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D E S I G N

D A T A

R E F E R E N C E

Roof Type

Self-Supporting
Cone Roof
1

Roof-to-Shell Joint Type

Non-frangible
2

Fabrication

1
Shop Fabricated

Purpose

Appendix J applicable.

Recycle AA Tank

Density of Contents

Dc

1040 kg/m3

Specific Gravity of Contents

1.04 -

Specific Gravity of Contents (For Appendix A Only)

G'

1.04 -

7 Grade 450
A 573M (A 573),
CS

Material
Material Group

Appendix S not applicable.

Group IV

Minimum Yield Strength

FYmin

240 MPa

Minimum Tensile Strength

FTmin

450 MPa

Modulus of Elasticity

Maximum Design Temperature

Tmax

150.0 oC

Minimum Design Temperature

Tmin

N/A oC

Allowable Product Design Stress at Design Temperature

Sd

160 MPa

Allowable Hydrostatic Test Stress at Design Temperature

St

180 MPa

Internal Pressure

Pi

5.00 kN/m ( kPa )

Appendix F applicable.

External Pressure

Pe

0.60 kN/m ( kPa )

Appendix V applicable.

Smallest of the allowable tensile stresses (Roof, Shell, Ring)

400 kN/m2 ( kPa )

High Liquid Level

H1

6.3 m

Bottom

CA

3.0 mm

Shell

CA

3.0 mm

Roof

CA

3.0 mm

Structure

CA

3.0 mm

Anchor Bolts

CA

3.0 mm

Nozzles, etc.

CA

3.0 mm

Roof Slope

Roof Angle

Outside Dia.

Do

4.512 m

Inside Dia.

Di

4.500 m

Nominal Dia. ( Inside Dia. + Shell Thk. )

Dn

4.506 m

Total Height

6.30 m

RCone

2.32 m

RDome

3.60 m

16.43 m2

Cone Roof Dish Radius


Dome Roof Dish Radius
Developed Area

0.8D
Cone

195000 MPa

API 650, Sec. 3, Cl. 3.6.2.1 ~ Table 3-2


API 650, Sec. 3, Cl. 3.6.2.2 ~ Table 3-2

10
14.0 Deg.

A'

0.56 m

Fluid Hold Down Weight

OK [ 9.46 deg. <= Theta <= 37 deg. ]

Check for Diameter in case of Appendix J

T J-1
0.56

FYstructure

Density

Den.

250 MPa
7850 kg/m3

Corroded

Uncorroded

Plates

6.33

10.13 kN

Stiffeners

0.00

0.00 kN

Purlins

0.00

0.00 kN

Cone

pDL/2

Plateform

0.00 kN

Frustum

p(D+d)L/2

Insulation

0.00 kN

Dome

pdh

Others

0.375

1022.252 kN

Yield Strength - Structural Parts

ROOF

Appendix M applicable.

Roof Height - Above Shell

DL

Table 3-2

15.00 kN
6.33
0.39

25.13 kN
1.53 kN/m2 ( kPa )

Based on 8 mm Roof Plate Thk.

SHELL

Top Angle

0.49

1.01 kN

Course(s)

20.60

41.21 kN

0.00

0.00 kN

Wind Girders
Ladder

0.00 kN

Insulation

0.00 kN

Others

0.00 kN

21.10

42.22 kN

1.28
ALL

2.57 kN/m2 ( kPa )

27.43

67.34 kN

1.67

4.10 kN/m2 ( kPa )


1.5 kN/m2 ( kPa )

Snow Load

0 kN/m2 ( kPa )

External Pressuer

Pe

0.60 kN/m2 ( kPa )

Basic Wind Speed

138 kph

ROOF

Superimposed

Lr

COMB1

DL + Lr + 0.4 x Pe

App. R

3.27 kN/m2 ( kPa )

COMB2

DL + 0.4 x Lr + Pe

App. R

2.73 kN/m2 ( kPa )

COMB3

DL + S + 0.4 x Pe

App. R

1.77 kN/m2 ( kPa )

COMB4

DL + 0.4 x S + Pe

App. R

2.13 kN/m2 ( kPa )

Max(COMB1:COMB4)

App.V

3.27 kN/m2 ( kPa )

Ps

App. V

1.01 kN/m2 ( kPa )


0.77 kN/m ( kPa )

Pr

App. V

W1

Table 3-21a

36.10 kN

W2

Table 3-21a

42.43 kN

W3

Table 3-21a

57.22 kN

M A T E R I A L

1.01

P R O P E R T I E S

PART

FYmin

Factor

FYmin'

FTmin

Factor

Ftmin'

Factor

E'

ROOF

240

1.00

240

450

1.00

450

195000

1.00

195000

SHELL

240

1.00

240

450

1.00

450

195000

1.00

195000

BOTTOM

240

1.00

240

450

1.00

450

195000

1.00

195000

STIFF.

250

1.00

250

400

1.00

400

195000

1.00

195000

ANCHOR

250

1.00

250

400

1.00

400

205000

1.00

205000

Desc.

J O I N T

E F F I C I E N C Y

Notation

Normal

Factor

Modified

JEb

1.00

1.00

1.00

Btm Plate

JEc

1.00

1.00

1.00

Comp. Ring

Butt Welded

JEr

1.00

1.00

1.00

Roof Plate

Spot Radiography

JEs

0.85

1.00

0.85

Shell Plate

JEst

0.70

1.00

0.70

Stiff. Splice

No Radiography

A P P L I C A B L E

A P P E N D I C E S

Yes

1 Optional Design Basis for Small Tanks

Yes

1 Seismic Design of Storage Tanks

Yes

1 Design of Tanks for Small Internal Pressures

No

2 Shop-Assembled Storage Tanks

Yes

1 Requirements for Tanks Operating at Elevated Temperatures

Yes

1 Load Combinations

No

2 Austenitic Stainless Steel Storage Tanks

Yes

1 Design of Storage Tanks for External Pressure

1.11

[Condition not satisfied stiffeners not required.]

Course #

S H E L L

D E S I G N

Width

Press.
Head

HL1'

td

tt

Max( td,t t )

tsmin

tsmin

tsmin

tsmin

*tused

Sdmax

Stmax

Wtr

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

MPa

MPa

3.6.3.2

3.6.3.2

3.6.3.2

3.6.1.1

A.4.1

J.3.3

V.8.1.3

3.6.1.2

3.9.7.2 & V.8.1.4

1.950

0.51

6.81

3.93

0.80

3.93

4.47

0.00

2.89

49.83

23.96

1.950

1.950

0.51

4.86

3.65

0.56

3.65

4.03

0.00

2.89

34.90

16.78

1.950

0.450

0.51

2.91

3.37

0.32

3.37

3.59

0.00

2.89

19.98

9.60

0.450

1.950

0.51

2.46

3.31

0.26

3.31

3.49

0.00

2.89

16.53

7.95

1.950

0.000

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.000

0.000

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.000

0.000

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.000

0.000

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.000

0.000

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.000

10

0.000

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.000

11

0.000

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.000

12

0.000

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.000

6.300

6.300
ts1 (mm)

S H E L L

Course #

Width
3.6.1.2

W E I G H T

S U M M A R Y

Shell Wt.
(Uncorroded)

Thk. - CA

Shell Wt.
(Corroded)

kN

kg

mm

kN

kg

1.950

12.75

1300.16

3.0

6.38

650.08

1.950

12.75

1300.16

3.0

6.38

650.08

0.450

2.94

300.04

3.0

1.47

150.02

1.950

12.75

1300.16

3.0

6.38

650.08

0.000

0.00

0.00

0.0

0.00

0.00

0.000

0.00

0.00

0.0

0.00

0.00

0.000

0.00

0.00

0.0

0.00

0.00

0.000

0.00

0.00

0.0

0.00

0.00

0.000

0.00

0.00

0.0

0.00

0.00

10

0.000

0.00

0.00

0.0

0.00

0.00

11

0.000

0.00

0.00

0.0

0.00

0.00

12

0.000

0.00

0.00

0.0

6.300

41.21

4200.51

A N N U L A R

Use Annular Plate?

B O T T O M

0.00

0.00

20.60

2100.26

P L A T E

D E S I G N

Yes1

Lap welded bottom plates may be used in lieu of butt-welded annular bottom plates. (Group IV, IVA, V, or VI Only)
W min

W Calc.

Use
mm

mm

mm

3.5.2

3.5.2

600

840

840

tabp-min

tabp-min

CA
mm

mm

mm

[3.5.3] T3-1

J.3.2.1

tabp-req'd

Use

Lap

Projection

mm

mm

mm

mm

10

50

50

3.4.2
3.0

9.0

B O T T O M

P L A T E

tbmin

tbmin

CA

tb-req'd

Use

Projection

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

3.4.1

J.3.2.1

R O O F

3.4.1
3.0

Annular Plt. Wt.

10

50

D E S I G N

tmin

tApp v

tselec'd + CA

tfurn'd

Cone

12.5

4.73

4.83

7.83

Dome

Shell Plt. Wt.

