IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering | Volume 2 | Issue 10 | April 2016

ISSN (online): 2349-784X

Traffic Congestion Problem At Khadi Machine

Square, Pune
A. A. Hasabnis
UG Student
Department of Civil Engineering
Sinhgad Academy of Engineering, Pune, India

S. N. Kanade
UG Student
Department of Civil Engineering
Sinhgad Academy of Engineering, Pune, India

P. P. Jadhav
UG Student
Department of Civil Engineering
Sinhgad Academy of Engineering, Pune, India

P. K. Hawanna
UG Student
Department of Civil Engineering
Sinhgad Academy of Engineering, Pune, India

C. V. Alkunte
Assistant Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
Sinhgad Academy of Engineering, Pune, India

Abstract
Pune is the 8th largest metropolitan city in India and developing fast because of educational and industrial hub. Increasing
population creates the traffic congestions in many places of pune resulting in traffic jams and delays. Khadi machine square is one
of them as it connects outer face of city. This paper deals with traffic problems and alternative solutions in order to reduce traffic
congestion. A survey was conducted during 10th and 11th September 2015 to find out traffic density and traffic pattern which helps
to determine solutions.
Keywords: Alternative solutions Traffic congestion, Traffic density and pattern
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I.

INTRODUCTION

Development of a country depends upon connectivity of roads and their network. They play significant role in development of
region in all aspects such as economic, social, etc. The importance of roads in India cannot be underestimated as India is the 2nd
largest network with 46,89,842 km. Rate of new road construction in India has slowed in recent years due to problems such as land
acquisition and illegal constructions. From last decade Pune city is developing tremendously because of the IT, automobile and
industrial sector. Existing road infrastructure is not sufficient for present traffic density scenario. Public transport system in Pune
is not enough to carry present flow so people are shifting to private vehicles causing more traffic on roads. Now Pune city is
included in smart city so it is need to give more emphasis on infrastructure of roads. According to surveys it is observed that main
problem causing traffic congestion are increase in number of goods transport and multi axle vehicles also poor signal system,
rash driving, cross lane driving of people adding the number of accidents. The geometry of Khadi machine square is inconvenient
for smooth traffic flow.
The study found that most of commuters spend 30-60 minutes on katraj-kondhwa road because of long stretching of multi axle
vehicles. Khadi machine square is arterial road connecting Solapur highway and Satara road on either sides, carries heavy traffic
causing delays and accidents. This all leads to tremendous pollution resulting in hampering of environment. Existing road width is
not sufficient to cope with existing road traffic density.
II. PROBLEM STATEMENT
Traffic congestion is a condition on road network that occurs as use increases and is characterized by slow speed, longer trip times
and increased vehicular queue. There is mammoth problem of traffic congestion at Khadi machine square. Due to insufficient road
width and cross section numbers of accidents are increasing. In peak hours increase in numbers of two wheelers and cars causes
bottleneck at Khadi machine square, resulting slow mobility of vehicles.
III. OBJECTIVE
The study has following objectives:
1) To determine traffic density at Khadi Machine Square categorizing in various types.
2) To find out alternative solutions to reduce traffic congestion, accidents and pollution.

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Traffic Congestion Problem At Khadi Machine Square, Pune

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IV. SCOPE OF STUDY

The study of the project focuses on the intersection at the Khadi Machine Square. In order to access the situation Traffic Volume
Count survey was carried out using motion cameras.
V. LITERATURE REVIEW
Accurate Speed and Density Measurement for Road Traffic in India
This paper discusses about the approximate density measurement. This technique presents a strategy for cross lane traffic in
developing countries and application of this technique to better estimate traffic patterns. Present technique results contain about
11% average error for density counting as compared to manually observed truth values.
Traffic Flow at Junctions with Special Reference to Guwahati City Uninterrupted
This paper discusses about the system which is used for cities where the roads are not wide and congestions of traffic occurring
frequently. This paper suggests a method to solve traffic congestions in urban area. Y. Tanaboriboon discussed many problems
including insufficient use of road and improper planning of road networks.
Traffic congestion in major cities of Nigeria
Number of questionnaires where participated in the national conference of the Nigerian society of engineering. They analyzed
simple percentage data and statistical tools to understand the reasons of traffic condition. They divided various remedies to
congestion percentage wise.
VI. SELECTION OF AREA
Khadi machine square is the important junction carrying heavy traffic from katraj-undri road and kondhwa-yevlewadi roads.
Junction with improper geometry and terrain adding problem to smooth flow of traffic. Katraj-undri road passes through junction
which connects outer face of the city. No alternate roads are available for goods carrying vehicles which cause long stretching of
vehicles. Ultimate this resulting in increase in travel time, fuel consumption.

