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Caso clnico
Resumen: El carcinoma de clulas de Merkel, constituye una variedad infrecuente de cncer cutneo, de origen neuroendocrino, que clsicamente
se describe, como la malignidad cutnea de peor pronstico. Se origina
a partir de las clulas de Merkel o receptores cutneos de presin. Presenta
un patrn infiltrativo dermo-linftico as como extensin linftica nodal y
diseminacin hematgena. Presenta numerosas similitudes con el carcinoma pulmonar de clulas pequeas, con una sensibilidad intrnseca a la
quimio-radioterapia y un gran potencial metasttico. Los mejores resultados se obtienen cuando se combina un diagnstico precoz y el tratamiento
combinado con ciruga- radio y quimioterapia. La principal dificultad que
presentan estos tumores es la avanzada edad de la poblacin en que se
presentan y la localizacin de los mismos, que en ocasiones limitan las
opciones teraputicas disponibles. Presentamos un caso de carcinoma de
clulas de Merkel facial, tratado con ciruga y radioterapia. Se realiza una
revisin de la literatura.
Palabras clave: Clulas Merkel; Cncer de piel.
Recibido: 31.01.07
Aceptado: 17.09.07
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Introduccin
Introduction
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Discusin
31
Case description
A 72 year-old woman was seen
in our clinic for a rapidly growing, nodular, erythematous skin
lesion with a shiny surface (Figs.
1 and 2) in the right cheek,
that had appeared 5 months
earlier and had not improved
with topical treatment with
low-strength corticoids prescribed progressively by her
family physician. Biopsy of the
lesion confirmed the diagnosis
of Merkels tumor (Fig. 3).
No cervical lymph nodes were
palpated. The preoperative
blood tests, including tumor
markers, was normal except for
blood glucose 177. Cervical CT
did not disclose cervical lymph
node involvement. A skin lesion
in the right malar region, coinciding with the external location of the lesion, was the only
finding. Bone involvement was
not observed. A whole-body
scan with thoraco-abdominal
CT did not reveal systemic invasion (Fig. 4).
Figuras 1 y 2. Aspecto de la lesin al diagnstico. Se trata de
The lesion was excised under
una lesin nodular, eritemato-violcea de superficie brillante
general anesthesia with oncocon telangiectasias asociadas.
Figures 1 and 2. Appearance of lesion at time of diagnosis. The logical margins and the skin
nodular lesion is erythematous-purplish with a shiny surface and was reconstructed with a cerassociated telangiectasias.
vicofacial rotation-sliding skin
flap (Fig. 5-7).5-7 External irradiation followed with a cumulative total dose of 60 Gy.
Twelve months after surgery, a
submandibular tumor was
found during a scheduled follow-up visit; the FNAB revealed
cervical metastasis of cutaneous
Merkel cell carcinoma. Radical
cervical dissection disclosed disFigura 3. Microfotografa de la biopsia lesional. Se aprecian ease in two lymph nodes, neiclulas basfilas, uniformes, ncleo redondo u ovalado, cro- ther of which presented extramatina dispersa, nucleolos pequeos, membranas netamente
capsular involvement (Fig. 8).
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