ.HbIH

70

Phonecalls
The first reaction to Tom's advert was a telephone
call at eight o'clock on Saturday morning. Tom was
fast asleep when the phone
rang. The person calling
~,_<'{~"' ~
was very interested in
JfiV'RJVWRR'vftl~
buying Tom's car. Since
Tom wanted to eat breakfast in peace, he asked the
caller to come at eleven
o'clock. He had just put
the phone down, when it
rang again. It promised
to be a busy morning.

r,

"America is the only nation in history

which miraculously has gone directly
from barbarism to degeneration
without the usual interval of civilisation."
Georges Clemenceau

Tenecl>oHHble3BOHKH
IlepBhIM OTKJIBKOM Ha 06'M1BJ1eHHe ToMa 6bm TeJiecpoHHhIH 3BOHOK
B BOCeMb yrpa B cy660TY. TOM erue KpenKO CilaJI, KOr).l;a 3a3BOHHJI
TeJie<l>oH. 3BOHHBUIHtl 6bIJI O'leHb 3aHHTepecoBaH B IlOKYfiKe MallIHHbI ToMa. IlocKOJihKY ToM xoTeJI crroKOHHO no3aBTpaKaTh, OH
nonpocHJI 3BOHHBUiero npMHTH B O).l;HHHa).l;UaTh. ToJThKO ToM noJTO:lKH.TI Tpy6KY, KaK TeJTe<l>oH 3a3BOHHJI orurTb. YTpo o6emaJio 6bITh
HaCblll.(eHHbIM.
reaction [ri'rekf;)n]
to be fast asleep [fa:st ;)'sli:p]
to ring [ril)]
to be interested in ['intristid]
to put the phone down [faun]
busy ['bizi]

peaKUJUJ, OTKJTHK
KpenKo cnaTb
3BOHHTb
6bITb 3aHHTepeCOBaHHhIM B Y:eM-JT.
nOJIO)l(HTb TpY6KY
).l;eJIOBOH; 3aH51Thili; 3aH5ITOM

AMepHKa - e).l;HHCTBeHHIDI CTpaHa B HCTOp1rn, KOTOpIDI qy).l;eCHhlM

o6pa3oM nepellIJTa npHMo OT BapBapcrna K .n;ereHepauMH, MHHY.sl
o6bl'IHYJO crn.n;HJO UHBHJIH3aUHH. - LI.)l(opmK KJTeMaHco
(1841-1929), <J>paHUY3CKHtl rocy.n;apCTBeHHhlH ).l;eS!TeJib

Have KaK nonuo3ua1111Lm rnaron

B JHaY:eHHH HMeTh, o6Jia).l;aTb B 6pHTaHCKOM aHrJIHHCKOM npHMeWIJOTC.sI <J>opMbI have H have got (1). B pa3roBopHoM .sI3hIKe B HaCTo.s:rrueM BpeMeHH qarue BhICTYTiaeT <J>opMa got (6e3 npMcoemrneHHH do!) (2, 4). B aMepuKaHCKOM aJ-!rnHliCKOM 4arue npMMeWieTcH
<J>opMa have (c np11coe.n;uHeHHeM do!) (3, 5). B JHa'lemm HMeTh,
o6JTa.n;aTb have (got) He HMeeT npo).l;oJDKeHHOH <J>opMhI.
1. The Millers have (got) a nice house.
2. Have they got a garden, too? - No, they haven't. 11JTM:

3. Do they have a garden, too? - No, they don't.

4. Jane hasn't got a room of her own. 11JIH:

5. Jane doesn't have a room of her own.

72

Car Leasing
I've been around afew car sa/esrooms, picking
up leaflets on leasing.
Lyn: Do you think that
would be better than
buying a car?
Tom: Well, if the tax office
accepts that I use the
car mainly for business, I would be able
to put the leasing
costs against my
income tax, and we
r ~
could save money.
. ____ _/
Tom:

- - - - - EXERCISE - - - - -

'lhmslation
1. 3TO He 6hIJI ttec'IaC'THhill C.TI)"Ia:tf - y HMX cnoMarracb MaIIIHHa.

2. 06bl'IHO H TihlO 'ITO-HH6y,nh nepe,n e,no:tf.

3. BhI o6e,naeTe ,no qaca ,nHH?
4. Y ToMa H JlHH 6onhIIIO:tf ca,n.
5. y ChlO HeT co6cTBeHHO:tf KOMHaTbl - OHa ,neJIHT KOMHazy co CBOe:tf ceCTPO:ti.

73

ApeB,ZJ.a MamHHLI
ToM:
Jbrn:
ToM:

51 6hm B HeCKOJihlGIX aBTOCaJIOHax H B3AA npocneKThI no

apeH,lle MaIIIHHhl.
Thi ,eyMaelllh, 3TO JIY'Illle, qeM KYJIHTh Marn11tty?
Hy, ecJIH HaJIOroBCUI HHcneKl..(IDI npH3HaeT, qro H HCITOJih3YJO aBTOM06HJih rnaBHhJM o6pa30M B ,ueJIOBhIX ueJUIX,
j{ MOr 6hI OT':IHCAATh paCXO,Uhl no apeH,lle H3 ITO,UOXO,UHOro HaJIOra, 11 Mhl MOrJIH 6ht C3KOHOMHTh ,ueHhHI.

salesroom ['seilzrum]
leaflet ['Li:flit]
tax office [treks :lfis]
to accept [~k'sept]
to save [seiv]
1

TOprOBhIH CaJIOH
JIHCTOBKa, npocneKT
HaJIOrOBCUI HHCITeKl..(lfj{
npMHHMaTh, npH3HaBaTh
3KOHOMHTh

Ilepeeo.n;
I. They didn't have an accident - the car broke down.
2. I usually have a drink before dinner.
3. Do you have dinner before one?
4. Tom and Lyn have got a big garden. ,
5. Sue doesn't have a room of her own - she shares one with her
sister.

~-----

YfOJIOK 3KCilEPTA -----~

to count one's chickens

before they are hatched
to have all one's eggs
in one basket

UhHIJUIT no oceHH C'IHTalOT

crnBHTh Bee Ha o.nHY KaPTYI
pHCKOBaTh BCeM

74

EXERCISE

Adjectives
The adjective formed from the word 'England' is
'English '. Give the adjectives formed from thefollowing
countries:

Gennany
France
Italy
Sweden

Poland
Russia
Finland
Scotland

China
Spain
India
Wales

Japan
Ireland
Switzerland

A Novel
The novel we are looking for was written by Rudyard
Kipling and published in 1901. Kimball O'Hara, an
orphan, spends his childhood days as a vagabond in
Lahore until he meets an old lama from Tibet and
accompanies him on his travels. He is later adopted
and sent to school. He is then employed by the Secret
Service and gets a hold of papers from Russian spies
in the Himalayas. The book presents a vivid picture of
India, its religions and superstitions.
What is the name of this novel?

75

IlpHJiaraTeJlbHbie
llpUAa2ame11bHOe om England - English. IlpueeiJume npUAacameJ/bHble, o6pa3oeaHHbte om C11eiJy10w,ux H036aHuii cmpaH:

Germany/Gennan
France/French
Italy/Italian
Sweden/Swedish
China/Chinese
Spain/Spanish
India/Indian
Wales/Welsh

Poland/Polish
Russia/Russian
Finland/Finnish
Scotland/Scottish
Japan/Japanese
Ireland/Irish
Switzerland/Swiss

YronoK 3KCTIEPTA ----~

Pints and Glasses
When you are in a pub in England or Scotland, you would ask
for a 'pint' or 'half pint' of beer. In Ireland, however, you ask
for a 'pint' or a 'glass'.
Kor.ua Bbl rrpHXO)l.HTe Brra6 BAHrn1111 mm IIIornaHJJ.HH, BbI
rrpocHTe rrHHTY mm rroJirrHHTbI rrHBa. B HpJiaHJJ.HH )l(e tty)l(HO rrpoCHTb IIHHTYHJIH CTaKaH.

PoMau
PoMaH, KOTOpbIH Hae HHTepecyeT, 6bIJI Harr11caH Pe)l.Mip)l.oM KHrrJIHHroM 11 orry6m1xosaH B 1901 r. KHM6eJIJI O'Xapa, c11p0Ta, rrpoBOJJ:HT CBOe JJ;eTCTBO, 6pO,Ll,IDKJUl':lfill B flaxope, IIOKa He BCTpe':laeT
crnporo JiaMy H3 T116eTa 11 cTaHOBHTCH ero CnyTHHKOM B CTpaHcTBHHX. IlOToM KHM6eJIJia ycbIHOBJlj{lOT H OTJJ;aIOT BIIIKOJ!Y. Ilo3)],Hee
OH CTaHOBHTCH COTpY)J.HHKOM CeKPeTHOH CJIY)l(6bl H)l.06bIBaeT Ba:lKHbie )l.OKYMeHTbl y pyccKHX lll1lliOHOB BfHMa.JifillX. KHHra pHCYeT HpK)'IO KapTHHY HHJJ.HH, ee Bep0Bam1i1: 11 cyeBep11i1:. KaK Ha3hmaeTcH
3TOTpOMaH?

Kim
KHM

76

EXERCISE

Adverbs
Put the adverbs given in brackets in their co"ect places:
1. Tom leaves for the office at 8.30. (generally)
2. It was stated that Monday was to be a holiday.
(officially)
3. That serious-looking man is a teacher. (probably)
4. You should examine the matter. (carefully)
5. The traffic is growing denser. (steadily)
6. The fair is held just outside the village. (usually)

A New Camera
Tom has his new camera at home. He looks through
the instruction manual and finds that he can set the
camera to run automatically which means that it
will focus on the subject
itself. He can also use it
semi-automatically .by
pressing certain buttons.
He decides to try it out
around the house and
garden and inserts the
film.

77

Hape'IIDI
llocmaebme HapeitUJl e cKo6Kax e Hy.HCHOM Meeme:

l. Tom generally leaves for the office at 8.30.

2. It was officially stated that Monday was to be a holiday.
3. That serious-looking man is probably a teacher.
4. You should examine the matter carefully.
5. The traffic is steadily growing denser.
6. The fair is usually held just outside the village.

1. ToM o6hPIHO BhieJ)l(aeT / BhIXOJ:Uff Ha pa6ory a 8.30.

2. bLVIO o>Hl.JJHUlbHO o6'bSIBJieHo, qTQ ITOHe.ZieJibHHK 6y.ZieT BbIXO)UfblM .ZIHeM.

3. 3-roT cepbe3HbIH qeJIOBeK, BepOSITHO, yqHTeJib.

4. Te6e tty)l(HO 6hmo Tlll;aTeJihHO npoBepHTh :no .ZieJio.
5. ,llBIDKeHHe CTaHOBHTCSI Bee O)l(HBJieHHee.
6. HpMapKa o6bJ':IHO ycrpaHBaeTcSI npSIMO 3a .ZiepeBHeH.

Hoswil cl>OToannapaT
ToM RPHHec CBOH HOBhIH Q:>oToannapaT .ZIOMOH. Ott npocMaTpHBaeT HHCTpYJ<UHlO H BH.ZIHT, qTo MO)l(HO YCTaHOBHTb ero B ITOJIHOM aBTOMaTWieCKOM pe)l(HMe, qTQ 03HaqaeT aBTOHaCTpOHKY Ha npe,uMeT.
<l><YroarrnapaT MO)l(HO TIUOI<e HCITOJlb30BaTb lIOJlYaBTOMaTffqeCKH, HaJKHMaSI onpe.ZieJieHHble KHOITKH. TOM pernaeT HCITbITaTb ero B ,UOMe
H B ca.uy H 3apm1<aeT ITJieHKY.
instruction manual
[in'strAkf~m 'mrenju;)lj
to run [rAll]
to focus ['fouk;)s]
subject [1sAbd3ikt]
button ['bAtn]
to insert [in's;):t]

HHCTpYJ<UHSI no ITOJlb30BaHHlO
pa6oTaTb, QJYHIG~HOHHPOBaTb
HaCTpaHBaTb
npe.a;MeT
KHOITKa
BCTaBJISITb, 3apIDKaTh (o fl/leHKe)

78

EXERCISE

Substitute Forms for must

Put the following sentences into the tenses given in
brackets by using substitute forms for must:

1. We must all be at the station at six o'clock.

(past tense)
2. He must work hard. (future I)
3. I must write a letter to my aunt. (past perfect)
4. You must not touch the ball with your hands.
(past tense)
5. They must be at home. (past tense)

Good Friday
In Britain, Good Friday is not so much a holiday as it
is in some other countries. The banks are generally
closed, but a lot of shops
remain open. Most office
workers have a day off.
For these lucky people
it is a pleasant long
weekend, especially
if they do not have
to work on Easter
Monday either.

79

<l>opMhI, 3aMeHJ110nnte

must

Ynompe6ume CAeay10U(Ue npeaAoJICeHUfl 60 6peMeHax, aaHHblX

B cKo6Kax, ucnoAb3Yfl rjJopMbl, 3GMeHRIOU(Ue must:

I. We all had to be at the station at six o'clock.

2. He will be forced to work hard.

3. I had had to write a letter to my aunt.

4. You were not allowed to touch the ball with your hands.
5. They had to be at home.
~------

,[LJUI 3HATOKOB ------~

YcTofflluswe BblpWKeHIDI c salt

with a grain (pinch) of salt

not to be worth one's salt

= c ocTopo:>KHOCThJO, c .noneM:
Iq>HTHKH
=He JaCJiy)KJ.iBaTb 'I.-JI.
(6 CMblCAe OnAambt)

to rub salt into s.o. 's wound

= chmaTb coJib Ha paHbl

CTpacTuaJI IDITHHU.a

B Ben11Ko6p11TaHHH CTPaCTHIDI IDITHHUa He HBmieTC.H BTaKOH cTeneH11 npa3,ll;Hl1KOM, KaK B ,npynlX CTPaHax. EaHKH B OCHOBHOM He
pa60TaJOT, HO MHOfl1e Mafa311Hbl 011Kpb1Tbl. y 60Jibllll1HCTBa CJIY')l(aI.l.{11X BbIXO.n;HOH. )J,rnI 3TI1X C'IaCTJil1B'IHKOB 3TO rrpHHTHbie .nonrne BblXO,ll;Hble, oco6eHHO eCJil1 HM He Hy:>KHO pa6oTaTb 11 B IlOHe,n;eJibHHK
nocne Ilacxw.
Good Friday [gud 'fraidi]
holiday ('hol~di]
generally ('d3en~rnli]
to remain open
[ri'mein 'oup~n]
a day off [dei of]
lucky ['W<i]
pleasant ['pleznt]

CTPaCTHIDI IUITHHUa
npa3,ll;HHK; BblXO,ll;HOH ,UeHb
a o6meM, B uenoM
OCTaBaTbCH OTKpbITbIM
CB06o.n;Hb!H ,UeHb, BblXO,ll;HOH
C'IaCTJIHBbitf
npHHTHbIH

80

75

''An expert is one

who knows more and more
about less and less."
Nicholas Mu"ay Butler

76
An Accident
Lyn:

Oh, my, I've cut my finger while I was peeling

the potatoes.
Tom: It's not a deep cut, is it?
Lyn: No, but you know
that I can't stand
the sight of blood.
I'll have to sit down
for afew minutes,
or I'm liable to faint.
Tom: You'llfind any
excuse to make me
peel the potatoes,
won'tyou?

81

3KenepT - TOT, KTO 3HaeT Bee 60.Jlhllle H 60JibIIIe 0 Bee MeHbIIIeM

11 MeHbIIIeM. - HwKonae M10ppeil Earnep (1862-1947), aMepwKatteKHti <tmnoeo<P H ny6mmweT

Cpaeueuue e npe)J.JlolK.euuu
,[(Jrn o6pa3oBaHIDI epasmrreJibHOH eTeneHH npHJiaraTeJibHbIX MO.lKHO HenOJib30BaTb eJieJzyJOI.UHe eOI03bl H KOHeTpyi<UHH:
than(= qeM) noene npHJiararenhHOr o B epasHHTeJibttoii: eTeneHH
(That blue shirt is nicer than this one. 3Ta e11HIDI py6aIIIKa KpaeHBee
TOH/qeM Ta).
as ... as(= TaK .lKe ... KaK, CTOJihKO .lKe ... CKOJihKO) (He is as old as
my friend. EMY CTOJihKO .lKe neT, CKOJihKO MOeMY .n:pyry).
not as (so) ... as (= He TaK ... KaK, He TO ... qrn) (Your friend is not as
old as his cousin. TBoH: ,n:pyr He Toro .lKe B03paern, qrn ero ,n:Bo10po.n:Hh1:H 6paT).
all the+ Comparative(= reM) (All the better. TeM nyqIIIe).
the+ Comparative ... the+ Comparative(= qeM ... TeM) (The more
danger, the more honour. qeM 6oJibllle pHcK, TeM BhlIIIe qecTb).

n11tt:
ToM:
n11tt:
ToM:

Ox, 51 nope3ana naneu, Kor.n:a q}fCTHJia KapTOlllKy.

He rny6oKo nope3ana?
HeT, HOThi .lKe 3Haelllb, qro 51 He BhlHOillY BHJJ:a KPOBH. MHe
ITPHJJ:eTe51 npMeeCTb Ha HeCKO.Jlh~O MHH)'T, a TO 51 norep51IO
e03HaHHe.
Beqtto Thi Haxo,n:Hlllh oTroBOpKy, ~06b1 3aernBHTh MeH5I
qlfCTHTh KapTOllIKy. Be.n:h TaK?

accident ['reksid~nt]
to peel [pi:!]
sight [sait]
to be liable to do sth ['laiabl]
to faint [feint]
excuse [ ik'skju:s]

ueeqaeTHbIH cnyqa:H
qHCTHTb (KapmowKy)
BHJJ:
6b!Tb CKJIOHHblM K qeMY-JI.
noTep51Tb eo3Hamle, yrraeTb
B 06MOpOK
npe)l,Jlor

82

EXERCISE

Passive
Put the following sentences into the passive voice:
1. A kind policeman helped John.
2. Five officials will assist the chairman.
3. An interesting discussion followed the film.
4. The President has thanked us for our help.
5. They will tell him later.
6. He gave me some money.
7. Joan's father bought her a new car yesterday.
8. The boss promised the workers more money.

Welly Boots
Sue:
Pete:
Sue:
Pete:

When I took my we/lies out of the shed today,

I discovered a hole in them.
How did that
happen?
I haven't a clue!
Doesn't Jill have
the same shoe
size as you?
Maybe you could bo"ow her boots
- ..., ..,..
for the weekend.

83

Ilpeo6pa3yume 3mu npea110:J1CeHUJl 6 <jJopMy naccuBHow 3a110za:

l . John was helped by a kind policeman.

2. The chairman will be assisted by five officials.
3. The film was followed by an interesting discussion.
4. We have been thanked for our help by the President.
5. He will be told later.
6. I was given some money by him.
7. Joan was bought a new car by her father yesterday.
8. The workers were promised more money by their boss.
1. ,Z:()Kotty rroMor mo6e3HhIH nom1ueH:ct<JfH.
2. IlpeJ],CeJ],aTemo llOMOryr llSITb J].OJDKHOCTHbIX Jlfil{.
3. 3a <l:mJibMOM llOCJiellOBaJia HHTepeCHaSI J].HCKYCCHSI.
4. MbI noJiyurnu OT rrpe3HJJ.eHTa 6JiaroJJ.apHOCT.b 3a Harny noMOIUh.
5. 3TO 6yJ].eT eMy CKa3aHO 1103.)l(e.
6. OH JJ.aJI MHe HeMttoro JJ.eHer.
7. 0Teu t<yllHJI B'lepa ,Z:()KoaH HOBYJO Maunrny.
8. Ille o6emaJI pa6o'IBM noBbICHT.b 3ap11Jiary.

Pe3HHOBbie canom
Cb10:
Il11T:
Cb10:
Jl 11T:

KorJJ.a H ceroJJ.HSI JJ.OCTaJia 113 capasi cso11 pe3HHOB1>1e canorn, TO o6Hap)')l(HJia B HHX J]..bIPKY
A KaK OHa rroHBHJiacb?
JloHSITIDJ He HMe10!
A y ~ He raKOH )l(e paJMep, Ky re6H? Mo)l(eT 61>1Tb,
Thi B03bMeIUb y Hee canorH Ha B.bIXOJ].Hble?

welly boots, wellies ['weli bu:ts] pe3HHOBbie carrorn (pa3z. cot<pamett11e Wellington boots)
shed [fed]
capaii
to discover [dis'kw~]
o6ttap)')l(HBaTh; OTKpbIBaT.b
hole [houl]
JJ.bipa, JJ.bipKa
I haven't a clue! [klu:]
llOHSITHH He HMeIO!
pa3Mep 06ys11
shoe size ['.fu: saiz]
6paTb Ha BpeMH, 3aHHMaTb,
to borrow ['borou]
O)J.aJI)l(HBaTb

84

79
A Letter to America
Mike, who is staying with the Miller family, is writing
home to his parents in America, telling them of his
experiences in England.
~~
It is the first time he is
'--<.....-.f
'/'.
over in Europe so every~
thing is very exciting
to him. He writes
about his trip to London and about the
old castles, of which
they have already
visited several.

EXERCISE - - - - -

'Ihmslation
Ma1mrna M-pa CMttTa He TaKruI 6oJiblllruI, KaK Ma11111Ha
M-pa M11JIJiepa.
Maiii<y CTOJibKO )Ke JieT, CKOJibKO .[bKmzy.
3eJieHoe ruiaTbe Kpac11see Kpacttoro.
TeM ny'lll.Je.

B ropax He TaK Kpac1rno, KaK Ha Mope.

3To neTo TeTIJ1ee, l!eM npo111J1oe.
3TOT ;:i:eTeKTl1B TaKOH )Ke 11.HTepeCHblH' KaK 3TOT poMaH.
CeromUI He TaK xoJio;:i:Ho, KaK Bl!epa.

85

IlnchMO s AMepHIQ'
Ma:HK, rocrnmH:H B ceMhe MHJIJiepoe, nmneT CBOHM po,u:HTeJUIM
BAMepmcy Hcoo6maeT o CBOHX eneqarnemrnx 06 AHrJIHH. OH enepBhie B Eepone, Hece npe,ucTaBJUleTCsr eMY npoCTo JaXBaThIBaJOJ.UHM.
OH ITHllieT 0 CBOe:H noe3,U:Ke B JloH,u:OH H 0 CTapbIX JaMKax, HeKOTOpbie H3 KOTOpbIX OHH }')Ke noceTHJIH.
to stay [stei]

OCTaBaTbCS1;ocTaHaBJIHBaTbCH;
npe6bIBaTb, roCTHTb
onhIT; nepe)l(HBaHHe,
eneqanreHHe
BO.llH}'IOll(HH, 3axBaTbIBalOJ.UHH
noe3,U:Ka, 3KCKYPCHSI
JaMOK
}')Ke
HeCKOJibKO

experience [iks'pi::lri::lns]
exciting [ik'saitit)]
trip [trip]
castle ['ka:sl]
already [::>:l'redi]
several ['sevrnl]

Ilepeeo,n;
Mr Smith's car is not as big as Mr Miller's.
Mike is as old as John.
The green dress is nicer than the red one.
All the better.
In the mountains it is not as nice as at the seaside.
This summer is wanner than last summer.
This thriller is as interesting as this novel.
Today it is not as cold as yesterday.
~------,[(JUI

3HATOKOB ------~
Dead as a dodo
3To Bhlpll)l(eHHe OJHaqaeT qTo-To, qero }')Ke He cnacTH H He eepffYTh. OHO OTHOCHTCSI K.uo.uo - nn-1ue, KOTOpaH BO,UHJiaCb TOJibKO Ha OCTpOBe MaBpHKHH H 6hma TaM IlOJIHOCTblO HCTpe6JieHa.

86

Budget Day
In Britain, the Chancellor of the Exchequer announces all the tax changes on Budget Day. The public do not know what
these changes will be until
they are announced on
this one day in the year.
There is, of course, always
a lot of guessing as to
whether cigarettes will
cost more or if beer will
go up in price by a few
pence per pint.

EXERCISE

Improbable if-clauses
Make up improbable if-clauses by putting the right
sentence elements together:

1. were a member of
parliament
2. were a millionaire
3. were you
4. lived in England
5. were thirsty
6. were you

- not eat so much.

- have a break.
- reduce taxation.
- drink a whole bottle of
water.
- go on holiday all year
round.
- speak English better.
87

. ,IleHL rocy.zi;apcTBeHHoro 6IO,ll,lKeTa

B Bem1xo6pHTaHHH MHHHCTP Q:>HHaHcos 06'M1BJU1eT o scex HJMettemrax B HaJIOrOBOM CHCTeMe B .JJ:eHb r ocy,n;apcTBeHHOro 610,lOKeTa. 06mecTBeHHOCTb He JHaeT, KaKHMH 6y.nYT 3TH HJMeHeHIDI, noKa HX He ornac.HT B 3TOT e,n;1mcTBeHHbI:tt ,n;eHb B ro,n;y. flpH 3TOM, KOHe'IHO, Bcer,n;a BOJHHKaeT MHO)!(eCTBO ,n;ora,n;oK - no,n;opO)!(alOT JIH
cwrapeTbl, 6y,n;eT JIH OH.BO CTOH.Tb ,n;opO)!(e Ha HeCKOJlbKO neHCOB Ja
IlHHTY.
Budget Day ['bAd3it dei]
Chancellor of the Exchequer
['tfa:nsala] [iks'tfeka]
to announce [ a'nauns]
tax [treks]
to guess [ ges]
whether ['weoa]
to go up in price
[ gou AP in prais]
pence [pens]
pint [paint]

.JJ:ettb rocy,n;apcTBettttoro 610.IOKeTa

Kammep KaJHa'IeHCTBa, MH.HHCTP
Q:>HHaHCOB
o6b.HBJI.HTb, onosemaTb, ttJBemaTb
Ha.nor
yra,Zl;bIBaTb
JIH.
,n;opo)!(aTb
nettc (MH.lf. om penny)
IlH.HTa (0,57 A)

PeweuHe
CocmaBbme npeaAo:>K:eHUJl c HepeOJlbHblMU YCAOBUJlMU, coeauHJUl noaxoa1iu~ue lfOCmU npeaAo:>K:eHUU:

1. If I were a member of parliament, I would reduce taxation.

2. If I were a millionaire, I would go on holiday all year round.
3. If I were you, I would have a break.
4. If I lived in England, I would speak English better.
5. Ifl were trJrsty, I would drink a whole bottle of water.
6. If I were you, I would not eat so much.
1. Ec11M 6b1 .H 6hlJI 'IJleHOM rrap11aMeHTa, .H 6b1 CHHJH.JJ Hanorn.

2. Ec11H 6h1 .H 6b1J1 MH.JIJIHOHepoM, .H 6b1 ueJiblH ro,n; 6b1J1 B OTfiYCKe.

3. Ey,n;b .H Ha TBOeM MecTe, .H 6b1 c,n;eJian rrepepbIB.
4. Ec11H 6b1 .H )!(H.JI B AHrnHH, .H 6b1 JJY'Illle rosopHJJ no-aHrnHHCKH.
5. ECJJH 6bl .H XOTeJJ IlHTb, .H 6bl BblTIH.JI ueJJYIO 6YTblJIKY BO,Zl;bl.
6. Ey,n;b .H Ha TBOeM MeCTe, .H 6bl He eJJ TaK MHOro.

88

Higher Interest Rates

Pete:
Sue:

Pete:

I just picked up the bank statements. They have

increased the interest for the overdraft again.
It.would ofcourse be better if we didn't have an
overdraft, then you wouldn't have to complain
about the
costs.
OL
That's
7_GD-+--+-+-r---+-....,,.
easier said
than done.

EXERCISE

Passive
Put the following sentences into the passive voice:
1. Mrs. Miller sent a letter to the newspaper.
2. John cuts the grass every second week.
3. The teacher told the pupils off, because they had
been noisy.
4. Sue and Pete bought the house on Maine Street.
5. Dave changed the tyres on his car for winter.
6. Steve takes his dog for a long walk every day.

89

IlOBbJWeHHe npou;eHTOB

Il1n:

R B3SUI BhlllliCKY c 6aHKOBCKHX cqeToB. 0HH OIUITh rro-

Cb10:

BhICIDIH rrpol.(eHTbl 3a rrpeBbIIJ.IeHHe Kpe,UHTa.

Ehmo 6b1 nyqIJ.Ie He rrpeBhIIIIaTh Kpe,UHT, Torii,a H He rrpH.ueTC51 )IGUIOBaTbC51 Ha paCXOll,bI.
Jlerqe cKa3aTh, qeM c.uenaTb.

IlHT:

interest rate ['intrist reit]

bank statement
[breI)k 'steitm;;,nt]
to increase [in'kri:s]
overdraft ['ouv;;,dra:ft]
to complain [bm'plein]
that's easier said than done

rrpoueHT (B 6amce)
BbIITHCKa c 6aHKOBCK6ro cqern
rroBbllllaTh, YBeJIWIHBaTb
rrpeBhillleHHe Kpe,n:HTa
CO:JKaJieTb 0 'leM-JI., :JKaJIOBaTbC51
Ha 'ITO-JI.
nerqe cKa3aTh, 'leM c;:i;enaTh

Jlpeo6pa3yume CJ1eay10U(ue npeaJ10J1CeHUR B<ftopMy naccuBHoco 3aJ1020:

l. A letter was sent to the newspaper by Mrs. Miller.

2. The grass is cut every second wee~ by John.
3. The pupils were told off by the teacher, because they had been noisy.
4. The house on Maine Street was bought by Sue and Pete.
5. The tyres were changed for winter by Dave.
6. The dog is taken for a long walk every day by Steve.
I . MHCCHC MHJ1Jiep ITOCJiaJia ITHCbMO B ra3eTy.
2. Ka:JKll.hie ;:i;Be He.uenH ,U:lKoH rroii.cTPHraeT raJoH.
3. Y'lHTeJib cii,enan yqemrKaM BhlfOBop 3a TO, 'ITO OHH rnyMeJIH.
4. IlHT H CbJO K)'ITIDIH .uoM Ha M3:HH-CTPl1T.
5. ,ll,3HB CMeHHJI lllHHbl aBTOM06HJI51 Ha 3HMy.
6. CTHB Ka:JKll.hIH ;:i;eHh rro;:i;oJiry BhifYJIHBaeT co6aK)'.

90

EXERCISE
Tenses
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense:
1. If you __ (not believe) what I say, ask your father.
2. If you ask him, he
(to help) you.
3. I'd give up my job, if I
(win) the pools.
4. If I had known you were coming, I _ _ _ __
(to meet) you at the station.
5. If the burglar hadn't knocked over a vase, no one
_ _ _ _ _ (to hear) him.
6. I'll be in touch with you, if I _ _ _ _ (need) you.
7. It would be nice, if you
(to help) me.

"This world is a comedy

to those that think, and a tragedy
to those that feel."
Horace Walpole

Ynompe6ume CJ1aWJ1bl Bc1w61eax B HYJICHOM BpeMeHu:

l. If you do not believe what I say, ask your father.
2. If you ask him, he will help you.
3. I'd give up my job, ifl won the pools.
4. If I had known you were coming, I would have met you at the
station.

5. If the burglar hadn' t knocked over a vase, no one would have

heard him.
6. I'll be in touch with you, ifl need you.
7. It would be nice, if you helped me.

1. EcJIH Tbl He BepHIUb TOMy, 'ITO 51 fOBOpIO, cnpoc11 CBoero OTUa.

2. EcJIH Tbl ero nonpOCHIJlb, OH Te6e TIOMO)l(eT.
3. 51 6poCHJI 6bI pa60TY, eCJIH 6bI BbIHrpaJI Ha TOTaJIH3aTOpe.

4. EcJI11 6bl 51 3HaJI, 'ITO Tbl np11e.ne1J1b, 51 BCTPeTHJI 6bI Te651 Ha

BOK3aJie.

5. ECJIH 6bl rpa611TeJib He onpOKHHYJI Ba3y, ero 6bI HHKTO He ycJlbllllaJI.

6. 5.1 )laM 0 ce6e 3HaTb, eCJIH Bbl MHe IIOHa)l0611TeCb.

7. bbIJIO 6h1 xopOlllO, eCJIH 6bI Tbl IIOMOr MHe.

3TOT MHP - KOMe)lJ151 )lJl5I Tex, KTO MbICJIHT, 11 TPare)lJ151 )lJl5I Tex,
KTO tJYBCTByeT. - Xopac YoJIIIOJI (1717-1797), attrJIHHCKHH noJIHTHK H TIHCaTeJib

IlpC.IiJIOJKCHWI C COI030M

if

Ilpe)lJIO)l(eHIDI c co1030M ifo6pa3YIQTC51 no onpe.neneHHhIM npaB11JiaM. 0HH COCT051T 113 YCJIOBHOro npe)lJIO)l(eHJ151 (if-clause) H fJiaBHOfO npe)lJIO)!(eHH51 (main clause). Pa3JJHtJaJOTC51 TPH BH)la ycJioBHhIX npe)lJIO)!(eHHH:

l. BhmOJIHHMoe ycJIOBHe (probable condition):

Ifyou are in a hurry,

you can take my bike.

2. HeabmOJIHHMOe HJIH JIHUih TeopeTHtJecKH Bhll10JIHMMoe ycnoa11e

(improbable condition): /fit stopped raining, we could go for a walk.
3. OOJiee HeBbIIIOJIHHMOe (HeB03MO)!(HOe) YCJIOBHe (impossible condition): Ifyou had saved some money, you could have bought a new car.
92

Tax and Price Changes

Eric:

Loma:

Eric:

So the Chancellor has announced his budget.

As expected the tax on petrol was increased.
I find it quite ridiculous that we
have to pay 5 p
more per litre.
Yes, but on the
other hand the
basic rate of income tax was reduced, and we
don't use the car
that much anyway.

EXERCISE

What Time Is It?

Write down the long form of the following times:
It is 12.15 a. m.
It is 3.30.
It is 5.45.
It is 2 p. m.
It is 7.15.

It is 8.40.
It is 12.45.
It is 1.30.
It is 9.10.
It is 7 a. m.

93

IIoeblIDeHHe eaJioroe u ~eu

3pHK:
Jloptta:
3pHK:

Hy BOT, MHHHCTp Q>HHattcoB ornacHJI 610.IDKeT. Kruc H 0)1(}1.nan:ocb, u;eHbl Ha 6eH3HH IlO,lllUIJIHCb.
3TO KYPaM Ha CMeX - IlJiaTHTb Ha IDITb u;eHTOB 3a JIHTP
60Jibllle.
,ll,a, HO, c ,npyroH CTOpOHbJ, CIDf3HJIH OCHOBHOH TapHQ> no,llOXO,llHOI'O HaJIOra, a MalllHHOH Mbl He TaK }')!(: qacro IIOJib3yeMCH.

to expect [iks'pekt]
petrol ['petr~l]
to increase [in'kri:s]
quite [kwait]
ridiculous [ri'dikjul~s]
basic ['beisik]
rate [reit]
income tax ['inlwn treks]
to reduce [ri'dju:s]

0)1(}1,llaTb
6eH3HH
B03pacTaTb,yBe.Jlll1iHBaTbCH,
IlO,llHHMaTbCH
,llOBOJibHO
CMelllHOH
OCHOBHOH
TapHQ>
IlO,llOXO,llHhJH HaJIOr
CHIDKaTb, YMeHblllaTb

Koropblii qac?
3anuutume noAHYIO <ftopMy 'tacoeozo epeMeHu:

It is a quarter past midnight. It is twenty to nine. It is half past three.

It is a quarter to one. It is a quarter to six. It is half past one. It is two
o'clock in the afternoon. It is ten past nine. It is a quarter past seven. It is seven o'clock in the morning.
qeTBepTb nepBoro HO'!H. Ee3 ,nBa,nu;aTH ,neBHTh. IlonoBHHa '!eTBepToro. Ee3 '!eTBepTH qac. Ee3 'leTBepTH llleCTh. IlonoBHHa BToporo.
,ll,Ba 'laca nonony,nHH. ,ll,eCHTb MHHYT ,neCHTOfO. 11eTBepTb BOCbMOro. CeMb qacoB YTPa.

94

EXERCISE

Translation
Translate the following sentences into Russian, paying special attention to the different meaning of the
adverbs:
He put his hands deep in his pockets. I deeply regret
this mistake.
A good housewife knows how to buy cheap. He got
off cheaply.
He arrived just in time. The criminal was justly
punished.
She wears her hair short. The train will arrive shortly.

A Wine Bar
Lorna:
Jean:

Lorna:

I believe this wine bar only opened two or

three weeks ago.
It is very tastefully decorated,
and they seem to
have a good selection of wines.
I think I would
like to try a glass
of their "wine of
the month n along
with some cheese
and garlic bread.
95

Ilepeso.n
Ilepeeeoume Ha pyccJCuu R3blK, 06paw.OJ1 oco6oe eHuMaHue Ha pa311uitHbte 3HaiteHUJI Hapeituu:
Ott 3aCYJIYJI PYJ<H rny6oKo B KapMatthI. .H rny6oKo CO)i(filleJO 06 3TOH
oum6Ke.
X opornrui noMoxo3si:Hx:a 3HaeT, rne nerneBo K)'TIMTh. Ott nerneBo
OT)leJiaJICSI.
Ott rrp116hm KaK pa3 BOBpeM.H. TipeCT)'IlHHK 6hIJI crrpaBeMHBO ttaKa3att.
Otta HOCHT KOpOTKYJO CTpIDKKy. Tioe3Jl BCKOpe np116yneT.
~------LUI.SI

to dress loudly
to cut s.o. short
to run short of sth
to stop short
to cut a long story short

3HATOKOB -

- -- - - - - - ,

o.nesaTuc.H KPHKJIHBO
rrpephrnaTh
6hJTh Ha 11cxo.ne, KoHqaThCH
pe3KO OCTaHOBHTbCSI; BHe3aIIHO
3aMoJiqaTb
Kopoqe r oBop.H

Bunnh1ii 6ap
Jloptta:
~H:

Jloptta:

110-MOeMy, 3TOT BHHHhIH 6ap OTKpbIJICSI TOJlbKOJlBe HJIH

TPM tte.nen11 Ha3a,n.
Ott or.ne.natt co BK)'COM, 11 TaM, KIDKeTC.H, 6on:brnoH: Bb16op BHH.
.nYMaJO, CTOMT rrorrpo6osan: 6oKaJI HX BHHa Mecsrua
c CblpOM H qecHoqHhIM XJie6oM.

wine bar ['wain ba:]

to open ['oup;m]
tastefully ['teistfuli]
to decorate ['dek;}reit]
selection [si'lekf;}n]
to try [trai]
along with [;}'bl)]
garlic bread ['ga:lik bred]

BHHHbIH 6ap
OTKphIBaTb
CO BK)'COM
)'KpaIIIaTb,OT)leJibIBaTb, o6cTaBJISITb
BbI60p
IlhITaTbCSI; npo6oBaTb
BMeCTe c
qecttoqHhIH XJie6

96

EXERCISE
Negations
Put the following sentences into the negativeform:
1. Jill knows that Lyn and Tom are coming.
2. You have done something wrong.
3. He wants to see us.
4. I always do something wrong.
5. He thinks you are here.
6. You must try to hide something.

A Theatre Play
One of Bernard Shaw's most popular plays describes
the transformation of a Cockney flower-seller, Eliza
Dolittle, into a duchess. This seemingly impossible
task was carried out by the phonetician Professor
Henry Higgins who does this to win a bet. The 1957
musical version was entitled "My Fair Lady".
What is the name of the original play?

4 - AHrni-t~CKaR rpaMMarnKa WYTR

97

OrpunaHHJ1
Ynompe6ume CJ1eiJy101J4ue npea110:>1CeHUR 8 ompuu,ame/lbHOU rjJopMe:

1. Jill doesn't know that Lyn and Tom are coming.

2. You haven't done anything wrong.
3. He doesn't want to see us.
4. I never do anything wrong.
5. He doesn't think you are here.
6. You must not try to hide anything.
1. )1,)l(HJJJI He 3HaeT, 'ITO rrpH,Ll:YT JIHH H ToM.
2. TbI He c.n:eml.11 HH'lero IIJioxoro.
3. OH He xo'leT Hae BH.LJ:eTb.
4. 51 HHKor.n:a He .n:eJiaIO HH'lero IIJioxoro.
5. OH He .n:yMaeT, 'ITO Bbl 3.n:ecb.

6. TbI He .n:oJDKeH IIbITaTbC.11 'ITO-To CKphITh.

Il1>eca
0 .n:Ha H3 caMbIX rrorryAApHbIX IlbeC EepHap.n:a Illoy OIIHCbIBaeT rrpeBpaw,eHHe yJIH'IHoH JIOH.LJ:OHCKOH ~'IHHIU>I 3JIH3bI )1.yJIHTJI B repuorHHIO. 3Ta, KaJaJIOCh 6hl, HeBhIIIOJIHHMCUI 3a.LJ:a'la ocYI11eCTBJI.S1eTc.11 clJoHeTHCTOM rrpocpeccopoM feHpH XHrrnHCOM, KOTopblH .n:eJiaeT 3TO Ha rrap11. MYJbIKaJibHruI BepcH.111957 r. IIOJIY'lHJla Ha3BaHHe
Mo.11 rrpe1q>acHrui: Jie.UH. KaK HaJbIBaeTc.1111cxo.n:Hrui: rrheca?

Pygmalion
IlHfMaJIHOH

98

Paper Recycling
More and more old paper is being collected in Britain
to be recycled. Most stationery shops now stock a
range of writing paper
and envelopes made
of 100 % recycled material. And with the growing feeling of environmental consciousness in
Britain, more and more
people are buying these
recycled products.

EXERCISE

"if" and "when"

Insert the appropriate word:
1. _ _ they realized that it was going to rain all day,
they postponed the picnic.
2. _ _ we leave now, we can make it in time.
3. _ _ the teacher doesn,t know the answer, who
else will?
4. _ _ dawn broke, everything was thickly
covered in snow.
5. _ _ you don't want to come to the cinema with
us, rn give the ticket to someone else.

99

Ilepepa6on:a 6)'Mam
Bee 6oJibIIIe H 6oJibllle MaJ<YnarypbI co611pa10T B BenHKo6pHTaHHH
.llllil nepepa6oTKH. oOJihlllilHCTBO KaHl.(em1pcKHX MaraJHHOB npe,LJ,-

naraeT acCOpTKMeHT IDIC'leH 6)'MarH H KOHBepTOB, H3fOTOBJieHHblX

H3 100%-nepepa6oTaHHOf0 MaTepHana. pOCTOM 3KOJIOfH'leCKOro coJHaHIDI B Benmm6pHTaHHH ece 6oJibllle JIIO,LJ,ett noJ<YnaeT 3TH
H3,LJ,eJIIDI H3 nepepa6oTaHHoro CbipM1.

to recycle [ri'saikl]
to collect [ka'lekt]
stationery shop
['steifnari '.f:lp]
range [reind3]
environmental
[in,vaiarnn'mentl]

nepepa6aTbIBaTb
C06HpaTb
KaHuem1pcKHH MaraJHH,
nHC'le6)'MruKHblH Mara3HH
accopTHMeHT
OTHOCSllllHttCSI K OKp}')f(aIOmeti
cpe,LJ,e, 3KOJIOfKH,
3KOJIOrH'leCKHH
C03HaHHe
npO.Ll.YKT, H3,LJ,eJIHe

consciousness ['bnfasnis]
product ['pr:ldAkt]

If a when
Bcma8bme noaxoaR~ee CJl080:

1. When they realized that it was going to rain all day, they postponed the picnic.

2. lfwe leave now, we can make it in time.

3. If the teacher doesn't know the answer, who else will?
4. When dawn broke, everything was thickly covered in snow.
5. If you don't want to come to the cinema with us, I'll give the
ticket to someone else.

I. Kor,LJ,a OHH noHS1JIH, 'ITO ,LJ,O)l()],h 6y,LJ,eT H,LJ,TH uenhrn ,LJ,eHb, OHH
OTJIO)l(HJIH nHKHHK.

2. EcJTH MhI ceti'lac BhIH,Ll,eM, MhI eme ycneeM.

3. ECJTH YIJHTeJTb He 3HaeT OTBeTa, TO KTO )!(e?
4. Kor,LJ,a HaCTY"HJIO yTpO, see 6hIJIO JachmaHo TOJTCThJM cJToeM
cHera.

5. EcJIH Thi He XO'lelllb H,Ll,TH c HaMH B KHHO, H OT,LJ,aM 6HJieT KOMYHH6y,LJ,b ,Ll,pyrOMy.

100

Political Parties
As in any democracy Britain also has a number of
political parties with different views as to how the
country could best be run. There are the Labour
Party, the Conservatives and the Liberals.
Because of
environmental
issues the Green
party has become
more and more
important over
the last years.

"Give me the luxuries

of life and I will willingly do
without the necessities."
Frank Lloyd Wright

IloJIHT1111ecKHe nap11111
KaK 8 mo6oM .n;eMoKpaTH'leCKOM rocy,n;apcrne, e BeJIHKo6pHTaHHH
MHOfO TIOJIHTH'leCKHX napnm c pa3Jllf'IHblMH 83f.JUl,UaMH Ha TO, KaK
HaHJIY'D.IIHM o6pa30M ynpaBJUITb CTpaHOH. EcTh Jieii6opHCTCKasl napTIDI, KOHCepearopbl H JIH6epaJibl. lfa-3a 3KOJIOrH'leCKHX rrpo6JieM
8 IIOCJie,!J;HHe fO,!J;bl ece 6oJiee BruKHOH CTilH08HTCH napTIDI 3eJieHbIX.
IIOJIHTH'IecKH:H
rrapTIDI
qffCJIO
B3fJIH,!J;
ynpaBJIHTb CTpaHOH
cnopHbIH 80rrpoc, rrpo6JieMa

political [p"'litik"l]
party ['pa:ti]
number ['rwnb"]
view [vju:]
to run a country [rAll" 1k..\ntri]
issue ['isju:]

,[(aiiTe MHe pocKOUib, H H: rrpeKpactto o6off,n;ycb 6e3 tteo6xo.n;HMoro. - <l>p3HK JlJioii,n; PaiiT (1869-1959), aMepHKaHCKHH apXHTeKTop

Comacoeauue epeMeu B Koceeuuoii pe'IH

Koc8eHHaH: peqb (reported speech) COCTOHT H3 880,!J;HOfO rnaBHOfO
rrpe.u.rro:)f(eHIDI H 3aBHCHMoro rrpH.n;aToqttoro rrpe.u.rro)l(ettHH:: He says
that he likes flying. EcJIH rna8Hoe npe.u.rrmtceHHe CTOHT, KaK 8 .n;aHHOM rrpHMepe, 8 HaCTOH:llleM 8peMeHH, OCYUieCTBHTb npeo6pa308aHHe H3 rrpH:MOH peqff B KOCBeHll)'IO HeTpy,ll;HO, TIOCKOJlbKY 8peMH: ocTaeTCH HeH3MeHHbIM. EcJIH )Ke rnaettoe rrpe.u.rroX<:eHHe CTOHT e rrporne,n;UieM epeMeHH, TO 8 npH,n;aToqHoM rrpe,!I)IO)l(eHJHi rrpoHCXO,!J;HT
cJie,n;y10mee H3MetteHHe:

simple present
present perfect
past tense
future
present continuous tense
102

simple past
past perfect
past perfect
conditional
past continuous tense

EXERCISE

Indirect Speech
Put the following sentences into indirect speech:

1. My father said, "Stop wasting electricity!"

2. The teacher asked, "Are there any questions?"
3. The winner said, "I'm glad about the outcome of
the race."
4. He said, "Don't move, Tim."
5. "Is anyone there?" he asked.
6. Lyn said, "I like my room."
7. The scientist said, "The greenhouse effect will soon
concern everyone."

After the Wedding

Loma:
Sarah:

Eric:

Sarah:

How did you enjoy the wedding?

Apart from the/act that I had to wear that
silly bridesmaid's dres~s/=))
I really liked it.
~
Who was respon1.:.
siblefor tying all
those old tin cans
on the car of the
young couple?
Afewpeople
sneaked out during the reception.
/twas a good
laugh.
103

KoceeHHa.R peqb
llpeo6pQ3yume CJ1eoy10~ue npeiJ1w:J1Ce1tUJl e 1wcee1t1ty10 pe'tb:

1. My father said to me that I should stop wasting electricity.

2. The teacher asked if there were any questions.
3. The winner said that he was glad about the outcome of the race.
4. He told Tim not to move.
5. He asked if anyone was there.
6. Lyn said that she liked her room.
7. The scientist said that the greenhouse effect would soon concern
everyone.
l. Mott oTeu cKa3a.rr MHe, '-ITO si: .ll.OIDKeH nepecTaTh rpaTHTh 3JieKTpHqecrno. 2. YqHTeJih cnpocHJI, ecTh JIH eme BonpochI. 3. IIo6e)l.HTeJih cKa3a.rr, '-ITO Pa.ll. HCXO.ll.Y rottoK. 4. Ott BeJieJI THMY He .ll.BHraThca. 5. Ott cnpocHJI, ecThJIH KTO-HH6Y.ll.h.ll.OMa. 6. JlHH cKaJa.rra, '-ITO
ei1 ttpaBHTCH ee KOMHaTa. 7. YqeHhIH CKa3a.rr, qTo napHHKOBhIH 3<l><l>eKT CKopo KOCHeTCH Bcex.

IloCJie CBa,zJ,b6bI
Jloptta:
Capa:
3pHK:
Capa:

KaK Te6e noHpaBHJiach CBa)J.h6a?

EcJIH He cq11TaTh Toro, qro MHe npHllIJIOCh 6hITh B 3TOM
)J.ypaUKOM IlJiaThe IlO.ll.P)')KKH HeBeCThl, MHe Bee O'-leHh noHpaBHJIOCb.
A KTO 6bIJI OTBeTCTBeHHbIM 3a Bee 3TH nycTbie KOHCepBHbie 6aHKH, KOTOpbie IlPBH3a.JIH KCBa)J.e6HOH Manmtte?
HecKOJihKO '-leJioBeK so epeMH npHeMa BhICKOJib3ttyJIH 113
Ja.rra. Xoporno noBeceJIHJIHCh.

apart from the fact

[~pa:t] [frekt]
responsible [ris'p:ms~bl]
to tie [tai]
tin can ['tin kren]
to sneak out [sni:k]
a good laugh [la:f]

OTBeTCTBeHHhIH
npHBH.:3bIBaTb
KOHCepBHaH. 6aHKa
BblCKOJib3HyTb
xoporno ITOCMeHTbCH,
ITOBeceJIHTbCH

104

UMoney speaks
sense in a language
all nations understand. "
Aphra Behn

A New Battery
Tom's watch stopped suddenly. He thought at first
that it was broken before remembering that he had
bought a watch which
runs on batteries. He took
it to the jeweller's to have
the battery changed. The
jeweller assured him that
the new battery should
last for at least two years.
However, he was not
willing to give a guarantee on this.

105

J],eHbrH rosopSIT Ha SIJbIKe, noHSITHOM sceM ttapo)J.aM. - A <J>pa

6 eH (1640 - 1689), aHrJIHHCKaSI IDfCaTeJibHIU~a H lllilHOHKa npH
K apne BropoM. Q.HTaTa HJ " The Rover" , Part III (IlHpaT, 'I. III).

YKa3alllUI MeCTa H BpeMeHH B KOCBeHHOH pe11H

B KOCBeHHOJ:i peqH Tpe6yeTCSI cornacoBaH.He He TOJibKO BpeMeHH6H
<t>opMhl rnaroJia, HO H yKaJaH.HH Ha MeCTO H BpeMSI:

here
today
now
yesterday
the day before yesterday
last week/year
next week/year
tomorrow
the day after tomorrow

there
that day
then
the day before
two days before
the previous week/year
the following week/year
the next day
in two days

Hosas 6aTapeiiKa
Y ToMa BHeJanHo OCTaHOB.HJI.HCb qacb1. Cttaqana OH nO)J.)'MaJI, '!TO
OH.H HCnOpTHJI.HCb, HO noTOM BCflOMHHJI, 'ITO KyIIl1JI qaCbl Ha 6aTapei1Kax. Ott npHttec HX K IOBeJIHpy, 'IT06b1 noMeHSITb 6arapeli.1cy.
lOBeJI.Hp JaBepHJI ero, qro HOBOH 6arapettKH XBaTHT no Kpai1Hel1 Mepe Ha )].Ba ro)J.a. TeM He Mettee rapaHTHH OH He ,ll;aJI.
battery ['bret:)ri]
to remember [ri'memb;}]
jeweller ['d3lrnl;}]
to assure s.o. that [;}JU;}]
to last [la:st]
guarantee [,grernn'ti:]

6arapettKa
BCflOM.HHaTb
IOBeJI.Hp
JaBepRTb
.llJl}IThCSI; coxpaHSITbCSI;XBaTaTb
rapaHT.HSI

106

EXERCISE - - - - -

"to take" + Prepositions

Put suitable prepositions in the spaces allowed:
1. The dentist had to take
my bad tooth.
2. Take the quotation
in your notebooks.
3. The plane was due to take
at five o'clock.
4. He took a coin
his pocket.
5. Will you take
my work for a little while?
I need a rest.
6. I did not take
the man when I first met
him, and my dislike has increased since.
7. Waiter, take this soup
; it is cold.

A School
The boarding school we are looking for was founded
in 1921 by the Scottish teacher A.S. Neill in Leiston,
Suffolk. In the 1970s, this school was seen as a symbol
of anti-authoritarian education and was copied worldwide. The timetable in the school is only binding
for the teachers, the 6-17 year old pupils can attend
the lessons or not. The school has around 60 pupils
of various nationalities, British pupils being in the
minority.
What is the name of this school?

107

To take + npe,L1,.11oru
3ano11Hume nponycKu HY:JK:HblMU npeiJAocaMu:

1. The dentist had to take out my bad tooth.

2. Take the quotation down in your notebooks.
3. The plane was due to take off at five o'clock.
4. He took a coin out of his pocket.
5. Will you take over my work for a little while? I need a rest.
6. I did not take to the man when I first met him, and my dislike
has increased since.

7. Waiter, take this soup back; it is cold.

1. 3y6HOMY Bpaqy rrpHllDIOCb BblpBaTb y MeIDJ 60JibHOH 3y6.

2. 3aIIHilIJilTe IIHTaTY B CBOH 3aIIHCHbie KHIDKKH.

3. CaMoneT .noJDKeH 6bIJI B3JleTeTb B llilTb qacoB.

4. OH BbIHYJI MOHery H3 KapMaHa.

5. TbI Mor 6b1 HeMttoro rropa6oTaTb 3a MeIDJ? MHe tty)KHO

rrepe.noXHyTb.
6. 3ToT qeJIOBeK He Bbl3BaJI y MeIDJ CHMIIaTHH rrpH rrepBOH
BCTPe'le, H BIIOCJie.llCTBHH MO}{ HeIIplfj{3Hb B03pocna.
7. Ocl>HUHaHT, yttecHTe cyn; OH xono.nHhIH.

filKOJia

TiaHCHOH, KOTOpbIH HaM tty)KeH, 6bIJI OCHOBaH B 1921 r. IIIOTJiaH.llCKHM rre.naroroM 3.C. HHJioM BJleiicroHe (~cl><t>onK). B 1970-x ro.nax 3Ta IIIKOJia paccMaTPHBaJiaCb KaK CHMBOJI aHTHaBTOpHTapHoro
o6pa30BaHJ.fj{ H CJIY)KHJla o6pa3UOM .llJlj{ rro.npIDKaHJ.fj{ BO BCeM MHpe. PacID1caHHe ypoKOB B 3TOH IIIKOJie o6j{JaTeJibHO JIHllib .llJlj{ yqwTeneii, 6-17-JieTHHe yqeHHKH MOryT rrocemaTb HJIH He IIOCeIIIaTb
ypoKH. B IIIKone oKono 60 yqeHHKOB pa3HbIX HaIIHOHaJibHOCTei1 ,
6pHTaHCKHe yqeHHKH HaxO.ll}{TCj{ B MeHbllIHHCTBe. KaK Ha3bIBaeTCj{ 3Ta IIIKOJia?
Summerhill
CaMMepXHJI

108

EXERCISE

Irregular Verbs
Fill in the missingforms:
, saw, _ __
, was, _ __
, sang, _ __
, put, _ __
, stood, _ __
, drove, _ __
, took, _ __
said, _ __
, did, _ __
, felt, _ __

1. to
2. to
3. to
4. to
5. to
6. to
7. to
8. to
9. to
10. to

In the Swimming Bath

109

HenpaBHJibHhle maroJihl
Bcmaebme npony1J4eHHbJe rjJopMbl:

l. to see, saw, seen

3. to sing, sang, sung
5. to stand, stood, stood
7. to take, took, taken
9. to do, did, done

~-----

2. to be, was/were, been

4. to put, put, put

6. to drive, drove, driven

8. to say, said, said

10. to feel, felt, felt

YfOJIOK 3KCilEPTA -----~

:IKHBOTHhle H copni MJ1ca

pig- CBHHMI
pork - CBHHHHa
sheep- osua
mutton - 6apaHHHa
calf - TeJieHoK

veal - Te.IUITHHa
cow- Koposa
beef - roBjJ:J(HHa
lamb - HrHeHoK;
MSICO HrHeHKa

B 6acceiiHe
Cb10 XO.lUiT B 6acceHH 0.lUfH Pa3 B He.uen10. y Hee He TaK MHOI'O BpeMem1 .llJlH .upyroH cPH31f'IeCKOH Harpy3KH, H OHa qyBCTByeT, lJTO npoITJiblTb O.llHy 11.rm .use .uopo)l(]{}i - xopOlllHH cnoco6 noMep)J(HBaTb
ce6H B <t>opMe. EacceHH IlOCTPOeH He,llaBHO, HOH BeChMa COBpeMeHeH 6naro.uapH csoe}f orpoMHoH: aKBaropKe H zypeuKoH 6aHe. TaM
ecTb TaIOKe CKaMeHKH H Ka<t>e, 'IT06bI OT,llOXHyTb nocne IIJiaBaHHH.
swimming bath ['swimiJJ ba:e]
exercise ['eks'1saiz]
length [leIJe)
recently ['ri:sntli]
slide [slaid]
Turkish bath ['t'1:kif ba:e]
bench [bentn

6acceHH .
ynpIDKHeHHe, cPH31f'IeCKaH
Harpy3Ka
.llJIHHa; .uopo)l(J(a B 6acce:HHe
He.uaBHO
cnycK, ropa, :lKeno6; 30.:
aKBaropKa
zypeUKaH 6allil
CKaMbH, CKaMeHKa

110

"Friendship often ends in love;

but love infriendship - never. n
Charles Caleb Colton

Travel Brochures
Loma and Eric have not made up their mind yet
where to go in summer. Eric called in at the travel
agency in his lunch break
and picked up a lot of
brochures. He took information on active holidays
with tennis, skin-diving or
water-skiing and also
others where one is not
expected to do anything
more strenuous than walk along the beach and lie in the sun.

111

.[(p}')l(6a qacTO KOH'laeTCH JllOOOBblO; HO Jll060Bb JJ.P}')l(60H - HHKoma. - qapnb3 Kane6 KoJITOH (1780-1832), attrmfikKH.H CBRmeHHHK H JIHTepaTop

06pa3oeaHHe naccHBa
IlaccHB 06pa3yeTcR H3 <t>opMbI rnarona to be + Past Participle:

The flowers are watered. (ll,BeTbI non11aa10T.)

The book was written. (Km1ra 6bma HaJIHcaHa.)
IlaccHB MO)!(eT o6pa30BbIBaTbCR BO acex BpeMeHax, HO IlPOJJ.OJI)!(eHHaR <t>opMa ynoTPe6AAeTCH B nacc11ae TOJibKO B Present Tense H Past

Tense.
The house is being built. (Li:oM CTPOHTCR.)
The meeting was being held. (KoH<t>epeHUHH npoaomrnacb.)

'fypncTJ111ecKHe npocneKTbl
JiopHa 11 3pHK eme He pe1I1HJIH, KYJJ.a exaTb neTOM. B o6eneHHhIH
nepepbIB 3pHK 3aIIIeJI B TYPareHTCTBO H Ha6pan MHO)!(eCTBO npocneKTOB. OH nonyqHJI HH<i>opMaUHIO 06 aKTHBHOM oT~IXe c Hrpoil
B TeHHHC, JJ.aHBHHrOM H BOJJ.HblMH Jlbl)!(aMH, a TaK)!(e 0 npyrHX BHJJ.ax OTJJ.bIXa, rne He npennonaraeTcH H11qero 6onee HanpH)!(eHttoro,
qeM nporyJIKH no ~ 11 JaropaHHe Ha conHUe.
travel brochure ['trrevl 'brouf::>]
to make up one's mind [maind]
lunch break ['1A11tJ breik]
to pick up [pik)
information [,inf::>'meif::>n]
active ['rektiv]
skin-diving [skin 'daiviQ]
water-skiing ['w::>:t::> 'ski:iQ]
strenuous ['strenju;:,s]

112

TypHCTJAqec1adi: npocneKT
pernaTb
o6eneHHhIH nepepbrn
,B3RTb, Pa3JJ.06b1Tb
HH>0pMaUHH
aKTHBHbIH
naiiBHHr, Hbiprume
BOJJ.Hbie Jlbl)!(H
HailpH)!(eHHbIH

EXERCISE

'Ihlnslation
H oxoTHO npHMY npHrnarneHHe.
BepoSITHO, Cb10 npHe)J,eT OJlHHHMuaTw-mcoBbIM
noeJ)J,OM.
Kroi<eTCSI, OH cero)JJUI B IlJIOXOM HaCTPOeHHH.

K coxa.JieHHIO, .si Ja6bm o6emaHHYJO KHHry.

OH 6y)J,eT npo)J,oJDKaTb eJJlHTb (BeCTH Maumtty) 6b1CTpo, IlOKa He npOH30it,u,eT HeC'laCTHblH CJI)"IaH.
Bepo.siTHo, .si cero)J,IDI BCTPe'ly ,lVK.oHa.
MaiiK HenpeMeHHO CKopo npH)J.eT.
foBOp.sIT, 'ITO 3TO npaB)J,HBa.sI HCTOpH.sI.
IloJIHueHCKHH CJI)"IaHJiO npOXOJlHJI MHMO, KOr}la rpa6HTeJib IlOKH)J,a.JI 6aHK.

Diving Equipment
Tom and Lyn have signed up for a scuba diving
course. They could borrow equipment such as fins
and masks, but since they
expect to use them in
summer anyway, they
have decided to buy their
own. As they are new to
the sport, they've chosen
medium priced equipment
which the sales assistant
has assured them is just
as good as the most expensive.

113

Ilepeeo.n;
I am glad to accept the invitation. Sue is likely to arrive with the train
at eleven o'clock. He seems to be in a bad mood today. I am sorry
that I have forgotten the promised book. He will continue to drive
fast till he has an accident. I am likely to meet John today. Mike is
sure to come in a minute. The story is said to be true. The policeman
happened to walk past when the robber left the bank.
. - - - - - - - - .[(JUI 3HATOKOB - - - - - - - - - - - ,

to finish by
to go on, to keep (on)
to prefer, to like better
to be true
that is to say

Keep in Mind:
JaKOH'IHTb
npo,uoJDKaTb
npe,urro<J1.naTb
eeptto
HHaqe rooopH, APYfHMH CJIOBaMH

CuapJDKeHHe )l;JIB .n;aileHura

ToM H JIHH 3am1caJllicb Ha KYPChI ,ua'Hemrra. OttH MOrJIH 6h1 B3HTh
HarrpoKaT CHapffil<eHHe - JlaCTbl H MaCKH, HO nocKOJlbKY TOM HJhrn
paCClJHTbIBalOT Bmo6oM cnyqae 110Jlh30BaTbCH HMH JleTOM, OHH peIIIHJlH KYJIHTb co6cTBeHHOe CHapffil<eHHe. TaK KaK OHH HOBHlJKH
B 3TOM BH,ue C110pTa, OHH Bb16paJlH CHapffil<eHHe 110 cpe,UHHM 11eHaM, 0 KOTOpoM 11po,uaee11 CKaJaJl, lJTO OHO TaKOro )l(e Ka'leCTBa, KaK
H caMoe ,uoporoe.
to sign up for sth [sain]
to borrow ['b:lrou)
fin [fin]
mask [ma:sk]
medium priced
['mi:dj:lm praist]
to assure [:lJU:l]

3aIIHcaTbCH KY.Ua-n.
6paTb HarrpoKaT
nacTa
MaCKa
110 cpe,UHHM 11eHaM

114

EXERCISE
Question-Tags
Add the necessary question-tags in the following
sentences (e.g. "don't you?"):

1. I am clever, _______ ?
2. You should go now, _______ ?
3. You will be back soon, _______ ?
4. Tom is going home, _______ ?
5. You haven't seen Joan, _______ ?
6. Owls eat mice, _______ ?
7. You'd do it if you could, _______ ?

An Observatory
This observatory was founded in 1675. It bears the
name of the Inner London borough where it was
originally built. However, due to the unclean air and
the bright city lights it was moved to Herstmonceaux
Castle in East Sussex, in 1950. The meridian which
passes through this observatory is recognized by most
nations as the prime or 0 meridian. The meridian is
also responsible for the exact time measurement in
Great Britain.
What is the name of this observatory?

115

P33)J.eJIHTeJihHble eonpocw
JI.onoAHume C/leoy10~ue npeoJ10J1CeHUR Heo6xooUMbl.MU pa3oe./lumeAbHbl.MU nonpocGMu (HanpUMep, He m01c AU?):

1. I am clever, aren't I?
2. You must go now, shouldn't you?
3. You will be back soon, won't you?
4. Tom is going home, isn't he?
5. You haven't seen Joan, have you?
6. Owls eat mice, don't they?
7. You'd do it if you could, wouldn't you?
1. H YMHbIH, npaa.ua?
2. Te6e ceW!ac Hy)KHO H.UTH, TaK ae.ub?
3. Tb1 Be.Uh CKopo aepttelllbCH, .ua?
4. ToM Be.Uh H,UeT .uoMoH, He TaK ;m?
5. TbI He BH,UeJI ,[(xoaH, tteT?
6. CoBhI eMT MbIIlleH, aeptto?
7. Thi 6b1 3TO c.ueJiaJI, ecJIH Mor, He TaK JIM?

06cepBaTOpIDI
3'ra o6cepaaTOp~ 6hrna octtoaatta B 1675 r. Otta mnaatta no pa.Rotty ueHTpaJibHOro JloH,UOHa, r.ue H3HaqaJibHO 6bIJia IlOCTpoeHa. O.uttaKo 113-3a 3arpH3Hettttoro BOJ.uyxa H HpKoro ropo.ucKoro ocaememrn otta 6bma nepeae.uetta B 1950 r. a JaMoK XepcTMOHco B BocTO'IHOM CacceKce. MepH,UHaH, npoxo.uHIUHH
qepe3 3TY o6cepaaTopmo, rrpH3HaH 60JiblllHHCTBOM CTpaH KaK
rnaBHbIH, HJIH HyJieBOH. 3TOT MepH,UHaH CJI)')KHT OCHOBOH MH
TO'!Horo H3MepeHHH apeMeHH B Ben11Ko6p11TaHHH. KaK tta3hI BaeTCH 3Ta o6cepaaTOpHH?