S U M M A R Y

Top Wind Girder

Inter. Wind Girder(s)

kgs

kN

kgs

kN

kgs

kN

kgs

kN

kg

kN

kg

831.34

4.65

474.28

41.21

4200.51

1.01

102.95

10.5

1066.5

65.49

6675.6

5.71

581.94

3.26

331.99

20.60

2100.26

0.50

50.47

6.5

666.6

36.60

3064.7

ANGLE

G I R D E R

kgs

Total Weight

kN

W I N D

kN

Roof Weight

8.16

80 x 80 x 6

D E S I G N

Hz. Leg

Vt. Leg

Thk

a-t

b-t

NA Dist.

NA Dist.

Area

MOI

Section
Modulus

Weight

Surafce
Area

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm2

mm4

mm3

Kg/m

m2/m

Uncorroded

49

80

80

74

74

57.78

22.22

924

573091

9919

7.26

0.33

Corroded

77

77

74.0

74

56.63

20.37

453

269278

4755

3.56

0.31

Zmin

Zfurn'd

cm3

cm3

3.97

4.75

R O O F - T O - S H E L L

3.4.2

tmax

T O P

Detail

9.0

P L A T E

W E I G H T
Bottom Plt. Wt.

D E S I G N

J O I N T

D E S I G N

[ C H A P T E R 3

tb

th - CA

tc/ts

Rc

R2

W h/Comp.

Wc

Areq'd min

Areq'd F- 2

Aroof

Aattach't

Ashell

Afurn'd

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm2

mm2

mm2

mm2

mm2

mm2

3.0

2250

9300.52

64.69

49.30

288.66

340.55

323.47

453.00

0.00

776.47

Status

OK

R O O F - T O - S H E L L

&

B O T T O M - T O - S H E L L
[ A P P E N D I X

J O I N T

D E S I G N

V ]

tb

th

tc/ts

Xcone/dome

Xshell

Areq'd V.7.2.2

Aroof

Astiff

Ashell

Afurn'd

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm2

mm2

mm2

mm2

mm2

3.0

163.57

69.67

83.18

817.86

453.00

209.02

1479.88

OK

3.0

163.57

69.67

83.18

817.86

453.00

209.02

1479.88

OK

3.0

163.57

69.67

83.18

817.86

453.00

209.02

1479.88

OK

3.0

163.57

69.67

83.18

817.86

453.00

0.00

1270.86

OK

3.0

163.57

69.67

83.18

817.86

453.00

0.00

1270.86

OK

3.0

163.57

69.67

83.18

817.86

453.00

0.00

1270.86

OK

3.0

163.57

69.67

83.18

817.86

906.00

191.02

1914.88

OK

10

3.0

163.57

69.67

83.18

817.86

1120.00

209.02

2146.88

OK

10

3.0

163.57

69.67

83.18

696.75

209.02

905.77

OK

10

10

163.57

69.67

83.18

817.86

1600.00

696.75

3114.61

OK

Detail

I N T E R M E D I A T E

W I N D

Kz

Kzt

Kd

mph

psf

3.9.7.1 a

1.04

0.95

117

0.85

Client Info

1.04

0.95

117

0.85

Ref

G I R D E R

D E S I G N

Vacuum

Total

kPa

kPa

kPa

29

1.47

0.24

1.71

29

1.47

0.60

2.07

Htr

Zreq'd

Zfurn'd

Max. Height of Unstiffened Shell & transformed shell height


H1 - modified

Status

Ratio

0.83

Note: Minimum size


size of angle for use
use
alone or as aa component
component in a built-up
built-up
stiffening ring shall be
be 64 x 64 x 6.4 mm
and the minimum
minimum nominal thickness of
plate shall be 6 mm.

ts1

H1

mm

kph

cm3

cm3

3.00

4.506

138

29.26

24.17

6.30

N/A

N/A

0.0396

0.00675

V.8.1.1

Corroded Thk.

1.01

1.11

V.8.1.2

Corroded Thk.

2.89

V.8.1.3

Actual Thk.

N2 < 100

As Htr < H1 --- Intermediate Wind Girder is not required.

Verification of Unstiffened Shell ( As per Appendix V )


( D / tsmin )0.75 [ ( HTS / D ) ( FYmin / E )0.5 ] 0.00675
Elastic Buckling Criteria Satisfied.

Ps E / ( 45609 ( HTS / D ) ( D / tsmin )0.5 )


Design external pressure for an unstiffened tank shell satisfied.

tsmin ( 73.05 ( HTS Ps )0.4 D0.6 ) / ( E )0.4


Minimum shell thickness required for a specified external pressure satisfied.

Ps

HTS

Hsafe

Ns + 1

Ns

Use Ns

Ls

N2

kPa

Nos.

Nos.

Nos.

Nos.

1.01

6.30

6.92

0.91

-0.09

-1

#DIV/0!

18.49

OK

Nmin

Nmax

Use N

Nos.

Nos.

Nos.

Nos.

4.30

10

Intermediate Stiffener Ring Design

STIFF

6410x 64 x 6.4

tshell

2 x wshell

Ireq'd

Ifurn'd

Ashell cont.

Areq'd

Afurn'd

Astiff req'd

Astiff min

Astiff furn'd

Zreq'd

Zfurn'd

mm

N/m

mm

cm4

cm4

mm2

mm2

mm2

mm2

mm2

mm2

cm3

cm3

#DIV/0!

98.54

#DIV/0!

11

295.61

#DIV/0!

755

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

459

18.43

29.6

#DIV/0!

98.54

#DIV/0!

11

295.61

#DIV/0!

755

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

459

18.43

29.6

#DIV/0!

98.54

#DIV/0!

11

295.61

#DIV/0!

755

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

459

18.43

29.6

#DIV/0!

98.54

#DIV/0!

11

295.61

#DIV/0!

755

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

459

18.43

29.6

#DIV/0!

98.54

#DIV/0!

11

295.61

#DIV/0!

755

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

459

18.43

29.6

#DIV/0!

98.54

#DIV/0!

11

295.61

#DIV/0!

755

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

459

18.43

29.6

10

tshell

Vl

2 x wshell

Ireq'd

Ifurn'd

Ashell cont.

Areq'd

Afurn'd

Astiff req'd

Astiff min

Astiff furn'd

Zreq'd

Zfurn'd

mm

N/m

mm

cm

cm

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

mm

cm

cm3

TOP

1586.56

98.54

1.16

11

295.61

8.94

755

-986.59

4.47

459

3.97

29.6

BOTT

1586.56

98.54

1.16

11

295.61

8.94

755

-1288.73

4.47

459

18.43

29.6

tsn - CA

tCalc

tfurn'd

S T R E N G T H

O F

vs

4512

0.70

177.64

Pe

S T I F F E N E R

Vs1

V A C U U M

Do

tbtm (min)

A T T A C H M E N T

Vs2

Ww

W E L D

wmin

C O N D I T I O N [ ASME Sec VIII, Div. 1 ]

tfurn'd

tfurn'd - CA

Pbtm

PResultant

kPa
[Psi]

kPa
[Psi]

tsn

144

0.60

7850

4.73

5.0

0.3842

-0.24

2.89

-0.11

20885

0.09

0.28

0.19

0.31

0.20

0.06

-0.03

0.24

0.12

0.11

0.00

-0.09

WIND
MOMENT

O V E R T U R N I N G

S T A B I L I T Y

BWS

Pressure

Proj. Area

Force

Arm

Moment

Sum

kph

kPa

m2

kN

kN - m

kN - m

0.45

28.39

12.88

3.15

40.57

0.76

1.27

0.96

2.25

2.17

138

42.73

FPi

FDL

FF

XPi

XDL

XF

MPi

Mw

MDL

MF

0.6Mw + MPi

MDL / 1.5

kN

kN

kN

kN - m

kN - m

kN - m

kN - m

kN - m

kN - m

kN - m

kN - m

79.52

27.14

227.34

2.25

2.25

2.25

179.16

42.73

61.15

512.19

204.80

40.77

114.40

286.67

Unanchored tanks conditions not satisfied - Anchorage is required.

D E S I G N

T E N S I O N

L O A D

P E R

Mw

tB

kN - m

Nos.

kN

kN

42.73

4.724

-4.38

5.07

A N C H O R

1.14

Mw + 0.4MPi ( MDL + MF ) / 2

S L I D I N G

R E S I S T A N C E

BWS

Pressure

Proj. Area

F - WIND

F - WIND

F - FRIC.

kph

kPa

kN

kN

kN

0.454

28.426

12.896

13.86

14.56

0.760

1.267

0.963

138

F - FRIC. > F - WIND --- Tank is stable, anchorage is not required against sliding.

U P L I F T

L O A D S

C A S E S

th

Mw

Ms

Pt

Pf

W1

W2

W3

Bolts

m
[ ft ]

mm
[ in. ]

N-m
[ ft-lbs ]

N-m
[ ft-lbs ]

kPa
[in. of water ]

kPa
[in. of water ]

kPa
[in. of water ]

N
[ lbs ]

N
[ lbs ]

N
[ lbs ]

Nos.

