The Rhythm of Mandukya Upanishad

the rhythm of mandukya UPANISHAD
Authors Note:
The Mandukya Upanishad, considered to be the first of the principal Upanishads is the shortest
Upanishad and is from the Atharvaveda. Among the gnostic texts, this particular Upanishad
holds much significance for it is considered to be a point confluence of the modern Buddhist a nd
Hindu philosophies and contains the metaphysical and spiritual explanation of the root sound
Aum and the Self.
I have rendered all 12 verses of this Upanishad into English rhymes. The original Sanskrit verses
have been provided and for the benefit of those who are unaware of the devanagari script, the
transliteration also has been provided.
It is mentioned in the Muktika Upanishad that a complete understanding of the Mandukya
Upanishad enables the knower to attain Mukti- the final liberation.
I have used Sri Aurobindos translation of this Upanishad as my primary reference and have also
referred to the commentary of Swami Krishnananda for my rendition.
I do sincerely hope that my attempt in rendering the Upanishad into simple rhythmic verses will
enable the reader to go closer to core teaching of the sacred text.
Copyright 2016. SUSHRUT A. BADHE sushrutayurveda@gmail.com
Aum! Bhadram karnebhih rnuyma devh

bhadram pasyemkhabhiryajatrh
sthirairangaistushtuvamsastanbhir
vyaema devahitam yadyuh
svasti na indro vriddharavh
svasti nah ph Vivavedh
svasti nastrkhyo arihtanemih
svasti no brihaspatirdadhtu
Aum ntih; ntih; ntih
Aum. O Gods,
May only the auspicious by our ears be heard
By our eyes, may only the auspicious be observed
O Sacrficial Lords.
Enjoying sound bodies, your tributes may we give
In our full life-span, A life divine may we live.
May Lord Indra- the swiftest ensure our well being
May we be nourished by Pusha the all knowing.
May the eager Tarskhyas grace augur us well
May the same, Brihaspati accord as well.
Aum peace, Aum peace, Aum peace.
aum ity etad akaram idam sarvam, tasyopavykhynam

bhtam bhavad bhaviyad iti sarvam aukra eva
yac cnyat trikltta tad apy aukra eva.
Aum is the indivisible immutable
That verily holds the entire universe conceivable
The past, the present and the future of all-All is only Aum and Aum is only all
All else that beyond the three times persists
Is also the Aumniscient Aum for Aum is all that exists|1|
sarva hy etad brahma, ayam tm brahma,

soyam tm catu-pt.
The Universe is the Bramhan Selfs extension
And this Self is four fold in division|2|
jgarita sthno bahi-praja saptga

ekonaviati-mukha sthla-bhug Vaivnara
prathama pdah.
The conscious being awakened and outwardly located
Experiencing, knowing and enjoying, in the material He is situated
Possessing seven limbs and doorways nineteen
This Vishwanara- the universal male is the first Self seen |3|

svapna-sthnonta-praja saptga ekonavimatimukha
pravivikta-bhuk taijaso dvtiya pdah.
Next is the state that dwells in the dreams
Whose sphere portends in the inner realms
Posessing seven limbs and doorways nineteen
Enjoyer of all that is subtle-the radiant Taijasa is seen|4|
yatra supto na ka cana kma kmayate

na ka cana svapnam payati tat suuptam
suupta-sthna ek-bhta prajn-ghana evnandamayo
hy nanda-bhuk ceto-mukha prjas ttya pdah.
Where when asleep no dreams one does see
Wherein no remnant of desire or yearning can be
In that deep sleep, when the being awakened can remainIn the highest state Sushupti he is said to reign.
Situated in this state of oneness perfect,
Experiencing the bliss complete in every respect
Consuming bliss, He is wisdoms lord incarnate
And to his mind consciousness is the opening gate
This state of joy unparalleled or unheard
Is called Pragnya- the Selfs stage third|5|
ea sarvevara ea sarvaja, eontryami