Royal Greenwich Observatory

KopoJieBCKaH fpttHBH'ICKaH o6cepaaTop~

116

On Offer
Lyn:

Shall we buy a couple of smaller suitcases for

the trip ? The ones we have are rather large and
at least 15 years old.
Tom: I suppose we could
do with new cases.
Have you anything
special in mind?
Lyn: Yes, I've always
wanted those o/dfashioned pigskin
cases, and I just
happened to see
them on offer in town.

"/have tried too

in my time to be a philosopher;
but, I don't know how,
cheerfulness was always
breaking in."
Oliver Edwards

Hapacnpo~e
JI~rn:

ToM:
JlHH:

Mo)l(eT 6b1Tb, HaM KYJIHTb AJU1 noe3,n;KH napy lfeMo,n;aHoB

noMeHbllle? Te, lfTO y Hae, ,n;osoJibHO 6oJiblllHe, H HM ~e
no J<paltHeH Mepe 15 JieT.
..sI ,n;yMaIO, MbI MOfJIH 6hI noexaTh c HOBbIMH 'leMo,n;aHaMH.
Tb1 HMeelllb B BHAY lfTO-ro onpe,n;eJieHHoe?
.[(a, MHe BCer,n;a XOTeJIOCb TaKHe CTapOMO,.ll;Hbie lfeMo,n;aHbI
H3 CBHHOH KO)l(H, H OHH KaK pa.3 nonaJIHCb MHe Ha fJla3a
Ha pacnpo,n;axe B ropo,n;e.

suitcase ['sju:tkeis]
large [la:d3]
to suppose [ s~'pouz]
old-fashioned [ould'fref~nd]
pigskin ['pigskin]
on offer [:m ':>fa]

lfeMo,n;aH
60JiblllOH, KPYITHbJJ;i:
npe,n;noJiaraTb
CTapOMO,.ll;HblJ;i:
CBHHaJI KO)l(a
Ha pacnpo,n;axe

..sl TO)l(e B CBOe Bpewi nblTaJICSI 6b1Tb <t>HJioco<t>oM; HO, He 3HaIO ~

KaK, seceJibiit Hpas scer,n;a 6paJI sepx. - 0JIHBep 3,n;sap,n;c
(1711-179 l), H3 )l(}{JHH .[()l(oHcoHa EocpJIJia.

Hc'lnCJU1eML1e u uenc'IHCJU1eML1e c~ecTBHTeJJbHble

M:ClfHCJISJeMble CYlJ1eCTBHTeJibHbie HMeIOT <t>opMy MHO)l(eCTBeHHOro lfHCJia:
boy: one boy, two boys, three boys .. .
egg: one egg, two eggs, three eggs .. .
HeHC'IHCJISJeMb1e CYlJ1eCTBHTeJibHble He 11MeIOT <t>opMbI MHO)l(eCTBettttoro lfHCJia:
weather, knowledge, fun , health
KoJIHlfecrno MHOrHX HeHClfHCJISJeMhIX CY1J1eCTBHTeJibHbIX MO)l(eT
6b1Tb Bb1paxeHo c noMOIUbIO npe,n;sapH10.m ero HX ,n;pyror o CY1J1eCTBHTeJibHoro c npeAJioroM " of'. CY1J1eCTBHTeJihHoe - YKa3aHHe KOJIHlfeCTBa MO)l(eT CTOSITb BO MHO)l(eCTBeHHOM 'IHCJie:
HeHCqHCJIJleMWe

HCqffCJIJleMLle

a kilo of flour
a bottle of water
half a pound of butter
a piece of information
a piece of furniture

flour
water
butter
information
furniture

118

EXERCISE

Singular Nouns
Translate the following sentences into Russian:

1. Good progress has been made so far.

2. He has a good knowledge of the market.
3. This is an interesting piece of news.
4. This news sounds very promising.
5. No evidence was found by the police.
6. The furniture was delivered yesterday.
7. What a fine piece of furniture!
8. Which advice seems sensible?

At the Ferry Port

Lyn and Tom arrive at the ferry port. They haven't
booked a ticket in advance so they join a queue of
about fifty other cars.
Tom and Lyn lock the car
and go to the ticket office.
~
They are told that they
will probably be able to
travel with the next ferry
which will be leaving in
approximately forty-five
minutes.

119

CymecTBHTeJibHble, HMe10UU1e TOJlhKO

4>0PMY e~HCTBCHHOro 'IllCJia

Ilepeeeoume Ha pyccKuu R3blK:

l . )l:o CMX rrop rrpoMCXO.U.IUIM IIOJIO)l(MTeJibHbie M3MeHemrn.

2. Y Hero xopornee 3Ham1e pbIHKa.

3. 3TO MHTepeCHCUI HOBOCTb.
4. 3TM HOBOCTH 3ByqaT BeChMa MHOroo6ema10me.
5. IloJIHI.J;IDI He HallIJia HHKaKHX .U.OKa3aTeJibCTB.
6. Me6eJib 6bma .u.ocrnBJieHa sqepa.

7. KaKM rrpeKpacHCUI Me6eJib! (ooCA. rrpe.u,MeT Me6eJIM)

8. KaKoil: coseT Ka)!(eTcH pa3}'MHbIM?
.------- - - - YfOJIOK 3KCITEPTA -----~
"Bungy jumping" - BM cnopTa, CTaHOBHUJ;MHCH BCe 6oJiee
rrorryAApHbIM B AscTpaJIMH H Hosoi!: 3eJiaH,ll,MH. YqacTHMKH coseprnaIOT rrphDKOK c MOCTa c npHBH3aHHbIM K I.Il;MKOJIOTKe "bungy" - )l(J)'TOM, COCTOHI.Il;MM M3 MHo:lKeCTBa CBHJaHHbIX BMeCTe pe3HHOBbIX IIOJIOC. IlpH IIpbDKKe IIOJIOChl
pa3MaTbIBaIOTCH, TaK qTo rrpbll'Ylfa oT6paCbIBaeT o6paTHO
rrpMMepHO B MeTpe OT IIOBepXHOCTH BO.U.bl.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

IIapoMuaa npucTaui,
JlHH MToM rrpH6hIBaIOT Ha rrapoMHYJO npwcraHb. OHM He JaKaJhlBaJIH 6MJieTOB 3apattee Ji IIOTOMY BCTIDoT B O'Iepe.U.b, r.u.e yxe CBbIUie IIHTH,ll;eCHTM MailiHH. ToM MJIMH JarrHpaIOT Maumtty H H.u.YT B Kacey. 11M
fOBOPHT, qro OHM, sepOHTHO, CMOiyr OTIIpaBMTbCH CJie.u.yIOw;MM rrapOMOM, KOTOpbIB oT6bmaeT rrpMMepHO qepe3 copoK IIHTb MMffYT.

ferry port ['feri p:>:t]

in advance [in ~d'va:ns]
to join [d3:>in]
queue [kju:]
to lock [bk]
approximately [ ~pr:>ksimitli]

rrapOMHCUI rrpMCTaHh
JapaHee
rrpHCOe.U,HHHTbCH
oqepe.u.h
3aIIHpaTh
rrpHMepHo, rrpH6JIH3MTeJihHO,
OKOJIO

120

A Touring Holiday
Lyn and Tom have left Paris and are touring France
with no particular aim. They drive a while until they
reach a town or village,
then get out of the car
and look around. If
there is a nice hotel in
the town, they book in
for the night. The village
they are in at the moment
is so nice and quiet that
they decide to stay there
for a second night.

- - - - - EXERCISE - - - - -

Nouns Used Only in the Plural

Translate the following sentences into English:
1.

M)')KCK<UI o.ue)f()l.a - Ha rrepsoM 3Ta)!(e.

2. 3Ta JieCTHHU:a ,ll;OBOJibHO Kpyr<UI.

3. TsoH JapIIJiaTa ceWlac 6oJibllie (6yKe.:
B npOllIJIOM ro,n:y?

4. Ha.ueHb moKaMY 11 11.llH crraTh.

5. Krn-H116y,n:h Bl1)leJI MOH oqKH?
6. MHe H)')KHhI HO)!(HHU:hl.
7.

Ilonm1a-1Te 3TO IIl1CbMO Ha BeCbI.

121

.11y1me), qeM

OmycK-TYPHe

llirn 11 ToM 110KHttyJIH IlapIDK 11 coseprnalO'f 'fYPHe 110 <l>pamurn 6e3

011pe,ueJieHHOH u.eJIH. OHH e,LcyT Ha Mannrne .no rex 11op, 110.Ka He .noCTHraJOT ropo,na HJIH ,nepeBHH, r.ne OHH BbIXO)JJIT 113 MaIIIHHbl H ocMaTPHBalOT MeCTO. EcJIH B ropo.ne eCTb xopornrui: fOCTHHHll,a, OHH
6pOHHPYJOT HOMep Ha HO'lb. fopo,noK, B KOTOPOM OHH OCTaHOBHJIHCb ce:fftiac, TaKOH MHJibIB H THXHH, 'ITO OHH pelllaJOT OCTaTbCH TaM
Ha BTOPYJO HO'Ib.
to tour [tu~]
particular [p~'tikjufa]

aim [eim]
while [wail]
to reach [ri:tf]
village ['vilid3]

COBeprnaTb 'fYPHe, nyrerneCTBHe

'IaCTHhlH, oco6blH
u.eJib
110Ka, KOr,na; B TO BpeMH KaK
.llOCTHraTb
,nepeBm

Cym.eCTBHTe.JILHwe, HMeIO~e TOJILKO clOPMY

MHOlKCCTBeHHOfO 1111CJia

JiepeeeiJume CJ1ei)y10~ue npeiJA0:>1eeHUJ1 Ha aH211uucKuu R3bllC:

1. Men's clothes are on the first floor.

2. These stairs are rather steep.
3. Are your wages better now than.last year?
4. Put your pyjamas on and go to bed.
5. Has anybody seen my glasses?
6. I need the scissors.
7. Put this letter on the scales.
. . . . . - - - - - - YTOJIOK 3KCilEPTA - - - - - - - ,

A Busman's Holiday
EcJIH B AHrnHH KTO-TO roBopHT: "I'm going on a busman's
holiday"' 3TO 3Ha'IHT, 'ITO OH 11poBe,lleT CBOH OTnyCK, BbIIlOJIHj)j) o6bI'IHYJO pa6ory.

122

"Education is an admirable thing,

but it is well to remember
from time to time
that nothing that is worth knowing
can be taught."
Oscar Wilde

In the Duty Free Shop

Lyn:
Tom:

Lyn:

Tom:

What shall we buy in the duty free shop?

We've bought so many things to take back
that we don't
really need
anything else.
!'I/just see if
there's any
perfume that
I would like.
While you're in
there, see if they
have any aftershave for me.

123

06pa:30BaHHe - BOCXHTHTeJibHruI Bell.(b, HO xopowo 6hJ BpeMR OT

speMeHH BCTIOMHHaTb, qTO HH':leMY H3 Toro, qro CTOHT 3HaTb, HeJib3H HayqHTh. - OcKap Ya:H.rn.,n (1854-1900), nHcaTeJih H 3CTeT, ypo)l(eHeu 11pnatmHH

0Mo<i>OHbl
3To CJIOBa, KOTOpble O):(HHaKOBO 3ByqaT, HO HMelOT COBepllleHHO pa3JIHqHoe JHaqeHHe H HarmcaHHe:
write/right
two/too
their/there
byjbuyjbye

nHCaTb/npaBblH' npaBHJibHblH
.nBa/rnK)l(e
HX/TaM
~ npH,OKOJIO, nocpe.ncTBOM/
IlOKYTiaTb/.ll.0 CBH.ll.aHHH, noKa
BCTPeqaTh/MHco
ero/coKPameHHe OT it is
CblH/COJIHQe

meet/meat
its/it's
son/sun

B Mara3HHe .zu,IOTH-cl>pa
JlHH:
ToM:
JlHH:
ToM:

qTO Mbl KYTIHM B MafaJHHe )l.hlOTH-<l>pH?

MM ~e KYnHJIH CTOJihKO Beme:H, KOTOpb1e BeJeM .noMoH:,
qTo Ha caMOM .nene HaM ~e HH':lero He ~o.
JI TOJibKO IlOCMOTPIO, ecTi. JIH TaM )l.yXH, KOTOpbJe MOfJIH
6bl MHe noHpaBHTbCH.
Kor.na Thi TaM 6y)l.elllh, nocMOTPH, ecTh JIH y HHX )l.Jijl MeHH KaKOH-HH6Y.!lh JIOChOH nocJie 6pHTbH.

duty free ['dju:ti fri:]

to take back [teik brek]
really ['ri~li]
perfume [p~'fju :m]
while [wail]

.!lh10TH->p11, 6ecnOWJIHHHaH
roproBJU:I
Be3TH o6paTHO (ooMoii)
)l.eHCTBHTeJibHO, Ha caMOM .uene

.nyxM
B TO BpeMH KaK; noKa

124

EXERCISE
-ing Forms
Fill in the appropriate -ingforms:
1. The cows are (lie) _ _ _ _ _ in the grass.
2. They're (have)
breakfast.
3. John is (sit)
on the chair.
4. The dog is (run)
after the cat.
5. He's (eat)
a banana.
6. Lyn is (make)
the beds.
7. Peter is (ride)
his new bike.
8. Mrs. Smith is (carry)
two shopping-bags.
9. The cat is (sleep)
in the sun.

Shopping
Sue:
Pete:

Sue:

Would you bring something back/or dinner

tonight from the supermarket?
Something from
the deep-freeze
that can be
warmed up in
the oven?
Yes, I don't have
any time today to
prepare arrything
myself Choose
whatever you
like.
125

BcmaBbme HYJK:HYJO -ing </JopMy:

1. The cows are lying in the grass.
2. They' re having breakfast.
3. John is sitting on the chair.
4. The dog is running after the cat.
5. He's eating a banana.
6. Lyn is making the beds.
7. Peter is riding his new bike.
8. Mrs. Smith is carrying two shopping-bags.
9. The cat is sleeping in the sun.
1. KopoBbI Jie.lKaT Ha ypaBe.
2. OHM ceHtiac J<rnypaKaJOT.
3. ,[(.ll<oH CHJl.HT Ha CyYJie.
4. Co6aKa 6e.lKHT Ja KOlllKOi-t.
5. Ott ecT 6attaH.
6. JlHH CTeJIHT nocreJIH.
7. IlHTep KaTaeTCH Ha CBOeM HOBOM BeJIOCHne.ne.
8. MHCCHC CMHT HeceT .nBe CYMKH c nOKYfiKaMH.
9. KolllKa cnHT Ha coJIHbilllKe.

3a DOK)'DKaMH

Cb10:
IlHT:
Chio:

Tb1 MO.lKelllb cero.nHH KYfiHTb qyo-HM6y.nh Ha Y.lKffH B cynepMapKeTe?

qTO-HM6y.nh 3aMOpO.lKeHHoe, qyo MO)l(HO pa3orpeTb B.nyXOBKe?
LJ;a, y MeHH cero.nHH HeT BpeMeHH caMOH roTOBHTb. Bhl6epH, qyo Te6e HpaBHTCH.

dinner ['din~]

tonight [t~'nait]
deep-freeze [.di:p'fri:z]
to warm up [wo:m AP]
oven ['ovn]
to prepare [pri'pe~]
to choose [tfu:z]

o6e.n; no3)lHHH attrnliHcKHif

o6e.n/Y.lKHH ( Y.lKffH no BpeMem1, 06e.n no COCTaBy H KOJIHqecrny 6J110.n)
cero)lHH Be1.JepoM
rny60KaH 3aMOp03Ka
paJorpeBaTb
neqh;.nyxoBKa
fOTOBHTb
BbI6HpaTb

126

An American Polidcian
This politician was born in Milton, Massachusetts, in
1924. He studied economics at Yale University in
New Haven. For some time he worked in the oil
industry in Texas. From 1970 to 1972 he was a UNO
representative. In 1981, he became vice-president of
the USA. In 1988, this Republican finally succeeded
Ronald Reagan as president.

With this information in mind, it should be easy

to guess his name.

uJoumalists say
a thing that they know isn't true,
in the hope that
if they keep on saying it long enough
it will be true.,,
Arnold Bennett

AMepHKaecKHii noJIHTHK
3-rOT no.111ITHKpo.lUUICH B 1924 r. B MHJITotte (Maccaqycen:). Ott H3Y'IaJI 3KOHOMHKY B :A:eJibCKOM yttHBepcHTeTe B Hb10-X3aette. HeKoTopoe BpeMH OH pa60TaJI B He$rnHOH npOMbIUIJieHHOCTH Texaca.
C 1970 no 1972 r. OH 6bIJI npe.u.crnBHTeJieM CIIIAa OOH. B 1981 r.
OH CTaJI BHI.(e-npe3H.U,eHTOM CIIIA. B 1988 r. 3TOT pecny6JIHKaHeu
B HTOre cTan npeeMHHKOM Pottanh.u.a PeiITatta Ha noczy npe3H.U,eHTa. 3HaH 3TO, JierKO yra.U,aTb ero HMH.

George Bush
,UxopJ.OK Byrn (crnpurn.H)

)KypHaJIHCThl fOBOpHT 3aBe.U,OMYJO Henpaa.u.y B Ha.U,e)l(,!J.e Ha TO, 'ITO

OT .ll,OCTaTO'IHO .ll,OJiroro ITOBTOpeHHH Otta cmaHem npaB.U,OH. -ApHOJlh.ll, :OettHeTT (1867-1931), aHfJIHHCKHH ITHCaTeJih, " The litle"

Simple Past u Present Perfect

Simple Past BhipaxaeT .u.eikTBtte,' KOTopoe npott30lllJIO H 3aaepumJIOCh B onpe.u.eJieHHhlli MOMeHT BpeMeIDI HJIH B onpe.u.eJieHHblH nepwo.u. apeMeHH B npolllJloM:
In 1066, the Normans invaded England. I visited New York ten years
ago.
Present Pelfect onwchrnaeT .u.eH.cTBwe, Ha<Iaroe B rrpolllJIOM 11 eme He
3aBeprnettttoe, HJIH Tectto CBH3attttoe c ttacTO.silllHM. B rrpe.urro)!(emm ero qacTo conpoao)l()J.aIOT YKa3aHHH Ha apeMH - just, lately, recently, HJIH )!(e since (o6o3Ha'IaeT MOMeHT apeMett11) wfor (o6o3tta'IaeT OTPe3oK apeMeHH).

I've just left school. We have lived in London since 1980. We have lived
there for ten years.
128

123
EXERCISE
Prepositions

Fill in the correct prepositions (after, for, at, across,

above, into):
1. Peter is standing _____ the bus stop.
2. He's waiting
the bus.
3. Mr Smith is running _____ the bus.
4. A dog is running
the street.
5. The plane is flying
the clouds.
6. The ship is sailing
the harbour.

Dancing Lessons
Tom and Lyn used to go dancing regularly, but in the
last few years they were glad just to be able to relax in
the evenings. However,
an advertisement in the
newspaper for a new
dancing school made
them think about talcing
lessons again. They went
along to the dancing
school and were so impressed that they signed

up for a ballroom dancing course.

5 - AHrm1i1cKa5! rpaMMantKa wyrn

129

Ilpe.zvrom
Bcma6bme HYJICHble npeoJZocu (after, for, at, across, above, into):
l. Peter is standing at the bus stop.
2. He's waiting for the bus.
3. Mr Smith is running after the bus.
4. A dog is running across the street.
5. The plane is flying above the clouds.
6. The ship is sailing into the harbour.
I. IlMTep CTOMT Ha aBT06ycHOH OCTaHOBKe.
2. Ott )l()J,eT aBT06yc.
3. M-p CMMT 6e)l(MT 3a aBTo6ycoM.
4. Co6aKa nepe6eraeT ynm.1,y.
5. CaMoJieT neTMT Ha,.u 06naKaM11.
6. Kopa6Jih axon.MT B raBaHh.

Ypmrn Tauu,es
TOM Mn11H npe)l()J,e peryJIBpHO XO,ll.MJIM Ha TaHI.J,bl, HOB rrocnen.HMe
HeCKOJibKO JieT OHM 6bIJIH pa,.ubI B03M0)1(}{0CTH npOCTO OT,ll.OXH}'Tb
no Be'!epaM. 0)1.HaKO o6bHBJieHMe B ra31(Te 0 HOBOH IllKOJie TaHUeB
HaBeJIO MX Ha MbICJib CHOBa 6paTb ypoKM. OHM rrpHI.IIJIM BIIIKOJIY TaHIJ,eB MTaK BOO)J.yllleBMJIMCh, 'ITO 3aITMCaJIMCb Ha KYPChI 6aJibHbIX TaHueB.
regularly ['regjulali]
advertisement [ad'va:tismant]
to be impressed [im'prest]
to sign up for sth [sain]
course [b:s]
ballroom dancing
['b:J:lrum 'da:nsil)]

peryJIBpHO
o6bHBJiettwe, peKJiaMa B ra3eTe
BITelJaTJIHTbCH, BOO)J.yllleBHTbCH
3aITHCaTbC51
KYPC(bI)
6ant>Hhie TaHUbl

130

125
EXERCISE
Simple Past or Present Perfect
Fill in the co"ectform:

1. Two cargo planes (to be)

damaged at
Heathrow airport yesterday.
2. Last week John (to hit)
a pedestrian
with his car.
3. Both (to be)
injured.
4. Since then John always
(to put on) his
safety belt.
5. My sister (to move)
to Newcastle in 1978.
6. So she (to live)
in Newcastle for some
years.

126
Minigolf
Linda: Shall we play minigolftomorrow? I haven't
played in ages.
Do you mean the
course in the park?
That has some
interesting holes.
Linda: Last time you
played there you
had about twenty
shots at one of the
holes and still
didn't get the ball
in. Do you remember?

Sue:

131

Bcmabme HYJK:HYIO </JopMy 211a20Aa:

l . Two cargo planes were damaged at Heathrow airport yesterday. )lsa

rpy30BbIX caMoJieTa IlOJIY':llUIH B'Iepa seqepoM nospe)l(JleHIDI B a3porropry X1npoy.
2. Last week John hit a pedestrian with his car. Ha npoillJIOH He.nene ,[QK.oH Ha csoeii MarnHHe coseprnJUI Hae3.n Ha nernexo.na.
3. Both were injured. 06a rrocTpa.nanH.
4. Since then John has always put on his safety belt. Tiocne 3TOro ,[QK.oH
acer.na npHcTernsaeT peMeHb 6eJonacHocTH.
5. My sister moved to Newcastle in 1978. Mm1 ceCTpa nepexana B Hh10Kacn B 1978 r.
6. So she has lived in Newcastle for some years. TaKHM o6paJOM, OHa
)l(HBeT B H bIOKacne }')Ke HeCKOJibKO neT.

MHHu-roJibCI>
Jlmma:
Cb10:
JI11tt.na:

Cb1rpaeM JasTpa s MHH11-ronb<P? JI He Hrpana y:>Ke ueJIYIO

BelJHOCTb.
Tb! HMeernb B BH.!lY IlllOW:a,!lKy B napKe? TaM ecTb HHTepecHbie JiyHKH.
nocne.nmru pa3, Kor.na TbI taM 11rpana, Thi c.nenana 'fYTb
JIH He .nsa.nuaTb y.napos no o.nHoii JIYHKe H Bee pasHo He
nonana. TioMHHWb?

in ages [in 'eid3is]

course [k:>:s]
hole [houl]
shot [f:)t]
to remember [ ri'memb::i]

ueJIYIO Be'IHOCTb
IlJI0 W:a,!lKa

JIYHKa
y.nap
JTOMHHTb

132

"Reading is sometimes
an ingenious device for
avoiding thought."
Sir Arthur Helps

In a Cafe
Sue:
Pete:

Sue:

Pete:

It's nice to sit here outside the cafe and watch

the people going past.
Watching other
people is always
interesting.
Look, there's the
waiter. Can you
catch his attention? I would like
another cup of
coffee.
I'll try, but he
looks very busy.

133

M1mr.ua 'fremle - opMTHHaJibHhrn npHeM yinunmaHIDJ. OT MhIClleH. C3p AP1YP XeJinc (1813- 1875), UHTaTa H3 " Friends in Council"

fep~ B Ka11eCTBe npSIMOfO ,ll;ODOJIHeHHJI

npH maroJiax

to enjoy, to finish, to like,

to love, to hate, to prefer, to stop, to mind, can't help, to practise 11 T.)l,.

Ilocne tteKOTOpbIX rnaronoB, HanpHMep:

B Ka<iecrne npsworo )l.OnoJIHeHHH tteo6xo,!l;i.fM repytt)l,HH.

Hanp11Mep: Sue enjoys reading novels.
fepytt)l,HH MO)l(eT TaK)l(e ynO'rpe6JIS!TbCS! KaK npe)l,HKaTHBHOe )l,OnOJIHeHHe nocne rnarona to be, oco6eHHO B ycTOH'IHBbIX colleTaHlffiX

to be busy H to be worthwhile.
Hanp11Mep: I'm busy studying.

ChJO:

fl HT:
CbJO:
IlHT:

Q qeHb npHS!THO cH)l,eTb 3)],ecb Ha ao3.nyxe H cMoTpeTb Ha

npoXO)l(HX.
CMOTpeTb Ha JIIO)l,eH BCer.na HH\epeCHO.
CMOTpH, BOH O<PHUHaHT. TbI MO)l(elllb ero no)l.03BaTb? Mtte
xolleTcSI em e qallJellKY Koe.
Ilorrpo6YJO, HO OH, K8.)l(eTCS! , OlleHb 38.JrnT.

cafe ['krefei]
outside [aut'said]
waiter ['weit:)]
to catch s.o.'s attention
[kretJ] [:)'tenJ:)n]
cup of coffee [kAp] ['bfi]
busy ['bizi]

Ka<t>e
CHap}')l(H
0im11aHT
npirnne<tb <the-JI. BHHMaHHe
llalllKa KO<t>e
3aHSITbIH

134

129
EXERCISE

Fill in the Correct Words

(to read, to wait, to travel, to study, to type, to switch off,
to drive, to buy)

1.
this car is very easy.
2. It's worthwhile
a foreign language.
3.
is most interesting for people with
plenty of time and money.
4.
in queues is annoying.
5. It's no use
second-hand cars.
6. My favourite occupation is _ _ _ __
7. Would you mind
the radio?
8. The secretary finished _ _ _ __

130
Fishing
Pete:
Sue:
Pete:
Sue:

When shall we go fishing again?

I would like to go out to sea in a boat and try
sea-fishing for a change.
The only trouble is to find someone w,ith a boat.
I'm sure that problem could be
solved.
There are always fishermen who are _
~
willing to
;--_; _ _. .
take. a few '.?~ ....0.
~i.:.....1..;..:,
tourists out. ~
~ ~ .,.
0

135

"'.

Bcras&Te lfY)KllOe CJioeo:

1. Driving this car is veiy easy. - BecTH 3TY Maunrny o'leHh nerKo.

2. It's worthwhile studying a foreign language. - Ilone3HO yqmh HHOcTpaHHblH 513hIK.

3. Travelling is most interesting for people with plenty oftime and money. - IlyreweCTBIDI HHTepecttee scero .llJUl mo.neH:, y KOTOpbIX MHOro .neHer H speMeHH.
4. W..iting in queues is annoying. - CKY'IHO )l(.llaTh a oqepe.nH.
5. It's no use buying second-hand cars. - HeT CMhJCJia noKYfiaTh no.nep)l(aHHbie MaumHb1.
6. My favourite occupation is reading. - Moe mo611Moe 3aH51THe 'lTeHHe.
7. Would you mind switching the radio oft'? - Tb! He Mor 6br BbIKJIIO'lHTh pa.n.110?
8. The secretaiy finished typing. - CeKpeTapwa KOH'lH.Jla ne'laTaTb.

IlHT:
Cb!O:
IlHT:
Cb!O:

Kor.na Mb! CHOBa noH.neM Ha pbI6aJIKY?

Mtte 6br xoTenocb BhIHTH a Mope Ha no.nKe 11 .llJUl pa3HOo6pa3HH nonpo6osaTb MOPCKYIO pbI6aJIKY.
E.zurncTBeHHCUI rrpo6JieMa - HaHTH KOfO-TO, y KOfO eCTb
JIO,llKa.
51 ysepetta, 'ITO ny rrpo6JieM)' MO)l(HO peIJIHTb. TaM scer.na ecTb pb16am, KOTOpbre 3axornT B351Th c co6on rrapy
TYPHCTOB.

to go out to sea [si:]

trouble ['trAbl]
to solve a problem
[s:>lv] ['pr:>bl~m]
fisherman ['fif~m~n]

few [fju:]
tourist ['tu~rist]

BbIXO.UHTb B Mope
TpY.llHOCTb, rrpo6JieMa
pewaTb npo6neM)'
pbI6aK
HeCKOJlbKO,napa
TYPHCT

136

131
T. V.
Sue: Is there anything worth watching on TV. ?
Pete: Not much. There are a few reports and a.film
froml942.
Sue: The.film might
be quite good.
These old
films are often ' ,~
funny even
\;_ / ~

fl

though they

were never
,, .
'- ~
meant to be,
when they
were produced.

~;;;;_,

EXERCISE
"Some" and "any"
Fill in the correct word:

1. I haven't got _ _ money.

2. There are _ _ flowers in the vase.
3. There isn't _ _ lemonade left.
4. I need _ _ coloured pencils,
but I can't find - -
5. On this farm, there aren't _ _ horses,
but the farmer keeps _ _ ponies.
137

TeJ1eeu1op
Chio:
TI1n:
CbJO:

EcTb ':ITO-HM6y,a:h CToHmee no TeJieBM3opy?

He Mttoro. HecKOJihKO penopTa)l(ett McPHJihM 1942 r.
<l>MJihM ,a:oJI)l(eH 6hITh xopolllliM. 3rn cTaphie cPMJihMhI ':laCTO 6bIBalOT 3a6aBHbIMl1, ,Ua)l(e eCJIH K3TOM)' He CTPeMHJIHCh, KOr,ua HX CHHMaJIH.

worth doing [w;:i:8]

few [fju:]

report [ri'p::i:t]
even though ['i:v;:in oou]
to be meant to be [ment]
to produce [pr;:i'dju:s]

.uocTOHHhIH KaKHX-JI. ycHJIHH

HeCKOJlbKO
coo6rn;eHMe, penopTa)I(
,a:a)l(e ec1rn
6bITb 3M}'MaHHbIM KaK ':ITO-JI.,
HMeTbC51 B BH.a:Y
npOM3BO.Ul1Tb, ,UeJiaTb

132
Some u any
B cma6bme HYJICHOe CA060:

l . I haven't got any money. - Y MeH51 HeT ,a:eHer:

2. There are some flowers in the vase. - B sa3e CTOHT useThJ.
3. There isn't any lemonade left. - 3.uecb 6oJibWe He ocTanocb mtMoHa.ua.
4. I need some coloured pencils, but I can't find any. - MHe H~
HbI UBeTHhie KapaH.a:anrn, HO 51 He Mory l1X Hai1n1..
5. On this farm, there aren't any horse~, but the farmer keeps some
ponies. - Ha 3Toi1 cl>epMe HeT Jiowa.uei1, HO cl>epMep .a:ep)l(MT noHM.

~-----

YfOJIOK 3KCTIEPTA -----~

YcToirluBbie BblpaJKeHIDI c maroJIOM bark ( JiaHTb)
to bark up the wrong tree
- H.a:TH no JIO)l(HOM)' cJie.uy;
o6pyillMTbC51 He Ha TO
(He Ha rnro)
his bark is worse than his bite - ott 6oJibllle JiaeT,
':leM KYCaeT

138

EXERCISE

Make up sentences using the gerund:

John

to enjoy
to be good at
to be interested in
to be busy
to hate
to look forward to
to be used to
to prefer
to be fed up with
to keep on

to sleep late on Sunday

to play table tennis
to cook
to write a letter
to study
to go to the movies
to work hard
to watch TV
to listen to the radio
to eat all the time

Holiday Plan
Sue:
Pete:

Sue:

139

CocTaBbTe npe,zi110)KeHHJ1 c repYff)UleM:

1. John enjoys sleeping late on Sunday. - ~OH mo6HT nocnaTb no
BOCKpeceHbHM.
.
2. John is good at playing table tennis. - ~OH xopowo HrpaeT
B HaCTOJlbHbrn TeHHHC.
3. John is interested in cooking. - ~OHY HHTepeCHO fOTOBHTh.
4. John is busy writing a letter. - ~OH Jailll.T nHcamteM nHChMa.
5. John hates studying. - ~OH TepneTh He MO)!(eT yqe6y.
6. John looks forward to going to the movies. - ~OH npe.llBKyu.iaeT IlOXO.ll B KHHO.
7. John is used to working hard. -~OH npHBhIKHanpIDKeHHO pa6oTaTh.
8. John prefers watching TV. - ~OH npe.llOO'IHTaeT CMOTPeTh TeJieB11Jop.
9. John is fed up with listening to the radio. - ~OHY HMOeJio cnywaTb PMHO.
10. John keeps on eating all the time. - ~OH BCe BpeM.R eCT.

134
fpacl>HK OTnyCKOB
ChJO:
IlHT:
CbJO:

Teneph, KOr.lla MhI JHaeM .llaTY Hawero OTnycKa, HMO 6b1

MHe JaOHCaTbCH Brpact>HK OTnyCKOB Ha pa6oTe.
A MHe BeJeT. Ham oct>wc JaJ<ph!BaeTCH Ha TPH He.lleJIH KaK
paJ TOr.lla, Kor.ua MhI e.lleM.

HaBepHoe, MHe npH.lleTcH BJHTh OTnyCK Ja CBOH C'leT, noTOMY 'ITO y MeHH He OCTaJIOCh CTOJihKO .llHeH.

date [deit]
to put one's name down
to be lucky ['W<i]
office [';,fis]
to close [klouz]
unpaid [,An'peid]

.llaTa
Jan11caThCH
HMeTh BeJeHHe, Y.llal!y
oct>wc
JaKphlBaThCH
HeOOJial!eHHbill; Ja CBOH C'leT

140

135
EXERCISE

Prepositions
Insert suitable prepositions in the following sentences:
1. This is contrary
the law.
2. It is connected
the Labour Party.
3. I made no comment
the situation.
4. His views
religion are sound.
5.
there, we shall have a lovely view
_ _ _ the river.

6. He specializes _ _ _ South American stamps.

Garden Work
Now that the weather is beginning to get better Tom
realizes that he will have to do some work in the
garden. The sun seems
to make the weeds grow
faster than any of the
flowers. Tom is not a
very fussy gardener
and doesn't mind a few
:;.~ ,.A'
weeds, but this year
they are threatening to
take over the whole
garden and patio.

.::"~~

141

135
IIpeAJiom
1. This is contrary to the law.

2. It is connected with the Labour Party.

3. I made no comment on the situation.
4. His views on religion are sound.
5. From there, we shall have a lovely view over the river.
6. He specializes in South American stamps.

I. 3TO rrponrno3aKOHHO.
2. 3TO CBH3aHO c Jie:H6opHCTCKOH rrapnteit
3. 51 He KOMMeHTl1POBaJI C11Tyaumo.
4. Ero B3rJIHJlhI Ha peJI11rmo pa3YMHbI.
5. 0TCI01la y Hae 6y,neT OTJil1'!HbIH BH)J, Ha peicy.

6. OH cneuwanttcT no JO)KJ-IOaMep11KaHCKHM MapKaM.

136
Pa6oTa B ca;zy
Tenepb, Kor,na noron a Ha'lliHaeTyJIY'lll.laTbCH, ToM s11.n11T, qTo eMy
H~O C,UeJiaTb KOe-KaKYJO p a6ory B cany. KIDKeTCH, OT COJIHUa
copHHKH pacTyr 6bICTpee useTOB. ToM He CJIHWKOM ycep,nHhIH
ca.noso.u, He60JiblllOe KOJIWieCTBO copHHKOB ero He 6ecrrOKOl1T,
HO B 3TOM ro.uy OHH yrpO)l(aJOT 3ai{BaTl1Tb Beeb ca.n 11 BHyrpeHHHH )J.BOPHK.

to realize ['ri~laiz]
weed [wi:d]
to grow [grou]
fussy ['fAsi]
to mind [maind]
to threaten ['8retn]
patio ['pretiou]

IlOHHMaTb
COpHHK
paCTH
cyeTJIHBbIM; np1rnepe)1Jll1BbIM;
3iJ. ycep,nHblH
B03pmKaTh
rpo3HTb, yrpo)l(aTb
BHYTPeHHHH ,llBop11K; naT110

142

At the Butcher's
Good morning! I would like a nice large piece
of beeffor roasting.
Butcher: Certainly. How
about this piece?
Loma: Perhaps just a bit
more. We have
an American
guest with us,
and /want to
cook a traditional roast
beefwith all the
trimmings.

Loma:

138
EXERCISE

Active - Passive
Change the following sentences from the active into
the passive voice:
Mr. Miller cut the grass and watered the flowers.
Jane Austen wrote Pride and Prejudice.
Mrs. Smith will invite the whole neighbourhood for a
garden party.
The plane will take us directly to the holiday island.
They built the garage within a week.

143

B MJICHOH JiaBKe
JlopHa:

)J,o6poe yrpo! JI xoTena 6w xopom.11Ji 60JihWOH KyCOK roBRUHHhI )lJUI )l(apKoro.

MsicHHK: KoHe'lHO. KaK Hac'leT 3Toro KyCKa?
JlopHa: Ilo)l(aJiyH, 'lYfO'lKy no6onhwe. Y Hae rocTb H3 AMepHKH,
H JI xoqy np.11rOToBHTh TPa.LlHUHOHHhiii pocT6.11<l> co BceMH np.11IIpaBaM.11, KaK noJio)l(eHo.
butcher ['butf~]
piece [pi:s]
beef [bi:f]
to roast [roust]
certainly ['s~:tnli]
how about ... ? [hau ~'baut]
perhaps [p~'h<eps]
traditional [tr~'dif~nl]
trimming ['trimilJ)

MJICHHK
KyCOK
fOBMHHa
)((apHTb
KOHe'lHO
KaK HaC'leT... ?
BepOSITHO, IlO)l(aJIYH
TPa.LlHU:HOHHbIH
npHnpaBa, rapttHp

Active - Passive
llpeo6pa3yume 01cmueHy10 <jJopMy 6 naccueHy10:

The grass was cut and the flowers were watered (by Mr. Miller). Pride
and Prejudice was written by Jane Austen. The whole neighbourhood
will be invited for a garden party by Mrs. Smith. We will be taken directly to the holiday island by the plane. The garage was built within a week.
TpaBy BbIKOCHJIH, UBeThI non.11JI.11. PoMaH fop.nocTb H rrpe.uy6e)((.nettHe ttan11caH )J,)l(eHH OcTHH. Bee coce.nH 6y.nyr np11rnamettb1
K MHCCHC CMHT Ha Be'lepHHKy Bca.uy. CaMOJieT .nocTaBHT Hae npJIMO Ha OCTPOB, r.ue Mbl npoBe,UeM OTDyCK. fapa)I( 6bIJI IlOCTPOeH Bre'leHHe He.nenH.

144

An Appointment at the Hairdresser's

Could I possibly have an appointment this
week for a perm?
We are quite
Hairdresser: busy, but I'll see
if we can fit you
in. Yes, Wednesday morning at
ten o'clock we
could manage it.
Loma: Wednesday is
fine with me, I
will be there
towards ten.
Loma:

EXERCISE

"some" or "any"
Use 'some' or 'any' to replace 'much : 'many' or 'a lot of:
1. Many people go to pubs regularly.
2. Do you know if he drinks much beer?
3. Are there many customers at the bar yet?
4. Please give me a lot of butter with my roll.
5. I am afraid there is not much left.
6. I have seen many of your friends in that pub.
7. We had a lot offun playing darts last night.
8. He has not much money left after losing at darts.

145

3annch K napnKMaxepy
JlopHa:
51Morna6bI Ha 3TOH He.Ilene JaJIHCaTbCSI Ha XHMHJO?
OapHKMaxep: MbI ,llOSOJibHO-TaKH 3aHSl.TbI, HO SI. IIOCMOTPIO, CMO)!(eM JIH MbI sac Icy,lla-HH6Y.llb rrpHCTPOHTb. ,Ua, s cpe.llY s .uecsiTb YTPa y Hae 6bI IIOJIY'IHJIOCb.
Jloptta:
B cpeJlY Mtte oqetth y,llo6Ho, si. 6yJlY y sac OKOJIO
,lleCSl.TH.
appointment [a'p:>intmant]

HaJHaqeHHbIH cpoK, npHeM

(y Bpaita u m.n .)

possibly ['p:>sibli]
perm [pa:m]
busy ['bizi]
to fit s.o. in [fit]
towards [ta'w:>:dz]

sepOSl.THO, B03MO)!(H0
rrepMaHeHT, XHMHY:eCKaSI.
3aSHSKa
3aHSl.TbIB
Ha3HaqHTb (Ha npueM);
SKJJIOqHTb (8 cnucoK)
OKOJIO

Some HJIH any

3aMeHume much,

many UJIU a lot Ha some UJ1u any:

1. Some people go to pubs regularly.

2. Do you know if he drinks any beer?

3. Are there any customers at the bar yet?
4. Please give me some butter with my roll.
5. I am afraid there isn't any left. ;
6. I have seen some of your friends in that pub.
7. We had some fun playing darts last night.
8. He has not any money left after losing at darts.
1. HeKoTopbie JJIO.llH perynsiptto XO.llSl.T s IIHBHbre 6apb1.
2. Tb! He 3Haelllh, OH IIbeT rrnso?
3. B 6ape eme ecTb noceTHTeJIH?
4. fJO)!(anyHCTa, ,llaH MHe MaCJJa ,llJl5I 6ynoqKH,
5. DOIOCb, TaM y)!(e He OCTaJIOCb.
6. 51 BH,lleJI HeKOTOpblX TSOHX ,llpy3eH s 3TOM rra6e.
7. Bqepa sey:epoM MbI tteIIJioxo pa3BJJeKJJHCb wrpoH: B,llapTc.
8. y Hero 60JibWe HeT ,lleHer IIOCJJe npoHrpbIWa B,llapTC.

146

At the Hairdresser's
Loma:

My hair looks te"ible at the moment.

After we have finished with you, you won't
dresser: recognize yourself.
~
Loma: I don't want
',,
~
anything too
~~ ~ir
outrageous,
just a normal perm.
HairPerhaps you
dresser: will find a
hair style that
you would like
in our book.

Hair-

142

"Beauty in things
exists in the mind which
contemplates them."
David Hume

B napHICMaxepcKoif
JlopHa:
MoH BOJIOCbI ceif.qac J')KaCHO BhlfJUI.!UIT.
IlapMKMaxep: Kor.na JaKOH'lHM, Bbl caMH cefoi: He yJHaeTe.
JI op Ha:
51 He XO'IY HH'lero CJIHIIIKOM }')(( Bbl3bIBaJOmero, npoCTO 06bJ'IHYJO XHMHJO.
Ilap11KMaxep: Mo:lKeT 6bITb, Bbl B Harne KHHre ttaH.neTe npH'leCKY,
KOTOpa51 BaM nottpaBHTCSI.
terrible ['ter;lbf]
at the moment ['moum;lnt]
to recognize ['rekagnaiz]
outrageous [ aut'reid3as]
hair style [hca stail]

j')KaCHhIH
B .naHHh1H MOMeHT, B HaCTOSIW:ee
BpeMSI, cel11iac
yJHaBaTb
Bbl3bIBaIO W:HH
npH'lecKa

KpacoTa sew:e CYlllecrnyeT B YMe, KOTOpbIH HX coJepuaeT. - ,U3BH.ll IOM ( 1711-1776), IIIOTJiatt.ncKRH cj)HJioco<P

IIpu11acTHble KOHCTPYimmt
IlpH'laCTJ.ie MO:lKeT HCilOJih30BaThCSI KaK cpe.ncrno COKPameHIDJ npe.nJIO:lKeHHSI. HanpHMep:
a) OTHOCHTeJibHbie npeMo:lKemrn (relative clauses)

The day before he'd received a letter which was written by Anne.
The day before he'd received a letter written by Anne.
6) npeMO:lKeHHSI speMeHH (adverbial clauses of time)

When he recognized Anne, David waved his hand.

Recognizing Anne David waved his hand.
148

143
EXERCISE

Translation
Translate the following sentences, using the passive voice:
1.

TioCJiaJlll 3a ).l,OKTOpOM.

2. MaJih'IHKH ycTaHOBHJIH nanaTKH.

3. Be'IHasI eMY naWITh!
4. B HacTm1mee speM.51 CTPOHTcsi HOBasi: )KeJie3HO).l.opo)KHasi: JIHHHSI.

5. JiyqrneMy HfPOKy B ).l,aPTC npe).l,Ha3Ha'IaJICSI Ky60K.

6. )lO)K).1,h He MOf nonaCTh BHyTph,

TaK KaK OKHO 6hIJIO

3aKphlTO.

Friends from University

When Tom was at university, he had many foreign
students as friends. He has kept in touch with a few
of them who have returned
to their native countries.
Tom and Lyn have even
visited an Italian friend
who returned to Italy where
he now works as a doctor
in a hospital. However,
many of the friendships
are limited to one or two
letters a year.

149

Ilepeeo.n;
llepeeeoume Ha aHZ!luucKuu Jt3blK, ucnoAb3Y.R naccueHblU 3aJ102:

l. The doctor was sent for.

2. The tents were pitched by the boys.
3. May he be remembered for ever.
4. A new railway-line is being built.
5. A cup was offered for the best darts player.
6. No rain could come in, since the window was shut .

. . - - - - - - - - - M5I 3HATOKOB
this day week
this day last week
for a fortnight
the day before yesterday
the day after tomorrow

------~

Keep in Mind:
qepe3 He)J;emo
HeJJ:emo Ha3M
(cpOKOM) )];Be He)J;emt:
no3aB'lepa
TIOCJie3aBT{>a

YHueepcuTeTCKHe ,zi;py3h.H
Kor)J;a ToM yqKncsr ByHKBepcKTeTe, y Hero 6bIJIO Mttoro JJ:py3eti cpeJJ:K JIHOCT{>aHHbIX cry)J;eHTOB. OH TIOMep)IQ{BaeT OTHOllleHHSl c HeKOTOpblMJI Jl3 Tex, KTO BepttyJICSl K ce6e Ha po)J;Htty. TOM JI JIHH )J;a)l(e HaBeCTHJIH O)J;HOfO HTil.llhllHCKOfO )J;pyra, KOTOpbrn BepHYJIC.H B11mmno JI pa6oTaeT TaM Bpa'IOM B 60JibHHI.J,e. 0)J;HaKO MHorne H3 3THX
JJ:py)l(eCKHX KOHTaKTOB CBO)J;.HTC.H KO)J;HOMY HJilt: JJ:BYM ITHCbMaM BfO)J;.
university [ju:ni'v;}:siti]
foreign ['farin]
native ['neitiv]
to keep in touch with s.o.
to return [ri't;}:n]
home country [houm 'kAntri]
limited ['limitid]

yttJIBepcHTeT
JIHOCT{>aHHbIH
POJJ:HOH (o cmpaHe)
TIOMep)l(Jt:BaTb OTHOllleHH.H
C KeM-JI.
B03Bpall.l,aTbC.H
poJJ:Ha.HCT{>aHa, poaJ1Ha
orpaHJl'leHHbIH

150

145
A Burglary in the Neighbourhood
There was a burglary in the street where the Millers
live. It happened in broad dayli.ght. The burglars
stole some jewellery and
a portable television.
Fortunately there was no
cash lying around or that
would surely have been
stolen as well. The people
had a lot of cleaning up to
do though, because the
burglars had emptied all
the drawers onto the floor.

146

uNo government can be long secure

without a formidable opposition."
Benjamin Disraeli

Orpa6JieHHe no coce.LJ.CTBY
Ha ynm~e, r,a:e )!(}IBeT ceMbSI MHJIJiep, rrpoH30lllJIO orpa6neHHe. 3To
CJiyq:HJIOCb npSIMO cpe)],b 6eJia )],HSI. fpa6HTeJIH ytteCJIH J],parou.eHHOCTH H rrepeHOCHOH TeJJeBH30p. Ilo C'!aCTblO, TaM He 6bmo HaJJH'IHblX )],eHer, HHatJe H HX 6bI yKpaJJH. JlIO)],SIM IIPHillJIOCb )],eJiaTb 60JibI..I.IyIO y60pJ<Y, IIOTOMY 'ITO rpa6HTeJJH BblBaJJHJIH COJ],ep)!(}IMOe acex
Bbl)],BIDKHblX ffi.J.JJiKOB Ha IIOJI.
burglary ['b;J:gl;Jri]
neighbourhood ['neib;Jhud]
in broad daylight [br:>:d 'deilait]
jewellery ['d3u:;Jlri]
portable ['p:>:t;Jbl]
cash [krej]
to empty ['empti]
drawer ['dr:>:;J]

orpa6neHHe
COCe)],CTBO; OKpyra
cpe.Ll.b 6ena J1.HSI
J],parou.eHHOCTH, yKparneHIDI
nepeHOCHOH
HaJJH'!Hble )],eHbrH
orrycToUiaTb
Bbl)],BIDKHOH SIII.J,HK
(cmoAa, UJKarjJa)

HH 0)],HO rrpaBHTeJibCTBO He MO)l(eT )],OJJro rrpoJ],ep)l(aTbCSI 6e3 MOII.1,HOH onno311u.11tt. - oeH)],)l(aMMH ):(113pa3JJM ( 1804-1881), 6pMTaHcKHtl: rocyJ],apcrneHHhIHJ],eSITeJJb-TOpH H rrpeMbep-MHHHCTP, U.HTaTa 113 poMaHa KOHHHrc6H

CoqnHHTeJibHhle coI03bI
CoI03bI, CBSI3bIBaIOII.J,He O.Ll.HOPO.Ll.Hbie 'IJieHhI npeJ],JIO)l(eHHSI HJIM caMH npeJ],JIO)l(eHIDI, Ha3bIBaIOTCSI CO'IHHHTeJibHblMH COI03aMH.
a) coe.L1.HHHTeJihHh1e: and, also, too, besides, further, as well as, not
only ... but (also)
6) pa3.L1.eJI11TeJibHh1e: or, nor, either ... or, neither ... nor
B) npoTMBHTeJihHbie: but, however, yet, nevertheless
r) 06ocHOBh1Ba10mHe: for
.LI.) 3aKJI10qa10mHe: so, thus, therefore, consequently

152

Police Enquiries
Policeman:
Lorna:
Policeman:

We are making enquiries in the street about

the burglary yesterday.
Yes, I heard about it, but I haven't
seen anything
suspicious.
Maybe you could
ask in your family whether
anyone has seen
something. I'll
leave my card
with my telephone number.

EXERCISE

Co-ordinating Conjunctions
Fill in the following conjunctions where appropriate
(but, and, either . .. or, for, neither .. . nor, therefore):
John calls a policeman, _ ___ a thief has stolen
his bicycle.
my book _____ yours.
This is
Thick fog surrounded the ship,
David
could see
the coast
the ships.
Mike had just had lunch,
he was still
very hungry.
Lorna had left her purse at home, _ __ __ she
could not do any shopping.
153

IloJiuu,eit:cKoe pacCJie,ll,oeauue
nom1ue:H:c.KH:H:: Mhl Be.neM CJie.D.CTBHe no .neJJy 0 B'lepaurneM orpa6JieHHH.
JlopHa:
)].a, 51 06 3TOM CJibilllaJia, HO He BH.D.eJia HWiero rro.D.03PHTeJihHoro.
IloJIHUeJl:cKH:H:: Bepo51THO, Bbl MOrJIH 6b1 paccrrpocHTb BBallle:H: ceMbe, He BH}leJI JIH KTO qero-HH6y.nh. 51 OCTaBJIIO Bl13HTKY c MOHM HOMepoM TeJie<f:ioHa.
police [pg'li:s]
enquiry [in'kwaigri]
suspicious [sg'spifgs]
whether ['weog]
to leave [li:v]
card [ka:d]

IIOJil1Ul151
paccne.noBaHHe,cne.ncTBHe
no.no3pHTeJibHbIH
JIH
OCTaBJI51Tb
Bl1311THM KapTOlJKa, Bl13HTKa

148
CoquuuTeJILHLie COI03LI
Bcmaebme, 2ae 3mo Heo6xoauMo, CJ1eay10w,ue co103b1:

John calls a policeman, for a thief has stolen his bicycle. This is either my book or yours. Thick fog surrounded the ship, and David could
see neither the coast nor the ships. Mike had just had lunch, but he
was still very hungry. Loma had left her purse at home, therefore she
could not do any shopping.
).l,)KoH 30BeT non11ueiicKoro, TaK KaK Bop YKPaJI ero Benoc1me.n. 3rn
JIH60 M051 KHHra, JIH6o TB051. fycTOH zyMaH OKYTaJI KOpa6Jib, H ).l.3BH.D. He MOf BH.D.eTb HH no6epe)l(b51, HH cy.noB. MaiiK TOJibKO 'ITO noo6e.nan, no 6bIJI Bee eme rono.neH. JlopHa ocTaBl1Jla CBOH KorneneK
.D.OMa H UOTOM)' He Morna c.neJiaTb IIOK)'IIKH.

154

......__,............,.,~---- 49
Building Societies
The first step on the road to buying a house in Britain
is to open an account with a building society. These
companies offer attractive
interest rates for money
deposited with them, but
the lending rates are also
pretty high. Apart from
using the money for the
purchase of a house, one
can use the account like a
normal savings-account.

150
EXERCISE
Subordinating Conjunctions
Fill in the following conjunctions where appropriate
(because, so that, if, as long as, though):
You may stay in my room,
you are quiet.
_____ he was very tired, he went on working.
The Romans built a wall
the tribes of
the north should not invade England.
_ _ _ __ you have time this afternoon, you can
come round for a cup of coffee.
John was very angry,
someone had
stolen his bike.

155

.IK.ruIHillHO-CTJ)OHTeJibHble KOonepaTHBbl

TiepBhIH mar K noJ<YIIKe .11,oMa B Ben11Ko6p1-nam1M - OTI<phlTHe cqeTa B )l(IDIHIUHO-CTPOHTenbHOM Koonepanme. 3TH KOMIIaHMM npe.11,naraJOT xoporn11e npouettThI np11 Bno)l(eHMH cpe.11,cTB, HO npouettThI no KPe.LJ,HTaM TO)l(e .11,oBonhHO BhICOKMe. TioMMMO 11cnonb30BaHIDI cpe.11,CTB .LI.JUI IlOK)'IIKM .ll,OMa, TaKOH C'-leT MO)l(HO HCIIOnh30BaTb
KaK o6hI'-1HhIB c6eperaTenhHbIH C'-leT.
building society
['bildil) s<i'safati]
to open an account [ <i'kaunt]
company ['kAmp<ini]
attractive [ <i'trrektiv]
interest rate ['intrist reit]
lending rate ['lendil) reit]
purchase ['p<i:tf<is]
savings-account ['seiviIJz]

)l(MRMIUHO-CTPOHTenhHhIH
KOOnepaTHB
OTKpbrnaTb C'-leT
KOMTiaHIDI,npe.11,npIDITHe
npMBJieKaTenhHblH' xopOlUMH
npoueHT
npoueHT no Kpe.11,11ry
TIOK)'IIKa,npH06peTeHHe
c6eperaTenhHhIH C'-leT

150
IlO,ll,11HHHTeJJbHbJe COI03bl

Bcma8bme, zoe 3mO Heo6XOOUMO, CAeoylOU(Ue COI03bl:

You may stay in my room, as long as you are quiet. Though he was
very tired, he went on working. The _\lomans built a wall so that the
tribes of the north should not invade England. If you have time this
afternoon, you can come round for a cup of coffee. John was very angry, because someone had stolen his bike.
TbI MO)l(elUb OCTaBaTbC51. B MOe:H KOMHaTe, DOKa Thi Be.LJ,eillb ce651. THxo. XOTH OH oqeHh ycTan, OH npo.11,oR)l(an pa6oTaTh. PMMn51.He noCTPOHnH cTetty, 11ro6hl nneMetta c ceBepa He BToprnMch B AHrn1110.
ECJJu y Te651. cero.11,H5l. .11,HeM 6y.11,eT BpeM51., MO)l(eillh JaHTM Ha qarnKY
Ko<t>e. )l)l(oH 6hm otieHh paccep)l(ett, DOTOMY 'ITO KTO-TO YKPan ero
Benocune.11,.

156

Jumble Sale

Loma:

Loma:

152

''All things that are,

are with more spirit chased
than enjoyed".
William Shakespeare

151
BJiaroTeopnTeJibHbIH 6a3ap
)l(ettuurna: Mbl co6HpaeM Ha 6narornopHTeJJ.hHhIB 6aJap a noMOIUh
,neTSIM ClJ)aH lJ)eTbero MHpa.
noptta:
KaKHe aemH Bbl co6HpaeTe?
)l(eHl.l.(Htta: Bee, 'ITO yro,ntto: o,ne)!()zy HJIH Hrpyunrn., ruiacnrnKH,
Kl-IHfH. 0HH 6y.nyT npo,naaaTbCSI B cy66ory B 31laHHH
uepKBH.
Jloptta:
51 cero,nHSI 'IYTh 003)!(e nomuy 'ITO-HH6y,nh.
jumble sale ['d:>Ambl seil]
to collect [k~'lekt]
in aid of [eid]
type [taip]
toy [t:>i]
record ['reb:d]
church hall ['tf~:tf h:>:I]

6narOTBOPHTeJibHbIH 6a3ap
co611paTh
B OOMOlllb (ICOMy-11.)
BHtl, P01l
HfPYUIKa
OJiaCTHHKa
31laHHe u.epKBH

152
3a Ka)l()lOH Bell.(blO B MHpe HaM cname rHaTbCSI, Y:eM 11MeTb ee. YHJibSIM IlleKcnHp ( 1564-1616), aeJIHKHH attrJIBHCKHH ,npaMarypr

Every, each, any

PyccKHe MecT011MeH11S1 BCSIKHH, Ka)l()lblH, n1060.H MOfYT nepe,naaaTbCSI B attrJIHHCKOM npH OOM()ll.(H CJlOB every, each 11 any:

1. Tom went for a walk every day last week.

Every 11 ero npmt3B01lHbJe (everybody 11 T.Jl.) yno1J)e6JIS110TCS1 , ecJIH HMeeTCSI B Bl11lY BCSIKHH B caMOM o6meM CMbICJle.
2. A passport officer asked each of the passengers some
questions.
Each no,n':lepKHBaeT yKa3aHHe tta oT,neJibHOe JIHU.O HJIH npe)J.MeT
H3 orpaH11Y:eHHOrO KOJlHY:eCTBa H 03HaY:aeT Ka)l()lbIH.
3. Anybody can become a member of our sports club .
B noaecrnoaaTeJibHOM npe1lJIO)!(eHH11any11 ero npoH3B01lHbie (anybody 11.np.) 11MelOT 3HaY:eHHe JIJ06oih>, KaKOH-TO (6e3pa3J1H4HO
KaKOH).

158

"Those to whom nothing ever happened

cannot understand
the unimportance of events."
T. S. Eliot

154
Jumble Sale
The local Women's Institute have collected jumble to
be sold at a sale. The proceeds of this sale will go to a
charity which sends goods
and medicines to the
Third World to help
children there. The
people in the neighbourhood have donated generously, and the organizers
hope to make more money this year than they
did the year before.

159

Te, c KeM HHKor.ua HH'lero He CJiy<laJIOCb, He MOryT noHHTb HeBIDKHOCTH C06bITHH. -T.C. 3JIHOT (1888- 1965), aMep11KaHCKHH n11caTeJib, npHIDIBlllHH B 1927 r. 6pHTaHCKOe rpIDKD;aHCTBo; UHTaTa 113

The Family Reunion

Pa:meJIHTeJibHble eonpocL1 (Question Tags)

K BonpocaM B aHrnHHCKOM H3h1Ke qacTo npwcoe.n;HHHIOT TaK tta3bIBaeMbie question tags:
It's a beautiful day today, isn't it?
John likes his job, doesn't he?
He wasn 't very busy last week, was he?
B 3THX BonpocwTeJibHbIX <PopM)'Jiax rnaron, ynoTPe6JUieMhIH B oTpwuaTeJibHOM Bonpoce, nOBTOpHeTCH B yrnep.uHTeJibHOH <PopMe,
H Hao6opoT. IlpH noJIH03Ha'iHOM rnarone B Ka'ieCTBe noBTOpHIOmerOCH cKaJyeMoro BbicrynaeT rnaron do. Ilo-pyccKH 3TH <PopMyJibI MO)l(HO npH6JIH3HTeJibHO nepe.n;aTb KaK: ....n;a?, (B pa3roBopHOM 513bIKe), ... npaB.ua? (B HeHTPaJibHOM CTHJie), ...He TaKmi? ,
...He npaB.n;a JIH? (B H3bIKe xy.uo)l(ecTBeHHo'H JIHTepaTYPbI).

BJ1aroTeopuTeJ1LHb1ii: 6a3ap
MecTHa.H AccouwauHH )l(eHlUHH co6paJia Bemw MH pacnpo.ua)l(H.
Bb1pyqKa OT pacnpo.n;a)l(H nocTynHT B 6naroTBopttTeJibHYIO opratt113aumo, KOTOpa.H co611paeT Bem11 H Me.UHKaMeHTbl MH IlOMOlUH .ueTHM CTPaH TPeThero Mttpa. JI10.uw, :lKHBym:11e no coce.ucTBy, .uenaJIH
me.n;pbie IlO)l(epTBOBaHllil, H opraHH3aTOpbl Ha.[leIOTCH Bblpy<IHTb
B 3TOM ro.uy 60Jibllle .[letter, 'ieM B npOlllJIOM.
sale [seil]
proceeds ('prousi:dz]
charity ['tfreriti]
to donate [ dou'neit]
generously ['d3en::irnsli]
organizer (':>:g::inaiz::i]

pacnpo.n;IDKa
.UOXO.U, BhlpyqKa
6naroTBOpHTeJibHaH
opraHH3aUIDI.
nepe.n;aBaTb B .uap; )l(epTBosaTb
rne.upo
oprattmaTOp

160

EXERCISE

Question Tags
Fill in the appropriate question tags in the sentences
below:
Mary phoned her mother,
?
You have seen him,
?
She won't be able to come,
?
He isn't English,
?
Sue can swim well,
?
?
They don't agree with you,
You have met the Millers before,
?
John likes his job,
?
It's nice today,
?
She can't speak Spanish,
?

A New Swimming Costume

Loma has been looking in her wardrobe, trying to
decide which clothes she should take with her on
holiday. She finds that she
needs a new swimming
costume as hers is rather
old-fashioned. In the department store she doesn't
like the colours of the
swimming costumes on
display, but after trying
on a couple she finds
that they aren't so bad
after all.
6 - AHrn11i:1cKasi r paMMarnKa wyrsi

161

Pa3~emrreJlbHble

sonpocw

3anoAHume nponyc1eu HYJICHblMU pmiJe.t1umeA&HblMU BonpocaMu:

Mary phoned her mother, didn't she? - You have seen him, haven't
)1)0? - She won't be able to come, will she? - He isn't English, is he? Sue can swim well, can't she? - They don't agree with you, do they? You have met the Millers before, haven't )1)0? -John likes his job, doesn't he? - It's nice today, isn't it? - She can't speak Spanish, can she?
M3pH ee)l;b 3BOIDIJla ceoeM: MaMe, J1;a? - TbI ero BHJJ:eJI, npaeJ1;a? Otta He CMO)l(eT npHHTH, ee)l;b TaK? - Ott He attrJIHqaHHH, HeT? CbIO xoporno nJiaeaeT, npae)l;a? - OHH He cornacttbi c To6oti, TaK
eeJ1;b? - Bhl ~e 3HaKOMbl c ceMbeH MHJIJiep, J1;a? - j:()l(oey HpaBHTCR ero pa6oTa, npae,n:a? - Cero)l;HSI xopornM noro)l;a, He TaKJIH? Otta He roeop1u no-HcnattcKH, J1;a?

HosLIH KYJl3.11bHHK
Jloptta CJl;eJiaJia peBH3HIO ceoero rapJ1;epo6a, nbITaRcb peurnTb, KaKYIO o)l;e)l()l;y B3RTb c co6o B oTnycK. Otta cqHTaeT, qTo eti H~eH
HOBbIH KYfiaJibHHK, nOTOMY qro npe)J(HHj.{ ~e )l;OBOJibHO CTapOMOAHhIH. B YHHBepMare eM: He HpaBRTCR u;eeTa KYfiaJibHHKOB B BHTpHHax, HO npHMepHB HeCKOJibKO eern.ej.\, OHa Hax:O)l;HT, qTo, B KOHQe
KOHQOB, OHH He TaK ~ H nJIOXH.
swimming costume
['swimiQ 'bstju:m]
wardrobe ['w:>:droub]
old-fashioned [,ould'fref:md]
department store
[di'pa:tm:mt st:>:]
display [dis'plei]
couple ['kApl]
after all ['a:ft;) :>:I]

KYfiaJibHHK
rap)l;epo6
CTapOMO)l;HbIH
yHHeepMar
BblCTaBKa, BHTpHHa
napa,HeCKOJibKO
B HTOre

162

ARame
A raffle has been organized for the street party.
Several local firms have agreed to supply prizes
ranging from ten tins of
tomato soup from the
local supermarket, to a
weekend in a London
hotel, presented by the
travel agency. The money
made from the raffle
tickets sales is supposed
to cover the costs of the
tent and of the entertainers.

