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SeparatorsinDynamics
MainFlowsheet
PFDStencil

General
Separatorsmodelpressurevesselsindynamics.Thevesselsmaybeusetoseparatephases,ormerelyas
buervolumes.

Therearefouravorsofseparators:
Separator
SeparatorLLV
MultiFeedSep2
MultiFeedSep3
Inaddiontoallowingmulplefeeds,theMulFeedSepallowstheusertospecifyDutyorOutletTand
DeltaP.
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Summary(Tab)
MainData

InQ
Theexternaldutyappliedtotheseparator(shownonlyforseparatorswithmulplefeeds).
OutletT
Speciestheholduptemperaturefortheseparator,whichimpliesthattheoutletswillhavethesame
temperatureunlessthereispressurechangebecauseofkinecenergy.
DeltaP
Apressuredropthatwillbeappliedtoallfeedstreams(ifspecied).Thisitemisshownonlyforseparators
withmulplefeeds.
PercentLevel
Thelevelpercentofthebodyheightofthelightliquid.
Level
Thelevelofthelightliquid.
Boot/Heavy%Level
Thelevelpercentofthebootheightoftheheavyliquid(mainbodyifnobootspecied).
Boot/HeavyLevel
Theleveloftheheavyliquid.
HeatLossCalcType
Thetypeofheatlosscalculaonrequired.SelecnganythingotherthanNonemakestheHeatLossTabvisible
wheredatacanthenbeentered.
EntrainmentMode
Thetypeofentrainmentcalculaonrequired.Indynamics,entrainmentmustbeproductbased.Selecngan
entrainmentoponmakestheEntrainmenttabvisible,wheredatacanthenbeentered.

SeparatorConfiguration
Formodelingpurposes,aseparatorisassumedtobehorizontalorvercalcylinder,withanoponalvercal
cylinderfortheboot.Ifonlythevolumeisspecied,adefaultL/Dof2.0willbeassumed.Fortheboot,a
defaultL/Dof1.0willbeassumed.
Also,theseparatorheaddesignisselectedandtheheadgeometryisspeciedrespecvely.

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Orientation
Theseparatororientaonvercalorhorizontal.
SlugCatcher
EnablesseleconofSlugCatcher
HeadDesign

Ellipsoidal

Thisisusedtomodelellipcalheadswithdefaultaxisrao=2:1onaseparator.
None

Thisisusedwhenendsarecompletelyat.
Custom

Thisisusedtomodeltorisphericalheadsoftheseparatorwithuserspeciedcrownradiusandknuckleradius.
Flat

Thisisusedtomodelatheads.Hereknuckleradius=min(0.06*OD,3*thickness),crownradius=1.3*OD.
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Dished

Here,endsaresphericalseconwithdefaultcrownradius=OD
DINToriSpherical

Here,knuckleradius=0.1*OD,crownradius=OD.
DinSemiEllipsoidal

Here,knuckleradius=0.154*OD,crownradius=0.8*OD
ASMEF&D

Here,knuckleradius=min(0.06*OD,3*thickness),crownradius=OD.
HeadAxisRatio
Thisisusedtomodelellipcalheadsonaseparator.Thevalueistheraooftheminortothemajoraxisfor
theellipse.Atypicalvaluewouldbe0.5,whichimpliesthattheellipcalporonoftheseparatorextendsout
ofthediameterbeyondthetangentline.
Notethatifthisfeatureisused,theseparatorLengthdenesthedistancebetweenthetanlines.I.e.Total
Length=Length+HeadAxisRao*Diameter
Iftheseparatorhasaboot,theHeadAxisRaoappliestotheboomofthebootalso,andisbasedonthe
BootDiameter.
Reportedlevelsareimpactedbythisopon.Foraboot,thelevelisreportedasafraconofthedistancefrom
theboomoftheellipcalheadtothetopoftheboot.Foravercalseparator,levelisreportedbasedonthe
TotalLengthoftheseparator.
Length
Theseparatorlength.
Diameter
Theseparatordiameter.
Volume
Thetotalseparatorvolume(includingbootvolume).
L/DRatio
Thelengthtodiameterraooftheseparator.
Thickness
Thewallthickness(headsareassumedequalthickness)
BootLength
Theheightoftheboot.
BootDiameter
Thediameteroftheboot.
BootVolume
Thebootvolume.
LevelControl

