WATER WATER AND SANITATION PROGRAMME

SANITATION

Field demonstration training on

Sanitation Models
9-11 November 2009 @ Thalavady
Hosted by:BODHANA (Thiruvalla Social Service Society)

Supported by Facilitated by

Community Based
Disaster Preparedness Project
 Back ground of the programme

Water and sanitation programme was emerged in CBDP

programme as a result of the participatory need
assessment conducted among the coastal areas of tsunami
affected areas. People in the operational area, especially
the water logged areas, were facing severe shortage of pure
drinking water and sanitation issues. Creating replicable
low cost models in water and sanitation, emphasizing on the
maximum utilization of people's knowledge and low cost
technologies is the prime objective of the programme.

KSSF with the joint hands of Caritas India has developed

Participant team at the training center, BODHANA
low cost models in water filtering mechanisms and sanitary
latrines suitable for the local conditions of each project area.
With the objective of developing masons as a creative
skilled work force available at partner level, we organized
three day training programme at Thalavady, the operational
area of BODHANA. Mr.Rajesh.PD, the Zonal Technical
Officer-Caritas India, was the chief trainer of the sessions.
Point persons of CBDP programme were also participated
in the training programme.

Objective of the programme

To capacitate the trainee masons as a creative skilled work

force available at partner level

To introduce and make them familiarize with different

construction techniques on sanitation models

To familiarize the participants with innovative models on Team members on the way to field
sanitation under different site conditions

DAY ONE: 9th November 2009

All the participants reached at the training center at

BODHANA by 11 am. Then the team was led to Manalel
colony, Thalavady Panchayath for site visit.

The team visited the houses of Mr. Sasi Chirayathara and

Mr. Sivaraman Chirayathara and observed the sites for
construction and the two pit Ferro cement latrine's tanks
made there..

After the lunch, the team gathered at Thalavady village

development committee's rehabilitation training centre.

Participants along with the trainer Mr. Rajesh, visiting the

toilet structures

Field demonstration training on sanitation models 1


Mr.P.J.Varkey, State Officer-Caritas India in the
introductory session
Dr.Haridas, Asia Manager-NRM, Caritas India explaining
about the training programme
Group members examining the drawing and planning field
work
Field demonstration training on sanitation models
Introductory meeting
The meeting started at 2.00 pm. Mr. P.J.Varkey, State
Officer-Caritas India gave an introduction about the project
and the objective of the training. He welcomed all the
participants to the training program. Watsan is a component
of CBDP and the main objective is to generate awareness
among the public about the importance of sanitation and
also to generate replicable models, low cost and
geographically suited toilet structures, water purifying
techniques, filter well, back washing, phyto remediation,
rejuvenation etc.
Dr. Haridas, Asia Manager-NRM-Caritas India explained in
detail about the programme and introduced the trainer Mr.
Rajesh P.D, Zonal Technical officer-Caritas India. Then he
requested every body to participate actively in the training
and there by make it a participatory one. Also insisted all of
them to replicate the essence of the training in their own
fields of practice. And wanted to create an aesthetic sense
and thereby make out the maximum result of this training.
Then he introduced Mr. John the Program Support Officer of
Caritas India, Mr. O.J Deepak, the State Program Officer-
KSSF, Ms. Lakshmi, Documentation Officer-KSSF and the
staff of BODHANA. Then he worded that the basic objective
of the training is to generate low cost replicable models in
the community with the community participation. Then only
we can ensure the community ownership over the
structures.
Mr.Rajesh.PD took over the session and explained the
diagrams of the structures to be constructed during the
course of action for the three days. He facilitated in dividing
the participants into three groups and assigned work. Two
groups were assigned to make toilet structure using ferro
cement technology whereas the other one for brick work.
The group members sat together for discussing the
drawings for construction for 15 minutes and dispersed to
the respective sites.
2
 Site One: Group 1-Thalavady GP, House of Mr.Sivaraman, Chirayathara, Manalel Colony

Activities: (1) Making of filtering system (2) Fixing of filter system inside the ferro cement tanks,
(3) Construction of Ferro cement super structure

1 2 3
Clearing ground for the construction of Construction of support wall in progress Construction of support wall in progress
support wall to the ferro cement tanks

4 5 6
Drilling PVC pipe for making the filter system Filling the perforated PVC pipe (110mm) fitted Filter system installed in the tank
to be placed inside the tank inside the tank with filter media

