O2 = Back-end oxygen

BZT = Burning zone temp.

BET = Back-end temp.
Low

B.Z.T.

Low

Nor

B.E.T.

B.E.T.

Low
1

Low
Nor
2

4
Hgh
3

Case

Low
Nor
5

7
Hgh
6

Action to be taken
1

When BZ is very low :

a) Reduce kiln speed

To increase BZ and BE temp.

b) Reduce fuel rate

To move the O2% into range

When BZ is slightly low :

c) Increase ID fan speed

To raise the BE temp. & O2% for d

d) Increase fuel rate

To raise BZ temp. & to return O2% into range

a) Reduce kiln speed

To raise BZ temp.

b) Reduce fuel rate

To raise O2% for c

c) Reduce ID fan speed

To maintain BE temp.

a) Reduce kiln speed

To raise BZ temp.

b) Reduce fuel rate

To raise O2% for c

c) Reduce ID fan speed

To reduce BE temp. (be sure, BET is in down-

a) Increase ID fan speed

To raise BE temp. & increase O2% for b

b) Increase fuel rate

To maintain BZ temp.

a) Decrease fuel slightly

To raise O2%

a) Reduce fuel rate

To raise O2% for b

b) Reduce ID fan speed

To lower BE temp. & maintain BZ temp.

When BZ is very high :

a) Increase kiln speed

To avoid over-heating of the BZ

b) Increase ID fan speed

To raise BE temp. & O2%

c) Reduce fuel rate

When BZ is slightly high :

d) Increase ID fan speed
8

To lower BE temp. and raise O2% & BE temp.

When BZ is very high :

a) Increase kiln speed

To avoid over-heating

b) Reduce fuel rate

To lower BZ temp.

c) Increase ID fan speed

To raise O2% & maintain BE temp.

When BZ is slightly high :

d) Reduce fuel rate
9

To lower BZ temp. & raise O2%

When BZ is very high :

a) Increase kiln speed

To lower BE temp. & avoid over-heating

b) Reduce fuel rate

To lower BZ & BE temps. and raise O2%

When BZ is slightly high :

c) Reduce fuel rate
10

To lower BZ & BE temps. and raise O2%

When BZ is very low :

a) Reduce kiln speed

To raise BE & BZ temps.

When BZ is slightly low :

11

b) Increase ID fan speed

To raise BE temp. and to raise O2% for c

c) Increase fuel rate

To raise BZ temp.

When BZ is very low & O2

is in lower part of range :

12

a) Reduce kiln speed

To raise BZ temp.

b) Reduce fuel rate

To raise O2% for c

c) Reduce ID fan speed

To maintain BE temp.

d) Increase fuel rate

To raise BZ temp.

When BZ is very low :

a) Reduce kiln speed

To raise BZ temp.

b) Reduce fuel rate

To raise O2% for c

c) Reduce ID fan speed

To lower BE temp.

When BZ is slightly low &

O2 in higher part of range :
d) Reduce ID fan speed

To reduce BE temp. & lower O2%. BE temp. s

be rising also, if not, continue raising fuel rat

ID fan speed
13

a) Increase ID fan speed

To raise BE temp.

b) Increase fuel rate

To maintain BZ temp.

14

None

However, do not get overconfident

15

When O2% is in upper part

of the range :
a) Reduce ID fan speed

To reduce BE temp.

When O2% is in lower part

of the range :
b) Reduce fuel rate

To raise O2% for c

c) Reduce ID fan speed

To lower BE temp. & maintain BZ temp.

Rotatry Kiln Operating Conditions Chart

O2

Nor

B.Z.T.

Hgh

Low

Nor

B.E.T.

B.E.T.

B.E.T.

Low
Nor
8

10
Hgh

Low
Nor
11

13

Nor

Hgh

14

12

Reason

Hgh
15

Case

Action to be ta
16

When BZ is very high :

and BE temp.

a) Increase kiln speed

% into range

b) Increase ID fan speed

c) Reduce fuel rate

temp. & O2% for d

When BZ is slightly high :

mp. & to return O2% into range

d) Increase ID fan speed

17

When BZ is very high :

a) Increase kiln speed
b) Reduce fuel rate
b) Increase ID fan speed

emp. (be sure, BET is in down-trend)

When BZ is slightly high :

mp. & increase O2% for b

c) Reduce fuel rate

18

When BZ is very high :

a) Increase kiln speed

mp. & maintain BZ temp.

b) Decrease fuel rate

When BZ is slightly high :

eating of the BZ

c) Decrease fuel rate

19

When BZ is very low :

a) Reduce kiln speed

b) Reduce ID fan speed

mp. and raise O2% & BE temp.

When BZ is slightly low :

c) Increase fuel rate

maintain BE temp.