"In this world

nothing can be said to be certain,
except death and taxes:'
Benjamin Franklin

JlarepeR
,[(mi yJIH':lttoro npa3)1.HHKa opraHH3yeTcJI JIOTepesi. HecKOJihKO MeCTHhIX qmpM cornaCHJIHCb npe)l,OCTaBHTb npH3bl - OT )l,eCJITH 6aHOK TOMaTHOro cyna H3 MeCTHoro cynepMapKeTa )1,0 ym<-3H)l,a B JIOHJlOHCKOM OTeJie, onJia'IHBaeMoro TYPareHTCTBOM . .LJ:eHhrn, BhipyqettHbie OT npO)l,1DICH JIOTepeHHbIX 6J.UieTOB, )l,OJDKHbl IlOKpbITb paCXO)l,bl
Ha rnaTep H apTHCTOB, pa3BJieKalOlllHX ny6JIHKY.
raffle ['r~fl]
to supply [s:)'plai]
to range from ... to . .. [ reind3]
to cover the costs
['kAv:)] [k::>sts]
entertainer [,ent:)'tein:)]

JIOTepeH
IlOCTaBJIJITh;.ll.aBaTb
BapbHpOBaTb (CSI) OT... J:tO
IlOKPbIBaTb paCXOJ:tbl
apTHCT, pa3BJieKalOlllHH
ny6JIHKY

B 3TOM MHpe HM B 'IeM HeJib3JI 6hITb ysepeHHbIM, KpOMe CMepTH

11 HaJIOroB. - DeH,LOKaMHH <l>paJIKJIID{ ( 1706-1790)' aMepHKaHCKHH
ny6JI11UHCT, 113 Ill1CbMa, )l.aTHPOBaHHOro 1789 r.

All
l . Sue stayed in bed all day.
All books must be paid for at the counter.
all+ e)l,HHCTBeHHoe 'll!CJIO 03HatJaeT BeCb, BCe, UeJlbrH, all+ MHO)l(eCTBeHHOe 'IHCJIO Bee (6e3 HCKJIIO'IeHHH).
2. All workers looked forward to their holidays.
All the workers in this factory must take their holiday in
August.

all + cyrnecTBHTeJihHoe HMeeT o6mee 3HatJettwe; all the + cyrnecTBHTeJibHoe 03HatJaeT Bee H3 onpeaeJiettttoro KOJIWiecTsa.

164

EXERCISE

Simple Present or Continuous Fonn?

1. He
to the theatre twice a week. (go)
2. That actor always
a good
performance. (give)
3. The curtain
at seven thirty every
evening. (rise)
4. I think we
in the wrong seats. (sit)
5. When 'God Save the Queen' is played everyone
- - - - - (stand up)
6. I often ______ to opera on records. (listen)

Artists
Tom: I think it's really good that the party organizers
have arranged acts such as jugglers and
fire-eaters.
Lyn: It's much better
than the street party
where we used to
live. There, they just
had tea and cake in
the afternoon and
beer in the evening.
Tom: But you must admit
that we always enjoyed ourselves.

--

165

Ilpocroe uacroJ1m.ee apeMSI HJJH upo;:i;oJDKeHHaH ct>opMa?

l. He goes to the theatre twice a week.

2. That actor always gives a good performance.

3. The curtain rises at seven thirty every evening.
4. I think we are sitting in the wrong seats.
5. When " God Save the Queen" is played everyone stands up.
6. I often listen to opera on records.

I . OH .u.sa pa3a s He.u.emo XO.U.HT s TeaTp.

2. 3roT aKTep scer.u.a xoporno HrpaeT.

3. 3attasec no.u.HHMaeTcsr Kll)l()J.hIH seqep s ceMh qacos TpH.UU:aTh
MHHYT
4. 51 .u.yMaIO, Mbl CH)J.HM He Ha CBOHX MecTax.
5. Kor.u.a HrpaIOT 60.lKe, xpaHH Koponesy, see BCTilIOT.
6. 51 qacro cJiyIDaIO nnacTHHKH c onepHOH MY3hIKOH.

ApmcTbl
ToM:
JIHH:
ToM:

51C'IHTilIO,3TO3.11.oposo, 'ITO yCTpoHreJIH npa3.U.HHKa npHrnacHJIH .lKOHrnepos H ortternoTareJieit

fuo ropa3)1.0 JIY'IUle rex yJIH'IHhIX npa3)1.HHKOB, KOTOphie
6bIBaJIH raM, r.u.e Mh1 .lKHJ\H patthrne. TaM 6bIJIH TOJihKO 'laH
H BhIIle'IKa )J.HeM H IlKBO seqepoM.
Ho Thi .U.OJI.lKHa npH3HaTh, 'ITO MhI scer.u.a nOJIYl.faJIH y,noBOJihCTBHe.

to arrange [ a'reind3]
act [rekt]
juggler ['d:>Agla]
fire-eater ['faiari:ta]
to enjoy o.s. [in'd3:>i]

ycTpaHsaTh
HOMep
.lKOHrnep
ortternoraTeJih
Hacna.ll(JJ:aTbCsr; nonyqaTh
y.u.osonhCTBHe

166

At the Swimming Pool

The weather is nice today, and Lyn suggests that
she and Tom go swimming. There is an outdoor
swimming pool a few
miles from their house.
It is usually quite busy
in summer, and even if
they cannot swim because the pool is so full,
they can at least lie on
the grass around the
pool and sunbathe.

EXERCISE

The Passive
Put the following sentences into the passive:
1. We had finished all work by nine o'clock.
2. I will pay all my bills tomorrow.
3. The rescue party found the missing climber after a
long search.
4. I did a little work, but my friend did a great deal.

167

B 6acceiiHe
Cero.n.IDI xopo1mu1 noro.n.a, H JlHH npe)l)laraeT ToMY BMecTe cxo)J.HTb
B 6acceHH. B HeCKOJibKHX MH.IUIX OT HX )J.OMa eCTb OTKpblTbIH 6acceliH. JleTOM TaM o6bI4HO MHOroJIIO)UlO, HO )J.IDKe ecJIH HeT B03Mo:lKHOCTH nJiaBaTb H3-3a Toro, 4TO 6acceHH nepenoJIHeH, MO)l(HO no
KpaliHeH Mepe Jie)l(aTb Ha TpaBe y 6accenHa 11 npHHHMaTb coJIHe4Hbie BaHHbl.
to suggest [s;}1d3est]
outdoor ['autd::>:]
at least [;}t li:st]
to surround [s;}'raund]
to sunbathe ['SAnbeio]

npe)l)laraTb, peKOMeHJJ,oBaTb
OTKpbITbIH,
tta B03.n.yxe
no KpaliHeH Mepe
CHap~;

OKp~aTb

npHHHMaTb COJIHelJHbJe BaHHbl

IlaCCHB
Ilpeo6pa3yume CJ1eoy10~ue npeoAo:JICeHUR e </xJpMy naccueHozo JOAoza:

1. All work was finished by nine o ' clock.

2. All my bills will be paid tomorrow.
3. The missing climber was found by tlie rescue party after a long
search.

4. A little work was done by me, but a great deal was done by my
friend.

1. BcR pa6oTa 6hma 3aKOH4eHa K .n.eB.SITH rncaM.

2. Bee MOH cqeTa 6y.n.YT JaBTpa onJialJeHbI.

3. IlponaBIIIHH aJibnHHHCT nocJie )J.OJlrHX nOHCKOB 6hlJI HaH)J.eH
rpynnoli cnacareJielt

4. MetthIIIM qacTh pa6oThI 6h1Jia BhlnOJIHeHa MHOH, a 6oJihIIIM

4aCTb 6b1Jla C.!leJiaHa MOHM npyroM.

168

EXERCISE

Infinitive or -ing Forms?

Give infinitive or -ingforms of the verbs in brackets:
1. I hope _ _ _ _ (see) you again soon.
2. I look forward to
(meet) you again
soon.
3. He keeps on _ _ _ _ (say) the same thing.
4. My friends wanted
(eat) an Indian meal.
5. You will soon get used to
(work) with
a computer.
6. At the border they made us _ _ _ _ (open)
our suitcases.

A Picnic
Tom and Lyn have cycled into the country. After
reaching a suitable place, they stop, spread out a
cloth and put out their
food. No sooner have
they begun to eat, than a
swarm of bees discovers
the cake. The bees are
so persistent that Tom
is forced to carry the
cake into the field and
leave it there for the
bees.

169

Hncl>nHHTHB HJIH -ing-cl>opMbl?

I . I hope to see you again soon.
2. I look forward to meeting you again soon.
3. He keeps on saying the same thing.
4. My friends wanted to eat an Indian meal.
5. You will soon get used to working with a computer.

6. At the border they made us open our suitcases.

1. 51 Ha,lleIOCb CKOPO YBH.neTb Bae CHOBa.

2. 516y,ey pa,u CKOPO BCTpeTHTb Bae BHOBb.

3. Ott Bee BpeWJ r0Bop11T o,UHo 11 TO )Ke.
4. Mo11 .!lPY3MI xoTeJIH nonpo6oBaTh HH)lHHCKOe 6n10.uo.

5. Bbl cKopo npHBhIKHeTe pa6oTaTh c KOMJihIOTepoM.

6. Ha rpaH1llle Hae JacTaBHJIH OTKPhITh qeMo.aaHhI.

IIHKHHK
I
I

ToM H JIHH OTnpaBHJIHCh Ha Benoc11ne.uax Ha np11po.uy. JJ:o6paBurnch

.!lO JIO)lXO)lSIJUero MeCTa, OHH OCTaHaBJIHBaIOTCH, paCCTHJiaIOT CKaTepTb H .!lOCTaIOT CBOH npHIIaCbl. E.uBa OHH IIPHCTYIIHJIH K Tpane3e, KaK nqeJIHHbIH poH o6ttap~aeT KeKC. IlqeJibl TaK Ha30HJIHBbl, qTo ToM BbIHy)l(.!leH OTHeCTH KeKC B JIOJie H OCTaBHTb ero TaM
)lJIH

HHX.

suitable ['sju:t~bl]
to spread out [spred]
cloth [kb0]
swarm [sw:):m]
persistent [p~'sist~nt]
forced [fast]

IIO.UXOMIUHH
paCCTHJiaTb
CKaTePTh
poit
HaCTOH'IHBbIH, ynopHbIH,
Ha30HJIHBbIH
IIpHHy)l(.!leHHhIH,
BblHy)l(.!leHHbIH

170

A Gardener
Sue: Don't you think we should get a gardener to come

in occasionally and do some of the rough work in

the garden?
Pete: Yes, if we can find someone. I hear that quite
a few people
/.r,,'l
inthestreet
0
~ ,,...
are looking
"-" c;)
for someone.
But it would
~/'
certainly help
v },
if/ didn't
have to cut
the grass.

EXERCISE

Participle Constructions
Transform the following sentences into main sentence
and participle construction:
1. The gangster ran out to the car, which was waiting.
2. He didn't come until 11 o'clock because he had to
work late.
3. When he entered the bank, the policeman was
attacked by.the robber.
4. As he knew the combination the burglar was able
to open the safe easily.
171

C3,LJ,OBHHK

Cb10:

TbI He .D;)'Maellib, 'ITO HaM H]')KHO HaIDITb CaAOBHHKa, 'IT06b1 OH HHOr.n;a rrpHXO.IJ;HJI H,ne.rraJI Koe-KaKYJO TIDKeJI}'IO pa-

Il11T:

,Ila, eCJIH Mbl CMO)l(eM KOrO-HH6y.D;b Haifrn. JI 3HaIO, 'ITO

MHorne Ha HaUieH YJIHUe HJUYT Ca.D;OBHHKa. 3To, KOHe'lHO, 6bIBO 6bI 60JibUIHM o6Jier'leHHeM, eCJIH 6bI MHe He
HJ)l(HO 6bIBO CTPH'lb ra30H.

6ozy B ca.ny?

gardener ['ga:dn~]
occasionally [;,'kei3~n~li]
rough [rAf]
quite [kwait]
to help [help]
certainly ['s~:tnli]

Ca.D;OBHHK
HHOr.D;a, BpeMH OT apeMeHH
rpy6bIH; TIDKeJibIH
.n.oaoJibHo; quite a few (pa3z.)
HeMaJIO, MHOro
IlOMOraTb, o6Jier'laTb
KOHe'IHO

IlplftlaCTHLle KOHCTpYKJUIH

Ilpeo6p03Yume C11e0y10U{ue npeaAoJICeHUJl B21lOBHoe npeaAoJ1CeHue c npu'tacmHou 1e0Hcmpy1eu,ueu:

1. The gangster ran out to the waiting car.

faHrcTep no6e)l(aJI K o)l(H.1l;aarneii ero MarnHHe.

2. Having had to work late, he didn't come until 11 o'clock.

IlocKOJibKY OH ,llOJI)l(eH 6bm pa6oTaTb .11;0Il03.D;Ha, OH npHUieJI

TOJibKO B 11 'laCOB.
3. When entering the bank the policeman was attacked by the
robber.
Kor.n.a noJIHUeHCKHH aorneJI B 6aHK, rpa6HTeJib Hana.TI Ha Hero.
4. Knowing the combination the burglar was able to open the safe
easily.
IlocKOJibKY B3JIOMUIHK 3HaJI UIH<Pp, OH CMOr c JierKOCTblO OTKPbITb ce:H.<t>.
172

A Part of London
This part of south-west London is famous in the
whole world for the tennis courts of the All England
Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club. Since 1877 the All
England Lawn Tennis Championship has been held
here every year for two weeks at the end of June/
beginning of July. The players are traditionally only
allowed to wear white while playing on the well-kept
grass courts.
What is the name of this area?

EXERCISE

"Something" and "anything"

1. Tom is thirsty, he's looking for _ _ _ _ __
to drink, but he can't find _ _ _ _ __
2. What's a radish? It's _ _ _ _ _ _ to eat.
3. I'm not hungry, I don't want _ _ _ _ __
4. Customs officer: Have you got _ _ _ _ __
to declare? - No, I haven't got _ _ _ _ __
5. Have you heard the news on the radio?
No, I haven't heard _ _ _ _ __
6. Is there
in your bag?

173

fua qacTh 10ro-3ana,u.HOfO JlOHJJ.OHa H3BeCTHa BO BCeM MHpe CBOHMH TeHHHCHblMH KOPTaMH BceattrJIHHCKOfO KJIY6a nayH-TeHHHca H KpOKeTa.
1877 r. 3,ll.eCb KIDK,n;blil: ro.n B Te'ieHHe )J.Byx HeJJ,eJib
B KOHUe HJOIDI - Ha'iaJie HIOJUI npoXOJJ,HT BceaHfJIHHCKHil: 'ieMnHOHaT no naytt-reHHHcy. Bo BpeMR HfPhl Ha OTJIH'IHO yxo)l(eHHblX TpaB.ffHbIX KOPTaX HfPOKH no Tpa,l1.HUHH ,ll.OJl)l(Hbl 6bITb B 6e110M. KaK
Ha3bIBaeTC.ff 3TOT pailoH?

Wimbledon
YHM6JIJJ,OH

Something u anything
1. Tom is thirsty, he's looking for something to drink, but he can't find
anything. - TOM XO'ieT nHTb, OH HlJ..(eT 'iTO-m16y.nh H3 HanHTKOB,
HO HH'iero He MO)l(eT HaHTH.

2. What' s a radish? It's something td eat. - qTo TaKOe pe.nHc? qToTO C'be.no6Hoe.

3. I'm not hungry, I don't want anything. - H He rono.neH, .ff HH'iero He xo'ly.
4. Customs officer: Have you got something to declare? - No, I haven't
got anything. - TaMO)l(eHHHK: Y Bae eCTb 'ITO .neKJiapHpoBaTb? HeT, y MeIDI HH'iero HeT.
5. Have you heard the news on the radio? - No, I haven't heard anything. - Bbl CJlbilllaJIH HOBOCTH no pa.a.Ho? - HeT, .ff HH'iero He
CJlbllllaJI.
6. Is there something in your bag? - Y Te6.H ecTb 'ITO-TO B CYMKe?

174

EXERCISE - - - - -

Translation
1. 51 CJihillHUI, KaK Otta OTKpbIBaeT BXO,L(HYJO ,L(Bepb.
2. 51 BH,lleJI, KaK Maunrna 3asepttyJia 3a yroJI .
3. Mtte 6b1 x oreJioch, qT06b1 Thi npHilleJI B cy66oTY.
4. 51 Q)IGf,L(a!O, 'fTO OH nepe3BOHHT cero)llUI. )lHeM.
5. 51 nonpocHJI ee septtyTh 6YKeT.

A Wedding Anniversary
Lyn:
Tom:
Lyn:

Tom:

Lyn:
Tom:

175

Ilepeeo,ll,
1. I heard her open the front door.
2. I saw the car drive round the corner.
3. I would like you to come on Saturday.
4. I expect him to phone back this afternoon.
5. I asked her to bring back the bunch oftlowers.

JI1rn:
ToM:
JI1rn:
ToM:
JlHtt:
ToM:

Thi Jttaewh, KaKoii cero.nIDI .netth?

0HTH111.1,a. A 'ITO?
51 He HMeJia BBH,Lzy- KaKOH .neHh tte.nen11. Cero.nIDI npe.nnonaraeTCH He'ITO .U:OBOJibHO oco6eHHOe.
Ho 3TO Be.Uh He TBOH .nettb po)K)l;eHIDI?
HeT. 3-ro ro.noBrn;HHa Hall\eH cBa.nh6h1. Bcer.na MHe npH xo.n;HTCH Te6e HanoMHHaTb.
Tor.na .naBaii OTKpoeM 6YThIJIKY waMnattcKoro H oTnpa3.U:ttyeM!

wedding anniversary

fO.U:OBlUHHa CBa,Uh6bI

['wedit),reni'v:) : s~ri]

to be supposed to [s:)'pouzd]
to remind s.o. [ri'maind]
champagne lfrem'pein]
to celebrate ['selibreit]

npe.nnoJiaraThCH
ttanoMHHaTb KOMY-JI.
rnaMnattcKoe
npaJ.nttoBaTh

176

Visiting a Casde
John decides to show his American friend some more
castles as Mike seems to be especially interested in
the British heritage.
~
;w.::>"'..,,_
They go to a castle which
is only a short drive away.
When they arrive there,
they join a group of
people who are being led
around the castle and
castle grounds by a guide.
Afterwards they stop for
a cup of tea in the castle

care.

172

"Change is not made

without inconvenience, even
from worse to better."
Richard Hooker

Ilocew.eHHe 3utKa
.U)l(OH pernaeT noKa.3aTb CBOeMy aMepm<aHCKOMY .n:pyry no60Jibllle
JaMKOB, rrocKOJibKy MattK, Ka)l(eTCH, oco6etttto HHTepecyeTcH
6p1naHCKHM HCTOpH'IeCKHM HacJie.n:HeM. 0HH OTrrpaBJIHIOTCH B 3aMOK, B KOTOpbrH MO)l(HO 6bICTpO .n:o6paTbCH Ha MalllHHe. flpH6bIB
ry.n:a, OHH npHCOe)J.HIDllOTCH K rpyrrrre, KOTOPYIO rn.n: BOJJ:HT no 3aMKy H rrapKy. 3aTeM OHH OTJJ:blXaIOT 3a 'lalllKOH 'laH B Ka<t>e 3aMKa.
especially [is'pef~li]
to be interested in ['intristid]
heritage ['heritid3]
drive [draiv]
to join [d3::>in]
ground [graund]

oco6eHHO
HHTepecoeaTbcH, 6bITb
3aHHTepecoBaHHblM B 'leM-Jl.
HacJie.n:He
noeJJJ:Ka Ha MaIIIHHe
npHCOeJJ:HIDITbCH
3eMJIH, ITO'IBa; MH.'t. ca.n:, napK
npH JJ:OMe, 3aMKe

rn.n:

guide [gaid]

flepeMeHbr ecer.n:a corrpoeo)l(JJ:aIOTCH Hey.n:o6crnaMH - JJ:a)l(e OT xy.n:wero KJIY'lllleMY . - PH'lap.n: XYKeP (oK. 1554-1600), aHrJIHMCKHH
6orocJIOB 11 nHCaTeJib, UHTHpyeMbIH JJ:-POM .U)l(OHCOHOM B npe.n:11cJlOBl1l1 K ero CJioeapJO

Heonpe,ll;eJieHHblH avr"KJlb
My father is a teacher.
He is an American.
His son became a socialist.

- Mow oreu - yqHTeJib.

- Ott aMepHKatteu.
- Ero CbIH CTaJI COUHaJIHCTOM.

Heonpe.n:eJieHHbrn apmKJlb yi<a:JbmaeT Ha e)J.HHH'l}{oe 113 HeKoti: rpynnb1 11 ynoTpe6JIHeTcH npH YKaJaHHH rrpo<t>eccHH, HaUHOHaJibHOCTH, peJIHfHH, rrapTHH H T.JJ:.
B no3HI..UUIX, 3aHHMaeMbIX e.n:HHCTBeHHbIM, yttHKaJibHbIM JIHUOM,
cyruecTBHTeJibHOe ynoTpe6JIHeTCH 6e3 apTHKJUI.
Mr Brown was elected mayorofthe town.- M-p Epaytt 6bm H36patt M3poM ropo.n:a.

178

EXERCISE
Indirect Speech
Change the following sentences from direct into indirect speech.
"You lent your umbrella to Helen." Tom says ...
"We've never been to America." Tom complains . ..
"This job is much more interesting for me." Kate
said . . .

"I've been sitting at this typewriter for hours."

He complained . ..
"I'll send you a copy of my new book." The author
promised . . .

The National Trost

In Great Britain an organization called the National
Tf4&! is responsible for preserving and restoring
buildmgs of historical
..
interest. The Trust is a
,....,..
charity and has to find all
its money through donations. It also arranges
tours, guided walks and
has various facilities at its
properties such as gift
shops and tearooms.

179

KoceeHHaJI pe11L
IIpeo6pa3yiime npeiJAoJ1CeHUJl 8 KOC8eHHy10 pe'tb:

Tom says that I lent my umbrella to Helen. Tom complains that we've
never been to America. Kate said that the job was much more interesting for her. He complained that he had been sitting at that typewriter for hours. The author promised that he would send me a copy
of his new book.
ToM rosopHT, no H O)J,OJDKJUia csott 30HTHK XeneH. ToM co:lKaneeT, 'ITO MhI HHKoma He 6bIBaJIH B AMep11Ke. K3il:T CI<a3ana, 'ITO 3Ta
pa6oTa ett 6onee HHTepecHa. OH co:lKanen, 'ITO eMy npHXo,1urnocb
qacaMH Cl1)1,eTb 3a 3TOH IIH~eH MaIIIRHKOH. Alrrop o6eman npHCJiaTb MHe 3K3eMIUUlp csoett HOBOH KHHfH.

H3mHJI TpaCT ( Ha...-oHaJlbHblH YpeCT)

OprattHJau,1151 H3II1HJI TpacT ( Hau,HOHaJihHhIH TpecT) orneqaeT B BenHKo6pHTilHHH 3a coxpaneHHe 11pecTIIBpall,HIO3.D:aHHH, npe.n:CTaBJI51lOIIJ,HX 11cTop11'1eCKHH HHrepec. TpecT HBJI5leTCH 6Jiarornop11TeJihHhIM <t>oH.D:OM H )1,0JI)l(eH H3hlCKHBaTh cpe)J,CTBa npH TIOMOlllH
no:lKeprnosaHI1H. OH ycTpa11saeT TyppI, 3KCKYPCHH 11 co.n:ep:lKHT
B CBOHX ITOMelU,eHllilX pa3JIH'IHbie conyrcTBYJOlU,He o6oeKTbI - TaKHe KaK Mara311Hbl cyBeHHPOB H lfaHHbie.

National Trust ['nrefanl trAst]

organization [,;,:ganai'zeifan]
responsible [ ris'p;,nsabl]
to preserve [pri'za:v]
to restore [ ri'st;,:]
donation [dou'neifan]
guided walk ['gaidid w;,:k]
facility [fa'siliti]

o6mecTBO oxpaHbl naMHTHHKOB

opraH11Jau,1151
OTBeTCTBeHHhIH
coxpaH51Th
pecTasp11posaTh
)1,ap, no:lKepTB0BaH11e
3KCKypC1151
o6beKT

180

EXERCISE
Comparison of Adjectives
There are some adjectives with irregular comparative
and superlative forms. Do you know them?
good _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

bad _________________

little _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ __

much, many _______________

A Barbecue
_.eete:

Sue:

Pete:

Would you pass me some more charcoal for

the barbecue please?
Don't you think that will be enough
for the few steaks
which we want
to cook?
I was thinking of
putting a few
chicken legs on
afterwards. Our
guests might still
be hungry.

181

CpaenHTeJibHhie CTeneuu npHJiaraTeJibHbIX

HeKomopble npW1a2ame.t1bHble o6pa3y10m cpaeHume.t1bHy10 u npeeocxoaHy10 cmeneHu He no npaBWlaM. Bbl we 3Haeme?

good - better - best

bad - worse - worst
little - less - least
much, many - more - most

YfOJIOK 3KCilEPTA ----~

JiouMaHbI-10ttr11 ttaJhrna10TcH BBen11Ko6pHTaHHH "lollipop
men"' IlOCKOJibKY HX qeprra.m<a HMeeT <l><>PMY orpoMHOfO Jie.u.ettua (=lollipop).

Iiap6eKIO
Il11T:
Cb10:
Il11T:

Tb1 He rrepe.u.aIIIh MHe eme .u.peBecttoro yrAA AAA rpHAA?

A Te6e He KIDKeTCH, 'ITO 3Toro AOCTaTO'IHO MH ttecKOJihKHX KYCKOB MHCa, KOTOpbie Mbl XOTHM 110.!0KllPHTb?
51XOTeJI6bI IIOJIO)l(}{Tb IIOTOM HCCKOJibKO HO)J(eK UbIIIJieHKa. Mo)J(eT 6hITh, HaIIIH roCTH eme JaxoTHT rroecTb.

barbecue ['ba:bikju:]
to pass [pa:s]
charcoal ['tfa:koul]
chicken leg ['tflkin leg]
afterwards ['a:ft:lw:ldz]
hungry ['hAJ]gri]

6ap6eK10, rpHJih
rrepe):(aBaTb
L(peBeCHbiil yroJih
HO)J(Ka UbIIIJieHKa
IIOTOM, IIOCJie
roJIOL(Hbiil

182

A Parking Ticket
When Pete arrived back at his car, he noticed that a
traffic warden had placed a parking ticket under his
wind-screen wiper. He
hadn't realized that he
had parked his car in a no
parking zone. When he
looked to the left he saw
the sign which said that
parking was forbidden
between 8 a. m. and 6
p. m. Another few
pounds down the drain!

EXERCISE
Adjective or Adverb?
1. The new train running from London to Glasgow is
very
. (fast)
2. Aunt Emily is a
housewife.
Of course she cooks very
. (good)
3. Last night there was a
moon.
. (bright)
Today the sun is shining
4. This is the
weather I can think of. (bad)
5. He was
hurt. (deep)
6. This is probably the
day this summer. (hot)

183

lliTpaclJuoH: TaJiou
Kor.ua IlHT Bepttyncsi: K CBOeH Maunrne, OH JaMeTHn, 'ITO COTpy,11,HHK aBTOHHCneKUHH 3aCyttyn 3a ,11,BOpHHK lllTpacPHOH TanOH. IlHT
COBCeM He 3aMenUI, 'ITO noCTaBHn CBOIO MalllHHY B 30He, f,11,e napKOBKa JanpemeHa. IlocMOTpeB Haneso, OH ysH,11,en 3HaK, H3Bemasl1IHH, 'I.TO napKOBKa 3anpemeHa c 8 yTpa ,11,0 6 seqepa. Eme HeCKOJibKO cPYHTOB BhI6pollleHO Ha BeTep!
parking ticket ['pa:kil)'tikit]

lllTpacPHOH TanOH

traffic warden ['trrefik 'w:):dn]

wind-screen wiper
['windskri:n 'waip~]
no parking zone
[nou 'pa:kil) zoun]
sign [sain]
to forbid [fa'bid]
down the drain [drein]

COTpy,11,HHK aBTOHHcneKUHH
,11,BOpHHK

(3a Henpa6UJlbHYIO napK06KY)

CTOSIHKa/rrapKOBKa 3anpemeHa
3HaK
JarrpemaTh
Ha BeTep (6yK6. B B0,11,0CTOK)

178
IIpm1araTeJILuoe HJIH uape1He?
1. The new train running from London to Glasgow is very fast. - Ho-

BhIH noe3,11, JlOH,11,0H-fnaJro - O'IeHb 6blCTphIH.

2. Aunt Emily is a good housewife. Of course she cooks very well. -

Tern 3MHnH - xopolllasi: xo3HH:Ka. KoHeqHo )Ke, oHa xopolllo ro

TOBHT.
3. Last night there was a bright moon. Today the sun is shining brighti
ly. - Ilpoumoti HO'IhJO 6bma si:pKruI .rryHa. Cero,11,HH si:pKo cseTHT
COJIHJJ;e.
4. This is the worst weather I can think of. - 3To xy,11,lllasi: noro,11,a,
KOTOpyJO MO)l(HO ce6e npe,11,CTaBHTb.
5. He was deeply hurt. - OH 6hm rny6oKo ocKop6neH.
6. This is probably the hottest day this summer. - 3ro, sepOITTHO, caMhIH )l(apJG.fii ,11,eHh 3a nern.

184

The Credit Card

Pete has decided to use his credit card as much as
possible on holiday. For one thing he doesn't have to
worry about carrying too
much foreign currency
with him and for another
it is useful that the bill
for his credit card only
comes at the end of the
month. If he's lucky the
Cf<
bills won't come in for a
l!s
0
couple of months.

~J'
~

O':

"Half our life is spent

trying to find something to do
with the time we have rushed
through life trying to save."
Will Rogers

Kpe,lUITHaB uvra
IlHT peIIIHJI KaK MO)l(}IO qame nOJih30BaTbCH B OTnyCKe Kpe,nHTHOH
KaPTOH. Bo-nepBhIX, eM)' He H}')KHO 6y,neT 6ecnoKOHTbCH o TOM, qTO
y Hero c co60H MHOro HHOCTpaHHOH BaJIIOThl, a BO-BTOpbIX, BblroJlHO, qTo cqeT npHJleT TOJihKO B KoHue MecHua. EcJIH noBeJeT, cqeTa HHOr.na npHXOMT JlaJKe qepe3 HeCKOJibKO Mecu~eB .
credit card ['kredit ka:d]
to decide [ di'said]
to worry ['wAri]
foreign ['forin]

useful nu:sful]
bill [bil]

Kpe,nHTHaH KapTa
pelliaTb
6ecnoKOHTbCH
HHOCTpaHHaH
noJie3Hhrn; BbITO./lHblH
C'IeT

IlOJDKJ13HH yxo,nHT y Hae Ha TO, 'IT06hI KaK-HH6y,nh HCfiOJib30BaTb

BpeMH, KOTOpoe Mbl TihlTaJIHCb BbIHrpaTb B )KH3HeHHOH cnernKe. YHJIJI PoJl)Kep c (1879-1935), UHTaTa H3 Alno6Horpa>HH

:CTopB,.ll.OK CJIOB B npeAJIOJKeHHH: ,ll;ODOJIHeHHe

KaK H B pyccKoM H3hIKe, B attrJIHHCKOM ecTb npHMoe .nonoJIHeHHe

(6e3 npeMora) H KOCBeHHOe .nonoJIHeHHe (c npeMoroM). EcJIH
B npeJlJIO)KeHHH eCTh H npHMOe, H KOCBeHHOe ./lOilOJIHeHHe, nopH./lOK CJIOB npOH3BOJihHhlH:

I lent David my car. I lent my car to David.

KaK npaBHJIO, 6oJiee JlJIHHHOe .nonoJIHeHHe CTOHT B KOHUe npe.nJIO)KeHIDI. EcJIH B KOHeu; CTaBHTCH 6oJiee KOpoTKoe JlOilOJIBeHHe, OHO
TeM caMblM oco6o no.ll'IepKHBaeTCH. BHHMaHHe: ecJIH KOCBeHHoe .nonoJittettHe ynoTpe6JIHeTCH B IlOCTfi03HUHH, nepe.n HHM JlOJDKeH CTOHTb npeJlJlor to!

186

Wimbledon
Over the years there have been many surprises in
Wimbledon. Quite often an outsider fights his way to
C,""'->
the top and even beats the
favourite in the final. The
C.>
tournament starts in the
last week in June and
usually lasts for a fortnight, provided it does not
rain too much. The most
popular events are of
course the men's and
women's finals.

.-..

EXERCISE

Questions in Indirect Speech

Put the following questions into the indirect speech.
"Which firm are you working for?" They asked me ...
"How much money have you earned?" They tried to
find out ...
"Do you speak Italian?" They wanted to know .. .
"Have you any typing experience?" They asked . . .
"When can you start working?" They asked ...

187

YHM6JJ,ZJ,OH

Ha npornx emrn MHOrHX JieT a YHM6JLUOHe CJIY'-IMOCh MHoro tteoJKH.naHHOCTeit Hepe.nKo ayrcaH.nep npo6HBaJI .nopory ttasepx H.na:>Ke no6e)!()J.an a <t>Httane <t>asop1na. TypHHp ttaqHHaeTCH Bnocne.uHJOJO He)J,eJIJO HJOIDI 11 06hl'IHO npO)J,OJl)!(aeTC.H )J.Be He)J,eJIH, npH ycJIOBHH, qTo He CJIHUIKOM .no)!()J,JI11Bo. HaH6onee nonyAApHhJe
co6bITHH - KOHe~o :>Ke, ~CKHe 11 :>KeHCKHe <t>HHaJibHhie Hrphl.
surprise [s:l'praiz]
outsider [aut'said:l]
favourite ['feiv:lrit]
final ['fainl]
fortnight ['fa:tnait]
provided [prn'vaidid]
popular ['p:lpjufa]
event [i'vent]

C!OpnpH3, HeOJKH,IJ.aHHOCTh
ayrcaH.nep
<t>asopHT
<i>HHaJI
.nae tte.nenH
npH ycnoBHl1, qTo
nony~HhIH

co6hITHe

BonpocHTeJibHble npeAJIOlKeHHB B KOCBeHHOH pe'lll

flpeo6pa3yume npeiJ1w:>1eeHUfl 8 JCoceeHHYJO pe<tb:

They asked which firm I was working for. They tried to find out how much
money I had earned. They wanted to know ifl spoke Italian. They asked
if I had any typing experience. They asked when I could start working.
OHH cnpocHJIH, a KaKoH <t>11pMe .H pa60ra10. OHH IlhITaJIHCh BhIBCHHTh, CKOJlhKO .H 3apa6oTaJI. OHH XOTeJIH 3HaTh, fOBOPIO JIH .H noHTaJih.HHCKH. OHH cnpocHJIH MeH.H, YMeJO JIH .H neqaTaTh. OHH cnpoCHJIH, Kor.na .H CMOry npHCryTil1Th K pa6oTe.
~------ ,Wm

3HATOKOB

------~

AirrJIHHCKllJI DOCJIOBHUa

"Take care of the pence and the pounds will take care of themselves." - CMhICJI npH6JIH3HTeJihHO coorneTcrnyeT pyccKOH nocnosHue KoneliKa py6Jih 6epe:>KeT.

188

EXERCISE

Sentences with "but" and "however"

Finish the sentences with the appropriate verb:

1. John wants to see the football game,

but Mike _ _ __
2. The door is open, but the windows _ _ __
3. Peter didn't find a new job,
but his friend _ _ __
4. I can play tennis; my wife _ _ _ _ _ _ __
5. We haven't had lunch yet,
but everybody else _ _ __
6. We need not move into town,
but our neighbours _ _ __
7. Sue wants to go for a walk; Peter _ _ _ _ __

In the Beach Cafe

In Eric's and Lorna's holiday resort there are several
cafes and restaurants along the beach. They offer

everything from a glass

of beer to a five-course
meal. Loma and Eric have
discovered a small cafe
where they usually have a
cool refreshing drink after
sun-bathing and, when
they are hungry, a snack
for lunch.
o.

189

Ilpe.[1,J10:1Keam1 c "but" u "however"

3aKOHitume npeiJAoJICeHUR coomeemcmey10U1,UM ZAawAoM:

1. .[()KoH xoqeT CMOTpeTb <l>yr6on, a Ma:HK He xoqeT. - John wants

to see the football game, but Mike doesn't. 2. ,[J;Bepb OTKpbITa, a OKHa - HeT. - The door is open, but the windows aren't. 3. IlHTep He
Harnen HOBOH pa6oThl, aero .npyr Harnen. - Peter didn't find a new
job, but his friend did. 4. 51 )'MelO HrpaTb BTeHHHc; O,nHaKO MOH )!(eHa He )'MeeT. - I can play tennis; my wife, however, can't. 5. MbI eme
He o6e.nanH, a Bee OCTilJihHhle Y:>Ke noo6e.naJIH. - "\\e haven't had lunch
yet, but everybody else has. 6. HaM He H)')!(HO nepee3:>KaTb a ropo.n,
a HallIHM coce,n:HM H)')!(HO. - We need not move into town, but our
neighbours must. 7. Cbio xoqeT H.D:TH ryAATh, HO IlHrep He xoqeT. Sue wants to go for a walk; Peter, however, doesn't.

B IIJIIDKllOM Ka<l>e
Ha KYPOPTe, r.ne OT.D:hIXalOT 3pHK HJiopHa, MHoro IIJIIDKHhIX Ka<l>e
11 pecTopaHoB. TaM npe.nnaraeTCH Bee - OT CTaKaHa mrna .no o6e.na
H3 IlHTH 6mo.n. JiopHa 11 3pHK HalllJIH MaJieHbKOe Ka<l>e, r.ne OHH
06bNHO IlhlOT npOXJia,nHTeJibHble HanHTKH nocne COJIHeqHbIX BaHH
H, ecn11 nporono.nanHCh, 6epyr Ha o6e.n 3aKYCKH.
holiday resort ['h;,l~di ri'z;,:t]
to offer [';,fa]
five-course meal
['faiv,b:s mi:l]
to discover [dis'kAv~]
refreshing [ri'freJIIJ]
sun-bathing ['sAnbeioil)]

KYPOPT
npe.nnaraTb
o6e.n H3 nHTH 6n10.n
o6ttapY:>KffBaTh, Haxo,nHTh
npoxna,nHTeJibHhlH
COJIHeqHbJe BaHHhl

190

Public Transport
In the 1950s trams were regarded as old-fashioned in
Britain and most cities set about replacing them with
buses. By 1962 there was
just one real tramway left
in Britain - in Blackpool.
However, city councils
have recently begun to
realize that light rail
systems could be a more
evironmentally friendly
way of carrying commuters than the bus or
private car.

EXERCISE
Prepositions
Complete the following sentences by inserting
at, for, in, round, on as needed:
1. It takes hours to go
a big store.
2. I want you to call
the dairy on your way
home.
3. I heard somebody calling
help.
4. Look
all the people
that car!
I wonder what is going
.
5. You pay
your purchases
the
cash-desk
the ground floor.

191

0611.1,eCTBellllblii: Tp3HCDOpT
B 1950-e ro.nhI TPaMBaH C'lllTaJIHCh B BeJ1HK06p1namm crnpoMo.nHhIMH, H 60JlhlllHHCTBO ropo,ll.OB Haqano 3aMeH51Tb HX aBT06ycaMH.
K 1962 r. B opHTaHHH OCTaJJaCh Bcero O,!J.Ha HaCT051III<UI TPaMBaifH<UI JIHHH51 - B 0J1:3KIIYJ1e. 0.nHaKo B nocne.nHee BpeM51 ropo.ncKHe
BJlaCTH Haqan11 TIOHHMaTb, qTo nerKHe peJlbCOBbie CHCTeMbl - 60nee 3KOJl0f}fqeCKH qlfCTblH cnoco6 ,!J.OCTaBKH naccIDKHpOB, qeM aBT06yc HJIH qacTHbIH aBTOM06HJlb.
tramway ['trremwei]
city council ['siti'kaunsl]
environmentally friendly
[ in,vafar:m'ment.,li]
commuter [k.,'mju:t.,]

TPaMBaif, TPaMBaHH<UJ JIHHH51

ropo,nCKOH COBeT, ropo.ncKHe
BJlaCTH
3KOJIOfHqecKH 6naronpH51THhIH
naccaxttp

Ilpe)J,Jlom
J(ono11Hume C11ei}y1014ue npeiJ110JK:eHwt, BcmaB/lJlR
B nponycKu at, for, in, round, on:

l. It takes hours to go round a big store.

2. I want you to call at the dairy un your way home.
3. I heard somebody calling for help.
4. Look at all the people in that car! I wonder what is going on.
5. You pay for your purchases at the cash-desk on the ground floor.

1. Iloxo.n B 60JlblllOH yttHBepMar 3aHHMaeT He O,lJ.HH qac.

2. 51 XOTeJla 6bI, qT06bI Tbl Ha o6paTHOM rryrn 3allleJI B MOJIOqHbIH
I
Mara3HH.
3. 51 CJlhllllaJJ, qTo KTO-TO 30BeT Ha TIOMOUlh.
4. IlocMOTPH Ha mo.ne.H B TOH MaIIIHHe! llHTepeCHO, qrn TaM
ITpOHCXO,!J.HT.
5. Bbl MO:lKeTe OITJlaTHTb BaIUH TIOKYITKH B Kacce UOKOJlhHOfO
3TIDKa.
192

187
A Cheese Shop
There's a little shop near Tom and Lyn's house which
specializes in all different kinds of cheeses. Tom and
Lyn both enjoy eating
cheese and discovering
new flavours and are
therefore frequent customers in the shop. The
man who owns the shop
is always pleased to see
them, as they usually
buy quite a lot of cheese
and spend quite a bit
of money.

188

"Facts do not cease to exist

because they are ignored:'
Aldous Huxley

7 - AHrm1i1cKall rpaM MarnKa wyrsi

Mara3HH CbipbI
Psr,n,oM c .n:oMoM ToMa 11 JI1rn ecTh Mara:nnl'IMK, crreuttanM3aUIDI KoToporo - pa3Hble copTa Cbipa. TOM M JlMH o6o)((aIOT eCTb Chip M OTKpbIBaTb HOBbie apoMaTbl M llOTOMY lJaCTO 3axO.UHT B 3TOT Mara3HH.
Bna.n:eJieu MaraJMHa acer.n:a pa.n: HX BM.lleTh, TaK KaK OHM o6bilJHO rroKYITaIOT MHoro Cb1pa M TParnT HeMano .n:eHer.
to specialize in ['spef~laiz]
to enjoy [in'd3:>i]
to discover [ dis'kAv~]
flavour ['fleiv~]
frequent ['fri:kw~nt]
customer ['kAst~m~]
to own [oun]

crreuMaJIM3MpOBaTbCR. Ha lJeM-JI.
HaCJiruK,UaTbCR., 110JIYl!aTb
y.n:oaoJibCTBMe
OTKPhIBaTb
Jarrax, apoMaT
lJaCTbIH
KJIMeHT
BJia)leTb

<l>aKThl He rrepeCTaIOT cymecTBOBaTb OTTOro, 'ITO c HMMH He ClJMTaIOTCR.. - 0MOC XaKCJIH (1894-1963), aHrJIHMCKMM poMaHHCT

Heonpe.n;eJieHHLiii apTmruL

They are 10 pence a pound.- OHM CTOHT l 0 nettcoa 3a cpyHT.

This beer is 25 pence a bottle. - IlMBO CTOHT 25 rreHcoa 6YThmKa.
I get 8 an hour. - 51 3apa6aTbIBaIO 8 <l>YHTOB a qac.
How many English lessons do you have a week? - CKOJihKO ypoKoB
aHfJIMHCKOro y Te6R. B He.n:eJIIO?

_)

Heorrpe.n:eneHHhIM apTHKJih a B03HMK H3 lJHCJIMTeJibHoro O.UMH

(opeeHeaH211. iin, aH211. one). Ero HCKOHHoe 3HalJeHHe eII1e npocne)((HBaeTcH a Mepax aeca, MHHhI 11 o6o3HalJeHHR.X apeMeHH, a KpoMe Toro, B COlJeTaHMR.X THrra in a word - O.UHMM CJIOBOM, two at
a time - .n:aa 3a O.UHH pa3, in a month or two - 'Iepe3 O.UHH-.n:aa
MecHua, we are of an age - MhI o.n:Horo B03pacTa.

194

189
EXERCISE

Present Perfect or Simple Past?

Fill in the co"ect tenses of the verbs given in brackets:
1. Since 1980, we
(drive) to
Scotland for our holidays.
2. When I saw him last, he
(work)
as a teacher.
3. Last time, the journey
(take) us
two hours.
4. I
(tell) him to go to the Museum
of Modern Art on his next trip to New York.
5. I
(be not) to the cinema since I
last saw you.

190
A Ball
Lyn and Tom arrive at the ball which has been organized by their dancing school. Once inside the
ballroom, they see a few
people they recognize
standing at the bar.
When the band starts
to play, everyone puts
down his drink and
makes his way to the
dancefloor to show what
he has learned in the
dancing lessons over the
last few months.
195

189
Present Perfect HJIH Simple Past?
JJocmaebme 2/IOWJlbt e cK061cax e HY:>K:HOM epeMeHu:

1. Since 1980, we have been driving to Scotland for our holidays.

2. When I saw him last, he was working as a teacher.
3. Last time, the journey took us two hours.
4. I told him to go to the Museum of Modem Art on his next trip to
New York.

5. I have not been to the cinema since I last saw you.

1. c 1980 r. Mbl e3)lHM B OTITYCK B IlloTJiaH)lHIO.
2. Kor)la SI rrocJie)lHHH pa3 ero Bl1)leJI, OH pa6oTan yq11TeJieM.

3. B rrocne)lHHH pa3 rroeJ)lKa JaHSIJia y Hae )lBa qaca.

4. 5l CKa3aJI eMy, 'IT06hI OH noceTl1JI My3eif COBpeMeHHOro HCKYCCTBa, KOf)la 6y)leT B HblO-HOpKe B CJie)lylOIUHH pa3.

5. 5l He 6bm B KHHO c Tex nop, KaK nocne)lHHH pa3 Te6SI Bl1)leJI.

EaJI
n11H 11 TOM nptteXaJIH Ha 6an, opraHH30BaHHbIH HX IIIKOJIOH TIIBUeB. 0Ka3aBIIIHCb B 3aJie, OHH BH)lSIT B03Jle 6apa HeKOTOpbIX JIIO)leH,
c KOTOpblMH 3HaKOMbl. Kor)la aHCaM6Jib Ha'IHHaeT ttrpaTb, Bee OTCTaBJISllOT CBOH HaITHTKl1 H HanpaBJISllOTCSI Ha TaHUITOJI, 'IT06hl noKa3aTb, qeMY oHH Hayq11JIHCh Ha ypoKax TattueB Ja nocJie.llHHe HeCKOJihKO MecsiueB.
to organize ['::>:g;maiz]
ball-room ['b::>:lrum]
to recognize ['rek~gnaiz]
dancefloor ['da:nsfl::>:]

opraHtt3oBaTb
Jan, noMemeHHe .u;rn TaHueB
Y3HaBaTb
TaHU:ITOJI

196

EXERCISE

Prepositions after "get"

Complete the sentences:

1) I don't know what you mean.

What are you getting
?
2) We got
the car and drove off.
3) We must get _ _ _ at the next station.
4) How does he get
in his job?
5) She hasn't got
this shock yet.
6) I got father
to lend me the car.

192
The Cruise Ship
Pete: I think the ship which we will be travelling on is
over there.
Sue: I didn't realize that
it would be so big.
Pete: It would have to be
quite large to take
so many passengers. It also has a
swimming pool
and casino on
board.
Sue: I can't wait to get
on board!
197

Ilpe,!l,Jlom noCJie "get"

,l(ono1mume npeiJ110J1CeHW1:

1. I don' t know what you mean. What are you getting at?
2. We got into the car and drove off.
3. We must get off at the next station.
4. How does he get on in his job?
5. She hasn't got over this shock yet.
6. I got father round to lend me the car.
l . H He nott11Ma10, lJTO Thi HMeelllh a a11.ny. Ky.u.a Thi KJTOHHlllh?
2. MM c" mf a MalllHHy H yexaJIH.

3. HaM .1y)l(HO BbIXO.U.HTh Ha cne.ll.YIOmetf CTaHUHH.

4. KaK 0!-l npo.u.awraeTcSi: no c.JIY)[(6e?

5. Otta :."Ul,e He onpaaHJiach OT lllOKa.

6. JI yr ullOpHJI OTUa O.U.O.JDKJ1Tb MHe Mallll1Hy.

Kpyn3HLIH ;iauuep
CTHT:
Cbio:

Tl11T:
Chio:

51 .u.yMaJO, Kopa6nb, Ha KOTOpOM Mb! IlOilJlblBeM, BOH TaM.

51 He npe.u.crnruuIJia, lJTO OH MO)!(eT 6hITh TaKHM orpoMHhIM.
OH .u.omKeH 6bITh J.toaoJibHO 60JiblllHM, lJT06b1 B3HTh CTOJlhKo naccID!G!poa. A eme y Hero Ha 6opzy ecTb 6accettH
H Ka3HHO.
)l(ey He .U.O)!(.ll.YCh noca.u.KH!

to travel ['trrevl]
to realize ['ri;)laiz]
quite [kwait]
large [la:d3]
passenger ['presind3;) I
casino [k;)'si:nou]

IlYTellleCTBOBaTh
npe.u.cTaBJUJTh, noHHMaTh
JlOBOJihHO
60JThll1011
naccID!G!p
Ka3HHO

198

193

Pete:
Sue:

Pete:

I suppose I should have given the steward a

tip.
You can give
him something
if we have anything brought to
the cabin.
I will do that. I
suppose you get
better service
when you give
the people a tip
at the start.

194
EXERCISE - - - - -

Translation
Translate the following sentences into English, paying
attention to the position of adverbs:

1. 51 cpa3y .LJ.aM e:H n11cbMO.

2. 3asTpa MbI e.LJ.eM B JlOH.ll.OH; TaM MbI noceTHM EpHTaHCKHH M)'3eH.

3. <l>IDibM 6bIJI Kpaiiue HHTepeCHbIM.

4. 51 Mory TOJlbKO CKa3aTb Te6e TO, 'lTO OH CKa3aJI.
5. Ott noKHttyJI cso:H po.LI.HOH ropo.LJ., '1T06bI HHKOrM

6.

6onhIIIe TY.LI.a He B03BpamaThC51.

OttH qacTo XO.ll.51T ryMTb BMecTe.

199

n1n:
Cb10:
Il1n:

H .U)'MaJO, MHe H)')KHO 6bIJlO 6hI .uaTb CT!OapJJ,y Ha '!alt

TbI MO)((ell!b eMY 'ITO-m16y.uh .uaTb, Koma HaM HYXHO 6y.ueT 'ITO-TO np1rnecn1 B Ka10zy.
5I TaK 11 c.uena10. MHe KIDKeTcSI, Te6si 6y.uyT JlY'!llle o6cny)IGIBaTh, ecnH Thi cpa3y .ualllh Ha 'laH.

tip [tip]
to suppose [s~'pouz]
to have sth brought [br::i:t]
service ['s~:vis]
at the start [sta:t]

qaeab1e
npe.unonaraTb
tty)l(}{O 'ITO-Jl. np11HeCTH
o6cn~BaH 11e
a Ha'lane

194
Ilepeeo.LJ.
llepeeeaume CJ1eay10~ue npeaAo:JK:eHUR, 06pa~OJ1 BHUMaHue Ha Mecmo Hape1tuu:

1. I will give her the letter immediately.

2. Tomorrow we will go to London; there we will visit the British
Museum.
3. The film was extremely interesting.
4. I can only tell you what he said.
5. He left his home town never to return there again.
6. They often take a walk together.

.--------- - YfOJJOK 3KCilEPTA - -- -- - .

An Idiom
to be out of one's depth - 6bITh 6ecnoMOIUHhIM, nnaaaTb
(e 1Ca1CoM-Au60 eonpoce, o6Aacmu um.a.)

200

195

"Drama is life
with the dull bits
cut out."
Alfred Hitchcock

196

A Day Trip
Pete: Now that the ship has anchored we can go ashore
and have a look around the town.
Sue: Are there any special places of interest which we
should go and see?
Pete: The market is
supposed to be very
colouiful. Let's go
there first and see
if we can buy some
souvenirs.

201

tlpaMa - 3TO )1Gf3Hb, OTK)',ll,a Bblpe3aHbl CK)"-IHbie 311M30,llbl. -Anb<t>pe.n Xwn<oK ( 1899-1980), Bbl.lla!OIUHHC51 aHfJJO-aMepHKaHCKHH KHHope)l(J1CCep

fepyimun DOCJIC npe,ll,JIO:IKHbIX KOHCTpYKJUIH

nocne rnarOJJOB, npHJJaraTeJlbHbIX H cymecTBHTeJJbHbIX, TeCHO CB513aHHh!X c npe,ll,JlOfOM, ,llOJDKeH ynorpe6JUITbC51 repyH,ll,HH.
Hanp11Mep: rnaron + npe,ll,Jlor

to depend on, to keep on, to put of!, to succeed in, to go on, to look forward to
Hanp11Mep: npHJJaraTeJJhHoe

+ npe,ll,Jlor

to be good at, to be fond of, to be clever at, to be interested in, to be fed

up with
Hanp11Mep: cymecTBHTeJlhHoe

+ npe,ll,Jlor

chance of, difficulty in, reputation/or, method of, tradition of

196
,11.neenaH 3KCKypCIDI

TI11T:
Cb10:
TI11T:

Teneph, Kor.na Kopa6n b Ha .s:iKope, MbI MO)l(eM coi1TH Ha

6eper 11 ocMorpeTh ropo.u.
TaM ecTb KaKHe-To oco6b1e .nocTonp11Me'laTenhHOCTH, KoTopb1e HaM cne.nyeT OCMOTpeTb?
PhIHOK, ,ll,OJl)l(HO 6bITh, o'leHb KonopHTHhIH. ,il.aBai1 ctta'lana CXO,ll,HM Ty.ua H noCMOTpHM, MO)l(HO JlH TaM KYHHTb
CYBeHHpbI.

to anchor ['rel)k~]
to go ashore [ ~j::>:]
special ['spef::il]
place of interest
[pleis] ['intrist]
colourful ['kAl::iful]
souvenir ['su:v::infa]

CTaHOBHTbC51 Ha 51KOpb
CXO,llHTb Ha 6eper
OC06bIH, oco6eHHblH
,ll,OCTonpHMe'laTeJlbHOCTb
KpaCO'lHhIM; KOJIOpHTHhIH
CYBem1p

202

EXERCISE
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English:
I.

B'lepa MhI He CMonrn noHTH B 3oonapK. HH'lero, Mbl TO:>Ke He CMOfJl11.

2. ,[(eTH XOTem1 TIOCMOTpeTb CJIOHeHKa. ,[(a, Mb! TO:lKe.

3. B BhXO.UHhie MhI

yCTpa11saJI11 6ap6eKIO B ca.ay. -

Mb1 TO:lKe.

4.

HOBblH KHH011JlbM MHe He noHpaBHJICSI . MoeMy ChIHY TO:lKe.

198
Dinner
Sue: The food in the ship's restaurant is absolutely
marvellous.

Pete: It is like eating in a

five star hotel. We
will probably weigh
twice as much when
we get home again.
Sue: You don't always
have to take so
much. Sometimes
you give the impression that you haven 't
had anything to eat
fora week.
203

197
Ilepeeo)J.
IJepeBeoume CAeOyJOU(Ue npeoAo'JICeHWl:

1. We couldn't go to the zoo yesterday. - That doesn't matter.

Nor could we.
2. The children wanted to see the baby elephant. - So did we.
3. We had a barbecue in the garden at the weekend. - So did we.
4. I didn't like the new film. - Nor did my son.

~----- YrOnOK 3KCilEPTA -----~ .

Idioms with 'Square'
to be a square peg
- 6bITb He Ha (CBOeM) MeCTe
in a round hole
- IlbITaTbCH c.uenaTb HeB03to square the circle
Mo:lKHOe (cp.: HCKaTb KBa,llparypy KPyra)

198
06e)J.
Cb10:
IlwT:
CbIO:

E.ua B Kopa6enhHOM pecrnpaHe npocrn CKa30"lJHaH.

KaK B nHTH3Be3.llOlJHOM OTene . .Uon)l(HO 6bITh, MhI 6y.ueM
BeCHTb B.llBOe 60Jibllle, KOf.llil BepHeMCH .llOMOH.
Te6e He CTOHT BCe BpeMH 6paTh TaK MHOro e,llbl. YlHor.ua
KIDKeTCH, 'ITO Thi He.uemo He en.

absolutely ['rebs;)lu:tli]
marvellous ['ma:vil;)s]
to weigh [wei]
twice [twais]
to give the impression
[im'pref;)n]

a6COJIIOTHO, COBepllleHHO,
6e3yCJIOBHO
'l)'.lleCHbIH, CKa30'IHbIH
BeCHTb
.llBIDK.llbl, B.llBOe
npOH3BO.llHTb Bne'IaTJieHHe

204

''Ask yourself
whether you are happy,
and you cease to be so."
John Stuart Mill

200
Trade Winds
Sue: It's good that there is always a breeze, otherwise
the heat would be unbearable.
Pete: Yes, the trade
winds are quite
pleasant, but they
are also dangerous,
because you don't
v "
feel the heat as
much.
Sue: I've always got
enough sun tan
lotion on so I won't
get sunburnt.
205

199
Cnpoc1ne ce651, ct.IaCTJJHBbI JIM Bbl, 11 cpa3y )Ke nepecTatteTe 6bITb
cqacTJIBBbIM. - )],)KOH CnoaPT Mmmb (1806-1873), octtoBaTeJib
06mecrna YTHJIHTap11cTOB, no3T 11 nMcaTeJJb, u11TaTa 113 ABT06110-

rpaqmm
Pa3JIM'laJOT ,nBa Bl1.lla JIM'IHbIX MeCTOHMeH11tl: Jil11:1Hbie MeCTOMMeH}ij{, ynoTpe6MeMbie B Kal.JeCTBe IlO,ll,Jie)l(amero, H JIH'IHhi e MeCTOHMeH}ij{, ynoTpe6MeMbJe KaK ,ll0fIOJIHeHM51:
MH.1.J.

E,ll.'L
,llOITOJJHeHHe

KaK
no)l)le)l(amee

KaK
llOfIOJIHeHHe

you

me
you

we
you

us
you

he
she
it

him (M.p.)
her ()l(.p.)
it

they

them

(Heo,nymeBJJeHHhIH npe,nMeT)

200
IIaccaThI
Ch10:
IlMT:
Cb10:

Xopowo, 1.JTO see speM51 6pM3, MHal.Je )Kapa 6hma 6b1 HeBhIHOCMMOH.
)la, naccaThl ,llOBOJJhHO IlPIDJTHhl, HO OHM H onaCHbl, noTOMy 1.JTO Thl He t.IYBCTByeUih neperpesa.
.H Bcer,na HaKJiauhrnaio MHoro KPeMa OT 3arapa, TaK 'ITO
SI He 06rop10.

trade wind ['treid wind]

breeze [bri:z]
unbearable [An'be~r~bl]
pleasant ['pleznt]
dangerous ['deind3f~S]
sunburnt ['sAnb~:nt]

naccaT
6pH3, JJer KHH BeTepoK
HeBhIHOCHMbIH
np}ij{THbIH
onacHhill
o6ropeBlllHM Ha COJIHUe

206

EXERCISE

Prepositions with "look"

Complete the following sentences:
1. Who will look
the children tonight?
2. I'm looking
my glasses. I can't find them.
3. I look
him as a good friend.
4. Look
for the traffic.
5. Don't disturb him, look _ _ _ your own work.
6. When you come to London next time,
just look _ __

202
In the Harbour
The ship has anchored for two days to allow the
passengers to do some sightseeing. When Sue and
Pete step from the gangway onto solid ground they
have a strange feeling in their legs after having been
on board a ship
for so long. They
hail a taxi and ask
the driver to take
them into the
town centre to a
good restaurant.

207

201
Ilpe,ll,Jlom c maroJIOM look
J(onom1ume CAe()yJOw,ue npeiJAo:J1CeHUJ1:

1. Who will look after the children tonight?

2. I'm looking for my glasses. I can't find them.
3. I look upon him as a good friend.
4. Look out for the traffic.
5. Don't disturb him, look at your own work.
6. When you come to London next time, just look in.
1. KTO npHCMO'fPHT 3a .neTbMH cero,UIDI Be'lepoM?

2. 51 HIUY CBOH O'IKH. 51 He Mory HX HaHTH.

3. 51 C'lHTaJO ero CBOHM xopOlUHM .npyroM.
4. 06paTH BHHMaHHe Ha .nopO)!(}{Oe .UBIDKeHHe.
5. He Melllai1 eMy, 3aifMHcb CBoei1 co6cTBeHHOi1 pa6oTOi1.
6. Kor.na Thi B cne.nyJOIUHH pa3 6y.nernh B Jlott.noHe, Jaxo.nH.

202
B DOPTY
Kopa6Jlb Ha ,UBa .UIDI CTaJI Ha HKOpb, 'lT06bI naccrut<Hpbl MOrJIH coBeplllHTb 3KCKYPCHH. Kor.na Cb10 H IIHT cxo,UHT c 'Tpana Ha TBep.nyJO TIO'lBy, y HHX B HOrax C'TpaHHoe OIUYIUeHHe TIOCJie CTOJib .UOJIroro npe6bIBaHHH Ha 60PTY 0HH JIOBHT TaKCH H npOCHT BO.UHTeJIH
oTBe3TH HX B ueHTP ropo.na K xoporneMY pecTOpatty.

harbour ['ha:b;:i]
gangway ['gret)wei]
solid ['s::>lid]
ground [graund]
strange [streind3]
to hail a taxi [heil]

raBaHb, nopT
'Tpan
npO'IHbIH, TBep,UbIH
TIO'lBa, 3eMJIH
C'TpaHHbIH
JIOBHTb, OCTaHOBHTb TaKCH

208

203

"History is a nightmare
from which I am trying to awake:'
James Joyce

204

An English City
This city on the river Tyne is the heart of "Geordieland" as the locals call it. Although bagpipes are
normally associated with Scotland, this English city
has the only bagpipe museum in the world. There are
also a lot of art galleries exhibiting famous paintings
and sculptures from all over the world. A short drive
from this city is Washington where the family of the
first president of the USA originated from.

What is the name of this city ?

209

HcropJ.UI - 3TO KOlllMap, OT KOTOporo SI ITbITIUOCb rrpo6y)J.HTbCSI. (1882-1941), HpJiaH)J.CKHH IIHCaTeJib, H3 poMaHa
YJIHCC

~eHMC ~OHC

YnoTpe6JieHHe Present Perfect

Loma has always wanted to visit the British Museum.
I've never believed that ridiculous story.
How long have you known Peter?
Lyn and Tom have been married for four years now.
Sue has had a cold since last week.

Present Peifect yrroTpe6JIS1eTcsi c rnaronaMH cocTOSIHHSI, -no6b1 BbIpa3HTh Ha'lG.110 KaKoro-TO )J.eHCTBIDI B npollIJIOM H npodOJ!JICeHue ew
6 HacmoJIUl,eM. qacTo Present Peifect yrrOTpe6JUieTCSI co CJIOBaMH, yKa3blBaJOIIU1MH Ha BpeMSI COBeprneHID! )J.eHCTBHSI, - always, never, how
long- H c coIOJaMH since wfor.

204
AurJIHHCKHH ropo,ll.
3roT ropoll Ha peKe TatiH - cepm.1,e ~op)J.HJieH)].a, KaK Ha3b1BaIOT 3TOT Kpati MeCTIIhre )l(HTeJIH. XoTsi BOJihIHKH 06b1qtto accou.wHPYIOTC5l c IIIornaH)].Heti, B 3TOM ropo)J.e ecTb e)J.HHCTBeHHhiti B MHpe MyJeti BOJibIHOK. TaM TaK)l(e MHoro KapTHHHhIX ranepeti, 3KcrroHHPYIOIUHX 3HaMeHHThie IIOJIOTHa H CKYJihIITYPhI co Bcero CBeTa.
Herro)J.aJieKY OT 3Toro ropo)J.a HaxOJJ.HTC5l BaIUHHITOH, POllOM H3 KOToporo 6bma ceMhSI rrepBoro rrpe3H)J.eHTa CIIIA. KaK Ha3hrnaeTcsi
3TOT ropo,LI,?

Newcastle-upon-Tyne
HhIOKacn-arroH -TaiiH

210

205
- - - - - EXERCISE

Translation
1. Mbl MO)l(eM cero.nIDI Bet.J:epoM IIOHTH B KHHO? Ha.ue10cb, 'ITO .ua.

2. TbI .n)'Maelllb, cero.nIDI set.J:epoM 6y.neT .UO)l(,!J,b? ,llyMalO, 'ITO HeT.

3. )l)l(OH C.LlaJl 3K3aMeH Ha BO.UHTeJlbCKHe npasa? Ilpe.nnonara10, 'ITO .ua.

4. IlHT ~e BhIITOJIOJI copIDIKH? - He .D.)'MaJO.

5. BhI CMO)l(eTe npHHTH Ha set.J:epHHKY K MatiKY cero.UH.H set.J:epoM? - Ha.ue10ch, 'ITO .aa.

206
A Caribbean Carnival Evening
Sue:
Pete:

Sue:

There is a poster hanging in the hotel lobby,

advertising a Caribbean
carnival evening.
We will have to
go there. It
sounds rather
interesting.
I'll ask at the
reception desk
where we can buy
tickets. I think
there's also a
buffet included.

211

205
Ilepeeo.LJ.
I . Can we go to the cinema tonight? - I hope so.
2. Do you think it's going to rain tonight? - I don 't think so.
3. Did John pass his driving test? - I suppose so.
4. Has Pete already done the weeding? - I don't think so.
5. Will you be able to come to Mike's party tonight? - I hope so.

. . - - - - - - - - YfOJIOK 3KCilEPTA - - - - - - .
Idioms with "edge"
to be (feel) on edge
6bITb BHeTepneHttn; BOJIHOBaTbCH, HepBHH'IaTb
to take the edge off sth
ocJia6HTb CHJIY, 3cp<PeKT
qero-JI.
to set sb's teeth on edge
Ha6HBaTb ocKOMHHY
(.l(eHCTBOBaTb Ha HepBbl,
peJaTb yxo)

Beqep Kapu6cKoro KapuaeaJia

Cbt0:
fl HT:
Cbt0:

B xomie rocTHHHUbI BHCHT IIJiaKaT - peKJiaMa seqepa KapH6CKoro KapttasaJia.

fipJil.l(eTCH HaM CXO.!I.liTb. 3ByqJi!T JaMaH'IHBO.
51 cnporny y CTOHKH, r.l(e MO:>KHo 1<y1mTb 6HJieTbI. 51 J.IYMalO, ry.l(a BXO,l(Ji!T Ji! 6ycpeT.

carnival ['ka:nival]
lobby ['bbi]
to advertise ['IBdvataiz]
reception desk
[ri'sepfan desk]
buffet ['bufei]
included [in'klu:did]

KapHaBaJI
XOJIJI fOCTHHHUbI
H3Bew.aTh,06nHBJIHTb
CTOHKa pemcrpaUHH
6y<PeT
BKJIIO'leHHbIB

212

207

"When men understand

what each other mean,
they see, for the most part,
that controversy is either
superfluous or hopeless."
Cardinal John Henry Newman

208
Metal Recycling
Sue:
Pete:
Sue:

All these cans have a recycling sign on them, but l

don't know where the nearest container is.
I think that all the metal cans are drawn out of
the household rubbish by a large magnet to be
recycled.
It would be
better if we all
produced less
rubbish in the
first place.
=~

213

"'

<:>

Kor.ua JUO.L(H IlOHHMalOT, 'ITO KIDK.l(bIH H3 HHX HMeeT B BH.L(y, OHH

60JihIIIeH '!aCTblO BH.L(SIT, 'ITO cnopHTh JIH6o H3JIHIIIHe, JIH60 6e3Ha.L(e)ICHO. - Kap.UHHaJI ,U)l(OH feHpH HhIOMeH (1801-1890), aHrn11i1:CKHH 6orocJioB, 113 nponose.uH 1839 r.