7 8 9
Covering the ferro cement tanks after fixing the Covering slab placed over the tanks Fixing the slab over the tank and support wall
filter system

10 11 12
Fixing two layers of chicken net for the Smearing cement over the chicken net fixed Finishing of the smearing
superstructure of the latrine after binding the two layers together

Field demonstration training on sanitation models 3

 Site One: Group 2 -Thalavady GP, House of Mr.Sasi, Chirayathara, Manalel Colony

Activities: (1) Construction of platform for the toilet (2) Construction of obloid superstructure for
the toliet using ferro cement technology (3) Making of junction box for the latrine

1 2 3
Constructing support wall for the ferro cement support wall construction before filling Platform of the latrine with support wall
tanks completed

4 5 6
Covering the top of the platform and the ferro Shaping the iron rod to a circle for making Preparing chicken net for making the obloid
cement tanks with cover slab obloid superstructure for the latrine room

7 8 9
Fixing weld mesh for constructing the obloid Smearing cement over chicken mesh bound Director-KSSF observing the toilet
superstructure with welded mesh construction

10 11 12
Making of junction box Making of junction box Making of junction box

Field demonstration training on sanitation models 4

 Site Two: Group 3 -Thalavady GP, House of Mrs.Kochumol, Pullamvelil.

Activities: (1) Construction of platform for the toilet (2) Making of cover slabs for the latrine (3)
Making of junction box for the latrine

1
Taking measurment for building the
basement of the toilet 2 3
Constructing the foundation with Basement construction in progress
cement bricks

4 5 6
Foundation work and the tanks Making slab for covering the foundation Placing iron rods for reinforcement
finished

7 8 9
Filling red soil in the foundation Mr.Rajesh.PD explaining the making of Team members in front of the completed
junction box foundation of the latrine

Field demonstration training on sanitation models 5

 Evaluation and Valedictory meeting
11th Nov 09 at 01.00 pm

After the field work the team were gatheres in village Directors' Visit to
development rehabilitation training centre, Thalavady.
Mr. O.J Deepak, State Programme Officer - KSSF Manalel Colony
welcomed the group to the gathering. He invited each
participant for sharing their feed back on the three day
training programme.

Responses by the participants

Richard, mason: He thanked Caritas India and KSSF

for arranging the training programme and appreciated
the beneficiary selection of BODHANA. He promised to
replicate the learning's from the training in their area.
Johnson, Panchayath member: The training was
really good and effective. The programme planning and
coordination was not that much good. Lack of building
materials in the field affected the work. 100% utilization
of the masons doesn't happen. Thanked Mr. Rajesh P.D
for his efforts.
Karthik, Field Officer, QSSS: Appreciated and thanked
Mr. Rajesh P.D for his creative idea and thinking. He
opined that in the coastal areas of Alappad, the tsunami
hit area; Ferro cement latrines will be more effective. He
mentioned about the coordination problem and the
shortage of building materials in the work site. He added
that masons got less exposure to all the three models.
Ujesh, Asst. Coordinator, KIDS: A very good
experience. Lack of building materials caused wastage
of time.
Fr.Romance Antony, Executive
Director-KSSF and Fr. Varghese
Marathur, Director- BODHANA visited
the site (Thalavady panchayath,
Manalel Colony, ward 10) on 11th
November 09 at 11.30 am. They
interacted with the trainee masons and
enquired about their experiences in the
training program.
Mr. Toney Thomas, Project
Coordinator-CBDP-BODHANA
explained and demonstrated the
functioning of the chamber filter
constructed in the colony. They also
visited the rejuvenated pond there. Mr.
Siji, field staff-BODHANA explained
the functioning of the filter system
immersed in the pond and water
collection using hand pump.
Fr.Romance Antony appreciated the
efforts of the community and Mr. Siji

Tomy, Asst. Coordinator, TSSS: Appreciated the

project coordinators of BODHANA for their coordination.
He appreciated the mason Mr. Santhosh from TSSS for
his dedicated and sincere work. He concluded by saying
the he got a very good exposure.

Fr.Romance Antony thanked everyone for sharing their

experiences and valuable feedbacks. He told that the
program was a sudden arrangement, and because of
that there were problems with planning and
coordination. The training was done in a very needful
community where we can generate replicable models.

