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EEQ-S&B-WP2-2.5
August
D 2.5
WP 2
Finished
DISEMINATION LEVEL
PU = Public
X
PP = Restricted to other programme participants (including the JU)
RE = Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the JU)
CO = Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the JU)
(August 2011)
Page 1 of 18
Version
1st
2nd
3rd
Date
20/07/11
28/07/11
15/08/11
Author
Michalis P.
Michalis P.
Michalis P
EEQ-S&B-WP2-2.5
Document History
Description
1st Draft
2nd Draft
Final Version
Disclaimer
The information proposed in this document is provided as a generical explanation on the
proposed topic. No guarantee or warranty is given that the information fits for any particular
purpose. The user thereof must assume the sole risk and liability of this report practical
implementation.
The document reflects only the authors views and the whole work is not liable for any empirical
use of the information contained therein.
(August 2011)
Page 2 of 18
EEQ-S&B-WP2-2.5
SUMMARY
This document is the deliverable D2.5 of the WP 2 of the EE-QUARRY Project Develop of a new
and highly effective modeling and monitoring Energy Management System technique in order to
improve Energy Efficiency and move to a low CO2 emission in the energy intensive non-metallic
Mineral industry.
The scope of this document is to identify the Key Performance Indicators, mainly from
bibliographical sources, that could be used to examine the efficiency of the production process.
Our focus will be mainly on the Key Performance Indicators related with energy consumption
efficiency.
(August 2011)
Page 3 of 18
EEQ-S&B-WP2-2.5
CONTENTS
SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................... 3
CONTENTS ................................................................................................................................... 4
ABBREVIATIONS ......................................................................................................................... 5
INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 7
1
1.2
YIELD ............................................................................................................................ 8
1.3
1.4
1.5
STRIPPING RATIO........................................................................................................ 9
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
THE KPI FOR PERLITE AND BENTONITE FOR THE YEAR 2010 ............................ 14
CONCLUSIONS .......................................................................................................................... 15
REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................... 16
ATTACHMENTS.......................................................................................................................... 17
(August 2011)
Page 4 of 18
EEQ-S&B-WP2-2.5
ABBREVIATIONS
EE-QUARRY
Develop of a new and highly effective modeling and monitoring Energy Management System
technique in order to improve Energy Efficiency and move to a low CO2 emission in the energy
intensive non-metallic mineral industry.
WP
CO2-e
Work Package
S/T
GHG
KPI
Key Performance Indicator
MT
Metric Ton
(August 2011)
Page 5 of 18
EEQ-S&B-WP2-2.5
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Industrial Processes emission factors for explosive use Source: AGO 2006a. ...... 9
Table 2 Emission Factors for Calculating CO2 Emissions Generalized Approach .......... 12
Table 3 National and European emission factors for consumed electricity .......................... 12
Table 4 Conversion factor energy units to MJ ........................................................................ 13
Table 5 KIPs perlite and bentonite for 2010 ............................................................................ 14
(August 2011)
Page 6 of 18
EEQ-S&B-WP2-2.5
INTRODUCTION
Key Performance Indicators are a set of quantifiable measures, agreed to beforehand, that a
company or industry uses to gauge or compare performance in terms of meeting their strategic
and operational goals. KPIs vary between companies and industries, depending on their priorities
or performance criteria. Also they are referred as "key success indicators (KSI)".
In our case that we are talking about quarries the KPIs are related to productivity, energy
consumption and cost efficiency. Companies face numerous challenges, both in selecting
appropriate KPIs at the company level and in implementing the selected KPIs at the operational
level.
(August 2011)
Page 7 of 18
1
1.1
EEQ-S&B-WP2-2.5
Production rate is the number of goods that can be produced during a given period of time.
Alternatively, the amount of time it takes to produce one unit of a good.
In mining, most commonly, the production rate is expressed in MT/h or m3/hour.
1.2 Yield
Yield is the quotient of the saleable or useful product expressed in MT to the quantity of extracted
material. For example if from 100 MT of extracted material, the saleable grade is 75 MT, the yield
is 75%. Sometimes yield is also called Non-product output and it is expressed in MT of Waste
per MT of product.
Where the operating cycle is the overall time period of operation being investigated and uptime is
the total time the system was functioning during the operating cycle. Operational availability is
required to isolate the effectiveness and efficiency of maintenance operations. It is the actual
level of availability realized in the day-to-day operation of the facility. It reflects plant maintenance
resource levels and organizational effectiveness. Operational availability is required to isolate the
effectiveness and efficiency of maintenance operations.
(August 2011)
Page 8 of 18
EEQ-S&B-WP2-2.5
One of the most commonly used indicators in order to monitor energy efficiency is the Specific
CO2 which is the kg of CO2 emitted for the production of 1 MT of product.
