01/02/2016

AdaptationtoClimateChangewithImprovedAgriculturalWaterManagementStories,NAFA

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AdaptationtoClimateChangewithImprovedAgriculturalWaterManagement

Asthewateravailableforagriculturebecomeslimitingdue
topopulationgrowth,competitionfromotherwaterusers,droughtandwaterqualitydegradation,itisimportanttoensurethat
everydropofwater(eitherfromrainfallandirrigation)countsforcropwateruse.Evapotranspiration(ET)whichistheprocess
bywhichwaterisdirectlylossfromsoilevaporation(E)andtranspiration(T)fromthesurfacesofplants,isamajorcomponent
ofwateruseinagriculture.TheabilitytopartitionETintoevaporationandtranspirationcomponentswillhelpirrigation
managerstofindwaystoimprovewateruseefficiencybyincreasingtranspirationandreducingevaporation.
TheSoilandWaterManagementandCropNutrientSectionincollaborationwiththeChineseAcademyofAgricultural
Sciences,ChinaAgriculturalUniversityandscientistsfrom12countriesparticipatedinafieldcampaignrecentlytoevaluatea
rangeofconventionalandisotopictechniquestoquantifyEandTinamaizecroppingsystem.Thefieldcampaigntookplace
attheChinaNationalEngineeringResearchCentreforInformationTechnologyinAgriculture(NERTICA),inXiaoTangshan,
Beijing,China.

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01/02/2016

AdaptationtoClimateChangewithImprovedAgriculturalWaterManagementStories,NAFA

Themaincriteriaforasuccessstoryrequirethatactivities
contributedirectlyandsubstantiallytothepreventionofsoilerosionorthereclamationofdegradedland,usingappropriate
andcosteffectiveapproachesandtechnologiesforsoilandwaterconservation.
Thecampaignwasahugesuccessinbringingnotonlyscientistsbutalsokeyrepresentativesandisotopicequipmentfrom
privateinternationalcompany(PicarroInc.)togethertotestnotonlythestateoftheartbutalsonovellowtechnologiesfor
assessingETunderdifferentirrigationmanagementsystems.TheconventionaltechniquestestedincludeBowenratioand
EddycovarianceinstrumentsforlatentandsensibleheatfluxestocalculateETmicrolysimetersforquantifyingevaporation,
stemflowandheatratiogaugesforplanttranspirationmeasurementslinequantumsensorandcameraimagingfor
estimatingcanopycoverofthemaizecropTDR,neutronprobeandEnviroSCANforsoilwatermeasurementsandfinally
laserspectroscopyanalyseratmultipleheightaboveandbelowthecanopyforwatervapourcollectionandoxygen18and
deuterium(18 O&2 H)isotopicsignaturesofthewatervapour.Thishightechlasermethodwasalsocomparedwithtwoother
vapourtrappingsystems(asemiautomaticandalowtechnologymethod).

Thedataisbeingprocessedcurrentlyandinformation
obtainedwillformabasisforthebestapproachtoquantifyEandT.Thiswillthenbetestedinarangeofcountriesinvolved
fordifferentcropsandirrigationmanagement.TheinformationfromthisresearchwillbeusedtotestFAO'sAquacropmodel
forapplicationtodifferentgeographicregions.Theinformationwillbeupdatedwhendataprocessingiscompleted.
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