Fig. 1: Google image of study area

VII. METHODOLOGY
The method adopted for evaluating the traffic density is Video Image Detection. Cameras were installed at such locations such that
it covered whole junction. Cameras were installed for 12 hrs a day for two days. After capturing the data of vehicle count vehicles
were categorized into various types such as two wheelers, cars, LCV, trucks, etc.
After categorizing the vehicles into various types they were counted manually and converted into PCU (Passenger Car Unit). Count
of the two days traffic density was taken and the maximum PCU of the two days was taken.(1)

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Table 1
Sample Chart
Traffic Survey
Location:From:
Vehicle
Type
Time

2Wheeler

3Wheeler

Car

L
C
V

Bus
Govt.

To:
Animal
Driven

Truck
Private

Single

Double

Multi

Tractor
Trolly

cycle

Without
trolly

Total

We Divided hour into four parts each of 15 minutes and counted the vehicles manually. The above chart gives idea about the
traffic density per hour of various types of vehicles passing through the Khadi Machine Square.

Fig. 1:

Fig. 2:

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Traffic Congestion Problem At Khadi Machine Square, Pune

(IJSTE/ Volume 2 / Issue 10 / 202)

Figure No.1 depicts the number of two wheelers are more than that of other categories of vehicles as 36419 two wheelers passing
through junction in one day i.e. Thursday. Also from observations it is found that numbers of heavy vehicles are more as compared
to the other parts of the city. 4904 heavy vehicles are passing through the junction in a single day i.e. Thursday. As shown in graph
the peak hour of the day is 8am to 9am.

Pie Chart No. 1

Graph No.2 depicts the number of two wheelers are more than that of other categories of vehicles as 33908 two wheelers passing
through junction in one day i.e. Friday. It is found that on Friday numbers of vehicles are more than Thursday from 8am to 9am.
In morning hours traffic density is more and afterwards it is decreased and remained constant upto 4pm. After 4pm again traffic
density is increased and is reached around 3000. 6035 heavy vehicles are passing through the junction in a single day i.e. Friday.
As shown in graph the peak hour of the day is 9am to 10am

Pie Chart No. 2

VIII. CONCLUSION AND RECCOMENDATION

This paper study focuses on issue of traffic congestion at Khadi Machine Square due to inadequate road capacity, inconvenient
geometry of junction.
1) Total number of vehicles on Thursday= 62220
2) Total number of vehicles on Friday= 62835
3) Average density of two days = 62527.5
4) The current road width is not sufficient to carry the present flow of traffic

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Recommendations:
Basic need at present condition is to improve traffic signal systems, traffic planning, management to reduce the congestion and
ultimately preventing the long stretching of vehicles.
It is necessary to increase the road width as early as possible and for future it is necessary to modify the junction by constructing
flyover or underpass.
REFERENCES
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]

Joseph. O. Ukpata1, Anderson A. Etika2, Traffic congestion in major cities of Nigeria. International Journal of Engineering and Technology Volume 2 No.
8, August, 2012
Parthkumar K. Patel1 Prof. Dr. Arvind M. Jain Before and After Study of an Over Bridge
A Case Study of IIM-A Intersection.
Agbonika, F.O (2011). Road Traffic Congestion and the quest for effective Transportation. Proceedings of the National Conference of Nigerian Society of
Engineers in Calabar.
Google map.

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