CoKparn.enuL1e npe,nJIOJKemrn c so mm not

Kor.ua sonpoc nmuneH, BMecTo noJIHoro npeMO)l(eHIDI c co10JOM

that nocJie TaKHX rnaroJioB, KaK think, suppose, hope, MO)ICHO ynoTpe6HTh so HJIH not. HanpHMep:
1. Will my car be ready by tonight? Well, we suppose so.
2. Did you pass your exam? I hope so.
3. Is Jack back? I don't think so.
4. Do you think it'll rain at the weekend? I hope not.

Ilepepa6oTKa MeTaJIJia
Ch10:
IT11T:
Ch10:

Ha scex 3THX )l(eCTHHKax JHaK nepepa6oTKa, HOH He

3Hal0, r.ue 6JIH)l(aHIIIHH KOHTeHHep.
51 .uyMaIO, 'ITO ace MeTaJIJiwrecKHe 6aHKH HJBJieKaIOT H3
6bITOBOf0 Mycopa 60JibllIHM MarHHTOM .L(JIH nepepa6on<H.
Ehmo 6bI xopoIIIo, ecJIH 6bI B ntPBYIO oqepe.uh MhI see
MeHhIIIe copHJIH.

to recycle [ri'saikl]
can [kren]
container [k:m'tein~]
to draw out [dr::>:]
magnet ['mregnit]
in the first place

nepepa6aTbIBaTh
KOHCepBHaH 6aHKa, 6aHKa
H3-rIO.U HanHTKOB, )l(eCTHHKa
KOHTeHHep
HJBJieKaTh, BhIHHMaTh
MarHHT
B rrepBYIQ oqepe.uh,
npe)l(.L(e acero

214

209

Visiting a Cave
Sue: We must be at the cave soon according to this map.
Pete: I don't know why we are going to visit an old
damp, musty cave anyway.
Sue: In the travel guide it says that natives used to live
there many
years ago.
Pete: Does that
mean that we
will pay money just to see
old pottery
and bones
lying around?

210
EXERCISE - - - - Translation
Translate the following sentences into English, paying attention
to the position ofpossessive pronouns:
I. 3To HeBe)KJU'iBO - pa3roBap11BaTb, .LJ,ep)l(a (CBOM, BaWM) pyirn B KapMaHax.

2. JlopHa BeJieJia.nernM CJUITb (CBOM, HX) 60THHKM, KOf.na OHM BepHyrCH c MrpOBOH IlJIOIIJ;C!,llKM.

3. IlpH aBapm1 aBTo6yca MHome nacCa)l(MpbI nom6n11

(6011ee 611u31Coe coomeemcmeue: paccTaJIMCb co cBoew
)1(113Hb10).
4. .LJ:)l(OH CJIOMaJI (ce6e, CB010) PYKY, KOr.na ynan co CBOero HOBOfO BeJIOCMne.na.

215

209
Ilocew.eHHe new,epw
CbJO:
TIHT:
CbJO:
TittT:

CornacHo 3TOH KapTe, Mhl cKopo 6y.ueM y rremepbI.

Boo6me He 3HaJO, 3alJeM MhI H,lleM B KaKYJO-TO cTapYJO,
rpH3HYJO, 3aTXJJYIO rrern:epy.
B rryTeBO.lliffeJie roBOPHTCH, no MHOro JieT HaJa.u TaM )f(HJIH ryJeMl{bl.
H 3TO JHalJHT, 'ITOHaM Izy)KHO IIJiaTHTh .ueHhfH TOJihKO Ja
TO, lJT06bI IIOCMOTpeTb Ha TaMOlllHHe CTapbre ropIIIKH
H KOCTH BOKpyr HID:?

cave [keiv]
according [~'b:dit)]
map [mrep]
damp [dremp]
musty ('mAsti]
native ['neitiv]
pottery ['p::it~ri]
bone [boun]

rremepa
corJiaCHO, ITO
KapTa
BJIIDKHbIH, .llYIIIHblH
JaTXJihIH, JaIIJiecHeBeJiblH
ry3eMeu; KOpeHHOH )f(HTeJib
KepaM11Ka
KOCTb

Ilepeeo~

llepe6edume CJ1ei)y10w.ue npeiJAoJICeHUR, o6paw.a.R oco6oe BHUMaHue Ha

npumJ1J1CameAbHbte MecmoUMeHuR:

l. It is impolite to talk with your hands in your pockets.

2. Lorna asked the children to take their shdes off when they came
back from the playground.
3. In a bus accident many passengers lost their lives.
4. John broke his arm when he fell down off his new bike.

~-----

YfOJIOK 3KCTIEPTA -----~

An Idiom
to give s.o. the creeps- JaCTaBITTb KOro-JI. co.upofHYTbCR, rrolJ)'BCTBOBaTb MYPaUIKH Ha TeJie

216

211

A Street Party

At the annual street party Tom has agreed to help at

the barbecue. Everybody seems to be hungry at the
same time and the barbecue stall is always surrounded by lots of people.
Tom is kept very busy
grilling sausages and
steaks. When he is relieved from his duties, he
is so hot from standing
beside the charcoal that
the first thing he does is
head for the beer tent.

- - - - - EXERCISE - - - - lhmslation
Translate the following sentences into English:
1. 51 npo'IHTaJI raJery. Mo.lKelllb BJSJTb ee, ec1m xo'lelllb.
2. CeMbSJ MHJIBep yllIJia Ja noJCYI1KaMH, TaK 'ITO ceJ:l:qac
HHKOfO HeT )l;OMa.
3. IlHTep Y.lKe npttcJiaJI MHe .u;Be OTKPhITKH HJ oTnycKa.
4. nuH BCer,u;a XOTeJia noceTHTb MY3eH MeTPOOOJIHTeH.
5. ToM c npollIJIOH tte,u;eJIH npocry.ll<.eH.

217

211
YJIH11HbIH npa3,LUIHK

Ha e)l(efO).J.HOM ymtl!HOM npaJ).J.HHKe ToM cornawaeTcH noMoraTh

c ycTpoiicTBOM 6ap6eKJO. KIDKeTcH, l!TO Bee O).J.HOBpeMeHHO nporoJIO).J.aJlHCh, 11 rpHJih nocTOHHHO oKp~eH MHO)l(eCTBOM JIJO).J.eM. ToM
Ol!eHb 3aHHT no).J.)l(ap11BamteM KOJI6acoK M611<t>wTeKCOB. Kor).J.a OH
OCB060)l().J.aeTCH OT CBOHX o6H3aHHOCTeH, eMy TaK )l(apKO OT ).J.OJlfOro CTOHHHH y )l(apOBHM, l!TO OH nepBblM ).J.eJIOM YCTPeMJU1eTC5I KTeHTY, r).J.e npo).J.aJOT nMBO.
annual ['renjugl]
hungry ['hAI)gri]
to surround [sg'raund]
to relieve [ri'li:v]
duty ['dju:ti]
charcoal ['tfa:koul]
to head for [hed]

e)l(efO).J.HblM
fOJIO).J.HhIM
OKpy)l(al b
OCB060)l().J.aTb
).J.OJir, 06H3aHHOCTb
).J.peBeCHbIMyrOJib
HanpaBJIHTbCH,YCTPeMJIHTbCH

212
Ilepeuo~

flepeeeoume CJ1eoy10U(ue npeiJ11o:J1CeHUR Ha aH211uucKuu fl3btK:

1. I've read the paper. You can have it if you like.

2. The Millers have gone shopping, so there's nobody at home now.
3. Peter has already sent me two postcards from holiday.
4. Lyn has always wanted to visit the Metropolitan Museum.
5. Tom has had a cold since last week1

--------,
. - - - - - - - - - YfOnOK 3KCTIEPTA

)J.po6u
)lecJ1TH'IHb1e

B aHrnHMCKOM 513hIKe, BOTJIHl!He OT pyccKoro, ).J.eC5ITHl!Hbie

.npo611 OT).J.eJIHJOTCH TOl!KOH:

point two five
0.25
nought point two five (BE)
zero point two five (AE)
five point oh six
5.06
six point three two
6.32

218

213
EXERCISE

Prepositions
Fill in the correct prepositions where necessary:

The Mi.illers often go to England _ _ their holiday.

Their hotel is close _ _ Kensington Gardens. Mr.
Mi.iller is fond _ _ Indian food, he could live _ _
curries _ _ weeks. His wife is interested _ _
places _ _ historic interest. Their son is keen _ _
going to the cinema, and he does not mind _ _
waiting _ _ a long queue _ _ tickets. _ _
their last days in London, the Mi.illers are always
busy _ _ buying souvenirs.

214
The Flight Home
Sue: Which films are they showing during the fligh t?
Pete: It should say in the on-board magazine. There
must be a list of
films and radio
programmes.
Sue: I hope I get a better
set of earphones
this time. I could
hardly understand
anything last time.

219

213
Ilpe)J.Jloru
BcmaBbme HYJICHblU npeiJAoz, ziJe 3mo Heo6xoiJUMo:

The Miillers often go to England for their holiday. Their hotel is close
to Kensington Gardens. Mr. Muller is fond of Indian food, he could
live on curries for weeks. His wife is interested in places of historic interest. Their son is keen on going to the cinema, and he does not mind
waiting in a long queue for tickets. On their last days in London, the
Miillers are always busy buying souvenirs.
CeMbH M10JIJiepos qacTo e3.U.HT B AHrn1110 B OTnycK. 11x rocTHHHua Haxo.ll,Ji!TcH oKono KeHCHHITOH-fap.n.eHc. f-H M10JIJiep JI106HT HH.u.11i1cKYJO KYXffJO, OH MO)l(eT He,ae.JUJMH rrMTaThCH KappM. Ero )!(eHa
JilHTepecyeTCH HCTOpM'IeCKMMM .ll,OCTOIIpMMelJaTeJibHOCTHMM. l1x CbIH
o60)l(aeT XO.UHTb B KJilHO, HOH He o6pamaeT BHMMamrn Ha ,UJIHHHYIO oqepe.n.b 3a 6HJieTaMH. B rrocne,aHMe .UHM npe6bIBaHMH B JloH.n.oHe ceMbH M10JIJiepoB scer.ua 3aHHTa IIOKJIIKOH cyseHMpos.

214
06paTHLIH peuc
CbJO:
IlMT:
CbJO:

KaKHe <i>HJihMbI rroKa3bIBaJOT so speMH nonern?

3To .uoJI)!(Ho coo6maTbCH B 6opTOBOM )!(ypHaJie. TaM .u.on)l(eH 6bJTb CIIHCOK <i>HJihMOB Ji! pa.u.HonporpaMM.
Ha.ueIOCb, KOMIIJieKT Hayn.IHHKoB y MeHH 6ynyr JIY'Illle, lJeM
B npoIIIJibIH pa3. Ilocne,UHMtl pa3 MHe e.usa y.uanocb l!TOTO IIOHHTb.

flight [flait]
magazine [,mreg;)'zi:n]
set [set]
earphones [fafouns]
hardly ['ha:dli]
understand [.And;}'strend]

rroneT, pe:Hc
)!(ypHaJI
Ha6op, KOMIIJieKT
HaynIHMKJil
c TpY.UOM, e.usa, ene
IIOHMMaTb

220

215
Weekend Guests
John is expecting two friends from Scotland to stay
with him for the weekend. They have arranged to
bring sleeping bags so that
John does not have too
much work with making
beds. They are travelling
by train, and John offered to pick them up
at the station, as this
is the first time they
are visiting John
since he moved house.

216
EXERCISE
Prepositions
Fill in the right prepositions (without, in, at, by,
about, to, at, with, in):

Mr and Mrs Miller had spent their holiday _ _ Italy.

Sue talked a lot
her future plans.
The train raced
top speed.
In England Mike was staying _ _ _ some friends.
The customs officer spoke
him
Greek.
The train was already waiting
platform No. 1.
We went on holiday
plane.
You cannot buy anything
paying for it.
221

215
fOCTH

ua BblXOAffblC

)],)!(OH O)f(}f)l,aeT JJ.Byx JJ.PY3ett 113 IlloTJiaH)J.1111 Kce6e B fOCTl1 Ha BhIXOJJ.Hhie. OH11 nor0Bop11J111ch, '-ITO rocT11 np11Be3YT c co6ol1 cnaJihHhie MernKH, TaK 'ITO ,Ll,)J(OHY He np11neTcH TPYJJ.11ThC51, roTOB51 nocTem1. ,l1,py3h51 np11e3)f(aJOT Ha noeJJJ.e, 11 ,l1,)J(oH npeJJ.J]O)J(J.1Jl BCTpeTl1Th HX Ha BOK3aJie, DOCKOJlhKY OHl1 snepBhie HaBemaJOT ,Ll,)J(OHa
c Tex nop, KaK OH nepeexan.
to expect [ik'spekt]
to stay [stei]
to arrange [g'reind3]
sleeping bag ['sli:pil) breg]
to travel by train
['trrevl] [trein]
to pick s.o. up [pik]
to move house [mu:v haus]

O)f(}f)l,aTh
npe6hIBaTh, HaXOJJ.HThC51
JJ.OfOBapHBaThC51
CilaJJhHhIH MeUIOK
DYTeUieCTBOBaTh noeJJJ.OM
BCTpeTI1Th Koro-JJ.

(Ha 60K30/le u m.n.)

nepeeJ)J(aTb

216
Ilpe)J,Jlom
3ano11Hume nponycKu npea11020Mu:

Mr and Mrs Miller had spent their holiday in Italy. (M- p 11 M11cc11c
M1mnep npoaen11 ornycK B I1Tan1111.)
Sue talked a lot about her future plans. (ChJO MHoro roBopHJia o CBOMX rmattax Ha 6ynymee.)
'
The train raced at top speed. (Tioe3JJ. exa.JI c npenenhHOtt cKopocTbJO.)
In England Mike was staying with some friends. (B AHm1111 MattK
)f(l1J1 y npy3eJ1.)
The customs officer spoke to him in Greek. (TaMO)!(eHHHK JarosoPHJI c HHM no-rpe'!eCKH.)
The train was already waiting at platform No. 1. (Tioe3JJ. ~e )!(JJ.aJJ
y IlJlaTCpopMhI N! 1.)
We went on holiday by plane. (MhI 0TnpaBMJ111Ch B omycK Ha caMoneTe.)
You cannot buy anything without paying for it. (HeJlb351 H11~ero KYnMTh, He 3ailJlaTJ1B 3a 3TO.)

222

EXERCISE
Simple Past or Present Perfect?
1. I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ him for over ten years. (know)
2. We
to bed at eleven o'clock last
night. (go)
3. Mr Smith _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the house two hours
ago. (leave)
4. After dinner last night, we
chess.
(play)
5. I
in the city all my life. (live)
6. He _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the newspaper yesterday.
(not read)

218
A Picnic
Since the weather is so nice, Sue and Pete pack some
sandwiches and drinks in a bag and cycle into the countryside for a picnic. They find a peaceful spot near a river,
far enough from the road. Pete has put a bottle of wine
into the bag as well,
but when he wants to
open the bottle, he
discovers that he has
forgotten to bring a
cork-screw.

223

Simple Past HJIH Present Perfect?

1. I have known him for over ten years.

2. We went to bed at eleven o'clock last night.

3. Mr Smith left the house two hours ago.
4. After dinner last night, we played chess.
5. I have lived in the city all my life.
6. He did not read the newspaper yesterday.

1. 51 3HaIO ero 6oJibllle ,JJ,eC.SITH JieT.

2. Bqepa MbI 11erntt crraTb B O,JJ,HHHa,JJ,UaTb qacoB Beqepa.
3. M-p CMHT BbillleJI H3 ,JJ,OMa ,JJ,Ba qaca tta3a,JJ,.
4. B'Iepa rroc11e }')KHHa MbI ttrpaJIH B ruaxMaTbI.
5. 51 npO)l(IDI B 3TOM ropo,JJ,e BCIO )J(113Hb.
6. B'Iepa OH He qttTaJI ra3ezy.

218
IlHKHHK

IlocKOJibKY noro,JJ,a TaKa.SI xoporua.SI, CbIO tt IlttT CKJia,JJ,brnaIOT BCYMKY 6YTep6pO;LJ;bl H HanHTKH He,JJ,YT Ha BeJIOCHne,JJ,ax 3a ropo,JJ, Ha OHKHHK. 0HH HaxO,JJ,.SIT THXOe MeCTelJKO y peKH, ,JJ,OCTaTOlJHO ,JJ,aJieKO OT
,JJ,Oporn. IlHT IlOJIO)l(IDI BCYMKY TaIOKe 6YThillKY BHHa, HO KOr,JJ,a OH
xoqeT ee OTKPhITh, o6Hap}')KHBaeT, qTo,3a6bill ruTOnop.

picnic ['piknik]
to cycle ['saikl]
countryside ['kAntrisaid]
peaceful ['pi:sful]
to discover [dis'kAv<i]
cork-screw ['b:kskru:]

IlHKHHK
e3,JJ,HTb Ha BeJIOCHne,JJ,e
ceJibCKa.SI MeCTHOCTb;
npttropo,JJ,
MHpHbIH, THXHH
o6Hap}')KHBaTh
lllTOITOp

224

Pictures from Holiday

Sue has invited some friends to look at holiday photos.
None of them are expert photographers so they all have
photos with lots of sea and sand and tiny figures lost in
the middle. However, the memories put them all into
the holiday mood
again so that they
look forward to next
year's holidays - and
holiday snapshots.

EXERCISE

Simple Past or Present Perfect?

Put the verbs in brackets into the co"ect tense.

1. The boys _ _ _ _ _ _ _ their rooms yet.

(not tidy)
2. She _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in her room since eleven
o'clock. (be)
3. I _ _ __ _ _ him last Monday. (meet)
4. Our friends
a few hours ago.
(a"ive)
5. I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ my alarm clock for six o'clock
yesterday. (set)

225

<l>oTorpaciHH H3 OTnyCKa

CbIO rrp11rnacHJia ;::i:py3eif, qT06bI rroKa3aTb <t>0Torpaqm11 113 oTrrycKa. Cpe;::i:11 HHX HeT OIIhITHhIX <t>oTorpa<t>oB, II03TOM}' y Bcex ecTh
<t>oTorpa<t>HH c Heo6o3pHMblM MOpeM H IIJIIDKeM H KPOIIIeqHbIMH
<l>ttrypKaMH rrocepe;::i:HHe. TeM He Mettee BOCIIOMHHaHJrn rrpHBOMT Bcex B KYPOPTHOe HaCTPOeHHe, H Bee HaquHaIOT rrpe.ll:BKYIIIaTh
OTIIYCK B CJieJl:YIOmeM ro;::i:y - H OTrryCKHbie CHHMKH.
expert ['eksp:):t]
photographer [ fa't:>gr:)fa]
tiny ['taini]
however [hau'ev:)]
holiday mood ['h3l:)di mu:d]
snapshot ['snrepf3t]

3KCIIePT, 3HaTOK
<t>oTOrpa<t>
KPOXOTHbIH, KporneqHbIH
O)l;HaKO, TeM He Mettee
OTrryCKHOe,KYPOPTHOe
HaCTPOeHHe
(JII06HTeJibCKHH) CHHMOK

Simple Past HJIH Present Perfect?

Ilocmaebme 2AOWAbl e cKo6Kax e HYJK:HOM epeMeHu:

l . The boys have not tidied their rooms yet. 2. She has been in her room
since eleven o'clock. 3. I met him last Monday. 4. Our friends arrived
a few hours ago. 5. I set my alarm clock for six o'clock yesterday.

1. MaJibqHKH eme He y6paJIHCh B CBOHX KOMHarnx. 2. Otta B csoeif KOMHaTe c O)l;HHHa,nu,ant: qacoB. 3. .sI BCTPeTHJI ero B rrpOIIIJihIH
rrotte;::i:eJibHHK. 4. Harnu Jl:PY3MI rrptt6bIJIH HeCKOJihKO qacos Ha3a,n.
5. Bqepa H rrocTaBHJI 6y;::i:HJihHHK Ha rnecTb qacoB.

226

"Better to remain silent

and be thought a fool
than to speak out
and remove all doubt."
Abraham Lincoln

A New Garden Hose

Tom: I'll have to buy a longer hose for the garden.
Lyn: The one we have has always been long enough.
Has it shrunk?
Tom: More or less. There
C~ ~ ~
were afiew holes
~
,,,,,
in it and I had to
cut sections out
and join the rests
together.
Lyn: It would be easier
if we had another
tap at the side of
the hose.
227

<Jlyqllle MOJP.IaTb H C'IHTaTbCSI r.rrynu,OM, He)l(eJIH BblCKa3bIBaTbCSI

J.1 OTMeTaTb Bee COMHeHIDI Ha 3TOT C'leT. - ABpaaM JlHHKOJlbH
( 1809-1865), lllecrna.nuaTbIH npe3H,UeHT C lIIA

Yno'rpe6Jieuue Simple Past

1. The first transatlantic flight took place over fifty years ago.
2. Did you listen to the news at ten? - No, I wasn't at home at that

time.

3. How did you like the football match (last night)?

4. Your camera looks expensive. How much did you pay for it?

5. When did Tom first meet Lyn? - When she was still at school.
Simple Past ynoTPe6JUieTCH WUI Bblpa)l(eHIDI .neiicTBIDI, npowcxo.nHBlllero B onpeaeAeHHblU MoMeHm o npow.1wM HJIJ.1 B paMKax 30MKHymo20 opeMeHHOZO ompe3Ka o npoUJAoM. KpoMe Toro, Simple Past ynoTpe6AAeTCSJ B oonpocax c COI030M when, KaCaJOII..UiXCSI .neHCTBJ.1H, npoHCXO.ll,HBlllero B npOlllAOM.

Hoehlii ca,ll,OBhIH WJiaur

ToM:
J111H:
ToM:
JlHH:

Mtte tty)l(HO KynHTb llIJlaHr no.lJ,JlHHHee.

ToT, qTO y Hae, 6bur .nocTaTO'IHO .ll.JIHHHbIH. Ott ycox?
Bpo.ne Toro. B HeM 6bmo HeCKOJibKO .U.bipoK, H Bbipe3aJI
KYCKJ.1 J.f coe.ll,HHHJI OCTaTKJ.1 BMeCTe.
obmo 6b1 Jiyqllle, eCJIH 6b1 y Hae 6bm e1I1e O.U.HH KpaH c6oKY
llIJlattra.

hose [houz]
to shrink [fril)k]
hole [houl]
section ['sekf:m]
to join [d3:Jin]
tap [trep]

llIJlaHr
YCbIXaTb, CMOPIIIHBaTbCH,
CTaHOBJ.1TbCSI KOpoqe
.U.bipa, .U.bipKa
qacTb; CeKUIDI
coe.nHHHTb
KpaH (ooaonpoooaHblu)

228

EXERCISE

Simple Past or Past Continuous?

1. He _ _ _ _ _ _ (stop) when the policeman
told him to.
2. He was caught by the police officer as
he
(break) into a shop.
(walk) along the
3. The policeman
road when he was suddenly attacked.
4. The car
(come up) to within a
few inches of the policeman
who
(direct) the traffic.

Sunburnt
Tom lay in the garden all afternoon and didn't realize
that the sun had been so hot until he went into the
house and looked at himself in the mirror. Lyn had
told him to put on some
suntan lotion if he was
going to lie around with
no shirt on, but Tom
insisted that he had never
been sunburnt in his life
- until today.

229

Simple Past

HJIH

Past Continuous?

1. He stopped when the policeman told him to.

2. He was caught by the police officer as he was breaking into a shop.
3. The policeman was walking along the road when he was suddenly
attacked.
4. The car came up to within a few inches of the policeman who was
directing the traffic.

l. OH OCTaHOBHJICH, KOr.n,a eM)' BeJieJI ITOJilH.(eHCKHH.

2. Ou 6bIJI 3a,aep)l(aH KOHCTe6JieM, Kor.n,a B3JlaMbIBaJI Mara3HH.
3. Ilomu..1;eiicKHi1: men no .nopore, Kor.na ua Hero aueJanuo HarranH.
4. MaIIIHHa OKa3aJiaCb B HeCKOJibKHX )l,JOHMax OT ITOJIHUeRCKOro, KOTOpbIH peryJIHpOBaJI .n,opO)l(HOe ,ll,BH)l(eHHe.

CoJiuequwii: o.H<:or
ToM ueJibIH ,neHb npoJie)l(aJI a ca.n,y H He rrpe.ncrnBJUlJI, 'ITO conHue
rretJeT TaK CHJibHO, IlOKa He 3aIIIeJI B )l,OM H He IlOCMOTpeJI Ha ce6a
B 3epKaJIO. JlHH roaopHJia eM)', 'IT06bI OH Rattee COJIHUe3all.(HTHbIH
KpeM, ecJIH co6HpaeTCH Jie)l(aTb 6e3 py6arnKH, uo ToM yrnep)!()l:an,
'ITO HHKor.na eme He o6ropan ... .no HbIHernuero ,nHH.
sunburnt ['sAilb;):nt]
to realize ['ri;)laiz]
mirror ['mirn]
suntan lotion
['sAntren 'louf;)n]
shirt [f;):t]
to insist [ in'sist]

ITOJIY'IHBIIIHH COJIHe'IHbIB 0)1(0r

ITOHHMaTb, npe,nCTaBJIHTb
3epKaJIO
COJIHUe3all.(11THbIH KpeM
py6arnKa
uacTaHBaTb,HaCTOHtJHBO
yrnep)!()l:aTh

230

Sunglasses
Lyn left her sunglasses in a wine-bar where she had
lunch with a friend. Lyn was rather annoyed as they
had been quite expensive.
Since she has difficulties
driving without sunglasses
she had to buy new ones.
When Tom heard about
the loss, he told Lyn to
buy a strap for the glasses
so that in future she could
hang them around her
neck instead of taking
them off.

"Perhaps no person
can be a poet, or
can even enjoy poetry,
without a certain
unsoundness of mind:'
Lord Thomas
Babington Macauly

231

Jhrn OCTaBHJia CBOH COJIHeqHbie oqKH B BHHHOM 6ape, r.u.e o6e.u.aJia c no.u.pyroit JlHH IIOpSl,ll;KOM pa3)1.0Ca.ll.OBaHa, IIOTOM}' qTo OHH
6hIJil1 )1.0BOJibHO .u.oporne. TiocKOJibK)' el!: TpYJ1.HO BO)J.HTb Manrntty
6e3 coJIHeqHhIX oqKoB, otta Bhitty)K)letta KYfll1Th HOBbie. Kor.u.a ToM
CJibllllHT 0 IIOTepe, OH COBeTyeT Jl11H KYIIHTb peMelllOK MH oqKoB,
qT06bI B 6y.u.yrn;eM HX MO)!(}{O 6bIJIO BelllaTb Ha lllelO, a He CHHMaTb.
sunglasses ['sAilgla:siz]
annoyed [;}'n:lid]
difficulty ['difihlti]
strap [ strrep]
neck [nek]
in future ['fju:tf;}]

COJIHeqHbie oqKH
pa3)1.proKeHHbIH,
pa3)1.0Ca.ll.OBaHHbIH
TpYJ1.HOCTb,npo6JieMa
peMeHb, peMellIOK
rneH
B 6y.ll.YllieM

B03M0)1(}10, Hl1 0)1.11H qeJIOBeK He MO)l(eT 6bITb II03TOM HJlH )1.roKe

HaCJia)l()J.aTbCH II033Heif, He o6Jia.u.aif OH HeKOH )1.0JieH 6e3YMH51. Jlop.u. ToMac fo611HITOH MaKOJIH ( 1800-1859), aHrJIHHCKHH rroJIHTHK 11 HCTOpHK, 113 <Jl11TepaTYPHbIX 3CCe ( MHJibTOH)

Since u for
I haven't seen Sue since last Christmas.
Lyn has been working in another office since last March.
Since KaK npeMor ynOTpe6JI51eTCH c yKaJaHIDIMH speMeHH - ttarrp11Mep, (six) o'clock, yesterday, last(night), Christmas, March H T..u.. OH11
orrpe.u.eJIHlOT MOMeHm 8peMeHU 8 npOUl.llOM, B KOTOpblH 'ITO-TO Ha'IaJIOCb 11 npoaoJ1'JICaemCJ1 8 MOMeHm pe11u. Since KaK rrpe)J.Jlor MO)l(eT BhIcTynaTb B CBH3Ke c Present Perfect HJil1 Present Perfect Continuous.
Tom was in France for three weeks.
Sandra is staying in America for another month.
Tipe)J.Jlor for CBH3bIBaeTCH c TaKHMH BpeMeHHhIMH OTpe3KaMH, KaK
hours, days, the past (few) weeks 11 T.)1.., qT06bI Bbipa3HTb aJ1ume.t1bHOCmb COCTOHHHH HJil1 .u.eifCTBl1H.

232

EXERCISE

"Since" or "for"?
Insert "since" or 'for" in the following sentences:

1. I have been writing letters

two o'clock.
2. I haven't been swimming
two years.
3. We have been waiting in the cafe
two
hours.
4. A lot of new houses had been built
I was
there last.
5. We waited ___ a long time to get into the show.

Shopping for the Holiday

Tom:
Lyn:

Tom:

Let me see what you have on your list. I'll see

if I can think of anything that's missing.
I can't imagine
that I'veforgotten
anything, but you
never know.
I can't think of
anything else right
now either, but
we'll probably end
up with no toothpaste or toothbrushes again.

233

Since HJIH for?

BcmaBbme 8 CJ1eiJy10lJ-4Ue npeiJ110xeHUJl since UllU for:

1. I have been writing letters since two o'clock.

2. I haven't been swimming for two years.
3. We have been waiting in the cafe for two hours.
4. A lot of new houses had been built since I was there last.
5. We waited for a long time to get into the show.
1. c .ll;Byx qaCOB SI ITHCaJI IIHCbMa.
2. 51 He ruiaBa.rr }')Ke .ll;Ba ro.ll;a.
3. MbI npo)l(Jl;a.rrH B Ka<Pe .ll;Ba qaca.
4. IlOC'fPOHJill MHOro HOBbIX .ll;OMOB c Tex nop, KaK SI IlOCJie.ll;HHH pa3
TaM 6bIJI.
5. Mh1 .ll;OJiro )l(Jl;aJIH, Koma Hae B03bMYT B woy.

Ilmcymrn .LJ.JIJI oTnycKa

ToM:

Jhrn:
ToM:

)J.a.H rJISittyTb, qTQ y Te6SI B CIIHCKe. IloCMOTPIO 11, MO)l(eT

6bITh, coo6p~, qero HaM eme He XBaTaeT.
)J.a)l(e He npe.ll;cTaBJISIJO, qT9 SI Morna 6b1 Ja6bITb, xorn KTO
ero JHaeT.
Ceiiqac SI H~ero TOJIKOM He coo6p~, HO, HaBepHoe,
OilSITb OCTaHeMCSI 6e3 3y6HOH naCTbl 11JIJI 3y6HbIX meTOK.

to be missing ['misiI)]
to imagine [i'mred3in]
toothpaste ['tu:Opeist]
toothbrush ['tu:ObrA./1

He XBaTaTb, He,lJ;OCTaBaTb
B006pa)l(aTb,Ilpe.ll;CTaBJISITb
Jy6Hasi nacrn
3y6HaSI UJ,eTKa

234

EXERCISE - - - - -

Thanslation
Translate into English the following sentences, paying attention
to the pronouns:
l. 51 IlpOBeJI 8eCb aeHb, HH'Iero He )l.eJia.H.
2. 51 rrhna.Jie.sr .u.oJBOHHTbC.sr eMy 1ea:J1Cable Wlmb MHHYT,
HO He MOf nonaeTb.
3. Ka:J1Cablu HJ ttae KYTIJ.1J1 6J.1J1eT.
4. Bee .u.eTH mofo1T Mopo)Kettoe.
5. Bee(= Bee BMeere) HI'POKH 6efYT K BOpOTaM.
6. Ilo Ka:J1Cay10 eTOpOtty 6apbepa eTO.srJIJ.1 eOTHJ.1 mo.nett

A New Recipe
Pete:
Sue:

Pete:

This casserole tastes very good. Is it a new recipe?

Yes. I found it in a magazine, and the combination of ingredients
looked so interesting that I thought
I would try it out.
And you are using
me as a guineapig again!

235

llepeeeiJume CJ1eiJy10~ue npeiJ110:>1eeHUJ1. 0 6pamume npu 3moM oco6oe BHUMOHue Ha HeonpeiJeAeHHble conpoeoiJumeAbHble CJ1oea u MecmoUMeHUJl.

1. I've spent all day doing nothing.

2. I tried to phone him every five minutes, but I couldn't get through.
3. We've bought a ticket each.
4. All children like ice-cream.
5. All the players run towards the goal.
6. There were hundreds of people on each side of the barrier.

HoBLIH peu.enT
IlHT:
Ch10:
IlHT:

QqeHh BKyCHlUI 3arreKaHKa. 3To HOBhIH peu.errT?

,[(a. JI HallIJla ero B)l()'pmUie, HTaM 6hmo TaKoe HHTepecHoe coqeTaHHe HHrpenHeHTOB, qTo H penmJia rrorrpo6oBaTh.
A MeHH OITHTh HCITOJih3yelllh KaK rro.norrhITHoro KpOJIHKa!

recipe ['resipi]
casserole ['kresaroul]
magazine [,mrega'zi:n]
combination [,bmbi'neifan]
ingredient [in'gri:djant]
guinea-pig ['ginipig]

peu.enT
3aneKaHKa, 6mo.no B ropmoqKe
)l()'pHaJI
KOM6HHaIJ,HH, COqeTaHHe
1rnrpe.nHeHT
6yK8. MOpCKM CBHHKa;
IlO)J.OllhlTHhIH KpOJIHK

236

231
In the Cinema
Sue:
Pete:
Sue:
Pete:

I think this film is rather boring. Don'tyou?

The reviews said that it was the best film that's
been produced this year.
When can you ever believe what the critics have to
say?
Not very
often. But
the/act that
/was given
the tickets
free makes
up/or it,
doesn't it?

EXERCISE
Complete the Questions
1. Lynn collects posters offilm stars. What . . .?
2. In the morning, Mrs Smith puts out food for the cat.
When ...?
3. Eric drinks eight cups of tea a day. How many ...?
4. He often parks his car near the station. Where ... ?
5. He goes to bed very early because he must get up at
five the next morning. Why ...?
6. The train arrives at six o'clock. At what time ...?
7. He likes coffee better than tea. Which ...?

237

BKHHO

Cb10:
I11n:

Cb10:
IIHT:

51 AYMalO, 3TOT cpIDihM .UOBOJihHO cicyqHhIH. IlpaB,ll,a?

B peueH3IDIX roBopHJIOCh, qTO 3TO .rryqnrn::H cpHJihM ro.ua.
KaK qacTo Thi BepHllih TOM)', qTo roBopHT KPHTHKH?
He TilK )')!( qacro. Ho TOT cpaKT, qro H noJI)"IHJI 6HJieTuI 6ecIlJlaTHO, 3TO KOMileHCHpyeT, Be,ll,b TaK?

cinema ['sinirn;)]
boring ['b:>:ril)]
review [ri'vju:]
critic ['kritik]
fact [frekt]
to make up for sth [meik]

KHHO
CicytlHhIH
KPHTlfqeCKHH o63op, peueH3HH
KpHTHK
cpaKT
B03MeIUaTb, CKpaumBaTh

,Il;onOJIHHTe BODpOCLI

1. What does Lynn collect?

2. When does Mrs Smith put out food for the cat?
3. How many cups of tea a day does Eric drink?
4. Where does he often park his car?

5. Why does he go to bed early?

6. At what time does the train arrive?,

7. Which does he like better?

YfOJIOK 3KCIIEPTA
Idioms with "rub"
to rub it in
- TKHYTh KOfO-JI. HOCOM;
rpy6o HanOMHHTh 0
KaKOH-JI. oum6Ke
to rub sb (up) the wrong way - fJia)l,HTh npOTHB lllepCTH' pa3)lpruKaTb
to rub shoulders with sb
- BO,ll,HTh KOMilaHHlO/
HKlllaTbCH c KeM-JI .

238

Lost Luggage
Eric:
Loma:

Eric:

We have been standing here at the luggage

belt/or ages, and our cases have still not
appeared.
I do hope they
didn't get lost.
If the cases don't
come soon, we'll
have to enquire
at our airline
desk. Maybe they
were put on another plane.

- - - - - EXERCISE

Inversion
Translate the following sentences into English:
l. Hmmr.n.a OH He rroKH,lla.n: .n.oMa, He JaIIepeB BXOJJ.HYJO
.n.sepb.

2. ,[(a 6y.n.eT TaK.

3. 3HaH j{ 3TO paHbllie, HHKOr.n.a 6bI j{ He c.n.eJia.n: 3TOH
OllIH6KH.

4. E.n:Ba OHH .n:ocTHfJIH rrapKa, rrollieJI ,n:mKJJ.b.

5. He 3a6y.n.h (6yK8. IlOMHH) B3HTb 30HTHK, - CKaJaJI
IIHT.

239

IlponaeWHii 6araJK
3 pHK:

Mhl )')Ke ueny10 Be'IHOCTh CTOHM nepe.u 3THM rpaHcnopTepoM, a HaIIIH qeMO,UaHhI TaK H He IlOHBHJIHCb.
JIop Ha: Ha.ue10ch, OHH He nponanH.
3pHK:
ECJIH qeMO.UaHhl BCKOpe He IlOHBHTCH, HaM Ha,UO 6y.ueT
cnpOCHTh y CTOHKH Harneil: aBHaKOMnaHHH. Mo)l(eT 6hITh,
HX norpy3HJIH Ha .UPYTOH caMOJieT.
luggage ('lAgid3]
luggage belt ['lAgid3 belt]
for ages ['eid3iz]
case [keis]
to appear [~'pi~]
to get lost [get bst]
to enquire [in'kwai~]
airline desk

['e~lain

desk]

6aimK
rpaHcnopTep
ueJIYIO BeqHOCTb
qeMo.uaH (c01cpaw,eHue om suitcase)
IlOHBJUIThCH
npona.uaTh,TepHTbCH
cnparnHBaTb, yJHaBaTh,
OCBe,UOMJIHThCH
CTOHKa aBHaKoMnaHHH

HHBepcHJ1
llepeBeaume Ha aH211uucKuu R3blK:

1. Never did he leave the house without Jocking the front door. 2. Be
it so. 3. Had I known this beforehand, I would never have made this
mistake. 4. Hardly had they arrived at the park, when it began to rain.
5. " Remember to take the umbrella," said Peter.

.---- - - - - ,UJUI 3HATOKOB - - - - - - - - - - ,

Rhyming slang
0.uHa H3 xapaKTepHCTHK JIOH.uOHCKoro .UHaJieKTa KOKHH "rhyming slang" (pmpMOBaHHbrH CJiettr), KOTOphlli, BepOHTHO, coBeprneHHO HenoHHTeH ,UJIH HenocBHI.l\eHHhIX. TaK, HanpHMep,
"stairs" (JieCTHHUa) o6o3HaqaeTCHKaK "apples and pears" ( H6JIOKH H rpyrnH). ,Upyrne Bh!pa)l(eHHH 3Toro po.ua: Cain and Able
(a table CTOJI; 6yK.B. KaHH HABeJih), trouble and strife (wife )l(eHa; 6yKB. pa3.uop H BOHHa). HeKoTophie H3 3THX Bhlpa)l(eHHH
nepelllJIH BJIHTeparypHbrn attrJIHHcKHH: H3hIK - HanpHMep, "to rabbit on" (60JITaTh B3.D;Op), B03HHKlliee H3 Bbipa)l(eHHH KOKHH "rabbit and pork" (talk pa3roBapHBaTb, 6yK8. KPOJIHK H CBHHHHa).

240

A Discussion about Art

Bill:
Eric:
Bill:
Eric:

How did you enjoy the exhibition on Saturday?

I liked quite a few things there, especially the
sculptures by that
young Russian man.
The performances
were good, too.
Yes, I enjoyed
them very much.
Loma and I will
go again next
week to view all
the paintings in
peace.

"Beauty is truth,
truth is beauty".
John Keats

Eece,ll,a 06 ucicycCTBe
EHJIJI:
3pm<:

EHJIJI:
3pHK:

KaK Te6e IlOHpaBHJiaCb BblCTaBKa B cy66ozy?

MHe TaM noHpaBHJIOCh MHoro Bemeit, oco6eHHO CKYJihnTYPhl roro MOJio,noro pyccKoro.
Ilep>opMaHC To:>Ke 6hlJI xopornliit.
)].a, MHe O'leHh noHpaBHJIOCh. Mhl c JlopHoit xoTHM eme
pa3 CXO.IJ;HTb zy.na Ha CJie.nyiomeit He,neJie, lff06bl CilOKOiiHO paCCMOTpeTb Bee KapTHHbl.

discussion [dis'kAJ:m]
to enjoy [in'd3:li]
especially [is'pef;}li]
Russian ['rAf;}n]
to view [vju:]
in peace [pi:s]

.IJ;HCKYCCIUl,6ece.na
IlOJIY'laTb y,nOBOJibCTBHe
oco6eHHO
pyccKHit
OCMaTpHBaTb,paccMaTpHBaTb
CilOKOitffO,BTHlllHHe

Kpaca eCTb npaa.na, npaa.na - KPaCOTil>>. - )],)KoH KHTc ( 1795-1821),

BeJIHKHH aHfJIHHCKHit II03T-pOMaHTHK
-

lend - borrow, bring - take

Lend H borrow, bring H take - 3TH napbl rJiafOJIOB, OTHOCH11111eCH
K O.IJ;HOH IlOMTHiiHOJ;\: c>epe, HMeIOT B aHrJIHHCKOM H3b1Ke oco6b1e
OTTeHKH 3Ha'leHM:
lend = .a:aBaTb 83ai1Mb1,
borrow = 6paTb 83ai1:Mb1
O.IJ;a.JDKHBaTb, CC}')KaTb
(HaIIpoKaT, Ha BpeMH)
bring = npHHOCHTb
take = 6paTb, yttOCHTb

I can lend you these books, if you promise to give them back soon. 51 Mory .naTb re6e 3TH KHHfH Ha BpeMH, eCJIH Tbl o6emaelllb CKOPO
HX BepttyTb.

Can I borrow those books? - Mo)l(HO MHe B3HTb (Ha BpeMH) re KHHrH?
Will you please bring the flour over here? - Ey,nb .no6p, Thi MO)l(elllb
rrpHHeCTH c10.na MYKY?
Please, take these books to the library for me. - Ilo~cTa, OTHeCH Ja MeJUI 3TH KHHfH B 6H6JIHOTeKY.

242

In the Local Radio Station

Loma was asked by the local radio station to talk
about her work for the newspaper. At first she is quite
nervous about talking on
radio, but when the
presenter asks her to talk
about the day-to-day life
in a small provincial
newspaper she does not
feel so bad after all. Then
the listeners are invited to
phone in and put their
questions forward.

- - - - - EXERCISE - - - - - -

Thanslation
Translate the following sentences into English:
l. Thi MmKeIIIh ,naTh MHe 3TY KHHry Ha Bpewi:?
2. .H B3HJI TpH KHHfH B 6H6JIHOTeKe.
3. Mory H o,noJDKHTh rno10 PY'ncy?
4 . .H He JI106JI10 ,naBaTb CBOH KHHfH ,npyrHM.
5. Thl MO)l(elllb OTHeCTH 3TH IIBCbMa Ha IlO'ITY?
6. IlO)l(aJIYHCTa, npHHeCH CBOH HHCTp)'MeHThl.
7. OH ,noCTaBHJI CBOHX ,npy3eH Ha BOK3aJI.
8. Tb1 MO)l(elIIh npHHeCTH MHe JIHTp MOJIOKa?
243

Ha MecTuou pa,n,HOCTaHIUIH
M ecTHCISI pa,n,HocT~IDI nonpocHJia Jlopuy paccKaJaTh o csoeH: pa60Te B raJeTe. CHaqa.JiaJlopHa HeMHoro HepsHHqaeT no noso.rcy BhIC'fYI1JleHIDI Ha pa,n,Ho, HO Kor.na se.nyrn,HH: npocHT paccKaJaTb ee
0 6y,uWIX Ma.JieHbKOH npOBKHIJ:HCUTbHOH raJeTbI, OHa B HTOre qysCTByeT cefo1 He TaK }')!( H IlJIOXO. 3aTeM CJiyrnaTeJieH npHrnarnaIOT
3BOHHTb B CTY.UHIO H 3a,LJ,aBaTb BOnpOCbl.
local ['louk~l]
radio station ['reidiou 'steif~n]
quite [kwait]
nervous ['n~:v~s]
presenter [pri'zent~]
day to day life [dei] [laif]
provincial [prn'vinf~l]
to put forward [put 'fo:w~d]

MeCTHbIH
pa,n,HOCTaHl.l,IDI
)l.OBOJihHO
HepBHhIH
Be.UyrnHH
6y,UHH
npOBHHl.l,Ha.JlhHhIH
Bhl,llBHraTh, npe,llllaraTh;
Ja.naBaTb (o nonpoce)

Ilepeeo,ll;
llepeneaume CJ1eay10U{ue npea110xeHUJ1 Ha aH2.11uiicKuii R3blK:

l . Can you lend me this book?

2. I borrowed three books from the library.

3. Can I borrow your pen?

I don't Like lending my books to other people.
Can you take these letters to the post office?
Please bring your tools.
He took his friends to the station.
8. Can you bring me a litre of milk?

4.
5.
6.
7.

~------

JL]UI 3HATOKOB ------~

Micawberism
MHKo6epH3M 03Ha'laeT B aHrnHHCKOM pe6WIJIHBhIH OITTHMH3M yBepeHHOCTh B TOM, 'ITO Bee yna,n,11TcH caMo co6oH:. TaKHM o6pa30M, MHKo6epHCT - Beqtthlli Heytthrna10mHH: onTHMHCT. B ocHOBe 3Toro xapaKTepa, KOHe'IHO )l(e, o6pa3 M-pa YWIKHHca MHKo6epa HJ ,LI;3BH,lla Konnepqmn,ua qapnb3a ,LI;11KKeHca.

244

"A sharp tongue

is the only edged tool
that grows keener
with constant use. "
Washington Irving

Modem Theatre
Sue:

Loma:

Sue:

I have tickets/or the theatre. Would you like

to come with me? Peter is not really interested
in modem plays.
~read about it ,
4 ~)
m the paper. Its ~~

a troupefrom
~
v,... _.~'"""'
London with a
coml!letely new
/,/_,
verswn of
'Othello', isn't it? '
That's right. It
should be quite
interesting.

)J

245

0CTpblH .Sl3hIK - e.zurncTBeHHhIH pe)l(}'mHH HHCTpyMeHT, KOTOpblH

oTTaqHBaeTC.SI np11 nocTO.SIHHOM HcnoJlh30BaHHH. - BamHHITOH
11pBHJIT (1753-1859), aMepHKaHCKHH m1careJib H 3,IJ,BOKaT, llHTaTa H3 lumr H 3CKH30B, PHn BaH BHHKJih

"To have" KaK BCDOMOraTeJILllblii rJiaroJI

To have e CB.S13Ke c HH<l>HHHTHBOM o6o3HaqaeT tteo6xo,llH.MocTh, ,!IOJI:lK:eHCTBOBaHHe.
I have to write my letters. - MHe tty:ll<:HO n11caTb nHChMa.
We had to wait/or a long time. - HaM npHillJIOCh ,!IOJirO :lK:,!laTh.
To have c np.SIMhIM ,!lonoJIHeHHeM 11 Past Participle HMeeT 3HatieHHe
BeJieTb, Il03BOJI.SITh H T.n. (Ha pyccKHii .Sl3hIK 'IaCTO nepeBO,!IHTC.SI 6e3J1HqHOH KOHCTpYKIIHe:H).

I had my hair cut the other day. - MHe He,!laBHO c,!leJiaJIH CTpIDKKy.
You should have your bike fixed. - Te6e tty:ll<:HO 6bl OT.U.aTh eenocHne.u. B IlO'IHHKY.

CoepeMellllblii TeaTJ)
Chio:

Y MeIDI ecTh 6HJieThI B TeaTp. Xo'IeIIIh no:HTH co MHo:H?

JlopHa:

IlHTep He CJIHllIKOM HHTepecyeTC.SI COBpeMeHHbIMH nocraHOBKaMH.

51llHTaJia06 3TOM B raJeTe. 3-ro Tpynna H3 JlOH.ll.OHa c coeeprneHHO HOBOH eepcHeH 0reJIJIO, .u.a?
ToqHo. 3To ,!IOJI:ll<:HO 6hITh mrrepecHo.

Chio:

theatre ['0iata]
play [plei]
completely [kam'pli:tli]
troupe [tru:p]
version ['va:fan]
Othello [ a'0elou]
that's right [rait]

reaTp
nbeca,cneKTaKJih, nocTattoeKa
nOJIHOCThIO, coeeprneHHO
Tpynna
eepcH.SI
OreJIJio, Tpare.u.H.SI
Y. IlleKcnHpa
npaBHJihHO,BepHO,TOllHO

246

EXERCISE

Thanslation
Translate the following sentences into English, using the verb
to have plus infinitive:
1. Mtte Hyxtto cero.LJ.fill nponbmecocHTb B roCTHHOH.

2. 3pHK OT.LJ.aJI CBOIO Mammzy B peMOHT.

3. JiopHe B BbIXO.LJ.Hbie HyxHO MHOroe C.LJ.eJiaTh.
4. .[(xoH sqepa IlOCTPHTCH.
5. HaM ttyxtto eme y6paTbCH B capae B Ca.LJ.Y Ha 3HMy.

6. IlHTY npHCJlaJIH KaTaJIOf.

At the Insurance Office

Lorna:

Agent:

We telephoned on Friday about my insurance.

Some frozen food was damaged during a
break in the electricity supply.
Yes, I remember.
Just fill in this
form. please. and
list all the items
which had to be
thrown away.
You 'II receive a
cheque within
a week.
247

Ilepeeo,LJ,
Jlepeeeoume CAeOylOU(Ue npeOAOJICeHUJl HO OH2/IUUCKUUJl3blK, ucnOAb3YJl KOHcmpyKU,UIO c have:

l. I have to hoover the living-room today.

2. Eric had his car repaired.
3. Lorna has a lot to do over the weekend.
4. John had his hair cut yesterday.
5. We still have to clear up the garden shed before winter.
6. Pete had a catalogue sent to him.
~------

,WUI 3HATOKOB

------~

Marmalade Hjam
06a 3TH CJIOBa 03HaqaioT B aHfJIHHCKOM pa3HOBH,LJ;HOCTH ,LOKeMa
HJIH nOBH,ll)Ia. Marmalade OTHOCHTCH TOJibKO K THnHqHo aHfJIHHCKOMY aneJibCHHOBOMY ,LOKeMY, Tor.ua KaK CJlOBOMjam o603HaqalOTCH ,upyrne copTa <l>PYKTOBoro ,LOKeMa. .Uo CHX nap coxpaHHJIOCh
TaJOKe cnoso preserve (o6blKH. pl KOHcepBhI, sapetthe; npecepBbI).

B cTpaxoeoM areHTcTBe
Jloptta:
ArettT:

Mb! rosopHJIH no TeJie<t>oHY B rIHTHHizy no noso.uy MOeH

cTpaxOBKH. Bo speMH asapHH B cncreMe 3Heproctta6)!(eHHH ncnopTHJIHCb 3aMOp0)!(~HHhie TipO.uyKTbl.
,Ua, 51 noMHlO. IlO)!(anyHCTa, JanOJIHHTe 3TOT 6JiaHK" nepe~CJIHTe see npo.uyKTbl, KOTOpbie npHllIJIOCb BbI6pocHTb.
Bbl nonyqHTe qeK B TeqeHHe He,ueJIH.

insurance [in'.fmmms]
frozen food ['frouzn fu:d]
break [breik]
supply [s~'plai]
form [fo:m]
item ['ait~m]
cheque [tfek]

CTpaxOBKa
3aMOpO)!(eHHhle npO.uyKTbl
asapHH
CHa6)!(eHHe
<i>OPMYAAP, 6JiaHK
npe,uMeT
qeK

248

Evening Classes
Sue:
Pete:
Sue:

Pete:

"The worst moment

for the atheist is when
he is really thankful and
has nobody to thank."
Dante Gabriel Rossetti

Chio:
IlHT:
Chio:
IlHT:

51 3anHcarrach Ha Be'IepHHe icypchl aKBapemt.

Ho Thl )Ke HHKor.na B )ICHJHH He pHcoBarra.
3To He TaK. B IIIKOJie y MeIDI 6hIJIO xopoIIIo c pHcoBaHHeM. ThI H He npe.ncnrnm1elllh, KaKrui: y Te6.si: xy,nmKecTBeHHO o.uapeHHrui: )ICeHa.
ThI coBepIIIeHo npaBa, BCe 3TH ro,UbI .si: HH'Iero TaKoro He
JaMe'Ia.JI.

evening class ['i:vnil) kla:s]

to put one's name down
watercolour painting
['w:l:t<>l<Al<> 'peintiQ]
art [a:t]
artistic [ a:'tistik]
to notice ['noutis]

Be':lepHHe IcypChl
3aIIHChIBaThC.SI
aKBapeJib,)ICHBOIIHCh
aKBapeJihio
HCKYCCTBO
apTHCTH':leCKHH,
xy,UO)ICeCTBeHHhlli
JaMe':laTh

Xy,nlllHH MHf )I.JUI aTeHCTa - Kor,na OH no-HaCTO.SIIUeMy 6Jiaro.napeH, a 6Jiaro.napHTh eMY HeKoro. - )J,aHTe fa6pH3Jih PocceTTH
(l 828-1882), aHfJIHHCKHH xy,UO)ICHHK H I103T, OCHOBaTeJib opaT-CTBa npepacpa3JIHTOB

TharOJihl c cy6'beKTllhlM ,.ODOJIHeHHeM

HeKOTOpb1e rnaroJihI TPe6yioT .norroJIHeHH.SI, ':IT06hI npe,UJIO)ICeHHe

HMeJIO CMhICJI. 3To ,UOIIOJIHeHHe Ha3bIBaeTC.SI cy61,eKTHhIM ,UOilOJIHeHHeM, eCJIH OHO OIIHCblBaeT Ka':leCTBa 110,UJie)ICamero H CTOHT noCJie rnaroJIOB, KOTOpbie OIIHChIBaioT:
- COCTO.SIHHe HJIH BH,UHMOCTh (be, appear, seem) - He seems very proud.
- npou.ecc (become, get, go, grow, turn) - The weather was getting worse.
- .Ua.JihHenlllee coxpatteHHe cocTO.SIHH.SI (keep, stay, remain) - It will

remain cloudy.
- OIIIYllleHHe H BocrrpH.SITHe (feel, look, smell, sound, taste) - The cur-

ry smells wonderful!

250

EXERCISE - - - - Translation
(Subject and Object Complements)
1. HoBbIH rrpomphrnaTeJib rrpocro OTJIH'IHO 3BytIHT.
2. Ilupor qyn;ecHo rrax:HeT.

3. 51 qyBCTBOBaJI cefo1 60JibHbIM, I103TOMY He Mor HHqero ecTb.

4.

Korn;a OH ycJibIIIIaJI 3TH HOBOCTH, OH O'leHb paccep)1,HJICSI H IIOKpacHeJI.

5.

3aBTpa 6yn;eT no-npe)l(HeMY o6na'IHO c nposictteHHSIMH.

6. 3TOT KpHK )l,eHCTByeT MHe Ha HepBbl.

7. 51 HaIIIeJI cPHJibM CKyqHbIM, XOTSI MHOrne KPHTHKH
C'IHTaIOT ero IIIe)l,eBpOM.

The Telephone Bill

Pete: Did you use the telephone a lot last month? The
bill seems to be unusually high.

Sue: Not really, but I did

spend quite a long
time talking to my
sister once.
Pete: Not the one in
Australia I hope.
Sue: No, I meant my
sister in Scotland.
Pete: That can be dear
enough, ifyou phone
at peak time.
251

IlepeBOA ( cy6'heKTHble H o6'heKTHble AODOJIHellIDI)

1. The new record player sounds really good.
2. The cake smells wonderful.
3. I was feeling ill so I couldn't eat anything.
4. When he heard the news, he became very angry and went red in
the face.
5. Tomorrow it will remain cloudy with sunny intervals.
6. This screaming makes me nervous.
7. I found the film boring, although many critics consider it a masterpiece.

Il1n:
Cb10:
IlHT:
Ch10:
IlHT:

Tb1 a npolllJloM MecHu:e MHoro roaopHJia no Tene>otty?

OieT KruKeTC$1 Heo6bl'IHO 6oJihllIHM.
He CJIHlllKOM MHoro, HO O)lHH pa3 j{ )lOBOJihHO )lOJiro roaopHJia c cecrpo:H.
'
Ha,ne10ch, He c TOH, qTo a AacrpaJIHH?
HeT, j{ HMeJia a BH)ly TY, KOTop~ a IIIornaH)lHH.
3'ro MO)l(eT 6hITh )lOBOJibHO ,llOporo, ecJIH Thi 3BOHHJia BO
apeMH ITHK.

telephone bill ['telifoun bil]

unusually [An]u:3l1::>li]
to spend time [spend] [taim]
once [wAns]
dear [di::i]
peak time [pi:k taim]

cqeT Ja Tene<t>oH
He06bl'IHO
npOBO)lHTh apeMH
O)lHa)l()lhl, O)lHH pa3
)loporow
apeMH ITHK; )lJISI 3BOHKOB )lHeBHOe apeMH

252

A Visit to the Local Museum

An exhibition of old Chinese porcelain is being
staged at the local museum. Eric who is interested in
any kind of pottery plans
to visit the museum on
his next day off. He buys
the catalogue which
shows all the objects from
the exhibition. It tells
about the areas where the
pieces were created and in
which dynasty they were
made.

EXERCISE

Completion Excercise
Complete the following sentences so that they make
sense:
John smokes
lot of cigarettes, but Liza and
Sue do
smoke at all. There _ __
statistics which show
smoking is dangerous,
but John does
believe in statistics.
He
not sure that smoking is dangerous.
Perhaps John
to live dangerously?
Life, he says,
always dangerous.

253

IIocem.eHHe MeCTHoro M)'3eJ1

B MeCTHoM M}'3ee rrpoxo.LUIT BhICTIIBKa CTapHJIHoro KHTa.HcKoro <t>ap<t>opa. 3pHK, HHTepecyi<>I.QHitCSI BCeMH BJi)J;aMH KepaMHKH, C06HpaeTCSI noifrn B My3eH. B ceoH. 6moKaiturnH. ceo60.llHb1i1: .neHb. Ott
TIOKYnaeT KaTa.JIOf, B KOTOPOM npe.l(CT<lBJieHbI ace 3KCTIOHaTbl BblCTaBKH. TaM paccKa3bIBaeTCSI 06 o6nacTSIX, r.ne 6bIIDI C03.llaHhl ee1.QH, H 0 TOM, npH KaKOH .UHHaCTHH OHH 6bJJIH H3fOTOBJieHbl.
exhibition [ eksi'bif~n]
Chinese ['tfai'ni:z]
porcelain ['p~:slin]
pottery ['p~t~ri]
a day off [dei]
catalogue ['kret~bg]
object ['~bd3i}ct]
dynasty ['din~sti]

BbICTaBKa
KHTaH.cI<Hii
<t>ap<t>op
KepaMHKa
CB060.llHhIH ,!leHb
KaTa.JIOf
o6'beKT; npe.uMeT
,!lHHaCTHSI

YnpWKHeHue Ha ,!J.ODOJIHeHHe CJIOB

John smokes a lot of cigarettes, but Liza and Sue do not smoke at all.
There are statistics which show that smoking is dangerous, but John
does not believe in statistics. He is nQt sure that smoking is dangerous. Perhaps John likes to live dangerously? Life, he says, is always
dangerous.
,[()Kou KYPHT MHoro CHrapeT, a Jlaii3a 11 Chio He KYPSIT eoece. EcTh
CTaTHCTw1ecKHe .uaHHhle, KOTOph1e noKa3hIBaJOT, ':ITO KYPeHHe
onacuo, HO ,[Qtcou ue eepHT CTaTHCTHKe. Ou He yeepeu B TOM, ':ITO
KYPeHHe onacuo. BepoSITHO, L()KoH n106HT )l(lfTh B onacuocTH?
)1(}13Hb, roeopHT OH, ecer.na onacua.

254

EXERCISE - - - - -

Translation
Translate the following sentences:
1. OH He o6pa~a.TI BHHMaHIDI Ha TO, 'ITO 0 HeM rooopw m .

2. TaM Tattu.eoa.TIH H neJIH.

3. B BeJIHKo6pHTaHHH 5 tto&6p& npaJ,nHyJOT ,Uetth

fa& <l>oKca.
4. YttHBepMam ecTb noocJO,ny.
5. Mx OTOCJiaJIH npo'lh.

At the Tailor's
After some persuasion from his mother, John has
decided to have a new suit made to measure. At the
tailor's he is first shown
rolls and rolls of materials. After some consideration he chooses a
dark blue Harris tweed,
handwoven in the Outer
Hebrides. Next he is
shown the pattern book.
Finally the tailor takes
his measurements and
writes them down.

255

Ilepeso.z.
llepeeeaume HO OH2/IUUC/CUU Jl3blJC:

1. He did not mind what they said about him.

2. There was dancing and singing.
3. In Great Britain people celebrate Guy Fawkes Day on November 5th.
4. Department stores are found everywhere.
5. They were sent away.
~------

WUl 3HATOKOB

------~

Idioms with "leg"

my car is on its last legs
= npH nocne.u,HeM HJ.U.hIXaHHH
to have no leg to stand on = He HMeTh onpaB.u,aHIDI,
HJBHHeHIDl,.ll,OBO.ll,OB
to pull sb's leg
= IlO.ll,III)"IHBaTb, .ll,paJHHTb, MOpo'IHTh
to give sb a leg up
= TIOMOqh npeo.u,oJieTb npeIDITCTBIDI, Tpy.U,HOCTH (IlOMO% BCTaTh
Ha HOrH)

Ynopmoro
I1o HaCTOIDfHJO MaTepH )])KOH peUIHJI CllIHTb KOCTIOM Ha JaJ(aJ. Y TIOPTHOro eMY cttaqana noKaJbIBalOT TKaHH, pynoH Ja pynoHoM. I1ocne HeKoroporo paJMblllllieHIDI OH BbI6HpaeT TeMHO-CmmH xappHCCKHH TBH.ll,,
COTKaHHblH BpyqHy!O Ha fe6pH.ll,CKJIX OCTpOBax. 3aTeM eMY TIOKaJhlBaIOT KaTanor. HaKoHell rropTHOH cHHMaeT MepKH H JaTIHChIBaeT HX.

handwoven ['hrendwouvgn]
Outer Hebrides
['autg 'hebridi:z]

HaCTOHHHe, y6e)l(.ll,eHHe
MaTepHaJI, TKaHb
BhI6HpaTh
TBH.ll, (wepCmRHOJl mJCOHb)
c ocTpoBa XappHc
COTKaHHhlH BpyqHYIO
BtternHHe fe6pH.ll,hI,
fe6pH.ll,CKHe OCTpOBa

pattern ['pretgn]
measurement ['me3gmgnt]

06paJe11
MepKa

persuasion [pg'swei3:m]
material [mg'tigrigl]
to choose [tfu:z]
Harris tweed ('hreris twi:d]

(Be11uJC06pumaHUJ1)

256

EXERCISE

Relative Clauses
Complete the sentences with the appropriate pronoun.
1. Mark was the only person
helped me
when I was in trouble.
2. We'll take the bus
goes to Edinburgh at
3.15.
3. Is that the woman
car I bought last month?
4. 'The Sun',
is published in London, is a
popular newspaper.
5. The man
lives in that old house over
there is Irish.

After a Storm
Sue: They have just shown the effects of the storm on
resorts on the South coast.
Pete: Is it the usual scene
of disaster? Houses
with roofs torn off,
trees blown down?
Sue: It looks worse than
anything I have seen
over the last years.
In one place a lot of
boats in a marina
were blown onto
land or capsized.

J{onoAHume npeiJAoJK:eHUR noiJxoiJaw,UM MecmoUMeHueM:

1. Mark was the only person who helped me when I was in trouble.
2. We'll take the bus which goes to Edinburgh at 3.15.
3. Is that the woman whose car I bought last month?
4. The Sun, which is published in London, is a popular newspaper.
5. The man who lives in that old house over there is Irish.
1. MapK 6bIJI erorncrneHHbIM, KTO noMor MHe B 6e.n:e.
2. Mbr csmeM Ha aBTo6yc, KOTOpbIH H,UeT .n:o 3mrn6ypra B 3.15.
3. 3To Ta )l(:eHJ.U.HHa, qbIO Mallll.fHY SI 1cymur B npolllJIOM Mecm~e?
4. Catt, KOTOPM f.13,UaeTCSI B Ilott.n:oHe, - nonyJUipHM ra3eTa.
5. qeJIOBeK, KOTOpbIH )l(:MBeT B CTapoM .UOMe Ha TOH CTOpOHe, MpJiatt.n:eu..

IlocJJe 6ypu
CbIO:
Il11T:
Ch10:

ToJibKO qTo noKa3bIBaJIH nocJie,n:cTBMSI 6yp11 Ha KYPOpTax

IO)l(:Horo no6epe)l(:bS1.
06bJqHaSJ KapTHHa KaTaCTPO<l>bI? ,[J,oMa c copBaHHhlMH
Kph!rnaMH, ITOBaJieHHhie .n:epeBhSI?
BhrrJISl,UHT X)')Ke, qeM Bee, lJTo SI BH.n:eJia Ja nocJie.UHMe ro.UhI. B O.UHOM MecTe MHoro JIO.UOK y np11cTaH11 Bb16poc11JIO Ha cyrny MJIH onpoKHttyJIO.

effect [i'fekt]
resort [ri'z:):t]
disaster [di'za:st;)]
tom off [t:):n]
marina [m;)'ri:n;)]
to capsize [krep'saiz]

3<l><l>eKT; noCJie,UCTBHe
KypOpT
KaTaCTPO<t>a,6e.n:cTBHe
BbipBaHHhIJ!: c KOpHeM,
nOBaJieHHhlH
npHCTaHh ,UJISI SIXT
onpOKH,UhIBaTh (AOOKY u m.n.)