Field demonstration training on sanitation models 6

 He also insisted everyone to market all these
models in the PRI level. He congratulated all the
masons and appreciated BODHANA team. He also
mentioned about the importance of community
mobilization. He thanked Fr. Varghese the director of
BODHANA and all the Caritas India personnel especially
Mr. Varkey, Dr. Haridas, Mr. John, Mr. Rajesh P.D.

Fr.Varghese Marathur, Director-BODHANA thanked the

KSSF team and the Caritas India personnel. He talked
about the community's need and the developmental
activities. In his words there are people still in poverty
and are facing pathetic situation in their life. The
difficulties that we were experienced in the field should
be learning for each one of us. He urged everyone to
enjoy and experience the happiness of giving.

Dr.Haridas, Mr.P.J.Varkey, Mr.P.J.John and Mr.

Rajesh.PD attended the meeting.

The meeting ended at 2.30 pm and was dispersed for

lunch.

Glimpses!
Water quality
tested!

Village food!

The finishing
touch!

Active
involvement!

Field demonstration training on sanitation models 7

 CONTACT DETAILS OF TRAINED MASONS
Sl no: Name& Address Partner Organisation Experience Contact No
1 Linson A.X KIDS 8 years 95339050984
Avittapally (h)
Azhikode Jetty
Thrissur 680666

2 Wilson KIDS 35 Years 8089776756

Vazhakkadathil (h)
Kara P.O, Adavilangu
Trissur district-680671
3 K.D Johnson ESSS 22 Years 9447325694
Kanappilli (h)
Puthuvype P.O
Pin-682508
4 Jaimon CHASS 15 Years 9744796392
Murappalli
Balagram P.O
Idukky-685552
5 Biju N.M CHASS 6 Years 9947160180
Murappit
Balagram P.O
Kottar, Idukky
6 Sudheesh WSE 15 Years 9846444652
Shankkarady
Edavanakkadu P.O
Ernakulam
7 Davis V.P WSE 25 Years 9895056393
Vallooaran (h)
South Vellarapilli P.O
Sreemolam Nagaram
Pin:-683580
8 Binoy Gangadharan QSSS 9 Years 9447901137
Kunnumpurath (h)
Manjappara P.O
Nedumkandam, Idukky
9 Santhosh TSSS 11 Years 9745438127
Poothuvan (h)
Kadinamkulam
Puthukuttichi P.O
Trivandrum
10 Udayakumar MSS 15 Years 9387721847
Santhosh Vilasam
Kaippalli Kuzhi
Pangodu, Venganoor P.O
Trivandrum
11 Richard P.J ADS 25 Years 9744371325
Pallithodu P.O
Turavoor, Cherthala
Alappuzha Dist.
12 Joseph ( Rijoy) 9747025445
Kuriyakkal (h) 9037526787
Pallithode P.O ADS 5 Years
Cherthala-688586
Field demonstration training on sanitation models 8
 Details of participation

Day Day Day

Sl no: Name Designation DSSS
1 2 3
1 Savitha R Coordinator WSE p p p
2 Davis RTA Staff WSE p p p
3 Sudheesh Mason WSE p p p
4 Jiji Ponnan Coordinator ADS p p p
5 Richard Mason ADS p p p
6 Rijoy Mason ADS p p p
7 Sr. Alice Asst. Coordinator CSSS p a a
8 Shibu Mason CSSS p a a
9 Rancy Mason CSSS p a a
10 Vipin Joe M.J Asst. Coordinator ESSS p p p
11 Johnson Panchayath member ESSS p p p
12 Jubichan P.J Coordinator CHASS p p p
13 Jaimon Mason CHASS p p p
14 Baiju C. Xavier CHASS p a a
15 Biju N.M Mason CHASS p p p
16 Thomas George Coordinator MSSS p p p
17 Udayakumar Mason MSSS p p p
18 Ujesh N.K Asst. Coordinator KIDS p p p
19 Linson Mason KIDS p p p
20 Wilson Mason KIDS p p p
21 Karthik Sasi Field officer QSSS p p p
22 Binoy Mason QSSS p p p
23 Tomy Kuriakose Asst. Coordinator TSSS p p p
24 Santhosh Mason TSSS p p p
25 Deepak.OJ Program Officer KSSF p p p
26 Lakshmi Sankar Documentation Officer KSSF p p p
27 Dr.Haridas Asia Manager-NRM Caritas India p a p
28 P.J.John PSO Caritas India p p p
29 PJ.Varkey State Officer Caritas India p a p

p-present, a-absent

Documentation team:
Deepak.OJ, State Program Officer-KSSF,
Lakshmi Shankar, Documentation Officer-KSSF

Field demonstration training on sanitation models 9

Twin pit latrine with Ferro cement pit and square shaped room with Ferro cement up to 0.3m above basement and GI sheet
as side wall above it.

