TKS 3249

Perpindahan Panas
Kuliah 7
Design of Double-Pipe Heat Exchangers (Part 2)
Semester Genap 2015-2016
Kelas A Program Sarjana Teknik Kimia
Universitas Riau

Finned-Pipe Exchangers
The inner pipe of a double-pipe exchanger can
be equipped with rectangular fins.
Fins can be attached to both the internal and
external pipe surfaces, external fins are most
frequently used.
The fin material need not be the same as the
pipe material.

Finned-Pipe Exchangers

FIGURE 4.3 (a) Rectangular fins on heat-exchanger pipes,

(b) Cross-section of a finned-pipe exchanger

Finned-Pipe Exchangers

Standard pipe pressure with schedule 40 pipe,

and for high-pressure service using schedule 80
pipe.

Finned-Pipe Exchangers

The fin thickness is the same in both single and

multi-tube units.

Fin Efficiency
The efficiency of a rectangular fin,

where:

Fin Efficiency
The weighted efficiency of the entire finned
surface is given by:

where,

Overall Heat-Transfer Coefficient

The overall coefficient is based on the total
external surface area, ATot, of the inner pipe.
The overall resistance to heat transfer is thus
1/UATot, and is the sum of the inner and outer
convective resistances, the conductive
resistance of the pipe wall, and the resistances
of the fouling layers (if present).

Overall Heat-Transfer Coefficient

The outer convective resistance in a finned
annulus is:

Therefore, viewing RDo as a reciprocal heattransfer coefficient, we have:

Overall Heat-Transfer Coefficient

With Ai = DiL,
The equation for the clean overall coefficient
is obtained by dropping the fouling terms:

Flow Area and Equivalent Diameter

The flow area and wetted perimeter are:

The equivalent diameter is,

Flow Area and Equivalent Diameter

where:
D1 = OD of inner pipe.
D2 = ID of outer pipe.
nt = number of inner pipes.
nf = number of rectangular fins.
b = height of fin.
= thickness of fin.

Heat-Transfer Coefficients and

Friction Factors for Finned Annuli
Heat-transfer coefficients and friction factors
were,

Heat-Transfer Coefficients and

Friction Factors for Finned Annuli

Heat-transfer coefficients for finned annuli

Heat-Transfer Coefficients and

Friction Factors for Finned Annuli

Friction factors for finned annuli

Wall Temperature for Finned Pipes

From energy balance and the weighted
average temperature gives,

To reiterate, Tp is used i to find fi and Twtd is

used for o.

All design criteria are met, with the exception of Pi = 20.6 psi, which is
slightly above the specified maximum pressure drop of 20 psi. This discrepancy
is not large enough to be a concern in most situations. If necessary, however, it
could be eliminated by using hairpins of length 24 ft rather than 25 ft.

 The high over-surface is simply a reflection of the large effect

that internal fouling has on the design overall heat-transfer
coefficient.
The effect is much greater in finned exchangers because the ratio
of external to internal surface area is so high (5.93 in this case
versus 1.18 for an un-finned 1.5-in. schedule 40 pipe).
With the fouling factors specified in this example, the two
fouling resistances account for 30% of the total thermal
resistance.
Clearly, in the design of finned exchangers, care must be
exercised to ensure that an appropriate value is selected for the
inner fouling factor.
To summarize, for the problem as given, the final design consists
of four hairpins connected in series on both sides with water in
the inner pipe and oil in the annulus

class exercise

Coursework due to 11/04/16

Coursework due to 11/04/16

Coursework due to 11/04/16

Coursework merupakan tugas midtest.
Jawaban harus diketik dengan MS Word dan
dicetak pada kertas HVS 70 gram berwarna
putih.
Sebelum mengumpulkan coursework
mahasiswa wajib mendiskusikan pekerjaannya
dengan dosen/asissten dosen paling sedikit 3
(tiga) kali.

Coursework due to 11/04/16

Baik hardcopy maupun softcopy jawaban akan
dikumpulkan, untuk itu dilarang keras
memberi jawaban atau file jawaban kepada
peserta kuliah lain.
Selain perhitungan disain, jawaban juga harus
dilengkapi dengan spesification sheet untuk
HE yang saudara disain.
Beberapa ketentuan lainnya akan disampaikan
ketika berdiskusi.