First Semester

Nano-Physics-1
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Scales in nanophysics
Quantum structure:3D-pontential wells(spherical & rectangular parallelopiped),2D(circular &
square,quantum corrals),1D(quantum wires),0D(quantum dots).
Barrier penetration:Step pontential;Rectangular Barrier penetration;Tunneling;WKB.
Applications of Barrier penetration:TEM,AFM,STM.
The Harmonic Oscillator:Schrodinger approach;Diracs bra-ket notation & operator algebra;
lattice vibrations;phonons
Hydrogenic atoms:spherically symmetric pontential;spherical harmonics;radial wave function;
orbitals.
Molecular Physics: H+2 ion;bonds(ionic,covalent,hydrogen);molecular spectrum;rotational &
vibration levels;Raman spectrum;sigma & pi bonds;carbon nanotubes;graphene;fullerenes
Energy Bands:Fermi-Dirac statistics;Kronig-Penny model;holes;effective mass;Density of
States:3D,2D,1D;conduction & valence bands;semiconductor physics;intrinsic & extrinsic;donor
& acceptor levels;charge neutrality;drift & diffusion;transport phenomenon;MOSFET,CMOS

References:
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Quantum Mechanics by Amit Goswami Waveland Press, Inc.

Semiconductor Physics by Streetman & Banerjee; Eastern Economy Edition.
Quantum Heterostructures by Vladimir V. Mitin, V. A. Kochelap, M. A. Stroscio; Cambridge
University Press.
Handbook of Nanotechnology by Bharat Bhusan; Springer Publication.
Nanotechnology by Ratner; Pearson Education.
Low-Dimensional Semiconductor Structures edited by K. Barnham & D. Vvedensky, Cambridge
University Press.
Semiconductor Quantum Dots by L. Banyai & S. W. Koch; World Scintific, London.

Elements of Chemistry
Unit-1) Structure,bonding & synthesis of some inorganic materials,zeolites,tetravalent metal acid
salts,introduction to transition metal complexes,metal carbonyls,organo metal complexes.
Unit-2)
Atomic
structure,chemical
bonding,aromatic
chemistry,polynuclear
aromatic
hydrocarbons,methods of preparation,physical & chemical properties, molecular orbitals ,LCAO method
& pericyclic reactions.
Unit-3) Introduction to Liquid crystals,classification and synthesis of liquid crystals,heterocyclic
compounds,classification,numbering,nomenclature,5 & 6 membered heterocyclic compounds with one
or more hetero atoms.
Unit-4) Zero,1st ,2nd ,order reaction,theories of reaction rates,statistical thermodynamics,partition
functions,Colloidal state,micelles,solid state,bonding in solid state,catalysis by supported metal
ion,influence of nano dimensions on catalyst funciton

Scientific Computing and Simulation 1

A) MATLAB/Octave

Basic features of MATLAB: Variables, comments,punctuations Matlab workspace,simple

math,complex numbers,mathematical function,operation on vectors and matrices,Logical
arrays.

Script M-files and function M files, Inline function in Matlab;control structure:For loops,While
loops, If-else end,Switch-case statements

Numerical Linear Algebra:system of linear equations,matrix function,sparse and special matrices

Polynomials:Roots,Operations on polynomials.

2D and 3D graphics.ODE and PDE solvers,Optimization tools in MATLAB

B) Numerical Algorithms

Computer Arithmetic: floating point numbers and round off errors, Absolute and relative errors.
Polynomial interpolation: Newtons and Lagranges interpolation
formulas, Extrapolation,
Numerical differentiation
Numerical integration by Trapezoidal rule,Sipsons rule ,error analysis.Solution of system of linear
equations by Direct method(Gauss-elimination)and iterative methods(Jacobs method, GaussSeidel method)
Solution of transcendental equation by bisection method and Newtons method. System of non
linear equations:Newton-Raphsons method.
Curve-fitting by Least square techniques.Numerical Solution of ODE;single step method-Runge
Kutta methods,Numerical solution to PDE,stability and convergence.