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InternalLevelCtl

Enablesinternallevelcontrolusingtheliquidproductowrate.
BootInternLevCtl

Enablesbootinternallevelcontrolusingtheheavyliquidproductowrate.
UpperLevelTap

Thelocaonoftheleveltapsontheseparator.
LowerLevelTaps

Thelocaonoftheleveltapsontheseparator.
UpperBootLevelTaps

Thelocaonofthebootleveltapsontheseparator.
LowerBootLevelTaps

Thelocaonofthebootleveltapsontheseparator.

MaterialSummary
Thisframeshowsthecondions,composionandproperesofthematerialattheinletandoutlet.The
ConnectedStream/UnitOpdisplaysthestreamsorunitsaachedtotheinletandoutletoftheunitoperaon.

Advanced(Tab)
Geometry

Inclination
Theseparatorangleofinclinaon090:Inletishigher,90180:Outletishigher(Seebelowformore
details).
CrownRadius
Theradiusofthecrownporonofatorisphericalhead.
KnuckleRadius
Theradiusofknuckleporonofatorisphericalhead.
SphericalLimit
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Thewidthofthesphericalporonofatorisphericalhead.
KnuckleHeight
Theheightoftheknuckleporonofatorisphericalhead.
CrownHeight
Theheightofthecrownporonofatorisphericalhead.

LiquidCarryover

TerminalVaporVelocity
Anesmateoftheterminalvaporvelocity.
VaporVelocity
Thecurrentvaporvelocityintheseparator.

MoredetailsforSeparatorsInclination

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HeatLoss(Tab)
Heatlosscalculatorsareusedtocalculateheatlossfromequipmentsuchasseparatorsandheatexchangers.
Therearedierentcalculatorswithvaryinglevelsofinformaonrequirementsanddelity.Theyareselected
by:

HeatLossCalcType

SimpleHeatLoss
ThismodelscalculatesheatlossusinganoverallQ=UA*deltaTmodel.

Duty
Calculatedduty.
UA
Overallheattransferfactor.
U
Theoverallheattransfercoecient.
Area
Theinnerareaforheattransfer.
ProcessT
Theweightedaverageprocesssidetemperature.
OutsideData

Selectbetweenusingtheglobalambienttemperatureandaspeciedvalue.
AmbientTemperature

Theglobalambienttemperature.
OutsideT

UsethistospecifythetemperatureifSpecifyoponisselected.
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OutsideT
Theoutsidetemperatureeithertheuserspeciedvalueortheambienttemperature.

DetailedHeatLoss
Thismodelcalculatesheatlossbasedspeciedvaluesfortheequipmentwalllayers

Duty
Calculatedduty.
ProcessT
Theweightedaverageprocesssidetemperature.
OutsideTempSource

Selectbetweenusingtheglobalambienttemperatureandaspeciedvalue.
AmbientTemperature

Theglobalambienttemperature.
OutsideT

UsethistospecifythetemperatureifSpecifyoponisselected.
LayerCount
Thenumberoflayersofmaterialintheequipmentwall.

HeatTransferCoeff
InthisframetheHeatTransferCoecientsarespecied.