SI

4.506

42735

37635

5.00

6.25

36097.98

42426.14

57215.62

US

14.78

0.31

31519.86

27758.40

20.09

25.12

0.00

8114.83

9537.40

12862.07

Fall - Anchor

Fall - Shell

tb = U / N

lbs

Psi

Psi

lbs

in

mm2

Units

UPLIFT LOAD CASES

FORMULAE

Abolt - req'd
2

DESIGN PRESSURE

[ ( P - th ) 4.08 D2 ] - W 1

7556.81

15000

20000

944.60

0.06

40.63

TEST PRESSURE

[ ( Pt - 8 th ) 4.08 D2 ] - W 2

12036.47

20000

25000

1504.56

0.08

48.53

FAILURE PRESSURE

[ ( 1.5 Pf - 8 th ) 4.08 D2 ] -W 3

0.00

36000

34809

0.00

0.00

0.00

WIND LOAD

[ ( 4 Mw ) / D ] - W 2

-1009.40

28800

25000

126.18

0.00

2.83

SEISMIC LOAD

[ ( 4 Ms ) / D ] - W 2

-2027.10

28800

25000

253.39

0.01

5.68

DESIGN PRESSURE + WIND

[ ( P - 8 th ) 4.08 D2 ] + [ ( 4 Mw ) / D ] - W 1

16084.81

20000

25000

2010.60

0.10

64.86

DESIGN PRESSURE + SEISMIC

[ ( P - 8 th ) 4.08 D2 ] + [ ( 4 Ms ) / D ] - W 1

15067.11

28800

25000

1883.39

0.07

42.19

A N C H O R

C H A I R

D E S I G N

Anchor Chair Design NOT Adequate.


Tank Outside Dia.
Bolt Circle Dia. ( BCD )
Basic Wind Speed
Earthquake (Y = Yes, N = No)

Do

4512 mm

BCD

4912 mm

BWS

138 kph

85.75 mph

No 2

Design Load

Pd

kN

kips

Maximum Allowable Anchor-Bolt Load

Pall.

kN

kips

1.5 x Actual bolt Load

Pact.

kN

kips

kN

16.08 kips

P
Top-Plate Width ( along shell )
Top-Plate Length ( radial direction )

300 mm

11.81 in.

OK

200 mm

7.87 in.

OK
OK

Top-Plate Thickness

cused

16 mm

0.630 in.

Anchor-bolt Diameter

50.8 mm

2.00 in.

Anchor-bolt Eccentricity

eused

200 mm

7.87 in.

OK

Distance from Outside of Top-Plate to edge of hole

fused

50 mm

1.97 in.

OK

Distance between Vertical Plates

gused

100 mm

3.94 in.

OK

Chair Height

hused

310 mm

12.20 in.

OK

Vertical-Plate Thickness

jused

16 mm

0.63 in.

OK

Bottom or Base Plate Thickness

8 mm

0.31 in.

Shell or Column Thickness

6 mm

0.236 in.

A N C H O R
C H A I R
D E S I G N
C A L C U L A T I O N S
( A I S I - E - 1 ,
V O L U M E
II,
P A R T
V I I )

Top-Plate Width ( along shell )

300 mm

11.81 in.

Top-Plate Length ( radial direction )

200 mm

7.87 in.

cmin

9.17 mm

0.361 in.

cused

16.00 mm

0.630 in.

50.8 mm

2.00 in.

eused

200 mm

7.87 in.

emin

60 mm

2.344 in.

fused

50 mm

1.97 in.

29 mm

1.13 in.

Top-Plate Thickness

Anchor-bolt Diameter
Anchor-bolt Eccentricity

Distance from Outside of Top-Plate to edge of hole

fmin
Distance between Vertical Plates

gused
gmin

76 mm

3.00 in.

Chair Height

hused

310 mm

12.20 in.

hmax

900 mm

35.43 in.

hmin

152.4 mm

6.00 in.

jused

16 mm

0.63 in.

jmin

12.70 mm

0.50 in.

Vertical-Plate Thickness

100

3.94 in.

Vertical-Plate Width ( average width for tapered plates )

125 mm

4.92 in.

Column Length

mm

in.

Bottom or Base Plate Thickness

8 mm

Load

kN

Least Radius of Gyration

mm

in.

2256 mm

177.6 in.

kPa

42.96 ksi

Nominal Shell Radius


Stress at Point

Sinduced

Stress at Point

Sallowable

0.31 in.
16.08 kips

kPa

25.00 ksi

Shell or Column Thickness

6 mm

0.236 in.

Cone Angle ( measured from axis of cone )

deg.

Reduction for Factor

Check to limit slenderness upto 86.6

jK

NOT OK

deg.
-

0.847
3.100

OK

Weld Size

wmin

Vertical Load

WV

0.444 kips / lin in. of weld length

Horizontal Load

WH

0.520 kips / lin in. of weld length

Total Load on Weld

0.684 kips / lin in. of weld length

6 mm

0.236 in.

For an allowable stress of 13.6 ksi on a fillet weld, the allowable load per lin in. is 9.62 kips per lin in. of weld size.
For weld size of 0.24 in. the allowable load therefore is 2.27 kips.
Gusset Plate - Shell Weld

8.347 kips

NOT OK

Top Plate

5.385 kips

NOT OK

P R O B L E M

S T A T I S T I C S

LI V E LOAD TRAN S F E R R E D TO F O U N DATI O N


Lr

1.5

KN/m2

Area of Roof

Ar

16.4

m2

Total Live Load

WL

24.7

KN

Circumference of Tank

14.2

Live Load transferred to Foundation

wL

1.74

KN/m

Live Load on roof

D EAD LOAD TRAN S F E R R E D TO F O U N DATI O N


Self Weight of Roof

Wr

25.1

KN

Self Weight of Bottom Plate

Wb

12.8

KN

Self Weight of Shell

Ws

41.2

KN

Self Weight of shell & Attachmnets

Wa

1.0

KN

Total Dead Load acting on shell

WD

67.3

KN

Dead Load Transferred to Foundation

wD

4.75

KN/m

O PE RATI N G & HYD R O STATI C TE ST LOAD S


Self Weight of Tank

80.1

KN

Weight of Fluid in Tank at Operating Conditions

Wf

1022.3

KN

Weight of Water in Tank at Hydrotest Conditions

Ww

982.9

KN

Uniform Load Operating Condition

Wo

69.1

KN/m2

Uniform Load Hydrotest Condition

Wh

66.7

KN/m2

W I N D LOAD TRAN S F E R R E D TO F O U N DATI O N


Base Shear due to wind load

Fw

13.6

KN

Reaction due to wind load

Rw

3.0

KN/m

Moment due to wind load

Mw

42.7

KN-m

S U MMARY O F F O U N DATI O N LOAD I N G DATA


DL

Dead load, shell, roof & ext. structure loads

4.75

KN/m

Live Load

LL

1.74

KN/m

Uniform load, operating condition

Wo

69.13

KN/m2

Uniform load, hydrotest load

Wh

66.66

KN/m2

Base shear due to wind

Fw

13.57

KN

Reaction due to wind

Rw

3.01

KN/m

Moment due to wind load

Mw

42.73

KN-m

Consider 15-20 % variation in weight while designing the foundation.

C E N T R E

O F

G R A V I T Y

EMPTY CONDITION
Base Plate Thickness

h1

0.008 m

Height of Shell

h2

6.70 m

Height of Roof

h3

0.610 m

a1 = h1 / 2

a1

0.0040 m

a2 = h2 / 2 +h1

a2

3.36 m

a3 = h3 / 3 + h1 + h2

a3

6.91 m

Weight of Bottom Plate

w1

1583 kg

Weight of Shell

w2

5522 kg

Weight of Roof

w3

1970 kg

Total Empty Weight of Tank

WE

9075 kg

C.O.G. in Empty Condition

C.O.G.

3.544 m

F U LL O F W ATE R C O N D ITI O N
Weight of Water

100197 kg

Weight of Shell + Weight of Water

W6

105719 kg

Weight of Tank (Full of Water)

WF

109272 kg

C.O.G.

3.388 m

C.O.G. in Full of Water Condition

F U LL O F W ATE R C O N D ITI O N
Design Liquid Level

a4

6.30 m

a4 = (Liquid Level / 2) + h1

WL

3.16 m

Weight of Liquid

w4

104762 kg

Weight of Liquid + Contributing Weight of Shell


Weight of Shell Without Liquid

109954 kg
a5

Height of Remaining Shell Center From Base


Operating Weight
C.O.G in Operating Condition

329.67 kg
7.11 m

WO

113837 Kg

C.O.G.

3.191 m

S E I S M I C

D E S I G N

[A P P E N D I X

Aspact Ratio

E]

D/H

0.72

Inverse Aspact Ratio

H/D

Seismic Use Group

SUG

Importance Factor

1.40

II

Site Class

1.25

SC

Anchorage Condition

Mechanically Anchored

Vertical Acceleration

Consider

MCE Ground Motion Definitions

So = 0.4Ss

0.112

SP

Ss

0.28

Ss = 2.5SP
S1 = 1.25SP

S1

1.40

2.4

So

0.112

0.760

SP

SDS

Fa

1.6

Fv

2.4

Ss = 1.5Fa
S1 = 0.6Fv/T

ASCE
1

S T R U C T U R A L
ImpulsIve

Natural

P E R I O D
PerIod

&

Ci

tu

mm

kg / m

6.4

6.30

4.51

1040

S P E C T R A L

O F

V I B R A T I O N S

ConvectIve

(SloshIng)

Ti

Mpa
195000

Ks

Tc

seconds

seconds

seconds

1.80

0.58

2.21

1.89

A C C E L E R A T I O N

ImpulsIve

Spectral

Acc.

