1.

When a photon of x-radiation interacts with a molecule of water (H2O) it results in the
production of H and OH; radiobiologically this is referred to as:
A.
Excitation
B.
Electrolyte formation
C.
Attenuation
D.
Free radical formation
2. The least sensitive portion of the cell cycle is:
A. Mitosis
B. G1
C. G2
D. S phase
3. Radiation damage to which part of the cell is most detrimental?
A. Cell wall
B. Mitochondria
C. Single strand DNA break
D. Double strand DNA break
4. The purpose of fixing solution is to:
a. speed film processing
b. allow further development of the film
c. remove the silver salts which have been exposed to radiation
d. remove the silver salts which have not been exposed to radiation
5. The contrast of an intraoral radiograph refers to the
a. degree of darkness
b. milliamperes
c. density
d. difference between shades of gray
6. Increasing the kVp results in:
a. low contrast (long-scale contrast)
b. high contrast (short-scale contrast)
c. lighter film density (medium-scale contrast)
d. none of the above
7. Radiographs are rinsed in clean running water to:
a. rid the film of chemicals
b. dissolve metallic silver
c. shrink the emulsion
d. get rid of the latent image

8. Which of the following can cause the film to turn out black (too dense):
a. a weak or overexhausted developer
b. underexposing the film to radiation
c. overexposing the film to radiation
d. leaving the film in the fixer
9. Screen film combinations are used because they improve the detail and definition of
the resulting radiographs.
a. true
b. false
10. The primary reason for using fast films (ANSI speed E rather than D) is to:
a. save time in the dental office
b. produce better image quality
c. reduce the radiation dose to the patient
d. reduce the processing time
e. all of the above
f. none of the above
11. What determines the speed of the film?
a. the size of the film
b. the exposure time
c. the size of the silver halide crystals
d. the amount of radiation emitted from the X-ray machine
e. both b and c
12. Which of the following sequences represents the correct developing and processing
procedure for manual processing?
a. develop, rinse, fix, wash
b. develop, wash, fix, rinse
c. fix, wash, develop, rinse
d. develop, fix, wash, rinse
e. wash, develop, fix, rinse
13. A tire track or other pattern throughout the image results from:
a.
Developer and fixer with different temperatures
b.
Bending the film
c.
Reversing the film to the beam
d.
Fluoride

14.
A radiographic film is underexposed. In manual processing, which of the
following manipulations will produce diagnostically acceptable radiographs?
a.
Overdevelopment
b.
Sight-development
c.
Treatment with Farmer's reducer
d.
None of the above
15.
A.
B.
C.
D.

Which of the following tissues is most susceptible to radiation?

Nerve tissue
Muscle tissue
Brain tissue
Blood-forming tissue

16.
A.
B.
C.
D.

Which of the following is the most radiosensitive?

Young bone
Nerve
Muscle
Reproductive organs

17.
A.
B.
C.
D.

Which of the following is not a critical factor in the radiation response of cells?
Cellular differentiation
Size of cells
Metabolic activity
Mitotic rate

18.
A.
B.
C.
D.

Relative to radiation biology, the latent period is that period between:

Exposure of the film and development of the images
Exposure to radiation and the appearance of clinical symptoms
The states of cell rest and cell mitosis
Subsequent doses of x-radiation

19.
A.
B.
C.
D.

Fog affects the contrast of an intraoral film because it:

Decreases film density
Increases film density
Produces white stains on the film
Produces dark stains on the film

20.
A.
B.
C.
D.

The primary purpose of the lead foil in the back of the film packet is to:
Eliminate penumbra
Absorb remnant radiation after film exposure
Identify film placed backwards (back to front)
Stiffen the x-ray packet

21.
A.
B.
C.
D.

A latent image is:

An image late in its formation
A very light image
Produced after exposure but before developing
A very dark image

22.
A.
B.
C.
D.

In terms of therapy, radiation is used to:

Destroy tissue
Increase mitotic activity
Heat tissue
Dehydrate tissue

24.
A certain amount of radiation is needed before the clinical signs of damage to
somatic cells appear. The amount of radiation after which damage can be produced is
called the:
A.
Latent dose
B.
Threshold dose
C.
Maximum permissible dose (MPD)
D.
Background radiation dose
E.
Scattered radiation dose
BONUS QUESTIONS:
1) You make a bitwing radiograph of your patient. When you process the film, you
forget to develop the film and only fix it. What will your film look like when you view
it?
2) What is the approximate density of the above film?
a. 0
b. 1
c. 2
d. 3
e. 4
3) If the temperature of the developer is too low, radiographs will be:
a. denser (darker) than normal
b. less dense (lighter) than normal
c. of correct density
4) What is the rational of using radiation to treat cancer?