InnerHTCorr

HeattransfercorrelaonforInnerHeatTransferCoecient.Choicesare:
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Constant(default)
FreeConvFreeConvectionsuitableforestimatingheattransferwherevelocitiesarelow,
suchasforseparators.IfPhaseZoneisselected(seebelow),heattransfercoefficientswillbe
calculatedonaphasebasis.Otherwiseanoverallcoefficientwillbecalculatedusingbulk
properties.
InnerHTC
Theheattransfercoecientbetweentheprocessuidandtheinnerwall.
InnerHTCScale
ScaletobeappliedtothecalculatedInnerHTCvalue.NotethatthereportedHTCvalueistheunscaledvalue,
butthatthescaledvaluewillbeusedtocalculateheatduty.
OuterHTC
Theheattransfercoecientbetweentheouterwallandthesurroundings.

RadiantHeatTransfer

Informaonrelatedtotheradiantheattransferinsideandoutsidetheseparatorisdenedwithinthisframe.
DoInnerRadiantCalc
Checkingthisoponincludesradiantheattransferontheinsideoftheseparator.Theradiantheattransferis
drivenbyanequaontakingintoaccounttheprocesstemperature,innerwalltemperature,innerprocess
emissivity,andthewallemissivity(Kern,1950).

InnerProcessEmissivity
Theemissivityoftheinnerprocessuidisenteredhereandshouldbeavaluebetween0and1.Esmatesof
thisvaluecanbedeterminedbasedonconsideraonssuchasuidcomposionandaverageprocess
temperature(BahadoriandVuthaluru,2009).
InnerWallEmissivity
Theemissivityoftheinnerwallisenteredinthissignalportforinternalradiantheattransfercalculaons.An
examplewouldbeanemissivityof0.79foranoxidizedsteelat~600C,or0.28foramildmoltensteelsurface
~1600C(Hewi,Shires,andBo,1994).
DoOuterRadiantCalc
Checkingthisoponincludesradiantheattransferontheoutsideoftheseparator.
RadiantHTMethod
Themethodusedtocalculatetheradiantheattransferontheoutsideoftheseparator.
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GreyBody

Thesameequaonastheinnerradiantcalculaon.Theradiantheattransferisdrivenbyanequaontaking
intoaccounttheprocesstemperature,outerwalltemperature,outerprocessemissivity,andthewall
emissivity(Kern,1950).
ISOFireHeat

Theradiantheattransferisdrivenbyanequaontakingintoaccounttheprocesstemperature,outerwall
temperature,outerprocessemissivity,andthewallemissivityandabsorpvitygiveninISO/DIS23251.

OuterProcessEmissivity
Theemissivityoftheouterprocessuidisenteredhereandshouldbeavaluebetween0and1.Esmatesof
thisvaluecanbedeterminedbasedonconsideraonssuchasuidcomposionandaverageambient
temperature(BahadoriandVuthaluru,2009).
OuterWallEmissivity
Theemissivityoftheouterwallisenteredinthissignalportforouterradiantheattransfercalculaons.
OuterWallAbsorptivity
Theabsorpvityoftheouterwallisenteredinthissignalpointforouterradiantheattransfercalculaons.
ThisvalueisonlyusediftheRadiantHTMethodissettoISOFireHeat.

DetailedHeatLoss.Layers

LayerName
Anameforeachwalllayer.VMGSimprovidesdefaultnames.
Density
Thewallmaterialdensity.RequiredsothatVMGSimcancalculatetheoverallheatcapacity.Defaultvalue
suppliedisformildsteel.
HeatCapacity
Thespecicheatcapacityforthewallmaterial.Defaultvaluesuppliedisformildsteel.
ThermalConductivity
Thethermalconducvityforthewallmaterial.Defaultvaluesuppliedisformildsteel.
Thickness
Thewallthicknessforeachlayer.

WallsDetailed

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Area
Theareaforheattransferateachboundarybetweenlayers.Ifyouhavetwolayers,thesewouldbethe
boundariesbetweenprocess/layer1,layer1/layer2andlayer2/outside.
Forsomeequipmenttypessuchasseparators,VMGSimcalculatesthesebasedonthesuppliedequipment
geometry.
Duty
Theheatuxacrosseachlayerboundary(correspondtotheboundarieswhereareasarespecied).
Temperature
Thetemperatureateachlayerboundary.Foratwolayercase,theseboundarieswouldbelocatedatlayer1
inner,layer1/layer2,andlayer2outer.