Estimate of Twin Pit Latrine with internal filtration for WatSan Programme in Kerala
Model 11. With Ferrocement Ring and ferrocement Obloid Toilet Room above latrine
Sl.
No Description No L B H Qty Unit Rate Amount
Super Structure - Toilet Room
Clearing the grass and other growth of
vegitation and removal of rubbish upto a
distance of 150m outside the periphery of the
1 area cleared. 1 2.5 2.5 6.25 100m2 175.00 10.94
Ferrocement CM 1:3 for Basement and super
structure for a height of 1.5m including all cost
2 of material, labour, conveyance etc complete 1 3.1 1.3 4.03 1m2 761.72 3069.72
Ferrocement CM 1:3 for superstructure above
1.5 including all cost of material, labour,
3 conveyance etc complete 1 3.1 1.05 3.26 1m2 1056.47 3444.08
Filling good earth inside the room for fixing
4 closet 1 1.02 0.2 0.2 1m3 245.00 49
PCC in 1:4:8 for floor using 20mm Broken stone
including all cost of material, labour,
5 conveyance etc complete 1 1.02 0.05 0.05 1m3 4101.09 205.05
RR Masonry in CM 1:8 for steps including all
cost of material, labour, conveyance etc
6 complete 3 0.7 0.25 0.2 0.11 1m3 2620.29 288.23
Plastering in CM 1:6 for super structure
including all cost of material, labour,
7 conveyance etc complete
Steps 1 0.7 0.9 0.63
Floor 1 1.02 1.02
Subtotal 1.65 10m2 1553.99 256.41
8 Toilet Settings 1 1 Nos 500
9 GI Sheet and red oxide 1 1 Unit 500
10 PVC Door and fittings with PVC door frame 1 1 Nos 1250
Sub Total 9573.43
 Pits
Clearing the grass and other growth of vegitation and removal
of rubbish upto a distance of 150m outside the periphery of the
1 area cleared. 1 2.5 2 5 100m2 175.00 8.75
Earth work excavation in Hard soil with initial lead of 50m and
2 lift up to 1.5m
For pits 2 3.14x0.96x0.96/4 0.7 1.01
For Soak Pit 1 3.14x0.4x0.4/4 1 0.13
Sub Total 1.14 10m3 2187.50 249.38
Ferrocement pit of 3 feet wide for latrine with CM 1:3 and 14
guage weld mesh and 22 guage chicken net including all cost of
3 material, labour and conveyance etc complete. 2 3.14x0.93 0.9 5.26 m2 761.72 4006.63
Ferrocement slab for top and bottom of pit of latrine with CM
1:3, 6mm Iron bars and 22 guage chicken net including all cost
4 of material, labour and conveyance etc complete. 3 3.14x0.96x0.96/4 2.17 m2 754.81 1637.93

RCC 1:2:4 cover slab using 20mm Broken stone including all
5 cost of material, labour, conveyance etc complete 1 1.3 1.3 0.08 0.14 m3 5855.00 819.7