258

253

':4 lifetime of happiness!

No man alive could bear it;
it would be hell on earth."
George Bernard Shaw

254
Work in the Garden
The leaves are falling from the trees. Pete looks out of
his living room window in dismay. He is not looking
forward to raking the leaves up. Apart from this there
are quite a few
other tasks he has
to do before winter
sets in. He still has
to oil and grease
the lawn-mower,
and he has been
\ .
thinking of pruning
the fruit trees.
Ot

259

253
Ctrncn,e )1)111HOIO B )l(J13Hh! HHKTO He CMOf 6hI 3TOl'O BhlHeCTH; 3TO
6h!Jl 6b1 a.u JeMHOH. - Ll:)l(Op)l)K Eepttap.u llioy (1856-1950), wpJiaH.UCK11H nwcaTeJih w .upaMarypr, 113 " Man and Superman" ( q eJIOBeK 11 CBep:xqeJIOBeK)

063op rJJafOJIOB
floCAe 3mux CAa20J10B ynompe6JlflemcR uH<jJuHumuB c 1tacmuu,eu to:

afford
agree
appear
arrange
ask
beg
choose
decide

expect

learn
leave
manage
offer
prepare
promise
recommend
refuse

fail
force
happen
help
hesitate
hope
invite

remind
seem
teach
tell
want
warn
wish

Pa6oTascw
JiwcTbH ona.ua10T c .uepeBheB. IlwT cMoTpHT H3 OKHa rocTHHOH c TOCKOH. Ero He pa.uyeT nepcneKTHBa y6opKH JIHCTbeB. KpoMe Toro,
eCTb MHOfO .upyrwx .ueJI, KOTOpbie eMy tty)l(HO c.ueJiaTb .uo HacrynJieHlrn JHMhI. EMY Hano CMaJaTh raJoHOKOCHJIKY, a eru;e OH co611pancH o6pe3aTb nJIO.UOBbie .uepeBbH.
leaf, leaves [li:f] [li:vz]
dismay [dis'mei]
to rake [reik]
task [ta:sk]
to grease [gri:s]
lawn-mower ['b:n,mou;)]
to prune [pru:n]

JIHCT, JIHCThH
YHhIHHe, 6ecnoKoi1cTBo; cTpax,
HCnyr
crpe6aTb rpa6JUIMH; co611paTh
3a,uaqa,.ueJio
CMa3hIBaTb
raJOHOKOCHJIKa
no.upe3aTb, o6pe3aTh (BemBu)

260

255
EXERCISE

"When" or "if"?
Fill in the appropriate word:

1. It always rains,
I want to go for a walk.
2.
I arrived at the airport, I could not find
my passport.
3.
you always eat so much chocolate, you'll
get fat.
4. You'll break the glass,
you aren't more
careful.
5.
the cat's away, the mice will play.

256
In the Pub
Pete: What would you like to drink, Sue?
Sue: I think I'll have a pint of shandy. I'm thirsty after
all that walking.
Pete: I'll have a pint of
draught bitter. This
pub is famous for its
good beer.
Sue: Beer all tastes the
same to me. I never
understand how
some men can stand
there all evening
drinking pint after
pint of the stuff.
261

When HJIH if!

Bcmaebme nooxoiJRw,ee CJZoeo:

1. It always rains, when I want to go for a walk. (Bcer.u.a H,UeT .LJ.O)l()l,b,

KOr)J.a SI xoqy H,UTH ryJUITb.)

2. When I arrived at the airport, I could not find my passport. (Kor.u.a SI npH6bIJI B a3ponopT, SI He Mor HaHTH CBOH nacnopT.)

3. If you always eat so much chocolate, you'll get fat. (EcJIH TbI Bcer.u.a 6y.u.eIIIb eCTb TaK MHOro IllOKOJia)J.a, Tbl nonpaBHillbCSI.)

4. You'll break the glass, if you aren't more careful. (Tb1 pa3o6beIUb
CTeKJIO, eCJIH He 6y.u.eIIIb OCTOPO)f(Hee.)

5. When the cat's away, the mice will play. (KoT co .U.Bopa - y Mblwel'.1 Hrpa.)

B DHBHOM 6ape
Iliff:
Cbt0:
IlHT:
Cbt0:

TbI 'ITO 6y.u.ernb nHTb, CbIO?

,ri:YMaIO, SI B03bMY nHHTY rnaH.LJ.H. MHe xo'IeTCSI nHTb nocJie Bcel'.1 3TOH nporyJIKH.
51 B03bMY nHHTY 6o'IKOBoro ropbKoro. 3ToT na6 cJiaBHTCSI xopOillHM ITHBOM.'
MHe Bee nHBO KIDKeTCSI O.LJ.HHaKOBbIM Ha BKYC. HHKor.u.a
He ITOHHMaJia, KaK 3TO HeKOTOpbie MOryT CT051Tb TaM ueJibJH Be'Iep H ITHTb ITHHTY 3a llHHTOH 3TOH epYH.LJ.bL

pint [paint]
shandy ['.famdi]
draught [ dra:ft]
bitter ['bit~]
famous ['feim~s]
stuff [st:Af]

ITHHTa (0,57 A)
IUaH)J.H, CMeCb npOCTOro ITHBa
C 6e3aJIKOfOJibHbIM HM6HpHbIM
6o'IKOBoe (nueo)
ropbKOe ITHBO
3HaMeHHTbJH, H3BeCTHblH
MaTepHaJI;XJiaM, qenyxa,epYH.LJ.a