20

When BZ is very low :

a) Reduce kiln speed

mp. & raise O2%

b) Reduce ID fan speed

mp. & avoid over-heating

When BZ is slightly low :

BE temps. and raise O2%

c) Increase fuel rate

21

BE temps. and raise O2%

When BZ is very low :

a) Reduce kiln speed
b) Redice ID fan speed
c) Increase fuel rate
When BZ is slightly low :

mp. and to raise O2% for c

d) Reduce ID fan speed

22

a) Increase ID fan speed

b) Increase fuel rate

23

a) Reduce ID fan speed

slightly

24

a) Reduce ID fan speed

b) Reduce fuel rate slightly

25

When BZ is very high :

a) Increase kiln speed
b) Increase ID fan speed
When BZ is slightly high :
c) Increase ID fan speed

26

emp. & lower O2%. BE temp. should

When BZ is very high :

a) Increase kiln speed

f not, continue raising fuel rate & raise

b) Increase ID fan speed

c) Reduce fuel rate
When BZ is slightly high :
d) Reduce fuel rate

ot get overconfident

mp. & maintain BZ temp.

27

When BZ is very high :

a) Increase kiln speed
b) Reduce fuel rate
When BZ is slightly high :
c) Reduce fuel rate
d) Reduce ID fan speed

nditions Chart

Hgh

B.Z.T.

Hgh

Low

Nor

B.E.T.

B.E.T.

B.E.T.

Low
16

Low
Nor
17

19

Low
Nor

Hgh

20

18

22
Hgh

Reason

When BZ is very high :

) Increase kiln speed

To avoid overheating

) Increase ID fan speed

To raise BE temp.
To lower BZ temp.

When BZ is slightly high :

) Increase ID fan speed

To raise BE temp. & lower BZ temp. (if O2% raises

during this, disregard it till temps. are controlled)

When BZ is very high :

) Increase kiln speed

To avoid overheating

) Reduce fuel rate

To lower BZ temp.

) Increase ID fan speed

To maintain BE temp.

When BZ is slightly high :

Reduce fuel rate

To lower BZ temp. (if O2% raises during this, disregard

it till temps. are controlled)

When BZ is very high :

) Increase kiln speed

To avoid overheating & lower BE temp.

) Decrease fuel rate

To lower BZ temp.

When BZ is slightly high :

Decrease fuel rate

To lower BZ & BE temp.

When BZ is very low :

) Reduce kiln speed

23

21

Action to be taken

Reduce fuel rate

Nor

To raise BE & BZ temp.

) Reduce ID fan speed

To maintain BE temp.

When BZ is slightly low :

Increase fuel rate

To raise BZ temp. & lower O2% (BE temp. should be

rising also, if not, continue raising fuel rate & raise
ID fan speed

When BZ is very low :

) Reduce kiln speed

To raise BZ temp.

) Reduce ID fan speed

To maintain BE temp. (if O2 is still available after this

move, increase fuel rate also)

When BZ is slightly low :

Increase fuel rate

To raise BZ temp. & lower O2%

When BZ is very low :

) Reduce kiln speed

To raise BZ temp.

) Redice ID fan speed

To lower BE temp. & O2%

Increase fuel rate

To raise BZ temp. & lower O2%

When BZ is slightly low :

) Reduce ID fan speed

To riase BZ temp. and reduce BE temp. & O2%

) Increase ID fan speed

To raise BE temp.

) Increase fuel rate

To maintain BZ temp. & reduce O2%

) Reduce ID fan speed

To lower O2%

) Reduce ID fan speed

To lower BE temp. & O2%

) Reduce fuel rate slightly

To maintain BZ temp.

When BZ is very high :

) Increase kiln speed

To avoid overheating

) Increase ID fan speed

To raise BE temp. & lower BZ temp.

When BZ is slightly high :

Increase ID fan speed

To raise BE temp. & lower BZ temp. (if O2% raises

during this, disregard it till temps. are controlled)

When BZ is very high :

) Increase kiln speed

To avoid overheating

) Increase ID fan speed

To maintain BE temp.

Reduce fuel rate

To lower BZ temp.

When BZ is slightly high :

) Reduce fuel rate

To lower BZ temp. (if O2% raises during this, disregard

it till temps. are controlled)

When BZ is very high :

) Increase kiln speed

To lower BZ & BE temp.

) Reduce fuel rate

To lower BZ temp.

When BZ is slightly high :

Reduce fuel rate

) Reduce ID fan speed

To lower BZ temp.
To lower BE temp. (if O2% raises during this, disregard
it till temps. are controlled)

sheet 1 of 2

Hgh

B.E.T.

Low
25
Hgh
24

Reason

Nor
26

Hgh
27