PerIod

P A R A M E T E R

Parameter

So

SP

SDS

Fa

Rwi

%g

%g

%g

0.112

0.30

1.25

1.6

Ai

0.67

0.09
0.09

Ai
ConvectIve

S1

Ss

So

SD1

SP

Spectral

Acc.

0.09338

Parameter

Fa

Fv

Tc

Ts

TL

Rwc

%g

%g

%g

%g

%g

seconds

seconds

seconds

1.40

0.28

0.112

1.5

1.25

1.6

2.4

2.21

7.50

0.67

TC < TL
Ac = KSD1 ( I / Tc ) ( I / Rwc )

Ac

N/A

Ac = 2.5 Q Fa So ( Ts / Tc ) ( I / Rwc )

Ac

0.63421

TC > TL
Ac = KSD1 ( TL / Tc2 ) ( I / Rwc )

Ac

N/A

Ac = 2.5 Q Fa So ( ( Ts TL / Tc2 ) ( I / Rwc )

Ac

1.14864

Ac

0.08596

< Ai

0.0934

Satisfied

SEISMIC DESIGN FACTORS


DESIGN FORCES

Equivalent lateral seismic design force

F = A . Weff

lateral acceleration coefficient

A ( %g )

Effective Weight contributing to seismic response

Weff

D E S I G N
ImpulsIve

Natural

PerIod

L O A D S

&

ConvectIve

(SloshIng)

PerIod

Ws

Wr

Wf

Wi

Wc

WP

Ai

Ac

Vi

Vc

%g

%g

89100

18950

15530

1383984

269710

1639640

0.0934

0.0860

140776

23184

142673

E F F E C T I V E
Effective
D

ImpulsIve
H

W E I G H T
Weight

&

D/H

WP

O F

EffectIve

P R O D U C T
Convective

Wi

Wc

4.51

6.30

0.72

1639640

1383984

269710

V E R T I C A L

S E I S M I C

E F F E C T S

SDS

Av
%g

0.299

0.04183424

1383984

269710

1410020

58987

Wi

Wc

Weff

O V E R T U R N I N G
RIngwall

Weight

Fv

M O M E N T

Moment

Ai

Wi

Xi

Ws

Xs

Wr

Xr

Ac

Wc

Xc

Mrw

N-m

0.09338

1383984.21

2.73

89100

3.15

18950

0.2384

0.08596

269709.748

5.85

402509

Ac

Wc

Xcs

Ms

Slab
Ai

Wi

Xis

Ws

Xs

Moment
Wr

Xr

N-m

0.0934

1383984.21

5.85

89100.00

3.15

18950.00

0.2384

0.0860

269710

6.12

795890

A N C H O R A G E
ResIstance

to

the

desIgn

overturnIng

moment

at

the

base

of

shell

ta

Av

Mrw

Ws

Wss

Wr

Wrs

Wt

Wa

Ge

mm

%g

N-m

N/m

N/m

N/m

N/m

7.0

0.04183424

402509

55322

3908

18953

1339

5247

27250

1.023

27250

37

Tank is self Anchored.

0.61

A N N U L A R
ResIstance

to

the

P L A T E

desIgn

R E Q U I R E M E N T S

overturnIng

moment

at

the

base

of

shell

Thickness of the tank floor plate provided under the shell may be greater than or equal to the thickness of the general
tank floor plate ( i.e., ta > tb ) with the following restrictions:

less Corrosion Allowance

ts - CA

3.00 mm

[Not Satisfied.]

Actual Thk. Btm Plt.

tb

7.00 mm

[Not Satisfied.]

Tank Self Anchored?


a ) The resisting force is adequate for tank stability ( i.e. the anchorage ratio, J > 1.54 )

[Satisfied]

b ) The maximum width of annulus for determining the resisting force is 3.5% of the tank diameter.

L = 158 mm

c ) The shell compression satisfies E.6.2.2

[Not Satisfied]

d ) The req'd annular plate thickness does not exceed the thickness of the btm shell course.

[Not Satisfied]

e ) Piping flexibility requirements are satisfied.

See API 650 Sec. E.7.3

Shell Compression in Self-Anchored Tanks


Max. longitudinal shell compression stress at the bottom of the shell when there is no calculated uplift, J < 0.785, c
c = ( wt ( 1 + 0.4 Av ) + ( 1.273 Mrw / D2 ) ) ( 1 / ( 1000 ts ) )
Max. longitudinal shell compression stress at the bottom of the shell when there is no calculated uplift, J > 0.785, c
c = ( ( ( wt (1 + 0.4 Av ) + wa ) / ( 0.607 -0.18667 J2.3 ) ) - wa ) ( 1 / ( 1000 ts ) )

wt

5247 N/m

Av

0.04183424 %g

Mrw

402509 N-m

4.506 m

ts

3.00 mm

wa

27250 N/m

0.61 -

10.190 MPa

J < 0.785

Long. Shell Comp. Stress = 10.19 MPa

J > 0.785

Long. Shell Comp. Stress = 10.78 MPa

Shell Compression in Mechanically-Anchored Tanks


Max. longitudinal shell compression stress at the bottom of the shell when there is no calculated uplift, J < 0.785, c
c = ( wt ( 1 + 0.4 Av ) + ( 1.273 Mrw / D2 ) ) ( 1 / ( 1000 ts ) )

wt

5247 N/m

Av

0.0418 %g

Mrw

402509 N-m

4.506 m

ts

3.00 mm

10.190 MPa

Allowable Longitudinal Membrane Compression Stress in Tank Shell

1.04 -

6.30 m

4.506 m

ts

3.00 mm

G H D2 / t2

Thickness of the shell ring under consideration, mm.

14.78

Fc

Allowable longitudinal shell membrane compression stress, MPa.

8.17 MPa

G H D2 / t2 44

Fc = 55.26 MPa

Fc = 83 ts / D

G H D2 / t2 < 44
G H < 0.5 Fty

Fc = 8.17 MPa
28.39

120

Fc = 83 ts / ( ( 2.5 D ) + 7.5 SQRT ( G H ) )


Satisfied

DYNAMIC LIQUID HOOP FORCES

When D / H is greater than or equal to 1.333


Ni = 8.48 Ai G D H ( ( Y / H ) - 0.5 ( Y / H )2 ) TANH ( 0.866 D / H )
D

D/H

0.866 ( D / H )

TANH 4

Y/H

0.5 ( Y / H )

Ai

Ni

4.51

6.30

0.72

0.6194

0.5507

6.30

1.000

0.500

0.0934

1.04

6.44

Ni

When D / H is less than 1.333 and Y is less than 0.75 D


Ni = 5.22 Ai G D2 ( ( Y / ( 0.75 D ) ) - 0.5 ( Y / ( 0.75 D ))2 )
D

Y/D

Ai

D/H
4.51

4.00

0.89

0.0934

1.04

4.97

0.72

Use '2 & 3'


Y

6.70

When D / H is less than 1.333 and Y is greater than or equal to 0.75 D


Ni = 2.6 Ai G D

Ai

Ni

4.51

0.0934

1.04

5.13

For Convective
Nc = 1.85 Ac G D2 COSH ( 3.68 ( H - Y ) / D ) / COSH (3.68 H / D )
D

0.00

0.00

6.70

3.68 ( H - Y ) / D3.68 ( H / D )

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

COSH 4

COSH 5

Ac

Nc

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

0.0860

0.00

#DIV/0!

When purchaser specifies that vertical acceleration need not be considered (i.e. Av = 0), the combined hoop
stress shall be defined by Equation E-22. The dynamic hoop tensile stress shall be directly combined with the
product hydrostatic design stress in determining the total stress.

T = h s = ( Nh SQRT ( Ni2 + Nc2 ) ) / t

When vertical acceleration not specified

Ni

Nc

T = h s = ( Nh ( SQRT ( Ni2 + Nc2 + ( Ac Nh )2 ) ) ) / t

When vertical acceleration specified

Nh

Nh

Ni

Nc

Av

6.41 N/mm

2&3

5.13 N/mm

1, 2 & 3

5.13 N/mm

Use Ni =

5.13

N/mm

Use Nc =

0.04

N/mm

APPENDIX E - SEISMIC DESIGN OF STORAGE TANKS


Specific Gravity

1.04 -

Tank Dia.