PhaseZoneLoss
Thisoponisavailableonlyforequipmenttypeswheredetailedgeometryinformaonisavailable.
Thismodelissimilartothedetailedheatlossmodel,exceptthatitallowsforthespecicaonofdierent
heattransfercoecientsdependingontheuidphaseincontactwiththeequipmentwall.Itcalculatesand
reportsheatlossforeachzone,andalsoreportstheoverallheatloss.
Theareaassociatedwitheachzoneisspeciedasafraconoftheoverallarea,andiscalculatedbythe
VMGSimbasedongeometryanduidlevels.
RadiantHeatTransfercanbeselectedforPhaseZoneLoss.Inthiscase,theusermustprovideemissiviesfor
eachphasezone.

Roof/Wall/FloorZoneLoss
ThismodelissimilartoPhaseZoneloss.However,ontheoutsideoftheseparator,thezonesaretheroof,wall,
andooroftheseparator,ratherthanthevaporandliquidweedregions.

Depressuring(Tab)
VoidFractionCalculation
Voidfraconcalculatorsareusedwhenperformingdepressuringstudies.Duringasuddendepressuringofa
separator,vaporbubblesformintheliquid,causingtheliquidtoexpand.Asaresult,atopblowdownmay
haveentrainedliquid,eveniftheliquidsurfacewasiniallybelowthenozzle.Thevoidfraconintheliquid
canbecorrelatedasafunconofthebubblerisevelocity,andthevaporsupercialvelocityabovethe
interface.
TheDepressuringtabontheseparatorallowstheseleconofvoidfraconcalculator:[Simple,Bubbly,Churn,
TopBias].
Simpleisthedefault,whichusetheunexpandedliquidleveltodeterminethevaporfraconinthenozzle.
Bubblyusestheformula

whereistheaveragevoidfraconandC0isatuningconstant.
ChurnTurbulentusestheformula
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TopBiasassumesthatthereisadeadzoneattheboomoftheliquidwhichdoesnotexpand.Itusesthe
sameexpansionformulaastheChurnTurbulentmodel.
TheBubblymodelassumesauniformbubbledistribuoni.e.thevoidfraconatthesurfaceisthesameas
thebulkvoidfracon.FortheChurn/TopBiasmodels,thevoidfraconatthesurfaceisgivenby

Notethatthesecorrelaonsaredesignedforablowdownscenariotheyuseonlythevaporsupercial
velocityandbubblerisevelocityascorrelangparameters.Ifyouenablethesecorrelaonsforother
scenarios,suchasnormalvapor/liquidseparaon,youwillmostlikelysignicantlyoverpredicttheliquid
expansion,andresultsmaybeincorrect.
InputData

VoidFracCalcType
Selectoneof[Simple,Bubbly,Churn,TopBias].Simpleisthedefault,andimpliesnoliquidexpansion.
VoidFraction
Thisisthecalculatebulkvoidfracon.
SurfaceVoidFraction
Thisisthecalculatedsurfacevoidfracon.
TuningParam
ThisistheC0parameterintheformulas.
FracNonBoiling
Thisistheheightofthenonboilingregionexpressedasafraconoftheseparatorvercaldimension.
ReportedLevels

Boththeexpandedlevelsandtheequivalentclearliquidlevelsarereported.
Reference
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Fisher,H.G.etal,EmergencyReliefSystemDesignUsingDIERSTechnology,AIChE,1992,pp529

FireHeatcalculation

Fireheatcalculaonallowstheusertocalculatetheheatloadonapressurevesselinarescenario.There
heatinputcalculaonsshouldnormallybeusedinconjunconwithaheatlossmodel.

