Title:

Problem Solving and Creative Decision Making: The Guide to

an Effective Leading

I. Rationale

Problem solving is a mental process which is the concluding part of the larger problem process
that includes problem finding and problem shaping where problem is defined as a state of desire for the
reaching of a definite goal from a present condition that either is not directly moving toward the goal, is far
from it or needs more complex logic for finding a missing description of conditions or steps toward the
goal. Other defined it as a higher-order cognitive process that requires the modulation and control of more
routine or fundamental skills. On the other hand, decision making defined as an act of choosing one
alternative from among a set of alternatives. Some said that a decision has to be made and then secondly
identify a set of feasible alternatives before they select one. Decision-making process includes: recognizing
and defining the nature of a decision situation identifying alternatives choosing the best alternative and
putting it into practice. Nowadays, lot of students specially the leaders are choosing the wrong path in
selecting decision but then, with this training, students will learn to choose the best alternative solution and
guide them to succession.

II. Objectives

At the end of the seminar, participants are expected to:

1. Identify the basic principles of Problem Solving and Decision Making.
2. Explain the current problem solving and decision making situation faced in the
school or in the group.
3. Analyze innovative and structured process problem solving approaches in
practical scenarios
4. Assess alternative solution options effectively;
5. Evaluate the best possible decision making route with the identified current
problem at school or group; and
6. Decide how to solve an identified team/group problem through a role
playing/presentation.
III. Course Content

The following are the subject matters to be discussed:

Problem Solving is defined as a higher-order cognitive process that requires the modulation and
control of more routine or fundamental skills. It is a mental process which is the concluding part of the
larger problem process that includes problem finding and problem shaping where problem is defined
as a state of desire for the reaching of a definite goal from a present condition that either is not directly
moving toward the goal
Problem-solving techniques are usually called problem solving strategies.
Abstraction: solving the problem in a model of the system before applying it to the real
system.
Analogy: using a solution that solved an analogous problem.
Brainstorming: suggesting a large number of solutions or ideas and combining and
developing them until an optimum solution is found.
Lateral thinking: approaching solutions indirectly and creatively
Fractionalization / Divide and conquer: breaking down a large, complex problem into
smaller, solvable problems
Hypothesis testing: assuming a possible explanation to the problem and trying to prove (or,
in some contexts, disprove) the assumption
Means-ends analysis: choosing an action at each step to move closer to the goal
Morphological analysis: assessing the output and interactions of an entire system.
Reduction: transforming the problem into another problem for which solutions exist.
Research: employing existing ideas or adapting existing solutions to similar problems.
Root cause analysis: eliminating the cause of the problem
Trial-and-error: testing possible solutions until the right one is found
Proof: try to prove that the problem cannot be solved. The point where the proof fails will be
the starting point for solving it
Creative Problem Solving is a method for approaching a problem or a challenge in an
imaginative and innovative way. It is a special form of problem solving in which the solution is
independently created rather than learned with assistance.
Categories of Creative Problem Solving Techniques
Creativity techniques designed to shift a persons mental state into one that fosters creativity
Creativity techniques designed to reframe the problem
Creativity techniques designed to increase the quantity of fresh ideas.
Creative-problem-solving techniques designed to efficiently lead to a fresh perspective that
causes a solution to become obvious
Creative Problem Solving Process is a structured method for generating novel and useful
solutions to problems.
Explore the Challenge

OF - Objective Finding - Identify Goal, Wish or Challenge.

FF -Fact Finding - Gather Data Assess and review all the data that pertains to the
situation at hand.

PF - Problem Finding - Clarify the Problem.

Generate Ideas

IF - Idea Finding - Generating ideas is much more than brainstorming.

Prepare for Action

SF - Solution Finding Select and Strengthen Solutions.

AF - Acceptance Finding - In this step, look at whos responsible, what has to be done
by when, and what resources are available in order to realize this idea as a fullfledged, activated solution.
Decision Making is the act of choosing one alternative from among a set of alternatives. It also defined
as the most basic and fundamental of all managerial activities.Decision making is most closely linked
with the Planning function. However, it is also part of Organizing, Leading and Controlling
Decision Making Process
Recognizing and defining the nature of a decision situation.
Identifying alternatives
Choosing the best alternative
Putting it into practice
Types of Decision
Programmed decision is one that is fairly structured or recurs with some frequency.
Non-programmed decision is one that is unstructured and occurs much less often than a
programmed decision.
Decision-Making Conditions
Decision Making Under Certainty
Decision Making Under Risk
Decision Making Under Uncertainty
Classical Decision Model is an approach to decision making that tells individual how they should
make decisions.
Rational Decision Making
Recognizing and defining the decision situation
Identifying alternatives
Evaluating alternatives
Selecting an alternative
Implementing the chosen alternative
Following up

IV. Methodology
The following are the methodologies to be used in the training program:
Discussion
Lecture
Brainstorming
Case Method
Work Group
Games
Demonstration

Materials
The materials to be used are the following:
Note pad
Ballpen
Work Book
Book in Case Analysis for Leader

V. Training Staff/Resource Persons

The following are the members of the Training Staff:
Mr. Christian C. Gravador - Training Coordinator. He is a regular College
Students in the Cavite State University-General Trias Campus. Hes taking
Psychology Psychology Course.
Ms. Louziela P. Masana, MA, RPm - Training Facilitator. She is one of the
Department chair in the Cavite State University General Trias City Campus. She
also handles Psychology subjects.