262

Betting Fever
The British are renowned for their betting enthusiasm. Apart from horse racing one can bet on football results and other
,.......-;:--~
sporting events. There
J!! ~
are bets made on the first
>~
landing of man on Mars,
_
- - -~ tr>-or during a period of
drought one can bet when ~
r \1\
the next rain will fall.
_,
~~~ ~""
_
In fact if one has a crazy
idea it won't be difficult to
~-find a bookmaker to give
odds on it.

(j

258

EXERCISE - - - - -

Thanslation
1.

Tp1rnanuaTb1i1 , Y.eThlpHanuaTbIH 11 IUJTHa,nuaTbIH

BeKa Ha3blBalOTCR c p e,JJ,H11M11 BeKaM11.

2.
3.

Oparnp CTOIDI, 3acyH)'B

4.

PYKH

B KapMaHhL

MHoro JIIO,JJ,eH e)!(ero.uHo norn6aeT B .uopo)l(HOTpaHcnopTHhIX npo11CllJeCTBIDIX.

IlepBaR 11 BTOpM rnaBbl poMaH a 6 bIJI11 He O'leHb HHTepeCHbIM11.

263

CrpacTh K napu
opli!TilHUbl CJiaBSITCSI CBoeH JDOOOBblO KrrapM. CTOMMMOCKa'leK, MO)l(HO 3aKJIIO'laTb rraptt Ha HTorn ct>yr6oJihHOro MaTYa H .upyrtte crropTHBHhie co6bITl1Jl. Ecrb rrapH Ha BhICMKY rrepBoro qenoBeKa Ha Mapce, HJIH )l(e B rrepHO.U 3acyxH. MO)l(HO rrocrropHTh, Kor.ua B cne.uy10mli!:H pa3 6y.11,eT .UO)l(,Ub. Ha .uene, ecm1 y Koro-ro rrosi:BHJiacb 6e3yMHaSI
lil,UeSI, HeTpy.UHO HaHTH 6yKMeKepa, 'IT06hl c.ueJiaTb CTilBKH.
to be renowned for sth
[ri'naund]
enthusiasm [in'8ju:zirez::>m]
result [ri'ZA.lt]
sporting event ['sp:>:tii) i'vent]
drought [draut]
crazy ['kreizi]

6hITb l13BeCTHbIM, 3HaMeHHTbIM,

CJiaBHTbCSI
3HTY3Ha3M, BOOJJ:YUieBJieHHe
pe3yJibTaT, HTOr
crropTHBHOe C06b!THe
3acyxa
cyMacwe.uumi1, 6e3yMHhIH

Ilepeso,ll,
1. The thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth centuries are called the
Middle Ages.
2. The speaker stood there with his hands in his pockets.
3. Many people lose their lives in road a~cidents every year.
4. The first and second chapters of the novel were not very
interesting.

- - - - - - - WUI 3HATOKOB - Idioms with "foot"

to have a foot in the door
he always lands on his feet
to put one's foot in it

-----.

= o6ecrre'lHTh ce6e .ll.OCTYJT

= OH Bcer.ua BbIXO.UHT Cyx:HM 113

BO.Ubl (6yK6. OH Bcer.ua rrpH3eMJUJeTCSI Ha Hom)
= ceCTb BJI)')KY, BJIHJTffYTb

264

Bank Holiday
Many people in England talk of public holidays as
bank holidays. It simply means that the banks are
closed on this day and
most other businesses
close, too. However, in
recent years there has
been a change. One can
now find several shops
open on bank holidays.
Attitudes have also
changed towards Sunday
shopping, and quite a few
shops are open on Sunday.

"Love is the wisdom

ofthefoolandthefo/ly
of the wise. "
Samuel Johnson

liaHKOBCKHe BbIXO,lUlble
MHor11e B Attrn1111 roBop.HT 06 o6mecTBeHHhIX npa3llHl1Kax KaK
0 6aHKOBCKHX BblXOllHhIX. 3TO rronpocry 03HaY.aeT, Y.TO B 3TOT
neHb 3aKPbITbl 6aHIOI 11 60Jibll111HCTBO ,npynu neJIOBblX yqpe)l(lleHHH. OnttaKo B nocne.ntt11e fOllbI ttaMeTHJIHCb nepeMeHbI. Cei11.ac BO BpeM.H 6aHKOBCKHX BbIXO)lHbIX MO)l(HO HaHTH 11 pa6orn10lll,He Mara3HHbl. 06bJY.aH TO)l(e H3MeHHJIHCb, eCJIH fOBOp11Th
0 COBepIIIeHHH IIOKYIIOK B BOCKpeceHbe, H llOBOJibHO MHOfO Mara3HHOB no BOCKpeceHh.HM pa6oTaeT.
to talk ofsth as [t:>:k]
simply ['simpli]
business ['biznis]
however [hau'ev~]
recent ['ri:snt]
change [tfeind3]
attitude ['retitju:d]

fOBOPl1Tb 0 Y.eM-JI. KaK o,

o603HaY.aTh Y.TO-JI. KaK
npocTo, nonpocry
neno,6113ttec;nenoBoe
yqpe)l(Jlett11e
OllHaKO, TeM He Mettee
He)laBHHH, nocJiellHHH
113MeHeHHe,nepeMeHa
06b11.aH, OTHOIIIeH11e

JlJ06oBh - MYllPOCTh rnyrrua 11 rnynocTb Mynpeua. - C3MJ03JI

)J)KoHCOH (1709-1784 ), aHfJil1HCKHH n11caTeJib ( C.nosapb)

KpaTKHe J>opMbI maroJia "to do"

H BCDOMOraTeJlltHblX marOJIOB

B pa3rosopttoi1 pe':IH BcnoMoraTeJibHhie rnaronhI B OTpHUaTeJihHOH

>opMe 11 B >opAfYnax " do not", "did not" 06h11.Ho coKpama10TcSI.
B JJHTeparype B ocHOBHOM yrroTpe6JJSieTcSI rronttaSI >opMa.
do not/don't
cannot/can't
might not/mightn't
need not/needn't
would not/wouldn't
should not/shouldn't
are not/aren't

did not/didn't
could not/couldn 't
must not/mustn't
will not/won't
shall not/shan't
ought not/oughtn't
is not/isn't

266

EXERCISE

Which Is the Right Preposition?

Do you take a lot
Does she watch a lot
He'll need many hours
Is Woody Guthrie
It was the match
It's a waste
Could you wait a couple
The car must be cleaned
The room was designed
What do people want
Mike is

by
from
of
on

pills?
television?
practice.
Wisconsin?
the day.
money.
minutes?
tomorrow.
John Prizeman.
their doctors?
holiday.

262
Collecting Apples
Eric:
Loma:

Eric:

Loma:

We had better collect all the remaining apples

on the tree before they all fall down.
I have already gathered a few
buckets full.
I know that. But
have you seen
how many are
lying around the
foot of the tree?
Yes, they do seem
to have ripened
rather quickly
this year.
267

KaKOH npeAJJOr 3)1.eCb nylKeH?

Do you take a lot of pills? Does she watch a lot of television? He'll
need many hours of practice. Is Woody Guthrie from Wisconsin? It
was the match of the day. It's a waste of money. Could you wait a couple of minutes? The car must be cleaned by tomorrow. The room was
designed by John Prizeman. What do people want from their doctors?
Mike is on holiday.
Bbl npHHHMaeTe MHOI'O Ta6JieToK? 0Ha MHOI'O CMOTpHT TeJieBHJOp?
EMy H)')l<Ha MHoroqacoacUI TPeHJ1poaKa. Bynw fYTPH H3 BwcKoHcwtta? 3TO 6bm Marq .n;IDI. 3To TPaTa ,n:eHer- Bbl MO)l(eTe no,n:o)l(.lJ:aTb
napy MHHYT? Mannrny H)')KHO BbIMbITb KJaaTPanrneM)' .D:HIO. Aarnp
11113afiHa noMern.emrn ,[QKoH Ilpali3MaH. qero JIIO.D:H xonn OT caoHX apaqefi? Mai.fK a oTrrycKe.

C6op .a6JioK
3pHK:

Xopowo 6b1 HaM CWITb ace ocTaBUllieC51 si6JIOKH c ,n:epeaa, OOKa OHH He ynaJIH.
Jloptta: 51 ~e tta6paJia Hec,KOJibKO noJIHhIX aenep.
3pHK: 513H<UO. Ho Thi BHlleJia, CKOJlhKO TilM Jie:lKHT non nepeaoM?
Jloptta: ,[(a, Ka)l(eTC51, B 3TOM rony OHH llOBOJibHO 6hICTpO co3peJIH.
to collect [k~'lekt]
remaining [ri'meinit)]
to gather ['greo~]
bucket ['bAkit]
foot [fut]
to ripen ['raip~n]

co6HpaTb
OCTaBurnHC51
co6wpaTb; no6wpaTb
aenpo
no.n:tto)l(He; Hora
co3peaaTb,rrocneaaTb

268

263
At the Optician's
Loma:

Loma:

264

EXERCISE

"to do" as Substitute

Complete the following sentences:
Did you read the Sunday paper yesterday? Yes,I ....
Pete doesn't like weeding the garden. Nor ... Sue.
Loma does not type as fast as I ....
Mike likes New York. So ... John.
Do you understand his English? No, I ....
Eric knows more about computers than John ....

269

B ODTHKe
y MeIDI eCTb peu:enT Ha O':IKH. Bbl MO)l(eTe IIOKa3aTb MHe
onpaBbI?
OrrTHK: Kotte'!Ho. BhI npeJlJJO':IHTilere MeTaJJJIH':lecKJ.ie orrpaBhI HJIH
':ITO-HH6y,nh I1051p'!e?
JlopHa: Ha caMOM .nene 51 06 3TOM He .nyMana. 5I np11Mep10 tteCKOJibKO H IIOCMOTPIO, 'ITO .JIY'ill.le no.noitneT. MmKeT 6h1Th,
Bbl MHe ':ITO-HH6y,nh IIOCOBeryeTe.
JlopHa:

optician [::>p'tiJ~n]
prescription [pris'kripJ~n]
frame [freirn]
to prefer [pri'fa:]
rim [rim]
to try on [trai]
advice [~d'vais]

Of!THK
peu,errT
onpaBa
rrpe.nno':IHTaTh
060.noK, onpaBa
npHMepHTb
COBeT

"To do" B Ka'leCTBe 3aMeHLI

Jl,ono11Hume CJ1eay10U(ue npea110J1CeHUJ1:

Did you read the Sunday paper yesterday? Yes, I di~. Pete doesn't like
weeding the garden. Nor doe~ Sue. Lorna does not type as fast as
I do. Mike likes New York. So does John. Do you understand his English?
No, I don't. Eric knows more about computers than John does.
- - - - - - - ,lJ,JUI 3HATOKOB

------~

Idioms with "to do"

That won't do. (3TO He ro.n11TC5!.)
I cannot do without my cup of coffee. (51 He Mory o6ofrTHCh 6e3
'!alllKH Ko<t>e.)
I have done with him. (Me)l(,Uy HaMH Bee KOH':leHo.)

270

A Ballet Performance
Sue:
Pete:
Sue:

Pete:

EXERCISE

to-Infinitive
Translate the following sentences:
l. MbI Ha,n,eruntcb KYJIHTb 11JieTbI (6yKe . .nocTaTb) Ha
)lerneBblli peik B Hblo-H:opK.

2. IlOCKOJibKY BCe }')Ke 6bIJIO pacnpo)laHO, Mbl pelllHJIH

BMecrn 3Toro neTeTb B Ilopzyrrunuo.

3. OH pernHJI HHKOMY He roBOPHTh.

4. H He y)lHBJUUOCh, CJibillla 3TO.
5. OH XO'leT, 'IT06b1 OHa nouurn no Mara:mttaM.
6. HanoMHH MHe, tJT06b1 .SI no3BOHHJI )l;)l{eKY cero.n.H.SI
Be'lepoM.

271

Ch10:

Il1n:
Cb10:
IlHT:

51 pa,n:a, ciro ttaM YJI.a.JIOCb JI.OCTaTh 6HJieThJ Ha 6a.rreT ceroJI.IDI BeciepoM. 51 JI.YMa.rra, 'ITO Ha 3TOT crreKTaKJib see pacrrpoJI,aHo.
51 JI,yMalO, Ha Jle6eJI,lfHOe 03epO BCerJI,a BCe pacrrpoJI,aHO.
TamweT 3Ta 3HaMeHHTrui: pyccKrui: 6a.rrep11Ha, JI.a? KaK ee
30BYT?
qTO-TO oqetth pyccKoe 11 TPYJI.HOrrpoH3HOCHMoe.

ballet ['brelei]
performance [p;}'fo:m;}ns]
Swan Lake [sw::m leik]
Russian ['rAf;}n]
difficult ['difik;}Jt]
to pronounce [prn'nauns]

6a.rreT
rrpeJI.cTaBnett11e,crreKTaKJih
Jle6eJI.HHoe 03epo
PYCCKHH
TPYJI.HhIH
I1pOH3HOCHTh

Hncl>HHHTHB c to
IlepeeeiJume cAeiJy10U(ue npeiJAo:J1CeHUJ1:

1. We hoped to get a cheap flight to New York.

2. Since everything was already booked, we decided to fly to
Portugal instead.
3. He decided not to tell anybody.
4. I' m not surprised to hear that.
5. He wants her to go down to the shops.
6. Remind me to give Jack a call tonight.
.------ - - YfOJIOK 3KCilEPTA - - - - - - - ,
MYM6a-IOM6a - OTicy)J,a npoucxo.zurr 3TO CJIOBO?
"Mumbo-jumbo" (B TPaJlHUHOHHOH pyccKoi1 rrepe.uaqe M)'M6a-IOM6a) 03HaqaeT 6eCCMhICfleHHOe 6opMOTaHHe
(3aKJIHHaHHii). CnoBo rrpo11cxo)J.HT OT Ha3BaHIDI 11,Uona, KOroporo 6y)J.TO 6bJ ITO'IHTa.JIH HeKOTOpbie HerpHnIHCKHe
nneMetta.

272

A Fire
Sue and Pete are woken up in the middle of the night
by the sound of the fire-brigade outside. Pete sees
that two fire-engines have stopped on the opposite
side of the street. He notices flames in the upstairs
window of the
II
:11
house across the
~

road. Pete is relieved to see the

:~ ~
,
owners of the
house standing
~-~.~~~
in the street. At
least they got
out safely.

"In winter I get up at night

And dress by yellow candle-light.
In summer, quite the other way, I have to go to bed by day."
Robert Louis Stevenson

II011rap
Cb10 H IlHT cpe)J.H HOqH pa.36yxeHbI IIIYMOM IIO)l(apHOH KOMaH)J.bI.
IlHT BMHT, qTo Ha rrpOTHBOIIOJIO)l(HOH cropoHe yJIHIIhI ocTaHOBHJIHCb .UBe IIO)l(apHhie MaurnHhI. OH JaMeqaeT IIJiawr B BepXHeM OKHe .noMa Harrponrn. IlHT c o6JieI"leHHeM BMITT, qro BJia)J.eJibIIhI .uoMa CTOHT Ha YJIHIIe. Ilo KPaHHeit Mepe OHH cnaCJIHCb.
to wake up [weik]
sound [saund]
fire-brigade ['faiabri,geid]
fire-engine ['fafo,end3in]
opposite (':)pazit]
to be relieved [ri'li:vd]

6y.UHTb
3BYK, lll)'M
IIO)l(apHM KOMaH)J.a
IIO)l(apHM MaIIrnHa
npOTHBOIIOJIO)l(HbIH
ycnoKaHBaTbCH

3HMOIO 51 BCTaJO B HOqJ.i,

MHe CBeTHT )l(eJIThIH nyq CBeqff.
A JieTOM .uoJiro Me.nmu TeHb, Y)I( cnaTb nopa - Bee 6eJibiit .ueHb. Po6epT JlYHC CTHBeHcoH ( 1850-1894), wornaH)J.cKHH nHcaTeJih, HJ
''A Child's Garden ofVerse", " Bed in Summer" (CntxornopHbIH
)1.eTCKHH ca.u, JleTHH51 KpoBaTb)

TharoJILI MHeHHJI u coo6w;euHJ1 e naccuee

fJiaroJibI MHeHM H coo6meHM qacTo ynoTPe6AAJOTC51 B rraccHBe.
3a HHMH CJie.uyeT HH$HHHTHB c qacTHIIeH to. K 3THM rnaroJiaM OTHOC51TC51: believe, consider, report, say, suppose, think.

H. Hughes is said to be the richest man in the world. (foBOp51T, qro

r. Xhl03- caMbIH 6oraTbIH qenoBeK Ha JeMJie.) He is reported to possess a fortune ofthree billion dollars. (Coo6w;aeTc51, qro OH pacrroJiaraeT cocT051HHeM B TPH MHJIJIHap.ua * .noJIJiapoB.) America is supposed
to be the land ofunlimited possibilities. (AMepHKa c n1TaeTC5! CTPaHoif
1

HeorpaHffqeHHbIX B03MO)l(HOCTe:it.)

* Billion -

fouv111ott; aMep. MHJUI11apn:.

274

EXERCISE

The Passive Voice

Change the following sentences into the passive voice.
I. They spend a lot of money on education.
2. The council re-decorates the houses every ten
years.
3. Over 5,000,000 people read this newspaper every
day.
4. They export over 4,000,000 cars every year.
5. They close the door five minutes before the film
starts.
6. The government builds over 30,000 new houses
each year.

270
A Wine-Tasting
Sue: There was a letter from the shop where we always
buy our wine in the post today. This evening we've
been invited to a wine-tasting.
Pete: That is quite handy. Our stock has run out, and if
they have
some decent
new wines,
we can take
some home
with us.
Maybe we
should take
a taxi back.
275

269
IlaCCHB
Ilpeo6pa:Jyume CJZeoy10~ue npeo110:J1CeHUJ1 6 rjJopMy naccu6How 3aJ1020:

1. A lot of money is spent on education. (Ha 06paJosam1e T{)aTHTCH MHOro .ll,eHer.)

2. The houses are re-decorated every ten years (by the council.)
(B .ll,OMax npOBO.ll,HTCH (rop0.!1,CKOH ynpasoJ:i) KOCMeTH'-leCKHH peMOHT KiUK,llble .ll,eCHTb JieT.)
3. This newspaper is read by over 5,000,000 people every day. (3TY
raJery KiUK,llbIH .ll,eHh '-IHTalOT 6oJiee 5 000 000 JIIO.ll,eH.)
4. Over 4,000,000 cars are exported every year. (KaJiolhIH ro.ll. 3KCnoprnpyeTCH CBhIIlle 4 000 000 aBTOM06HJieJ:i.)
5. The door is closed five minutes before the film starts. ()l.sepb JaKPbIBaeTCH Ja nJITb MHHYT .ll.O HaYana cpHJihMa.)
6. Over 30,000 new houses are built each year by the government.
(KiUK,llhIH ro.ll, npaBHTeJihCTBO CT{)OHT 6oJiee 30 000 HOBhIX .ll,OMOB.)

,Il;erycTau.1u1 sun
Cb10:
TI11T:

Cero.ll,HH no no'-ITe np111llJio nHCbMO HJ MaraJ11Ha, r.ll,e MhI

scer.ll,a noKynaeM BHHO. Cero.ll,HH seqepoM Hae np11rnawa10T Ha .ll,eryCTaUHIO.
3rn secbMa KCTaTH. Harn Janae HCCHK, H ecJIH y HHX ecTh
npHJIH'-IHbie HOBbie Blt:Ha, Mbl 'Mo:lKeM BJSl,_Th KOe-'-ITO .ll,0MOM. Mo:lKeT 6hITh, o6paTHO rrpl1.ll,eTcH BJHTb TaKCH.

wine-tasting ['wain,teistiQ]
to be invited [in'vaitid]
handy ['hrendi]
stock [st:>k]
to run out [rAn]
decent ['di:snt]

.ll,eryCTaUHJl BHH
6b1Tb np11rnameHHhIM
Y.ll.06HbIM
Janae
HCCHKaTh
npHJIH'IHblH, HenJIOXOH

276

Roast Chestnuts
Sue: Look, over there, there is a man selling roast
chestnuts.
Pete: I haven't eaten them
in a long time. Let's
go and buy some.
Sue: We could buy some
uncooked chestnuts
at the weekend and
roast them on the
fire at home.
Pete: Good idea, but first
ofall I want to taste
these.

EXERCISE
Test Your Vocabulary
Complete the sentences below with the following words:
make, work, succeed, seek, offer, look, deal.
1. Our firm

a qualified representative.
2. We
a guaranteed salary.
3. We
for someone who
likes
with people.
4. He should be able to _ _ _ ___ new contacts.
5. He must _ _____ hard at this job.
6. If you wish to ______ phone us.
277

.IKapeHhle IOlIDTaHLI
CbIO:
IlHT:
CbIO:
IlHT:

CMOTpH, TaM 'leJioBeK rrpo.n:aeT )l(llpeHhie Kaun aHbI.

,lJ;aBHO SI HX He eJI. ,lJ;asatf rroH.n:eM H J<YITHM.
MbI MOX<eM J<YITHTh B BhrxO.UHbie Cbiphrx KaUITaHOB H rro.uX<apHTh HX .UOMa.
Xoporna.s1 H.neSI, HO rrpe)!()J.e SI xoqy rrorrpo6osaTh 3TH.

to roast [roust]
chestnut ['tfes11At]
to sell [sell
in a long time [bl)] [taim]
uncooked [,All'kukt]
to taste [teist]

X<apHTb
KallITaH
rrpo.uasaTb
,UaBHO
He rrpHrOTOBJieHHbIH, CbipOH
rrpo6osaTb

IlpoeepLTe CBOH CJIOBapHLIH 3anac

J(ono;mume aaHHble HUJICe npeaJloJICeHUJl CJleaylOU{UMU CJI060MU.'

make, work, succeed, seek, offer, look, deal.

'
l . Our firm is seeking a qualified representative.
(Hallfa ctnrpMa 11meT
KBaJIH<l>HU:HPOBaHHoro rrpe,UCTaBHTeJUI.)
2. We are offering a guaranteed salary. (Mbt npe,UJiaraeM rapaHTHposaHHYJO 3apa60Tttyro IIJiary.)
3. We are looking for someone who likes dealing with people. (Mb1
HUJ,eM 'leJioBeKa, KOTOPOMY HpaBHTCSI o6maTbCSI c JIIO.UhMH.)
4. He should be able to make new contacts. (Ott .uoJI)((eH )'MeTb ycTaHaBJIHBaTb HOBbie KOHTaKTbI.)
5. He must work hard at this job. (OH ,UOJI)((eH ttarrpSl)((eHHO pa6oTaTh Ha 3TOM MeCTe.)
6. Ifyou wish to succeed phone us. (EcJIH Bbl XOTHTe rrpeycrreTb, 3BOHHTe HaM.)

278

273
Baking for Christmas
Sue bought a new cook-book with recipes for cakes
and biscuits for Christmas. She does not bake very
often so she has to follow
the recipes carefully.
When she has prepared
several baking trays, the
kitchen floor is covered
in flour, raisins and all
the other ingredients.
Before she can do anything else she has to
get a brush and
clear up.

274

uOf all the needs a book has

the chief need is that it be readable."
Anthony Trollope

PmK,11.ecTBeucKaB Bbme11Ka
CbIO K)'mUia HOBYJO rroaapeHHYJO KHIHY c peuerrTaMH pmK,D.ecTBeHCKHX KeKcoa H rre'leHMI. Otta He TaK qacTo ne'leT caMa, TaK qro eti
Hy)KHO Tll.(aTeJlbHO CJle,D.OBaTb peuenTaM. Ilocne Toro KaK OHa npHrOTOBHJla HeCKOJlhKO cf:>opM )],JUI BhmeqKH, ITOJI B K)'XHe ITOKpbIJICSI
MYJ<OH, H3IOMOM H BCeMH npo'IHMH HHrpe.uHeHTaMH. Ilpe)l()le 'leM
.uenaTh 'ITO-TO .upyroe, ett Ha.llO B351Th merK)' H y6paTbCSI.
recipe ('resipi]
biscuit ['biskit]
to prepare [pri'pe~]
baking tray ('beikir) trei]
flour ['flau~]
raisin ['reizn]
ingredient [in'gri:dj~nt]

peuem
ne'leHbe
npHroTOBHTb
cf:>opMa )],JUI BhmeqKH
MYKa
H3IOM
HHrpe.u11eHT, COCTaBHaJI qacTb

113 Bcex Tpe6oaaHHH K KHHre rnaBHOe - 4T06hJ ee MO)!(f{O 6hIJIO

'lHTaTh. - 3HTOHH TpoJIJion (1815-1882), attrmtiicKHH nwcareJih,
113 ABT0611orpa>1111

"-ing" -cl>opMa maroJia nocJie o6opoTOB c "it"

u "how about/what abQut"
nocJie how about/what about H HeKOTOpblX o6opOTOB c it yno-rpe6JISieTCSI -ing-cf:>opMa rnarona. C10,D.a OTHOCHTCSI: it's (no) fun = 3TO (He)
3a6aBHO, (He) aeceno; it's no good, it's no use= 3TO ITJioxo, 3TO He
HMeeT CMbICJia; it's (not) worth it= 3TO (He) CTOHT Toro. B PYCCKOM
SI3hIKe TaKHe o6opoThI o6hl'IHO nepe.ua10Tc5I Heonpe.ueneHHOH
>opMoJ1 rnarona.

It's no use waiting/or them. (He HMeeT CMbrcna HX )1()1.aTb.) How about
having lunch in the meantime ? (A KaK Hacl!eT roro, 4T06hI B nepephlae noo6e.uaTb?) It's no fan standing around here in the rain. (H11KaKOH pa.uocTH - CTOSITb 3)leCb ITO)l )lO)l()leM.) What about going to the
pub then? (A KaK HaC'leT TOro, 'IT06bI CXO)lHTb B ITHBHOH 6ap?)
280

275
EXERCISE -

----

Sentences with "there"

Translate the f ollowing sentences into English, using
"there is/are":

B Attrmrn Mtto ro .um1<.uei'.l:?

Me)!()l.y Jlott.UOHOM tt DlaJro (KYPcttp yeT) HeCKOJlbKO
n oeJ.uos s .ueH b.
8 nyCTbIHe HeT BO.Ubl.
8 JlOH)lOHe M HOro M:HTepeCHbIX M)'Jees.
00 BbIXO)lHbIM H a aBTO)lOporax O'leHb O:l!G1BJJeH HOe
)lBIDKeHtte.
3TM:M JieTOM MHOfO 3eMJIJIHttKM:?

276
In the Pub
Pete:
Eric:
Pete:
Eric:

Pete:

Hello, Eric. Can I buy you a beer?

Yes, I'll take a pint of lager.
Barman, could I have a pint of
lager and another pint
of bitter, please?
Have you been

';:;,e/%:f my~

;as
/.P/l
first drink. Sue is l~ .' ';J
at one ofher
wm..---..Q.._
night-classes and
I got bored on
___
own.

___A

my

28 1

Ilpe,ll,JloJKellJUI c "there"
Is there a lot of rain in England? There are several trains per day between London and Glasgow. There is no water in the desert. There are
lots of interesting museums in London. On weekends, there is a lot of
traffic on the motorways. Are there a lot of strawberries this summer?

. - - - - - - - - - - ,UJUI 3HATOKOB - - - - - ----,

llioTJiaH,ZJ,cKJtil aumHiicKllH

OyreruecrneHHHK, Korophrn snepBhie nona,neT BlllornaH..mflO, ttasepID1Ka CTOJIKHeTcJI c TPYJlHOCTHMH npH o6mettHl1 c MeCTHhIM11
)l(J.1Te.JUIMH. Y Hl1X ropa3,llo 6oJiee ropTaHHOe npoH3HOlllem1e, 11 so
MHOfl1X CJIY'lfil!X ynOTPe6JIJIJOTCJI oco6bie CJIOBa. 0.nttaKO HeKOTOpbie lUOTJiaH)J.CKJ1e CJIOBa MO)l(HO HaHTH H B attfJIHHCKOM JI3blKe, HanpHMep, "cradle" (KOJihI6eJih, JIJOJibKa), "plaid" (ruepcrnHoe noKpbIBaJIO B KJieTKY, nJie.n), "tartan" (lllOTJiaH)J.CKaJI TKaHb,
nJieJl) 11 "loch" (o3epo).

B DHBHOM 6ape
fl HT:
3p11K:
TI11T:

3pl1K:
I1HT:

I1p11seT, 3p11K. Mo)l(Ho yrocTHTh Te6JI nHBOM?

,ll,a, JI B03bMY ITHHTY csernoro n11sa.
EapMett, 6yJlhTe Jl06pbI, MO)l(\iO MHe rrnttry csernoro n11sa, a JlPYfYIO nHHTY- rophKoro?
TbI JlaBHO 3JleCh?
HeT, 3TOMOH nepBhIH 3aKa3. ChJO Ha KaKl1X-TO CBOHX seqepHHX KYPCax, a JI 3ac~aJI B OJll1HoqecTBe.

pint [paint]
Jager ['la:g~]
barman ['ba:m~n]
bitter ['bit~]
night-class ['naitkla:s]
to be bored [b:>:d]

rnrnTa (0,5711)
Jiarep, CBeTJIOe TIHBO
6apMeH
ropbKOe rnmo
seqepHHe KYPChI
c~aTb

282

 A Fictional Figure

We are looking for the title of a novel published in

1719 by Daniel Defoe. The man in question has been
shipwrecked on a desert island. With the help of a
few utensils he builds himself a house, a boat and
manages to domesticate some goats. A visit to the
island by some cannibals causes him great dismay,
but he befriends one of the natives whom he calls
Friday. Eventually he is rescued by an English ship
and taken home again.
j What is the name of this character?

EXERCISE
Prepositions
Fill in the missing prepositions.

1. The little girl ran

the street.
2. Her mother was standing
the butcher's.
3. They went
the shop to get some meat.
4. He's always talking
money.
5. What are you doing
Christmas?
6. He's very interested
tennis.
7. He will be in Berlin
two weeks.
8. I've never been
Glasgow.
283

repoii pOMaHa
Mb1 xoTHM y3HaTb Ha3BaHHe poMaHa, orry6JIHKOBaHHoro B 1719 r.
)J.aHH3JieM )J.eo. HcKOMhIH repoi1 nocJie Kopa6JieKpyrneHIDI 6bIJI
BhI6porneH Ha rryCTblHHbIH OCTPOB. IlpH IlOMOIIIll HeCKOJibKHX HHCTpYMeHTOB OH CTPOHT ce6e .[(OM, JIO.[(Ky, a eme eMy y.a,aeTCSI np11PY'fHTh K03. Ilocememte ocTpoBa ruieMeHeM mo.noe,uoB noBepraeT
ero B }')KaC, HO OH 3aBSI3bIBaeT .np}')K.6y c O.[(HHM H3 1)'3eMueB, KOTOporo Ha3brnaeT lUrrHHUei1. HaKoHeu ero cnacaeT H yso3HT Ha poJJ:HHY aHrJIHHCKHH Kopa6Jih. KaK 30ByT 3Toro reposi:?
Robinson Crusoe
Po6HH30H Kpy30

IIpe,ziJiom
Bcma6bme nponyU1,eHHbte npeaAozu:

1. The little girl ran across the street. (ManeHhKaSI ,ueBO'lKa nepe6e:>KaJia YJIHuY.)

2. Her mother was standing in front of the butcher' s. (Ee MaTb cToSIJia nepe.a, JiaBKOH WICHHKa.)

3. They went into the shop to get some meat. (OHH noIIIJIH B JiaBKy,
'lT06bJ KYflHTh WI.Ca.)

4. He' s always talking about money. (OH Bcer.ua roBopHT o ,ueHbrax.)

5. What are you doing at Christmas? (qTo Bbl ,ueJiaeTe Ha Po)l(JJ:eCTBo?)

6. He' s very interested in tennis. (OH O'leHb HHTepecyeTcsi: TeHHl1coM.)

7. He will be in Berlin for two weeks. (OH npo6y,ueT B fiepmrne .a,Be

He.a,eJIH.)

8. I've never been to Glasgow. (51 HHKor.ua He 6hIJI B fJia3ro.)

284

279
Letters
Sean got a letter from his insurance company,
informing him that the no-claims bonus of his car
insurance had increased
by 5 per cent, because
he had not made any
claims in the previous
year. He was quite
content till he read the
other letter which informed him that his car
insurance was to be
raised by 7 percent.

EXERCISE

Relative Pronouns
Fill in the appropriate relative pronoun:

1. The book
I read last night was very
interesting.
2. The lady
I talked to was Jill White.
3. The new film
is on in the cinema is an
American one.
4. The girl
I met at the grocer's was Laura.
5. Sean,
loves music, bought a new CD.
285

IlHCbMa
IlloH IlO.JJY'IHJI nHChMO H3 CBOeH CTpaxOBOH KOMJiaHHH, B KOTOpOM
coo6marroch, qTo npeMIDI 3a oTcyrcTBHe peKJiaMfilU'lH no ero aBToM06HJihHOM CTpaXOBKe YBeJIWIHJiaCb Ha 5 npoueHTOB, noTOM)' qTO
OH He npe,ubHBJIIDJ peKJiaMaUHH B npoUIJioM ro.zzy. OH 6bm oqeHb .noBOJieH, noKa He npoqeJI BTOpoe nHChMO, B KOTOPOM coo6marrocb,
no CTpaxOBKa aBTOM06HJUI nOBhilUaeTCH Ha 7 npoueHTOB.

claim [kleim]
bonus ['boun;)S]
to increase [in'kri:s]
per cent [p;) 'sent]
previous ['pri:vj;)s]
content [bn'tent]
to raise [reiz]

Tpe6oBaHHe; npeTeH3HH, HCK

6oH)'c,npeMIDI
B03pacTaTh,YBeJIHqHBaThCH
npoueHT
npe.nhlllYJ.UHM, npOUIJihIH
,nOBOJihHbIH
no,nHHMaTb, nOBhilllaTb

0THOCHTeJibHbie MeCTOHMeHIDI

BcmaBbme noaxoOJlU(Ue omHOCUmeJlbHbte MecmoUMeHUJl:

1. The book that/which I read last night was very interesting.

2. The lady that/who I talked to was Jill White.
3. The new film that/which is on in the cinema is an American one.
4. The girl that/who I met at the grocer's was Laura.
5. Sean, who loves music, bought a new CD.

I . KttHra, KOTOPYJO H qHTarr B'Iepa Be'-!epoM , 6htJia oqeHh HHTepecttoH.

2. L(aM)', c KOTopoi1 H roBopHJI, 30BYT ,[()l(HJJJ] Yai1T.

3. HoBbIB $HJihM, KOTOpbIH H,neT B KHHO, - aMepHKaHCKHH.
4. ,[(eBYlllKa, KOTOpYJO H BCTpeTHJI y 6aKarrei1mHKa, - Jlopa.
5. llloH, mofoneJib M)'3hIKH, KYflHJI HOBhlH KOMnaKT-,nHCK.

286

In the Office
Once again Sean's colleagues are faced with the
annual problem of working out a holiday plan for the
summer. There are quite
~
a few people with children
~
at school who, of course,
~
all want time off during
~
the school holidays.
~
Usually they manage to
'
come to some agreement
but this year it seems to
be a greater problem than
in the past years.

"Liberty means
responsibility. That is why
most men dread it."
George Bernard Shaw

B oct>uce
KoJIJiern llioHa CHOBa CTOJIKHyJIHCb c e)l(efO,ll.HOH npo6JleMOH coCTaBJlemrn rpa<J>HKa nenrnx OTIIyCKOB. HecKOJlbKO 'IeJloBeK c ,LJ.eTbMH llIKOJlbHOfO B03pacTa, KOHe'IHO )Ke, Bee KaK O,ll.HH XOTHT B3}1Tb
OTrryCK BO BpeMH lllKOJlbHhIX KaHHicyJl. 06bI'IHO y,LJ.aeTCH npHHTH
K KaKOMY-TO COfJlallleHJno, HO B 3TOM fO)l.y, Ka)l(eTCH, npo611eMa
6yneT OCTPee, 'IeM B npolllJlhle ro,LJ.bl .

colleague ['k:>li:g]
annual ['renju;)l]
to work out [w;):k]
usually [Ju:3u;)li]
agreement [;)'gri:m;)nt]
past [pa: st]

KOJIJiera
e)l(efO,ll.HblH
COCTaBJlSITb
06bl'IHO
cornallleHJfe, KOMnpOMHCC
npOIIIJlbIH

CBo6o,LJ.a rro,LJ.pa3yMeBaeT orneTCTBeHHOCTh. Ilo3TOMY 6oJlhlllifHCTBO JIJO,LJ.eH ee )')KaCHO 6oHTCSI. -)htcop)l.)I( Eepttap,LJ. llioy (1856-1950),
HpJiaH)l.CKHH IlHCaTeJlb, MaKCHMbI )J)UI peBOJIJOQHOHepOB

OruocuTeJILHbie npe,IJ,Jio:>KellIDI
0THOCHTeJlbHbie npe)l.JIO)l(eHHH, Bbl)l.eJISieMhie 3aTIHTbJMH, - Heo6H3aTeJlbHbie OTHOCHTeJlbHble npe)l.JIO)l(eHHH. IlpMaTO'IHOe rrpe,!1.JIO)l(eHHe, Bhl)l.eAAeMoe 3aTIHTbIMH, MO)KIHO orryCTHTb, He HCKa)l(aH
CMblCJia rrpe)l.JIO)l(ettHH:

Jill's husband, who comes from Glasgow, works as an accountant. M~ ~. KOTOpb1H: po,LJ.oM 113 fna3ro, pa6oTaeT 6yxraJITepoM.
M~ ~ pa6oTaeT 6yxranrepoM. - Ba)l(Hettlllee BhICKa3bIBam1e coxpaHHeTc.H).

(Jill's husband works as an accountant. -

OTHOCHTeJlbHbie npe)l.JIO)l(eHHH, COBepllleHHO He06XO)l.HMbie )J)UI nepe,LJ.a'IH CMbICJla npe)l.JIO)l(eHHH, HeJib3H BbIHeCTH 3a CK06KH - OHH
rrpe,LJ.CTaBAAIOT co6ol1 Heo6xom1Mbie OTHOCHTeJihHbie rrpeMO)l(eHHH H He Bbl)l.eJlHIOTCH 3anSITblMH:

People who rob banks should be sent to prison. 6SIT 6aHKH, Ha,LJ.O Ca)l(aTb B TIOpbM)'.

288

Jlio,LJ.ett, KOTOpbre rpa-

EXERCISE

Word Order
Make up sentences from thefollowing mixed-up words:
1. their hi-fi, play, far too loudly, our neighbours
2. was, really crowded, yesterday afternoon, the pub
3. from Sydney, got, last night, Jill, a phone call
4. into a new house, they'll be, at the end of the year,
moving
5. early, goes to bed, he sometimes

In the Supermarket
Jill:
Sean:
Jill:

Oh look, there's sherry on sale. We should buy

several bottles.
You hardly ever
drink sherry.
That doesn 't
matter. Just
think of how
much money we
can save if we
buy ten bottles.
It's always ideal
:~
as an aperitif.
&, ___

10 - AHrm1j;icKa!l rpaMM8HIK8 WYT!l

289

IlopsmoK CJioe
Cocmaebme npeaAo:>K:eHu.R U3 CJ1eiJy10~ux pa3p03HeHHblX CAoe:

l. Our neighbours play their hi-fi far too loudly.

2. The pub was really crowded yesterday afternoon.
3. Jill got a phone call from Sydney last night.
4. They'll be moving into a new house at the end of the year.
5. He sometimes goes to bed early.

l. Hanm coceJJ;H 3anycKaJOT cso10 crepeoc11creMY qepecqyp rpoMKo.

2. Bqepa JJ;HeM na6 6bIJI npocTo nepeno;rneH.

3. Bqepa seqepoM ~ noJBOHHJIH 113 C11JJ;ttes1.
4. B KOHU.e roJJ;a OHH nepeeJJ;yT B HOBbIH J];OM.
5. HttorJJ;a OH patto nmKHTCSI cnaTb.

B cynepMapKeTe
CMOTPH-Ka, TaM xepec co CKHJlKOH. HaJJ;o 6b1 ttaM KYJlHTh
HeCKOJihKO 6YThIJIOK.
Ho Thi noqT11 He nheIIIh xepec.
ill OH:
,lJ;)l(HJIJI: HeB(l)l(HO. Thi TOJihKO noJJ;yMaH:, CKOJihKO MhI )letter MO)l(eM C3KOHOMHTh, ecJIH KYJlHM JJ;ecsiTb 6YThIJIOK. Ott BcerJJ;a H)leaJihHO H)leT B Kaqecrne anepHTHBa.
to be on sale [seil]
several ['sevrnl]
hardly ['ha:dli]
to save [seiv]
ideal [ai'dfal]
aperitif [~.peri'ti:f]

6hITh B pacnpOJJ;ff)l(e,
npoJJ;aBaTbCSI co CKH)lKOH
HeCKOJibKO
eJJ;Ba, BPS!Jl JIH
3KOHOMHTb
H)leaJibHhIH
anepHTHB

290

"The shortest way

to do many things is
to do only one thing at once."
Samuel Smiles

EXERCISE

Prepositions
Fill in the right prepositions in the following sentences (with, at, of, on, about, as, from, in):
... 8.15 .. . Monday night, we watched a live rock concert. It was the second programme ... a new series . . .
the Television Theatre . . . London. A little later ( ... 9
o'clock) we watched "Kojak" .. . Telly Savalas ...
Lieutenant Theo Kojak. The film was ... a killing in
the streets.

29 1

KpaT'IaihIIHH nyrh c,ueJiaTb MHOro ,ueJI - BCHKHH pa3 ,ueJiaTb TOJibKO o.ntto .ueno. - C3MI03JI CMaHJ!c (1812-1904), aHrnHHCKHH XHpypr H ra3eTHbIH H3,uareJib ( IloMorH ce6e caM)

MecTo eape1111ii B npe~olKeHHH

I always have breakfast in bed. - 51scer.ua3aBTpaKaio B rrocTeJIH. She
suddenly started sneezing. - Btte3antto oHa HalfaJia lfHXaTb. You're
never on time. - Thi HHKor.ua He npHXO.Ulllilb oospeWI. I shonld probably have stopped at the lights. - HasepHoe, MHe 6b1 cne.uosaJio ocTaHOBHThC.H Ha CBeTo<Pope.
IlpOH3BO,UHble Hape'IIDI (npHJiaraTeJibHOe + -ly), KaK H ttape'IIDI
lfaCTOTHOCTH (never, always, usually H T.,U.), CTOHT 60JibUJeH 'laCTblO
nepe.u IIOJIH03Ha'IHblM rnaroJIOM, HO DOCJie rnaroJia be, paBHO KaK
H nepsoro scrroMoraTeJihttoro rnarona (ttanp., should).

Ilpe~om

Bcmaebme Heoocmmow,ue npeo1wzu:

At 8.15 on Monday night, we watched a live rock concert. It was the
second programme of a new series from the Television Theat re in
London. A little later (at 9 o ' clock) we watched " Koj ak" with Telly
Savalas as Lieutenant Theo Kojak. The film was about a killing in the
streets.

B 8.15 seqepa B noHe,ueJibHHK MbI CMOTPeJIH npHMYJO TPaHCJI51llHIO

poK-KOHJ.J.epTa. 3TO 6bIJia BToprui: nporpaMMa HOBOH cepHH TPaHcJI51UHH 113 TeneBH3HOHHoro TeaTPa Jlott.notta. HeMHOro II03)1(:e (B 9
qacos) MhI CMOTPeJIH KOH.HK c TeJIJIH CasaJiacoM B p oJIH JieHTeHattrn Teo KoH.51Ka. 3To 6bIJI cPHJihM 06 y6HH.crnax Ha ynHuax.

292

EXERCISE - - - - -

Future
Translate the following sentences into English, paying attention to the different forms of the future:
l. Bbl co61-1paeTecb rroo6e.naTh c HaMH?

2. B cJie.uy10UJ,eM ro.ny Mhl ornpaBKMCjl B KaJrnq>0pHHJO.

3. JI He co6Hpa!OCb IlJlaTHTb TaK)'lO QeffY.
4. He6o rrpoj{CffjleTcjl. ,[(mK.Uh Bce-rnKH He co6HpaeTcjl.
5. Harn noe3.n oTnpaBJUieTCjl B .necj{Tb qacoB.

Needlework
Laura:
Jill:

Laura:

Mummy, we had knitting in school today and

the teacher said we should practice some more
at home.
Then get your
wool and needles
out and show
me what you've
learned.
It 's not very good.
Actually I was
hoping that you
would help me.

293

liy~ee

epeMJ1

Ilepe6eaume CJ1eay10U{ue 6blpoJK:eHUR HO pyccKuu R3blK, 06poll{OJ1 6HuMoHue Ho p03Hble rjJopMbl 6yayll{ew BpeMeHu:

1. Are you going to have dinner with us? 2. Next year we will go to
California. 3. I'm not going to pay this price. 4. The sky is clearing
up. It's not going to rain after all. 5. Our train leaves at ten o'clock.
~------

AJU13HATOKOB ------~
Moxie
AMepHKaHcKoe Bhlpaxcemrn "moxie" MO:lKeT HMeTh cne.uyiomHe
3Halfemrn: CMeJIOCTh, .uep30CTh; JIOBKOCTh, cMeTKa. Ero ynoTpe6HJI LJ:3cXHJ1J1 X3MMerr: "You' re young and tough and got the max-
ie and can hit". Bh1paxcettHe npo11cxo.u11T H3 peKJiaMHoro cnoratta: "What this country needs is plenty of Moxie" (MapKa 6e3anKoroJihHoro HanHTKa).

Jlopa:

MaMa, MhI cero.uJUJ BlllKOJie BSI3aJIH, HYlfHTeJihHHUa cKa3aJia, lfT06bI Mhl 60Jihllle ynp(l)!(lUJJ]HCb .UOMa.
.ll::lKHJlJI: Tor.ua .uocrntth lllepcTb HcnHUhI H noKa:lKH MHe, lfeMY Thi
HayqHJiach.
Jlopa:
3TO He olfeHb xopolllo. Ha caMOM .uene SI tta,neS1Jiacb, lfTO
Thi MHe IlOMO:lKelllb.

needlework ['ni:dlw~:k]
to knit [nit]
to practice ['prrektis]
wool [wul]
needle ['ni:dl)
actually ['rektju~li]

PYKO.UeJIHe
BSl3aTb
ynpa:lKIUIThCSI
lllepCTh
11rna; crmua
Ha caMOM .uene

294

"Poverty is no disgrace to a man,

but it is confoundly inconvenient."
Sydney Smith

290
A Telephone Answering Machine
Jill:

Sean:
Jill:

You won't believe it, but my brother has in. stalled a telephone answering machine.
What does he
need that/or?
You know how he
always thinks he
might be missing
something. He
probably thinks
lots ofpeople are
trying to phone
him when he's
not at home.
295

oe.n;uocTh ue nopoK, no xcyTKoe uey.n;o6cTBO. - CHllHH CMHT

( 1771-1845), aurmtHCKHH n11caTeJih, Ero YM 11 MY.npoCTh

MecTo eape'lllii: B npe,LVIoJKeHHH

Who invited Jill and Sean to the birthday party? - KTO np11rnacHJI
,I(xHJIJI H Illoua ua npa3.n;u0Bau11e .n;IDI pmK.n;emrn?
I lost my address book yesterday. - B'lepa H noTepSIJI CBOIO a.n;pecHYIO KHIDKK)'.

Last Sunday evening we went for a Mexican meal. - B npoIIJJioe BocKPeCeHbe Be'lepoM Mbl XO,ll;HJIH B MeKCHKaHCKHH pecTopaH.
Hape'IHSI Mecra (r.n;e? KY.na?) H onpe.n;e.11eHHoro speMeHH (Kor.n;a HMeHuo?) CT051T 60JihIIIeH .JaCThIO B KOHUe npe)1)10)l(emrn.
Hape'IHSI onpe,11.e.11eHHoro speMeHH, Koma HX ffY)l(HO oco6o no)l.1.JepKHyTh, HaxOMTCH B Ha'laJie npe)1)10)l(eHM.
B pyccKoM H3hIKe nopH.n;OK cnos cso6o.n;HhIH, 11 npH nepeso.n;e He
CJie.n;yeT KOITHpOBaTb IlOCTaHOBKY uape'IH51 B npe)1)10)l(eHmf TaK, KaK
3TO npHIDITO B aHrJIHHCKOM.

ABTOOTBeT'IHK

,U)l(HJIJI: Thi ue noBepHlllh, HO MOH 6paT nocTaBHJI aBTOOTBeT'IHK.

IlloH:

3a1.JeM eMY 3TO ffY)l(HO?

,I(xHJIJI: Thi 3HaeIIIh, OH Bcer.n;a .nYMaeT, 'ITO B.n;pyr 'ITO-TO ynycTHT.

Ou, sepoHTHO, nonaraeT, 'ITO MHO)l(eCTBO nio.n;eH: nhITaeTCH eMy ,11;03BOHHThC51, Kor.n;a ero HeT JJ;OMa.
telephone answering machine
['telifoun 'a:ns;)ril) m;)jt:n]
to believe [bi'li:v]
to install [in'st:>:l]
to need [ni:d]
always [':>:lweiz]
to miss [mis]

aBTOOTBeT'IHK
sepHTh
YCTaHaBJIHBaTh; MOHTHpOBaTh
tty)l(,naThCH
scer.n;a
nponyCTHTh,ynyCTHTh

296

EXERCISE
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English:
1. K ttecqacThIO, MhI 3a6hIJIH BhifIYCTHTh KOIIIK)'.
2. Otta BHe3arrno Haqarra lJHXaTh.
3. j{ ,IzyMaIO, qTo cero.nIDI BeqepoM ocTattych .noMa.
4. lllott ueJihIH .netth ttanpIDKeHHO pa6oTarr.
5. Cero,nIDI MhI nonarrH .noMotl TOJihKO B TPH qaca (He
patthme TPeX qacoB) yrpa.
6. IlpOIIIJihIM BeqepoM Mhl 6bIJIH B KHHO.

Selling by Phone
Salesman: Mrs. White, I would like to congratulate you.
You are one qf the lucky people chosen to see
our newly puba
fished encyclope~r~
dia. Could I call at
your house so that
you can get a.first(fffi (J
hand impression?
~
i))J).
Jill:
No thank you,

you would just be

wasting your time.
We've got enough
books.

297

Ilepeeo,ll,
IJepe6eiJume npeiJAOJ#CeHUJI Ha aH2/IUUCKUU Jl3blK:

1. We had unfortunately forgotten to let the cat out.

2. She suddenly started to sneeze.
3. I think I'll stay home tonight.
4. Sean has been working hard all day.
5. We didn't get home till 3 o'clock this morning.
6. Last night we were in the cinema.

~-----

YTOJIOK 3KCI1EPTA -----~

BOT ttecKOJibKO co1<pameHHH, BCUK.HbIX J1)UI MapKenrnra
H peKJiaMbl:
Flyers
= Fun Loving Youth En Route To Success
Grumpies =Grown-Up Mature Professionals
Milkies
= Modest Introverted Luxury Keepers

292
Ilpo,ll,aJKa no TeJieclmey
Ilpo.naBeu: MHcc11c YaliT, xo'-ly Bae no3.npaBHTb. Bbl B '-IHCJie c'-laCTJIHB'-IHKOB, H36paHHhlX)J)Ul)leMOHCTpawm ttaweM. He.naBHO H3.UaHHOH 3HllHKJione.nHM. Mo)!(HO Mtte 3afln1
K BaM, '-IT06bl Bbl CMOfJIH Ha Hee B3fmIHYTb?
,L()KHJIJI:
HeT, cnac1160, Bbl TOJibKO 3pst TIOTPaTHTe BpeMst. Y Hae
.llOCTaTO'-IHO KHHf.
to congratulate
[k:m'grretjuleit]
lucky ['Wei]
to publish ['pAblij]
encyclopedia
[en,saiklou'pi:dj:)]
first-hand [,fa:st 'hrend]
impression [im'pref:)nj
to waste one's time
[weist] [taim]

no3.npaBJIS1Tb
y)la'-IJIHBhlH
ny6JIHKOBaTb, 113,llaBaTb
3HUHKJIOne.nIDI
Henocpe.ncTBeHHblH, npHMOH
Bne':laTJiem1e
3pS1 TpaTHTb BpeM51,
Tep51Tb BpeM51

298

In the Beauty Parlour

Jill:

My husband gave me a gift token at Christmas for afull treatment, and this is the first
chance I've had
to use it.
Beautician: Ifyou have so
little spare time,
you really need
an hour's relaxation. Just sit
down in this
chair and leave
everything to me.

EXERCISE
Past Simple or Present Perfect?
1. What a nuisance! I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (forget) my
keys again!
2. When we first
(come) to this
town, it
(be) relatively easy to
find a parking place near our house. Now
it
(become) a big problem.
3. They
(start) to build this
motorway three years ago, and they still _ __
_ _ _ (not finish) it!
4. I
(finish) this exercise at last!
I
(not expect) that it would be
so difficult.
299

B caJioee KpacOThl
Mol1: M)')K no.uapHJI MHe Ha Pm1<.uecrno no.uapoqHbIH
K)'IIOH Ha nmrnoe o6cny)iamaJrne, 11 ceH:qac y MeIDI no.sIBHJiaCb nepBa.sI B03MO)l(HOCTb ero 11CilOJib30BaTb.
KocMeTOJior: EcJI11 y Bae TaK MaJIO BpeMeH11, BaM Ha caMoM .ueJie
H)')KH.a qacOBa.sI peJiaKcau11.s1. IlpOCTO Ca,lll1TeCb B 3TO
KPeCJIO 11 npe.uocTaBbTe Bee MHe.

)hia.um:

beauty parlour ['bju:ti,pa:fa]

gift token ['gift ,touk~n]
treatment ['tri:tm~nt]
chance [tfa:ns]
spare time [spe~ taim]
relaxation [,ri:lrek'seif~n]

CaJIOH KpacOTbI
no.uapoqHbIH KYCTOH
06cJIY)KHBaH11e
lliaHC, cnyqaH, B03MO)l(HOCTb
cBo6o;:nme BpeM.sI
peJiaKCaU11.sI,OTL1bIX

Past Simple HJIH Present Perfect?

1. What a nuisance! I have forgotten my keys again!
2. When we first came to this town, it was relatively easy to find a parking place near our house. Now it has become a big problem.
3. They started to build this motorway three years ago, and they still
have not finished it.
'
4. I have finished this exercise at last! I did not expect that it would be
so difficult.
1. BoT .uoca.ua! 51 On.sITb 3a6hIJI Kmoq11!
2. Kor.ua Mbl TOJlbKO np11eXaJIH B3TOT ropo.u, 6blJIO LIOBOJibHO Jier-

KO HaHTH napKOBKY no6JIH30CTH OT Hamero LIOMa. Cej;j:qac 3TO CTaJIO 60JlbllIOH npo6J1eMOH.
3. 3zy aBTOCTpa.uy HaqaJI11 CTpOHTb Tpl1 ro.ua Ha3a.u H BCe eme He 3aKOH'IHJil1.
4. HaKoHeU-TO .s1 c.ueJiaJI 3TO ynpaJKHeH11e! 51 He O)IG1)1,aJI, 'ITO OHO
OKIDKeTc.sI TaKHM TPYLIHbIM.

300

"Reading is to the mind

what exercise is to the body."
Sir Richard Steele

At the Garage
Luckily Sean has a fully
comprehensive insurance.
He takes his car to the garage where he bought it
and asks them to repair the
damage. The mechanic
tells him that they are
very busy at the moment,
but since he is a good
customer, they will deal
with his car in about two
weeks' time.

301

qTem1e ,UJUI YMa - TO )l(e, qTo rHMHacntKa ,UJUI TeJia. - C3p P11qapJJ. CTHJI (1672-1729), HpJiaHJJ.CKHH rmcaTeJih, 113 Tat/er

Past Simple u Present Perfect

C11rHaJihHhie CJIOBa ,UJUI

Past Simple
yesterday
last night/
last week/
in 1992
on Sunday
at 2 o'clock
a week ago
when

Bqepa
Bqepa BeqepoM
Ha npOlllJIOH
HeJJ.eJie
B 1992 f.
B BOCKpeceHbe
B 2 qaca
HeJJ.emo HaJaJJ.
KOrJJ.a

C11rHaJihHhie cnoBa ,UJUI

Present Perfect
up to now/
until now/
so far
yet
(c OTpH~aHHeM)
(He hasn't seen
it yet.)
yet
(BonpOCHTeJibmrn <t>opMa)
(Has he sec;:n
it yet?)

IlOKa/
JJ.O CHXIlOp
ewe He

)')Ke

B aBTocepBnce
Ilo cqacThIO, y Illotta noJIHrui: CTpIDCOBKa. OH JJ.OCTaBJUieT CBOIO Maumtty B aBTocepBHC, rJJ.e OH ee KYilHJI, H npocwT oTpeMOHTHpoBaTh
noBpe)l(JJ.eHHe. MexaHHK roBopwT eMy,qTo B HacT05IlllHH MOMeHT
OHH O'!eHh 3aH51Thl, HO IlOCKOJihKY OH xopornm1: KJIHeHT, OHH 3a:HM)'TC51 ero MallIHHOH npHMepHO qepe3 )].Be HeJ].eJIH.
garage ['grerid3)
fully comprehensive
['fuli,k::lmpri'hensiv]
to repair [ri'p;)]
mechanic [rni'krenik]
busy ['bizi]
customer ['kAst;}m;}]
to deal with sth [di:l]

rapIDK; aBTOcepBHC
noJIHhIH (o cmpaxo6Ke)
q11HHTb,peMOHTHpOBaTb
MexaHHK
3aH51ThIH
KJIHeHT
3aH51TbC51 qeM-JI.

302

Preparing the Christmas Pudding

Loma:
Sue:

I always like preparing the Christmas pudding

in October. It makes me think of Christmas
dinner.
It does taste
much better than
a pudding
bought from a
shop, but then
one tends to put
far more brandy
into it than it
says in the
recipe.

EXERCISE

"get" plus Prepositions

Fill each blank space with a phrase made from get:

1. I wonder whether Laura will ever _____ her

shyness.
2. What time did you _____ home last night?
3. We're hoping to be able to
for the
weekend.
4. I don't want to go to their party but I don't see how
I can
it.
5. How are you _____ with your new
neighbours?
303

IlpHroToBJieHHe poJK,ZJ;ecTBeucKoro ny.zumra

JlopHa:
Cb10:

MHe Bcer.na HpaBHTcsi: roroBHTh po)IQJ,ecTBeHcI<Jlli ny.LU1Hf

B OKTSl6pe. 3To HaIIOMHHaeT MHe po)IQJ,eCTBeHCKHH CTOJI.
3To HaMHoro BKYCHee, qeM ny.nHHr H3 MaraJHHa, HO Be.Uh
B Hero 06h1qHo .no6aBJIIDOT ropaJ.no 6oJihllle 6peH,nH, qeM
cKaJaHo B peuerrTe.

to prepare [pri'pe~]
to think of sth [0il)k)
to taste [ teist]
to tend [tend]
far more [fa: mo:]
brandy ['bramdi]

fOTOBHTh
.nyMaTb 0 ':leM-JI.
6bITh BKYCHhIM
HMeTb o6blKHOBeHHe
ropa3,no 60Jibllle
6peH,llH

TharoJI get llJllOC ope)J,Jlom

Bcmaobme o nponycKu KOHcmpyKu,uu c ZAaZOflOM get:

1. I wonder whether Laura will ever get over her shyness.

2. What time did you get (back) home last night?
3. We're hoping to be able to get away for the weekend.
4. I don't want to go to their party but I don't see how I can get out
of it.

5. How are you getting on with your new neighbours?

1. 11irrepeCHO, CMO)l(eT JIH Jlopa KOr.na-ID16Y.llh npeo,ll.OJieTb CBOIO po6oCTb.

2. Bo CKOJihKO Bbl sepuyJIHCb .noMoi1 Bqepa BeqepoM?

3. MbI Ha,neeMcsi:, qTo HaM y.nacTcsi: yexaTb Ha BhIXO.llHhle.
4. 51 He xoqy H,llTH Ha HX BeqepHHKY, HO He 3HaIO, KaK MHe 3TOfO H36e:iKaTb.

5. KaK Bbl Jia,ZJ.HTe c BallIHMH HOBhIMH coceMMH?

304

- - - - - EXERCISE - - - - - -

The Russian ":no" and its English

Equivalents
Translate the following sentences into English, using the
proper personal pronouns:
I . KTo 3Ta )!(em1orna Ha <l>0Torpa<t>1n1? 3TO MO.II TeT.II.

2. KTO 3BOHHT no TeJie<t>mzy? - 3TO MOit me<t>.

3. KTO 3TH .neTH? - 3TO .npy3b.Sl )l)KoHa.

At the Building Society

At the building society Jill and Sean have a talk with
the head of the credit department about the best way
to finance building their
~
house. They have a certain
amount saved up and wish
w~
to use as much of their
own capital as possible.
The building society offers
to lend them the difference at an interest rate
which is slightly below the
normal rate.

305

PyccKoe 3TO H ero aurJIHilcKHe 3KBHBaJieHTw

IlepeBeoume Ha aH211uucKuu R3blK, ucno11b3y1111u<tHble MecmoUMeHUR:

1. "Who is that woman on the photograph?" - "She is my aunt."

2. "Who is the man on the telephone?" - "He is my boss."
3. "Who are these children?" - "They are John's friends."
~------

,UIDI 3HATOKOB

------~

Idioms with "talk"

to talk o.s. hoarse

to talk sb into believing sth

= .norOBOpHTbCH .no xpHIIOTbI

= 3aCTaBHTb KOrO-JT. IlOBepHTb,

to talk sb into sth

= yroBopHTb KOfO-JT. Ha qTo-JT.

y6e,nHTb KOfO-JT.

B CTpOHTeJILHOM oomecTee
B cTpOHTeJTbHOM o6mecrne ,l],)l(HJTJ[ 11 IlloH 6ece.nyioT c rnaBoH 0T.ne11a Kpe.nHTOB 0 TOM, KaK nyqrne rrpoqmHaHCHpOBaTb CTpOHTeJTbCTBO )1.0Ma. y HHX eCTb orrpe,neJTeHHbJe HaKOilJleHHH, HOHM XOTHT
BJT0)1(11Tb CTOJTbKO co6CTBeHHOro KamrraJTa, CKOJTbKO B03MO)!(H0.
CTpOHTeJTbttoe o6mecrno rrpeMaraeT ccy,nHTh HM paJHHizy rro.n rrpou;eHT, KOTOpbIH HeMHOro H}[)!(e o6hNHOH CTaBKH.
building society
['bildiI) sa'saiati]
credit department
['kredit di'pa:tmant]
to finance ['fainrens]
certain ['sa:tn]
interest rate ['intrist,reit]
slightly ['slaitli]

CTpOHTeJThttoe o6mecrno
OT)J.eJI Kpe)J.HTOB
Q:>HHaHCHPOBaTh
orrpe,neJTeHHhIH
CTaBKa rrpoueHTa
CJierKa,He3HaqHTeJihHO,
HeMHOro

306

The New Kitchen

The Browns are having a new kitchen built in. At
eight o'clock the delivery van arrives, and the carpenters unpack the various
elements. First they screw
all the base units to the
wall, then they put on the
worktop and screw on the
cupboard doors. After .
about six hours they are
finished, and the Browns
are the proud owners of a
brand-new kitchen.

"Two men look out

through the same bars:
One sees the mud,
and one the stars."
Frederick Langbridge

Hoeasr KYXffJ1
CeMMI EpayttoB np1106peJia HOBYJO BCTpOeHHYJO K)'XHJO. B BOCeMb
npH6brnaeT Me6eJihHbIH <t>yproH, H nJIOTHHKH pacnaKOBbIBalOT pa3Hble CeKUHH. CHatJaJia OHH npHBHH'IHBalOT Bee OCHOBHbie 6JIOKH
K CTeHe, 3aTeM 3aKPeI1IDllOT CTOJieunuuzy H npHBHJillHBalOT )l,BepUbl IIIKa<t>oB. lJepe3 mecTb qacoB y HHX Bee roToBo, H Tenepb EpaYHhl - cqacTJIHBhle o6na)l.aTeJIH HOBexoHhKOH KYXffH.
delivery van [di'liv::iri vren]
carpenter ['ka:pint::i]
various ['ve::iri::is]
to screw [skru:]
worktop ['w::i:ktop]
cupboard ['kAb::id]
proud [praud]
brand-new [,brrend'nju:]

Me6eJibHbIH <t>yprOH
nJIOTHHK
Pa3JIH'IHhIH, pa3HbIH
npHBHH'IHBaTb
pa6oqrui: nJIOCKOCTb,
CTOJielIIHHUa
mKa<t>, 6y<t>eT
rop)l.bIH
COBepmeHHO HOBbIH ,
C HroJIO'IKH

)],Ba qeJIOBeKa fJIH,!UIT H3-3a lIITOp: TOT BH)l.HT rp513b, TOT - 3Be3)1,HbJH npocTOp. - <l>pe.uepHK JfaHr6pH)l.)K (1849-1923), UHTaTa H3
npOH3Be)l,eHH51 Poli THXHX MbICJieH

PyccKoe 3TO u ero aurJIHii:cKHe 3KBHBaJieHTbl

PyccKoe YKaJaTeJibHOe 3TO MO)l(eT nepe.uaBaThCH B aHrnHHCKOM
JIH'IHhIMH MecTOHMeHH51.MH he, she HJIH they. Kor.ua )l.eJiaeTcH BhIcKaJbIBaHHe 06 ~e ynoMHttyTOM JIHUe, B pyccKOM 'laCTO ynoTpe6JI5leTC51 3TO. B aHrJIHHCKOM B TaKHx cnyqa51.X )l,OJI)l(HbI ynoTpe6JI51.ThC51 MeCTOHMeHH51 he, she HJIH they.
" Who is that boy?" - "He is a friend of mine." (3TO OJJ.HH HJ MOHX
.upy3eti.)
" Who is this lady?" - "She is my cousin." (3TO MOH KYJHHa.)
"Who are these men?" - "They are friends of my father's." (3To .upy3MI Moero OTUa.)

308

EXERCISE
The -ing Form
Make up the-ingform ofthefollowing verbs:

sleep
travel
doubt
talce
prefer

lie
ring
argue
try
skip

dream

run
read
sell
write

Preparing for Hospital

Jill:
Laura:
Jill:

Laura:

Shall we buy you some comics to read while

you are in hospital?
I don't want to go
to hospital.
Don't be silly.
You don't want to
have tonsilitis
every year, do
you?
No, but I don't
like being away
from home.

309

303
-ing-4>opMa
06ptl3y iime -ing-</JopMy CAeoy10U(ux 211a20Aoe:

sleeping
travelling
doubting
taking
preferring

lying
ringing
arguing
trying
skipping

dreaming
running
reading
selling
writing

- YrOJIOK 3KCIIEPTA - - - - - - - - ,
. . - - - - - - -once

= O.lniIDK,lO>I

= .UBaJK,Llbl

twice
three times
four times
a hundred times

= TpIDK,ZJ;bI

= 'leTbipe)l()J.bI

= CTO pa3

C6opbl B 6oJlbmmy
.ll.:lKIDIJI: KynHTb re6e KOMHKCOB, 'IT06bI rnTaTb B60JlbHHUe?
Jlopa:
~HJIJI:

Jlopa:

51 He XO'ly B 60JibHHUY
He 6y.uh rnyneHbKoi1. Tb1 )Ke He xo'lellib KaJK.LlbJti ro.u 60JieTb TOH3HJI.IIHTOM, npas.ua?
HeT, HO H He mo6mo 6bITb He .uoMa.

to prepare [pri'pe;:i]
hospital ['h:>spitl]
comic ['k:>mik]

fOTOBHTb
60JibHHUa
IOMOpHCTH'IeCKHH ~HaJI
(oco6eHHO c ICOMUICCGMU)

while [wail]
silly ['sili]
tonsilitis [,t:>nsi'laitis]

BTO BpeMH KaK, BTe'leHHe

rJiynbIH, rnyneHbKHH
TOH3HJI.IIHT

310

EXERCISE
Words with No Plural
The word "information " has no plural. Find other words
that have no plural for thefo/lowing:
1. Chairs, tables, beds etc.: _ __ _ _ _ _ __
2. Suitcases, trunks etc.: _ _ _ __ _ _ _ __
3. Counsel, opinion: - - -- - -- - - - - 4. The latest information: _ _ __ _ _ _ _ __
5. Amusement (three letters): _ _ _ _ _ _ __

A Town
This small market town in Oxfordshire has been the
scene of the Royal Regatta since 1839. It was the original site of the boat race between the "dark blues"
from Oxford and the "light blues" from Cambridge
University which now takes place on Thames near
London. On the 1112 mile stretch of river, at the place
we are looking for, there are over 200 races for 13
cups, the most important being the Grand Challenge
Cup for the Eights.

What is the name of this town?

311

CJioea, ue HMeromue MHO)KeCTeeuuoro 'IHCJia

Ciioeo information He UMeem MHOJ1CecmeeHH020 'iUCJla. HauiJume no CJ1eiJy10w,UM onpeiJeJ1eHUJ1M iJpycue CJZoea, Komopble maKJICe He UMe10m MHOJ1CecmeeHH020 'iuCJZa:

1. CryJIMI, CTOJlhI, Kp0Ban1 H T.,n;.: furniture (Me6eJ1b)

2. qeMo,n;aHbI, .n;opmKHhJe cyimyirn H T..n;.: luggage (6ara.)I()
3. CoBeT, MHeHHe: advice (coBeT)
4. HoBeHrna.SI HHcl>opMauIDI: news (HOBOCTh, coo6111eHHe)
5. Y.n;oBOJihCTBHe: fun(3a6aBa,pa3BJJetJeHHe)

f opo)I.
3ToT .RpMapO'IHbIH ropo.n;oK B 0Kccl>op.n;Il1Hpe c 1839 r. 6hm apettoH:
KopoJieBcKoi1 peraThI. OH 6hm H3HatJaJihHO MecroM rpe6Hhrx rottoK
CHHHX H3 0Kccl>op,ncKoro yHHBepcHTent H Jia3ypHhIX 113 KeM6pH,IVKcKoro ytt11Bepc11Tera, KOTOphie Teneph nposo.n;.RTCH Ha TeM3e 6JI113 Jlott.n;oHa. Ha oTpe3Ke peKH B 1'/i MHJIH, Ha MecTe, KOTOpoe Mbl H111eM, npoxo,n;.RT CBhIIlle 200 COCTH3aHHH Ha 13 cy6KOB, BIDKHeH11111M 113 KOTOpblX .RBJI.ReTC.R DOJlbllIOH COCT.R3aTeJibHhIH KY60K
BOChMepKH. KaK Ha3bIBaeTcH 3TOT ropo.n;?
Henley-on-Thames
Xewm-Ha-TeM3e

312

307
In a Fast Food Restaurant
Tom: Let's go into that fast food restaurant and have
a hamburger.
Lyn: You're always such
a gourmet at home.
I'm surprised that
you would enter such
a place.
Tom: Very funny. You
know, I quite enjoy
eating hamburgers
occasionally.
Lyn: You can order a
hamburger then, and
I'll have a salad.

"I am not aware that

any community has a right
to force another one
to be civilized:'
John Stuart Mill

B pecTopaue 6wcrporo o6c.JiyJKHeamm

ToM:
JI1rn:
ToM:
JI11n:

)l.aBaH 3aff,neM B 3TOT <t>acT-<l>YJJ. H B03hMeM no raM6yprepy.

)l.oMa Thi Bcer.ua TaKOH rypMaH. MeIDI YJJ.HBJUieT To, lJTO
Te6e XOlJeTCH 3aHTH B TaKOe MeCTO.
01.JeHh CMelllHo. Thi :>Ke 3Haelllh, HHor.ua H npocTo 06o:>Ka10
c'heCTh raM6yprep.
Tor.ua Thi MO:>Kelllh 3aKa3aTh raM6yprep, a H B03hMY ca.JiaT.

fast food ['fa:st fu:d]

gourmet ['gugmei]
to be surprised [sg'praizd]
to enter ['entg]
occasionally [g'kej;;ngli]
to order ['::l:dg]

6hICTPOe o6CJIY:>KffBaHHe,
<t>acT-<l>YJJ.
rypMaH
6h1Th YJJ.HBJieHHhlM, nopa:>KaThCH
3axOJ].HTh
HHor.ua
3aKa3hIBaTh

51 He y6e)KJJ.eH B TOM, lJTO OJJ.HO o6mecrno HMeeT npaBO npHtty)K.uaTh .upyroe K l.UfBHJIH3aIUIB. - )].:>Kon CTIOaPT MJ1JIJlh ( 1806-1873),
attrnHHCKHH <l>1U1oco<1>, "On Liberty" ( 0 cBo6o.ue) , BBe.uen11e

Pe1eeL1e o6opoTLI c ueonpe,ll,eJieunLIM apTHKJieM

to be at an end
to be at a loss

KOHlJaThCH
noTepHTh cne.u; 6hITh
B 3aTPYJJ.HeHHH, B CMYJUeHHH
cnernHTh
npOCTYJJ.HThCH
CTPaJJ.aTh ronosnoii 6oJih10
HMeTh (nOBhlllleHHYJO)
TeMnepaTYPY
HMeTh B03MO)KHOCTh
rosopHTh TMXHM rOJIOCOM
rnyMeTh
cecTh

to be in a hurry
to have a cold
to have a headache
to have a temperature
to have an opportunity
to speak in a low voice
to make a noise
to take a seat

314

An Operation
Jill:
Laura:
Jill:

EXERCISE

Simple Present or -ing-Form?

Fill in the correct form of the verbs in brackets:
Sam
(argue) with his sister Laura.
(argue) when
They always
it
(come) to dinnertime, because nei(want) to lay the table.
ther of them
Their mother
(be) annoyed with
them. She
(make) the gravy
and
(have got, negative) time to do it
herself. When Sean
(come) in,
she
(ask) him to lay the table, and
the children
(be) saved again.
315

Onepa~
,lrnml: KaK Thi ce6SI 'JYBCTByeUib nocne oneparurn, Jlopa?

Jlopa:

Eme HeMttoro 6oJihHO, Kor.ua SI r0Bop10.

,lrnml: Tor.ua He pa3roBapHBa:it Ilpocro H.llH cnaTh, a JaBTpa 6y-

.ueT JIY'Illle. Kor.ua MHe Y.llaJISIJIH MHH)laJIHHbI, e)lHHCTBeHHoe, qTo 6bIJIO xopOUIO, - TO, qTo MHe TIOTOM )laBaJIH )l(eJie H MOpO)l(eHoe.
operation [:>p~'reif:m]
to hurt [h~:t]

onepaUIDI
IlpffqHJUITb 60Jib; 6oJieTb
(o IWICOM-Jl. Meeme)

a bit [bit]
jelly ['d3eli]
afterwards ('a:ft~w~dz]

HeMHOro, qYTh-qyTh
)l(eJie
IlOTOM, BilOCJie)lCTBHH

IlpOCTOe uaCTOBUJ,ee HJIH -ing-cJ>0pMa?

llocmaBbme 211a2011bl 8 c1eo61eax 8 HYJH:Hy10 rjJopMy:

Sam is arguing with his sister Laura. They always argue when it comes
to dinnertime, because neither of them wants to lay the table. Their
mother is annoyed with them. She is making the gravy and has not
got time to do it herself. When Sean comes in, she asks him to lay
the table, and the children are saved again.
C3M cnopHT co cBoeH cecrpoti Jlopon. OHH Bcer.ua cnopHT nepe.u o6e.llOM, IlOTOMY qTo HHKTO 113 HHX ue XO'leT HaKphIBaTb Ha CTOJI. Bx
MaMa cep)lHTCSI Ha HHX. Otta roTOBHT TIO)lJIHBKY, H y nee HeT BpeMeHH HaKpbIBaTh caMoH. Kor.ua npHXO)lHT IlloH, otta npocHT ero HaKpbITh Ha CTOJI, H .ueTH OilSITh 1136eralOT 3TOfO.

316

EXERCISE
Relative Pronouns
Insert the appropriate relative pronouns in the following
sentences (who, whom, whose, which):
1. His story,
happens to be true, sounds
incredible.
2. This is the boy
pen I borrowed.
3. The man to
I have been speaking is a
very good friend of mine.
is a very wild animal, likes to
4. Our cat,
pull up the plants.
5. The cat
I saw in the garden last night was
not ours.

A Band
The band we are looking for was founded in London
in 1963. It was immensely popular until the musicians
split up in 1982. They played an aggressive type of
rock music with socio-critical texts and wrote a rock
opera,'Tommy', in 1969. In the middle of the 1960s
they were the cult band for the 'mods' in Britain.
Their second rock opera,'Quadrophenia', from 1973
was filmed in 1978.
What is the name ofthis band whose members included
Pete Townshend and Roger Da/try?

317

OruOCHTeJlbHble MeCTOHMeHHB

Bcmaebme noiJxoaRU{Ue omHocumeAbHble MecmoUMeHUJl (who, whose,

whom, which) e CAeiJyJOU{Ue npeaAoJK:eHUR:

1. His story, which happens to be true, sounds incredible.

2. This is the boy whose pen I borrowed.
3. The man to whom I have been speaking is a very good friend of mine.
4. Our cat, which is a very wild animal, likes to pull up the plants.
5. The cat which I saw in the garden last night was not ours.
1. Ero HCTOpIDI, KOTOpM, OKa3bIBaeTC.SI, npaB)l.HBa, Krot<eTC.SI HeBepo.SITHOH.
2. 3TO TOT MaJlh'lHK, 'lhIO aBTOPY'JKY .SI B3.SIJI Ha BpeM.SI.
3. qeJIOBeK, c KOTOpbIM .SI pa3roBapHBaJI, MOH O'IeHh xopOllIHH .Li:PYf.
4. Hama KOillKa, o'IeHh .LJ:HKM, JII06HT BhipbmaTh H3 JeMJIH pacreHIDI.
5. KomKa, KOTopyio .SI B'lepa Be'!epoM BHJleJI B Ca.LJ:Y, 6blJia He Harna.

312
PoK-rpynna
fpynna, KOTopyio Mhl HI11eM, 6bma C03.Li:aHa B JloH.Li:OHe B 1963 r. Otta
6hma tteBepo.SITHO nonyJI.SipHa, noKa He pacnarrach B 1982 r. My3hIKaHThJ HCIIOJIH.SIJIM poK-MY3bIKY arpeCCMBHoro TOJIKa c COUMaJibHOKpMTH'leCKHMH TeKCTaMH MB 1969 r. HaTIHCaJIH poK-OIIepy TOMMM. B cepe.Li:MHe 60-x OHH 6bIJIH KYJihTOBOH rpynno:H: 6pHTaHCKMX
MO.LJ:OB. BTOpM HX poK-onepa, &13a.LJ:po>eHM.SI ( 1973), 6bma 3KpaHH3HpoBaHa B 1978 r. KaK Ha3bIBaeTC.SI 3Ta poK-rpyrrna, Cpe.LJ:11 'lJleHOB KOTopoii 6hmH IlHT TayttcxeH.Li: H Po.LOKep ,[(arrTpH?

The Who
B 11poT11Borrono)l(}{OCTh O.Li:eThIM B KO)!()' poKepaM, KOTOpbi e e3.LJ:HJll1 Ha MOTOQJ1KJiax,

MO.LJ:bl O)l.eBaJIJ1Cb 3JieraHTHee: OHM HOCHJIM KOCTIOMbl M e3)l.HJIH Ha MOTOpOJIJiepax.

318

A Birthday Present
Jill:
Sean:
Jill:

I'm just going out to buy a present for Lyn.

What are you going to get for her?
I don't know yet.
They had a new
kitchen fitted
recently which is
really modern.
Maybe I could
get her some
matching
utensils.

EXERCISE
The Participle
Combine the following sentences by using a participle:
1. I heard her. She crunched her crisps all through the

film.
2. He had broken his leg. He didn't want to play
football with us.
3. He just sits around all day. He moans about
everything.
4. She came down the stairs. She was stomping like
an elephant.

319

IIo.11.apoK ua .11.eHb p0Qeu1111

,lhtrn.Jm: 51 KaK pa3 imy noKynaTb no.napoKwu1 Jhrn.
qTo Thi co6HpaeI11bCH eii KynJITb?
ilfoH:
~: Eme He JttaIO. HM TOJibKO 'ITO ycTaHOBHJIH HOBYJO KYXHIO, .neHCTBHTeJibHO COBpeMeHHYJO. MO)l(eT 6blTb, H CMOry HaliTH .nJIH ,lhtrnmI KaKHe-HH6y.nh IlO.UXOMIUHe K)'XOHHble npHHa,U.Jle)l(HOCTH.
present ('preznt]
kitchen ('kitfm]
fitted ['fitid]
recently ['ri:sntli]
to match [mretj]
utensil [ju:'tensl]

no.napoK
K)'XlUI

BCTPOeHHaH
tte.naBHO
no.nxo.nHTb
yTBapb, nocy.na

IlpK'13CTHe
CoeiJuHume C11eiJy10~ue npeiJ110J1CeHUJ1, ucno11b3y11 npu11acmue:

1. I heard her crunching her crisps all through the film.

2. Having broken his leg, he didn't. want to play football with us.
3. He just sits around all day, moaning about everything.
4. She came stomping down the stairs like an elephant.
l. 51 CJibllllaJI, KaK Otta BeCb $HJibM xpyCTHT 'IHilCaMH.
2. TaK KaK y Hero 6bUia CJIOMaHa Hora, OH He JaxOTeJI HrpaTb
C HaMH B $yr60JI.
3. Ott npocro CH.nHT secb .nettb H Ha Bee )l(aJIYeTcH.
4. Otta cnycKaJiacb c 11ecTHHUhI, TOilaH, KaK CJIOH.

320

315
EXERCISE - - - - -

'franslation
Ilepe6eaume CJ1eay10U{ue npeiJAoJK:eHWl Ha aH2J1uiic1Cuii
R3bt/C u ynompe6ume npulfacmHble o6opombl:

1. JI CJThllllaJI'

KaK Thi BbICKOJib3H)'JI H3 .UOMa.

2. Tb1 OllilTb 3aCTaBHJI MeIDI )!()J.aTh.

3. <f>yr60JibHblH WPI BJieTeJI B OKHO.
4. ,IJ;ena.SI noHeMHory Ka)!()J.bIH .nettb, Jlopa ynpamrnach
c y6opKOH KOMHaTbl 3a ,UBe He,neJIH.

5. BhIXO.USI H 3 KHHO,

MbI HaTKHYJIHCb Ha ,l1;)1(J1JIJI

H IIIotta.

Window Shopping
The ground floor of the hotel is like a shopping mall.
There are perfume, jewellery, and leather goods shops,
and several boutiques
selling designer clothes.
Lyn would like to buy
some perfume which
she says is much cheaper
than at home, but Tom
tells her to wait and see
if it is cheaper still in the
duty free lounge in the
airport.
.,,- C>

11 - AHrIH1HCKaR rpaMMaT11Ka WYTR

321

Ilepeeo).I,
I. I heard you sneaking out of the house.

2. You've kept me waiting again.

3. The football came flying in through the window.
4. Doing a bit every day, Laura managed to tidy up her room in two
weeks.

5. Coming out of the cinema, we bumped into Jill and Sean.

, . - - - - - - - YfOJIOK 3KCilEPTA -----......,

Pe11esL1e 06opoTL1

B HeKomopblX pe<te8blX o6opomax npu<tacmue ynompe611RemCR 6e3JIU'IHO:

generally speaking
(rOBOpH) B o6meM
CTpOro rOBOpH
strictly speaking
rpy6o roBop51
roughly speaking
judging from
cy.n.51 no

316
YBHTPHH

UoKOJibHbIH 3TroK rocTlifHHUbI noxo)(( Ha YHBepMar. TaM pacnoJiaraJOTc51 Mara:m:HbI, npeD.Jiara10I.l.(11e .uyxw, JOBeJIpHbie l.f3.UeJlliJl H l.f3.uemm lif3 KO)((Ji[, Ji[ HeCKOJlbKO 6YTlifKOB, TOPryJOlUlifX .l(l13af.iHepCKOH
o.ne)((D,OH. Jll.fH XO'leT KYCTHTbD,yxlif, KOTOpbie, KaK OHa roBOPlifT, ropa3)1.0 )1.eUieBJie, lJ:eM D.OMa, HO TOM COBezyeT el1 CTO)l.O)((D,aTb H noCMOTpeTb, He 6YD.YT JI OHM eme .neUieBJie B Mara3ttHe D.bJOT-<t>PH
B a3ponopzy.
ground floor [,graund 'fb:]
shopping mall ['.f:>piQ m:>:l]
perfume [p;)'fju:m]
jewellery ['d3u:;)lrij
leather ['leo;)]

UOKOJlbHbIH 3TroK
KpynHbIH YffHBepMar, naccroK
D.YXl1
10se;rnpHb1e lif3D.emrn:
KO)((a

322

317
A Cut of Meat
Mint sauce is traditionally served with a certain cut of meat
in Britain. The sauce can be easily made by boiling 1/4 cup
of water with 15 g of sugar until the sugar dissolves. Then
remove the pot from the cooker and add 1/ 4 cup of finely chopped fresh mint leaves and 1/8 of malt vinegar. After
two or three hours at room temperature the sauce is ready
to be served.
Which cut of meat goes along with it?

318
EXERCISE - - - --

Translation
Translate the following sentences into English:
I . )l)KeHMC HMKaK He Morna COBJia,naTb co CBOeH HepB03-

HOCTblO.
2. 51 He Mory ce6e npe.ucTaBJ.1Th, 'ITO <tmpMa oTIJJantT see
3Tl1 ttan11TK11 .

3. Mb1 6y.ueM pa,nb1 aaneTb Bae BHOBh.

4. Ott11 6h1J1M 01.JeHh B3BOJIHOBaHbI TeM, 'ITO e.uyr BA<l>pHKy.
5. He HMeeT CMbJCJia 11x )!<)laTb.
6. 3TO He CMeUJHO - CTORTb 3,ll.eCb no.u ,ll.O)!(,lleM.
323

KycoK MJ1Ca
~THbIM coyc Tpa,u.MQMOHHO rro,naeTc.si: B BeJIMKo6pMTaHMM K orrpe,n;eJieHHOMY KYCKY Wica. Coye nerKo np1.ffOTOBMTh, BCKHIISITMB
1/4 '!allIKM BO.LJ;bl c 15 r caxapa, IIOKa caxap He paCTBOpMTCH. 3aTeM
CHHTb KaCTpJOJIJO c IIJIMTbI M ,n;o6aBMTb '/4 'lallIKM MeJIKO Hape3aHHbJX CBe)[(J.f)( JIMCTbeB MHTbl M 1/gJI COJIOJJ;OBOro YKCyca. qepe3 nsa-TpM
'laca coyc roToB K yrroTpe6JieHMJO. KaKOM KYCOK Wica rro)laeTc.si:
CHMM?

Roast leg of lamb

()l(apeHa51 Hora .si:rneHKa)

Ilepeeo.n
IIepeeeiJume CAeiJy10U(ue npeiJAo:>K:eHuR Ha aH21iuuc1Cuii R3bl1C:

l. Janice couldn't help being nervous.

2. I can't imagine the company paying for all these drinks.
3. We're looking forward to seeing you again.
4. They were so excited about going to Africa.

5. It's no use waiting for them.

6. It's no fun standing around here in the rain.
. . . . . . - - - - - - YfOJIOK 3KCIIEPTA -----~

Idiom
in a nutshell= cosceM KPaTKO (c)l(aTO), B ,n;syx cnosax: He
