UNIT I

WINTER - 2013
Q.1. Explain the types of instruments used in Measurement, also
differentiate direct and indirect method of measurement along with
suitable example.
(6)
Q.2. Differentiate the terms Accuracy and Precision.
(4)
Q.3. Explain Generalized Instrumentation system with block diagram.
(4)
Q.4. Explain the elements of Measurement system.
(5)
Q.5. Explain systematic error in detail.
(5)
Q.6. Calculate the maximum percentage error in the difference of two
measured voltages when:
V1 = 100 V 1% and V2 = 80 V 5%
(4)
SUMMER 2014
Q.1. Explain generalized instrumentation system with block diagram and
with suitable example.
(7)
Q.2. A circuit was tuned for resonance by eight different trainee
engineers and the value of resonant frequency in KHz were recorded
as 532, 548, 543, 535, 546, 531, 543 and 536. Calculate
(7)
i. Arithmetic Mean
ii.
Average Deviation
iii.
Deviation from mean
iv.
Standard Deviation
v. Variance
vi.
Range
Q.3.
What are different types of Errors? Give its classification and
explain how it can be minimized.
(7)
Q.4.
A voltmeter reading 70 V on its 100V range and ammeter
reading 80mA on its 50 mA range are used to determine the power
dissipated in a resistor, both these instruments are guaranteed to be
accurate within 5% of full scale deflection. Determine the limiting
error of the Power.
(7)
Q.5.
Define the following:
(7)
i.
Accuracy
ii.
Precision
iii.
Resolution
iv.
Threshold

v.
vi.
vii.

Sensitivity
Linearity
Hysteresis
WINTER 2014

Q.1. What is limiting error? Show that

(6)
A a =A s (1 r )
Where Aa = The actual value of quantity
As = Nominal or specified value of quantity
r = Relative limiting error
Q.2. Explain significance of measurements and applications of
measurement systems. (7)
Q.3. A circuit was tuned for resonance by eight different trainee
engineers and the value of resonant frequency in KHz were recorded
as 532, 548, 543, 535, 546, 531, 543 and 536. Calculate
(7)
i. Arithmetic Mean
ii.
Average Deviation
iii.
Deviation from mean
iv.
Standard Deviation
v. Variance
Q.4. Classify the standards.
Q.1.

Q.2.

Q.3.
Q.4.

(6)
SUMMER 2015
What are the different types of errors? Give its classification and
explain how it can be minimized.
(7)
Measurement of the resistance of a resistor gave 101.2, 101.7,
101.3, 101.5, 101.3, 101.2, 101.4, 101.3 and 101.1.
Assume that only random errors are present. Calculate:
(7)
i. Arithmetic Mean
ii.
Deviation from mean
iii.
Average deviation
iv.
Standard deviation
v. Variance
vi.
Probable error
State and explain the classification of standard in detail.
(7)
The resistance had the following ratings :
R1 = 50 5%, R2 = 50 5% and R3 = 80 5%
i. Determine the magnitude and the limiting error in ohm and in
percent of these resistances connected in series.
ii.
Determine the magnitude and the limiting error in the ohm
and percent of these resistances connected in parallel.
(7)

UNIT II
WINTER 2013
Q.1. A PMMC instrument has full scale deflection (FSD) of 100 A and a
coil resistance of 1 K. calculate the required shunt resistance value
to convert the instrument into an ammeter with
(6)
i. FSD = 100 mA
ii.
FSD = 1A
Q.2. Explain the working principle of power factor meter.
(7)
Q.3. Which are the various torque appears in the PMMC Mechanism? Also
show that, deflection of pointer in PMMC instruments is directly
proportional to the current flowing through it.
(7)
Q.4. Explain design procedure of multirange voltmeter.
(6)
SUMMER 2014
Q.1. Explain the working of a PMMC galvanometer. Give the equation of
control torque.(6)
Q.2. A moving coil instrument gives a full scale deflection of 10 mA when
the Potential difference across its terminals is 100 mV. Calculate:
(7)
i. The shunt resistance for a full scale deflection corresponding
to 100 A.
ii.
The series resistance for full scale reading with 100 V.
Calculate the Power dissipation in each case.
Q.3. Explain working of True RMS responding voltmeter.
(6)