4.506 m

Tank Height

6.30 m

Aspact Ratio

D/H

0.72 -

Inverse Aspact Ratio

H/D

1.40 -

Bottom Plt. Thk.

tbtm

7.00 mm

First Shell Course Thk.

tsn

3.00 mm

Minimum specified yield strength of shell course

FYmin

Height from bottom of the shell to CG

Xs

3.15 m

Height from top of shell to the roof and roof appurtenanc

Xr

0.167 m

Seismic Use Group

SUG

Importance Factor

Site Class

SC

240.00 MPa

II
1.25
D

Anchorage Condition

Mechanically Anchored

Vertical Acceleration

Consider

MCE Ground Motion Definitions

Fa

1.6

Fv

2.4

SP

Ss

0.28

S1

1.4

So

0.112

So = 0.4Ss

0.112

SP

Ss = 2.5SP

SDS

S1 = 1.25SP

Ss = 1.5Fa
S1 = 0.6Fv/T

Structural Period of Vibration

2.4
0.760

Impulsive Natural Period

Ci =

6.4 -

H=

6.30 m

tu =

6 mm

D=

4.51 m

p=

1040 kg/m3

E=

195000 Mpa

Ti =

1.80 seconds

Tc = 1.8 Ks sqrt ( D )

Tc =

2.21 seconds

Ks = 0.578 / ( sqrt ( ( 3.68 H ) / D ) )

Ks =

0.58

Design Spectral Response Acceleration

1.89

Convective (Sloshing) Period

Impulsive spectral acceleration parameter, Ai


Probabilistic or Mapped Design Method (Approach 1)

SDS = 2.5 Q Fa So ( E-4 )

So =

0.112 %g

N/A SP =

0 %g

N/A SDS =

0.45 %g
1.25 -

I=
Fa =

1.6 -

Rwi =

4 -

Q=

1.00 -

Ai = SDS ( I / Rwi )

0.14

Ai = 2.5 Q Fa So ( I / Rwi )

0.14

For Site Class A, B, C and D Ai 0.007

For Site Class E and F

Ai 0.5 S1 ( I / Rwi )

Satisfied

N/A

N/A

For Site Class E and F

Ai 0.875 SP ( I / Rwi )

N/A

Ai

N/A

0.14000

Concevtice spectral acceleration parameter, Ac


Probabilistic or Mapped Design Method (Approach 1)

So = SP

S1 =

0.14 %g

Ss =

0.28 %g

So =

0.112 %g

SD1 =

0 %g

SP =

0 %g

K=

1.5 -

I=

1.25 -

Fa =

1.6 -

Fv =

2.4 -

Tc =

2.21 seconds

Ts =

0.75 seconds

TL =

4 seconds

Rwc =

2 -

Q=

1.00 -

Ac = KSD1 ( I / Tc ) ( I / Rwc )

Ac

N/A

Ac = 2.5 Q Fa So ( Ts / Tc ) ( I / Rwc )

Ac

0.09508

Ac = KSD1 ( TL / Tc2 ) ( I / Rwc )

Ac

N/A

Ac = 2.5 Q Fa So ( ( Ts TL / Tc2 ) ( I / Rwc )

Ac

0.17221

T C < TL

T C > TL

Ac

0.08596

SEISMIC DESIGN FACTORS


DESIGN FORCES

Equivalent lateral seismic design force

F = A . Weff

lateral acceleration coefficient

A ( %g )

Effective Weight contributing to seismic response

Weff

DESIGN LOADS

Ws

89100 N

Wr

18950 N

Wf

15530 N

Wi

1383984 N

Wc

269710 N

WP

1639640 N

Ai

0.1400 %g

Ac

0.0860 %g

Vi = Ai ( Ws + Wr + Wf + Wi )

Vi

211059 N

Vc = Ac Wc

Vc

23184 N

V = SQRT ( Vi2 + Vc2 )

212329 N

EFFECTIVE WEIGHT OF PRODUCT

< Ai

EFFECTIVE IMPULSIVE WT.

4.51 m

6.30 m

D/H

0.72 -

WP

1639640 N

When D / H greater than or equal to 1.333


( tanh ( 0.866 D / H ) / (0.866 D / H ) ) Wp
Wi

1457810 N

When D / H less than 1.333


( 1 - 0.218 ( D / H ) ) WP
Wi

1383984 N

Use Wi =

EFFECTIVE CONVECTIVE WT.

4.51 m

6.30 m

D/H

0.72

WP

1639640 N

For Convective
0.23 ( D / H ) tanh ( ( 3.67 H ) / D ) W P
Wc

269710 N

CENTER OF ACTION FOR EFFECTIVE LATERAL FORCES

CENTRE OF ACTION OF RINGWALL OVERTURNING MOMENT

Use Wc =

4.51 m

6.30 m

D/H

0.72 -

H/D

1.40 -

When D / H greater than or equal to 1.333


Xi = 0.375 H
Xi

1.69 m

Not Applicable in this case.

When D / H less than 1.333


Xi = ( 0.5 - 0.094 ( D / H ) ) H
Xi

2.73 m

Applicable in this case.


Use Xi =

For Convective
Xc = ( 1.0 - ( COSH ( (3.67 H / D ) -1 ) / ( ( 3.67 H / D ) SINH ( 3.67 H /D ) )
H

H/D

3.67 ( H / D )

6.3

1.4

5.1

( 3.67 ( H / D ) - 1 ) COSH 4

4.1

31.1

SINH 3

Xc

84.6

5.85

Use Xc =

CENTRE OF ACTION OF SLAB OVERTURNING MOMENT

4.51 m

6.30 m

D/H

0.72 -

When D / H greater than or equal to 1.333


Xis = 0.375 ( 1.0 + 1.333 ( ( ( 0.866 D / H ) / TANH ( 0.866 D / H ) ) -1.0 ) ) H
D

D/H

0.866 ( D / H )

TANH 4

Xis

4.51

6.30

0.72

0.62

0.55

2.76

When D / H less than 1.333


Xis = ( 0.5 + 0.6 ( D / H ) ) H
D

D/H

0.6 ( D / H )

Xis

4.51

6.30

0.72

0.43

5.85
Use Xis =

For Convective
Xcs = ( 1.0 - ( COSH ( ( 3.67 H / D ) -1.937 ) / ( 3.67 ( H / D ) SINH ( 3.67 ( H / D ) ) ) ) H
D

H/D

3.67 ( H / D )

3.67 ( H / D ) - 1.937

COSH 5

SINH 3

4.51

6.30

1.40

5.13

3.19

12.22

84.60

Use Xcs =

VERTICAL SEISMIC EFFECTS

SDS =

Fv = Av Weff

0.448

Av =

0.06272 %g

Wi =

1383984 N

Wc =

269710 N

Weff =

1410020 N

Fv =

88436 N

DYNAMIC LIQUID HOOP FORCES

When D / H is greater than or equal to 1.333


Ni = 8.48 Ai G D H ( ( Y / H ) - 0.5 ( Y / H )2 ) TANH ( 0.866 D / H )
D

D/H

0.866 ( D / H )

TANH 4

Y/H

4.51

6.30

0.72

0.6194

0.5507

6.30

1.000

When D / H is less than 1.333 and Y is less than 0.75 D


Ni = 5.22 Ai G D2 ( ( Y / ( 0.75 D ) ) - 0.5 ( Y / ( 0.75 D ))2 )
D

Y/D

Ai

Ni

4.51

4.00

0.89

0.1400

1.04

7.46

When D / H is less than 1.333 and Y is greater than or equal to 0.75 D


Ni = 2.6 Ai G D2
D

Ai

Ni

4.51

0.1400

1.04

7.69

For Convective
Nc = 1.85 Ac G D2 COSH ( 3.68 ( H - Y ) / D ) / COSH (3.68 H / D )
D

3.68 ( H - Y ) / D

3.68 ( H / D )

COSH 4

COSH 5

4.51

6.30

6.70

-0.33

5.15

1.0538

85.801

When purchaser specifies that vertical acceleration need not be considered (i.e. Av = 0), the combined hoop
stress shall be defined by Equation E-22. The dynamic hoop tensile stress shall be directly combined with the
product hydrostatic design stress in determining the total stress.

T = h s = ( Nh SQRT ( Ni2 + Nc2 ) ) / t

When vertical acceleration not specified

When vertical acceleration specified

Nh

Ni

Nc

T = h s = ( Nh ( SQRT ( Ni2 + Nc2 + ( Ac Nh )2 ) ) ) / t

Nh

Ni

Nc

OVERTURNING MOMENT

Mrw = SQRT ( ( Ai ( Wi Xi + Ws Xs + Wr Xr ) )2 + ( Ac ( Wc Xc ) )2

RINGWALL MOMENT

Ai
Wi
Xi
Ws

0.14
1383984.208
2.83
89100

Xs

3.15

Wr

18950

Xr

0.167

Ac

0.08596

Wc
Xc

Mrw

269709.7481
6.1

604837 N-m

SLAB MOMENT

Ms = SQRT ( ( Ai ( Wi Xis + Ws Xs + Wr Xr ) )2 + ( Ac ( Wc Xcs ) )

Ai

0.1400

Wi

1383984.208

Xis

6.66

Ws

89100.00

Xs

3.15

Wr

18950.00

Anchorage

Xr

0.167

Ac

0.0860

Wc

269710

Xcs

6.48

Ms

1338620 N-m

[Resistance to the design overturning (ringwall) moment at the base of the shell]

Resistance is contributed by:

For unanchored tanks


Weight of the tank shell
Weight of roof reaction on shell
Weight of a portion of the tank contents adacent to the shell

For anchored tanks


Mechanical anchorage devices (i.e., Anchor chair with anchor boldts)

Anchorage Ratio, J

ta

7.00 mm

0 N

Av

0.06272 %g

Mrw

604837 N-m

Ws
J = Mrw / ( D ( W t ( 1 - 0.4 Av ) )+ W a )
2

Wss
Wr

W t = ( ( W s / PI() D ) + W rs )

Wa = 99 ta SQRT ( Fy H Ge ) 1.28 H D Ge
27134

37

55322 N
3908 N/m
18953 N

Wrs

1339 N/m

Wt

5247 N/m

Wa

27134 N/m

Ge

1.014 -

Annular Plate Requirements

0.92

Tank is self Anchored.