Additional brick support in CM 1:8 placed at two sides of slab

6 and between the two ends of the centre portion 2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.04 m3 3567.86 142.71
7 PVC Bucket for soak pit 1 1 Nos 80 80
Filter Media including 20mm and 6mm Broken stone for the
soak pit including all cost of material, labour, conveyance etc
8 complete 1 3.14x0.3x0.3/4 0.4 0.03 m3 1499 44.97
Filling good earth over the pits and around the toilet room for
9 rising the platform to prevent the direct entry of water 1 2.85 + 5.45 0.25 2.08 m3 245.00 509.6
Internal Filter with 110mm PVC Pipe and 50mm pipe filled with
6mm stone in between and connected to a soak pit with a valve
10 mechanism 2 2 Nos 325.00 650
Reinforcement with 8mm iron Bars @ 15cm C/C including all
11 cost of labour, material and conveyance etc complete 12.09 Kg 4801.65 580.52
Reinforcement with 6mm iron Bars @ 15cm C/C including all
12 cost of labour, material and conveyance etc complete 1 4.07 Kg 4801.65 195.43
Sub Total 8925.62
Contigency 0.95
Grand Total 18500
Twin pit latrine with Brick Masonry pit in CM 1:6 and masonry super structure above pit
Cost of Room of Latrine above the pit with Hollow brick Masonry : Rs.8360
Cost of Masonry pit for twin pit latrine : Rs.8860
Main Materials Required for Construction
Material Labour
Hollow
Sl 40mm 20mm 6mm Ceme Rubbl Bricks Maso Wom
No Item Qty BS BS BS Sand nt e 12x8x4 n Man en
Unit Cuft Cuft Cuft Cuft Bags Cuft Nos Nos Nos Nos
Super structure Rate 26.9 31.15 31.15 62.3 300 21.24 13.5 450 350 350
1 Clearing Site 2.25 m2 0.01
2 Hollow Bricks in CM 1:8 for room 0.86 m3 4.86 0.5 0 147 1.3 0.3 0.4
3 Filling earth inside room 0.39 m3 0.3
4 PCC in 1:4:8 for floor using 20mm Broken stone 0.06 m3 2.01 0.95 0.21 0.01 0.06 0.21
5 RR Masonry in CM 1:8 for steps 0.11 m3 1.17 0.12 3.88 0.08 0.04 0.08
6 Plastering in CM 1:6 for super structure 19.06 m2 10.1 1.37 1.72 1.05 2.1
7 Toilet Settings 1 Nos
8 GI Sheet and red oxide 1 Unit
9 PVC Door and fittings 1 Nos
Sub Total for Room 0 2.01 0 17.08 2.2 3.88 147 3.11 1.76 2.79
Pits
1 Clearing Site 5 m2 0.03
2 Earth Work 1.69 m3 1.06
3 PCC in 1:3:6 for floor using 20mm BS 0.2 m3 6.71 3.18 0.88 0.04 0.2 0.7
4 Hollow Bricks in CM 1:6 0.63 Nos 3.56 0.48 0 108 0.9 0.2 0.3
5 RCC 1:2:4 for cover slab 0.28 m3 9.39 4.45 1.85 0.06 0.28 0.98
Plastering in CM 1:4 for inside tank where chances of
6 exposure of tank 8.1 m2 4.29 0.87 0.73 0.45 0.89
7 Polithene bucket 10 litres 1 Nos
8 20mm Broken stone 0.006 m3 0.21
9 40mm Broken stone 0.002 m3 0.07
10 6mm Broken stone 0.004 m3 0.14
11 Filling earth over pit 2.91 m3
12 110mm PVC Pipe 4 m
12 40mm PVC Pipe 6 m
12 40mm PVC Bend 4 Nos
12 40mm PVC End Cap 4 Nos
12 40mm PVC Tee 2 Nos
12 63x40mm PVC reducer Bush 4 Nos
12 63mm PVC pipe 0.3 m
13 8mm Iron Bars 12.8 Kg
14 6mm Iron Bars 1.5 Kg
Sub Total for pit 0.07 16.31 0.14 15.48 4.08 0 108 1.73 2.22 2.87
Grand Total for both pit and room 0.07 18.32 0.14 32.56 6.28 3.88 255 4.84 3.98 5.66
Rounded to 0.07 18.32 0.14 32.56 6.28 3.88 255 5 4 6
Amount 1.88 570.67 4.36 2028.49 1884 82.41 3442.5 2250 1400 2100
 1.91 Hollow Brick Masonry in CM 1:8
1.81
2.16
2.05

PCC 1:4:8 using 20mm BS

- 2 inch thick
1.10
RCC 1:2:4 using 20mm BS
Steps
- 8cm thick

G 0.26 L
0.36
0.90

0.90 Plastering in CM 1:4

Hollow Brick masonry in CM 1:6 Prepared By,

Soak Pit Rajesh.P.D.
Caritas India
1.20 PCC 1:3:6 using 20mm BS - 3 inch

Model 4: Sectional Elveation of Twin Pit latrine with Hollow Brick Masonry for pit and room above pit

Twin pit latrine with Brick Masonry pit in CM 1:6 and masonry super structure above pit
Children at Manalel colony, Thalavady

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