Ifnoheatlossmodelispresent,thecalculatedreheatinputdutyisaddeddirectlytotheprocessuidinthe
vessel.Ifaheatlossmodelispresent,thereheatinputdutyreplacesthecalculateddutybetweentheouter
surfaceofthevesselandthesurroundings.

AsanalternavetoaFireHeatCalculaon,onecanuseRadiantHeatTransferintheDetailedorPhaseZone
HeatLossModel,andspecifytheoutsidetemperaturetobetheesmatedametemperature.
CalculatorActive
Checkthistoenablethecalculaons.
Duty
Thetotalcalculatedheatuxfromtheretothevessel.
Formula
AreaPower

Q=(Const2)*A(Const1)
Generic

Q=Const1+Const2*IntegratorTime+Const3*(Const4TVessel)+Const5*WeedAreaPercent/
NominalWeedAreaPercent
RadiantHeatInput

Q=Const2
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Thisoponallowsforaddionalheatinput/lossesfromthevesseloutersurfacei.e.thenetheatuxto
theoutersurfaceingeneralwillnotmatchthespeciedvalue.Ifyouneedaxedheatux,chooseoneof
thetwooponsabove.
Thisoponcanbeused,e.gtomodelsolarradiaonontheoutsideofthevessel.Thesolarradiaonwillbe
balancedagainstalltheotherheatlosscontribuonstodeterminenetheatloss/gain.
AreaType
Total

Theenrevesselsurfaceareaisusedintheformula.
WettedNominal

Thefraconoftheareawhichisincontactwithliquidontheprocesssideisused.Theuserwishestospecify
thisfracon.
WettedActual

Thefraconoftheareawhichisincontactwithliquidontheprocesssideisused.Thesimulatorcalculates
thisfracon.
Area
Thetotalareaofthevessel.
WettedArea
Theareaofthevesselwhichisincontactwithliquidontheprocessside.
Const1Const2
Thecorrelangparametersfortheheatcalculaonformula.

Entrainment(Tab)
Thistabisusedtocongurecarryoverfornonidealseparatorsinwhichtheproductsarenotpurephases.

CalculationType
Denesthetypeofspecicaonsusedtodeneentrainment.

NoEntrainment

Theseparaonisassumedtobeideal(nocarryover).
FeedBased

Feedbasedisnotavailableindynamics.
ProductBased

Enablesvariablestospecifytheamountofcarryoverineachproduct.Thesevariablesarecontainedinthe
SengsandEntrainmentframes.
BasiscanhaveanyvaluefromMole,MassandActualVolumeanditisusedtodenethebasisofthe
entrainmentspecicaon.
SpecicaonTypemustbePercentindynamics.
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ThenumberofvariablesintheEntrainmentframedependsonthenumberofphasesbeingusedinthe
separator.Forexample,aseparatorfor2liquidphaseswithnosolidswillexposesixvariableslabeled,Vapin
LightLiq,VapinHeavyLiq,LightLiqinVap,LightLiqinHeavyLiq,HeavyLiqinVap,HeavyLiqinLight
Liq.

Nozzles(Tab)
Nozzlesmodeltheconneconpointsforunitoperaons,andmirrorthephysicalconneconpointsfor
equipment.Formanyapplicaons,thedefaultsengsfornozzlesprovidedbythesimulatoraresucient,
andnouserintervenonisrequired.Nozzlegeometryimpactsthesimulaoninthefollowingways:
Wherethephasefraconoftheuidleavingtheequipmentisdeterminedbythenozzlelocaonand
diametere.g.aseparator
Whenstacheadcalculaonsareenabled.Nozzleelevaonwillimpactthestacheadcontribuons.