Thickness of the tank floor plate provided under the shell may be greater than or equal to the thickness of the general
tank floor plate ( i.e., ta > tb ) with the following restrictions:

ts - CA

3.00 mm
tb

Actual Thk. Btm Plt.

[Not Satisfied.]

[Not Satisfied.]

7.00 mm

Tank Self Anchored?

a ) The resisting force is adequate for tank stability ( i.e. the anchorage ratio, J > 1.54 )
b ) The maximum width of annulus for determining the resisting force is 3.5% of the tank diameter.
c ) The shell compression satisfies E.6.2.2
d ) The req'd annular plate thickness does not exceed the thickness of the btm shell course.
e ) Piping flexibility requirements are satisfied.

Shell Compression in Self-Anchored Tanks

Max. longitudinal shell compression stress at the bottom of the shell when there is no calculated uplift, J < 0.785, c
c = ( wt ( 1 + 0.4 Av ) + ( 1.273 Mrw / D2 ) ) ( 1 / ( 1000 ts ) )
Max. longitudinal shell compression stress at the bottom of the shell when there is no calculated uplift, J > 0.785, c
c = ( ( ( wt (1 + 0.4 Av ) + wa ) / ( 0.607 -0.18667 J 2.3 ) ) - wa ) ( 1 / ( 1000 ts ) )

wt

5247 N/m

Av

0.06272 %g

Mrw

604837 N-m

D
ts
wa
J
c

4.506 m
3.00 mm
27134 N/m
0.92 14.960 MPa

Shell Compression in Mechanically-Anchored Tanks

Max. longitudinal shell compression stress at the bottom of the shell when there is no calculated uplift, J < 0.785
c = ( wt ( 1 + 0.4 Av ) + ( 1.273 Mrw / D2 ) ) ( 1 / ( 1000 ts ) )

wt

5247 N/m

Av

0.06272 %g

Mrw

604837 N-m

D
ts
c

4.506 m
3.00 mm
14.433 MPa

Allowable Longitudinal Membrane Compression Stress in Tank Shell

1.04

6.30

4.506

ts

G H D2 / t 2

3.00 Corroded

14.78

Fc

8.17 MPa

Self Anchored

Consider

Mechanically Anchored

Do not consider

Where the site properties are not known in sufficient detail to determine the site class, Site Class

unless the authority having jurisdiction determines that Site Class E or F should apply at the site.
Corroded
Corroded
Seismic Use Group
I

Not assigned to SUG II and III

II

Hazardous substance, public exposure, direct service to major facilities

III

Post earthquake recovery, life and health of public, hazardous substance

Note:
Seismic Use Group (SUG) for the tank shall be specified by the purchaser.
If it is not specified, the tank shall be assigned to SUG I

Importance Factor

T=

Site Class

SUG

Hard rock

Rock

II

1.25

Very dense soil

III

1.5

Stiff soil

Soil

N/A

Natural period of vibration of the tank and contents, seconds.

Ci =

Coefficient for determining impulsive period of tank system

H=

Maximum design product level, m

tu =

Equivalent uniform thickness of tank shell, mm

D=

Nominal tank diameter, m

p=

Mass density of fluid, kg/m3

E=

Elastic Modulus of tank material, MPa

Ti =

Natural period of vibration for impulsive mode of behavior, seconds

Tc =

Natural period of vibration for convective (sloshing) mode of behavior, seconds

So =

Mapped, maximum considered earthquake, 5-percent-damped, spectral response acceleration p

SP =

Design level peak ground acceleration parameter for sites not addressed by ASCE methods.

SDS =

The design, 5-percent-damped, spectral response acceleration parameter at short periods ( T = 0

I=

Importance factor coefficient based on seismic use group.

Fa =

Acceleration-based site coefficient ( at 0.2 seconds period ).

Rwi =

Force reduction factor for the impulsive mode using allowable stress design methods.

Q=

Scaling factor from the MCE to the design level spectral acceleration. Q = 2 / 3 for ASCE 7 and Q

S1 =

Mapped, MCE, 5-percent-damped, spectral response acceleration parameter at a period of one s

Ss =

Mapped, MCE, 5-percent-damped, spectral response acceleration parameter at short periods ( T

So =

Mapped, MCE, 5-percent-damped, spectral response acceleration parameter at a period of one s

SD1 =

The design, 5-percent-damped, spectral response acceleration parameter at one second based o

SP =
K=

Coefficient to adjust the spectral acceleration from 5% to 0.5% damping = 1.5 UOS.

I=

Importance factor coefficient based on seismic use group.

Fa =

Acceleration-based site coefficient ( at 0.2 seconds period ). Table E - 1

Fv =

Velocity-based site coefficient ( at 1.0 seconds period ).

Tc =

Natural period of the covective (sloshing) mode of behavior of the liquid, seconds.

Ts =

( Fv . S1 ) / ( Fa . Ss )

TL =

Regional-dependent transition period for longer period ground motion, seconds. For ASCE 7 Map

Rwc =

Force reduction coefficient for the convective mode using allowable stress design methods.

Q=

Scaling factor from the MCE to the design level spectral acceleration. Q = 2 / 3 for ASCE 7 and Q

0.1400

Satisfied

Ws

Total weight of tank shell and appurtenances, N.

Wr

Total weight of fixed tank roof including framing, knuckles, any permanent attachments and 10%

Wf

Weight of the tank floor, N.

Wi

Effective impulsive weight of the liquid, N.

Wc

Effective convective (sloshing) portion of the liquid weight, N.

WP

Total weight of the tank contents based on the design specific gravity of the product, N.

Ai

Impulsive design response spectrum acceleration coefficient, %g.

Ac

Convective design response spectrum acceleration coefficient %g.

Vi

Design base shear due to impulsive component from effective weight of tank and contents, N.

Vc

Design base shear due to the convective component of the effective sloshing wieght, N.

Total design base shear, N.

1383984

269710

2.83

6.10

6.66

Xcs

6.12

6.48

Av =

Vertical earthquake acceleration coefficient, %g.

Av = 0.14 SDS

Wi =

Effective weight contributing to seismic response.

SDS = 2.5 Q Fa So

Wc =

Velocity-based site coefficient ( at 1.0 seconds period ).

Y = Distance from liquid surface to analysis point, (positive down), m.


Ni = Impulsive hoop membrane force in tank wall, N/mm.

0.5 ( Y / H )

Ai

Ni

0.500

0.1400

1.04

9.65

D/H

0.72

Use '2 & 3'


Y

Ac

Nc

0.0860

1.04

0.04

6.70
1

9.61 N/mm

2&3

7.69 N/mm

1, 2 & 3

7.69 N/mm

Use Ni =

7.69

N/mm

Use Nc =

0.04

N/mm

he combined hoop

y combined with the

Ni2 + Nc2 + ( Ac Nh )2 ) ) ) / t

Product hydrostatic hoop stress in the shell, MPa.

Hoop stress in the shell due to impulsive and convective force of th

Total combined hoop stress in te shell, MPa.

Nh

Product hydrostatice membrane force, N/mm.

Ni

Impulsive hoop membrane force in tank wall, N/mm.

Nc

Convective hoop membrane force in tank wall, N/mm.

Thickness of the shell ring under consideration, mm.

Av

Av

s Xs + Wr Xr ) )2 + ( Ac ( Wc Xc ) )2 )

s Xs + Wr Xr ) )2 + ( Ac ( Wc Xcs ) )2 )

Vertical earthquake acceleration coefficient, %g.

ta

Thickness of the bottom plate under the shell extending at least the distance, L, from the inside o

Design snow load, N.

Av

Vertical earthquake acceleration coefficient, %g.

Mrw

Ringwall moment - Portion of the total overturning moment that acts at the base of the tank shell

Ws

Total weight of tank shell and appurtenances, N. (Shell + Btm Plt + Curb Angle + Rings )

Wss

Total weight of tank shell and appurtenances per unit length of shell circumference, N/mm.

Wr

Total weight of fixed tank roof including framing, knuckles, any permanent attachments and 10%

Wrs

Roof load acting on the shell, including 10% of the specified snow load, N/m.

Wt

Tank and roof weight acting at base of shell, N/m.

