ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

1. Write an essay on green house Gases

and their impact on the Environment.

2.

The Energy Trapped from the Sun due to

Certain Gases in the Atmosphere.
The leads to rise of earths Temperature
these are known as green house gases.
Such gases are co2, N2o, CH4 & water
vapour
Co2, (Carbon di-Oxide)
It is most Abundant green house gas.
It Reaches the Atmosphere by respiration
of animals, Volcanic eruption
Dead of organic matter.
Normally Co2 is removed by the plants by
photosynthesis.
By Human activities Co2 is increase in the
atmosphere reduced greatly due to the
deforestation.
Today atmosphere Co2 concentrations are
368 ppm a 31%. Increase.
Nitrous Oxide (N2O)
It traps 300 times more heat than Co2.
Burning fossil fuels and ploughing of form
soil release Nitrous Oxide
Since 1750 its level has increased by 17%.
Methane (CH4)
It traps 20 times more heat than Co2.
It is released during the production of
coals, Natural gas and oil. And also emitted
by the cows as a By products of digestion.
CFC (Chlorofluro Carbons)
It is released from refrigerators and
responsible for global warming
This collectively called Hydrocarbons
manufacture of foams coolants.
Trifluoro
methyl
sulphur
penta
fluoride
It is discovered in the year 2000
It emitted more heat than all other green
House gases the industrial sources of the
gas is not yet indentified.
How will you manage hazardous
wastes?
Discuss
it
current
Knowledge?
Hazardous wastes may remain dangerous
for thousand of tears .
Eg. Organic Slovent, Hospital wasres
Disposal of wastes.

Land
Fills:
military related liquid,
radioactive wastes are stored in a deep
underground.
The wastes are carefully contained to
prevent
cross
mixing
of
reactive
substance.
To avoid leakage monitoring should be
done.
Deep well Injection
Hazardous wastes and liquids are pumped
into well in the underground
They are soaked into the porous material
and made to remain isolated.
Eracture in the ground may permit the
injected
wastes
to
escape
and
contaminated ground water.
Surface Impoundment
Large amount of water carrying smell
Amount of chemical wastes are displaced
by this method.
Liquid wastes are drained into ponds.
Solid wastes settle and accumulate which
water evaporates.
Incineration
Hazardous
bio-medical
wastes
are
incinerated
Eg. Human anatomical waste, drugs,
blood, pus etc
Bio-remediation
Cleaning Environment with microbs, and
plants is called bio- remediation.
This method degrades, absorb (Or)
detoxify the wastes.
Pseudomonas bacteria named as super
bugs
are
callable
degrading
toxic
compound and oil.
Plants such as Gibberella fusarium were
able to breakdown of cyanide into nonToxic form.

3. What is meant energy crisis? Steps to

be taken to resolve energy crisis?
Energy is a necessary one for all industrial
Generation.
Energy is essential for sustaining of life on
earth.
Energy crisis is due increase in population
and liberalization
Steps to be taken to resolve the
energy crisis
1. Reduce to consumption of fuels.
1

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

In total energy 18% is used for heating

25%, is required for transporting by using
proper insulation of building.
Improving
the
fuel
economy
of
Automobiles.
2. Wind energy
In the coast areas, fill and desert wind
energy used to produced more electricity.
3. Geothermal energy
Geothermal plants make use to naturally
heated steam below to the surface of earth
through a series of bore holes.
4. Mini hydel generation
Energy from small water sources.
Cheapest and renewable energy.
5. Ocean Energy
Produce energy from Ocean winds waves
and tides.
Indias first power plant generating
electricity from Ocean energy is at
Vizhinjam in Kerala-150 kw power is
generated
Tidal power plants are designed in the Bay
of Canada, Kutch in India.
6. Solar Energy
It is the primary source for all energy.
Earth receives 5x1020 k cals of energy per
year.
Universal non polluting energy.
7. Nuclear Energy.
Energy got by Nuclear fission and fusion.
It is a cheaper energy.
Can replace fossil fuels.
8. Biogas
It is anaerobic fermentation of Organic
water. It is better then dry cattle dung.
9. Hydrogen Source of power for future
It is more economical and efficient energy.
Produced
unlimitedly
by
present
technologies.

4. Give an account on Poverty?

Poverty
It is condition having insufficient resources
or income it lack of food clothing and
housing.
Many Died of Poverty
Even developing countries like Africa, Asia,
Europe, are suffering for food and shelter.
In Western Europe, people are suffering
from poor nutrition mental illness drug
dependence.

Absolute poverty is extreme poverty which

threatens peoples live.
A condition having less income is known as
absolute poverty.
Poverty and Environmental issues.
Some says that poverty leads to
Environmental degradation.
Environmental
degradation
leads
to
poverty.
The increase in population and poverty
leads Environmental deterioration.
This leads to shortages of food clean eater
forest land air degradation .
Drastic environmental degradation leads to
poverty.
Various measures eradicate Poverty
Achieving self sufficiency by intensifying
Agriculture.
Increasing land and water resources
expanding the area of cultivable lands.
Minimizing
the usages of chemical
Pesticides.
Anti poverty programmes should be
conducted
Establishing more primary health centres
and Hospitals.

5. Conservation of Fresh water discuss.

To maintain the amount of water on the
earth there are several ways.
Seeding clouds
Seeding water laden clouds with potassium
Iodide or dry ice initiate rain.
Desalination
In which desalination of Ocean increase
the fresh water
Reverse Osmosis is done
Forcing water pressure through a semi
permeable membrane which filters most of
salts.
It is more expensive and used in countries
where theres no source of freshwater.
Dams
The water stored in dams and reservoirs
can be transferred to area of deficit
through canals.
Water shed management.
A series of smell dams built across rivers
will glove back water
Construction Huge dams can be avoided.
Rain water Harvesting.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

Collecting rain water direct into ground to

improve ground water storage is rain water
harvesting.
Ground water level is increased sea water
intrusion can be prevented.
The rain water that falls on the terrace of
the building may be harvested and the
water is diverted to the open or bore wells.

The
government
of
Tamil
Nadu
implementing the rain water harvesting
programme in the state.
Insists that every House should follow the
rain water harvesting programme.