put the whole plan in a nutshell. (OH M3JIO)l(MJI Bech IIJiaH B)lByx
CJIOBax.)

324

A Helicopter Trip
Lyn has been persuaded by Tom to take a helicopter
trip above the skyscrapers of New York. Once in the
air, Lyn's initial fears are
gone, and she is amazed
at the view. When they
land on the helicopter
pad, Lyn almost feels like
taking another trip, but
Tom is feeling rather sick
and has to get a glass of
water quickly.

EXERCISE

Simple Past or Present Perfect?

Use the simple past or the present peifect in the
following sentences:

1. I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Gust, discover) my mistake.

2. Tell me what you
(do) during
the holidays.
3. I _ _ _ _ _ _ Gust, finish) dressing.
4. He
(be) fast asleep for three
hours now.
5. He _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (be) fast asleep when we
arrived.

325

IloJieT ua eepTOJieTe
ToM yrosopHJI Jlltlf oTnpaBHTbC.H Ha BepTOJien1y10 3KCK)'PCHJO Ha,u
tte6ocKpe6aMH Hh10- HopKa. Y)!(e B BOJ)zyXe H3Ha'laJibHhrH crpax JlwH
npoweJI, H otta r10pa)!(etta OTKphIBUIHMC.H BH,LJ,OM. Kor,LJ,a OHM npH3eMJUIJOTC.H Ha BepTOJieTHOM IlJIOIUa,uKe, JIJ.m IlOlJTH roTOBa rrpe,LJ,npHIDlTb ttOBYIO 3KCKYJ>CHK>, HO ToM qyscrnyeT ce6.H JJ.OBOJihttO IIJIOxo H eMY CpO'IHO tty)KeH CTaKaH BO,LJ,bl.
helicopter ('helibpt~]
to persuade [p~'sweid]
initial [i'nif~I]
fear [tfa]
amazed [~'meizd]
pad [pred]

BepTOJleT
yrosapHBaTh
( H3)HalJaJlbHbIM
CTpax
H3YMJiettHbIM, nopa)!(eHHbitl
noca,uorna.H nJIOIUa,uKa

320
Simple Past HJIH Present Perfect?
Ynompe6ume Simple Past UAu Present Perfect 6 CJ1eay10U{ux npea;w:>1eeHuRx:

I. I have just discovered my mistake.

2. Tell me what you did during the holidays.
3. I have just finished dressing.
4. He has been fast asleep for three hours now.
5. He was fast asleep when we arrived.

I. 51 KaK pa3 o6ttap~ csoIO owH6Ky.

2. PacCKa)!(}l MHe, lJTO TbI ,LJ,eJian BO BpeM.H OTrryCKa.
3. 51 KaK pa3 3aKOH'IHJI O,LJ,eBaTbC.H.
4. Ott

~e

TPH qaca KperrKo cnHT.

5. Ott KpenKo crran, Koma MbI rrpH6bIJIH.

326

A Trip around the Harbour

Lyn:

Tom:

Lyn:

Tom:

I'm glad we booked this boat trip in advance.

Did y ou see the queue waiting to buy tickets?
It says in all the
tourist guides that
this trip is an absolute must.
Anyway, get the
camera and take
some photos.
I'm sorry to disappoint you, but
I left the camera
in the hotel room.

322

"It is more important

that a proposition be interesting
than that it be true."
A. N Whitehead

3KCKYPCHJI B raBaHh

Jhrn:
ToM:
JIHH:
ToM:

JI pa,l(a, 'ITO MbI 3apaHee 3aKa3aJIH 3TY JIO)J,O'IHYJO 3KCKYPCHIO. Tb1 BH.11.eJI oqepe.11.h 3a 6HJieTaMH?
Bo scex nyreso.11.HTemrx rosopHTCH, qTO 3Til 3KCKYPCHH a6coJIJOTHO He06XO)J,HMa.
B JIJ06oM cnyqae B03hMH <t>oToannapaT H c.11.enali <t>oTorpa<t>HH.
BhIH)0K,Ll,eH Te6H pa3oqaposaTh, HOH ocTaBHJI <t>oToannapaT B HOMepe.

harbour ['ha:b~]
in advance [~d'va: ns]
queue [kju:]
guide [gaid]
absolute ['rebs~lu:t]
must [ TllASt]
to disappoint [,dis~'p:>int]

rasaHb
3apaHee
oqepe.11.h
rryreBO)J,HTeJib
a6COJIIOTHbIH
He06XO)J,HMOCTb
pa3oqaposaTb

Ky,ll,a BIDKHee TO, 'ITO yTBep)l()l:eHHe HHTepeCHO, He)l(:eJIH TO, 'ITO OHO
septto. - Anb<l>pe,ll, YaliTxe,ll, (1861-1947), aHrnHHCKHH MaTeMaTHK
H <t>HJioco<t>, llp11KJI10'leHAA H.11.eH

Having + Past Participle

Having leamt English so easily, she decided to learn Japanese. - JlerKo BbiyqHB aHrJIHHCKHH (rrOCKOJibKY OHa TaK JierKO H3yqHJia aHrJIHHCKHH), OHa pernHJia H3y'laTb HTIOHCKHH.
Having eaten, I decided to go for a walk. - Iloes, H pernwn noliTH
noryAATh.
Ilporne,ll,rnHe co6bITH51 MOryr Bblpa)l(:aTbCH B aHrnHHCKOM 513bIKe
KpaTKO. KoHCTPYKUHH having + Past Participle B o6rn:eM cooTBeTcrnyeT pyccKOMY ,ll,eenpwqacTHJO nporne,ll,lliero speMeHH.

328

In a Beach Cafe
When Tom and Lyn make another trip to the coast,
they discover a beach cafe which is designed to look
like a boat. They find
two seats and wait for the
waiter, who is, of course,
dressed like a sailor, to
take their order. All the
meals on the menu have
nautical names, and they
almost have to laugh
when placing their orders
for two seaman's salads.

EXERCISE
The Passive Voice
Complete the following sentences.

1. English
in all the
countries of the Commonwealth. (to speak)
2. Two years ago the old cinema _ _ _ _ _ __
and a supermarket
there
instead. (to pull down, to build)
3. When I came home I saw that the TV
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .(to tum on)
4. This car looks as if it _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
for years. (not clean)
5. This dress _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in
warm water. (should wash)
329

323
B IIJUDKllOM Ka4>e
Kor.na ToM MJlMH npe.unpMHMMaJOT ew,e O.IJ.HY noe3.IJ.KY Ha no6epeOHM o6ttap)')KIIBalOT IlJIIDKHOe Kae, KOTOpoe oopMJieHO B BM.ne Kopa6JUI . OHM Haxo.nHT .nBa Mecra M, 'IT06b1c.nenaTb3aKa3, :>K,llyr
octmuMaHTa, KOTOpblM, KOHeY'HO )l(e, o.neT MaTpOCOM. y scex 6JIJO.ll.
MeHJO MopcK11e Ha3BaHM, 11 ToM c Jl11H roTOBbJ paccMeHTbCH, 3aKa3hrnaH .nsa MOPHUKHX canaTa.
)!(h(:,

to discover [ dis'kAv::i]
to design [di'zain]
seat [si:t]
waiter ['weit::i]
sailor ['seil::i]
nautical ['m:tikl]

o6ttap)')Kl1BaTh
oopMJIHTb
c11.neme, MecTo
0111rnaHT
MaTpoc
MOpCKOH, MOpeXO.ll.HblH

324
IlaccHB
)Jono11Hume cJ1eiJy10w,ue npeiJJ10:>1CeHuR:

I. English is spoken in all the countries of the Commonwealth. - Ha

aHrn11i1cKoM H3bJKe rosopHT B(1) scex cTpaHax Co.npy)((ecrna Hau11i1.
2. Two years ago the old cinema was pulled down and a supermarket
was built there instead. - ,LI.Ba ro.na Ha3a.n crnphrn KMHOTeaTp cttecJJM, a Ha ero MecTe nocTp011Jl11 cynepMapKeT.
3. When I came home I saw that the TV had been turned on. - Kor.na 51 rrpMWeJJ )l,OMOM, 51 ys11)J.eJI, '!'TO TeJieBH30p BKJIJOY'eH.
4. This car looks as if it has not been cleaned for years. - 3Ta MaWMHa BhlrJUl,LlMT TaK, 6y.nTo ee He MhillH ro.naMH.
5. This dress should be washed in warm water. - 3To IlJlaThe H~o
CTHpaTb B TellJIOM BO,Lle.

330

A Children's Book
This small teddy bear and his friend Christopher
Robin were made famous in the children's stories by
A. A. Milne. The stories are well loved by children
and adults alike. The first story, which is, in fact, the
name of the bear, was written in 1926, followed by
"The House at ... Comer" in 1928.
What is the bear called?

326
EXERCISE

"the", "a" or no article

The blank spaces in these sentences need either the or a
or no article at all:
Jill's grandparents have booked themselves on _ _
tour that leaves in _ _ second week of _ _ next
month, and brings them back in ~- last week
before _ _ Whitsun. They are going to see _ _
famous sights: _ _ Louvre in _ _ Paris, _ _
Parthenon in _ _ Athens, and so on. _ _ tour
starts in _ _ Hague in _ _ Netherlands, so they
have to fly there first.

331

Kuura AJIB ,ll.ereu

3TOT MaJieHbKHH MeJJ,Be)l(OHOK H ero JJ.PYf KpHcTo<t>ep Po6Htt npocnaB11JIHCh 6naroJJ,apH paccKa3aM Jl,JI}l JJ,eTe:H A.A. MHJIHa. 3TH HCTOPHH JU06HMbl H ,n:eTbMH, H B3pOCJibIMH. IlepBa}l HCTOpH}l, KOTOPM <t>aKTlfl!eCKH Ha3bIBaeTCH HMeHeM MeJJ,Be)l(OHKa, 6bIJia HaTIHCaHa B 1926 r., a BCJie,n: 3a HeH ,[(OMHK Ha... nepeKpeCTKe (1928). KaK
JoByr 3Toro MeJJ.Be)l(oHKa?

(Winnie the) Pooh

BHHHH-J::1yx

the,

a HJIH

uyJieBOH apTHKJlh

flponycKu 6 3mux npeaAo:>K:eHURX mpe6y10m BcmaBKU the wiu a wiu :>1ee

606ce He mpe6y10m apmuK/lH:

Jill's grandparents have booked themselves on a tour that leaves in

the second week of next month, and bripgs them back in the last week
before Whitsun. They are going to see famous sights: the Louvre in
Paris, the Parthenon in Athens, and so on. The tour starts in the Hague
in the Netherlands, so they have to fly there first.
Ea6yrnKa H JJ,eJJ.YIIIKa ~ 3a6pOHHPOBaJIH Typ, KOTOpbIH HaqHHaeTCH Ha BTOpOH tte,n:ene cne.n:yiomero MeCHUa H OKattqHBaeTCH Ha
nocJieJJ,Heli HeJJ,ene nepeJJ. TpoHueli. 0HH YBH.n:HT JHaMeHHTbie .n:ocTOnpHMeqaTeJibHOCTH: JlYBP B Ilapff)l(e, Ilap<t>eHOH B A<l>Httax
H T.J],. Iloe3,n:Ka ttaqHHaeTCH B faare, B HH,n:epJiaHJJ,ax, TaK qTo OHH
,n:OJI)l(Hbl cttaqana BbIJieTeTb ry.ua.

332

Unpacking
Lyn:
Tom:

Lyn:

I've emptied most of the clothes that have to be

washed, but there are still afew souvenirs which
have to be unpacked.
.....
I'll do that now so
that I can put the
cases away until
our next holiday.
Don't forget the
films in the side
pocket of the big
case. I want them
developed as soon
as possible.

EXERCISE

Negation
Make the following sentences negative using 'no' and
'not ... any'. Example: I have some shorts for summer.
- I have no shorts for summer.
I do not have any shorts for summer:
1. They need some more practice.
2. Pete scored some goals in the match.
3. I saw someone dive into the pool.
4. They lost some balls, playing tennis.
5. We need some more pictures for the walls.

333

327
PacnaKOBhIBaeM qeMo,lJ,aHhI

Jhrn:

ToM:
JlHH:

5I BhIHyna 6onbwyJO 'IaCTh O)le)l(,llhl, KOTOPYJO H)l)KHO BblCTHpaTh, HO TaM eme HeCKOnbKO C}'BeHHpOB, KOTOphle
H)')KHO pacrraKoBaTh.
CeW!ac 51 Bee cnena10, '1T06h1 MO)!(HO 6bJJIO y6paTb 'IeMonaHbI no Hawero cneny10mero oTrrycKa.
He 3a6yJJ.h TIJieHKH B 6oKOBOM KapMaHe 6onhworo 'IeMo.ll,aHa. 5I XO'IY KaK MO)KHO CKOpee C,IIaTb HX B rrp051BKy.

to unpack [A11 pa!k]

to empty ['empti]
a few [fju:]
souvenir ['su:v;:mfa]
to develop [di'vefap]
1

pacnaKOBhIBaTh
orrycTowaTh
HeMHOfO, HeCKOJlbKO
cyBe1rnp
npoHBnJITh (o nneHJCe)

328
Orpuu;auue
llpeo6pG3yume CJ1e()y10w,ue npeaAo:J1CeHUJ1 Bompuu,ameAbHbte, ynompe6ARJI no UAu not ... any. JlpuMep: Y MeHJI ecmb wopmbt Ha Aemo. -t
Y MeHJI Hem wopm Ha Aemo.

1. They need no more practice.

They do not need any more practice.
2. Pete scored no goals in the match.
Pete did not score any goals in the match.
3. I saw no one dive into the pool.
I did not see anyone dive into the pool.
4. They lost no balls, playing tennis.
They did not lose any balls, playing tennis.
5. We need no more pictures for the walls.
We do not need any more pictures for the walls.
1. HM 6onhllle He H)')l<Ha npaKTHKa.
2. IlHT He 3a6HJI HH O)lHOro rona B 3TOM MaT'Ie.
3. 5I He BHJJ.en, '1T06bl KTO-TO HhlpSIJI B rrpy)l.
4. 0HH He noTep51nH M51'1H, Hrpa51 B TeHHHC.
5. HaM 6onhwe He H)l)KHO KapTHH Ha cTeHbI.
334

"It is absurd to divide

people into good or bad.
People are either
charming or tedious."
Oscar Wilde

330

Beginning to Build
Sean:

Jill:
Sean:

The architect has just phoned and said that

the builders will be starting with our house
tomorrow.
At last, I thought
they'd never start.
There is a building boom at the
moment. It's difficult to find any
tradesmen who
don't have their
books filled for
months to come.

335

Heneno )leJil1Th JIJO)leH Ha xopounuc 11 nnoXHX. Jl10Jl11 n1160 O'!apoBaTeJihHhI, mt6o CK)"IHhI. - OcKap YaHJlhJl (1854-1900), aHrJIHHCKl.fH n11caTeJib HpJiaH)lCKOfO npoHCXO)!(JlemUI

YKa3aTeJibHbie MecToHMeHIDI

MHo)f(eCTBeHHoe 'IHCJio

EJlHHCTBeHHoe 'IHCJIO
this ( 3TOT, 3Ta, 3TO)
that (TOT, Ta, TO)

these (3TH)
those (re)

l. This/these YJ<a3hIBaJOT Ha npe)lMeT, 6JIH3KHH B npocTpaHCTBe HJil1

BpeMeHH, that/those - Ha OT)laJieHHbIB.
2. lITO KacaeTCSI paHee Ha3BaHHOfO cymeCTBHTeJihHOro, TO this
one/that one yn0Tpe6JU1IOTCS1 B OTHOllleHIDt JIHU, this one/that one B OTHOlllemrn npe)lMeTOB, these/those - H JIHI.\, H npe)lMeTOB.

HaqaJio CTpOHTeJibCTBa
llloH:

ApXHTeKTOp TOJihKO 'ITO 3BOHHJI 11 cKa3an, 'ITO cTpOHTeJIH Ha'lliyT Halli )lOM 3aBTpa.
~11JIJI: HaKOHeu-TO! 51 JzyMaJia, OHH }')Ke HHKOr)la He HalfttyT.
llloH:
CeH'!ac CTpo11TeJihHbIH 6YM. TpyJlHO Hai1T11 pa6o'!ero,
y KOToporo Bee He pacn11catto Ha MeCSIIU>I Bnepe)l.
to phone [foun]
builder ['bild~]
difficult ['difik~lt]
tradesman ['treidzm~n]
months to come

3BOHHTh (no me;zerjJoHy)

CTpOHTeJib
TpYJlHhIH
pa60'IHH, peMeCJieHHHK
CJieJlYIOmHe MeC51Uhl

[mA118S t~ lwn)

336

Taking the Dog for a Walk

Jill:

Sean:

Jill:
Sean:

Look, the dog has

his lead in his
mouth. He wants
to go for a walk.
Then take him
fora walk.
I took him this
morning.
It's your turn.
It's always my
turn when it's
raining outside.

EXERCISE

Idioms
Do you know the translation of the following idioms?

1. as deaf as a post
2. as fresh as a daisy
3. as sound as a bell
4. as hungry as a bear
5. as stubborn as a mule
6. as old as the hills
7. as brown as a berry
8. as stiff/straight as a poker

337

1IporyJ11Ca c co6aKoii
,[()i(JillJl: CMOTPW, y necwKa B 3y6ax noso.uoK. Ott* xo'IeT ryAATh.
Tor.ua norym1if c HHM.
llloH:
,l1,)!(J1.JUl: 51 ryAAJia c HHM ceromui: YTPOM. Terrepb TBOH oqepe.uh.
llioH:
Bcer.ua MOH oqepe.uh, Kor.ua Ha yJiwu.e .UO)l(JJ,h.

to take sb for a walk

lead [li:d]
mouth [maue]
to go for a walk
it's your tum
outside [aut'said]

ryJIHTb C KeM-JI.
OOBO.UOK
POT, 3a.: rraCTb
W)J;TH ryilllTb
TBOH oqepe.uh
cttap}')KH, Ha yJI:wue

ll.n,HOMbl

3Haeme JIU 8bl CJ1eay10w,ue uauoMbl? ( EyK8a!lbHblU nepeeoa npueoaumCfl 8 CK06Kax.)

l. rnyxoli KaK neHb (rnyxoli KaK cToJI6)

2. CBe)l<HH KaK po3a (cBe)l(J1M KaK MaprapWTKa)

3. 3.UOPOBbIH KaK 6bJK (3.UOPOBbIH KaK KOJIOKOJI)
4. fOJIO.UHbIH KaK BOJIK (roJIO.UHbIH KaK Me.use.uh)

5. yrrpHMhIM KaK oceJI (yrrpH.MhIH KaK MYJI)

6. crnphIH KaK Ma<J:>ycaHJI (crnphIM KaK XOJIMhI)
7. CMYfJlblM KaK irn.ueeu. (CMYfJll>IH KaK H.fO.UKa)
8. npHMOM KaK OaJIKa/TO'IHO apunrn rrporJIOTHJI
(rrpHMOH KaK KO'Iepra)

06bI'lHO B OTHOWeHHl1 )1(11BOTHbIX B aHfJJHHCKOM Sl3b1Ke ynoTpe6JrneTCSI

MeCTOl1MeH11e it, OLl;HaKO 3Ll;eCb X03SleBa co6aK11 ynoTpe6mnoT MeCTOl1MeHl1e

he.

338

333
New Records
John:
Loma:

John:

I'm going into town today to buy one or two

new LPs in the record-shop.
Do you want to
buy something
special orjust
look around?
There is one
specific record I
want. I heard a
Jew tracks on the
radio last night
and really
enjoyed them.

334

EXERCISE

Personal Pronouns
Fill in the missing words:
"Have you ever papered the walls _ _ self?" - ''No,
we don't do anything _ _ selves - it's too difficult.
But our friends do almost everything _ _ selves."
- ''We try to do as many things _ _ selves as we
can - it's cheaper, you know. My husband even
repairs the car _ _ self!"

339

HoaL1e DJiacTHHKH
)];)l<OH:
Jloptta:
~oH:

5I cero.nIDI co611pa10cb noexaTb Bropo.n, lff06b1 J<YllliTb o.uHY IDIH ,UBe HOBbJe ruiaCTHHKH B Mara3HHe ruiaCTHHOK.
Tb! xo'lelllb J<YllliTb 'ITO-TO orrpe.neJieHHoe HJTM npocTo rroCMOTpeTb?
TaM ecTb o.nHa onpe.neJieHHaH ruiaCTHHKa, KOTOPYJO 51 xoqy. 5I CJibilllaJI HeCKOJlbKO 3aIIHCeH no pa.n110 B'lepa Be'lepoM H rrpOCTO HaCJI<UK.UaJIC51.

record ['reb:d]
special ('spef~l]
to look around [luk a'raund]
specific [spi'sifik]
track [trrek]
last night [la:st nait]

ruiaCTHHKa
cneu;HaJibHbIH, onpe.neJieHHbIM
OCMOTpeTbCH, IlOCMOTpeTb
KOHKpeTHbIH, oco6blH
3aIIHCb, .nopo)l(](a (Ha n.JlOCmUHICe)
B'Iepa Be'IepoM

JIH11Hble MeCTOHMeHIDI

BcmaBbme nponyut,eHHble CJIOBa:

"Have you ever papered the walls yourself?" - "No, we don't do anything ourselves - it's too difficult. But our friends do almost everything themselves." - "\\e try to do as many things ourselves as we can it's cheaper, you know. My husband even repairs the car himselfl"
Bbl Kor.na-H116yJJ.h caMH KJieHJIH o6ott? - HeT, MbI HW:Iero He .ueJiaeM caMH - 3TO cJIHIIIKOM TpY.UHO. Ho Hanm .npy3b51 no'ITH Bee .ueJiaIOT caMH. - Mbl crnpaeMCH KaK MO:lKHO 60Jibllle .neJiaTb caMH 3TO .nellleBJie, 3HaeTe JIH. Moll ~ .nro1<e caM 'IHHHT MallIHHy!

340

Simple EXERCISE 'erfect?

1. I was worried when I _ _ _ _ _ _ (receive) a
telegramme.

2. I was more worried after I

3. After I

(read) it.

(finish) my work, I went out.

4. I

(go) out,
(walk)
some way and then
(realize) that
I
(leave) my umbrella in the house.

5. By five o'clock Lyn

(finish) all her work.

A Wine Offer
Lyn:
Tom:
Lyn:
Tom:

We got this advert in the post today, offering

several sorts of wine at quite reasonable
prices.
At those prices
there must be a
catch somewhere.
I think they only
apply to thefirst
bottle.
Let's order a few
bottles and have a
wine-tasting.

341

Simple Past HJIH Past Perfect?

1. I was worried when I received a telegramme.
2. I was more worried after I had read it.
3. After I had finished my work, I went out.

4. I went out, walked some way and then realized that I had left my
umbrella in the house.

5. By five o 'clock Lyn had finished all her work.

1. 51 6bur o6ecnoKoeH, Kor.n:a nOJIY'IIDI TeJierpaMM)'.
2. 51 er.ue 6oJibllie 3a6ecnoK011Jicsi: nocJie Toro, KaK npo'leJI ee.
3. 3aKOH'Hl.B pa6ozy, H BbillieJI.
4. 51 BbillieJI, npomeJI HeMHOfO J.1 3areM noHSIJI, 'lTO OCTaBl1JI JJ:OMa
CBOH 30HTHK.

5. K nSITJ.1 qacaM Jl11H 3aKOH'IJ.1Jla acJO caoJO pa6ozy.

Ilpe)l.JIOJKeHHe BHH
Jl11H:

B HaUieH. no'ITe 6b1Jia cero.n:HSI :na peKJiaMa, npeMaraJO-

ToM:
J111H:
ToM:

Uiasi pa3Hbie copTa BJ.1H no JJ:OBOJibHO pa3yMHbIM ueHaM.

np11 TaKHX ueHax r.n:e-To JJ:OJDKeH 6btTb no.n:aox.
51 JJ:YMaJO, OHH OTHOCHTC.R acero JIJ.1lllb k nepaoii 6YTbIJTKe.
.[(aaatt JaKIDKeM HeCKOJibKO 6YTbIJIOK 11 ycTJ)OJ.1M .n:erycrnUHK> BJ.1H.

to offer ('ofa]
reasonable ['ri:zn;}bl)
catch [kretj]
to apply to [;}'plai]
wine-tasting ['wain,teistir.J]

npeMaraTb
PaJYMHbIH
JIOBymKa, no.n:aox
KacaTbCSI,OTHOCJ.1TbCH
.n:eryCTaUIDI BJ.1H

342

337
Halloween Party
Loma and Eric have been to a shop which lends costumes for fancy-dress parties. Eric has borrowed a
sheik costume and Loma
the costume of an Eastern
princess. At the party they
are greeted by a large
white rabbit - their host.
Inside Count Dracula
starts talking to them, and
it takes them a while to
recognize their next-door
neighbour Pete.

338
EXERCISE - - - - -

Past and Present Perfect

Fill in the past or present perfect:

1. I _ _ _ _ __ on Saturday. (work)
2. I
in New York since 1960. (live)
3. Last summer I
through Spain.
(travel)
4. I
never
to Spain. (be)
5. Fred
golf yesterday. (play)
6. I
here long enough. (wait)
7. I
all day long. (work)
8. I
the door this morning. (lock)

343

337
BeqepHHlCa ua X3JIJIO}'HH
JlopHa H 3pHK rro6bIBa.TIH B Mara:nrne, KOTOpbIH .naer HarrpoKaT KapHaBCUibHbte KOCTIOMbI. 3pHK B3SUI KOCTIOM rneH:xa, a JlopHa - KOCTIOM BOCTO'IHOtt npIDlUeCCbl. Ha BelJepHHKe ID'. rrpHBeTCTByeT 60JlblllOH 6eJlbIH Kpo1mK - xo3.smH .noMa. Me:>KJzy TeM c HHMH 3aBSI3bIsaeT 6ece.ny rpa<l> .[(paKYJia, H Tpe6yeTcS1 tteKOTopoe speMH, npe)l(lle
lJeM OHH Y3HaJOT B HeM csoero coce.na nHTa.
costume ['kostju:m]
to borrow ['borou]
sheik [feik]
rabbit ['rrebit]
host [houst]
count [kaunt]
to take a while [teik] [wail]
to recognize ['rek<>gnaiz]

KOCTIOM
6paTb ttanpoKaT, Ha speMSI
llleHX
KpOJIHK
X03SlllH .U:OMa
rpa<l>
3aHHMaTb KaKoe-JI. BpeMSI
YJHaBaTb

Past u Present Perfect

Bcmaebme HYJ1CHy10 <jJopMy ZAOW!la:

1. I worked on Saturday.
2. I have lived in New York since 1960.
3. Last summer I travelled through Spain.
4. I have never been to Spain.
5. Fred played golf yesterday.
6. I have waited here long enough.
7. I have worked all day long.
8. I locked the door this morning.
1. 51 pa6oTaJI B cy66ory.
2. 51 )l(Jffiy B Hb10- HopKe c 1960 r.
3. npolllJlbIM JieTOM SI IIYTeWeCTBOBaJI no HcrraHHH.
4. 51 HHKor.na He 6bIJI B HcrrattttH.
5. <l>pe.n BlJepa HrpaJI B fOJib<l>.
6. 51 }')Ke .nocTaTOlJHO .U:OJifO )l(lly 3)],eCb.
7. 51 pa6oTaJI secb .nettb HarrpoJieT.
8. 51 3anep .nsepb cero.nHSI YTPOM.

344

339
EXERCISE
"One", "ones"
Replace the nouns in the end of the following sentences
by the words 'one' or 'ones' where possible:
1. We have seen most big ports but no smaller ports.
2. I do not need a new pair of shoes; my old shoes are
still good enough.
3. In our town, there are many old factories but only
one new factory.
4. England has many textile industries, but the wool
industry is the oldest industry.
5. Most mass media are produced in London, but
some mass media are produced in other towns.

A Walkman
Lyn has ordered a foreign language course on cassettes. The next thing she needs to buy is a cassette
player. She decides on

a walkman so that she

can do other things while
listening to the cassettes.
When she is in the shop,
she tells the salesman
what she needs the
walkman for, and he
advises her to buy one
in the medium prize
range.
345

339
One, ones
3aMeHume cyU(ecmeume!lbHbte 6 KOHU,e CJ1eiJy10U(UX npeiJno:>JCeHuu cnoeaMu one unu ones, 2iJe 3mo B03MO:>JCHo:

1. We have seen most big ports but no smaller ones.

2. I do not need a new pair of shoes; my old ones are still good enough.
3. In our town, there are many old factories but only one new one.
4. England has many textile industries, but the wool industry is the
oldest one.
5. Most mass media are produced in London, but some mass media
are produced in other towns.
I. Mb1 sw.ne1u1 6oJihlIIHHCTBO KpYfIHhIX nopTos, HO He BJ.1,lleJIH He6oJiblllHX.
2. MHe He H)')KHbl HOBble TycPJIH; MOH CTapbie ewe BilOJIHe xopOillHe.
3. B HalUeM ropo.ne MHOfO CTapbIX ct>a6pHK, HO scero O,llHa HOBa51..
4. B AHrn1111 MHoro TeKCTJ.1JlhHhIX OTpacnew rrpoMhllllJleHHOCTH, HO
11Iepcrn:Ha5l HH,llyCTpID! - CTapefuua51..
5. DOJlbWl1HCTBO cpe.nCTB MaCCOBOH 11HcPopMaUHJ.1 ocyweCTB.IUllOT CBOIO
.ne.sITeJibHOCTb BJloH,llOHe, HO HeKOTOpbie - J.1 B.npyrwx ropo.nax.

340
IIJJeuep

mm 3aKa3aJia KYPC HHOCTIJaHHOro Sl3b1Ka Ha KacceTax. Cne.nyIOwee,

'HO ew H)')KHO, - KYilHTb KacceTHbllr: npowrpbIBaTeJib. 0Ha Bb!6J.1paeT IlJlettep, 'IT06bi ett MO)f(HO 6blJIO '!TO-HH6Y.llh .neJiaTb, CJiyman
KacceThJ. B Mara3HHe otta rosopHT rrpo.nas11y, .llJI.sI qero eii H)')l(eH
nnew.ep, 11 OH coseTyeT eynHTh Mo.nenh no cpe.nttei1 11ette.

cassette player [b'set 'plei~]

to decide on sth [di'said]
salesman ['seilzm~n]
to advise [~d'vaiz]
price range ['prais reind3]

KacceTHhIH npoHrphrnaTeJih
pelllaTbCSI, .neJiaTb BbI6op
s nonh3y qero-JI.
npo.nase11
COBeTOBaTb
KaTerop11.si: 11eH

346

At the Building Site

Jill:
Sean:

Jill:

I was at the building site during my lunch

break today, and there was no one there.
I'm sure the
bricklayers like to
have a lunch
break, too.
There was no sign
ofanybody having worked there
at all today. I
think we have to
get in touch with
the architect.

342

EXERCISE
Form questions to which these sentences could be the
answer. The information which is required is shown by
the words in italics.
1. I've forgotten Jill's address.
2. I've forgotten Jill's address.
3. We're going to the south of France next month.
4. We're going to the south of France next month.
5. We're going to the south of France next month.

347

Ha crpolirulow.3,ll,Ke
~:

Cero,1uU1 BO BpeWI o6e)l.eHHoro nepephrna H 6hma Ha

CTPOHilJIOIUa)l,Ke, H TaM HHKOro He 6hUIO.
llloH:
YBepeH, 1.JTO KaMeHIUHKaM TO)l(e xol.JeTCH c)l,enaTh nepephIB Ha o6e.ll.
~: He 6hmo H cne)l.a Toro, 1.JT06hr KTO-ro TaM pa6ornn B Te1.JeHHe )I.JUI. 51.zzyMaJO, HaM Hy)l(HO CBH3aThCH c apXHTeKTOpOM.
building site ['bildiJ) sait]
lunch break ['Witf breik]
bricklayer ['brik.Jei~]
sign [sain]
to get in touch with sb

CTIJOHilJIOIUa)l,Ka
o6e)l.eHHhlli nepephrn
KaMeHIUHK
3HaK; 30.: CJie)I,
BCTynHTh B KOHTaKT C KeM-JI.,
CBR3aThCH c KeM-Jl.

BonpocLI
3aoaume nonpocbl, "Komopbl.M 3mu npeiJJ10J1CeHW1 Mo211u 6bl C11yJ1Cumb
omnemoM. Heo6xoiJuMaR umjJopMau,uR BbiOe/leHa noAyJK:upHbiM
wpurjJmoM.

1. What have you forgotten?

2. Whose address have you forgotten?
3. Where are you going next month?
4. What part of France are you going to next month?
5. When are you going to the south of France?
1. 'ITO Thi 3a6hm?
2. lJeli a)l.pec Thl Ja6hm?
3. Ky.Ila Bbl e,lleTe B cne.llYJOmeM Mecm~e?
4. B KaKYJO 1.JaCTh <l>paHUHH Bbl e)l.eTe B cne.llYJOIUeM Mecm.(e?
5. Koma Bbl e,lleTe Ha 10r <l>paHI1HH?

348

In a DIY Market
Jill tells Sean that she
would like some tiles on
the floor of the laundry
room. As a tiler would be
expensive, Sean decides
to try his hand at laying
the tiles himself. He goes
to a large DIY market
where a sales assistant
sells him everything he
will need to lay the tiles
like a professional.

EXERCISE
Noun, Adjective, or Adverb
Change the word at the end of the sentences:

1. Nobody wanted to live in the

part of
the town. INDUSTRY
2. The police asked him to give a
of the
suitcase he had lost. DESCRIBE
3. He had no
that he was being watched.
SUSPECT
4. Although I was positive that the girl had stolen my
ring, I could not find any
. PROVE
5. Fruit is always
in summer here.
PLENTY
349

343
Ha cTpouTeJibHOM pbIHKe

.lbourn rosopHT lllotty, 'ITO eti XOTeJIOCb 6hr, lJT06bJ Ha DOJIY KOMHaTbl )UlJl CTHPKH 6bJJia KacpeJibHCUI ruIHTKa. IloCKOJibKY YCJIYflil nJTHTOlfHHKa .noporn' llloH pernaeT nOITbITaTbCSI fi0Jl0)[(}1Tb KacpeJib CBOHMH pyKaMH. OH oTnpaBJISieTCSI Ha Kpyrnn.lli CTpOHTeJibHhIH phlHOK,
me MJiaJJ.llll1H npo.naseu npo.uaeT eMy sce H}')f(Hoe )UlJl Toro, 'IT06h1
Il0Jl0)[(}1Th KacpeJlb KaK npocpecCHOHaJI.
DIY =Do it yourself
tile [tail]
floor [fl:):]
laundry ['b:ndri]
tiler ['taifa]
sales assistant ['seilz ~'sist;mt]
professional [prn'feJ~nl]

c.nenaif caM
Kacpenh, rurnTKa
non
npaqelJHaSI, KOMHaTa
JJ.JlSl CTHPKH
nJIHTO'IHHK
Mna.urn11if npo.naseu
npocpecc11ottan

CYllleCTBHTeJibHOe, npuJiaraTeJibHoe HJIH nape11He

l13MeHume C/IOBO e KOHU,e npei:JAo:HCeHuii:

I. Nobody wanted to live in the industrial part of the town.

2. The police asked him to give a description of the suitcase he had
lost.
3. He had no suspicion that he was being watched.
4. Although I was positive that the girl had stolen my ring, I could
not find any proof.
5. Fruit is always plentiful in summer here.
I. HHKTO He XOTeJI )[(}1Tb B npOMblllIJleHHOii lJaCTH ropo.ua.
2. nonmnm nonpocHJia ero .naTb oDHcattwe 'leMonaHa, KOTOPhIH OH
IlOTepSIJI.
3. OH He no.no3pesan, 'ITO 3a HMM cne)].SIT.
4. Xorn si 6bJJI }'BepeH, 'ITO 3Ta .uesyrnKa YJ<pana Moe KOJihUO, H He
MOr HaHTH HHKaKHX .UOKa3aTeJibCTB.
5. Cf>pYJ<ThI neToM 3.Uech scerna s 11306HJI1u1.

350

345
EXERCISE
Translation
Translate the following sentences into English:
1. Mo)f(Ho MHe B3HTh TBOH PoJUic-potic Ha rrapy
'JaCOB?

2. 51 He CMOry rrpHHTJ.1 H yBH,UeThCSI c T060H B cy66ory.

3. Te6e pa3peunun1 3,nech rrp1mapK0BaThCsi:?
4. HeT, Te6e HeJih3H H.UTH B KMHO c ToMoM.

5. 51 He yrrOJIHOMO'leH OTBe'laTh Ha TaJrn:e BOilpOChl.

6. 51 HHKOf,lla He Mor conpOTHBJISIThCSI TaKHM npe,llJIO)f(eHHSIM.

346

An Exhibition
I wish we hadn't bothered coming to this opening. It's always so boring listening to all these
speeches.
Jill:
We had a personal
invitation, and if we
hadn't come today we
would probably have
missed the exhibition
completely.
Sean: That's true. Look, here
comes someone with a
tray of red wine. I'll
get us two glasses.
Sean:

351

Ilepeeo.zi.
flepeBeaume CAeiJy10w,ue npea1wJ1CeHUJ1 Ha aH211uuc1Cuu:
1. Can I borrow your Rolls Royce for a couple of hours?
2. I won't be able to come and see you on Saturday.
3. Are you allowed to park here?
4. No, you can't/are not allowed to go to the cinema with Tom.
5. I'm not allowed to answer this type of questions.
6. I've never been able to resist such offers.

~----

YfOJIOK 3KCilEPTA ----~

CJioro.aeJieuue B aurJIHiicKOM H3b1Ke

CnoBa, rrpoH3HOCHIUHecH KaK OJUIOCJIO)l(}fbie, He .aemrrcH Ha

cnom, Harrp., large, writes, asked (Ho cJioBa Ha -ce, -ge, -se +
OKOH'IaHHe -s .aeAATCH Ha cnom: ra-ces, chan-ges, hou-ses).

BLICTa&Ka

IlloH:

Jlyqrne 6hI MhI He TPY.llHJIHCh H.llTH Ha OTKPhITHe BhICTaBKH. Bcer.aa TaK CKY'JHO CJIYlllaTh Bee 3TH pe'!H.
,[QKH.lm: Y Hae 6bmo rrepcoHanhHOe rrp11rnarnett11e, 11 ec1111 6bI MhI
He np11IIIJ111 cero.aHH, MbI 6hI,MOfJIH Boo6rn,e nporrycnrTh
BhICTaBKY.
3TO TaK. CMOTPH, CIO)la KTO-TO H)leT c KpaCHbIM BHHOM
IlloH:
Ha no.aHoce. H B03hMY HaM )lBa 6oKana.
exhibition [,eksi'bif~n]
to bother ['b;,o~]
boring ['b;,:ril)]
speech [spi:tfl
invitation [,invi'teif~n]
tray [trei]

BbICTaBKa
6ecrroKOHThC}I
CKyqHhIH
pe'lb
rrp11rnarneH11e
IlO)lHOC

352

"I never read a book

before reviewing it;
it prejudices a man so."
Sydney Smith

Pests
Jill:
Sean:

Jill:
Sean:

What's this funny piece of sticky paper under

the bed?
It's to catch cockroaches.
Oh, that's disgusting!
Would you prefer
that they crawl
over your face
when you're
asleep?

12 -AHrJ111~CKaSI rpaMM3Tl1Ka wyrn

353

51 IDIKOfJJ,a He 'lHTalO KHHI)' nepe.u. peueH3HpOBaHlteM - 3TO Bbl3blBaeT TaKoe npe.u.y6e)!(,!J,emte. - CH.LJ.HH CMHT (1771-1845), aHfJIHHCKHH 3cce11cT (IlHpcott, CMHT CMHTOB)

Cy6cTaHTueupoeauuoe npHJiaraTeJILnoe
Something has to be done for the homeless. - H)')l<Ho 'lTO-TO JJ,eJiaTh
JI.JUI 6e3JJ,OMHbIX.

I get on very well with the Irish. OTHOillettwi: c 11.pJiaHJJ,uaMH.

Y MeIDI O'-leHb xopoun-1e eJaHMO-

B attrJIHHCKOM 513bIKe HeKOTOpbie rrpHJiaraTeJibHbie (Cpe.LJ.H HHX MHOrne, o603Ha'-lalOUJHe Hal.l,HOHaJibHOCTb) MOryr ynoTpe6J151TbC.H B 3HaqeHHH cymeCTBHTeJlbHbIX, HO TOJlhKO co 3Ha'leHHeM MHO)l(eCTBeHHOfO 'll!C.[la, c apTHKJieM the H 6e3 OKOH'lamUI -s:
the rich
the unemployed
the French

6oraThie
6e3pa60Tttb1e
<t>paHl.l.Y3bI

Bpe,ll,HTeJIH
qTO 3TO 3a CMelllHOi1 KJIO'lOK KJieHKOi1 6yMarn noJJ, KpoBaTblO?
,
JlOBYillKa JI.JUI rnpaKaHOB.
Cl>y, 3TO npOTHBHO!
Thi rrpeJJ,no'lJla 6bI, 'IT06h1 OHH HO'lblO noJIJaJIH y Te6.H no
JIHI.l,y, KOrJJ,a Thi CnHUib?

pest [pest]
sticky ['stiki]
cockroach ['bkroutj]
disgusting [ dis'gAstiQ]
to prefer [pri'fa:]
to crawl [kr::d]

epeJJ,HOe HaCeKOMOe, epeJJ,HTeJib

KJiei1KHH
TapaKaH
nponIBHbli1:, OTBpaTHTeJihHbIH
npeJJ,nO'IHTaTb
noJIJaTb

354

"We have just enough

religion to make us hate,
but not enough to make us
love one another."
Jonathan Swift

Booking a Holiday
Jill:
Sean:
Jill:
Sean:

Jill:

It's about time we thought about booking our

holiday.
There's still time.
Not if we want to
go this y ear, there
isn't.
I suppose you're
right. Where shall
we go?
I thought we had
arranged that
already!

355

y Hae BIIOJIHe ,[(OCTaTOqHo pemffHH Alli HeHaBHCTH .[(pyr K .[(pyry,

HO He.[(OCTaTOqHo Alli mo6BH. - LQl<ottaTaH CampT (1667-1745),
HpJiaH.[(CKHH IIHCaTeJib

one/ones
Kor.[(a 11:cqwcJUieMoe cyruecTBHTeJibHOe rroaTop.s1eTc.s1, B aHrnuH:CKOM 513h1Ke era ,[(OJDKHO 3aMemaTb TaK Ha3hIBaeMoe IIOMep)l(HBa10mee cnoao one (e.[(HHCTBeHHoe qucno) HJIH ones (MHO)!(ecrneHHoe qwcno).

If you lose that key, I'm not going to have another one made. - EcJIH Thi IIOTepHeUJh 3TOT KJIJOq, H He co611:pa10Cb 3aKa3bIBaTh .[(pyroit
I don't really like these biscuits - haven't you got any better ones? Mtte COBCeM He HpaBHTCH 3TO rreqeHhe - y Te6H HeT IIOJiyqUJe?

3aKa3 6HJieTOB )I.JUI OTnyCKa

,U)!(HJIJI: Ilopa IIO.[(yMaTh 0 6pOHHPOBaHHH 6HJieTOB Alli OTrryCKa.
lllott:

Eme ecTb apeMH.

,[(:JKHJIJI: EcJIH Mbl XOTHM exaTh eme B 3TOM roey, TO HeT.

lllott:

.UYMaJO, Thi rrpaaa. Ky.[(a Mhl rroe,[(eM?

,U:JKHJIJI: 51 .[(yMaJia, Mbl ~e ,[(OrOBOpHJIHCh!

to think [9il)k]
to book [buk]
to suppose [ s~'pouz]
to arrange [ ~reind3]
already [ :>:l'redi]

.[(yMaTh
6pOHHpOBaTb; 3aKa3hIBaTh
6HJieThl
rrpe.[(rronaraTh; rronaraTh,
.[(YMaTh
,[(OroBOpHThCH, yCJIOBHTbCH
~e

356

On the Subway
Sean and Jill want to travel on New York's subway.
First of all, they have to buy tokens to pay their fare.
These tokens can also be
used on the buses. When
they walk down the stairs
to the subway they are
almost overcome by the
intense heat. They only
travel two stations and
then decide that they
have seen enough. They
are glad to get out into
11
the fresh air again.
~

~~ii

777 !''1''~

EXERCISE

Translation
Translate the following sentences into English:
1. Mosi: MallIHHa CTapasi:, HO H He Mory KYJIHTh HOBYJO.
2. MHe He HpaBHTCH 3TH OTKPhITKH; MOJKHO MHe .llPYr11e, nonyqllle?

3. He Ha)leBaH HOBhle 6pJOKH,

KOr)la Hrpaelllb B necKe;

B03hMH CTapbie.

4. Ec1m Thl noTepIDI aBTOPY'IKY, Te6e npH)leTcsi: KYJIHTh

HOBYJO.

357

B MeTpo
IlfoH H~ XOT.SIT rrpoexaTbCH BHbIO-HOpKCKOM MeT{>O. npe)l()le acero HM Hy)KHO J<YIIHTb )l(eTOHbI .rum oruiaTbI rrpoe3.ua. 3TH )l(eTOHbI MO)l(}{O TaK)l(e HCIIOJib30BaTb B aaTo6ycax. Kor.ua OHM crryCKaIOTCH no JieCTHHIJ,e B MeT{>O, HX rrpHBO)lHT B H3HeMO)l(eHHe
CHJibHaH )Kapa. 0HH rrpoe3)1(aIOT TOJibKO )lBe CTaHI.J;HH H 3aTeM pernaIOT, 'ITO IIOBH)laJIH )lOCTaTO'IHO. OHM pa)lbl CHOBa BbIHTH Ha cae)l(HH B03)lyX.
subway ['SAbwei]
token ['touk;m]
fare [fe:i]
to be overcome [ouv:i'kAm]
intense [in'tens]
to decide [di'said]

MeT{>o (e Hb10-HopKe);
IIO)l3eMKa
)l(eTOH
IlJiaTa 3a rrpoe3)l
O)lOJieBaTb, 6bJTb OXBa'!eHHblM
HHTeHCHBHbIH, CHJibHbIB
pernaTb

Ilepeso,LJ;
Ilepeeeoume CJ1eoy10U(ue npeo11o:J1Ce1tUJ1 Ha a1t211uucKuu R.3btK:

1. My car is old, but I cannot buy a new one.

2. I don't like these picture postcards; can I have better ones?
3. Don't wear your new trousers for playing in the sand; take your old
ones.
,
4. If you've lost your fountain pen, you'll have to buy a new one.

.--------- YrOJIOK 3KCIIEPTA - - - - - - - ,

CJioro.ueJieuue B aumuiicKoM Sl3b1Ke
CJIO)l(Hbie CJIOBa, rrpOH3BO)lHble CJIOBa c rrpHCTaBKaMH Hcy<J:><l:>HKCaMH, a TaK)l(e OKOH'!aHHHMH )leJIHTCSI Ha CJIOrH:
an-other
ex-port
bak-er
(he) teach-es
in-to
beauti-ful
there-fore
box-es
help-less
writ-ing
eat-able
wait-ed
de-scend
trans-late
develop-ment fin-est

__________________. . . . . .re

ei~

358

353

"In thefuture
everyone will be famous
for fifteen minutes."
Andy Warhol

354
A CD Rack
Sean's CD collection has become so large that he has
to think about buying a new rack. After looking at
several models, he eventually finds one that he
likes. It is big enough to
take over two hundred
CDs. When Sean asks
the price he is at first a
bit taken aback because it
is rather expensive. But as
it is the only one he likes
he decides to take it.

359

B 6y~eM KlUK,ll,blH 6yneT JHaMeHHThlM Ha llilTHll,!J,UaTb MHHYT. 3}{JlH YopXOJI (1927-1987), aMepm<aHCKHH xy,nO)l(HHK H KHHope)l(}fCCep
MllO.>KCCTBCHHOe 'lllCJIO ( oco6&1e CJIY11aH)

MHo)l(ecTBeHHoe 'IHCJIO cymecTBHTeJibHbIX B 6oJihUIHHCTBe CJIYl!aeB o6paJyeTCSI npHCOe}lHHeHHeM OKOH'laHIDI -s K <t>opMe enHHCTBeHHOro 'IHCJia, HO y cymecTBHTeJihHhIX, KOTOpble OKaH'IHBaIOTCSI
Ha -s, -SS, -sh, -ch HJIH -x, MHO)l(eCTBeHHOe 'IHCJIO 06pa3yeTCSI npHcoe,nHHeHHeM OKOH'laHHSI -es.
bus
dress
sandwich

tax
wish

buses
dresses
sandwiches

taxes
wishes

y cymecTBHTeJihHhIX, KOTOpble OKaH'IHBaIOTCSI Ha -y nocJie cornacHOro, OKOH'laHHe -y eJlH}{CTBeHHOro 'IHCJia BO MHO)l(eCTBeHHOM npeBpamaeTCSI. B -ies.
lady

ladies

hobby

hobbies

CTeJIJla.>K ,ll,Jlll KOMDaKT-.LUtCKOB

KoJIJieKUHH KOMnaKT-JlHCKOB y llloHa TaK BhipocJia, '!TO eMy H~

HO flOJlYMaTb 0 nOKYfiKe HOBOro CTeJIJia)l(a. IloCMOTPeB PaJHbie MOneJIH, OH HaKOHeU HaxO,nHT TO, 'IT.0 eMY HpaBHTCSI.. CTeJIJia)I{ JJ:OCTaTO'IHO 60JiblllOH, 'IT06hI BMeCTHTb CBblllie JlByxCOT KOMnaKT-JlHC- '
KOB. Korna IlloH cnpaUIHBaeT o ueHe, OH cHa'laJia cJierKa
oUieJIOMJieH, ITOTOMY '!TO oHa JlOBOJihHO BhICOKa. Ho nocKOJihKY 3TO
e}lHHCTBeHHOe, '!TO eMY HpaBHTCSI., OH pelliaeT BJSITb ero.
rack [rrek]
collection [k:l'lekf:ln]
enough [i'rW]
to be taken aback
['teik:ln] [ :l'brek]
expensive [iks'pensiv]
to decide [di'said]

nOJIKa, CTeJIJia)f(
co6paHHe,KoJIJieKUHH
JlOCTaTO'IHO
6bITb OUieJIOMJieHHbIM,
nopa)l(eHHblM
noporoH., noporocTOHI.UHi1
pelliaTb

360

EXERCISE

Plural Forms
Make up the plural forms of the following nouns:
teacher:

look:

hobby:

pencil:

sandwich:
day:

tax:

waiter:

student:

lady:

plane:

wish:

book:

bus:

friend:

AFax
Sean:
Jill:

Sean:

I got a fax from America today. It looks as if

we will be doing more business with the company there.
Great. Does
that mean
you'll have to
go there again
on business?
Occasionally.
Most things
can be handled by phone
or/ax.
361

<l>opMLI MHOlKeCTBeHHoro 1111CJia

06pa3yume <jJopMbl MHoJ1CecmoeHHOW ituc;ia CJ1ei)y10w,ux cyw,ecmnumeAbHbtx:

teachers
hobbies
taxes
ladies
books

looks
pencils
waiters
planes
buses

sandwiches
days
students
wishes
friends

. - - - - - - - YfOJIOK 3KCTIEPTA - - - - - _ _ ,
B attnmiicKOM H3hIKe ecTb HenpaBHJlhHhie <l>opMbI MHO)l(eCTBettttoro 'IHCJia cyi..uecTBHTeJibHhIX, KOTOpbie JIY'lllle BCero BhIYllHTb ttaH3yCTh. HanpHMep:
wife/wives
knife/knives
leaf/leaves
half/halves
tomato/tomatoes
potato/potatoes
man/men
woman/women
foot/feet
tooth/teeth
mouse/mice
sheep/sheep
fish/fish
child/children
passer-by/passers-by

~---------------------~

<J>aKC

lllott:
~:

lllott:

CeroAJUI HnOJIY'IHlI cPaKC H3 AMepHKH. Iloxo)l(e, y Hae TaM

6y.n;eT 60Jibllle .uen c 3TOi\ KOMnaHHeH.
3.uopOBO. 3tta'IHT, Te6e OnHTb npH)l.eTCH e3,UHTb TY.lla B KOMaH,UHPOBKH?
Httor.ua. EoJihlllHHCTBO .uen MO)l(HO yJia.n;HTh no Tene<PoHY HJIH <l>aKcy.

to do business ['biznis]
company ['lwnp:mi]
great [greit]
occasionally [;:,'keiJ;:,n;:,li]
to handle ['hrendl]

secTH .uena
KOMTiaHHH, npe,n;npHHTHe
OTJIHl!HO, 3,UOpOBO
BpeMH OT BpeMeHH, HHOf,Ua
yJia)l(HBaTh

362

A Prize
Sean:
Jill:

Sean:

I've a letter here saying that I've won something, but I don't remember entering any
competition.
Recently when I
was out shopping, I filled in a
card for everyone
in thefamily.
And I was the
lucky one. That
is fortunate.

EXERCISE

Translation
Translate the following sentences into English:
l . Ott 3BOHMT MHe no .UBa.n:UaTh pa3 B .uetth.

2. Ha rrpoIIJJioH tte.uene OH ttaKotteu KYJIMJI HOBYJO

napy 6p10K.

3. Ott eme cry.uettT.

4. JI Y'fMTeJib.
5. oaHaHbl CTOSIT 75 rreHCOB $yttT.

6. Mb1, .uoJDKHo 6hITh, e.ueM co cKopocThlO

(6yK6.: .uenaeM) IlO'ITM 160 KMJIOMeTPOB B qac!
363

IIpH3
IIloH:

y MeIDI 3)leCb B IlHCbMe roBOPHTC.SI, qrn .SI qTO-TO Bbllff-

~:

pan, HO .SI He IlOMHJO, qTo6bI yqaCTBOBaJI B KaKOM-JUi60

KOHKYJJCe.
He)laBHO, KOr)la .si: xo;:i;i.ura no Mara3HHaM, .si: JanoJIHHJla
KapTO'IK)' )l.IUI KIDK)lOfO H3 'IJleHOB ceMbH.
11 MHe nose3Jlo. BoT y)laqa,

IIloH:

competition [,k::>mpi'tif;:in]
to enter ['ent;:i]
recently ['ri:sntli]
to fill in [fi.I]
to be lucky ['Wei]
fortunate ['fa:tfnit]

COCT.Sl3aHHe, KOHKYJJC
yqaCTBOBaTb
He)laBHO
3ailOJIH.SITb
6bITb y)la'IJU'!BbIM
cqacTJIHBblH, y)laqHblH

Ilepeeo,ll;
IlepeBeiJume CAeOylOU(Ue npeiJJlO'JICeHWl Ha QH2/lUUCKUU Jl3bl/C.'

1. He calls me up about twenty times a day.

2. He finally bought a new pair of trousers last week.
3. He's still a student.
'
4. I'm a teacher.
5. The bananas are 75 pa pound.
6. We must be doing almost 160 km an hour!

. . . - - - - - - - YrOllOK 3KCTIEPTA - - - - - - - - ,
Ilepe'IHCJieHHe

first(ly), in the first place

second(ly), in the second place
third(ly), in the third place
fourth(ly), in the fourth place

364

so-nepBbIX
BO-BTOpblX
B-TpeThHX
B-'leTBepTblX

A Party
Jill and Sean have been invited to a party. When Sean
comes home from work, he is so tired that he says he
would rather stay at home.
Jill has to persuade him to
take a shower and change
his clothes. When they
arrive at the party, Sean
has livened up a bit, and
by the end of the night
he cannot imagine that
he wanted to stay at
home at all.

"Questions
are never indiscreet.
Answers sometimes are."
Oscar Wilde

Be11epHHJ{a
)l.JtrnmI H IlloH npHrnameHbI Ha Be'!ePHHKY Kor.na IlloH rrpHXo.nttT
.noMOH c pa60Tbl, OH TaK ycnUI, '!TO fOBOpHT, '!TOeM)' Jiy'llile 6bI ocTaTbCSI .noMa. )l.JtrnmI npHXO.nHTCSI yroBapHBaTb ero rrpHHSITb .nyrn
H rrepeo.neTuCsi. Kor.na OHH rrpH6bIBalOT Ha Be'!epHHI<y, IlloH HeMHor o O)l(}{B]UleTCSI, a K KOHUY Be'!epa OH BOo6me He MO)!(:eT rrpe.ncTaBHTb, '!TO XOTeJI OCTaTbCSI .noMa.
tired ['tafad]
rather ['ra:o:)]
to persuade [p:)'sweid]
to take a shower [teik] [~au:)]
to change [tfeind3]
to liven up ['laivn]
to imagine [i'mred3ffi)

yCTaJibIH
cKopee, .II)"fllle
y6e)!(:,naTb,yrOBapHBaTb
ITpHIDITb .nylil
CMeHHTb,rrepeMeHHTb
O)!(:HBJISITbCH
rrpe,ncTaBJUITb, Boo6pa)!(:aTb

HecKpOMHbIX sonpocos He 6bmaer. EbIBaIOT 1rnor.na HeCKPOMHbie

oTBeTbI. - OcKap YafuJb.n (1854-1900), aHrnHHCKHH 1mcaTeJih HpJiatt.nCKoro npOHCXO)!(:,neHHSI

ApTll:KJib a/an
I'm a plastic surgeon. He's still a student. -

51 ITJiacT11<J:eCKHH XHpypr.
OH ew.e cry.neHT.

Ilp11 o603Ha<J:eHH11 npocflecc1rn, 3aIDITHSI 11 T..n.

onpe.neneHHbIH apTHKJib a/an.

366

~OTpe6JIHeTCH

He-

In the Toy Shop

Sean and Jill are in a toy shop looking for a birthday
present for a nephew. Sean is immediately attracted
to the electronic games
section. He suggests
buying a talking robot
which plays chess. However, he has to agree with
Jill that this is hardly a
suitable birthday present
for a four-year-old.

EXERCISE

"look" and "see"

Fill in the following words where appropriate:
look - looking - looking - looks - see - see - seen:
1. He wants to
us.
2. Let me
you to the door.
3. Don't
so sad.
4. You haven't
them yet.
5. It
very important.
6. We must start _____ again.
7. We're still
for a house.

367

B Mara3HHe HrpymeK
IlloH H ~ B Mara3HHe HrpyrneK BhI6HpaIOT rmeWIHHHKY rro.uapoK Ha .ueHh po)!(JleHIDI. llloHa TYi' )l(e rrpHBJieKaeT oT.uen 3JieKTpOHHhIX Hrp. OH rrpe,UJiaraeT KYJIHTh roBopH11J,ero po6oTa, KOTOphIH HrpaeT B IIIaxMaThI. 0.uHaKO OH BhIH)')!(JleH cornaCHThCH
c ~ , 'ITO 3TO BPM JIH rro.u.xo,UHIIIHH rro.uapoK .llJlH 'IeThipeXJieTHero pe6eHKa.
toy [t::>i]
nephew ['nevju:]
immediately [i'mi:dj~tli]
to be attracted to [~'trrektid]
section ['sekf~n]
robot ['roub::>t]
chess [tfes]
hardly ['ha:dli]
suitable ['sju:t~bl]

HrpyrnKa
rmeWIHHHK
HeMe,UJieHHO, TOT'Iac, TYi' )l(e
6bITh rrpHBJie'IeHHhIM 'IeM-JI.
OT,UeJI
po6oT
IIIaxMaThl
e.uBa JIH, BPM JIH
IIO.U.XOMIIIHH

"look" H "see"
Bcmaebme CJ1eoy10~ue CJI08Q maM, zoe OHU noiJxooflm:

1. He wants to see us.

2. Let me see you to the door.
3. Don't look so 'sad.
4. You haven't seen them yet.
5. It looks very important.
6. We must start looking again.
7. We're still looking for a house.
1. OH xo'IeT Hae BH,UeTh.
2. Tio3BOJlhTe rrpOBO.UHTh Bae .uo ,UBepH.
3. He rpycTH.
4. Thi HX eme He BH,UeJI.
5. 3-ro Ka)l(eTCH BeCbMa Ba)l(HhJM.
6. Mhl CHOBa ,UOJl)l(Hhl Ha'IaTh HCKaTh.
7. Mh1 Bee eme mueM .uoM.

368

In the Bathroom
Jill:
Sean:
Jill:

Come into the bathroom and look at this.

What is it? Not a shoal offish in the bath or
anything like that, I hope.
No, but the bath
isn'tjust an ordinary bath, it's

a Jacuzzi.
Sean:

I'll have to try it

out tonight.

'

"Most women
are not so young as
they are painted."
Max Beerbohm

B eaHHoii
)l,)KIDJJI: Ilotmw-Ka B BaHttyIO H B3rJUIHH Ha 3TO.
qTO TaM? Ha;:(eIOCb, He pbI6HblM KOCSIK B BaHHe H.JIH 'ITOm16y,a:b Bpo,zi:e 3TOfO.
)],)KIDJJI: HeT, HO BaHHa He o6hI'IHaSI, 3TO .IOKaKY3H.
llloH:
IlpH)J:eTCSI HCilbITaTb ee cero,a:HSI Be'lepoM.
llloH:

bathroom ['ba:erum]
shoal [foul]
ordinary [':>:dnri]
Jacuzzi (d3~'ku:zi]
to try out [trai]
tonight [t~'nait]

BaHHaSI
KOCSIK, CTaSI
o6bl'IHhIM
.IOKaKY3H
HCilbITbIBaTb
cero,a:m1 seqepoM

EOJTblllHHCTBO :>KeHIIIHH He TaK MOJTO)J:hl, KaK HaKpallleHbl. MaKc E11p60M (1872-1956), attrnwiicKHM n11caTeJTb 11 Kap11Karyp11cT ( B 3aLUHTY KOCMeTHKH)

06pa3oeauue uape'luii ua -ly

rrp1rnaraTeJihHOe
slow
boring
simple
easy
automatic
true
whole

rrepeBOLI.
slowly
boringly
simply
easily
automatically
truly
wholly

Me)J:JTeHHO
CKY'JHO
npOCTO
JTerKo
aBTOMaTH'leCKH
BepHO
l.(eJTHKOM, BIIOJTHe

EoJiblllHHCTBO npoH3BO.ll,HbIX ttape'IHM o6pa3YJOTCSI np11coe.11,1rneHHeM cy<PqmKca -ly, Ho:

le~

-ly

-y ~ -ily

-ic ~ -ically

tteMoe -e B CJIOBax true, due w whole BbIIIa,!(aeT.

370

- - - - - EXERCISE - - - - -

Translation
Pay special attention to the adverbs:

1. OH TIJioxo r0Bop11T no-aHrJIHHCKH.

2. Ho eCJIH

OH 6y,n;eT BHHMaTeJibHbIM, OH .llOBOJibHO

CKOpo 11cnpaBHTCH.

3. .SI noHeMHOry (6yKB. : Me,IJ;JieHHO) Haq11Hal0 IlOHHMaTb aHfJIHHCKYIO rpaMMaTHKy.

4. TBoH cec'fl)a oqeHb xoporno TIJiaBaeT.

5. 3,n;ecb oqeHb CHJibHO naxtteT ':leCHOKOM.

6. OH BblfJIH.IJ;HT nono3p11TeJibHO, CJIOBHO Bop.

7.

Ero aKl(eHT 3ByqHT 3a6aBHO.

A Bus Trip
There is a blackboard in the hotel lobby where all activities offered by the hotel are listed. Jill notices that
there's a bus trip to several
places of interest today.
She asks the man behind
the information desk if
there are still four seats
available on the bus.
When he tells her that
there are exactly four
seats still free she books
them immediately.

371

Ilepeeo,ll,
06pamume oco6oe 6HUMaHue Ha Hape'IUR:

l. He speaks English badly.

2. But ifhe is careful, he'll improve fairly quickly.
3. I'm slowly beginning to understand English grammar.
4. Your sister swims very well.
5. It smells very strongly of garlic in here.
6. He looks suspiciously like the thief.
7. His accent sounds funny .
- - - - - - - - YfOJIOK 3KCilEPTA - - - - - - - - ,
. -Ilocne
3THX rnaronoa, KaK npaaHJio, ynorpe6JU1eTc.s1 a,uneK-
THBHa.sJ opMa (6e3 -/y):
taste 6bITb BJ<YCHbIM
smell rraxHyrh
sound JByq:aTh

feel qyBCTBOBaTb (ce6.s1)

look BhirJUl,lJ,eTb

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ABTo6ycuu 3KCKYJ>CIUI
B x01me roCTHHHQhI eCTh .u:ocKa, Ha KOTopoH: nepel.JHCJieHbI ace BHJ.J.bI aKTHBHOro OTJ.J.bIXa, rrpe.lI)IaraeMbie OTeJieM. ~ JaMel.JaeT, 'ITO
ceroJ.J.H.sJ TaM eCTb HHTepeCHa.sJ 3KCJ<YPCH.!I no HeCKOJibKHM J.J.OCTOrrpttMeqaTeJibHOCT.sJM. Otta cnpanmaaeT qeJioBeKa Ja HttopMaQHOHHOH CTOHKOH, ecTb Jitt ern.e B aBTo6yce l.JeTbipe cao6oJ.J.HhIX MecTa. KorJ.J.a OH roaopHT eH:, qTo TaM ern.e KaK paJ 'IeTbipe cao6oJ.J.HhIX
MeCTa, OHa Tyr )l(e 6poHHpyeT HX.
blackboard ['blrekb:l:d]
activity [rek'tiviti]
several ['sevr;:)l]
information desk
[,infa'meif;:)n desk]
available [;:)'veil;:)bl]
exactly [ig'zrektli]
immediately [i'rni:dj;:)tli]

J.J.OCKa (a.I/JI o60Jl6AeHUU)

J.J.e.sJTeJibHOCTh; 3a.: aKTHBHbIH
OTJ.J.bIX
HeCKOJibKO
HHopMaQHOHHa.sJ CTOHKa
J.J.OCTynHbIH, CB060J.J.HbIH
TOl.JHO,pOBHO
HeMe.lI)IeHHo, TOT'Iac, Tyr )!(e

372

A New Film in the Cinema

Lyn has read a review of a new film starring one of
her favourite actors. She phones up the cinema to
reserve two tickets for
that evening. The lady
on the phone informs her
that the cinema is already
sold out but that she can
reserve two tickets for the
following night. Lyn is a
bit disappointed, but she
accepts the offer.

, "Respectable means rich,

and decent means poor.
I should die if I heard
my family called decent:'
Thomas Love Peacock

373

HOBblH KHH<>cl>HJibM

Jhrn npo'lJla peueH311IO Ha HOBbrH $HJibM, rnaBttyIO pOJib B KOTOpoM 11rpaeT o,n11H 113 ee n10611Mb1x aKTepos. Otta 3BOHl1T s KHHOTeaTP, 'IT06h1 3aKa3aTh .naa 6HJiera Ha aeqep. LI.aMa y Tene<t>otta coo6maeT ei1:, 'ITO ace 6HJieThJ rrpo,naHbl, Ho otta MO:lKeT 3aKa3aTb .naa 611nera Ha cne.nYI01Ul1H aeqep. JI11tt HeCKOJibKO pa3oqaposaHa, HO
rrp11H11MaeT rrpe,nno:lKett11e.
review [ri'vju:]
to star [sta:]
favourite ['feiv~rit]
actor ['rekt~]
disappointed [.dis~'p:>intid]

peuett3IDI
11rpaTb fJlaBHYIO pOJib
JII0611MhIH
aKTep
pa3o'IapoaaHHblH

PecrreKTa6eJibHhrn - 3Ha'Il1T 6oraThrn, npHlIH'IHhrH - 3Ha'll1T 6e.nHhrn. 5l 6b1 YMep, ecn11 6b1 yCJJbilllaJI, 'ITO MOJO ceMhIO Ha3bIBaJOT rrp11JIJ.f\IHOH. - ToMac Jlaa CT11KOK ( 1785-1866), attrJIHi1:cKHii: asrnp caTHpH'IeCKHX poMaHOB

B ycnoBHhIX npe,nno:lKemrnx Heo6xo.n11M rnep,nbIH rropsr,noK <t>opM

rnaroJIOB B rnaBHOM 11 npH,naTO'IHOM rrpe.nJIO)l(eHHJ.f (Ha'IJrnaJOJ.J.1,HMCSI c "if'). Pa3JIH'IaJOT TPl1 rpYfJf\bI:
1. Ifwe use more solar energy, pollution will decrease. (Present
Tense - will+ 11H$HHHTHB) - Ecnw Mbl 6y,neM ITOTPe6JISITh
6oJibIIIe contte'IHOH 3Heprnw, 3arpSI3HeHHe OKP~a10mel1 cpe,nbl YMeHbIIIl1TCSI.
2. If we used more solar energy, pollution would decrease. (Past
Tense - would+ HH$HHHTHB) - EcJIH 6bt MbI noTpe6JISIJIH
60JibIIIe COJIHe'IHOH 3Heprmt, 3arpSI3HeHHe OKp~a10mei1 cpe,D;bl YMeHhUIHJIOCh 6hr.
3. Ifwe had used more solar energy, pollution would have decreased.
(Past Perfect - would have + npH'iaCTHe npoUie,nUiero apeMeH11) - EcJIH 6bJ Mbl TIOTPe6JISIJIH 6oJihllle conHe'IHOH 3Heprn11,
3arpSI3HeHHe OKp~aIOll.l,eH cpe,nbl MOrJIO 6bl YMeHbllll1TbCSI.

374

An Evening in front of the Fire

T9m:

Lyn:

This open.fireplace was a good investment.

With the back boiler heating up other radiators we don't use
as much oil for the
central heating as
before.
Apartfrom the
financial aspect it
is very pleasant
sitting here in the
evening watching
the logs bum.
. ... "' .
~

EXERCISE

Conditional Sentences
,

Link each pair ofsentences, turning them into conditional sentences with "if':
1. I knew my way. I did not ask a policeman.
2. I don't know the way. I ask a policeman.
3. The policeman did not catch him. The thief
escaped.
.
4. You have left your keys inside. Someone will break
the door open for you.

375

Be11ep y KaMHHa
ToM:

lIHH:

3TOT OTKpbITbIB KaMHH 6bIJI xopomHM rrpHo6peTeHHeM.

c 3THM 3a,zJ.HHM KOTJIOM, rro.norpeBaJOlll.HM .npyrHe pa,nH-

aTOpbl, MbI He IIOTpe6JUieM CTOJibKO MaCJia JlJUI ueHTpaJibHOfO OTOIIJieHHJI, KaK paHbme.
IlOMHMO <l>HHaHCOBOfO acrreKTa, O'leHh rrpIDITHO CMeTb
3.necb seqepoM, f.IDI.!I.H, KaK IlbIJiaIOT IIOJieHbH.

boiler ['b:>il~]
radiator ['reidieit~]
central heating
['sentrnl 'hi:tiQ]
aspect ['resp~kt]
log [bg)

6oitrrep, rrapOBOH KOTeJI

pa,nHaTOp
ueHTpaJibHOeOTOIIJieHHe
acne KT
IIOJieHO

YcJioeu&1e npe)J,JloJKeHHH
CoeauHume napbl npeaAoJH:eHuu, npeo6p03yR ux B yCAoBHble nocpeacmBOM "if'':

1. If I had known my way, I would not have asked a policeman.

2. If I don't know the way, I will ask a policeman.
3. If the policeman had not caught him, the thief would have escaped.

4. If you have left your keys inside, someone will break the door
open for you.

1. Ecirn 6b1 H 3HaJI .nopory, H He cnpamHBaJI 6b1 IIOJIHUeiicKoro.

2. EcJIH H He 3HaIO .nopory, H cnpomy y noirnueH:cKoro.

3. EcnH 6bI IIOJIHUeHCKHii He noiiMaJI BOpa, TOT 6bl CKpbIJIC.H.
4. EcnH Thi OCTaBHJI KJIJO'IH BHYfPH, KTO-HH6Y.!J.b B3JIOMaeT JlJUI
Te6H .11.aepb.

376

Christmas Shopping
Lyn usually leaves all her Christmas shopping until
the last minute. This year she has decided to be more
organized. She intends
writing a list of presents.
After half an hour she has
thought up quite a few
things. It remains to be
seen if she does buy any of
the presents before December or if everything
will be bought in the last
week before Christmas,
as usual.

"The man who makes no mistakes

does n-ot usually make anything:'
E.1 Phelps

PolK,ll;ecreeecKHe DOKYJIKH
06hI'-IHO JI1rn OTKJHl,UhIBaeT Bee po)l()J.eCTBeHCKHe 110KYflK11 .no 110cne.ntteH: MHHYfhI. B 3TOM ro.uy otta peIIIBJia 6hITh 6onee opraHH3oBaHHOH. Otta co6HpaeTCH ttaIIHcaTb CIIHCOK 110.uapKoB. Crrycn111on':laca otta yxe MHoroe 11pH,UyMana. OcTaeTcH TOJihKO y1m.neTb, .ueH:CTBHTeJibHO JIH OHa KYIIHT HeKOTOpbie 110.uapKH .no .ueKa6pH HJIH )J(e
see, KaK o6bI'lHO, 6y.ueT KYIIJieHO Ha 110CJie.nHeH He.uene 11epe.u Po)J(.uecTBOM.
shopping ('.f:>piI))
to organize [':>:g:maiz]
present ['preznt]
to think up (8iI)k)
that remains to be seen

110KYf1KH;Xo)l()J.eHHe
110 Mara3HHaM
opraHH30BaTb
110.uapoK
BhI.ll.)'MhIBaTh, 11pHJJ:YMbIBaTb
OCTaeTCH TOJibKO ysH,UeTh

qenoBeK, KOTOphIH He .uenaeT onrn6oK, o6bl'-IHO Boo6me HH':lero

He .uenaeT. - 3 ..[bt<:. <l>en11c (1822-1900), H3 pe'-IH (1899 r.)

Koceemirur pe11b
B KOCBeHHOH pe'-IH ecTb HeKOTOpbie H3MeHeHHH 110 cpaBHett1110
c 11pS1Mo:H. Hy)J(Hb1 JIM H3MeHeHHH H KaKHe HMeHHo, 3aBMCHT OT BpeMetttt6H: cl>opMhl BBO.UHOro rnaroJia H OT 1103HIIHH 3aMeHHTeJIH coo6meHHH.
IlpBMaJI pe11b: Peter: ''Are you coming to my party tomorrow, Tom?"
Tom: "I can't come tomorrow. I want to finish programming my computer. "

KocBeuuas pe'lb: Peter asked Tom if he was corning to his party the
next day. Tom said that he couldn't come the next day because he wanted to finish programming his computer.
378

Pruning Trees
Tom:

Lyn:

I think I'll get a gardener along to prune the

fruit trees in the garden. I don't have a clue
which branches are
to be cut and which
stay.
The trees always
look so nice when
they are in blossom
in spring. It would
be a shame to ruin
them.

EXERCISE
Indirect Speech
Transform the following sentences into indirect speech:
1. Tom said: "I am looking forward to the weekend."
2. Tom said: "Yesterday my car broke down."
3. Sue asked Lyn: "Come and see me sometime."
4. Tom says: "I've ordered a new car."
5. Tom said: "I will order a new car."
6. Sue said: "The best would be to take a taxi."

379

06pe3Ka ,11;epesheB
ToM:

JIHH:

)l;)'MaIO, H BhI30BY ca,noBHHKa, qTo6bI o6pe3aTb nJIO.llOBhie

,llepeBbH B Ca)ly. 51 TIOHHTIDI He HMeIO, KaICHe BeTIGI tty)KHO o6pe3aTb, a KaKHe OCTaBJUITb.
)l;epeBbH BCer,ua TaK KPaCHBO CMOTpHTCH BeCHOH B UBezy.
He xoTeJIOCh 6bl HX 11cnopTHTh.

to prune [pru:n]
gardener ['ga:dn;)]
I haven't a clue [klu:]
branch [bra:ntJl
blossom ['bbs;)m]

o6pe3aTb (oemou)
CaJJ:OBHHK
H TIOHHTIDI He HMeJO
BeTBh,BeTKa
UBeT (oepe8be8, KycmapHUICOB),
UBeTeHHe

KocseHHa.a pe-..b
Ilpeo6pa3yiime oaHHble npeoAoJ1CeHW1 B KocoeHHYIO pe'lb:

1. Tom said that he was look4tg forward to the weekend.

2. Tom said that his car had broken down the day before.
3. Sue asked Lyn to come and see her sometime.
4. Tom says that he has ordered a new car.
5. Tom said that he would order a new car.

6.

Sue said that the best would be to take a taxi.

1. ToM CKa3aJI, qTQ OH npe,llBK)'lllaeT BhIXO.llHhie.

2. TOM CKa3aJI, qTO ero MallIHHa CJIOMaJiaCb Bqepa.

3. Cb10 nonpocHJia JlHH KaK-HH6Y.llh 3aHTH H noBH,llaTbCH c Heii.
4. TOM fOBOpHT, qTO 3aKa3aJI HOByIO MalllffHY.
5. TOM CKa3aJI, qTo 3aKruKeT HOByIO MallIHtty.
6. CbJO cKa3aJia, qTo nyqrne Bcero 6bIJIO 6bI B3HTh TaKCH.

380

A New Bulb
Lyn:
Tom:

Lyn:

The bulb in the bathroom is broken again.

Could you change it, ifyou have time?
That bulb needs
changed rather
often. I think I'll
buy one of those
long-life bulbs
this time.
That's a good
idea. Then you
don 't have to fall
off the ladder as
often.

"Men talk about killing time,

while time quietly kills them."
Dion Boucicault

HoeaJI JJaMDo'IKa
JlHH:
ToM:
JlHtt:

JlaMnO'IKa B BaHHOH onsiTb neperopena. MoJKeT, ee cMeHHlllb, ecmt y Te6si: ecTb apeMSI:?
TaKasi: JiaMTIO'IKa TPe6yeT ,ll;OBOJibHO qacToH 3aMeHbI. )l,yMalO, Ha 3TOT pa3 SI: KYflJllO O,ll;tty 113 JiaMn, KOTOpbie CJIYJKaT .noJibllle.
Xopolllasi: J.f)J.esi:. Toma Te6e He npMeTcsi: TaK '!aero na.naTb
co CTPeMSI:HKH.

bulb [bAlb]
bathroom ['ba:erum]
to change [tfeind3]
long-life ['bQlaif]
ladder ['Ired:)]

JiaMTIO'IKa (3JleKmpu'teCKOJ/)
BaHHaSI: KOMHaTa
MeHSI:Tb
,ll;OJiroCpO'IHbIH
necTHHUa, CTPeMRHKa

<JllO,ll;H 6oJITalOT 0 TOM, KaK y6HTb BpeMR, TOr.na KaK BpeMR THXO y6HBaeT HX. -)l,aiioH Byc11Ko (1820?-1890), aMepHKaHCKHH npaMarypr HpJiaH,ll;CKOro npOHCXO)l(.IJ.eHJUI

a lot of (lots of)

That could get you into a lot of (lots of) trouble. - 3To Morno .nocTaBHTb re6e MHOro (MHOJKeCTBO) XJIOTIOT.
He asked lots of (a lot of) silly questions again. - OH cHoBa 3a,ll;aJI
MHOro (MHOJKeCTBO) rnynhIX BOnpocOB.
She thinks she knows a lot. - Otta .IJ.YMaeT, 'ITO O'lettb MHoro 3HaeT.

a /otof(lotsoj) ynoTPe6MeTC.SI B o6bl'IHbIX noaeCTBOBaTeJlbHbIX npenJIOJKeHHSI:X. EcJIH 3a 3THM He cne.nyeT CYlileCTBHTeJihHoe (trouble
H T.JJ:.) HJIH MecToHMeHHe (us, them 11 T..n.), "of' Bhma.naeT (There's

a lot to be done).

382

A New Printer
Tom's printer does not work properly anymore.
He has had it repaired twice, but doesn't think it'll
be worthwhile having repaired again. He asks in a
computer shop if they will
accept the old printer in
part-exchange. The shopowner makes Tom a good
offer for his old printer
and gives him a discount
on the new one so that
Tom immediately agrees
on the deal.

EXERCISE

The Passive Voice

Insert the verb given in brackets in the correct tense of
the passive voice:
1. The National Gallery _ _ _ _ _ _ (erect)
between 1832 and 1838.
2. The national museums _ _ _ _ _ __
(maintain) out of public funds.
3. The Wallace Collection _ _ _ _ _ _ (give)
to the nation in 1897.

383

Hoeblii npHIITep
IlpHHTep ToMa craJI nJioxo pa60TaTh. OH .llBIDK,LJ;hI oT.naml.11 ero B peMOHT, HO ,LzyMaeT, 'ITO ero He CTOHT CHOBa peMOHTJ1POBaTb. OH cnpall.IlIBaeT B KOMIIblOTepHOM MaraJHHe, npHMYf Jill OIDI CTapbrH npHHrep B Ja'leT HOBoro. Bna.neneu Mara3HHa .nenaeT ToMY xopornee npe.nJIO)KeHHe Ja CTapbIH npHHTep 11.naeT eMY CK11,!J.KY Ha HOBbIH' TaK 'ITO
ToM 'fYT )Ke cornarnaeTc.H Ha 3Ty c.nemcy.

printer ['print;)]
to repair [ ri'pt:;)]
worthwhile [,w;):0'wail]
to accept sth in part-exchange
discount ['diskaunt]
deal [di:!]

npHHTep
'IHHHTb,peMOHTHpOBaTb
CTO.HIUHH
rrpmmMaTb 'ITO-JI.
B Ja'leT qero-JI.
CK11,!J.Ka
c.neJJKa

IlaccHB

flocma6bme i!./IGW!l 6 C1C061Cax 6 HY:>ICHOM 6peMeHu naccu6a:

I. The National Gallery was erected between 1832 and 1838.

2. The national museums are maintained out of public funds.
3. The Wallace Collection was given to the nation in 1897.
1. Hau110HaJibHa.H ranepesi: 6bIJia rrocTpoetta Me)l()l)' 1832 H 1838 rr.
2. Hau110HaJibHhle MyJeH co.nep)KaTC.H Ha 06meCTBettHb1e cpe.ncrna.
3. KoJIJ1eKUH.H YoJIJ1eca 6bIJia nepe.naHa B .nap ttapo.n;y B 1897 r.

384

379
EXERCISE

Translation
Translate thefollowing.sentences into Russian, paying
special attention to the words Jair' and fairly':

1. Lyn has fair hair.

2. The children enjoyed the fair in the village.
3. Don't cheat! You should play fair.
4. He was fairly tired after his long journey.
5. There was a fair amount of applause.
6. He went sailing because the weather was fair.

A Games Evening
Tom and Lyn meet friends every two weeks to play
cards. They either play canasta or rummy for small
stakes. The card game is
not taken too seriously.
They are more concerned
about having an evening
together talking about the
events of the last fortnight.
As none of them concentrate too much on the
cards no one loses too
much money.

13 - AHrm1~cKas:1 rpaMMantKa wyrn

385

Ilepeeo.n.
flepeBeaume CAeay10~ue npea110J1CeHUR Ha pyccKuii R3blK. 06pamume
npu 3moM oco6oe BHUMaHue Ha CAOBafair ufair/y:
1. y JlHH 6eJIOKYPbie BOJIOCbI.
2. ,[(ernM nottpamUiaCb HpMapKa B ,LJ,epeatte.
3. He )l(}'JihHHqati! Te6e cne.eyeT 11rpaTh qecTHO.
4. Ott )')Kactto ycTaJI nocne ,LJ,OJiroti rroeJn;KH.
5. OqeHh MHOfO aITJIO,Ll,HpOBaJIH.
6. Ott BblllleJI B ITJiaBattHe, noTOMY ~ 6b1J1a xopornaH (HCHaH) noro,LJ,a.
~----- YfOJIOK 3KCIIEPTA -----~

,[(po6n/Fractions

1/3

a/one third
three fifths
2 3/7
two and three sevenths
1/2
a/one half
1/4
a/one quarter
l 1/2
one and a half
2 3/4
two and three quarters
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~--'

3/5

380
Be'lep 1ffP
K(l)f(JJ,bie ,LJ,Be tten:enH ToM 11 JlHH BCTpeqa10Tcn c ,n:py3hHMH, qrn6b1
CblrpaTb B KapTbI. Ott1111rpa10T BJCattacry HJIH paMMH c tte6oJibWHMH CTaBKaMH. 11rpa B KapTbl He ripHHHMaeTC51 BCephe3. 11M B(i)l(Jiee
npoBeCTH Beqep BMecTe, o6c)')Kn:a51. co6hITH51 nocnen:HHX ,LJ,Byx tte,L1,eJI1>. IlocKOJihKY HHKTO 113 HHX He CJIHlIIKOM cocpe,L1,0Taq11BaeTC5I
Ha KapTax, HHKTO He npoHrpbrnaeT CJIHlllKOM MHOro.
game [geim]
stake [steik]
seriously ['si.irfasli]
to be concerned with
[k.in's.i:nd]
event [i'vent]
fortnight ['fa:tnait]

Hrpa

CTaBKa
cepbe3Ho
6bITb 3aH51TbIM, HHTepecoBaTbC51,
3a60THThC51
C06hITHe
JlBe He)leJIH

386

A Fault in the Television

Tom and Lyn wanted to watch a particular programme on television. However, when Tom switched
on the set, there was
nothing to be seen but
coloured dots. He phoned
a TV repair man who told
him that all televisions in
that area had the same
problem. Apparently
workers laying telephone
cables had damaged the
TV cable.

382
EXERCISE

but, in spite of, although

Insert the above words, as needed, in the following
sentences:
1. We went for a walk
the rain.
2.
it was raining we went for a walk.
3. He is brilliant
erratic.
4. He could not
laugh
the
joke was against him.
5.
his tiredness he worked on.

387

HenommKH c TeJ1eeu3opoM
ToM H JlHH xoTellil nocMOTpeTh no TeJieBH3opy onpe.ueJieHJJYIO nporpaMMY. 0.uHaKO KOr)la TOM BKJIIOlfHJI TeJieBH30p, HH'fero He 6hmO
BH.llHO, KpOMe l.J,BeTHhIX TOlfeK. OH no3BOHHJI reJieBH3HOHHOMY MacTepy, KOTOphIH CKa3aJI eMY, 1.fTO y Bcex TeJieBH30pOB B OKpyre Ta :lKe
npo6JieMa. 01.feBH)lHO, pa6oq11e, npoKJia)lbIBfill reJie<l>oHHyI<> .IIHIDIIO,
noape)lHJIH reJieBH3HOHHbIH Ka6eJib.
fault [ fa:lt]
particular [p~'tikjul~]
to switch on [switJl
coloured ['kAfad]
dot [d~t]
apparently [ ~pc.ernntli]
cable ['keibl]
to damage ['dc.emid3]

.ue<t>eKT, HeHcnpaBHOCTb
oco6eHHblH, OC06bIH,
onpe.ueJieHHbIH
BKJIIOl.faTh
U,BeTHOH, pa3HOl.J,BeTHbIH
T01.f Ka
01.f eBH)lHO
Ka6eJih
noape)f()laTh

but, in spite of, although

Bcmaebme iJaHHbte BbtUte C/IOBa e CJ1eiJy10U(ue npeiJAoJ1CeHW1, eC/lu 3mo