The following are the members of the Training Team:

Zander Von T. Baylon, Rpm, ICAP I - Resource Speaker
He is a professionally qualified and highly experienced coach and researcher
with extensive skills in leadership development, organizational development, executive
coaching, personal development, team building, workshop facilitation and research. He
is a qualified resource speaker in decision making because his current research about
the ethical decision making for psychology professional tomorrow. He was currently
working at New Day Recovery Center, Inc. as the Case Manager.
Mr. Zander earned his AB Psychology at University of Southern Mindanao and
he was currently taking his masteral degree in Clinical Psychology at San Pedro College
- Davao City.

Dr. Leonora Salamat Landucho- Resource Person

She is a professionally qualified and highly experienced academician and
researcher with extensive experiences in teaching Humanities, Literature, Technical
writing, English and other Education-related subjects. She is a much acclaimed trainer
for visual arts such as graphic design, photography, printing and painting. She has
established her own school for children to cultivate their skills in visual arts.
Dr. Landucho earned her AB major in Fine Arts at St. Joseph's College, her M.A.
in Humanities-College Teaching at the Philippine Normal University and her PhD in Fine
Arts where she graduated Summa Cum Laude at the University of the Philippines.
Mr. Daniel Honasan Cabalu- Resource Person
He is currently the chair of Humanities and Social Sciences Department,
Technological Institute of the Philippines, Manila. He is also presently working on his
PhD in Fine Arts from MLQU. He earned his BS Fine Arts degree in Lyceum of the
Philippines and his MA in Education degree at the Philippine College of Health and
Sciences and additional units in MA Social Studies at the Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng

Maynila. Mr. Cabalu has taught Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities for the past 7
years with superb and excellent delivery, in schools like Fatima College at the Central
College of the Philippines, Jose Rizal University and Emilio Aguinaldo College.
VI. Participants
The following are the participants of the training program:
One hundred college students age 18-30 and was currently in the position of
president or vice president in their respective organization. There will be no other
requirements and anyone can join the Workshop. Each participant will pay Php500.00
for the 1-day training.
VII. Venue
Problem Solving and Creative Decision Making: The Guide to an Effective
Leading will be held in the Municipal Audio Visual Room General Trias City, Cavite,
Philippines. The 1-day Painting Workshop will start on March 18, 2016 from 8:00 am
5:00 pm.

VIII. Work Program

Before the training:

Practice, preparation

The following comprise the work schedule of the Training Outline:

8:00 am-9:00 am9:00 am-9:05 am9:05 am-9:10 am9:10 am-9:20 am9:20 am-9:25 am9:25 am-11:00 am-

Registration
Prayer
National Anthem
Opening Remarks
Introduction of the First Speaker
Discussion: Problem Solving Techniques

11:00 am -11:30 am-Forum

11:30 am -1:00 pm1:00 pm-1:15 pm1:15 pm-1:20 pm1:20 pm-2:30 pm-

Lunch Break
Dance Number
Introduction of the Second Speaker
Discussion:Creative Decision Making

2:30 pm-2:45 pm2:45 pm-3:15 pm3:15 pm-3:50 pm-

Forum
Snack
Work Group (Case Study and Decision Making)

3:50 pm-4:10 pm4:10 pm-4:50 pm4:50 pm-4:55 pm4:55 pm-5:00 pmAfter the training:

Energizer
Presentation of Output
Closing Remarks
Awarding of Certificate
evaluation, documentation, proceedings

IX. Program Costs

Problem Solving and Creative Decision Making: The Guide to an Effective
Leading will have this budget:
Materials:
Note Pad-Php15 each =Php1,500.00
Ballpen-Php7.00 each=Php700.00
Workbook-Php50.00 each=Php5,000.00
Book in case analysis -Php250.00 each=Php25,000
Venue- Php1,000.00
Trainers Fee- Php18,000.00
4 Trainers for 9 hours per/day for 1 day
Php500 per/ hour
1 Trainer gets Php4,500 in 1 days
Php9,000 x 4 trainers= Php18,000.00
Trainers Meals and Snacks- Php800.00
Php200 per trainer a day for 1 day
Php200 x 4 trainers= Php800.00

Participant's Meals and Snacks

Php150 per participant a day for 1 day
Php150.00 x 100 participants=Php15,000.00

Note Pad- Php1,500.00

Ballpen- Php700.00
Workbook- Php5,000.00
Book in case analysis - Php25,000
Venue -Php 1,000
Trainers Fee- Php 18,000.00
Trainers' Meals and Snacks-Php800.00
Participants' Meals and Snacks-Php15,000.00
Subtotal =

Php62,500

The contingency not to exceed 10% of the cost

10% of Php62,500,100 is Php6,250.00
Php 6,250.00 + Php62,500.00 = Php68,750.00
Grand Total= Php58,410

Republic of the Philippines

CAVITE STATE UNIVERSITY
General Trias Campus
Brgy. Vibora, General Trias, Cavite
DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGES, HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES

SAMPLE PROPOSAL

TITLE
Problem Solving and Creative Decision Making: The Guide to an Effective
Leading

By:
CHRISTIAN C. GRAVADOR
BSP-III