Elements Of Materials Science

* Engineering requirements of materials
Criteria for selection of material for Engineering applications on the basis of mechanical
properties
* Crystallography
Crystal structure, space lattice, unit cell, crystal systems, atomic packing factor, Co-ordination
numbers,crystal structure for metallic elements. Crystal directions &Planes, miller indices,
stacking sequence in HCP & FCC.
* Metallic materials
Phase,diagram, Gibbs phase rule, Binary isomorphous phase diagram, purely eutectic binary
phase diagram,partially eutectic binary phase diagram,solid solution Hume Rothery Rules
* Imperfections
Point defects, line defects & area defects-grain boundary,tilt boundary & twin boundary ,Grain,
Grain size number
* Cold working & annealing
Effect of grain size ,alloying elements and heat treatment on properties of materials.Failure of
metals-Ductile and Brittle failure,Ductile -to-brittle transition, creep failure and fatigue failure
* Ceramic and Polymeric materials
Structure,properties and application of above materials.Glasses and Refractories.
Types of polymerization like addition ,condensation and co-polymerization, Ageing
Vulcanization cross-linking and branching.
* Classification of Insulators,Semi conuctor and conductor on the basis of Band
theory,ferromagnetism,Hard and soft magnetic material.
* Definition and introduction to nanomaterials and nanotechnology.Classification of Nanomaterials.
Types of Nanomaterials with suitable examples,Typical methods of synthesis of nanomaterials, An
overview of improvements in materials properties at nanolevel,application of nanomaterials as
structural,magnetic,electronic and energy-related applications.
* Composite material (PMC ,CMC, MMC) and new developments. Metallic glasses,super conducting
material and optic fibre.
* Corrosion
Types of corrosion- Dry and Wet corrosion. Electro chemical and oxidation (Chemical) corrosion. E.M.F.
series and Galvanic series ,stress, concentration and compositional cells, corrosion prevention-Galvanic
potential and coatings

Second Semester
Synthesis of Nanomaterials
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Introduction to various nanometric forms namely atoms,molecules,nanoclusters,

nanopowders,thin films and coatings,multilavers,carbon nanotubes,nanowires and nano
fibers,nanocrystals,nanocapsules,fullerenes,quantum dots,quantum wires ,and nanoporous
materials etc.
Classifications and types of nanomaterials as nanoparticals and 1D 2D 3D nanomaterials.
Concept of bulk versus nanomaterials and dependence of properties on size.
Classifications of techniques of nanosynthesis based on the nature of the starting phase as
vapour,liquid or solid.Introduction to Top down vs Bottom up approach of synthesis with
suitable examples.
Nanosynthesis techniques based on vapour phase as the starting material.The study of
techniques such as inert gas condensation,physical vapour deposition,sputtering,plasma
deposition process ,chemical vapour deposition,etc. with examples.
Nanosynthesis techniques based on liquid as the starting material.The study of wel chemical
method like sol-gel method ,microemulsion technique, reduction of metal salts,decomposition
of organometallic precursors,cryochemical synthesis etc.Study of rapid solidification
route,electro and electroless deposition etc. along with suitable examples.
Synthesis of 3D nanostructured materials using high-energy mechanical attrition by
devitrification of an amorphous precursors,etc.Introduction to nanolithography and selfassembly routes.
Introduction to specific synthesis processes like synthesis of semiconductor nanoparticles in
colloidal solution,preparation of quantum dots,nanowires and films,preparation of simglewalled and multi-walled nanotubes.
Brule force methods vs soft Chemistry routes,sol-gel method of synthesis,Modification,use of
templates,microwave and ultrasound assisted synthesis,citrate gel method,CFC(controlled flow
cavitation),SCFs(super critical fluids)
Introduction
to
specific
synthesis
process,nanoparticals
in
colloidal
solutions,Surfactants,physical chemistry or surfactant behaviour,micelles,self assembly,self
assembled monolayers.(SAMs),Langmuir-Blodget(LB)films,organic block copolymers,emulsion
polymerization microemulsion.

