7/15/2016

EnhancedDataRatesforGSMEvolutionWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

EnhancedDataRatesforGSMEvolution
FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

EnhancedDataratesforGSMEvolution(EDGE)(alsoknownasEnhancedGPRS
(EGPRS),orIMTSingleCarrier(IMTSC),orEnhancedDataratesforGlobal
Evolution)isadigitalmobilephonetechnologythatallowsimproveddatatransmission
ratesasabackwardcompatibleextensionofGSM.EDGEisconsideredapre3Gradio
technologyandispartofITU's3Gdefinition.[1]EDGEwasdeployedonGSMnetworks
beginningin2003initiallybyCingular(nowAT&T)intheUnitedStates.[2]
EDGEisstandardizedalsoby3GPPaspartoftheGSMfamily.Avariant,socalled
CompactEDGE,wasdevelopedforuseinaportionofDigitalAMPSnetworkspectrum.[3]

EDGEsignshown
innotificationbar
onanAndroid
basedsmartphone.

Throughtheintroductionofsophisticatedmethodsofcodingandtransmittingdata,EDGEdelivershigherbitrates
perradiochannel,resultinginathreefoldincreaseincapacityandperformancecomparedwithanordinary
GSM/GPRSconnection.
EDGEcanbeusedforanypacketswitchedapplication,suchasanInternetconnection.
EvolvedEDGEcontinuesinRelease7ofthe3GPPstandardprovidingreducedlatencyandmorethandoubled
performancee.g.tocomplementHighSpeedPacketAccess(HSPA).Peakbitratesofupto1Mbit/sandtypical
bitratesof400kbit/scanbeexpected.

Contents
1 Technology
1.1 Transmissiontechniques
1.2 EDGEmodulationandcodingscheme(MCS)
2 EvolvedEDGE
2.1 Technology
2.1.1 ReducedLatency
2.1.2 DownlinkDualCarrier
2.1.3 HigherModulationSchemes
3 Networks
4 Seealso
5 References
6 Externallinks

Technology
EDGE/EGPRSisimplementedasaboltonenhancementfor2.5GGSM/GPRSnetworks,makingiteasierfor
existingGSMcarrierstoupgradetoit.EDGEisasupersettoGPRSandcanfunctiononanynetworkwithGPRS
deployedonit,providedthecarrierimplementsthenecessaryupgrade.EDGErequiresnohardwareorsoftware
changestobemadeinGSMcorenetworks.EDGEcompatibletransceiverunitsmustbeinstalledandthebase
stationsubsystemneedstobeupgradedtosupportEDGE.Iftheoperatoralreadyhasthisinplace,whichisoften
thecasetoday,thenetworkcanbeupgradedtoEDGEbyactivatinganoptionalsoftwarefeature.TodayEDGEis
supportedbyallmajorchipvendorsforbothGSMandWCDMA/HSPA.
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Transmissiontechniques
InadditiontoGaussianminimumshiftkeying(GMSK),EDGEuseshigherorderPSK/8phaseshiftkeying
(8PSK)fortheupperfiveofitsninemodulationandcodingschemes.EDGEproducesa3bitwordforevery
changeincarrierphase.ThiseffectivelytriplesthegrossdatarateofferedbyGSM.EDGE,likeGPRS,usesarate
adaptationalgorithmthatadaptsthemodulationandcodingscheme(MCS)accordingtothequalityoftheradio
channel,andthusthebitrateandrobustnessofdatatransmission.Itintroducesanewtechnologynotfoundin
GPRS,IncrementalRedundancy,which,insteadofretransmittingdisturbedpackets,sendsmoreredundancy
informationtobecombinedinthereceiver.Thisincreasestheprobabilityofcorrectdecoding.
EDGEcancarryabandwidthupto500kbit/s(withendtoendlatencyoflessthan150ms)for4timeslots
(theoreticalmaximumis473.6kbit/sfor8timeslots)inpacketmode.Thismeansitcanhandlefourtimesasmuch
trafficasstandardGPRS.EDGEmeetstheInternationalTelecommunicationsUnion'srequirementfora3G
network,andhasbeenacceptedbytheITUaspartoftheIMT2000familyof3Gstandards.[1]Italsoenhancesthe
circuitdatamodecalledHSCSD,increasingthedatarateofthisservice.

EDGEmodulationandcodingscheme(MCS)
ThechannelencodingprocessinGPRSaswellasEGPRS/EDGEconsistsoftwosteps:first,acycliccodeisused
toaddparitybits,whicharealsoreferredtoastheBlockCheckSequence,followedbycodingwithapossibly
puncturedconvolutionalcode.[4]InGPRS,theCodingSchemesCS1toCS4specifythenumberofparitybits
generatedbythecycliccodeandthepuncturingrateoftheconvolutionalcode.[4]InGPRSCodingSchemesCS1
throughCS3,theconvolutionalcodeisofrate1/2,i.e.eachinputbitisconvertedintotwocodedbits.[4]InCoding
SchemesCS2andCS3,theoutputoftheconvolutionalcodeispuncturedtoachievethedesiredcoderate.[4]In
GPRSCodingSchemeCS4,noconvolutionalcodingisapplied.[4]
InEGPRS/EDGE,theModulationandCodingSchemesMCS1toMCS9taketheplaceoftheCodingSchemes
ofGPRS,andadditionallyspecifywhichmodulationschemeisused,GMSKor8PSK.[4]MCS1throughMCS4
useGMSKandhaveperformancesimilar(butnotequal)toGPRS,whileMCS5throughMCS9use8PSK.[4]In
allEGPRSModulationandCodingSchemes,aconvolutionalcodeofrate1/3isused,andpuncturingisusedto
achievethedesiredcoderate.[4]IncontrasttoGRPS,theRadioLinkControl(RLC)andMediaAccessControl
(MAC)headersandthepayloaddataarecodedseparatelyinEGPRS.[4]Theheadersarecodedmorerobustlythan
thedata.[4]
GPRS
Coding
scheme

BitrateincludingRLC/MAC
overhead[a][b]
(kbit/s/slot)

BitrateexcludingRLC/MAC
overhead[c]
(kbit/s/slot)

Modulation

Code
rate

CS1

9.20

8.00

GMSK

1/2

CS2

13.55

12.00

GMSK

2/3

CS3

15.75

14.40

GMSK

3/4

CS4

21.55

20.00

GMSK

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