CONSO

RTIUM OF :

EPCC TOTAL PROYEK PANAS BUMI KAMOJANG 1x35 MW

LIGHTNING GUIDE CALCULATION

PROJECT

EPCC
TOTAL
PROYEK
KAMOJANG 1x35 MW

CLIENT

PT. PERTAMINA GEOTHERMAL ENERGY (PGE)

LOCATION :

PANAS

BUMI

AREA GEOTHERMAL KAMOJANG, WEST JAVA INDONESIA

Consortium of PT. REKAYASA INDUSTRI Sumitomo Corporation

CONTENTS
SECTIONS PAG

1.

GENERAL.............................................................................................................................3

2.

SCOPE...................................................................................................................................3

3.

CODES AND STANDARD..................................................................................................3

4.

DESIGN REQUIREMENT...................................................................................................3

5.

METHOD OF CALCULATION...........................................................................................5

6.

LIGHTNING PROTECTION CALCULATION FOR MAIN BUILDING..........................6

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1.

GENERAL
The purpose of this document is to give guidance on selection of electrical power cables
to be used for EPCC Total Proyek Panas Bumi Kamojang 1 X 35 MW, PT PERTAMINA
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY, Area Geothermal Kamojang, West Java, Indonesia.

2.

SCOPE
The scope of this document just following cover area in the EPCC Total Proyek Panas
Bumi Kamojang 1 X 35 MW as follows:

3.

Power House Area

Cooling Tower area
Cikaro Area
Cluster A & C

CODES AND STANDARD

(1) IEC 1024-1
(2) NFPA 780

4.

Protection of Structures against Lightning

Standard for the Installation of Lightning Protection Systems

DESIGN REQUIREMENT
4.1

General

A lightning protection system is a complete system of air terminal, down conductor,

ground terminals, interconnecting conductor, surge suppression devices and other
connector of fittings required to complete the system. The lightning protection System
shall be designed and installed in accordance with IEC 1024-1 and NFPA-780.

4.2

Air Terminal
All air terminals shall be stainless steel in accordance with the Project Specification
mentioned above. Air terminal shall be located at the top of the building or structure. In
the antenna masts, the air terminal shall be erected on top at least 2 m higher than the top
of radio antenna. Grounded metal objects 5 mm or more in thickness do not require air
terminals but must be grounded. Such object may be considered as serving the function
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of air terminals. However, air terminal shall be provided as needed to protect thin walled
miscellaneous accessories such as dust collector, which area not self protection.

h(m)

20

30

45

60

Mesh
Width

R(m)

(m)

20

25

II

30

35

25

10

III

45

45

35

25

10

IV

60

55

45

35

25

20

Protection
Level

* Rolling sphere and only apply in these case

Air Terminal system shall be in accordance with IEC 1024-1 and NFPA-780.

The material of the air terminal shall be non-corroding in normal

atmosphere

The air terminal system shall be non radioactive.

The air terminal shall not be dependent upon batteries or external power
supplies for any part of its operation.

It shall have no moving parts.

The efficiency of lightning protection system shall be protection level I in accordance

IEC 1024-1. The radius of the rolling sphere to define the zone of protection level I in
accordance with Table 1 of IEC 1024-1 shall be 20 m.
Table 1. Positioning air termination according to the protection level (IEC 1024-1)

4.3

Down Conductor

At least two independent down conductors for each lightning rod shall be provided on
each structure. Additional down conductor shall be provided, if the perimeter of the
structure exceeds 75 meters, so that an additional down conductor is provided for each 30
meters of perimeter or fraction thereof.
All down conductors shall be of aluminum wires with a cross sectional area in
accordance with the prescribed standard. The conductors shall be supported and
protected.
Joints embedded in concrete to otherwise conceal shall be by exothermic welding.
Compression sleeves are preferred to bolting when their use is appropriate.
Structural steel building members shall not be used as down conductors.

4.4

Permanent Lightning Protection

The down conductor for each concrete structure shall be connected at the top and to the
embedded copper bars at the bottom of the structure.
All equipment and accessories and all metal objects at the top of a structure shall be
connected or bonded to the lightning protection system.
All electrical and electronic equipment and accessories which may be exposed to surges
such as, outdoor control panels, devices and outdoor high intensity are discharge lighting
fixture, shall be provided with lightning surge arresters. The surge arresters shall be of
the metal oxide type for a low voltage power supply system. Electronic type varistors
shall not be used as a substitute.
The connection of air terminal to the grounding system shall be separate to avoid induce
over voltage in case of lightning strike. The air terminal is connected through down
conductor to its own grounding.