Q.4. A PMMC instrument has a coil of dimensions 15mm 12 mm. The

flux density in the air gap is 1.8 103 Wb/m2 and the spring
constant is 0.14 10-6 N-m/rad. Determine the number of turns
required to produce an angular deflection of 90 0 when a current of 5
mA is flowing through the coil.
(7)
WINTER- 2014
Q.1. Explain construction and working of Permanent Magnet Moving Coil
Galvanometer. (7)
Q.2. Explain True RMS responding voltmeter.
(6)
Q.3. Explain single phase Electrodynamometer power factor meter.
(7)
Q.4. A wattmeter has a current coil of 0.03 resistance and a pressure
coil of 6000 resistance. Calculate the percentage error if the
wattmeter is so connected that:
i. The current coil is on the load side
ii.
The pressure coil is on the load side
iii.
If the load takes 20 A at a voltage of 220 V and 0.6 power
factor in each case.
iv.
What load current would give equal errors with the two
connections?
(6)
SUMMER 2015
Q.1. Which are the various torque appears in the PMMC mechanism? Also
show that, deflection of pointer in PMMC instrument is directly
proportional to the current flowing through it.
(7)
Q.2. How PMMC galvanometer is used as DC Ammeter and DC
Voltmeter?
(6)
Q.3. Explain the working principle of power factor meter.
(7)
Q.4. Explain Ramp type digital voltmeter.
(6)
UNIT III
WINTER 2013
Q.1. What are the drawbacks of Wheatstones bridge? How those can be
elimination in Kelvin Bridge and derive equation of balance double?
(7)
Q.2. Consider the circuit shown below:
(7)
Derive the balance condition and obtain the expression for resistor
Rp and capacitor Cp if: C3 = 0.1 F, R3 = 375 K, R1 = 10 K and R2 =
14.7 K. Then find Rp and Cp values.

Q.3. Derive the expression for sensitivity of Wheatstone Bridge.

(6)
Q.4. Draw the circuit and phasor diagram for following bridges:
(8)
i. Maxwells inductance capacitance Bridge.
ii.
Hays Bridge.
SUMMER 2014
Q.1. What do you mean by low, medium and high resistance? Describe
Kelvins double bridge method for low resistance measurement and
obtain the condition of balance.(7)
Q.2. For the Hays bridge R1 = 500 , L1 = 0.18 H, R3 = R2 = 1000 . Find
the values of R4 and C4. If the supply voltage and angular frequency
is 50V and 500 rad/sec. Draw the phasor diagram.
(6)
Q.3. Derive equation of balance of Maxwells bridge along with phasor
diagram.
(6)
Q.4. A sample of backelite is tested by schering bridge at 25 KV, 50 Hz.
The balance is obtained with a standard capacitor of 106 F, a
condenser of 0.4 F in parallel with non-inductive resistor of 318
and a noninductive resistor of 120 . Determine the capacitance,
the equivalent series resistance and the dissipation factor of the
Specimen. Draw the phasor diagram and prove the relationship used
in the bridge.
(7)
WINTER 2014
Q.1. Explain Kelvins bridge used for the measurement of low value
resistance.
(7)
Q.2. Explain the sources and detectors used in AC bridge.
(3)
Q.3. Derive the balance condition for AC bridge.
(4)

Q.4. A Maxwells inductance comparison bridge is shown in fig. Arm AB

consists of a coil with inductance L1 and resistance r1 in series with a
non-inductive, resistance R. Arm BC and CD are a non inductive
resistance of 100 . Arm AD consists of standard variable inductor
L2 of resistance 32.7 . Balance is obtained when L 2 = 47.8 mH and
R = 1.36 . Find the resistance and inductance of the coil in arm AB
(7)

Q.5. Explain the working of Schering bridge along with its phasor
diagram.
(7)
SUMMER - 2015
Q.1. Derive the equation of balance of Wiens Bridge along with phasor
diagram.
(7)
Q.2. A Maxwells Capacitance bridge is used to measure an unknown
inductance in comparison with capacitance. The values at balance
R2 = 400 , R3 = 800 , R4 = 500 , C4 = 10 F. Calculate the value
of R1, L1 and Q if frequency is 1 KHz.
(6)
Q.3. Derive the expression for sensitivity of Wheatstones Bridge.
(6)
Q.4. Derive equation of balance of Schering bridge along with phasor
diagram.
(7)