Wa

Resisting force of tank contents per unit length of shell circumference that may be used to resist

Ge

Effective specific gravity including vertical seismic effects = G ( 1.0 - 0.4 Av )

J < 0.785

No calculated uplift under the design seismic overturning moment. The tank is self

0.785 < J < 1. Tank is uplifting, but the tak is stable for the design load providing the shell compre
J >1.54

Tank is not stable and cannot be self-anchored for the design load. Modify the ann

the thickness of the general

ulated uplift, J < 0.785, c

ulated uplift, J > 0.785, c

a ) The thickness, ta, used to calculate wa in Equ E-23 shall not exceed the first shell course thic

b ) Nor shall the thickness, ta, used in Equ E-23 exceed the actual thickness of the plate under th
c ) when the bottom plate under the shell is thicker than the remainder of the tank bottom (i.e. ta
thicker annular plate inside the tank wall, Ls, shall be equal to or greater than L:

[Satisfied]
L = 158 mm
[Not Satisfiend]
[Not Satisfied]
See API 650 Sec. E.7.3

J < 0.785

Long. Shell Comp. Stress = 14.43 MPa

J > 0.785

Long. Shell Comp. Stress = 14.96 MPa

here is no calculated uplift, J < 0.785, c

Thickness of the shell ring under consideration, mm.

corroded

Allowable longitudinal shell membrane compression stress, MPa.

G H D2 / t2 44

Fc = 55.26 MPFc = 83 ts / D

G H D2 / t2 < 44

Fc = 8.17 MPaFc = 83 ts / ( ( 2.5 D ) + 7.5 SQRT ( G H ) )

G H < 0.5 Fty

28.3878

120 Satisfied

determine the site class, Site Class D shall be assumed

Class E or F should apply at the site.

service to major facilities

ublic, hazardous substance

he purchaser.

ery dense soil

behavior, seconds

ed, spectral response acceleration parameter at a period of one second, %g.

ot addressed by ASCE methods.

on parameter at short periods ( T = 0.2 seconds ) based on ASCE 7 methods, %g.

e stress design methods.

eleration. Q = 2 / 3 for ASCE 7 and Q = 1 UOS.

ration parameter at a period of one second, %g.

ration parameter at short periods ( T = 0.2 seconds ), %g.

ration parameter at a period of one second, %g.

on parameter at one second based on ASCE 7 methods, %g.

% damping = 1.5 UOS.

of the liquid, seconds.

d motion, seconds. For ASCE 7 Mapped value and for Outside USA 4.

owable stress design methods.

eleration. Q = 2 / 3 for ASCE 7 and Q = 1 UOS.

ny permanent attachments and 10% of the roof design snow load, N.

c gravity of the product, N.

e weight of tank and contents, N.

effective sloshing wieght, N.

DS

= 2.5 Q Fa So

s in the shell, MPa.

impulsive and convective force of the stored liquid, MPa.

e shell, MPa.

e force, N/mm.

e in tank wall, N/mm.

rce in tank wall, N/mm.

er consideration, mm.

n coefficient, %g.

ast the distance, L, from the inside of the shell, less CA, mm.

hat acts at the base of the tank shell perimeter, N-m.

m Plt + Curb Angle + Rings )

of shell circumference, N/mm.

ny permanent attachments and 10% of the roof design snow load, N.

snow load, N/m.

mference that may be used to resist the shell overturning moment, N/m.

G ( 1.0 - 0.4 Av )

overturning moment. The tank is self anchored.

esign load providing the shell compression requirements are satisfied. Tank is self anchored.

d for the design load. Modify the annular plate if L < 0.035D is not controlling or add mechanical anchorage.

not exceed the first shell course thickness, ts, less the shell CA.

actual thickness of the plate under the shell less the CA for tank bottom.

emainder of the tank bottom (i.e. ta > tb) the min. projection of the supplied

al to or greater than L:

RT ( G H ) )

F.1

Scope

F.1.1

This appendix applies to the storage of nonrefrigerated liquids.

F.1.2

When net uplift does not exceed the nominal weight of the shell, roof and framing supported b th

F.1.3

Internal Pressure exceed 18 kPa gauge covered in F.7.

F.1.4
F.1.5

Tank nameplate shall indicate whether the tank has been designed in accordance with F.1.2

F.1.6

Figure F-1 provided to aid in the determination of the applicability of various sections of this appe

F.2

Venting (Deleted)

F.3

Roof Details

F.4

Maximum Design Pressure and Test Procedure

F.4.1

The design pressure, P, for a tank that has been constructed or that has had its design details es
may be calculated from the following equation (subjected to the limitations of Pmax in F.4.2)

P = ( 1.1 ) ( A ) ( tan ) / D2 + 0.08th

F.4.2

Internal design pressure, kPa

Area resisting the compressive force, as illustrated in Figure F-2, mm 2

Angle between the roof and a horizontal plane at the roof-to-shell junction, degree

tan

Slope of the roof, expressed as a decimal quantity

Tank diameter, m

th

Nominal roof thickness, mm

The maximum design pressure, limited by uplift at the base of the shell, shall not exceed the valu
from the following equation unlesss further limited by F.4.3

Pmax

Maximum design pressure, kPa

DLS

Total weight of the shell and any framing (but not roof plates) supported by the she

Tank diameter, m

F.4.3

th

Nominal roof thickness, mm

Wind moment, N - m

As top angle size and roof slope decrease and tank diameter increases, the design presure perm

approaches the failure pressure of F.6 for the roof-to-shell junction, In order to provide a safe ma

operating pressure and the calculated failure pressure, a suggested further limitation on the max
tanks with a weak rof-to-shell attachment (frangible joint) is:

Pmax < 0.8 Pf

F.4.4

When the entire tank is completed, it shall be filled with water to the top angle or the design liquid

internal air pressure shall be applied to the enclosed space above the water level and held for 15

shall then be reduced to one-half the design pressure, and all welded joints above the liquid leve

by means of a soap film, linseed oil, or another suitable material. Tank vents shall be tested durin

F.5

Required Compression Area at the Roof-to-Shell Junction

F.5.1

A = ( D2 ( Pi - 0.08th ) ) / ( 1.1 ( tan ) )

A = ( D2 ( 0.4Pi - 0.08th + 0.72 ( V / 120 )2 ) ) / ( 1.1 ( tan ) )

Total required compression area at the roof-to-shell junction, mm 2

Tank diameter

Pi

Design internal pressure, kPa

th

Roof Thickness, mm

Design wind speed ( 3-second gust ), km / h

F.5.2

For self-supporting roofs, the compression area shall not be less than the cross-sectional area ca

F.6

Calculate Failure Pressure ( Frangible Roofs )

b
c
d
e
f
g
h

Pf = 1.6P - 0.047th

F.7

Anchored Tanks with Design Pressures up to 18 kPa Gauge

F.7.1

Shell Design Modification

F.7.2

Compression Area

F.7.3

Roof Design

F.7.4

Anchorage

Column 1

Column 2

Column 3

Manhole DiamBolt Circle Di Cover Plate Diameter


mm (in.)

Db mm (in.)

Dc mm (in.)

Bolt Circle Di 656 (261/4)

720 (283/4)

Db mm (in.)

756 (301/4)

820 (323/4)

Cover Plate D 906 (361/4)

970 (383/4)

Dc mm (in.)

1056 (421/4) 1120 (443/4)