ea yoni sarvasya prabhavpyayau hi bhtnm.
He is the lord of every single being
The indwelling seer all knowing and all seeing
Who is the womb of everything
And the birth and death of every living thing|6|
nnta-prajam, na bahi prajam, nobhayata-prajam,

na prajna-ghanam, na prajam, nprajam;
adtam, avyavahrayam, agrhyam, alakaam,
acintyam, avyapadeyam, ektma-pratyaya-sram,
prapacopaamam, ntam, ivam, advaitam,
caturtham manyante, sa tm, sa vijeya.
He is not the gnosis of the external
Nor is he that which is solely internal,
Nor just the wisdom of both the outside and inside
He is beyond the limits of the inside and outside
Neither is he the gnosis, inherent or gained
Nor the void that in its absence is contained.
The invisible and the unreachable
He is attributeless and uncontainable
He cannot be named and is indiscernible
He is incomprehensible and inexplicable
The epitome of oneness, he is the One

And other than him there is none
He is the fourth, thus they mention
The Selfs ultimate gnosis and final dimension.|7|
soyam tmdhyakaram aukarodhimtram pd mtr

mtr ca pd akra ukra makra iti.
And this Self as per the fourfold description
Is but identical to the first sonic conception
The Self is Aum, the first word and sound
And in its syllables A U M it can be verily found.|8|
jgarita-sthno vaivnarokra pratham

mtrpter dimattvd vpnoti ha vai sarvn kmn di ca
bhavati ya eva veda.
The Vishwanara-the Self of the first awakening
Is the first letter A, by virtue of its vastness all -pervading,
He who has thus realized and overcome desires thirst
Pervading all desires, he knows all thus becoming the first|9|
svapna-sthnas taijasa ukro dvity

mtrotkart ubhayatvdvotkarati ha vai

jna-satati samna ca bhavati nsybrahma-vit-kule
bhavati ya evam veda.
Taijasa the dreamer awakened is the stage second
This Self in the letter U does verily extend
Denoting excellence and central progression
Knowing this propels the knower with an upward ascension
With this gnosis a sameness in all he can envisage
Bereft of Bramhic gnosis, none descend in his lineage|10|
suupta-sthna prjo makras ttya mtr

miter apter v minoti ha v idasarvam apti ca
bhavati ya eva veda.
Next is Pragnya the innermost state of sleep
Where dwells the being awakened in a slumber deep
In the letter third M, this Self is containedThe measure by which the final entry is gained
He who knows this attains a measure of everything
And departs into the eternal by knowing every thing|11|
amtra caturthovyavahrya prapacopaama

sivodvaita
evam aukra tmaiva, saviaty tmantmna ya
eva veda ya eva veda.
The fourth Self, the final one is sylablleless

Unspeakable, it is the final silence that is endless
It is in Aum -The non-dual bliss of Shaivic OnenessComplete and final, the peace eternally boundless
He who knows this by his own Self, merges into the Self
Thus He becomes the knower, Yes He knows the self!|12|
The Mandukya Upanishad ends here with the chanting of the following mantras
Aum! Bhadram karnebhih srnuyma devh

bhadram pasyemkhabhiryajatrh
sthirairangaistushtuvamsastanbhir
vyaema devahitam yadyuh
svasti na indro vriddharavh
svasti nah ph Vivavedh
svasti nastrkhyo arihtanemih
svasti no brihaspatirdadhtu
Aum ntih; ntih; ntih
Aum. O Gods,
May only the auspicious by our ears be heard
By our eyes, may only the auspicious be observed
O Sacrficial Lords.
Enjoying sound bodies, your tributes may we give
In our full life-span, A life divine may we live.
May Lord Indra- the swiftest ensure our well being
May we be nourished by Pusha the all knowing.

May the eager Tarskhyas grace augur us well
May the same, Brihaspati accord as well.
Aum peace, Aum peace, Aum peace.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

The Rhythm of Mandukya Upanishad

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Copyright 2016. SUSHRUT A. BADHE sushrutayurveda@gmail.com