References:
1)
Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties & Applications, ed by A.S. Edelstein & R.C. Cammarata,
Published by Institute of Physics, UK, 1996.
2)
Nanostructured Materials: Processing, Properties & Applications ed by C.C. Koch, Willium
Andrew, Publishing New York, 2002.
3)
Nanotechnology by George Limp, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1999.
4)
Nanoparticles & Nanostructured Films: Preparation, Characterization & Application ed by J.H.
Fendler, John Willey & Sons, 1998.
5)
Handbook of Nanostructured Materials & Nanotechnology ed by H.S. Nalwa, Vol. 1-5 ,
Academic Press, 2002.
6)
Carbon Nanotubes: Science & Applications ed by M. Meyyappan, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida,
2004.
7)
Processing & Properties of Structural Nanomaterials, Leon L. Shaw, C. Suryanarayana & Rajiv S.
Mishra, TMS.

Nano Physics 2
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Boltzmann Transport eqn

Scattering:Rutherford scattering;Raman scattering;Qauntum electron transport;Landauer
formula;Transport in nanostructures;Rutherford backscattering(RBS);medium energy ion
scattering(MEIS);low energy electrondiffraction(LEED) and reflection high energy electron
diffraction(RHEED)
Quantum Transitions:Time-dependent perturbation theory ;Fermi Golden rule;Einsteins A and B
coefficients;Transition in quantum structures.
Quantum structures as optical devices-LASER,LEDs,Solar cells.
Principals of Nano-Semiconductor Devices:2D electron gas system in MOS Inversion
layer;HEMT;SET;Superlattices;Coulomb Blockade.
Dielectric and polarization;Magnetism and Superconductivity
Hall
effect:classical;quantum
and
fractional;Magnetism(paramagnetism,ferromagnetism,ferrofluids,nanomagnetism,giant
and
colossal
magnetoresistance);and
Superconductivity(flux
quantization,Josephson
junction,SQUIDS).
Characterization:UHV methods;UV and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(UPS,XPS)Auger
electron spectroscopy(AES);Nanoscale I-V/C-V;Kelvin probe measurements;deep level transient
spectroscopy(DLTS);Cathodluminescence(CL)and Photo luminescence(PL);Electron energy loss
spectroscopy(EELS) and high resolution EELS(HREELS);low temperature and low noise
characterization.

References:
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Wave Mechanics applied to Heterostructures by G. Bastard; Halsted Press New York, 1998.
Handbook of Nanotechnology by Bharat Bhusan; Springer Publication.
Nanotechnology by Ratner; Pearson Education.
Quantum Wells by A. Shik; World Scientific.
Quantum Heterostructures by Vladimir V. Mitin, V. A. Kochelap, M. A. Stroscio; Cambridge
University Press.
Low-Dimensional Semiconductor Structures edited by K. Barnham & D. Vvedensky, Cambridge
University Press.
Semiconductor Quantum Dots by L. Banyai & S. W. Koch; World Scintific, London.
Quantum Theory of the Optical & Electronic Properties of Semiconductors by H. Haug & S.W.
Koch; World Scientific.

Nano Biotechnology
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Introduction, definition and classification:Molecular and cellular biology basis of in Drug

Discovery and Development
Application of Nanotechnology in Drug Discovery

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Fundamentals of Nano-enabled drug Discovery tools:Atomic force microscopy(AFM) and the

Congruent force intermolecular test,Field-ion microcope,Near-field Scanning Optical
Microscope(SNOM or NSOM),Surface Plasma Resonance;Nano-Mass spectroscopy,Dip-Pen
Nanolithography(DPN)
Microarrays and Nanoarrays
Microfluidics and Nanofluidics
Nanoparticles for Drug Discovery:Quantum Dots and Gold Nanoparticles for High-Content and
initial Drug Screening,Nanoshells for Raman Spectroscopy,Nanobarcode particles.
Nanomaterial Drugs:Abraxane,RenaZorb,Antimicrobial,Emulsion,Antioxident and Anti-HIV
Fullerenes.
Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery

Nanoparticles:Definitoins,Classifications
Polymeric nanoparticles:Types,synthesis,purification.characteriztion,property,bio degradation
Liquid nanoparticles:Types,preparation,purification,characterization,properties,boi-degradation
Hydrogel nanoparticles:Synthesis,properties
Peptide nano particles:Toxicity and toxicity evaluation of nanoparticles.

