English Starter Grammar

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Line zamenice:
1
2
3

I
You
He/ she/ it

1. We
2. You
3. They

Line zamenice prati glagol

Prisvojni pridevi:
My
Your
His
Her
Its

Our
Your
Their

Prisvojne prideve prati imenica

lan a/an
lan a i an se koriste sa zanimanjima.
a stoji ispred rei koje poinju na suglasnik (b, c, d...)
a teacher
a businessman
an stoji ispred rei koje poinju na samoglasnik (a, e, i, o, u)
an actor
an engineer
Glagol to be
4
5
6

Potvrdni oblik
I am
you are
he is
she is

1. We are
2. You are
3. They are

it is
Odrini oblik
7 I'm not
8 you aren't
9 he isnt
she isnt
it isnt

1. We aren't
2. You aren't
3. They aren't

Upitni oblik
10 am I...?
11 are you...?
12 is he...?
is she...?
is it...?

1. are we...?
2. are you...?
3. are they...?

Jednina i mnoina imenica

a hotel hotels
a student students
a bus buses
a city cities
a man men
a woman women
a child children
a person people
this, that, these, those
This i these koristimo kada govorimo o ljudima/stvarima koje su nam blizu. This se
koristi za jedninu, dok se these koristi za mnoinu.
I like this table.
I want these shoes.
That i those koristimo kada govorimo o ljudima/stvarima koje nisu blizu nas. That
se koristi za jedninu, dok se those koristi za mnoinu.
Do you like that picture on the wall?
Who are those children outside?
there is / there are
there is se koristi u jednini: There's a car park near the station.

There isn't a cinema in our town.

Is there a post office in this street?
there are se koristi u mnoini: There are three hotels.
There aren't any restaurants.
Are there any shops here?
some / any
some se koristi u potvrdnim reenicama
There are some shops.
any se koristi u odrinim i upitnim reenicama
There aren't any people.
Are there any shops?
Prisvojno s
s se moe koristiti da prikae pripadnost
This is Toms book. (ovo je Tomova knjiga)
Laura is Tonys wife. (Laura je Tonijeva ena)
Zapamtite!
Lauras a student.
s = is
Carlos is Lauras father. s = possessive
Prosto sadanje vreme
Present Simple Tense
Sadanje vreme svih glagola obrazuje se tako da se uz glagolska vremena uvek
stavljaju line zamenice. Jedino se tree lice jednine prezenta razlikuje od ostalih lica, jer
dobija nastavak "-s" ili "-es", osim glagola: to be - biti, to have - imati, can, may - moi,
must - morati, ought to - trebati.
Nastavak "-s" za sadanje vreme izgovara se kao "s" ako dolazi iza bezvunog
suglasnika, ili "z" ako dolazi iza zvunog suglasnika ili samoglasnika: he speaks (hi
spi:ks), he reads (hiri:dz).
Glagoli koji se zavravaju na s, x, z, sh i ch obrazuju tree lice jednine nastavkom
"-es": he dresses, he teaches.
Glagoli koji se u infinitivu zavravaju na "-y", kad ispred "y" stoji suglasnik,
menjaju "y" u "i" u treem licu jednine: to cry (he cries), to try (to tries).
Odrini oblik sadanjeg vremena pravi se tako to se uzme sadanje vreme
pomonog glagola "to do", pa se zatim doda negacija "not" i infinitiv glagola, bez

predloga "to":
I write (ja piem) - I do not write, I don't write
Upitni oblik sadanjeg vremena pravi se tako to se uzme sadanje vreme
pomonog glagola "to do" u inverziji i infinitiv glagola, bez predloga "to".
You write (ti pie) - Do you write? (pie li?)
Sadanje prosto vreme se upotrebljava:
-da oznai radnju ije trajanje nije odreeno: I write (ja piem), I work (ja radim);
-da potvrdi jednu poznatu istinu: Fish live in water (ribe ive u vodi);
-da oznai radnju koja se vri po navici: I always get up early (uvek ustajem rano);
-da oznai radnju koja se ponavlja: I have an English lesson three times a week
(imam as engleskog tri puta nedeljno).
Upitne rei
Whereask about a PLACE
What..ask about a THING
Who...ask about a PERSON
When.ask about a TIME
Why...ask about a REASON
How many.ask about a NUMBER
Prilozi uestalosti
never not usually sometimes usually always
0% .100%
Prilozi
on
on
Monday
onThurs
day afternoon

can / cant

in
in
morning
in
afternoon
in
evening

at
at half past

the
five
the
the

at ten oclock
at weekend
at night

Potvrdan

Odrian oblik

Upitni oblik

oblik
I
You
He
canswim.
She
play the
We
guitar.
They

I
You
He
cantswim.
can
She
play the
We
guitar.
They

cant

Can I
Can you
Can he
Can she
Can we
Can they

Kratki
odgovori
Yes, I can.
Yes, she can.
Yes, they can.
No, I cant.
No, she cant.
No,
they
cant.