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UnitOpElevation
Theelevaonrelavetogroundforthereferencelinefortheequipment.Allotherelevaonsarerelaveto
this.
FittingK
Specifythisifyouneedaddionalpressuredroptoaccountfornglosses.Thepressuredropiscalculated
from

Forpipes,gototheDetailTab,andeitherspecifyKthere,orselectthengtype.
Diameter
Thenozzlediameter.Forunitoperaonsthathavephysicaldimensions,suchastheseparator,thediameter
defaultsto5%ofthevercaldimension.Forotherunitoperaons,thediameterdefaultsto50mm.
Elevation
Specifyoneof:
Elevation

Thenozzleelevaonrelavetotheequipmentbaseline.
Elev.RelGround
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Thenozzleelevaonabovegroundlevel(Seebelowformoredetails).
ElevPercent

Theelevaonisspeciedasapercentageofthevercaldimensionoftheequipment.Thisoponis
convenient,butcanbeusedonlyforequipmentsuchasseparatorsthathaveavercaldimension.
Efficiency

Thetypeofeciencycalculaonrequired.SelecngEquilibriumwillsetallvaluesto100%,whileselecng
Zerowillsetallvaluestozero.
Thisspecicaonaectswhatpercentageofthefeedwillbeashedtogetherwiththeholdupcontents,and
whatpercentagewillbypasstheashandmixdirectlywiththecorrespondingphaseintheholdup.
Seealsotheexplanaonaboutholdupecienciesintheseconbelow.
StaticHeadCalcStatus
Thisreportswhetherstacheadcalculaonsareenabledornot.Tochangethebehavior,gototheowsheet
form(Sengs|DoStacHeadCalcs).
InternalStaticHead
Thisisthestacheaddierencebetweenthenozzleandtheholdupreferencepoint.Nozzlepressure+stac
head=holdupreferencepressure.Onlycalculated/reportedifenabledonowsheetform(Sengs|DoStac
HeadCalcs).
ExternalStaticHead
Thisisthestacheaddierencebetweenthenozzle,andthenozzleonanotherunitoperaonthatis
connectedtothisnozzle.Upstreamnozzlepressure+stachead=downstreamnozzlepressure.Only
calculated/reportedifenabledonowsheetform(Sengs|DoStacHeadCalcs).
KineticHeadCalcStatus
Thisreportswhetherkinecheadcalculaonsareenabledornot.Tochangethebehavior,gototheowsheet
form(Sengs|DoKinecHeadCalcs).
KineticdP
Thedierenceinpressurebetweenthenozzleandtheholdupaributabletokinecenergy.Thisistheactual
pressurerecoveredorlost.Thismaydierfromreversibleconversionbecauseofentry/exitlosses.Only
calculated/reportedifenabledonowsheetform(Sengs|DoKinecHeadCalcs),andthenozzlediameter
isspecied.
Velocity
Thisreportsthecalculateduidvelocityinthenozzle.Thenozzlediametermustbespeciedforthe
calculaontotakeplace.
TotalPressure
ThisreportsthetotalpressureinNozzlethatincludesstachead,chokepressureandpressureaributableto
kinecenergy.
EnlargerAngle
Enlarger/ReducerAngleforfeednozzlescanbespeciedhere.

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MoredetailsforNozzleElevations

Holdup(Tab)

InitFrom

Youcaninializetheholdupusinganystreaminthesimulaon.Allproperesexceptlevels/molswillbe
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inializedtothestreamvalues.
Theinializaontakesplaceonceatthemethatyoumaketheselecon.Youcanrepeattheinializaon
fromthesamestreambyclickingthe

buonwhichappearsonceastreamhasbeenselected.

