Medical Electronics-I

EG 3201 EX
Total: 7
Lecture: 3
Tutorial: 1
Lab: 3

Year:
III
Semester: II

hour /week
hours/week
hours/week
hours/week

Course description:
This course deals with the fundamentals of pneumatics, acoustics and related mechanical and
measurement applications in biomedical field. Students will understand basic principles of transducer
and physiological transducers and other communication circuits for medical electronics.
Course Objective:
After completing this course the student will be able to:
1. Describe the uses of various pneumatics, acoustics and related mechanical and measurement
applications in biomedical field.
2. Explain the operating principles of various types of transducer for using in the biomedical field.
3. Describe the blood pressure and sound measurements
4. Check, testing of flow and volume of blood.
Course Content:
Unit 1.

Man- Instrument system

1.1
Physiological system of the body
1.2
Biometrics
1.3
Man-instrument system
1.4
Components of man-instrument system
Subject
Stimulus
Transducers
Signal conditioning equipments
Display units
Recording and data transmission
Data storage

[4]

Unit 2.

Basic communication circuits for medical equipments

2.1
Audio and radio frequency circuits
2.2
Modulation and demodulation circuits
2.3
Transmitting and demodulation circuits
2.4
Transmitting and receiving radio waves, pulse and digital circuitry
2.5
Frequency converters and mixers

[6]

Unit 3.

Review of hydraulics, pneumatics, acoustics and related mechanical and

measurement applications
[10]
3.1
Functions of components of instrumentation system transduction, signal
processing, signal transmission output indication
3.2
Need for electrical, electronics, pneumatic and hydraulic working media systems
and conversion devices
3.3
Analog and digital systems
3.4
Static performance parameters: accuracy, precision, sensitivity, resolution and
linearity
195

3.5
3.6
3.7

Dynamic performance parameter: response time, frequency response and

bandwidth
Error in measurement
Statistical analysis of errors in measurement

Unit 4.

Operating principles of transducer

[16]
4.1
Measurement of electrical variable voltage, current, resistance, frequency,
inductance and capacitance
4.2
Resistive, capacitive, inductive transducers
4.3
Signal display methods
4.4
Measurement of mechanical variables, displacement strain, velocity, acceleration
and vibration
4.5
Measurement of bio-physical variables, blood pressure and myoelectric potentials
4.6
Measurement of process variables, temperature, pressure, level, fluid flow,
chemical constituents in gases or liquids, pH and humidity
4.7
Physiological Transducers
Transducer in general
Active and passive transducers
Pressure transducer
Catheter-tip pressure transducer
Intracranial pressure transducer

Unit 6.

Blood Pressure and sound

6.1
Direct measurements
6.2
Dynamic properties of pressure measurement systems
6.3
Measurement of system response
Transient step response
Sinusoidal frequency response
6.4
Bandwidth requirements for measuring blood pressure
6.5
Systems for measuring venous pressure
6.6
Heart sounds
Mechanism and origins
Stethoscopes
6.7
Indirect measurements of blood pressure

[6]

Unit 7.

Measurement of flow and volume of blood

7.1
Indicator- dilution method that uses continuous infusion
Concentration
Fick technique
7.2
Electromagnetic flow meters
Principle
DC flow meter
AC flow meter
Probe design
7.3
Ultrasonic flow meters
Transducers
Transient-time flow meter
Continuous wave Doppler flow meter

[6]

196

Practical
1. Demonstration and orientation of man-instrument system
2. Transmitting and receiving radio waves, pulse and digital circuitry and their analysis
3. Statistical analysis of errors in measurement
4. Study of different types of transducers, their identification and applications in medical electronics
5. Direct and indirect measurements of blood pressure
6. Heart sound measurement and devices.
7. Case study of Doppler ultrasonic blood flow meter
8. Case study and design of intracranial pressure transducer
References:
1. John G. Webster, Medical Instrumentation, Application and Design: Third edition, John Wiley
and sons, New York
2. Leslie Cromwell, Bio medical Instrument and measurements, Prentice Hall, Inc, Englewood
cliffs
3. Onkar N. Pandey, Bio medical Electronics and Instrumentation, S.K. Kataria and sons,
Publishers of Engineering and Computer books
4. S. Wolf and R.F Smith, Students reference Manual for electronic Instrumentation Laboratories,
Prentice Hall.

197