UNIT IV
WINTER 2013
Q.1.
Explain measurement of pressure and displacement using
transducers.
(7)
Q.2.
Explain the working and function of following transducers:
(6)
i. Capacitive Transducer.
ii.
Piezoelectric Transducer.
Q.3. Give the classification of transducers.
(7)
Q.4. Explain the working of LVDT.
(6)
SUMMER 2014
Q.1. Derive expression for output voltage in Piezoelectric transducer
(7)
E0=g t p
Q.2. Derive expression for Gauge Factor of Strain Gauge.
(7)
Q.3. What are different types of flow measuring devices and explain
Electromagnetic flowmeter.
(7)
WINTER 2014
Q.1. Writer a short note on Rotary Variable Displacement Transducer
(RVDT).
(6)
Q.2. Show that in piezo-electric transducer the output voltage is given by
(7)
E0=g t p
Q.3. A barium titanate pickup has the dimensions of 5 mm 5 mm
1.25 mm. The force acting on it is 5 N. The charge sensitivity of
barium titanate is 150 PC/N and its permittivity is 12.5 10 -9 F/m. If
the Modulus of elasticity of barium titanate is
12 10 6
N/m2. Calculate the strain. Also calculate the charge and the
capacitance.
(6)
Q.4. Derive the equation of Gauge Factor of Strain Gauge.
(7)
SUMMER 2015

Q.1. Explain the working and function of following transducers:

i. Resistive Transducer
ii.
Hall effect Transducer
(6)
Q.2. Explain measurement of temperature and level using transducer.
(7)
Q.3. Explain working of LVDT.
(6)
Q.4. What are the different types of flow measuring devices and explain
Electromagnetic Flow meter?
(7)

UNIT V
WINTER 2013
Q.1. Explain the CRT used by Analog Storage Oscilloscope.
(6)
Q.2. Explain the block diagram of function generator.
(7)
Q.3. Explain the working of dual beam and dual trace CRO.
(7)
Q.4. What is Lissajous pattern? Explain its use for frequency and phase
measurement.
(6)
SUMMER 2014
Q.1. Explain the working of General Purpose CRO with the help of block
diagram.
(6)
Q.2. Explain dual beam and dual trace CRO.
(7)
Q.3. What is Digital Storage Oscilloscope? Draw the block diagram and
explain function of each block.
(7)
Q.4. A CRT has an anode voltage of 2000 V and parallel deflecting plates
2cm long and 5mm apart. The screen is 30cm from the center of the
plate. Find the input voltage required to deflect the beam through

3cm. The input voltage is applied to the deflecting plates through

amplifiers having an overall gain of 100.
(6)
WINTER 2014
Q.1. Draw and explain internal structure of CRT.
(7)
Q.2. Explain different types of Sweeps used in CRO.
(6)
Q.3. Draw and explain basic elements of a function generator.
(7)
Q.4. Explain basic pulse generator circuit.
(6)
SUMMER 2015
Q.1. What is Lissajous Pattern? Explain its use for frequency and phase
measurement.
(6)
Q.2. A CRT has an anode voltage of 2000 V and parallel deflecting plates
2cm long and 5mm apart. The screen is 30cm from the center of the
plate. Find the input voltage required to deflect the beam through
3cm. The input voltage is applied to the deflecting plates through
amplifiers having an overall gain of 100.
(7)
Q.3. Explain the working of dual beam and dual trace CRO.
(7)
Q.4. Explain the block diagram of function generator.
(6)

UNIT VI
WINTER 2013
Q.1. Explain Ramp type Analog to Digital Converter.
(6)
Q.2. Explain functional block diagram of a Heterodyne wave analyzer.
(7)

Q.3. What is Harmonic Distortion? Explain functional block diagram of

tuned circuit harmonic analyzer.
(7)
Q.4. What is the use of Data acquisition system? Explain single channel
and multichannel data acquisition system.
(6)
SUMMER 2014
Q.1. What is the necessity of Signal Conditioning? Explain AC Signal
Conditioning system with block diagram.
(7)
Q.2. Explain working of Data Acquisition System.
(6)
Q.3. Draw and explain block diagram of Spectrum Analyzer and give the
applications of Spectrum Analyzer.
(7)
Q.4. Explain Harmonic Distortion Analyzers.
(6)
WINTER 2014
Q.1. Explain data acquisition system with neat block diagram.
(7)
Q.2. Write a short note on sample and hold circuit used in data
conversion system.
(7)
Q.3. What are signal conditioning techniques? Draw a block diagram of
an AC signal conditioning system and explain function of each block.
(7)
Q.4. Write a short note on Harmonic Distortion Analyzer.
(7)
SUMMER 2015
Q.1. Explain the functional block diagram of a frequency selective wave
analyzer.
(7)
Q.2. What is the necessity of signal conditioning? Explain AC signal
conditioning system with block diagram.
(7)
Q.3. What is the use of Data Acquisition System? Explain single channel
and multichannel Data Acquisition System.
(7)
Q.4. Explain Harmonic Distortion Analyzer.
(7)