1.

1.1.

EMPIRICAL FORMULAS
PROOF OF VARIABLE HEAD
Sand uses for floors of fine grain like
silts and silty clays.

1.3.

MOLESWORTH AND
YENNIDUNIA (EGYPT)

S = C * L* P * R0.5
Where:

Where:
k = Coefficient of permeability to the T
C. (Cm / seg).
To = transversal Area of the vertical tube
(cm).
L = Length of the sample of floor (cm).
To = transversal area of sample of floor
in the interior of the mould (cm).
t = (t 1 t 2) = Interval of time for the
head fall of h1 to h2.
1.4.
h1 = initial height of water in the time t 1
in the tube, measured on of the exit.
h2 = Final head of the water in the
moment t2 in the pipe, measured on of
the exit.
1.2.

FORMULA OF MORTIZ (USSR).

S = 0.2 *C *(Q/V)0.5
Where:
S: It is the losses by leak in cubic foot by
second by each mile of length of the
channel
Q: It is the discharge ( m3 / seg )
V: it is the half speed (ft / sec)
C: it is a constant varies of 0,34 for the1.5.
clay and 1,1 for the floor of sand.
Value of
TYPE OF SUELO
C
Gravel cementada and
0.34
capadura with frank-sandy
Arcilloso And frank
0.41
arcilloso
Franco sandy
0.66
Volcanic ashes
0.68
Clay
1.2
Sandy with rock
1.68
Sandy with gravel
2.2

S: They are the losses of driving for

a length of the channel expressed in
m3/seg.
L: it is the length of the channel in
km.
P: It is the wet perimeter in m.
R: It is the hydraulic radius in m.
C: it is the constant depends on the
types of floor, for the clay the same
0,0015 and for the sand the same
0,003.
FORMULA OF THE INDIAN
Equation developed by Mowafy
(2001) using north pertinent data of
the Indian Indo Plains and
reproduced as in:

S = C.To.D
Where:
S = Total loss, cusec (ft3/seg)
To = Area of wet perimeter, ft2
D = The depth of the water in the
channel, ft
C = constant Value
The value of C for the plain of the
Indo North varied from 1,1 until 1,8.
FORMULA IN NORTH PAKISTAN
SAnd analysed the losses by leak
from
channels
without
revestimiento, in the basin of the
Indo in north Pakistan. In this
equation, the relation between the
losses by leak by mile and the
channel of download of the channel
gives of the following way:

S = 0.04 (Q)0.68

Where
1.8.
S = Losses by leak in cusec (ft3/seg), by
mile of channel.
Q = Channel of download in cusec
(ft3/seg).

IT FORMULATES OF PAVLOVSKI
(1924)

Where:
1.6.

FORMULA PAKISTANIAN

K Is the coefficient of permeability

m3/seg.
b= Wide background
d= Strut

S = 5.Q 0.0652.P.L/106

z= talud

Donde:
S: The losses by leak.
Q: The download (m3 / seg).
P: The wet perimeter.
L: length of the channel in ft.
1.7.

1.9.

IT FORMULATES OF T. INGHAM
Developed by the author in 1896 in
base to observations in channels of
the Indian.

FORMULA OF HUNGARY.

S=1700*da*H*(b+ H*So)
Where:

Where:
P = Stray in m3/seg/km
d = Strut m
b = Wide of the bottom
z = tangente Of the angle of the
talud with the vertical

S: It is the prdidace by leak in m3 /

day /by metre of length of the channel
Da: it is the diameter of effective size of
the grains of the floor
H: The depth of the water
1.10. FORMULA OF PUNJAB
b: The width of the inferior part of the
At present used (1967)
channel; therefore: the slope of the
mulch.
This equation uses to calculate the
losses by leak of trapezoidal channel.

Being Q the discharge in m3/seg

and

CP

value

that

varies

according to the floor.

Floors very permeable 0.03
Common floors 0.02
Waterproof floors 0.01

It FORMULATES OF KOSTIAKOV
(Book in Spanish)

C
Where:

P = Losses in m3/s-km
d = Coefficient that representa the
permeability in m/s
V = Half speed in m/s
b = base width in m
y = strut in m.
z = talud

b
P = Stray in m3/s/km
d = Strut m
b = Wide of the bottom
m = tangente Of the angle of the talud with MATERIAL
the vertical.
Concrete thickness of 10 cm
K= Coefficient of permeability in m/s. Clay with thickness of 15 cm
1.12.

Clay floor
It FORMULATES OF ECHEVERRYClayey soil Grdfico
(Book in Spanish)
Loamy soil
Sandy loam soil
Silty clay
Where:
Sand

P= Stray m3/s.km
Ce= Coefficient of permeability
1.14. FORMULA DAVIS And WILSON
d :Strut (and)
(Book in Groins)
b=Wide of the solera
These authors suggest the following
m=tangente Of the angle of the talud with
formula for the estimate of the leaks
the vertical.
in channels revestidos and no
revestidos.
KIND OF SOIL
Ce
Clayey
0.25 0.50
Clay loam
0.50 0.75
Silty and frank
0.75 1.00
Where:
Loamy
1.00 1.50
Fine sand
1.50 1.75
S = Is the leak, in m3 / seg / m of wet
Coarse sand
2.00 2.50
surface (perimeter) of the channel.
Gravels
2.50 6.00
h = Is the depth of the water, in
metres.
V = is the speed of the flow in the
channel, in m / s.
1.13.
FORMULA DAVIS And WILSON
C = is a numerical coefficient = 3.5
(Book in Spanish)
Formula for the estimate of the leaks in
channels revestidos and no revestidos.

Where:

2. ECUACION ANALYTICAL
2.1. MOLESWORTH And YENNIDUNIA
Analytical formulas deduce to
estimate the losses by leak that are
written of the following way:

Where:
S:=Thep rdida of the leak in
m3/s/km.

Cd
1
4
12
15
20
25
30
40 - 70

S=
loss

0.37510
R 1.166i 0.5
of

infiltration
1
arcilloso in m .

: The factors of
in

the

floor

S=

0.7510
R 1.166i 0.5

The

factor

losses by leak in sandy floors.

R= The hydraulic radius.
i = The slope of the mulch

of