Heo6xoiJuMo:

1. We went for a walk in spite of the rain.

2. Although it was raining we went for a walk.
3. He is brilliant but erratic.
4. He could not but laugh although the joke was against him.
5. In spite of his tiredness he worked on.

l. HecMOTPSI Ha JlO)!()lh, Mb! noIIIJIH ryJISITb.

2. Xorn weJI .UO)!()lh, MhI noIIIJI11 ryJISITh.
3. OH TaJiaHTJIHBhIH, HO CYMac6po.UHhIH.
4. EMy Hl11.fero OCTaBaJIOCb, KpOMe KaK paccMeSITbCSl, XOTSI wyrKa
6hJJia Ha ero cqeT.
5. HecMOTPSI Ha ycTaJIOCTh, OH npo)lOJI)l(aJI pa6oTaTh.

388

383
Traveller's Cheques
Jill has to go to the bank to cash some traveller's
cheques. She and Sean had brought some cash with
them, but it is all used
up. They could pay in
restaurants and shops
with the cheques, but
they decided that it
would be easier to pay
with cash especially
since some shops demand a fee for accepting the cheques.

384

"Everything is funny
as long as it is happening
to someone else:'
Will Rogers

H}')KHO notl:nt B 6aHK, 'IT06bJ nOJIY'lHTb ,UeHhrH no .llOPO)!(HhlM 'leKaM. 0Ha H IlloH B3HIDI c co6oH Ha.Jlli'IHhle, HO Bee HCTpaTJ.i.JIH. 0HH MOfJIH pacllJia'IHBaThCH 'leKaMH B pecTopaHax H Mara3HHax, HO pelllHJIH, 'ITO 6y.ueT rrpome T1JiaTHTb tta.JUl'IHbIMH, oco6eHHO noTOMy, 'ITO HeKOTOpbie MaraJHHbl B3HMaIOT c6op Ja npHeM
'l.eKOB.
traveller's cheque
['trrevln tfek]
cash [kren
to use up [ju:z]
to decide [di'said]
especially [is'pef;)li]
to demand [di'ma:nd]

fee [fi:]

.uopO)!(HbJH 'leK
HaJIJ.flIHhie
HCTpaTHTb
pernaTb
oco6ettHo
Tpe6oBaTb; B3HMaTb
c6op

384
Bee Ja6aBHO .uo Tex nap, noKa CJIY'laeTcH c KeM-ro .upymM. - YHJIJI
Po,L()!(epc ( 1879-1935), aMep11KaHcKHi110Mop11cT, HeyqettbIH .uaw,L()!(ecT

E.lUIHCTeeuuoe H MHO:>KecTeeuuoe 'IHCJio: oco6b1e CJIY'laH

The Miller family go shopping every Saturday.
Every family has problems now ana then.
rip11 co611paTeJibHhrx JHa'leHHHX rnaron ynorpe6ru:reTcH:
1. BO MHO)!(eCTBeHHOM 'IHCJie, eCJIH HMeIOT B BH)J.Y OT)J.eJibHblX
'l.JleHOB 06IUHOCTH;
2. B e)J.HHCTBeHHOM 'IHCJie, eCJIH o6mHOCTb Mb!CJIHTCH KaK uenoe.

Co6upaTeJILHble 3Ha'lenm1:
audience
rry6mtKa, ay.u11Top11.H
class
KJiacc
committee KOMHTeT
crowd
TOJina
police
noJIHUHH
public
o6IUeCTBeHHOCTb

390

family
government
majority
enemy
staff
team

ceMbH
npaBHTeJihCTBO
60JiblllHHCTBO
Bpar
nepCOHaJI
KOMaH,Ua

385
EXERCISE

Past Perfect
Connect the following sentences with 'because'
(Ex.: Pete booked a flight to Spain. His doctor advised
him to take a holiday. - Pete booked a flight to Spain
because his doctor advised him to take a holiday.)

1. John was worried. His friend sent no letters.

2. Loma tried to ring up Eric. There was an important
letter for him.
3. Sue flew back home. She decided to end her
holiday.
4. They were very amused. The film was funny.

386

A Visit to Balmoral
Lorna and Eric are driving to Scotland for the weekend. They have booked a hotel in Aberdeen and
intend to visit Balmoral
Castle, the Scottish residence of the British sovereign in upper Deeside in
Aberdeenshire. Aberdeen '2::,
itself has been taken over
c
by the oil boom in the last
years as it is the nearest
large port to the North
Sea oilfields.

391

Past Perfect
Coeaw1ume 3mu npeaAoxeHUfl nocpeacmeoM " because" (rrpHMep: IlHT
3a6poHHpoaa.n aBHapeM:c a HcnaHHIO. Ero Bpaq nocoaeToBa.n eMy
B3HTb OTnycK. - IlHT 3a6pottHpOBa.n aBHapeM:c B Hcnamuo, noToMY 'ITO ero Bpaq nocoBeTOBa.JI eMY B3HTb OTIJYCK):

1. John was worried because his friend had sent no letters. 2. Lorna
tried to ring up Eric because there had been an important letter for
him. 3. Sue flew back home because she had decided to end her holiday. 4. They were very amused because the film had been funny.

1. )])KOH 6bIJJ o6ecnoKOeH, IlOTOMY 'ITO ero JJ,pyr He nHCa.Jl eMy.

2. JlopHa IlbJTa.JiaCb J],03BOHHTbCH 3pmcy, IlOTOMY 'ITO eMY npHIWIO
Ba)l(HOe nHCbMO. 3. Cbto BbIJJeTena JJ,OMOH, noToMy 'ITO peunrna 3aKOH'IHTb OTnyCK. 4. 0HH OTJIH'IHO pa3BJieKJIHCb, TIOTOMY 'ITO
cPHJibM 6bIJJ CMellIHOM.

IIocem.eHHe li3JIMopa.Jia
JlopHa H 3pHK eJIYT Ha Maumtte B IIIornattJJ,Hto Ha BbIXOJJ,Hbie. 0HH
3a6pott11p0Ba.JIH rocTHHHUY B A6epJJ,HHe H xornT noceTHTh 3aMOK
n3JIMopan - wornaHJJ,CKyIO pe3HJJ,eHI.(Hto 6pHTaHcKoro MOHapxa
B sepxOBhHX peKH ,l1;11 B A6epJJ,HHnrnpe. CaM A6epJJ,ttH B nocneJJ,HHe
fOJ],bl OXBa'leH ttect>rnHbIM 6YMOM, nOCKOJibKY 3TO 6JIIDKammm KpynHb!H nopT K HecPTHHbIM MecTopo)[()J;eHHHM Ceaepttoro MOpH.

residence ['rezid;:ins]
sovereign ['s:wrin]
upper ['Ap;:i]
oil boom [::>il bu:m]
large [la:d3]
port [p::>:t]
oilfield ['::iilfi:ld]

pe3HJJ,eHJ.J,HH
cyaepeH, Mottapx
BepxHHM
ttect>rntto:H 6YM
o6wHpHbIM, KpynHbIM
nopT
MeCTOpO)[()J;eHtte HecPTH

392

"You can fool some

of the people all of the time,
and all of the people
some of the time, but
you cannot fool all
of the people all of the time. "
Abraham Lincoln

A Whisky Distillery
During their stay in Scotland, Eric and Loma took the
opportunity of visiting a whisky distillery. They were
shown how whisky is
produced and then stored
in casks which used to
contain sherry. These
barrels give whisky its
golden colour, otherwise
it would be clear. Of
course they finished
off their tour with a
wee dram.

393

387
MO)l(HO SCe SpeMH ;zypa'IHTb HeKOTOpblX l1Jll1 HeKOTOpoe speMH JIYpa'IHTb scex, Ho tteJib3H see speWI ;zypa'111Th scex. -AspaaM JI1rnKOJihH (1809-1865), rnecTHa.rmaTurn npe3J1.UeHT Coe.IJ.HHeHHhIX IllTaTOB c 1860 no 1865 rr., 113 pe'IH 1856 r.

Past Perfect Progressive

Past Petfect Progressive o6o3Ha'laeT:
a) .neifCTSHe, KOTOpoe Ha'laJIOCh s onpe.neJieHHhIM MOMeHT speMeHH s npoIIIJIOM Ji( )J,OTIOJIHHTeJibHO TIO,U'lepKHBaeTCH, 'ITO OHO eme
TIPOJ.J.OJDKaJIOCh J.J.O 6oJiee T103JJ:Hero MOMeHTa speMeHH (TalOKe B npollIJIOM): They had been living in New York for many years before they
moved to London in 1975.
6) .neMCTBHe, KOTOpoe Ha'laJIOCb B onpe).l.eJieHHhlM MOMeHT speMeHH B npOIIIJIOM Ji( eme Ml1JIOCb .no 6oJiee fl03,ilHero MOMeHTa, KOfJJ:a Ha':laJIOCh .npyroe .neifcrs11e: He had been waiting/or 20 minutes when

the bus came.

3aBO)J. no npOH3BO)J.CTBY BHCKH

Bo speMH csoero npe6hIBaHH51 s WornaHJJ:HH 3p11K 11 Jloptta socTIOJib30BaJIHCh CJiy'laeM noceTHTb 3aBO)J, no rrpOl13BO)J,CTBY BHCKJ.1. l1M
noKa3aJIH, KaK BHCKH npmt3BO)J,11TC51, a 3aTeM pa3JIHBaeTC51 B 60':1KH, s KOTOpblX xpaHl1JIC51 xepec. 3TH 60':IOHKH npH)J,alOT BHCKH 30JIOTl1CTbIM useT, 11Ha':le OH 6hIJI 6hl rrpo3pa':IHhlM. Kotte':IHO )Ke, ott11
3aKaH':IHBalOT CBOlO 3KCKypCH10, nporryCTHB no fJIOTO':IKY.
whisky ['wiski]
distillery [ dis'tifari]
to take the opportunity
[teik] [,:>p~'tju:niti]
to store [st:>:]
cask [ka:sk]
to contain [k~n'tein]
barrel ['brer~l]
wee [wi:]
dram [ drrem]

BHCKH
BHHOKypeHHhIM 3aso.n
IlOJih30SaTbC51 CJiy'laeM
xpaHHTb
60'IKa
co.nep)!(aTb
60'!Ka,6o'IOHOK
MaJieHbKl1M, KpOXOTHhIM (UIOtrl.!l.)
fJIOTOK CITHpTHOfO

394

EXERCISE

Past Perfect Progressive

Connect the following sentences, using the past
perfect progressive:
1. John was reading in his office. His friend entered.
(when)
2. He was waiting since 10 o'clock. His business
partner did not arrive. (but)
3. They were living in London. They moved out
to the country last year. (before)
4. He was working all day Saturday. His friends
gave him a surprise visit. (when)

390
Shopping
Loma:

I do enjoy wandering around big shops, but it

is also quite exhausting.
Eric:
Let's just have a
look in the basement, I think
they've got some
- new wines in
from France.
Loma: Okay, but afterwards I would
like to stop in the
cafeteria. I'm absolutely famished!
395

389
Past Perfect Progressive
CoeiJuHume npeiJAoJK:eHUR, ucnoAb3YR Past Pelfect Progressive:
I. John had been reading in his office when his friend entered.
2. He had been waiting since 10 o'clock but his business partner did
not arrive.
3. They had been living in London before they moved out to the country last year.
4. He had been working all day Saturday when his friends gave him
a surprise visit.
1. ~OH nna.ri y ce6sr s Ka61rneTe, Kor.ua soll!eJI ero .upyr.
2. Ott )K)la.TI c 10 ':lacos, HO ero .uenosoli napTHep He npHllleJI.
3. 0HH )!(HJIH s JloH,Uotte, noKa He nepeexanH Jaropo.u s npolllJIOM
ro.uy.
4. B cy66ozy OH )')Ke npopa6ornn sech .uetth, Kor.ua K HeMy s rocn1
HeO)l(}f)laHHO npMlllJIH .UPY3hSI.

3a nmcynKaMH
Jloptta:

06mKalO XO,UHTh no 60JihlllHM MaraJHHaM, HO 3TO BCe )l(:e

.uosoJihHO YTOMHTeJihHO.
3p11K: ,nasa:H npOCTO JarJISIHeM B nO.l(BaJI, SI .uyMalO, OHM nony':lHJIH HOBbie BHHa,H3 <l>paHQHH.
Jloptta: 0TJIH':lHO, TOJihKO noTOM MHe 6bI XOTeJIOCh c.ueJiaTh nepe,Ublll!Ky B Ka<t>eTepHM. 51 )')KaCHO nporoJIO.l(a.TlaCb!
to enjoy

[in'd3~i]

exhausting [ig'z~:stiI)]
basement ['beism~nt]
France [fra:ns]
afterwards ['a:ft~w~dz]
cafeteria [,krefi'ti~ri~]
famished ['fremift)

ttacna)K)laThCSI, nonyqaTh
y.uosoJihCTBHe;o6o)l(:aTb
YTOMHTeJihHhIH
fiO.UBa.TlhHhIH 3TIDK, no.usa.ri
<l>paHUIDI
noTOM, nocne
Ka<t>eTepHH
fOJIO,UHhIH, H3fOJIO,UaBIIIHHCSI

396

A Breakdown on the Motorway

Eric:

Loma:

Eric:

I think there's something wrong with the car.

It only seems to be running on three cylinders.
I don't know
~
what that exactly
means, but I
(,,-'1
Cr--'
0
agree that it does
seem to jerk a
bit.
I think we'd
better stop at the
next A.A. phone
and call for help.

Cv

392
EXERCISE - - - - -

lhmslation
Translate the following sentences into English:
1. Tb1 C,ll,emm .llOMaruttioio pa6ory?

2. 3TO 6bUI np11Mep ll06poro COBeTa.

:3. 3TO 6bUia oqeHb Brut<HCUI 1rnopMa1.1,1151 (= OT)leJibHOe
coo6iuett11e) .

4. BcR Me6eJih HOBM.

5. B cR HH<l>opMaU:IDJ 6brna none3HOH.

6. B

HalUH )lHH )leTH He CJI)'llla!OT COBeTOB CBOHX pO,llHTeJieH.

7. MHe He HpaBHTCH 3TOT npe,nMeT Me6eJIH, HO si: no.rry<nrn ero B no,llapoK.

397

IloJIOMKa Ha aBTOCTJ)3,ll.e
3p11K:
JlopHa:
3pHK:

Ll.YMaIO, c Maunrnoii ':lTO-TO He TO. KIDKeTcH, oHa pa60TaeT

Bcero Ha TPex Ul1.IIHH,Lij)ax.
He 3HaJO, ':lTO 3TO BTO':lHOCTH 3Ha':lHT, HOH cornactta, ':lTO
OHa, KroKeTCH, HeMHOfO )1.epraeT.
Ll.YMaJO, HaM JIY':lllle OCTaHOBHTbCH y cne)J.y10mero Tene<PoHa aBapHHHOH CJI}')l(6bl H Bbl3BaTb TIOM01l(b.

breakdown ['breikdaun]
cylinder ['silindg]
exactly [ig'zrektli]
to agree [g'gri:]
to jerk [d3g:k]

TIOJIOMKa
UHJJHH,l1.p
TO':lHO, B TO':lHOCTH
cornamaThCH
ll.BHraTbCH pbIBKaMH

392
Ilepeeo.n;
llepeBeaume npeaJ10J1CeHuJ1 Ha m12!luucKuu R3btK:
1. Have you done your homework?

2. It was a well-meant piece of advice.

3. That was a very useful piece of information.
4. All the furniture is new.
5. All the information was useful.
6. Children don't listen to the'advice of their parents nowadays.
7. [don't like this piece of furniture, but I had it given as a present.

~-----

YfOJIOK 3KCIIEPTA -----~

Glaswegian u Mancunian

Kort1.a Ha3bIBaJOT )f(l1Tenei1 KaKoro-JIH6o ropot1.a, npome Bcero cKa3aTb: a man/ woman from Bournemouth, York, etc. Ot1.HaKo ll.JlH HeKOTOpblX ropO)J.OB eCTb oco6bie cpopMbJ:
Glaswegian [glres'wi:d3gn] = )l(HTeJib fJia3ro, Mancunian
[mreQ'kju:njgn] = )l(}fTeJJb MaH':lecTepa.

398

':4 radical is a man with

bothfeetfirmly planted in the air."
Franklin D. Roosevelt

394

A New Winter Coat

The weather has changed for the worse. It has
suddenly become very cold and Lyn realizes that
she needs to buy a thicker
winter coat. She spends
the whole morning, going
from shop to shop until
she eventually finds a
coat that she likes. It
costs more than she had
planned, but since it is
the only coat that pleases
her she has to pay the
extra sum.
399

393
Pa,uHKaJI - '!eJIOBeK, TBep,ll.0 CTOHll.l,HH B B03,ll.yxe. - <l>paHKJU1H
)],. Py3BenhT (1882- 1945), TP11.UUaTh BTopoH: npe311,UeHT CIIIA, 113
BhICT)'IUieHM no pa,uHO (1939)

no, none
1. No pupil should go to school without homework.
2. I waited no longer than ten minutes.
3. Nobody could show me the way to the museum.
4. Nothing is easier than that.
5. Is there any sugar? - No, there is none.
6. Are there any cigarettes? - No, there are none.
7. None of his friends were at the concert last night.
8. None but the best are allowed to take part in the competition.
No B 3Ha'!eHHH HHKaKOH, HM O,ll.HH HMeeT TOJlhKO a,ubeKTHBHOe
ynQTPe6JieHHe (1). B Hape11Hoi1: cPYffKUHH nepe,ll. cpaBHHTeJlhHOH creneHhJO OHO 03Ha'!aeT He (2). Cy6cTaHTHBHhie <t>opMhI: nobody, no
one (HHKTO; 3); nothing (HH'ITO, Hlf'Iero; 4). None (TOJihKO cy6cT.)
03HaqaeT HHKaKoH:/-a51/-oe, HlfqTo (5, 6) If COOTHOCHTCH c npe,ll.rneCTByJOll.l,HM HJIH, B CO'leTaHHH c of/but, nocJie)],YJOll.l,HM cymecTBlffeJihHhIM (7, 8).

Hoeoe 3HMuee DaJibTO

Tioro,ll.a H3MeHHJiach K xy,ll.IIIeMY. B,ll.pyr O'leHh rroxoJIO,ll.aJio, H JIHH
IIOHHMaeT, 'ITO e:H H)')KHO KynHTh 6oJiee IIJIOTHOe 3HMHee IlaJihTO.
Otta rrpoBO,ll.HT ueJioe YTPO, xo)J.H 113 Mara3HHa B Mara3HH, noKa HaKotteu He HaxO,ll.HT IlaJlhTO, KOTOpoe e:H ttpaBHTCH. Otto CTOHT 60Jihrne, 'IeM OHa paCClJJ1Thrnana, HO IIOCKOJlhKY 3TO e)J,HHCTBeHHOe IlaJihTO, KOTOpoe eH: HpaBHTCH, OHa rOTOBa 3arrnaTHTh 66JlblllyJO CYMMY
coat [kout]
worse [wg:s]
suddenly ['sAdnli]
to spend [spend]
eventually [i'ventjugli]
to please [pli:z]
sum [sAm]

IlaJlhTO
X)')Ke

BHe3antto, B,ll.pyr
TPaTHTh, rrpoBO,ll.HTh (o epe.MeHu)
HaKOHeu, B KOHUe KOHUOB
HpaBHThCH
CYMMa

400

395
EXERCISE
Prepositions
Insert suitable prepositions:
1. He ran up
the goal.
2. The athlete jumped
the rope _ __
five feet six inches.
3. The captain had the difficult task _ _ _
deciding
two equally good players.
4. The boxer's fist flashed
the air.
5. The diver suddenly jumped
the top
board and disappeared
the water.

In the Airport
The holiday is over and Sean, Jill and the children
are at the airport. They see on the flight information
monitor that their flight
~ 0
has been delayed. This
means that they will
~
have to wait at least an- other two hours before
they can check in. They
are not very happy about
this as they had to get
out of bed early, and now
they are tired and hot.

401

395
Ilpe.zirrom
Bcma6bme nooxoORut,Ue npeOAOCU:

1. He ran up to the goal.

2. The athlete jumped over the rope at five feet six inches.
3. The captain had the difficult task of deciding between two equal-

ly good players.
4. The boxer's fist flashed through the air.
5. The diver suddenly jumped from the top board and disappeared
into the water.
I . Ott )l.OCTHT uemt.
2. ArneT nphirHYJI tJepe3 nmuucy Ha mITh <l>YTOB wecTh )J.JOHMOB.
3. ITepe)J. KamnattoM cToH.Jia Tpy)J.HaH 3a)J,atJa - Bhr6paTh O)J.Horo
113 )J.BYX 0)1,J.rnaKOBO xopournx MrpOKOB.
4. KynaK 6oKcepa MeJihKHYJI B B03)1.yXe.
5. HhrpMhll111X BHe3anHo nphrrttyJI c sepxtteM: )J.OCKH 11 CKpbIJICH
B BO)l,e.

396
B a3ponop'fY
0TnycK n03a)J,11, H llloH, .il:)l(J.1JIJI H )l,eTH B a3ponopry. 0HH BH)J,51.T
Ha Ta6no c 1rn<l>opMau11ei1 o BhIJiernx, lJTO 11x peH.c 3a)J.ep)l(J1BaeTcH.
3To 3HalJHT, lJTO 11M HMO )l()J,aTh no KQattHei1 Mepe eme )],Ba qaca,
noKa OHH CMOfYT npOMTH KOHTpOJih. Ott11 He CJl11lllKOM-TO ClJaCTJil1Bhl, TaK KaK npHUIJIOCh paHO BCTaTh, a Tenepb OHH YCTaJIH 11 HM
)Kap KO.
monitor ['m:>nitg]
to delay [di'lei]
to wait [weit]
at least [li:st]
tired ('taigd]
hot [h:>t]

MOHHTOp, Ta6JIO
OTKJla)J,bIBaTh; 3a)J,ep)l(J1BaTb
)1()1,aTb
no KpaiftteM: Mepe
ycTaJihIH
)((apKO

402

397
A Wine Tasting
Tom:
Lyn:

Tom:

Tonight that man is coming around with wine

for us to try.
Betty and Dave
are coming, too,
aren't they?
Yes, Dave wanted
to try some wine.
I'm sure the salesman won't mind,
especially if Dave
orders some wine
from him.

398
EXERCISE

"some" or "any"?
Fill in the appropriate words:
1. Have you__ books? Yes, I have _ _ ./
No, I haven't _ _ .
2. Can I have _ _ tea? No, there isn't _ _ .
-3. _ _ one has stolen the key. Has _ _ one seen
the key?
4. There's _ _ thing I must do first.
5. Do you need to see Mr. Miller about _ _ thing?
6. _ _ thing terrible has happened.
403

,U:erycTall,IUI BHH
ToM:

Jhrn:
ToM:

Cero,u_tui aeY.epoM TOT Y.enoaeK 3aM;:J.eT KHaM c Bl1HOM J1)UI

.u.erycTau1rn.
Eerr11 11 ,[{3HB TO)l(e np11,!1.yr, He TaK 1rn?
,[{a, ,[{3HB XO'reJI npo.u.erycnqxmaTb mrna. YaepeH, 'l.TO rrpo.u.aseu 6y.u.eT He rrpOTB, oco6eHHO ecJI11 ,[{3HB 3aKa)l(eT
y Hero Bl1HO.

wine tasting [wain 'teistil)]

to tiy [trai]
salesman ['seilzm~n]
to mind [maind]
especially [is'pef~li]

D.eryCTaU1151 Bl1H
rrpo6oaaTb; .u.erycT11poaaTb
rrpoD.aaeu
11MeTb 'l.TO-Jl. rrpOTl1B
oco6eHtto

"Some" HJIH "any"?

BcmaBbme noiJxoiJRw,ue CAOBa:

I. Have you any books? Yes, I have some. /No, I haven't any.
2. Can I have some tea? No, there isn't any.
3. Someone has stolen the key. Has anyone seen the key?
4. There's something I must do first.
5. Do you need to see Mr Miller about anything?
6. Something terrible has happened.
I. Y sac ecTb KH11rn? ,[{a, ecTb. /HeT, y MeWI HeT.
2. Mo)l(HO MHe Y.a10? HeT, 'l.<UI HeT.
3. Krn-To YKPaJI KJIJO'l.. KTO-H116yD.h BD.eJI KJIJO'l.?
4. Koe-'lTO Mtte tty)l(HO CD.eJiaTb s rrepayio oY.epeD.b.
5. Te6e tty)l(HO BCTPeT11TbCS1 c M-poM M11JIJ1epoM no KaK0My-n1160
sonpocy?
6. C.Tly'111JIOCb 'l.TO-TO ~acttoe.
404

399

"The most successful politician

is he who says what everybody is thinking
most often and in the loudest voice."
Theodore Roosevelt

In a Book Shop
Tom:
Book-

seller:

Tom:

Book-

seller:

I'm looking for a good dictionary.

We have several over there on the shelves.
Ifyou come with
me, I'll show you
our selection.
It has to be quite
comprehensive,
I need it rather
often for my job.
I'm sure we have
something to suit
you.

405

HaH6onee ycneUIHhIH nOJlHTHK - 'JeJlOBeK, KOTOpblM rosopHT TO,

'ITO see ,eyMaJOT, 'lame scero H rpoM'le scex. - Teo)lop Py3BeJlhT
(1858-1919), )lBa)lI.J,aTh wecTOii npe3H)leHT ClllA

AMepnKaHCKHH aurJIHiicKHii
Ba:>1eHeiiwue pa311U'lWl 8 HanucaHuu no cpaBHeHUJO c 6pumaHC/CUM aHVIUUCKUM:

I. -or BMecTo -our: color, harbor, honor, humor

2. -er BMecTo -re: center, theater
3. -se BMecTO -ce: defense, offense, pretense
4. -ize (-ization) BMecTo -ise (-isation): nationalize, nationalization.
0.nHaKO 3Ta <t>opMa ynOTPe6m1eTCSI H B 6pHTaHCKOM aHrnHHCKOM.
OmrnapHhIH cornaCHhIH BMecTO y)lBOeHHoro: traveling, leveled,
marvelous, kidnaped, wagon
6. dialog BMecrn dialogue, gram, program BMeCTO gramme, programme
(B 6pHTaHCKOM aHrJIHHCKOM Tenepb B03MO:llCHbl o6e <t>opMbl).

5.

400
B KHIDKHOM Mara3HHe
ToM:
CTpo.naseu KHHr:

R HlUY xopowHii cnosapb.

Y Hae ecTb HecKOJlhKO Ha nonKax. Ecm1 Bbl noii-

.neTe co MHOH, SI nOKIDK)' BaM Ham accopTHMeHT.

OH .noJDKeH 6hITh 11.0BOJlhHO o6ruttpHhIM, OH Mtte
)lOBOJlhHO 'laCTO'H)l)KeH )J.J1SI pa60Thl.
CTpo)laseu KHHr: Ysepett, y Hae ttati11.eTcS1 'ITO-H116y)lh )lJlJI sac.

ToM:

dictionary ['dikf:mri]
shelf [felf]
selection [si'lekf~n]
comprehensive
[,bmpri'hensiv]
rather ['ra:o~]
to suit [ sju:t]

CJlOBapb
nom<a
Bb16op, no11.6op
o6urHpHblH
)lOBOJlhHO
fiO)lXO)lHTh

406

EXERCISE

British English or American English?

Decide whether the following words are British or
American English:
dialled
program
offense
neighbor
colour
centre

defence
analyze
traveling
theater
realize
offence

catalog
organize
advertise
behavior
programme
dialogue

402
Packing Parcels

Lyn has some relatives in America. They always

exchange presents at Christmas, and Lyn is wrapping
them up. When she is finished with half of them,
she realizes that she does
not have enough string
and uses sellotape instead.
She still wants to post
them today, since the
date set by the post office
for parcels to foreign
countries is already
passed.
407

401
6pHT3HCKHH 3HfJIHHCKHH
HJIH 3MCpHIC3HCKHH 3HfJIHHCKHii?

Pewume, K 6pumaHCKOMY (BE) U/IU QMepuKaHcKoMy aHCAUUCKOMY (AE)

omHOCRmCR CAeiJy10w,ue CA08a:

dialled
program
offense
neighbor
colour
centre

(BE)
(AE)
(AE)
(AE)
(BE)
(BE)

defence
analyze
traveling
theater
realize
offence

(BE)
(AE)
(AE)
(AE)
(BE/AE)
(BE)

catalog
organize
advertise
behavior
programme
dialogue

(AE)
(BE/AE)
(BE)
(AE)
(BE)
(BE)

~----- YfOJIOK 3KCOEPTA -----~.

CmcpameHlur

B HCTOpWiecKHX reKcrax 'lacro BCTpe'laKYrcH CJie.l(ylOIUMe

COKpameH J1j{:
A.O.= Anno Domini (B nero focno.11.He; P.X., H.3.)
B.C. =before Christ (.no P.X., .no H.3.)

YnaKOBKa nocblJIOK

Y JI HH eCTb po.n.crneHHHKH BAMepHKe. Ha Po)l()lecrno OHH Bcer.n.a

o6MeHHBaIOTCH no.n.apKaMH, H JIHH ceflqac ynaKOBbrnaeT !{){. YnaKoeae noJIOBHH}', OHa nOHHMatrr, 'ITO eli He XBaTHT eepeBKH, H BMeCTO Hee HCilOJib3yeT CKOT'l. Otta XO'leT OTnpaBHTb no.n.apKH eme cero.n.HH, noCKOJibKY .n.aTa, ycTaHOBJieHHaH flO'ITOBbIM Be.UOMCTBOM )J)UI
nOCblJIOK 3a py6e)I(, ~e HCTeKJia.
relative ['rel\:ltiv]
to exchange [iks'tfeind3]
to wrap up [rrep]
string [stril)]
sellotape ['sel\:lteip]
foreign ['farin]

po.11.cTBeHHHK
06MeHHBaTb(CH)
3aBopa'lHBaTb, ynaKOBblBaTb
eepeBKa
KJieHKaH JieHTa, CKOT'l
HHOCTpaHHbrH, 3apy6e)l(HblH

408

403

"/don't make jokes I just watch the government

and report the facts."
Will Rogers

A Christmas Market
There are lots of stalls decorated in tinsel and holly,
selling punch and roasted chestnuts. Other stalls sell
handmade goods such
as woollen scarves and
gloves and wooden toys.
Lyn and Tom buy a glass
of punch to warm themselves up because it's very
cold. Then they walk
around the market and
stop at a pottery stall
where they buy six mugs.

409

51 He wyqy - H npoCTO Ha6mo.ua10 3a npaBHTeJJbCTBOM H C006ll(aIO

<PaKTbI. - YHJ1J1 Po.Ll)Kepc (1879- 1935), aMep11KaHCKHH 10Mop11cT

"So" H "neither/nor"
yrnep,UHTeJibHO ( TO)l(e)

OTp11uaTeJibHO ( TO)l(e He)

I can swim and so can he.

I'll come. - So will Bill.

I can't swim and neither (nor) can he.

I won't come. - Neither will Bill.

She sings and so does he.

She doesn't sing and neither does he.

I knew. - So did Tom.

I didn't know. - Neither did Tom.

3a BhICKa3bIBatt11eM cJie.uyeT yrsepmneJJhHoe .uonoJIHem1e co 3Ha<JeHHeM (OH) TO)l(e, Bb!pa)l(aeMoe KOHCTPYKUI1ett so+ BCflOMOraTeJihHblH rnaroJI + no.uJie)l(amee, a B CJIY<Jae orp11UaHIDI - cooTBeTCTBYJOlUeH KOHCTPYKUI1e11 c neither HJIH nor.
,[(onoJIHeHHe MO)l(eT HCXO.UHTb OT fOBOPHlUefO HJIH .upyroro JIHUa.

404
PoJK,LJ,ecTeeucKHif 6a3ap
Bo MHornx KHOCKax, YKParnettttbIX MHrnypoli 11 ocrpoJI11cToM, npo.uaIOTCH nyHlll H )l(apeHbie KalllTaHbI. B npyrnx KHOCKax npo.uaIOTCH TOBapbl, H3fOTOBJieHHbre BPY'IlfYIO, - TaKHe, KaK rnepCTHHbie rnaptPbI w nep'IaTKH 11 .uepeBHHHbJe wrpyrnKH. Jlwtt w ToM noKYflaJOT no
CTaKatty rryHwa, '1T06hl cqrpeTbCH, ITOTOMY 'ITO OlJeHb XOJIO.UHO. 3aTeM OHM ryIIHJOT no 6a3apy H OCTaHaBJtHBaJOTCH y KHOCKa c KepaMHKOH, r.ue TIOKYflaJOT rueCTb Kpy)l(eK.
tinsel ['tins~l]
holly ['h::>li]
woollen ['wul~n]
scarf [ska:f]
glove [gLw]
pottery ['p::>t~ri]

6JieCTKH, MMrnypa
OCTpOJIHCT
rnepCTHHOH
rnap<P
neptJaTKa
KepaMHKa

mug [mAg]

Kp~a

410

405
EXERCISE

Adverbs
Put the adverb in its place:
1. English people have been interested in politics

(always).
2. This newspaper arranges its pages (well).
3. I read a newspaper before breakfast (usually).
4. He has written a good article (astonishingly).
5. He buys an evening paper (ever, hardly).

406
Home-Made Presents
Pete:
Sue:

Pete:

I think it's a good idea to make some Christmas

presents ourselves this year.
These sauces and
chutneys make ideal
gifts especially as I
have put them in
nice bottles and jars.
I think all our relations will be glad to
receive them. It
makes a change
from socks and
handkerchiefs.
411

405

Ilocmaobme 11ape'tue 11a 11yJ1C11oe Mecmo:

1. English people have always been interested in politics.

2. This newspaper arranges its pages well.

3. I usually read a newspaper before breakfast.
4. He has written an astonishingly good article.
5. He hardly ever buys an evening paper.
1. AHrnHHCKHH ttapo.u Bcer.ua HHTepecoBanCH noJIHTHKOH.
2. Y 3TOH ra3eThl xoporno o>opMJJeHhI cTpaHHUhI.
3. 51 o6hl'!HO 'IHTaJO ra3ery nepe.u 3aBTpaKoM.
4. Ott HanHcan nopa3HTeJihHO y,naqHYJO CTaThJO.
5. Ott no'!TH HHKor.ua He noKYfiaeT BeqepHJOJO ra3ery.

406
IIo,ll,apKH, C,L1,eJ1aHHb1e CBOHMH p)'KaMH
IlHT:
ChJO:

IlHT:

)J,YMalO, 3TO xopornaH H,UeH - c.ueJiaTh B 3TOM ro.uy pO)K.uecTBeHCKHe no.uapKH CBOHMH PYKaMH.
3TH coychI H '!aTHH - H,UeanhHhie no.uapKH, oco6eHHO
IlOCJie Toro, KaK H pa3JIO)l(HJia HX B KpaCHBhle 6YThIJIKH
H 6aHKH.
)J,yMaJO, Bee HaUIH po.ucrneHHHKH 6Y.UYT pa,Uhl HX noJJy'IHTh. 3To BHOCHT pa3H006pa3He, B OTJIWme OT HOCKOB
H HOCOBhlX IlJiaTKOB.

home-made [.houm'meid]

sauce [s:>:s]
chutney ['tfAtni]

caMo.ueJihHhIH, .uoMarnttero
npHrOTOBJieHHH, C)leJiaHHhlH
CBOHMH PYKaMH
coyc
'!aTHH (npRHaJI ocmpaJ1

especially [is'pef;)li]
relation [ ri'Ieif;)n]
handkerchief ['hreok;)tfrl]

oco6etttto
po,UCTBeHHHK
HOCOBOH IlJiaTOK

u11ouucKaJ1 npunpaoa)

412

A Missing Suitcase
Sean:
Jill:

Sean:
Jill:

Have the people from the airport phoned

about our missing suitcase yet?
Yes, they have
found the case
and are delivering
it sometime today.
That's a relief I
thought perhaps it
had been stolen.
What would anyone want with a
suitcasefull of
dirty washing?

"The secret of happiness

is to admire without desiring.
And that is not happiness."
F. H. Bradley

IlponaBuntH 'leMO,ll.3H
illoH:

H 3 a3ponopra )')Ke 3BOHl1Jll1 o ttarueM noTep.HHHOM cieMo,LJ,atte?

.[l.)KHJlJI: ,LI.a, OHH HallIJIH YeMO,LJ,aH H ,ll,OCTaB5IT era cer O,LJ,H.H B TeYeHHe ,ll,H.H.
IlpOCTO ropa c rnreq , JI ,ll,}'MaJI, YTO era MOrJ111 )'KpaCTb.
lllott:
,Ll.)KHJlJI: KoMY H)')KeH YeMo,LJ,aH, noJIHbIH rp.H3HOH o,LJ,e)l(,llbt?
missing ['misiI)]
to deliver [ di'liv~]
relief [ri'li:f]
to steal, stole, stolen
[sti:l] [stoul] ['stoul~n]
dirty ['d~:ti]

nponaBIIDIH
nocTaBJUITb,,ll,OCTaBJI.HTb
o6nerqeHHe
KpaCTb
rp513HblH

408
CeJ<peT ciacTb.H - BOCXHIUaTbC.H, He )l(eJia.H 0611a,LJ,aTh. A 3TO )')Ke
He cciacTbe. - <1>.X. Ep3,ll,J111 ( 1846-1924), attrn11llcKHi1 $11Jiococj:>,
113 Acj:>op113MOB

Few/little - a few/a little

Few people like to work seven days a week. - HeMHorne JIJO,LJ,H 11106m pa6oTaTh ceMh ,LJ,Heii B He,LJ,e1110.
There's little chance of him winning now. - Tenepb y Her o MaJIO ruattCOB Bbll1rpaTb.
I just need a few days to clear up my desk. - MHe tty)l(HO Bcero tteCKOJibKO ,LJ,Heii, lJT06bI np116paTb Ha flHCbMeHHOM CTOJie.
Could 1 have a little milk with my tea? - Mo)l(HO Mtte tteMHoro MOnoKa K qa10?
few(= HeMHorne) 11 a few (ttecKOJlbKO, napa) ynorpe6JUIJOTCH TOJibKO np11 MHO)l(eCTBeHHOM lJl1CJie.
little(= MaJIO) Ha little (HeMHOro, qyTb-lJYfb) ynorpe6Jl5IIOTCH TOJlbKO Toma, KOr,LJ,a peqb H,LJ,eT 06 a6cTpaKTHblX HJIH Hel1ClJl1CJI5IeMbIX
Bemax.

414

EXERCISE
Missing words
1. I knew I had an old grammar book _ _ __
(2oe-mo) in the cellar, but I didn't really have
_ _ _ _ _ ( MH020) time to look for it.
2. I saw
(Kmo-mo) reading a comic on the
underground, and he was obviously having
_ _ _ _ _ (o'-leHbl MH020) fun with it.
3. To my surprise, the book arrived just _ _ _ __
(HecKOflbKo) days later, and it didn't cost _ _ __
(oopo20) either.

410
A Thunderstorm
Sean: Look at that flash of lightning. It's going to be a
real storm tonight.
Jill:
I hope the thunder isn't too loud or else the children will wake up.
Sean: Those two would
sleep through an
earthquake.
Jill:
That's what you
think. Last time there
was a storm I had to
get up in the middle
of the night because
Sam was screaming.
415

409
Ilponym;eHHbie cJiosa
1. I knew I had an old grammar book somewhere in the cellar, but
I didn't really have much/a lot of time to look for it.
2. I saw someone/somebody reading a comic on the underground, and
he was obviously having a lot of fun with it.
3. To my surprise, the book arrived just a few days later, and it didn't
cost much either.
l. JI 3HaJI, 'ITO y MeWI r,ne-To Bno,ll,BaJie 6b1Jm crnpaH rpaMMaTHKa, HO
y MeIDI ,ll,eHCTBHTeJihHO He 6hIJIO MHOfO BpeMeHH Ha ee IlOHCKH.
2. JI BH,ll,eJJ, KaK KTO-TO BMeTPO 'IHTaJJ KOMHKChl H HBHO O'leHb BeceJJHJJCH.
3. K MOeMY y,ll,HBJJeH1110, KH11ra npH6hma cnycrn tteCKOJJhKO ,ll,Heli
H K TOMY :lKe CTOHJJa He,ll,oporo.

JP03a
CMoTpH, KaKaH scnhlUIKa MOJIHHH. Ho'lhlO 6y,ll,eT HacToHlllaH 6ypH.
,Ll,)!(HJJJl: Ha.ueioch, rpoM He 6y,ll,eT CJIHUIKOM rpeMeTh, HHa'le ,ll,eTH
npOCHYTCH.
OHM o6a npocrnn H JeMJieTPHCeHHe.
IlloH:
,Ll,)!(HJJJl: 3To Thi TaK ,ll,yMaeUib. IlpoUIJihlH pa3, KOf,ll,a 6b1Jla 6ypH,
MHe npHlllJlOCh BCTaBaTh cpe,ll,H HO'IH, noTOMY 'ITO C3M
KpWiaJJ.
Illott:

thunderstorm ['9And;)st;,:m]
flash oflightning
[flreJ] ['laitniI.)]
tonight [t;)'nait]
earthquake ['~:ekweik]
middle [midi]

rpo3a
BCilhlUIKa MOJJHHH
cero,ll,HH seqepoM, HO'lhlO
3eMJieTpHCeHHe
cepe,ll,HHa

416

Dinner-Time
Jill:

Sean:
Jill:

Would you open

a bottle of wine,
please?
Are we celebrating something?
No, /just/eel
like having
wine with my
fish.fingers
and chips
tonight.

EXERCISE

Connecting Sentences
Connect the two sentences by using the complex object
with the infinitive (We saw Sean. Sean went to the

office. - We saw Sean go to the office.).

1. She felt her heart. Her heart beat.
2. We ask Jill. Jill arranges it.
3. Mr. Miller expected him. He learns.
4. I want him. He helps me.

14 - Attnw1i1cKaS1 rpaMManiKa wyrn

417

Ja CTOJIOM
,ll,)l(HJIJJ: Ey)l.b )l.o6p, OTKpOH 6YTbVIKY BHHa.
MbI qTO-To rrpaJ)l.HyeM?
llfoH:
~HJIJI: HeT, rrpocTo MHe cero)l.HSI aeqepoM xoqeTCSI BHHa c pb16HhIMH rrarroqKaMH H KapTOci>eJieM-ci>pH.

dinner-time ['din., taim]

to open ['oup.,n]
to celebrate ['selibreit]
fish finger [fif 'fll)g.,]
chips [tjips]

apewr o6ena/~Ha
OTKpbIBaTb
ITpa3tl,HOBaTb
pb16HaS1 rrarroqKa
Kaprnct>eJJb-ci>pH/'IHilCbl

Coe)J.HIUleM npe,L1.11011Ceum1
CoeiJuHume iJea npeiJAo:J1CeH1JJ1, ynompe6AJlJl CAO:JICHOe iJonoAHeHue c UH</JuHumueoM (Mbr a11nem1 llloHa. lllott wen a oct>11c. - Mb1 BH)l.e-

JIH, KaK IIIott H)l.eT a octmc).

l. She felt her heart beat.
2. We ask Jill to arrange it.
3. Mr. Miller expected him to learn.
4. I want him to help me.
l . 0Ha CJibuuarra, KaK y Hee 6beTCSI C'epnu.e.
2. Mb1 rrpocHM ~ 3TO ycTpOHTb.
3. M-p MHJIJiep o)l(H)l.arr OT Hero, qTQ OH 6yt1,eT yqHTbCSI.
4. 51 xoqy, qTo6bI OH MHe ITOMOr.

418

413
EXERCISE
Questions
Make up questions (Laura knows that Sam is coming.
Does Laura know that Sam is coming?):

-+

1. Sean often goes away on business.

2. He tries to hide it from him.
3. We want to see him.
4. I have done something wrong.
5. It should be something special.

414
A Telegramme
The postman has just delivered a telegram me for
you.
Sean: Who on earth still
sends telegrammes
these days?
Jill:
Open the envelope and
see.
Sean: Oh, it'sfrom Uncle
Angus in the Hebrides,
threatening to pay us
a visit soon. You know,
he doesn't have a telephone in his croft.
~

Jill:

419

Bonpocb1
Cocmaebme eonpocbl (Jlopa 3HaeT, 'ITO C3M cetl'Iac npMeT. 3HaeT
JJH Jlopa, 'ITO C3M ceH'!ac npl1)1,eT?):

l. Does Sean often go away on business?

2. Does he try to hlde it from him?

3. Do you want to see him?
4. Have you done anything wrong?
5. Must it be anything special?
I. llioH 'IacTo e3,ll,HT B KOMaH,ll,11.poBKtt?
2. OH ObITaeTCH cKphtTb 3TO OT Hero?
3.

BhI xoTttTe ero BMeTb?

4. Tbt 'ITO-TO c,ll,eJian

He TaK?

5. 3To )1,0JDKHO 6hITb 'ITO-TO oco6eHHoe?

TeJierpaMMa
.LI.)KHJJJl: Oo'ITaJJhOH TOJibKO 'ITO npHHec Te6e TenerpaMMy.
llJoH:
.ll.)i(].iJIJI :

llioH:

H KTo 3TO eme nocbmaeT TeJierpaMMhI B Haum ,ll,HH?

0TKpOH KOHBepT H OOCMOTPH .
0, 3TO OT ,ll,MH Attryca c fe6pl1)1,. OH rp0311TCH BCKOpe HaHecnt HaM BH3HT. Tb! 3HaeUJb, y Hero Ha <PepMe HeT Tene<PoHa.
'

to deliver [ di'liv;}]
envelope ('enviloup]
Angus ('~l)g;}s]

nocTaBJIRTb,)1,0CTaBJIHTb
KOHBepT
Attryc, wom1iaHae1we
MYJICCKoe UMJI

Hebrides ['hebridi:z]
to threaten ['8retn]
to pay s.o. a visit
croft [kr:>ft]

fe6pl1)1,CKJ1e OCTPOBa, fe6pl1)1,b1

fP03HTb(CH)
HaHeCTH BH3HT,
noceTHTb KOrO-JI.
He60JiblllaH KpeCTbHHCKaH
yca,ll,b6a, <PepMa

420

415
EXERCISE

Collective Nouns
Below arefrve groups of three words. Give one word
which describes each group.
(coat, dress, trousers--. clothes)

1. table, chair, bed

2. car, bus, lorry
3. lunch, tea, supper
4. hammer, plane, saw
5. army, navy, airforce

416
Santa Claus
Lyn was in a big department store, and was surprised
to see Santa Claus sitting in a big chair. The children
could go and sit on his
knee and tell him what
they would like for Christ, mas. He promised to do
his best and gave each
child a small present. One
little boy grabbed Santa's
beard and gave it a tug so
that it came off in his
hand. Everyone laughed,
even Santa himself.

421

Co6HpaTeJibHble cymecTBHTeJILHble
HuJICe aaHbl nRmb zpynn U3 mpex CJI06. Hauaume CJI060, ICOmopoe onuCbl6aem 6CIO zpynny.
(na.rrbTO, rmaTbe, 6pIOKH - o,ue)l()l;a)

l. CTOJI, C'fYJI, KpOBaTb furniture (Me6eJib)

2. aBTOM06HJib, aBTo6yc, rpy30BHK transport/vehicles ('rpaHcnopT/TpaHcnopTHbie cpe,ucTBa)

3. o6e,u, qatf, )')KHH meals (np11eM nHIUH)

4. MOJIOTOK, py6aHOK, nHJia tools (HHCTpyMeHTbl)
5. apM1rn, <t>noT, aBHaUIDI armed forces/services (Boop)')KeHHbie
CHJlbl/po,ua BOHCK)
3KCI1EPTA - - - - - - - - - YfOJIOK
Idioms with "word"
at a word
by word of mouth
to have a word to say
too silly for words

O,UHHM CJIOBOM, KOpO'-!e fOBOpH

YCTHO, Ha CJIOBax
HMeTb C006IUHTb 'ITO-TO BlUKHOe
HeBblpa3HMO rnynbIH

416
CaeTa KJiayc
JI1rn 6hma B 6oJibIIIOM yttHBepMare H c ymrnneHHeM ysH,uena CaHTa
Knayca, CH,uHIUero B 60JiblllOM KpeCJie. )l,eTH MOfJIH TIO,UOHTH, ceCTb
K HeMY Ha KOJiemi: H CKa3aTb, 'ITO OHH XOTHT Ha Po)l()l;eCTBO. OH o6eIUa.JI nocTapaTbCH 11 ,uaBan Ka)l()l;OMY pe6em~y tte6orrbIIIOH cyBem1p.
O,u1rn MaJibIIII cXBaTHJI CaHTa Knayca 3a 6opo,uy H ,uepeyn TaK, '-ITO
oHa ornanHJiacb. Bee 3acMeHJIHCb, ,UCl)Ke caM CaHTa Knayc.
Santa Claus ['srent~kb:z]
to surprise [s~'praiz]
to promise ['pr;,mis]
to grab [ grreb]
tug [t:Ag]
to come off [lwn]

CaHTa Knayc
Y.UHBAATbCH
o6emaTh
XBaTaTb
pbIBoK; ,uepraHbe
OTBaJIHTbCH

422

417
Christmas Shopping
f.ric has decided to buy his wife's Christmas presents
arJjer this year. In the past he has left it until the last
minute, usually because
he did not know what to
buy. This year he has
been paying attention to
what his wife said and
made himself a list.
During his lunch break
he wanders through
several shops and soon
comes out loaded with
parcels.

418
"While" and "during"
Fill in the appropriate word:
1. Could you dry the dishes _ __
I'm washing up?
2. The dishes will dry
John's an
' Sue's absence.
3. Pete was packing the suitcases _ __
Sue looked for her passport.
4. John ate two apples
he was standing at
the bus stop.
5. The sun shone
the whole day.
6. Mike didn't write any letters
his holiday.
423


Hu.
CbU

(rra

l. (

2. (
I

3. I
4. 1
5. ;

PolK,ZJ,ecTBencKHe DOKYJIKH
B 3TOM ro)ly 3pHK peunm KyITHTb po)l(.L(ecTBeHCJGte no)lapK11 ceoei1: )!(:eHe rropaHbllle. Tipe)!(:)l.e OH OTKJia)l.bmarr 3TO LJ.O nocJie)l.HeH MHffYTbI, TaK KaK o6bI'IHO He 3HaJI, 'ITO KyITHTb. B 3TOM roLJ.Y OH 06paman BHHMaHHe Ha TO, 'ITO fOBOpHJia )!(:eHa, H COCTaBHJI ce6e CilHCOK. Bo epeMJI o6e)lemwro nepepbrna OH 0TnpaeJIJ1eTcJ1 no
Mara3HHaM H BCKOpe npHXO)lHT, Harp~eHHhIH IIaKeTaMH.
to decide [ di'said]
present ['preznt]
usually [Ju:3U"li]
to pay attention
[pei "'tenf"n]
loaded ['loudid]
parcel ['pa:sl]

pernaTb
rro)lapoK
06bl'JHO
o6paw;aTb BHHMaHHe
Harp~eHHblM

rraKeT

"While" u "during"
BcmaBbme HeiJocmmow,ee CJIOBO:

JI

K
u

C
o

1. Could you dry the dishes while I'm washing up?

2. The dishes will dry during John's and Sue's absence.
3. Pete was packing the suitcases while Sue looked for her
passport.

4. John ate two apples while he was standing at the bus stop.

5. The sun shone during the whole day.

6. Mike didn't write any letters during his holiday.
1. TbI MO)!(:ellih BbITHpaTb rapeJIKH, rroKa si MOIO rrocyLJ.Y? 2. Tiocy)la BbICOXHeT 3a epeMSI OTCYTCTBHSI ,lhi<oHa H CbIO. 3. TIHT co611pan
'IeMo)laHbI, B TO BpeMSI KaK CbIO HCKaJia ceoi1: nacnopr. 4. ,lhi<oH CbeJI
)lBa si6JIOKa, noKa CTOSIJI Ha aBTo6ycHOH OCTaHOBKe. 5. CoJIHUe CBeTHJIO ueJiblM )leHb. 6. Mai1:K He ITHCaJI m1.ceM BO BpeMJI OTrrycKa.

424

419
Christmas Greetings
Lyn:
Tom:
Lyn:

Tom:

Do you realize that I have signed and addressed over sixty Christmas cards? You could
have helped me.
Why do you send
so many?
I have to send
a card to everyone who sends us
one.
It's good business
for the Post Office
and the card industry, isn't it?

EXERCISE
Interrogatives
Fill in the right interrogatives in the questions below
(when, how much, whom, why, who, what, which,
how, whose, where):
_ _ __..___ colour is her handbag?
did
did you buy
you see? (I saw Eric.) For
all these cakes?
handbag do you want?
_____ pen is this? (It's Lorna's.) _ _ _ __
sugar do you want?
does Peter come
home from work?
does John go every
evening?
old is Betty?
does
John live with his parents?
425

419
Po:HmecTBeucKHe no3,ll,paBJieuHH
Jbrn:
ToM:
JIHtt:
ToM:

Tb1 noHHMaellll>, 'ITO H no.zum:carra H OTnpamwa 6onbwe

rneCTH.lleCHTH po)!(,!leCTBeHCKHX OTKpbITOK? Thi Mor 6b1 MHe
noMO'lb.
A Ja'leM Thi rrocbmaernb TaK MHoro?
MHe npHXO.llJffCH rrocbmaTb OTKPhITJ<Y Ka)!(,!lOMY, KTO np11CbmaeT ttaM.
Xopornlffi: 6113Hec .u;rn IIO'iTOBoro Be.lloMcrna 11 npo113BO.llHTene:i1: OTKpblTOK, He TaK JIH?

greeting ['gri:til)]
to realize ['ri~laiz]
to sign [sain]
to address [~'dres]
industry ['ind~stri]

npHBe~ n03.llpaBJieHHe
nOHHMaTb
IlO.llIIHCblBaTb
aapecoaaTh, HarrpaBJIJITh
HHJlYCTPHJI, npOH3BO.llCTBO

420
BonpocHTeJibHbie cJioea
Bcmaebme Heaocma10w,ee CJ1oeo:

What colour is her handbag? Who(m) didyou see? (I saw Eric.) For
whom did you buy all these cakes? Which handbag do you want? Whose
pen is this? (It's Lorna's.) How much sugar do you want? When does
Peter come home from work? Where does John go every evening? How
old is Betty? Why does John live with his parents?
KaKoro ~Bern ee CYMO'iKa? Koro Thi BH.lleJI? (51 BH.lleJI 3p11Ka.) ,ll.JIH
Korn Thi KYIIHJI Bce 3TH IIHpmKHbie? KaJ<YIO / KoTOpy10 CYMO'iKy Bbl
xornTe? lJbH 3TO pyqKa? (JiopHbL) CKOJihKO caxapa Bbl xoTme? Kor.Ila Ilmep B03Bpa111aeTcH .llOMOH c pa60Th1? Ky.lla ,lhtcoH XO.llHT K(l)[(.llbIB Be'lep? CKOJihKO neT Eerr11? Ilo'leMY ,[QKoH )ICHBeT y CBOHX po;:r11Tene:i1:?

426

Mistletoe
At Christmas, holly and mistletoe are hung around
the house to give it a festive touch. When a man and
a woman meet under the
mistletoe, they have to
give each other a kiss.
Mistletoe itself is a parasite plant with whitish
sticky berries which grows
on trees. In ancient times,
it was venerated by the
Druids when it was found
growing on oak trees.

EXERCISE
lhmslation
Translate the following sentences into English, paying
attention to the position of the preposition:
I. 0 '-1.eM ThJ rOBOpHllib?
2. Oncy.u.a y Bae 3Ta KapTHHa?
3. 3aY.eM Thi MHe 3BOHHJI?
4. Ky.u.a H)J.yT Bee 3TH JI10.u.11?
5. qero JK,UeT Cb10?
6. 0 qeM BC$1 3Ta HCTOp11$1?
7. KaK Ha3bIBaeTcH 3TOT Han11ToK?

427

Ha Po)l(JleCTBO B.uoMe pa.3BelllHBaIOT OCTpOJIBCT HoMeny, 'ff06hI npH.uaTh eMy npa3.UHH'fHhrn BH.u. Kor.ua M"Y)K'lH.Ha H )l(eHll.\HHa BCTpe'-IaJOTC.SI no.u OMenofl, HM nonaraeTC.SI 06MeH.S1ThC.S1 nou.enyeM. CaMa
OMeJia - pacTeHHe-napa.3HT c 6eJIOBaTbIMH KJleHKHMH .SlfO.UaMH, KOTOpoe pacreT Ha .uepeBM1x. B .upeBHHe BpeMeHa oHa no'-IHTanach .upyH.uaMH, eCJIH ee HaxO.UHJIH paCTYll.\eH Ha .uy6e.
mistletoe ['misltou]
holly ['h:>li]
festive ['festiv]
whitish ['waitij]
sticky ['stiki]
ancient ['einJ~nt]
to venerate ['ven~reit]
Druid ['dru:id]

oMeJia
OCTpOJIHCT
npa3.UHH'IHhlH
6eJIOBaTbIH
KJleHKHH
,upeBHlIB
IlO'-IHTaTb, fiOKJlOHHThC.SI
.UPYH.u

Ilepeso)I.
l lepeeeaume C11eay101J.4ue npeaAo:>K:eHUR Ha a11Z11uuc1euu .R3blK, o6pa1J.40Jl
8HUMOHUe HO no3Ul(UIO npeaAoca:

l. What are you talking about?

2. Where did you get this picture from?
3. What did you telephone me for?
4. Where are all these people going to?
5. What is Sue waiting for?
6. What is this story all about?
7. What is the name of this drink?
~------

AJUI 3HATOKOB - - - - - - - - - .

Mutton Dressed as Lamb

Kor.ua no)l(HJiaH )l(emu.HHa o.ueBaeTC.SI Hapo'IHTo MOJio.uo H MO.UHO,
'-!acTo CJihilllaT JaMe'laHHe: "She looks like mutton dressed as lamb",
'-ITO MO)l(HO nepeBeCTH KaK Otta BhITJI.Slll:HT KaK OBU.a, O.UeTaH no.u
MHeHKa (to dress = o.ueBaThC.SI, HO TaK)l(e: npHnpaBJI.S1Th 6nJO.ua).

428

The First Snow

When Tom and Lyn woke up, they found that it had
snowed heavily that night. To get to their garage,
Tom had to shovel lots
of snow to the side. The
trouble was that his shovel
was in the garage. He had
to put on Wellingtons and
make his way through the
snowdrifts. When he got
to the garage, he found that
.
.'
he had forgotten the key.
-

EXERCISE

Have something done

Rewrite the sentences with the above construction:
1. He will ask (Telecom) to install a telephone.
2. I asked (the boy) to catch a fish for dinner.
3. We were going to ask (the boy next door) to tidy
the garage.
4. We must ask (somebody) to repair the roof.
5. He asked (a decorator) to paint the living-room.

429

Ilepsbm cuer
Kor.na TOM 11 nirn npOCizyIDICh, OHM 06Hapyxwm, 'ITO HO'lhlO 6hIJI
Cl1JlbHhIM cHeronau. qT06hl nonacTb B rapIDK, ToMy lzy)l(HO nonaTOM pa3rpe6aTh J<Y'IM CHera. Ilpo6JieMa B TOM, 'ITO JionaTa 6hIJia
B rapIDKe. EMy rrpMllIJIOCb o6yrh pe3MHOBhie canom MnpoKJia,ubIBaTh ce6e nyrh qepe3 cyrpo6b1. Kor.na OH .no6panrn .no rapaxa, OH
o6Hapyx11JI, 'ITO 3a6bIJI KJllO'l.
to wake up [weik]
to snow [snou]
to shovel [jAvl]
Wellington ['welil)t~n]
snowdrift ['snoudrift]
to forget [fa'get]

npochmaThCH
HJJ.TM, nauaTh (o cHeze)
crpe6aTh JIOilaTOM
pe3HHOBhIH canor
cyrpo6
3a6hIBaTh

424
Have something done
llpeo6pa3yume npeoJ10:>1CeHuJ1nocpeocmeoM1e0Hcmpy1eu,uu,
OaHHOU 6b/lUe:

I. He will have a telephone installed.

2. I had a fish caught for dinner.
3. We were going to have the garage tidied.
4. We must have the roof repaired.

5. He had the living-room painted.

1. EMY ycTaHOBHT Tenect>ott.
2. Mtte noM:MaJIM pb16y Ha o6e.n.
3. MhI xoTeJIM, 'IT06b1 ttaM y6panM rapIDK.
4. Hyxtto 6y.neT, 'IT06bI HaM no'IMHIDIM KphIIIIy.

5. EMy noiqJaCMJIM rocTMHyIO.

430

Going by Train
Tom: Shall we leave the car in the garage today and

take the train into the city?

We always have
a lot of trouble
finding a parking
space, and when
we do, it costs the
earth.
Tom: A train stops at our
station every twenty
minutes. We can
make it, ifyou're
ready now.
Lyn:

426
EXERCISE

Participle Constructions
Shorten the sentences by participle constructions
(e.g. medicine which is taken ... - medicine taken . ..):
1. Roast beef tastes very good, particularly when it is
eaten with vegetables and gravy.
' 2. Lamb cutlets make a delicious dish when they are
served with spring peas.
3. English puddings taste best when they are eaten
warm.
4. The cream cheeses which are made in various parts
of the country are very famous.

431

425
Ha noeJ,lJ,e
ToM:

JI1rn:
ToM:

nocn IBHM cero,a.iui: Maunrny B rap(l)!( H rroe.lleM B ropo,n;

Ha rroe3,lle?
Y Hae Bcema K)"!a rrpo6JieM c napKOBKOH, a Kor,Ua MhI ee
HaxO,UHM, OHa CTOHT HeBeCTh CKOJihKO.
noe3,n;a OCTaHaBJIHBaIOTC.s! Ha Hame:H CTaHl(HH K(l)!(Jlhle
,n;Ba,Ul~aTh MHH)'T. MhI MO)l(eM ycrreTh, ecJIH Thi roToBa.

to leave [li:v]
trouble [ 'trAbl]
parking space ['pa:kil) speis]
to cost the earth
to make it [meik]

OCTaBJI.sITh
rrpo6JieMa
napKOBKa
CTOHTh O'IeHh ,Uoporo
CJleJiaTh, ycneTh

IlplfllaCTHLie KOHCTpyxI.UIH

C01cpamume npedAOJICeHUJl npu noMo~u npu'tacmHblX /COHcmpyKu,uii (Hanp.:

AeKapcmBo, Komopoe npuHUMa10m... ~ AeKapcmBo, npuHUMaeMoe.. .):

1. Roast beef tastes very good, particularly when eaten with vegetables and gravy.

2. Lamb cutlets make a delicious dish when served with spring peas.
3. English puddings taste best when eaten warm.
4. The cream cheeses made in various parts of the country are very
famous.

l . PocT6mt> otJeHh BKYCHhIH, oco6eHHO ecJIH era ecTh c oBomaMH

H IIO,UJIHBKOH.

2. 0T6HBHhie H3 .sirtteHKa - neJIHKaTeCHOe 6JIIO,UO, KOf,Ua HX no,llaIOT c MOJIO,UhIM ropOlllKOM.

3. AHrJIHHCKHe IIYJlHHrH BK)'CHee Bcero, KOr,lla HX e,ll.sIT TeIIJihIMH.

4. CJIHBO'IHhie ChiphI, rrpoH3Be,lleHHhie B pa3HhIX qacnix cTpaHhI,
lllHpOKO H3BeCTHhl.

432

427
Teatime
The hotel where Tom and Lyn are spending a short
skiing holiday puts on a large tea and coffee buffet
every afternoon. The
tables are heaped with
cream cakes, home-baked
scones and sandwiches
with smoked salmon and
cold meats. Most of the
skiers are very hungry,
and very little remains of
the food after they have
all helped themselves.

EXERCISE - - - - -

Translation
Translate the following sentences into English:
1.

TOM pa,n:OBaJICH, qrn y Hero CKOPO 6y,LJ,eT HOBM Mauurna.

2. Jhrn HeCKOJibKO JieT HHTepecoBarracb PHCOBaHHeM.

3. Otta 6ecrroKoHJiaCb, qTo BO BpeMH OTnycKa KOlllKa
OCTarracb 6e3 rrpHCMOTPa.

4.

Ott HaCTaHBarr tta TOM, qTo6bI pa6oTa 6b1Jla c,LJ,eJiatta

cero,LJ,HH.

5. Otta 6bJJia rop,LJ,a TeM , qrn ee

433

noBbICHJIH B ,LJ,OJDKHOCTH.

focnrnHQa, B KOTOpOH TOM H JlHH npOBOMT KpaTKHH OTnyCK c KaTaHHeM Ha JlhDKaX, ~ill: .n.eHh ycl'paHBaeT 6oJihllIOH qaif.HMH:
11 Ko<j:>eif.Hbill: <j:>ypUieT. CTOJibI JaCTaBJieHhI nHpmKHhIMH c KpeMoM,
,ll.OMaUIHHMH 6yJIO'II<aMH, 6yrep6po.n.aMH c KOil'IeHbIM JIOCOCeM H xoJIO,ll.HblM M51COM. EoJihUIHHCTBO JihDKHHKOB otJeHh roJIO.ll.Hhie, 11 nocne Toro KaK see OHM noe)J.HT, e.n.hI ocTaeTCSI otJeHh Mano.
buffet ['bufei]
to heap [hi:p]
cream cake ['kri:m keik]
home-baked ['houmbeikt]
scone [sbn]
smoked salmon
[smoukt 'srem;)n]
to remain [ri'mein]

6y<j:>eT, <j:>ypUieT
HaKpbIBaTb
nHpO)l(}{Oe c KpeMOM
,ll.OMaUIHHH (o 6blne<tKe)
6yJIO'IKa
KOil'IeHbIH JIOCOCb
OCTaBaTbCSI

Ilepeeo)J,
flepeoeiJume CJ1eiJy10ut,ue npeiJ110:>1eeHUR Ha aHZJ1uucKuu Jl3blK:

I . Tom was looking foiward to having a new car soon.

2. Lyn had been interested in painting for several years.
3. She was worried about leaving the cat on its own during
the holiday.
4. He insisted on having the work done today.
5. She was proud of having been promoted.

~-----

YrOJIOK 3KCI1EPTA - - - - - - - ,
.II,aTa

fluwemcR

IJpOU3HOCUmCR

2 November(,) 1986
2nd November(,) 1986
November 2, 1986
November 2nd, 1986

the second of November

nineteen eighty-six
November the second
nineteen eighty-six

'---~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

434

429
EXERCISE
Prepositions
Fill in the correct prepositions:
1. They must be corrected _ _ three o'clock.
(by, on, to)
2. He only had sandwiches _ _ lunch. (by, for, on)
3. Would you like me to look _ _ the baby?
(after, over, through)
4. Do not blame me _ _ this mistake. (at, for, with)
5. He does not want to go _ _ bus. (by, on, with)

430

Television
Sean:

Jill:
Sean:

I'll have to retune all the channels on the television and I can't.find the instruction manual.
It's not that difficult to retune a
T. V., is it?
That's what I
thought until
I tried. Each time
I change channels,
all the ones I had
already tuned in
are gone.

435

429
Ilpe)J,JIOl'H

Bcmabme HYJK:Hble npeo110zu:

I. They must be corrected by three o'clock.

2. He only had sandwiches for lunch.
3. Would you like me to look after the baby?
4. Do not blame me for this mistake.
5. He does not want to go by bus.
1. 11x H)')ICHO 11cnpaBHTb KTPeM qacaM.
2. y Hero Ha o6e.u 6bIJil1 TOJlbKO 6YTep6pO,Ubl.
3. Bbl 6bI xoTeJm, 'IT06h1 SI npHCMOTPeJia 3a pe6eHKOM?
4. He BHHH MeIDI Ja 3TY OlllH6KY.
5. OH He xo'leT exaTh Ha aBTo6yce.

~----- YfOilOK 3KCilEPTA -----~ .

CoKpameuHJ1 cJioB B aurnnitcKOM S3LJKe

photo (photograph), exam (examination), mike (mkrophone),

pram (perambulator), phone (telephone), plane (aeroplane)

lllott:
~:

lllott:

Mtte np11J1.eTcS1 JaHoBo HacTpoHTb y TeJJeBH3opa Bee KaHaJibI, a SI He Mory HaHTl1 11HCTPYKUHIO.
3To )l(e He TaK TPY.UHO - JaHoBo HaCTPOHTb TeJieBH3op,
Be,Ub TaK?
11 SI TaK AYMaJI, noKa He nonhITaJICSI. KroK,11.hii1 pa3, KaK
SI nepeKJJJO'lalO Kattan , BCe Te, KOTOpbie SI ~e HaCTPOHJJ,
npona.na10T.

to retone [ri'tju:n]
channel ['tJrenl]
instruction manual
[in'strAkf;m'mrenju;)l]
difficult ['difJk;)lt]
to change channels

3aHOBO HaCTPaHBaTb
nporpaMMa, Kattan
HHCTPYKUHH no no11bJOBatt1110
TPYAHbIH
nepeKJIJO'laTb Kattan

436

431
EXERCISE

"How to" - "What to"

Make up sentences. Example: Sean likes books.
(play golf) - Sean likes books on how to play golf.

1. They did not know. (find a house)

2. Tom did not know. (What should he do?)
3. She told him. (arrange the furniture)
4. Jill did not know. (What should she read?)
5. They asked themselves. (get books)

A Weekend with Friends

Jill:
Sean:

Jill:

Frank and Jean have invited us for the weekend.

Normally I'd jump
at the offer of staying in the country,
but there's still so
much to do here.
It would probably
be a good idea to
get away from it
all for a couple of
days and relax.

437

"How to" - "What to"

Cocmaebme npeiJ110J1CeHUJ1. IlpUMep: UloH 11106um KHuzu (uzpamb
e co11b<jJ) ~ UloH 11106um KHuzu o moM, KaK uzpamb e co11b<jJ.

1. They did not know how to find a house.

2. Tom did not know what to do.
3. She told him how to arrange the furniture.
4. Jill did not know what to read.
5. They asked themselves how to get books.
I. Omr He 3Ha.JIH, KaK HM ttaifTH ,uoM.
2. ToM He 3Ha.JI, qTO .n.enaTb.

3. Otta cKaJarra eMY, KaK paccrnBHTb Me6eJib.

4. )J,)1(11JIJI He 3Harra, qTo noqHTaTb.

5. 0HH" crrpaIIIHBa.JIH" cefor, KaK )J.OCTaTb KHHrn .

BLIXO,ll,Hhie c .ll.PY3MIMH

)J,)1(11JIJI: <l>p3HK M)],)trnH npwrnaCHJIM Hae Ha BbIXO,UHbie.

06bI"'IHO H c pa,uocTbIO rrpHHMaIO npeMO)l(eHHe rro6hlTb
illOH:
B .n.epeBHe, HO 3,UeCb eme TaK MHOfO ,ueJI.
A MO)l(eT 6bITb, 3TO xop'ornaH H)J.eH - y.n.arrMThCH OT scero
Ha napy ,UHeH M OT,UOXHYTb.
normally ['no:m~li]
to jump at sth [ d3Afllp]
offer ['ofa]
still [still
probably ['prob~bli]
couple [kApl]

HOpMa.JibHO, 06bl"'IHO
yxBaTbIBaTbCH (3a KaKyl0-11.
603MOJICHOCmb u m.n.)
npe)J.JIO)l(eHMe
(Bee) eme
BepO.SITHO, MO)l(eT 6bITb
napa

438

433
EXERCISE
Question Tags
Fill in the correct question tag. Example:
He can't read. __. He can't read, can he?

1. He was here,

2. She won't come,

3. I'll do what I want,

4. We came home early,

5. They didn't see us,

434
A Dent
Sean went out to his car this morning and discovered
that it had been the victim of a hit-and-run driver
again. There was a large
dent on the front wing and
scrapes along the whole
side! Sean was furious
and immediately phoned
the police. The police
officer was very understanding but told Sean
that there was not a lot
they could do.

439

Pa3,ll.CJIHTCJibHbie sonpocb1

BcmaBbme HYJK:HYIO BonpocumeJ1bHy10 <}JopMyAy. llpUMep:

OH He yMeem 1tumamb. ~ OH He yMeem 1tumamb, npaBaa ?

l. He was here, wasn't be?

2. She won't come, will she?
3. I'll do what I want, won't I?
4. We came home early, didn't we?
5. They didn't see us, did they?
l. OH 6hm 3JleCh, He TaK JIM?
2. Otta He npH,/J,eT, ,lJ,a?
3. 51 6yey ,lJ,eJiaTh, no xoqy, aepHo?

4. Mhl npmwrn JlOMOH paHo, He TaK m1?

5. 0HH Hae He BH,/J,eJIH, He TaK JIM?
~----- YrOJIOK 3KCilEPTA -----~
CJIOBOCJIOlKeeue
smog (smoke +fog), motel (motor+ hotel), transceiver
(transmitter + receiver)

434
BMHTnua

llloH BhlUieJI cero)J,HJI yTpOM K CBOeH MaUIHHe H 06Hap}')KJUI, '!TO

OHa ornlTb CTaJia )l(epTBOH CTOJIKHOBemrn, npH KOTOPOM BO,lJ,MTeJib
CKPhIJICH. Ha nepe)J,HeM Kpbme,6bIJia 60JihUICUI BMHTMHa, a no aceMY 6oKY - u.apanHHhl. llloH 6hIJI a HpOCTH H HeMe)J,JleHHO no3aoHHJI B TIOJIHU.HIO. IlOJIHU.eikKMH BeCbMa CO'l)'BCTBOBaJI, HO CKa3aJI
lllotty, '!TO OHM BPM JIH CMOryr eM)' 'leM-JIM60 IlOMO'lb.
dent [dent]
victim ['viktim]
hit-and-run [hit :md 'rAn]

BMHTMHa
)l(eprna
BMHOBHMK CTOJIKHOBeHMH
CKpbIJICH
wing [win]
KpbIJIO
scrape [skreip]
u.apanHHa
furious ['fju;:>ri;:>s]
HpOCTHbIH
understanding [,And;:>'strendil)] CO'IYBCTBYJOW:HH

440

435
The Theatre Royal
The Theatre Royal ih London is located on a street
which is named after a family who had a large house
there in Tudor times. The building was converted
into a theatre during the reign of James I. It was
rebuilt by T. Killigrew and again by Sir Christopher
Wren in 1674. In the 19th century it was the great
house for Christmas Pantomime. After the Second
World War many successful American musicals were
staged there including Oklahoma (1947) and South
Pacific (1951).
What is the name of the street?

436
- - - - - EXERCISE

Participles
Example: The sandwiches were delicious. They had
beeQ. made by Jill....... The sandwiches (having been)
made by Jill were delicious.
1. People will come. They ask strange questions.
2. I think I hear Laura. Laura is coming home.
3. There are one or two weeds. They grow here.
4. He had done his work. He went home.
5. Mr. Smith had written a book. He wanted it to be
printed.

441

TeaTp Poii.RJI
TeaTP PoIDul sJlOHllOHe ttaxo.l(HTCH Ha ym1ue, HaJBaHHOM no 11MeH11 ceMbH, y KOTopolt so speMeHa TIO,nopos TaM 6hUI 6oJibIUOH .UOM.
3.nattHe 6bUIO npespametto s TeaTP npH KopoJie 51Kose I. Otto 6bIJIO nepecT{loetto T. KHmrnrpy, a 3areM C3poM KpHcTOcpepoM PeHOM
s 1674 r. B XIX s. OHO 6bUIO rnasHbIM noMemeHHeM ,UJI5I .neTCKHX
pmK.n:ecTBeHCKHX npe,UCTaBJieHHH. nocJie BTopoMMl1POBOH BOHHbl
TaM 6bIJU1 noCTaBJieHhl MHOrne nonyAApHbie aMepHKaHCKl1e MI0311KJibl, B lfHCJie KOTOpbIX 0KJiaxOMa (1947) 11 THXHH OKeaH
(1951). KaK Ha3bIBaeTcsi 3Ta y1mua?

Drury Lane
AJ>ypH-JI3IDI

436
Ilp1111acnm
IlpuMep: Eyrep6po,nb1 6bIJIH OlJeHb BKYCHbie. Hx np11roTOBHJia
)l)l(HJIJI. - Eyrep6po,nb1, np11TOTOBJieHHhie )l)l(HJIJI, 6hIJIH
OlJeHb BKYCHbIMH .

1. People will come asking strange questions.

2. I think I hear Laura coming home.

3. There are one or two weeds growing here.
4. Having done his work he went home.
5. Having written a book Mr. Smith wanted it to be printed.
I. Ilp11,UyT JIIO,UH, KOTOpbie 6y.nyr 3a,nasaTb CT{laHHbie sonpOCbl.
2. .llYMaIO, SI CJibIIIIY, lfTO Jlopa n.neT ,UOMOH.
3. TaM pacTyr O.UHH-,nsa copttHKa.
4. C,neJiaB CBOIO pa6ory, OH noweJI ,UOMOM.
5. Ham1cas KH11ry, M-p CMHT xoTeJI, lfT06bI ee ttanelfaTaJIH.

442

In the Museum
Sean:
Jill:

Sean:

EXERCISE - - - - -

Translation
Translate the following sentences into English:

r. TBOH eee'fl)a HaMHOfO Kpae1rnee Te6H.

2. 51 He TaK r.rryrr,

KaK KIDKeTeH .

3. l.JeM eTaprne OHa eTaHOBHTeH, TeM JiylJ:rne Bhffllil)l.HT.

4. 1:1eM )lOpO)l(e npHqeeKa, TeM eMeXOTBOpHee OH BblrJIH)lHT.

5. Thr Bee noJIHeernh H noJIHeelllh.

6. .UeJIO eTaHOBHJIOeb Bee HHTepeeHee.
7.

Kpytt3 6hIJI Mettee YTOMHTeJibHhIM, qeM H O)l(l{)laJI.

443

B My3ee
llioH:
~:

llloH:

JI pa,u, "!TO HaM Y.U.aJIOCb HaHTH BpeMR. CXO)J.HTb cero,u.HR.

Ha 3TY BblCTaBlcy.
51.u.yMa.na, "!TO Te6e 3TO 6y,u.eT HHTepeCHO. JlY"!Uie npHXO)J.HTb B cepe,u.HHe He,u.e1rn. B BhIXO.U.Hbie smHo 6y,u.eT ropa3.u.o O)l(}IBJleHHee.
Ll:YMaJO, cej{qac H )')Ke .U.OCTaTO'iHO ysH,u.eJI. IloH,u.eM B Ka<l>e Ha 'iaWKY 'iaH H fAAHeM Ha KaTaJIOr.

to manage ['mrenid3)
exhibition [,eksi'bif:m]
busy ['bizi]
cafeteria [,krefi'ti::lri<l]
catalogue ['kret::lbg]

cnpaBJ151.TbcH ;y.u.asaTbCH
BbICTaBKa
3aHHTOH; O)!(HBJieHHblH
Ka<l>eTepHii, Ka<l>e
KaTaJior

Ilepeso)J,
IlepeeeiJume CJ1eiJy10w,ue npeiJ110J1CeHUJ1 Ha aH211uuc1euu R3blK:

1. Your sister is much prettier than you.

2. I'm not as stupid as I look.
3. The older she gets, the better she looks.
4. The more expensive the hairdo, the more ridiculous he looks.
5. You're getting fatter and fatter.
6. Things were getting more an'd more interesting.
7. The cruise was less tiring than I had expected.

~-----

YfOJIOK 3KCIIEPTA -----~

"leM npH cpaBHHTeJibHOH CTeneHH = than

TaK ... KaK = as ... as
'ieM ... TeM = the+ cpaBHHTeJibHaR. CTeneHb ... the+ cpasHHTeJibHaH CTeneHb
Bee -ee =-er and -er/more and more ...
MeHee + npHJiaraTeJihHOe = less + npHJ1araTeJibttoe

444

439
A Historical Period
Before 1750, Britain was largely made up of many
farming communities. Between 1750 and 1850 society
experienced drastic changes. It began with the mechanization in the textile industry and extended into
mining and transport. New large industrial cities
sprang up such as Birmingham, Glasgow and Newcastle. The factory owners became incredibly rich.
The effects of these changes made Britain the richest
country in the world right up until the 20th century.
What is this period called?

440

''Nothing puzzles me
more than time and space;
and yet nothing troubles me less,
as I never think about them. "
Charles Lamb

439
Hcrop1111ecKHii nepHO.LJ.
)lo 1750 r. BpHTaHIDI eoeTOIDia rnaBHhIM o6pa30M H3 MHO:lKeeTBa
<PepMepeKHX o6IUHH. Me)l(,lzy 1750 11 1850 rr. o6meeTBo rrepe)l(J1Jlo
KpYfbie rrepeMem1. Bee Haqa.nocb e MexaHH3aI..(ID1 TeKCTHJibHOR rrpoMhilllJleHHOCTH, a 3aTeM paerrpocrpaIDUioeb Ha ropttoe )J.eJio 11 TpaHerropT. Bo3Hl1KJIH HOBbie KpYfIHbie npoMbilllJleHHbie ropo)J.a - TaKHe
KaK B11pM11HreM, fJia3ro 11 Hb10Kaen. Bna.aeJibUbI <Pa6p11K HeBepoHTHO pa36oraTeJIH. Cne)J.CTBIDI 3THX nepeMeH npeapaTHJIH Bem:1Ko6p11Tamuo B 6orareihuyio eTpatty Ml1pa, KaKOR OHa 11 oeTaBaJiaeb
BTIJIOTb )J.O XX B. KaK Ha3bIBaeTeH. 3TOT rrep11o)J.?

Industrial Revolution
npoMhUIIJieHHIDI peBOJI10UIDI

H11'ITO He 03a.llalJl1BaeT MeHH 60JibJJJe, tJeM BpeMH. 11 npoeTpaHeTBo; 11 Bee )Ke HffqTO He 6eenoKOl1T MeHH. MeHbWe, TaK KaK H Hl1KOf)J.a 0 HHX He )J.yMaJO. - 1-lapJib3 Jl3M (1775-1834), aHrn11i1eKHi1 no3T 11 JIHTepaTYPHbIM Kpl1Tl1K, U11TaTa 113 n11ebMa

By.LJ.YI.Uee BpeMB
B attrllHHeKOM H3bIKe MHoro epe)J.eTB )J.AA Bbipa:lKeHlliI 6y)J.yillero apeMeHH. 0Hl1 o603HatJalOT pa3JIJ1qHble Il03ID.J;l111, KOTOpbie MO)l(HO npHHH.Tb B OTHOJJJeHl111 6y)J.yll1HX eo6b!THH, 11 fIOTOMY He H.BJUIJOTeH B3a11M03aMeHH.eMbIMH.

Will ('11)/will not (won' t) o6o3Ha'!aeT:

a) npe)J.eKa3aHHe eo6bITl151, O)l(H)J.aeMoro B 6y)J.YJJ1eM:

I'll move to London next year. People won't work more than 4 hours
a day in the year 2020. Won 't he be able to help me?
6) o6emaHHe:

I'll giv_e you your money back tomorrow, /promise. I won't let you down .
. 446

Aml>aeHTHblH )'Ka3aTeJIL
(lJHCJia o603H8'18IOT HOMepa ypOKOB.)

aMepHKaHCKHH aHrJIHHCKHit 399' 40 l

apTHKJib 32, 42, 44, 62, 326
apTHKJib, Heonpe.neJieHHbiiI 178, 188, 308, 360
apTHKJih, onpe.neJieHHbIH 42
6y.LJYll.l.ee BpeM.SI 287, 440
BOnpOCHTeJibHbie MeCTOHMeHH.SI 63, 342, 420
BpeM.SI 88
repyH)l.HH 127, 133, 195
rnaronb1 MHeHH.SI H coo6w,eHH.SI 268
rnaronbI HenpaBHJihHbie 103
JJ.OTIOJIHeHHe 7, 180, 186, 244
11,ll,HOMbl 20, 40, 73, 132, 138, 194, 198, 205, 216, 249, 264, 299,
332, 415
HHBepcH.SI 6, 234
11C4HCJI.SleMbJe H HeHC'lHCJIS!eMbie cymecTBHTeJibHbie 112
KOCBeHHaSI pe<tb 96, 97, 99, 173, 373
Kpanrne <t>opMbI 260
Jil14Hble MeCTOHMeHHSI 199, 334
JIO)l(Hble .ll.PY3bSI 4
MHO)l(eCTBeHHOe lfHCJIO 27, 40, 116, 353, 355, 384
Hape4HSI 71 , 285, 289, 363, 365, 405
OMOcPOHbl 117
OTHOCHTeJibHbie MeCTOHMeHH.SI 280, 311
OTHOCHTeJibHbie npe,ll,JIO)l(eHH.SI 251, 282
OTPHUaTeJibHa.SI <t>opMa 91 , 260, 328
naCCHB45, 57, 77, 84, 105, 138, 268, 324, 378
npeMom 60, 101 , 123, 135, 162, 186, 191 , 201
npe,ll,JIO)l(eHH.SI c if (yCJIOBHbie npe,ll,JIO)l(eHH.SI) 82, 86, 94, 368
npHJiaraTeJibHbJe 38, 69
npHTSl)l(aTeJibHbIM na.u.e)I( 20, 21 , 24, 26
npHTSl)l(aTeJibHbie npHJiaraTeJibHbie 2, 10
npH'laCTHe 142, 166, 314, 322,426,436
npo.noIDKel;lHa.SI <t>opMa (Progressive Form) 13, 16, 18, 159, 387
nponwcHa.SI 6YKBa 11
pa3,ll,eJIHTeJibHbJe BOnpOCbl 109, 155, 433
cnoro.nenem1e 345, 352
cofoi:paTeJibHbie cyw,ecrnHTeJibHbie 415
cornacosaHHe speMeH 85, 96
C0103bl 146, 148, 150
cpaBHeHHe 33, 75, 175
CTeneHH cpaBHeHH.SI npHJiaraTeJibHblX H ttapelfHH 35, 175
cy6CTaHTHBHpoBaHHbie npHJiaraTeJibHbie 347
YKa3aTeJibHbie MeCTOHMeHH.SI 329
447

au

158
a lot of (lots of) 376
bring /take 236
day40
do (KaK 3aMetta} 264
every/ each / any 152, 229
few / little - a few / a little 408
get 298
have (BcnoMoraTeJihHhIH rnaron) 239, 424
have (noJIH03Ha'lHhIB rnaron ) 66
ing-<t>opMa 119, 274, 303
know 27
lend / borrow 236
look / see 362
much /many 4
no / none 393
one/ ones 339, 349
Past Perfect 336, 338, 385, 387, 389
Possessive Adjective 2, 10
Possessive Case 20, 21 , 24, 26
Present Perfect 122, 125, 189, 203, 295, 335
Simple Past 122, 125, 159, 189, 221 , 295, 335
salt 73
since / for 226
so H neither/ nor 403
so Hnot 207
some/ any 52, 53, 132, 140, 398
something/ anything 55, 168
take 299
talk 299
there 275
to-infinitive 253, 266
when / if255
while / during 41 8
word 415

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