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BIOLOGIA (PAKISTAN)
and sustainable usage of plant resources as well. Man has had close contact
with plants for his survival since prehistoric time. Plants both cultivated and
natural perform a vital role in the lives of rural people particularly in developing
countries. The main usages of plants include: sources of food, vegetables, fruits,
beverages, drinks, spices, condiments, etc. (Schutles, 1992).
Plants are also used as: insecticidal to protect the crops, wood for
making implements, utensils, tools, musical instruments, boats, oars and other
household goods; cordage, commercial plants, crude drugs, packaging material,
agricultural implements, fuel, for religious ceremonies and ornamentation (Shah,
2005). Plants have always been centrally important for the wellbeing of human
beings and will always remain so. Plants are primary producers, forming the base
of food webs and support almost all other forms of life. Information, foresight and
practices of local people can play their role through applied ethnobotany to
identify and find solutions to the problems of sustainable development and
conservation of plants (Hamilton et al., 2003).
In Pakistan the discipline of ethnobotany is at preliminary stage. Ahmad
(2007) conducted ethnobotanical and ethnomedicinal study of Lahore- Islamabad
motorway (M-2) and recorded 81 plant species belonging to 44 families, having
medicinal value. Jan et al. (2011) gathered some ethnobotanical information on
62 plant species of Dir Kohistan Valleys. These plants were found in use by local
people as medicines and for other purposes. Ahmad et al. (2010) enlisted 62
grass species that were ethnobotanically important in Salt Range area of
Northern Pakistan. Khan (2009) and Ajaib et al. (2010) discussed the importance
of plant species having ethnoveterinary uses in Cholistan desert of Pakistan.
Sardar & Khan (2009) conducted an ethnobotanical study on flora of Tehsil
Shakargarh, District Narowal, Pakistan and the indigenous knowledge of local
people on 102 plant species of 62 families was documented.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The data was collected by regular visits to the study area, comprising
eight districts of central Punjab, during the year 2008-09. The ethnobotanical
uses were documented by interviewing the local people including common plant
collectors, herbal practitioners/Hakims, etc. A semi structured questionnaire was
used for interviewing people to collect ethnobotanical information. It was
crosschecked with existing literature on ethnobotany. The plant species were
collected, pressed and identified with the help of Flora of Pakistan (Nasir & Ali,
1970-1989; Ali & Nasir, 1990-1992; Nasir & Rafiq, 1995; Ali & Qaisar, 19922010).
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The data collected was arranged in alphabetical order of family name,
botanical name, local name, part used, traditional uses with flowering period
(Table:1).
VOL. 58 (1&2)
Sr.#
Family
Local
Name
Kamrnga
Part
Used
Fruit,
Shoots
Averrhoaceae
Bombaceae
Simbal
Whole
Plant
Boraginaceae
Liyaar
Koda
Talwar
phali
Whole
Plant
Whole
Plant
Whole
Plant
Whole
Plant
Jhinjera
Stem,
Leaves
Amaltas
Whole
Plant
Whole
Plant
Whole
Plant
Caesalpinaceae
Lasura
Capparidaceae
Berna
10
Combretaceae
Arjun
Terminalia
bellirica
(Gaertn.) Roxb.
Terminalia chebula Retz.
Bahra
11
12
Harar
Stem,
Fruit
Whole
Plant
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BIOLOGIA (PAKISTAN)
Table 1: Continued
13
Euphorbiaceae
Arind
Whole
Plant
14
Fabaceae
Sukhechain
15
Malvaceae
16
Meliaceae
Whole
Plant
Whole
Plant
Whole
Plant
Tun
19
Bakiain
Whole
Plant
20
Swietenia
macrophylla
King
Acacia modesta Wall.
Mahogany
Stem
Phulahi
Stem,
Leaves
22
Acacia
(Linn.)Delile.
nilotica
Desi Kikar
Whole
Plant
23
Albizia
Benth.
(Linn.)
Siris
Whole
Plant
17
18
21
Mimosaceae
lebbeck
Lahura
Neem
Dalmara
Whole
Plant
Stem
VOL. 58 (1&2)
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Table 1: Continued
24
Albizia
(Roxb.)Benth.
25
procera
Safed siris
Whole
Plant
Pithecellobium
dulce
(Roxb.) Benth.
Prosopis cineraria (Linn.)