Scientific Computing and Simulation 2

MATHEMATICAL MODELING

Needs and techniques of mathematicalmodeling:Idea of mathematical modeling ,needs for

mathematical modeling,steps in mathematical modeling,Characteries of mathematical
modeling,Interpretation,examples from mechanical chemical and electrical systems.
Models in population dynamics:One species model,logistic model ,growth model in time delays,
Predator-pray models ,Volterra-Lokta models
Modeling dynamical systems:differential eq. and their numerical solution,linear and non-linear
dynamics, sability,convergence,attractors.
Physical systems:System types and characteristics behaviour.Continuos-time,discrete-time and
discrete-event systems,linear and non linear systems
Exploration of behaviour through simulation:developing simulations of dynamical sys. using
Matlab;representation and visualization of simulation experiments,analyzing behavioural
characteristics for a range of classes of physical and computational systems eg. Predictor-prey
models,evolutionary systems and cellular systems.

Simulation
* Exponential, Bionomial and Poisson varities.Decrete Event simulation modeling:Random numbers:
Generating uniform random variables;Psedo-random numbers,Congruential generators and their
properties alternative approaches
* General methods:Inversion method,acceptance-rejection,composition methods.Particular methods for
non uniform random variables,Box-Muller methods to generate normal variates
* Introduction to simulation modeling,Statistical simulations:Monte-Carlo simulation
* Physical simulation: N body methods and particles simulations,verlet Algorithm,Moleculardynamics
and carlo methods,Simulation for small systems ,Ab initio method

Third Semester
Characterization of Nanomaterials

Importance of characterization of materials at nano level.Difference

in behaviour of materials in bulk and nano regime.Difficulties in
characterizing materials of nano size.
Techniques of characterization of size of nano powders/particals using BET method and laser
diffraction.Determination of specific area and the pore volume for nanoporous solids.
Principle. Scope and application of various spectroscopic techniques like optical spectroscopy.UV visible and Infrared spectroscopy.Raman spectroscopy.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.Basic
understanding of each technique with special emphasis on characterization at nano scale.
Characerization of nano particles in terms of their composition .Crystal structure,phase analysis
and crystallite size using X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) ,X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Small Angle X-ray
Scattering principles.
Understanding of microstructural developments in nanomaterials using optical
microscopy.Scanning Electron Microscopy (STM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)
approach.High resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM).
Characterizing nano materials using techniques based on scanning probe microscopy principle
namely Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM),Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM),Magnetic Force
Microscopy (MFM) etc.Chemical Force Microscopy (CFM),Focused Ion Beam(FIB)
,Nanolithography.

References:
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Avouris. P. Klitzing. K. Von. Sakai. H. & Wiesendanger. R. 2003.Nanoscience & Technology Series.
Scanning Probe Microscopy-Analytical Methods (R. Wiesendanger eds.). Springer.
Avouris. P. Klitzing. K. Von. Sakai. H. & Wiesendanger. R. 2003.Nanoscience & Technology Series.
Noncontact Atomic Force Microscopy ( S. Morita & R. Wiesendanger eds.). Springer.
T. Pradeep Nano: The Essentials Mc Graw Hill, 1st Edition 2007.
C. Suryanarayana, M. Grant Norton. X-ray Diffraction: A Practical Approach, Plenum Press, New
York 1998.

Nanocomposites & Applications

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General introduction to composites and nanocomposites,types of

Composites ,fibre composites,fibres,polymer composites,metal matrix
Composites ,ceramic matrix composites.
Nanocomposites by mechanical alloying,Amorphous-crystal composites by copper mold
casting,sol-gel synthesis, thermal spray synthesis, thin film nanocomposites,nanocomposites for
optical and electrical application,nanocomposites materials with miscellaneous properties.
Polymer based and polymer filled nanocomposites,Polymerization processes,processing of
polymer
nanocomposites,carbon
nanotubes,nanotube
processing
polyimide,polymide,polyethylene,
Polyurethane and polymethylmethacrylate matrices,rubber matrices,epoxy matrix, ceramic and
metal filled polymer nanocomposites.
Mechanical behaviour of composite (flexural,compressive,tensile,
And dynamic mechanical),Bulk Matallic Glasses and their applications in golf club,Impact
strength,magnetic applications,abrasion and wear resistant composites,light emmiting devices.
Nanocomposites:
particulate,clay,nanocomposites,Nanocomposites
synthesis,characterization,properties and applications.
Nanomaterial reinforcement in composites,Metal nanocluster glasses,benefits of
nanotechnology in composite development,Multificational composites and candidates for
multifunctional composites,Self healing materials.