5.

METHOD OF CALCULATION
5.1

Air Terminal on Roof

In the case of two parallel horizontal air terminal placed above the horizontal reference
plane in figure 1, the penetration distance p of the rolling sphere below the level of
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conductors in the space between the conductors should be calculated by the following
formula.
p R

R 2 (d / 2) 2

d max 2 x R 2 ( R ht ) 2

p
d
dmax
ht
R

: Penetration distance of the rolling sphere

: Distance separating two parallel air terminal
: Distance separating two parallel air terminal in the case p = ht
: Physical height of the air terminal above the reference plane
: Radius of the rolling sphere (refer to table 1)

The protected space generated by the air terminal is the volume not penetrated by the
rolling sphere when it is in contact with the conductor and applied to the building. The
penetration distance p should be less then ht.

Figure 1. Space protected by two parallel air terminals.

Note
1
2
3
5.2

:
: Space protected by two parallel air terminals
: Reference plane.
: Whole protected area

Electrode Rod

Minimum length of electrode according to protection level I, IEC 1024-1 is 5 m.

The grounding electrode expected to be used in this project is as shown below, as

Manufacture Standard.

5.3

Length
Materials
Diameter

: approx. 6 m (couple 2 ea of 3 m),

: Solid Copper (Tinned)
: approx. 19 mm (3/4 inch)

Zone of Protection

To determine the zone of protection, the geometry of the structure shall be considered.
For EPCC Total Proyek Panas Bumi Kamojang 1 X 35 MW at Area Geothermal
Kamojang, West Java, Indonesia, the geometry of the structure is flat or gently sloping
roofs. The zone of protection of air terminal on roofs shall be place on ridges or pitched
roofs and around the perimeter of flat or gently sloping roofs at intervals not exceeding
20 ft (6 m) except that air terminal 24 in (600 mm) or higher may be placed at interval
not exceeding dmax. Air terminals shall be placed at or within 2 ft (0.6 m) of the ends of
ridges or edges and corner of roofs.

6.

LIGHTNING PROTECTION CALCULATION FOR MAIN BUILDING

In accordance with the above calculation method, the lightning protection calculation for
main building in the EPCC Total Proyek Panas Bumi Kamojang 1 X 35 MW is given
below.
16

Power House Building

Number of down conductor

Length of the building (L) = 44 m (lampiran data tabel)
Wide of the building (W) = 29.5 m (lampiran data tabel)
Perimeter of the building = 2x(44 + 29.5) = 147 m
Distance of down conductor between others = 30 m
Number of down conductor = 147 / 30 = 4.9 7 ea

Number of air terminal

Physical height of the air terminal above the reference plane (ht) = 1.5 m
(lampiran data tabel)
Radius of the rolling sphere ( R ) = 20 m (lampiran data tabel)
Distance separating two parallel air terminal in the case p = ht

d max 2 x 202 (20 1.5) 2 15.19

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 Distance separating two parallel air terminal requirement for length side =
10 m
Number of air terminal requirement for length side = (44/10) + 1 = 5.4 6
ea
Distance separating two parallel air terminal requirement for wide side =
12 m
Number of air terminal requirement for length side = (29.5/12) + 1 = 3.45
4 ea
Total requirement of air terminal = 10 ea

Penetration distance of the rolling sphere

Farthermost distance separating two parallel air terminal requirement (d) =
12 m
Penetration distance of the rolling sphere

p 20

6.2

20 2 (12 / 2) 2 0.92

Cooling Tower

Number of down conductor

Length of the building (L) = 42.7 m (lampiran data tabel)
Wide of the building (W) = 14.4 m (lampiran data tabel)
Perimeter of the building = 2x(42.7 + 14.4) = 114.2 m
Distance of down conductor between others = 30 m
Number of down conductor = 114.2 / 30 = 3.8 6 ea