Data from Aggregate industries in UK indicate comparable specific CO2 at between 4,0-5,0
kg/MT. In a quarry operation we can distinguish 3 groups by means of CO2 emissions:
a) CO2-e occurring during blasting
The use of explosives in mining leads to the release of greenhouse gases. The activity
level is the mass of explosive used (MT). Emissions are calculated using the EFs from
Emission factor
Explosive type
ANFO
MT CO2/ MT explosive
0.17
Heavy ANFO
Emulsion
0.18
0.17
(August 2011)
Page 9 of 18
EEQ-S&B-WP2-2.5
kg CO2/MMBtu
103.62
93.46
97.09
96.43
95.33
93.72
93.98
94.45
113.67
kg CO2/MMBtu
52.56
52.91
53.06
53.46
53.72
54.71
53.06
kg CO2/MMBtu
75.61
69.19
73.15
70.88
72.31
kg CO2/ton
2,599.83
2,330.04
1,674.86
1,370.32
2,012.29
2,462.12
2,072.19
1,884.53
2,818.93
kg CO2/scf
Varies
Varies
Varies
Varies
Varies
Varies
0.0546
kg CO2/gallon
11.95
8.32
10.15
9.57
9.76
Page 10 of 18
EEQ-S&B-WP2-2.5
63.16
63.07
59.58
65.08
64.97
74.21
70.88
78.80
74.54
66.51
66.88
73.15
66.88
71.02
102.12
64.20
72.82
74.54
72.64
kg CO2/MMBtu
112.84
5.79
5.74
4.14
6.45
6.70
10.72
8.81
11.80
10.29
8.31
7.36
10.15
7.36
9.18
14.65
9.17
9.10
10.34
9.58
kg CO2/ton
3,159.49
kg CO2/MMBtu
93.87
94.41
kg CO2/ton
1,443.67
1,130.76
95.13
1,164.02
kg CO2/MMBtu
52.07
kg CO2/scf
0.0262
tE i i
St ti
b ti
2007 T bl B 3 th
hB5
Alternative Fuels1
kg CO2/MMBtu
kg CO2/gal
Animal Fat2
74
9.2
Waste Oil
74
Plastics
75
Solvents
74
Impregnated Saw Dust
75
Other Fossil based wastes
80
Dried Sewage Sludge
110
Mixed Industrial waste
83
Municipal Solid Waste
90.652
1. Source of data for Alternative Fuels is primarily the EPA Proposed Greenhouse Gas Reporting
Rule, Table C-2, of Subpart C. These values are subject to change when EPAs final rule is in
effect. http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/downloads/GHG_Rule/RulePart98A-P.pdf
Note the units of the Emission factor in Table C-2 are in kg CO2/MMBtu.
2.
DAQ is assuming Animal Fat can be treated as waste oil. Input-based emission factor calculated as
kg
CO2/gal
based
on
heating
value
of
124,586
Bt/gal.
Source:
htt //d
t t
/
it /
it
i
/ ll
t
02112008 df
T bl 2
d
(August 2011)
Page 11 of 18
EEQ-S&B-WP2-2.5
Austria
Belgium
Germany
Denmark
Spain
Finland
France
United Kingdom
Greece
Ireland
Italy
Netherlands
Portugal
Sweden
Bulgaria
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Estonia
Hungary
Lithuania
Latvia
Poland
Romania
Slovenia
Slovakia
EU-27
(A life cycle assessment (LCA, also known as life cycle analysis, ecobalance, Cradle to grave analysis) is a
technique to assess environmental impacts associated with all the stages of a product's life from-cradle-to-grave (i.e.,
from raw material extraction through materials processing, manufacture, distribution, use, repair and maintenance,
and disposal or recycling). LCAs can help to avoid a narrow outlook on environmental concerns)
(August 2011)
Page 12 of 18
EEQ-S&B-WP2-2.5
Fuel
Quantity
Units
Conversion
factor
Natural gas
kg
54.1
Natural gas
Nm3
38.8
Propane
kg
50.0
Butane
kg
49.3
Kerosene
kg
46.5
Gasoline
kg
52.7
Diesel
kg
44.6
Gas oil
kg
45.2
kg
kg
30.6
Anthracite
kg
29.7
Charcoal
kg
33.7
Industrial coke
kg
27.9
Electricity
kWh
Energy (MJ)
42.7
3.6
(August 2011)
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1.9
EEQ-S&B-WP2-2.5
The KPI for Perlite and Bentonite for the year 2010
(August 2011)
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EEQ-S&B-WP2-2.5
CONCLUSIONS
Choosing the right KPIs is reliant upon having a good understanding of what is important to the
organization. During last years for the mining business sustainability and energy efficiency
became an increasingly important factor. Next to the traditional KPIs were introduced new
indicators and energy information systems. However all the management systems based on KPIs
can become unusable without careful consideration of what data to collect, how often to collect it
and how to present and decode the data collected.
(August 2011)
Page 15 of 18
EEQ-S&B-WP2-2.5
REFERENCES
Mining Engineering Handbook Howard Hartman The Climate Registry (TCR) General
Reporting Protocol, Version 1.0, March 2008.-
The Control of energy consumption and the investigation of CO2 emissions in the
production of aggregates (Basketin, Adiguzel, Tuylu, Istanbul University , Faculty of
engineering , Dpt of Mining engineering 2010).
(August 2011)
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EEQ-S&B-WP2-2.5
ATTACHMENTS
a. Deliverable review report
Date
Reviewer
Company
Venue
Partly
No
Partly
No
Good
Partly
No
(August 2011)
Page 17 of 18
EEQ-S&B-WP2-2.5
Good
Good
Good
Please add your comments on the length, the structure and the presentation.
Comments
:
Accepted
with
revisions
Rejected
unless
modified
as
suggested
Rejected
Comments
:
(August 2011)
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