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Neural Networks:
Neural Networks, which are simplified models of the biological neuron system, is a
massively parallel distributed processing system made up of highly interconnected
neural computing elements that have the ability to learn and thereby acquire
knowledge and making it available for use. It resembles the brain in two respects:
- Knowledge is acquired by the network through a learning process.
-Interconnection strengths known as synaptic weights are used to store the knowledge
A neuron is composed of nucleus- a cell body known as soma. Attached to the soma are
long irregularly shaped filaments called dendrites. The dendrites behave as input
channels, all inputs from other neurons arrive through dendrites.
Another link to soma called Axon is electrically active and serves as an output channel.
If the cumulative inputs received by the soma raise internal electric potential of the cell
known as membrane potential, then neuron fires by propagating the action potential
down the axon to excite or inhibit other neurons. The axon terminates in a specialized
contact called synapse that connects the axon with the dendrite links of another neuron
An artificial neuron model bears direct analogy to the actual constituents of biological
neuron. This model forms basis of Artificial Neural Networks