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TITLES
CONTENT NOTES
DOCUMENTING SOURCES
9.1
PARENTHETICAL DOCUMENTATION
9.1.1
9.1.2
ONLINE SOURCES
9.1.3
9.2
9.2.1
MONOGRAPHIC BOOKS
9.2.2
9.2.3
JOURNAL ARTICLES
9.2.4
ONLINE SOURCES
9.2.5
9.2.6
9.2.7
LECTURES
9.2.8
10 FINAL NOTE
Titles
within titles:
Note that, in English, all words in titles are capitalised, with the
conventions).
not attempt to write PECs on texts that you have not read!
secondary source.
written.
Conversely,
including
abundant
bibliographic
need to make changes to it, your original plan will make the
writing process a lot easier.
reading the primary source (when you have your own ideas
about it) and after writing the first draft of your text. Your draft
Since PECs are short (300-400 words), you will need to be very
quotation marks.
and prose quotations longer than four lines are set off from
left margin.
constructive feedback.
I carried the knife in, and my master asked to give it him, and I was
not a little glad that I had anything he would accept of, and be
pleased with. [. . .]. My son being now about a mile from me, I
asked liberty to go and see him; they bade me go, and away I went;
but quickly lost myself, traveling over hills and through swamps,
and could not find the way to him.
Content Notes
If you touch on various aspects, make sure that the final version
Documenting Sources
All the details about the sources used must appear at the
parentheses.
9.1
PARENTHETICAL DOCUMENTATION
to
Charles
Child
Walcutts
American
Literary
9.2
If you have used more than one source by the same author, you
will need to distinguish sources in order to avoid confusion.
Either in the main text or in parentheses, include the works title
between the authors name and the page numbers (the authors
punctuated as follows:
Child Walcutt, Charles. American Literary Naturalism,
a Divided Stream. Saint Paul, MN: Minnesota Archive
Editions, 1956.
the same order as they appear on the title page. The entry
begins with the first authors family name, with the other
works cited should begin with the editors name, followed by the
abbreviation ed.:
the entry begins with the authors name and the title of that
For online articles that have not appeared in print, after the
authors name and the title, add the date when the article
These entries begin with the authors name (as above) and the
If you refer to an entire web site include, after its name, the name
These entries begin with the name of the artist (for musical
9.2.7 Lectures
Works Cited
Al-Shalabi, Nazmi. Nathaniel Hawthorne as an Artist: The
Use of Color in The House of the Seven Gables.
American Studies Today Online. 26 May 2010. Web. 3
October 2010
<http://www.americansc.org.uk/Online/Gablecol.html>.
Atlantis Online. AEDEAN (The Spanish Association of
Anglo-American Studies). 2010. Web. 03 October
2010 <http://www.atlantisjournal.org/>.
Baym, Nina, ed. The Norton Anthology of American
Literature. 7th ed. New York: Norton, 2007.
Bloom, Harold. Herman Melvilles Moby Dick. New York:
Infobase Publishing, 2007.
Britten, Benjamin. Billy Budd. Virgin Classics, 2008.
9
10
Final Note
10