Summary

Volume
Theholdupvolume.Formostequipment,thisisspeciedorcalculatedontheSummaryTab,andisreported
hereforconvenience.
T
Theweightedaveragetemperatureintheholdup.Typingavaluewillinializeallphasetemperaturestothat
value.
P
TheholdupreferencepressureatwhichVLEcalculaonsareperformed.
MoleFraction

Thisnodecanbeexpandedtoviewthebulkholdupcomposion.ClickingintheareatotherightoftheMole
FraconLabel,ortypinginanyofthecomponentcellsbringsupaneditboxwhichallowseding/inializaon
oftheholdupcomposion.
Duty
Theheatdutyappliedtotheholdup.Thisiseitherspeciedattheunitoperaonlevel,orcalculatedbythe
unitoperaon.
Elevation
Thereferenceelevaonfortheholdup.
TotalMolInv
Thetotalnumberofmolspresentintheholdup.
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PhaseMolInv
Thenumberofmolsofeachphasepresentintheholdup.
TotalMassInv
Thetotalmasspresentintheholdup.
PhaseMassInv
Themassofeachphasepresentintheholdup.

EfficiencyType

Mostsimulaonmodelingisperformedusingtheassumponthatmaterialisatthermodynamicequilibrium.
Inreality,thismaynotbethecase,becauseoflowinterfacialmasstransfer.Onewaytomodelthisisusing
theconceptofeciencies.Ecienciesareusedinsteadystatemodelingtomoreaccuratelyrepresenttraysin
adisllaoncolumn.
Indynamics,ecienciescanbespeciedforallunitoperaonswhichprocessesmaterial.Theholduptab
allowsentryofnozzleecienciesandholdupeciencies.Nozzleecienciesmodelthedegreeofequilibrium
reachedbetweenmaterialenteringtheholdupandthematerialalreadyintheholdup.Holdupeciencies
modelthemovementtowardsequilibriumofthematerialalreadyintheholdup.Ecienciesarespeciedon
aperphasebasis,sincethedegreeofcontactandrateofmasstransfermaybedierentforeachphase.

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HoldupEfficiencies
HoldupecienciesarespeciedunderHoldup|Eciency.
EfficiencyType

EquilibriumAllphaseefficienciesare100%.
NoneAllphaseefficienciesare0%.
TimeThefirstordertimeconstantforeachphaseforreachingequilibrium.
EfficiencyAllphaseefficienciesaretheuserspecifiedvalue.
MassTransferArigorousmasstransfermodelisusedtomodelthedeparturefrom
equilibrium.
Ifyouwanttomodelanapproachtoequilibriumoverme,therecommendedEciencyTypeisMass
Transfer,asthisusesarigorousMaxwellStephanmodelforthemasstransferrates.Notethatthismodeldoes
nottakeintoaccountanyseparatorinternalstoaidtheapproachtoequilibrium.
Toachievebeercustomizaonoftheapproachtoequilibrium,selectTimeorEciency.Timeisthe
recommendedopon,asitisstepsizeindependent.Thisspeciesarstordermeconstanti.e.theme
thatittakestoproceed68%ofthedistancetowardsequilibrium.IfyouselectEciency,beawarethatthe
metoreachequilibriumwillbeimpactedbytheintegratorstepsize,becausetheholdupcontentswillmove
axedpercentagetowardsequilibriumeverymeaashcalculaonisperformed.
NozzleEfficiencies
NozzleecienciesarespeciedunderNozzles|[NozzleName]|Eciency.
EfficiencyType

EquilibriumAllphaseefficienciesare100%.
NoneAllphaseefficienciesare0%.
EfficiencyPhaseefficienciesaretheuserspecifiedvalues.
Nozzleefficienciescanbespecifiedforproductnozzlesaswell.Theseefficiencieswill
beusediftheflowreverses(i.e.theproductnozzlebecomesafeedtotheholdup).If
youhavespecifiednozzleefficienciesforfeednozzles,itisbestpracticetospecify
themforproductnozzlesaswell.

Level

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SeparatorsinDynamics

Thecalculatedliquidlevelsfortheunitoperaon/holdup.Iftheunitoperaonhasmorethanoneholdup,itis
thelevelsassociatedwiththisholdup.

EquilibriumResults(Tab)
Viewtheequilibriumresultsfortheportselectedinthepulldownmenu.

Notes(Tab)
Arichtexteditorwheretheusercanstorenotesrelatedtotheunitop.

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