Number of air terminal

Physical height of the air terminal above the reference plane (ht) = 1.5 m
(lampiran data tabel)
Radius of the rolling sphere ( R ) = 20 m (lampiran data tabel)
Distance separating two parallel air terminal in the case p = ht

d max 2 x 20 2 (20 1.5) 2 15.19

Distance separating two parallel air terminal requirement for length side =
13 m

 Number of air terminal requirement for length side = (42.7/13) + 1 = 4.28

4 ea
Distance separating two parallel air terminal requirement for wide side =
11 m
Number of air terminal requirement for length side = (14.4/13) + 1 = 2.3
2 ea
Total requirement of air terminal = 10 ea

Penetration distance of the rolling sphere

Farthermost distance separating two parallel air terminal requirement (d) =
12 m
Penetration distance of the rolling sphere

p 20

16

20 2 (12 / 2) 2 0.92

Panel Hause Cikaro Area

Number of down conductor

Length of the building (L) = 6 m (lampiran data tabel)
Wide of the building (W) = 6 m (lampiran data tabel)
Perimeter of the building = 2x(6 + 6) = 24 m
Distance of down conductor between others = 30 m
Number of down conductor = 24/ 30 = 0.8 1 ea

Number of air terminal

Physical height of the air terminal above the reference plane (ht) = 1.5 m
(lampiran data tabel)
Radius of the rolling sphere ( R ) = 20 m (lampiran data tabel)
Distance separating two parallel air terminal in the case p = ht

d max 2 x 20 2 (20 1.5) 2 15.19

Distance separating two parallel air terminal requirement for length side =
6m
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 Number of air terminal requirement for length side = (6/12) + 1 = 1.5 1

ea
Distance separating two parallel air terminal requirement for wide side =
12 m
Number of air terminal requirement for length side = (6/12) + 1 = 1.5 1
ea
Total requirement of air terminal = 2 ea

Penetration distance of the rolling sphere

Farthermost distance separating two parallel air terminal requirement (d) =
12 m
Penetration distance of the rolling sphere

p 20

17

20 2 (12 / 2) 2 0.92

Panel Hause Cluster A

Number of down conductor

Length of the building (L) = 4.5 m (lampiran data tabel)
Wide of the building (W) = 4.5 m (lampiran data tabel)
Perimeter of the building = 2x(4.5 + 4.5) = 18 m
Distance of down conductor between others = 30 m
Number of down conductor = 18/ 30 = 0.6 1 ea

Number of air terminal

Physical height of the air terminal above the reference plane (ht) = 1.5 m
(lampiran data tabel)
Radius of the rolling sphere ( R ) = 20 m (lampiran data tabel)
Distance separating two parallel air terminal in the case p = ht
d max 2 x 20 2 (20 1.5) 2 15.19

Distance separating two parallel air terminal requirement for length side =
4.5m
Number of air terminal requirement for length side = (4.5/9) + 1 = 1.5 1
ea
Distance separating two parallel air terminal requirement for wide side =
4.5 m

 Number of air terminal requirement for length side = (4.5/9) + 1 = 1.5 1

ea
Total requirement of air terminal = 2 ea

Penetration distance of the rolling sphere

Farthermost distance separating two parallel air terminal requirement (d) =
12 m
Penetration distance of the rolling sphere

p 20

18

20 2 (12 / 2) 2 0.92

Panel Hause Cluster B

Number of down conductor

Length of the building (L) = 3 m (lampiran data tabel)
Wide of the building (W) = 3 m (lampiran data tabel)
Perimeter of the building = 2x(3 + 3) = 12 m
Distance of down conductor between others = 30 m
Number of down conductor = 12/ 30 = 0.4 1 ea

Number of air terminal

Physical height of the air terminal above the reference plane (ht) = 1.5 m
(lampiran data tabel)
Radius of the rolling sphere ( R ) = 20 m (lampiran data tabel)
Distance separating two parallel air terminal in the case p = ht

d max 2 x 20 2 (20 1.5) 2 15.19

Distance separating two parallel air terminal requirement for length side =
3m
Number of air terminal requirement for length side = (3/15) + 1 = 1.2 1
ea
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 Distance separating two parallel air terminal requirement for wide side = 3
m
Number of air terminal requirement for length side = (3/15) + 1 = 1.2 1
ea
Total requirement of air terminal = 2 ea

Penetration distance of the rolling sphere

Farthermost distance separating two parallel air terminal requirement (d) =
12 m
Penetration distance of the rolling sphere

p 20

20 2 (12 / 2) 2 0.92

Lampiran

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