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Depression

Depression is a condition of low mood and hatred to activity that can affect a persons
views, behavior, feelings and sense of well-being. It is a nightmare that is hard to wake-up from.
Depression brings people down to a joyless state in which they do not see the positive side of any
concept. According to Rollo, depression is the inability to construct a future. Besides, there are
some major disorders which are caused by advanced depression in ones life such as antenatal
and postnatal depression, bipolar disorder, and psychotic depression.
Antenatal and postnatal depression is a type of health problems that happens before
and after pregnancy that last more than a week or two and interfere with the ability to function on
a daily basis with normal routines including caring for a baby. This type of depression is also
named as postpartum depression. According to Black Dog Institute, antenatal depression is a
depression that starts during pregnancy, in which between 10-15% of pregnant women would
experience episodes of mood swings that last more than two weeks at a time and interfere them
with normal day to day functioning. An example of the symptoms of antenatal depression is, the
mother will think if the baby is unplanned or unwanted, or due to health issues the mother has,
such as persistent nausea, or due to other major life stresses such as serious relationship
problems. Moreover, Michael Ashworth(2013), said that during pregnancy, the amount of two
women hormones, estrogen and progesterone, in a womans body increases greatly. In the first
24 hours after childbirth, the amount of these hormones drops rapidly, back down to their normal
non-pregnant levels. Researchers think the fast change in hormone levels may lead to
depression(John M. Grohol, 2013). According to Black Dog Institute, for some women, the
stresses and changes in emotions can be extreme when they are experiencing postnatal
depression. Postnatal disarray might affect the developing relationship in a family as well as
causing distress for women themselves.
Depression disorders can be in much form and one of the types of depression is
experienced as a part of mental disorder characterized of psychotic features. According to
Medline Plus Medical Encyclopedia, a patient who is suffering from psychosis is described as
psychotic. Sometimes people with generic psychiatric term for an abnormal condition of mind
have depression along with loss contact with reality. They are said to be have figment of

hallucination on auditory or visual which is taking place that they are being watched or followed
and perceive sounds or someone peeking around which are not exist (Jennifer, 2012). For
instance, they may hear voices criticizing them that they do not deserve to live. They are also
false belief that others are not sharing or try to plot against them and even develop false percept
that they may have chronic disease such as cancer which is a mere delusion. However, they are
probably realizing what they are experiencing is not real but there is awareness in their
conscious. They are always being tension and stand-off to be paranoid or feeling something
mishap will occur around them. Besides hallucinations and delusions, there are several
symptoms such as anxiety, hypochondria, insomnia, social isolation, sadness, changes in appetite
or corresponding gain weight or loss, fatigue, chronic pain with no obvious cause or even lead to
suicidal ideation (Jennifer, 2012). However, the day-to-day struggles of someone with psychotic
feature are much less sensation than those insanely troubled society and almost never lead to
criminal.
Bipolar disorder, which can also be known as bipolar affective disorder, manic-depressive
illness, or affective psychosis is yet another type of depression (Wikipedia). It is a serious brain
illness where brain disarray occurs, thus causing sudden changes in mood, energy, activity levels,
and the ability to carry out daily activities. People undergoing this type of depression would
sometimes tend to feel extremely happy or active, and there are times that they might even feel
extremely sorrowful and lifeless (National Institute of Mental Health). Bipolar disorder can be
caused by genetic, physiological and neurochemical factors. Genetic studies tell us that people
with parents who have bipolar disorder are much easier to develop this type of depression
compared to the others. Besides genetic factors, abnormalities of the veins in the brain can also
cause bipolar disorder. Apart from that, bipolar disorder might also be resulted from a
neurological condition or injury (Bressert, 2007, Wikipedia)
In a nutshell, depression brings illness that affects the daily lives of millions each day.
However, with proper medications and treatments, they can be brought back to normal emotion
levels. Depression is something that doesn't just go away. It's just... there and you deal with it.
It's like... malaria or something. Maybe it won't be cured, but you've got to take the medication
you're prescribed, and you stay out of situations that are going to trigger it- (Adam Ant).

References
1) Sellers, Jennifer. "Understanding Psychotic Depression" 25 January 2012.
HowStuffWorks.com. <http://health.howstuffworks.com/mentalhealth/depression/facts/psychotic-depression1.htm> 31 July 2014.
2) Major depression with psychotic features: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia.
Retrieved from< http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000933.htm>
3)Antenatal depression and postnatal depression. Black Dog Institute
http://www.blackdoginstitute.org.au/public/depression/inpregnancypostnatal/antenataldepression.
cfm
4) Michael Ashworth. Types of Depression
Psychcentral, last reviewed by John M. Grohol, 30 Jan 2013.
http://psychcentral.com/lib/types-of-depression/000908
5) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bipolar_disorder#Genetic
6) http://www.webmd.com/bipolar-disorder/mental-health-bipolar-disorder
7) http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/bipolar-disorder-easy-to-read/index.shtml#pub2
8) http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/bipolar-disorder/index.shtml
9) http://psychcentral.com/lib/the-causes-of-bipolar-disorder-manic-depression/000912

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