Prolo vreme glagola to be

Potvrdni oblik
13 I was
14 you were
15 he was
she was
it was
Odrini oblik
16 I wasn't
17 you weren't
18 he wasnt
she wasnt
it wasnt
Upitni oblik
19 was I...?
20 were you...?
21 was he...?
was she...?
was it...?

1. We were
2. You were
3. They were

1. We weren't
2. You weren't
3. They weren't

1. were we...?
2. were you...?
3. were they...?

was i were se takoe mogu koristiti uz there kada govorimo o prolosti

There was a large park.
There werent any good restaurants.
How many people were there?
Prolo prosto vreme
Past Simple Tense

Da bi napravili prolo prosto vreme koristimo infinitiv i proli oblik (preterit)

glagola.
a) potvrdna reenica:
subjekat + glavni glagol u prolom obliku (preteritu)
I lived in that house when I was young. (iveo sam u toj kui kada sam bio mlad)
She played basketball last week. (ona je igrala koarku prole nedelje)
b) odrina reenica:
subjekat + preterit od "do" + not + infinitiv glavnog glagola
He didn't like the movie. (nije mu se dopao film)
Mary did not go to work last Monday. (Mary nije otila na posao prolog
ponedeljka)
c) upitna reenica:
preterit od "do"+ subjekat + infinitiv glavnog glagola
Did you play tennis last week? (jesi li igrao tenis prole nedelje?)
Did he watch TV last night? (da li je gledao TV sino?)
Glagol did (preterit od "do") u svim licima ima isti oblik.
I did not go to London. (nisam bio u Londonu)
You did not go to London.
He did not go to London. itd.
Glagol be nema u svim licima isti oblik, upitnu reenicu pravimo zamenom
subjekta
i glagola.
I, he, she, it was here. - Was I, he, she, it here?
You were here. - Were you here?
Ako se glagol zavrava na suglasnik ispred kojeg stoji kratak naglaen vokal,
krajnji samoglasnik se udvostruava:
plan - planned
skip - skipped
Krajnje "l" se uvek udvostruava:
level - levelled
call - called
Ako glagol zavrava na "-y" ispred kojeg se nalazi suglasnik, "y" menja u "i":
worry - worried
cry - cried
Prosto prolo vreme koristimo:

-da se izrazi radnja koja se desila u prolosti i potpuno zavrila pa nema nikakve
veze sa sadanjou:
I was in Liverpool last year. (bio sam u Liverpulu prole godine);
-da se izrazi radnja koja je trajala neko vreme u prolosti bez ikakve veze sa
sadanjou:
We went to school when we were children. (ili smo u kolu kada smo bili deca);
-kada govorimo o stvarima koje elimo da se dogode ili bi trebalo da se dogode:
It's time they were back. (vreme je da se vrate)
I wish I had a new computer. (voleo bi da imam novi kompjuter)
-u zavisnoj reenici ako je u glavnoj prosto prolo vreme (slaganje vremena):
The policeman told me I drove too fas. (policajac mi je rekao da sam prebrzo
vozio)
Kada kaemo kada ili gde se radnja dogodila, moramo koristiti prosto prolo
vreme,
a ne sloeno sadanje vreme (present perfect tense).
want + imenica
+ I want a mobile phone.
- She doesn't want any furniture.
? Do you want some new shoes?
want to + glagol
+ We want to go to the beach.
- He doesn't want to watch TV.
? Does she want to go swimming?
going to
- potvrdne reenice:
I'm going to meet my friends tomorrow.
Youre going to do your homework.
Hes/ shes going to play tennis this afternoon.
Were going to see a film tonight.
Theyre going to get married next month.
- odrine reenice:
I'm not going to meet my friends tomorrow.
Youre not going to do your homework.
Hes/ shes not going to play tennis this afternoon.

Were not going to see a film tonight.

Theyre not going to get married next month.
- upitne reenice:
What are they going to do this evening?
Are you going to ask her tonight?
-

Nekada koristimo ove rei i fraze sa going to:

this afternoon/ evening
tonight
tomorrow
next week/ weekend/ month/ year

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