Druce
Jangal
jalebi
Jhand
Fruit,
Stem
Whole
Plant
27
Stem
28
Waliaty
Jhand
Phari Kikar
Bohr
30
Gulhar
Leaves,
Bark,
Root
Fruits
31
Peepal
Whole
Plant
32
Tut sufaid
Whole
Plant
33
Tut siah
Sohanjna
Fruit,
Wood
Whole
Plant
26
29
34
Moraceae
Moringaceae
Leaves,
Wood
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BIOLOGIA (PAKISTAN)
Table 1: Continued
35
Myrtaceae
36
Oleaceae
37
Palmae
38
Papilionaceae
39
Eucalyptus
citriodora
(Hook) K.D. Hill & L.A.S.
Johnson
Nyctanthes arbor- tristis
Linn.
Phoenix dactylifera Linn.
Safaida
Leaves,
Wood
Kuri,
Har
singhar
Khajoor
Leaves,
Flowers
Fruit,
Leaves
Butea
monosperma
(Lam.)Taubert
Dalbergia sissoo Roxb.
Plata
Arial
Parts
Whole
Plant
Whole
Plant
Stem,
Leaves
Tali
40
Rhamnaceae
Bairi
41
Salicaceae
Populus
Olivier, Voy.
Bahan
42
43
Salvadoraceae
44
euphratica
Bed-i-laila
Stem
Salvadora
Decne.
Van
Whole
Plant
Pilu
Aerial
Parts
Stem,
Fruit
oleoides
45
Sterculiaceae
Tanbachi
46
Tamaricaceae
Frash
47
48
Tiliaceae
Ukan
Dhamna
Whole
Plant
Bark
Bark,
Leaves
VOL. 58 (1&2)
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BIOLOGIA (PAKISTAN)
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ETHNOBOTANICALLY IMPORTANT TREES
(2006) studied the use of medicinal plants in North Peru and about 510 plant
species belonging to 250 genera and 126 families were collected that were found
in use for medicinal purposes. Uprety et al. (2012) published the traditional uses
of medicinal plants in the boreal forest of Canada and also suggested the future
research perspectives. Mahmood & Shah (2012) conducted an ethnomedicinal
survey to collect data from traditional healers about the use of medicinal plants in
Poonch, District of Jammu and Kashmir. A total of 65 species distributed across
32 families were recorded in use to cure various diseases.
VOL. 58 (1&2)
REFERENCES
Ahmad, F., Khan, M. A., Ahmad, M., Zafar, M., Mahmood, T., Jabeen, A. &
Marwat, S.K., 2010. Ethnomedicinal uses of grasses in Salt Range
Region of Northern Pakistan. J. of Med. Plants Res., 4(5): 362-369.
Ahmad, M., 1986. Soils of Pakistan. In: Proc. xii international forum on soil
taxnonomy and agrotechnology technology transfer. Soil Survey of
Pakistan, Lahore. I: 58-73.
Ahmad, S.S., 2007. Medicinal wild plants knowledge from Lahore- Islambad
Motorway, (M-2). Pak. J. Bot., 39(2): 355- 377.
Ahmad, M., Khan, M.A. & Qureshi, R.A., 2003. Ethnobotanical study of some
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46(3): 15-19.
Ajaib, M., Khan, Z., Khan, N. & Wahab, M., 2010. Ethnobotanical studies on
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Ali, S.I. & Qaisar, M., 1992-2010. Flora of Pakistan. Department of Botany,
University of Karachi and National Herbarium, PARC, Islamabad. Nos.
194-208.
Ali, S.I. & Nasir, Y.J., 1990-92. Flora of Pakistan. Department of Botany,
University of Karachi and National Herbarium, PARC, Islamabad. Nos.
191-193.
Ashfaq, S., Ahmad, M. & Arshad, M., 2003. Ethnomedicinal observations of
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Bussmann, R.W. & Sharon, D., 2006. Traditional plant use in Northern Peru:
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Government of Pakistan., 1994. Declaration of some wilderness areas as
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Hamilton, A.C., Pie, S.J., Kessey, A.A., Khan, S., Lagos, W. & Shinwari, Z.K.,
2003. The purpose and teaching of applied ethnobotany. People and
Plants Working Paper, pp. 1- 76.
Jan, G., Khan, M.A., Farhatullah., Jan, F.G., Ahmad, M., Jan, M. & Zafar, M.,
2011. Ethnobotanical studies on some useful plants of Dir Kohistan
Valleys, KPK, Pakistan. Pak. J. Bot., 43(4): 1849-1852.
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