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Heterogeneity on
the European
continent: a
relatively modern
phenomenon
Compared to the United States,
European nations historically have
been largely homogenous and
immigration by people of a wide
variety of different races/ethnicities
is relatively recent. For example,
decolonization during the 20th
century created a migration flow by
members from the former colonies,
and labor migration for economic
reasons took off about 40 years ago,
when migrant workers from
countries like Turkey and Morocco
moved to European soil. They
settled down, started families, and
have lived in Europe for several
generations now. Initially, the
numbers were small enough to
consider them social groups without
much social-political power, and it
was relatively easy to be tolerant
towards them. As long as they
integrated (or rather, assimilated
to the dominant culture) they were
not much of a concern and could live
along-side the native population
relatively comfortably. But our
countries are becoming more and
more diverse, and immigrants and
ethnic minorities are becoming a
more significant group. They are a
force to be reckoned with, gaining
more cultural, social, economic, and
political power. These demographic
changes are undeniable and will
continue to develop.
Difference as taboo:
confronting the
uncomfortable
It might seem contradictory, but the us
versus them dynamic continues to exist
exactly because of the tendency to ignore
difference. Some countries do not include
race/ethnicity in their census data
collection or are focusing on social
cohesion, which might discourage us from
acknowledging and confronting
difference. It can also lead to color or
race blindness, in service of the need to
all be the same. We might say that we
are all French or we are all Swedish, or
talk about language or religion as code for
race/ethnicity. Often, when we ignore and
do not confront something, there is a
level of discomfort, fear, or taboo
associated with this phenomenon racial
difference in this case. We seem to have a
tendency towards associating difference
with bad, so some of us would rather
not talk about it. But not talking about
difference does not diminish the fact that
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it exists. Race, skin color, immigration
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gender, age,
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They matter
daily experiences, in the impact of policies
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politics,
interpersonal
dynamics,
opportunities,
and decision-making.
Only
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if we acknowledge
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racial/ethnic
difference
without
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attaching a value judgment to difference
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itself can we address the reality of
growing
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populations.
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through the us versus them and truly
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talk about all of us. Only if we
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acknowledge difference can we talk about
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relationship
and
turn it into
inclusion.