Minimum
Yield
Strength

Minimum
Tensile
Strength

MPa

MPa

FY min

FT min

40

90

304

205

515

155

155

304L

170

485

145

132

316

205

515

155

155

316L

170

485

145

131

317

205

515

155

155

317L

205

515

155

155

Allowable Stress fpr Maximum Design Tempe


Not Exceeding (Sd), MPa

Type
Temperature Range

304L

Temp

120

th

R2

Wh

0.39

9800.17

37.27

10

248924

947

Rc

tc

Wc

610.24

0.55

11.00

15500

14

279

Leg 1

Leg 2

Thk

L1

L2

mm

mm

mm

20 x 20 x 2

20

20

20 x 20 x 2.5

20

20

2.5

20 x 20 x 3

20

20

25 x 25 x 2.5

25

25

2.5

25 x 25 x 3

25

25

25 x 25 x 4

25

25

30 x 30 x 2.5

30

30

2.5

30 x 30 x 2.7

30

30

2.7

30 x 30 x 3

30

30

30 x 30 x 4

30

30

30 x 30 x 5

30

30

35 x 35 x 2.5

35

35

2.5

35 x 35 x 3

35

35

35 x 35 x 3.2

35

35

3.2

35 x 35 x 3.5

35

35

3.2

35 x 35 x 4

35

35

35 x 35 x 5

35

35

37 x 37 x 3.3

37

37

3.3

40 x 40 x 3

40

40

40 x 40 x 4

40

40

40 x 40 x 5

40

40

40 x 40 x 6

40

40

45 x 45 x 3

45

45

45 x 45 x 4

4.5

4.5

4.5

45 x 45 x 5

45 x 45 x 6

50 x 50 x 3

50

50

50 x 50 x 4

50

50

50 x 50 x 4.5

50

50

4.5

50 x 50 x 5

50

50

50 x 50 x 6

50

50

50 x 50 x 7

50

50

50 x 50 x 8

50

50

60 x 60 x 4

60

60

60 x 60 x 4.5

60

60

4.5

60 x 60 x 5

60

60

60 x 60 x 5.5

60

60

5.5

60 x 60 x 6

60

60

60 x 60 x 8

60

60

60 x 60 x 10

60

60

10

70 x 70 x 5

70

70

70 x 70 x 5.5

70

70

5.5

70 x 70 x 6

70

70

70 x 70 x 6.5

70

70

6.5

70 x 70 x 7

70

70

70 x 70 x 9

70

70

80 x 80 x 5.5

80

80

5.5

80 x 80 x 6

80

80

80 x 80 x 7

80

80

80 x 80 x 7.5

80

80

7.5

80 x 80 x 8

80

80

45 x 45 x 4.5

80 x 80 x 10

80

80

10

90 x 90 x 6.5

90

90

6.5

90 x 90 x 7

90

90

90 x 90 x 8

90

90

90 x 90 x 8.5

90

90

8.5

90 x 90 x 9
100 x 100 x
6.5

90

90

100

100

6.5

100 x 100 x 7

100

100

100 x 100 x 8

100

100

100 x 100 x 9
100 x 100 x
10
100 x 100 x
12

100

100

100

100

10

100

100

12

120 x 120 x 8
120 x 120 x
10
120 x 120 x
11
120 x 120 x
12
120 x 120 x
14
120 x 120 x
15
150 x 150 x
10
150 x 150 x
12
150 x 150 x
12.5
150 x 150 x
14
150 x 150 x
15
150 x 150 x
18
180 x 180 x
18
200 x 200 x
16
200 x 200 x
18
200 x 200 x
20
200 x 200 x
24
200 x 200 x
25
200 x 200 x
26

120

120

120

120

10

120

120

11

120

120

12

120

120

14

120

120

15

150

150

10

150

150

12

150

150

12.5

150

150

14

150

150

15

150

150

18

180

180

18

200

200

16

200

200

18

200

200

20

200

200

24

200

200

25

200

200

26

hell, roof and framing supported b the shell or roof F.2 through F.6.
Internal Pressure
Pressure Force

signed in accordance with F.1.2

Wt. of roof plates

bility of various sections of this appendix.

Wt. of shell, roof and attached framing

or that has had its design details established

he limitations of Pmax in F.4.2)

rated in Figure F-2, mm 2

e at the roof-to-shell junction, degrees

10.89 kPa
776.47 mm2
14 degrees
0.249 4.506 m
5 mm

of the shell, shall not exceed the value calculated

not roof plates) supported by the shell and roof, N

-0.66 kPa
14769.83 N
4.506 m

5.00 mm
42734.81 N-m

r increases, the design presure permitted by F.4.1 and F.4.2

nction, In order to provide a safe margin between the maximum

ggested further limitation on the maximum design pressure for

-1.03 kPa

r to the top angle or the design liquid level, and the design

above the water level and held for 15 minutes. The air pressure

ll welded joints above the liquid level shall be checked for leaks

erial. Tank vents shall be tested during or after this test.

340.55 mm2

188.94 mm2

-shell junction, mm 2
4.506 mm

less than the cross-sectional area calculated in 3.10.5 and 3.10.6

5.00 kPa
5 mm
138 km / h
14 Degrees

Corroded

-1.29 kPa

owable Stress fpr Maximum Design Temperature


Not Exceeding (Sd), MPa

Hydrostatic
Test Stress
(St)
MPa

Temperature Range

150

200

260

Ambient

140

128

121

186

119

109

101

155

145

133

123

186

117

107

99

155

145

133

123

186

145

133

123

186

Table S-2 --- Allowable Stress for Tank Shells

Wh + L + ts

3.74

59.84

97.11

363.21

95

1520

2467

234330.80

ts

3.74

41.16

95

26552.46
Sum

404.37

260883.2534

Wt./m

2047.933539

Wt.

199446.9618

947

20L2

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

20L2.5

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

20L3

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

25L2.5

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

25lL3

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

25L4

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

30L2.5

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

30L2.7

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

30L3

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

30L4

10

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

30L4

11

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

35L2.5

12

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

35L3

13

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

35L3.2

14

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

35L3.5

15

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

35L4

16

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

35L5

17

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

37L3.3

18

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

40L3

19

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

40L4

20

#REF!

#REF!

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40L5

21

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

40L6

22

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#REF!

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45L3

23

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#REF!

45L4

24

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#REF!

#REF!

45L4.5

25

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45L5

26

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#REF!

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45L6

27

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50L3

28

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#REF!

#REF!

50L4

29

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

50L4.5

30

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

50L5

31

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

50L6

32

#REF!

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#REF!

50L7

33

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

50L8

34

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

60L4

35

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

60L4.5

36

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

60L5

37

#REF!

#REF!

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60L5.5

38

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

60L6

39

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

60L8

40

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

60L10

41

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

70L5

42

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#REF!

#REF!

70L5.5

43

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

70L6

44

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

70L6.5

45

#REF!

#REF!

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70L7

46

#REF!

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70L9

47

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#REF!

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80L5.5

48

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80L6

49

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80L7

50

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80L7.5

51

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80L8

52

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80L10

53

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90L6.5

54

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90L7

55

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90L8

56

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90L8.5

57

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90L9

58

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10L6.5

59

#REF!

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100L7

60

#REF!

#REF!

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100L8

61

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

100L9

62

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

100L10

63

#REF!

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100L12

64

#REF!

#REF!

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120L8

65

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

120L10

66

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

120L11

67

#REF!

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#REF!

120L12

68

#REF!

#REF!

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120L14

69

#REF!

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#REF!

120L15

70

#REF!

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150L10

71

#REF!

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150L12

72

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150L12.5

73

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150L14

74

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150L15

75

#REF!

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150L18

76

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

180L18

77

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#REF!

#REF!

200L16

78

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#REF!

#REF!

200L18

79

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#REF!

#REF!

200L20

80

#REF!

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#REF!

200L24

81

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200L25

82

#REF!

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#REF!

200L26

83

#REF!

#REF!

#REF!

Pi =

and attached framing

5.00 kPa

PForce =

79.52 kN

W roof plates =

6.54 kN

W Total =

36.11 kN

Does tank have internal


pressure?

Yes

Does internal pressure


exceed weight of roof
plates?

Yes
Does internal pressure
exceed the weight of the
shell, roof and attached
framing?

Yes
Provide anchors and
conform to F.7.

Does internal pressure


exceed 18 kPa?

Use API 620

No

A
A roof
roof is
is considered
considered frangible
frangible ifif the
the roof-to-shell
roof-to-shell joint
joint
will
will fail
fail prior
prior to
to the
the shell-to-bottom
shell-to-bottom joint
joint in
in the
the event
event of
of
excessive
excessive internal
internal pressure.
pressure.

Frangible
Frangible Roof
Roof Conditions
Conditions
a.
a. The
The tank
tank shall
shall be
be 15.25
15.25 m
m (50
(50 ft)
ft)
diameter
or
diameter
or greater.
greater.
b.
b. The
The slope
slope of
of the
the roof
roof at
at the
the top
top angle
angle
attachment
attachment does
does not
not exceed
exceed 22 in
in 12.
12.
c.
c. The
The roof
roof is
is attached
attached to
to the
the top
top angle
angle
with
with aa single
single continuours
continuours fillet
fillet weld
weld that
that
does
does not
not exceed
exceed 55 mm
mm (3/16
(3/16 in.).
in.).
d.
d. The
The roof
roof support
support members
members shall
shall not
not be
be
attached
attached to
to the
the roof
roof plate.
plate.
e.
e. The
The roof-to-top
roof-to-top angle
angle compression
compression ring
ring
limited
limited to
to details
details aa - e in
in Figure
Figure F-2.
F-2.
f.f. The
The top
top angle
angle may
may be
be smaller
smaller than
than that
that
required
required by
by 3.1.5.9.e.
3.1.5.9.e.
g.
g. All
All members
members in
in the
the region
region of
of the
the roof-toroof-toshell
shell junction,
junction, including
including insulation
insulation rings
rings
considered
considered as
as contributing
contributing to
to the
the crosscrosssectional
sectional area
area (A).
(A).
h.
h. The
The cross
cross sectional
sectional area
area (A)
(A) of
of the
the roofroofto-shell
to-shell junction
junction is
is less
less than
than the
the limit
limit
shown
shown below:
below:
A
A == W
W // (( 1390 tan
tan Theta
Theta ))

le Stress for Tank Shells

Basic Design

Basic Design

Basic Design plus Appendix F.1 through F.6.


Anchors for pressure not required.
Do not exceed Pmax.
Limit roof/shell compression area per F.5.

API 650 with Appendix F or


API 620 shall be used

ee roof-to-shell
roof-to-shell joint
joint
joint
joint in
in the
the event
event of
of

ss
m
m (50
(50 ft)
ft)

he top angle
dd 22 in
in 12.
12.
e top angle
he
let
let weld
weld that
that
6 in.).
16
in.).
rs shall not be
ers

mpression
mpression ring
ring
gure F-2.
aller than
maller
than that
that

nn of
of the
the roof-toroof-toulation
ulation rings
rings
to the
the crosscross-

(A)
(A) of
of the
the roofroofn the limit

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