References:
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P. M. Ajayan, L.S. Schadler, P. V. Braun, Nanocomposite Science & Technology; Wiley- VCH
Verlag GmbH & Co.2003
K.K. Chavala, Composite Materials Science & Engineering, 2nd ed, New York: Springer 1998.
B.T. Astom, Manufacturing of Polymer Composites, London: Chapman & Hall, 1997.
D. Hull, Introduction to Composites, New York: Cambridge University Press,1996.
M.F. Ashby,& L.J.Gibson, Cellular Solids: Structure and Properties, 2nd ed. New York: Cambridge
University Press, 1997.

Nanofabrication
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Introduction to Nanolithography,Study of lithographic techniques

Based on use of photons viz.UV,LASER and X-ray;Lithography based on use of particle beams viz.
electron beam,ion beam and neutrons beam;Advanced techniques in lithography such as
Scannjng probe,Dip-pen, Thermo-mechanical lithography,etc.Basic principles of soft lithography
method.
Introduction to Nanosensors.Types of Nanosensors,Fabrication of Nanosensors based on
quantum size effects,optical and other physical properties,Fabrication based on electrochemical
principles ,Recent advances in nanosensors,Nano and Micro Electro Mechanical Systems.
Deposition techniques,Chemical Vapour Deposition,Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapour
Deposition,Pulse
LASER
deposition,Magnetron
and
ion
beam
sputter
deposition,Electroplating,Electrochemical
techniques,Epitaxial
methods
for
layered
structures,Molecular beam epitaxy.
Nano-optics ,optical properties of quantum structures,intraband transitions in quantum
structures,Nonlinear optics in quantum structures and applications,LEDs and LASERs using
quantum structures,optical probe techniques.
Angular momentum,orbital and spin angular momenta,transition in bulk semiconductor and its
dependence onangular momentum,heavy and light holes,Transport in quantum
structures,double barrier resonant tunneling structures,organic semiconductors,molecular
electronics.
Molecular Self-Assembly,pattern formation using self assembly ,folding of polypeptide
chains,self assembled monolayers,misclles.

References:
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Hari Singh Nalwa, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Academic Press,2002.

Avery n. Goldstein, Handbook of Nanophase Materials, marcel Dekker, Inc.,1997.
Quantum Heterostructures by Vladimir V. Mitin, et. Al. Cambridge University Press. 1999
Herve Rigneault et. al., Nanophotonics, ISTE, 2006.
V.V.Antsiferov, Physics of Solid State LASERS, Viva Publications, 2008.

Advanced Computing for Nano-Fluids

[A] Numerical Methods for Scientific Computing
* Numerical Differentiation and Integration
* Numerical Methods for Ordinary Differentiatial Equations
* Optimization-Golden Search Methods,Brents procedure,quasiNewton Methods,Direction Set Methods.
[B] Applications of Computers to Chemistry
* Computational Chemistry,Fundamentals of Chemistry
* Molecular Representations and Search Molecular Graphics and
Fitting Force Field (FF) Methods,Classical energy minimization
Techniques Conformational Analysis,Semi-empirical QM
Calculations Molecular Docking Molecular Descriptors Quntitative
Structure Activity,Relationship Futuristic modeling techniques.
[C] Statistical Computing
* Introduction to statistical computing
* Random Number Generation,Monte Carlo Methods,Non linear
Statistical Methods,Multiple Linear Regression Analysis.
[D] Computer Applicationa in Physics
* Monte Carlo Methods
* Numerical Solutions o Schrondinger equations
* Electronic Structure Calculation on simple solids,Classical
Molecular Dynamics
[E] Soft Computing
* Fuzzy logic
* Neutral Networks
* Genetic Algorithms.